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mw-editable page-ڪمپيوٽر_سائنس rootpage-ڪمپيوٽر_سائنس skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">مواد ڏانھن هلو</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="سائيٽ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="مک مينيو" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">مک مينيو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مک مينيو</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">سائڊبار ڏانھن چوريو</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">لڪايو</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> رھنمائي </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8F%DA%A9_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%88" title="مک صفحو گھمو [z]" accesskey="z"><span>مک صفحو</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82" title="ھن رٿا بابت، توھان ڇا ٿا ڪري سگهو، شيون ڪٿي ڳولھجن"><span>اوطاق</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%DA%BE%D8%A7%DA%BB%D9%88%DA%AA%D8%A7_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9%D8%A7" title="تازن واقعن تي تفصيلي ڄاڻ لھو"><span>هاڻوڪا واقعا</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="ھن وڪيءَ ۾ تازين تبديلين جي فھرست [r]" accesskey="r"><span>تازيون تبديليون</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="ڪو بلاترتيب صفحو اتاريو [x]" accesskey="x"><span>بلاترتيب صفحو</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ڳولي لھڻ جي جاءِ"><span>مدد</span></a></li><li id="n-sandboxlink-portlet-label" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88"><span>مشق پٽي</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8F%DA%A9_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%88" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="وڪيپيڊيا" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-sd.svg" style="width: 6.8125em; height: 1.75em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sd.svg" width="135" height="23" style="width: 8.4375em; height: 1.4375em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="۾ ڳوليو وڪيپيڊيا [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>ڳولا</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="وڪيپيڊيا ۾ ڳوليو" aria-label="وڪيپيڊيا ۾ ڳوليو" autocapitalize="sentences" title="۾ ڳوليو وڪيپيڊيا [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="خاص:ڳولا"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ڳوليو</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="ذاتي اوزار"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ڏيک"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ڏيک" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ڏيک</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sd.wikipedia.org&uselang=sd" class=""><span>امداد ڏيو</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88&returnto=%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="کاتو کولڻ ۽ داخل ٿيڻ تي توھان کي ھمٿايو وڃي ٿو؛ جيتوڻيڪ، اهو ضروري ناھي" class=""><span>کاتو کوليو</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%AF_%D8%A7%D9%90%D9%86&returnto=%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="توھان کي ھمٿائجي ٿو تہ توهان داخل ٿيو؛ بھرحال، اھو لازمي ناھي [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>داخل ٿيو</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="وڌيڪ چارا" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" 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<span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>تحقيق</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-تحقيق-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-پڻ_ڏسو" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#پڻ_ڏسو"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>پڻ ڏسو</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-پڻ_ڏسو-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-خارجي_لنڪس" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#خارجي_لنڪس"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>خارجي لنڪس</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-خارجي_لنڪس-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-حوالا" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#حوالا"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>حوالا</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-حوالا-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="فھرست" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="عنوانن جي فھرست کي ٽوگل ڪريو" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">عنوانن جي فھرست کي ٽوگل ڪريو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ڪمپيوٽر سائنس</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ڪنھن مضمون ڏانھن ڪنھن ٻي ٻوليءَ ۾ وڃو. 163 ٻولين ۾ موجود آھي" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-163" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">163 ٻوليون</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekenaarwetenskap" title="Rekenaarwetenskap – آفريڪي" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rekenaarwetenskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="آفريڪي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – سوئس جرمن" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="سوئس جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%9D%E1%8D%92%E1%8B%8D%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8D%A1%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5" title="የኮምፒውተር፡ጥናት – امهاري" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የኮምፒውተር፡ጥናት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="امهاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – ارگني" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="ارگني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8" title="علم الحاسوب – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الحاسوب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="علم الكمبيوتر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="علم الكمبيوتر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কম্পিউটাৰ বিজ্ঞান – آسامي" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কম্পিউটাৰ বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="آسامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A1tica" title="Informática – اسٽورين" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Informática" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="اسٽورين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nformatika" title="İnformatika – آزربائيجاني" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnformatika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="آزربائيجاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="بیلگی‌سایار بیلیمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیلگی‌سایار بیلیمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – ڪينيڊا" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ڪينيڊا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infuormat%C4%97ka" title="Infuormatėka – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Infuormatėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensyang_pangkompyuter" title="Siyensyang pangkompyuter – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Siyensyang pangkompyuter" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інфарматыка – بيلاروسي" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інфарматыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بيلاروسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інфарматыка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Інфарматыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Компютърни науки – بلغاريائي" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Компютърни науки" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاريائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8" title="कंप्यूटर साइंस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कंप्यूटर साइंस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="بهترين مضمون"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কম্পিউটার বিজ্ঞান – بنگلا" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কম্পিউটার বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگلا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urzhiataerezh" title="Urzhiataerezh – بريٽن" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Urzhiataerezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="بريٽن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarska_nauka" title="Računarska nauka – بوسنيائي" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Računarska nauka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسنيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncies_de_la_computaci%C3%B3" title="Ciències de la computació – ڪيٽالان" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciències de la computació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ڪيٽالان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1" title="زانستی کۆمپیوتەر – مرڪزي ڪردش" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانستی کۆمپیوتەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="مرڪزي ڪردش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – ڪارسيڪائي" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="ڪارسيڪائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematick%C3%A1_informatika" title="Matematická informatika – چيڪ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Matematická informatika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چيڪ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inf%C3%B2rmatika" title="Infòrmatika – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Infòrmatika" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfrifiadureg" title="Cyfrifiadureg – ويلش" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfrifiadureg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ويلش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datalogi" title="Datalogi – ڊينش" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Datalogi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ڊينش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – جرمن" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enformatik" title="Enformatik – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Enformatik" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Επιστήμη υπολογιστών – يوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιστήμη υπολογιστών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="يوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tica" title="Informàtica – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Informàtica" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science – انگريزي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Computer science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انگريزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informadiko" title="Informadiko – ايسپرانٽو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Informadiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ايسپرانٽو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_de_la_computaci%C3%B3n" title="Ciencias de la computación – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencias de la computación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaatika" title="Informaatika – ايستونائي" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Informaatika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ايستونائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konputazioaren_zientziak" title="Konputazioaren zientziak – باسق" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konputazioaren zientziak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسق" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhorm%C3%A1tica" title="Inhormática – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Inhormática" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="علوم رایانه – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علوم رایانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tietojenk%C3%A4sittelytiede" title="Tietojenkäsittelytiede – فنش" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tietojenkäsittelytiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فنش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaatiga" title="Informaatiga – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Informaatiga" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teldufr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Teldufrøði – فيروايس" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Teldufrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="فيروايس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatique" title="Informatique – فرانسيسي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Informatique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسيسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaatik" title="Informaatik – اترين فريسين" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Informaatik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="اترين فريسين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatiche" title="Informatiche – فرائي لئين" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Informatiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="فرائي لئين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynformatika" title="Ynformatika – مغربي فريشن" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ynformatika" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="مغربي فريشن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADomheola%C3%ADocht" title="Ríomheolaíocht – آئرش" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríomheolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="آئرش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenf%C3%B2rmatik" title="Lenfòrmatik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lenfòrmatik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_da_computaci%C3%B3n" title="Ciencias da computación – گليشئين" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciencias da computación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="گليشئين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheanse_co-earrooagh" title="Sheanse co-earrooagh – مينڪس" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Sheanse co-earrooagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="مينڪس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thien-n%C3%B3_Kh%C3%B4-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Thien-nó Khô-ho̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thien-nó Khô-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%91" title="מדעי המחשב – عبراني" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדעי המחשב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कम्प्यूटर विज्ञान – هندي" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कम्प्यूटर विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هندي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarstvo" title="Računarstvo – ڪروشيائي" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Računarstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ڪروشيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enf%C3%B2matik" title="Enfòmatik – هيٽي ڪرولي" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Enfòmatik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="هيٽي ڪرولي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1m%C3%ADt%C3%A1studom%C3%A1ny" title="Számítástudomány – هنگري" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Számítástudomány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هنگري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Ինֆորմատիկա – ارماني" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինֆորմատիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ارماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – انٽرلنگئا" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="انٽرلنگئا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains_komputer" title="Sains komputer – ايبن" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sains komputer" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ايبن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer – انڊونيشي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilmu komputer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انڊونيشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6lvunarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Tölvunarfræði – آئيس لينڊڪ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tölvunarfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="آئيس لينڊڪ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – اطالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="اطالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%90%E1%93%B4%E1%90%85%E1%92%AA%E1%96%83%E1%91%A6%E1%91%95%E1%90%85%E1%91%8E%E1%94%BE%E1%94%AA%E1%91%8E%E1%93%82%E1%92%83_%E1%90%8A%E1%90%85%E1%93%9A%E1%91%A6%E1%91%8E%E1%94%A9%E1%91%A6/tusaumaqattautijjutinik_aulattijiit" title="ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ/tusaumaqattautijjutinik aulattijiit – انو ڪتوت" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ/tusaumaqattautijjutinik aulattijiit" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="انو ڪتوت" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="計算機科学 – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="計算機科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/samske" title="samske – لوجبين" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="samske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="لوجبين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ინფორმატიკა – جارجيائي" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინფორმატიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جارجيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasenselkimt" title="Tasenselkimt – ڪبائل" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tasenselkimt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="ڪبائل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – قازق" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قازق" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qarasaasialerinermik_ilisimatusarneq" title="Qarasaasialerinermik ilisimatusarneq – ڪالا ليسٽ" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Qarasaasialerinermik ilisimatusarneq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="ڪالا ليسٽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BB%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A" title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រកុំព្យូទ័រ – خمر" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រកុំព្យូទ័រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="خمر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಗಣಕ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – ڪناڊا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಣಕ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="ڪناڊا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="컴퓨터 과학 – ڪوريائي" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="컴퓨터 과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ڪوريائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komp%C3%BBternas%C3%AE" title="Kompûternasî – ڪردي" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kompûternasî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="ڪردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – لاطيني" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاطيني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – لڊينو" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="لڊينو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – لگزمبرگ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="لگزمبرگ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatega" title="Informatega – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Informatega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – ليٿونيائي" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليٿونيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datorzineiba" title="Datorzineiba – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Datorzineiba" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datorzin%C4%81tne" title="Datorzinātne – لاتوين" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Datorzinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لاتوين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Информатикась – موڪشا" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Информатикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="موڪشا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kajimirindra" title="Kajimirindra – ملاگاسي" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kajimirindra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ملاگاسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Информатике – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Информатике" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer – مناڪابوا" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ilmu komputer" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="مناڪابوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – ميسي ڊونيائي" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ميسي ڊونيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ ശാസ്ത്രം – مليالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ ശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مليالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Компьютерын ухаан – منگولي" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Компьютерын ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="منگولي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%94_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A7%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯀꯝꯄꯨꯇꯔ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ – ماني پوري" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯝꯄꯨꯇꯔ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="ماني پوري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains_komputer" title="Sains komputer – ملي" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sains komputer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ملي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ncia_de_la_cumputa%C3%A7on" title="Ciéncia de la cumputaçon – مرانڊيز" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ciéncia de la cumputaçon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="مرانڊيز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="ကွန်ပျူတာသိပ္ပံပညာ – برمي" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကွန်ပျူတာသိပ္ပံပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="برمي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nfurmateca" title="Nfurmateca – نيپولٽن" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Nfurmateca" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="نيپولٽن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – لو جرمن" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="لو جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infermatika" title="Infermatika – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Infermatika" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान – نيپالي" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نيپالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान – نيواري" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="نيواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – ڊچ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ڊچ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatikk" title="Informatikk – نارويائي نيوناسڪ" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Informatikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="نارويائي نيوناسڪ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatikk" title="Informatikk – نارويائي بوڪمال" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Informatikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="نارويائي بوڪمال" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komputal_sientie" title="Komputal sientie – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Komputal sientie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatique" title="Informatique – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Informatique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – آڪسيٽن" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="آڪسيٽن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infoormaatiksii" title="Infoormaatiksii – اورومو" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Infoormaatiksii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="اورومو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – اوڊيا" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="اوڊيا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatike" title="Informatike – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Informatike" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_(%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0)_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुशांख्य यन्त्र (कम्प्युटर) विज्ञान – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सुशांख्य यन्त्र (कम्प्युटर) विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatyka" title="Informatyka – پولش" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Informatyka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anform%C3%A0tica" title="Anformàtica – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Anformàtica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BC%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3" title="کمپیوټر ساینس – پشتو" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کمپیوټر ساینس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="پشتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia_da_computa%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ciência da computação – پورٽگليز" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciência da computação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورٽگليز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anta%C3%B1iqichaq_hamut%27ay" title="Antañiqichaq hamut'ay – ڪيچوا" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antañiqichaq hamut'ay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ڪيچوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatic%C4%83" title="Informatică – روماني" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Informatică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="روماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatic%C3%A2" title="Informaticâ – ارومينين" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Informaticâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="ارومينين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інформатіка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Інформатіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="सङ्गणकविज्ञानम् – سنسڪرت" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सङ्गणकविज्ञानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="سنسڪرت" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – ساخا" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ساخا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tica" title="Informàtica – سارڊيني" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Informàtica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="سارڊيني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nfurm%C3%A0tica" title="Nfurmàtica – سسلي" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nfurmàtica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سسلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science – اسڪاٽس" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Computer science" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="اسڪاٽس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarstvo" title="Računarstvo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Računarstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnslkimt" title="Tasnslkimt – تيچل هاتي" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnslkimt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="تيچل هاتي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%82%8A%E1%81%B6%E1%80%BD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%82%83%E1%82%87" title="ပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ – شان" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="شان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="පරිගණක විද්‍යාව – سنهالا" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පරිගණක විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="سنهالا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Computer science" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veda_o_po%C4%8D%C3%ADta%C4%8Doch" title="Veda o počítačoch – سلواڪي" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Veda o počítačoch" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلواڪي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalni%C5%A1tvo" title="Računalništvo – سلوويني" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Računalništvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلوويني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkenca_kompjuterike" title="Shkenca kompjuterike – الباني" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkenca kompjuterike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الباني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informoatik" title="Informoatik – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Informoatik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lmu_komputer" title="Élmu komputer – سوڊاني" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Élmu komputer" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="سوڊاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datavetenskap" title="Datavetenskap – سويڊش" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Datavetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سويڊش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayansi_ya_tarakilishi" title="Sayansi ya tarakilishi – سواحيلي" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayansi ya tarakilishi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواحيلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="கணினியியல் – تامل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கணினியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="కంప్యూటరు శాస్త్రం – تلگو" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కంప్యూటరు శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="تلگو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definisaun_Sistema_Informasaun_Teknologia" title="Definisaun Sistema Informasaun Teknologia – تيتم" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Definisaun Sistema Informasaun Teknologia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="تيتم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – تاجڪ" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="تاجڪ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วิทยาการคอมพิวเตอร์ – ٿائي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิทยาการคอมพิวเตอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ٿائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%9D%E1%8D%92%E1%8B%A9%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD_%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" title="ኮምፒዩተር ሳይንስ – تگرينيائي" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ኮምፒዩተር ሳይንስ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="تگرينيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agham_pangkompyuter" title="Agham pangkompyuter – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agham pangkompyuter" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Save_long_komputa" title="Save long komputa – تاڪ پسن" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Save long komputa" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="تاڪ پسن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgisayar_bilimi" title="Bilgisayar bilimi – ترڪش" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilgisayar bilimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترڪش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%DB%88%DA%BE%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%BA%DB%8C" title="بیلگیسايار مۈھەندیسلیغی – يوغور" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بیلگیسايار مۈھەندیسلیغی" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="يوغور" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інформатика – يوڪراني" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інформатика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="يوڪراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="کمپیوٹر سائنس – اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کمپیوٹر سائنس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – ازبڪ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ازبڪ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tega" title="Informàtega – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Informàtega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc_m%C3%A1y_t%C3%ADnh" title="Khoa học máy tính – ويتنامي" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoa học máy tính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ويتنامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inf%C3%B4rmatike" title="Infôrmatike – ولون" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Infôrmatike" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="ولون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensya_han_komputasyon" title="Siyensya han komputasyon – واري" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Siyensya han komputasyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="واري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xam-xamu_nosukaay" title="Xam-xamu nosukaay – وولوف" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xam-xamu nosukaay" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="وولوف" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机科学 – وو چيني" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="计算机科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چيني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ინფორმატიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ინფორმატიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cfit%C3%B3nil%C3%A9t%C3%AD" title="Ìfitónilétí – يوروبا" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìfitónilétí" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="يوروبا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaotica" title="Informaotica – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Informaotica" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机科学 – چيني" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="计算机科学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چيني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-n%C3%A1u_kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Tiān-náu kho-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-náu kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="電腦科學 – ڪينٽونيز" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電腦科學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ڪينٽونيز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzululwazi_yesiCikizi" title="Inzululwazi yesiCikizi – زولو" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inzululwazi yesiCikizi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="زولو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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ذهانت</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="float:left;margin:1px;width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Half_Adder.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Half-adder circuit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Half_Adder.svg/142px-Half_Adder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="142" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Half_Adder.svg/213px-Half_Adder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Half_Adder.svg/284px-Half_Adder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left">ڪمپيوٽر آرڪيٽيڪچر</div></div><div style="clear:left"></div></div></div> <p><b>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس</b> (Computer Sciene) دراصل معلومات ۽ تخمين جي باري ۾ نظرياتي مطالعي ۽ <a href="/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1" title="ڪمپيوٽر">ڪمپيوٽر جي نظام</a> ۾ ان جي لاڳو ڪندڙ متعلق آھي. ڪمپيوٽر سائنس حساب، معلومات ۽ آٽوميشن جو مطالعو آهي.<sup id="cite_ref-YorkDefinition2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YorkDefinition2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-MITAutomated2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MITAutomated2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-DenningAutomated2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenningAutomated2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ڪمپيوٽر سائنس نظرياتي شعبن، جهڙوڪ الگورٿمز، ڪمپيوٽر جو نظريو ۽ معلوماتي نظريو ۽ لاڳو ڪيل شعبن تائين (بشمول هارڊويئر ۽ سافٽ ويئر جي ڊيزائن ۽ عمل درآمد) تي پکڙيل آهي.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>الگورتھم ۽ ڊيٽا جي جوڙجڪ ڪمپيوٽر سائنس لاء مرڪزي آھن.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ڳڻپيوڪر جو نظريو شماريات جي تجريدي ماڊل ۽ مسئلن جي عام طبقن سان تعلق رکي ٿو جيڪي انهن کي استعمال ڪندي حل ڪري سگهجن ٿا. ڪرپٽوگرافي ۽ ڪمپيوٽر سيڪيورٽي جا شعبا محفوظ رابطي لاءِ ذريعن جو مطالعو ڪرڻ ۽ حفاظتي خطرن کي روڪڻ ۾ شامل آهن. ڪمپيوٽر گرافڪس ۽ ڪمپيوٽيشنل جاميٽري تصويرن جي قسم کي پتو ڏين ٿا. پروگرامنگ ٻولي جو نظريو ڪمپيوٽيشنل پروسيس کي بيان ڪرڻ لاءِ مختلف طريقن تي غور ڪري ٿو ۽ ڊيٽابيس جو نظريو ڊيٽا جي ذخيرن جي انتظام سان لاڳاپيل آهي. انساني-ڪمپيوٽر جي وچ ۾ رابطي انٽرفيس جي تحقيق ڪري ٿي جن جي ذريعي انسان ۽ ڪمپيوٽر وچ ۾ رابطو ڪن ٿا، ۽ سافٽ ويئر انجنيئرنگ ترقي ڪندڙ سافٽ ويئر جي جوڙجڪ ۽ اصولن تي ڌيان ڏئي ٿو. علائقن جهڙوڪ آپريٽنگ سسٽم، نيٽ ورڪ ۽ ايمبيڊڊ سسٽم پيچيده سسٽم جي پويان اصولن ۽ ڊزائين جي تحقيق ڪن ٿا. ڪمپيوٽر آرڪيٽيڪچر ڪمپيوٽر جي اجزاء ۽ ڪمپيوٽر تي هلندڙ سامان جي تعمير کي بيان ڪري ٿو. مصنوعي ذهانت ۽ مشيني سکيا جو مقصد، مقصد تي مبني عملن، جهڙوڪ مسئلا حل ڪرڻ، فيصلو ڪرڻ، انسانن ۽ جانورن ۾ ماحولياتي موافقت، پلاننگ ۽ سکيا کي گڏ ڪرڻ آهي . مصنوعي ذهانت جي اندر، ڪمپيوٽر جي وژن جو مقصد تصوير ۽ وڊيو ڊيٽا کي سمجهڻ ۽ پروسيس ڪرڻ آهي، جڏهن ته قدرتي ٻولي پروسيسنگ جو مقصد متن ۽ لساني ڊيٽا کي سمجهڻ ۽ پروسيس ڪرڻ آهي. </p><p>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس جي بنيادي مقصد اهو طئي ڪرڻ آهي ته ڇا خودڪار ٿي سگهي ٿو ۽ ڇا نه ٿي سگهي.<sup id="cite_ref-MITAutomated_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MITAutomated-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DenningAutomated_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenningAutomated-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ٽيورنگ ايوارڊ کي عام طور تي ڪمپيوٽر سائنس ۾ اعليٰ ترين اعزاز طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="تاريخ"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.A7.D8.B1.D9.8A.D8.AE"></span>تاريخ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&action=edit&section=7" title="هيءُ حصو ترميميو: پڻ ڏسو"><span>سنواريو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%BD_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF" title="سافٽ ويئر انجنيئرنگ">سافٽ ويئر انجنيئرنگ</a></li> <li>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس جي لغت</li> <li>ڪمپيوٽر سائنسدانن جي فهرست</li> <li>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس انعامن جي فهرست</li> <li>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس ۾ اڳوڻن جي فهرست</li> <li>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس جو خاڪو</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="خارجي_لنڪس"><span id=".D8.AE.D8.A7.D8.B1.D8.AC.D9.8A_.D9.84.D9.86.DA.AA.D8.B3"></span>خارجي لنڪس</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&action=edit&section=8" title="هيءُ حصو ترميميو: خارجي لنڪس"><span>سنواريو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks mbox-small" style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//sd.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="Search Wikibooks"><img alt="Search Wikibooks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td> <td class="mbox-text" style=""> Wikibooks has a book on the topic of <div style="margin-left:10px;"><i><b><a class="external text" href="https://sd.wikibooks.org/wiki/Informatics_Practices_for_Class_XI_(CBSE)">Informatics Practices for Class XI (CBSE)</a></b></i> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks mbox-small" style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="margin: auto; text-align: center"><b>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس</b> بابت وڌيڪ ڏسو وڪيپيڊيا جي <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BF%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="وڪيپيڊيا:وڪيميڊيا ساٿي منصوبا">ڀينر رٿائن ۾</a>: </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//sd.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/computer_science" title="وِڪِي لغت ڳولا"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/25px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://sd.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/computer_science">معني ڏسو</a> وِڪِشنري تي<br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="ڪامنز ڳولا"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/37px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3">تصويرون ۽ وڊيو ڏسو</a> وڪي ڪامنز تي<br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//sd.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Computer_science" title="Search Wikiversity"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/25px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/38px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/50px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://sd.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Computer_science">تربيتي مواد ڏسو</a> وڪي ورسٽي تي<br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//sd.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Computer_science" title="Search Wikiquote"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/21px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/42px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://sd.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Computer_science">چَوِڻيون Quotations</a> وڪي ڪوٽ تان<br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//sd.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Computer_science" title="ڪتاب ڳولا"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td> <td><a class="external text" href="https://sd.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Computer_science">درسي ڪتاب</a> وڪي ڪتاب تان<br /> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:left;clear:left;width:auto;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;text-align:left;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="وڪيپيڊيا:وڪيپيڊيا لائبريري">لائبريري وسيلا</a> بابت <br /> <b>ڪمپيوٽر سائنس</b> <hr /></td></tr><tr><td class="plainlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/ftl/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3">توهان جي لائبريري ۾ وسيلا</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/ftl/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&library=0CHOOSE0">ٻين لائبريرين ۾ وسيلا</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dblp.uni-trier.de/">DBLP Computer Science Bibliography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acm.org/">Association for Computing Machinery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ieee.org/">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r276450">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%B9%DA%AA%D8%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="واسطيدار اختياري عڪس (صفحو وجود نٿو رکي)">جي اين ڊي</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4026894-9">4026894-9</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="فرانس جي نيشنل لائبريري (صفحو وجود نٿو رکي)">بي اين ايف</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932109b">cb11932109b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932109b">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a 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España (صفحو وجود نٿو رکي)">بي اين اي</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX525961">XX525961</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="حوالا"><span id=".D8.AD.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.A7"></span>حوالا</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&action=edit&section=9" title="هيءُ حصو ترميميو: حوالا"><span>سنواريو</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-YorkDefinition2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-YorkDefinition2_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611230638/https://www.cs.york.ac.uk/undergraduate/what-is-cs/">"What is Computer Science?"</a>. <i>Department of Computer Science, University of York</i>. وقت June 11, 2020 تي <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.york.ac.uk/undergraduate/what-is-cs/">اصل</a> کان آرڪائيو ٿيل<span class="reference-accessdate">. حاصل ڪيل <span class="nowrap">2020-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsd.wikipedia.org%3A%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&rft.atitle=What+is+Computer+Science%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Computer+Science%2C+University+of+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.york.ac.uk%2Fundergraduate%2Fwhat-is-cs%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B31_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B2#parameter_ignored" class="mw-redirect" title="مدد:سي ايس1 ايررز">مدد</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MITAutomated2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MITAutomated2_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (en ۾) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/what-can-be-automated"><i>What Can Be Automated? Computer Science and Engineering Research Study</i></a>. Computer Science Series. MIT Press. 1980. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:BookSources/978-0262010603" title="خاص:BookSources/978-0262010603">978-0262010603</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/what-can-be-automated">https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/what-can-be-automated</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Can+Be+Automated%3F+Computer+Science+and+Engineering+Research+Study&rft.date=1980&rft.series=Computer+Science+Series&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.isbn=978-0262010603&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmitpress.mit.edu%2Fbooks%2Fwhat-can-be-automated&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DenningAutomated2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DenningAutomated2_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Denning, P.J.; Comer, D.E.; Gries, D.; Mulder, M.C.; Tucker, A.; Turner, A.J.; Young, P.R. (February 1989). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/19833">Computing as a discipline</a>". <i>Computer</i> <b>22</b> (2): 63–70. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109%2F2.19833">10.1109/2.19833</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1558-0814">1558-0814</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/19833">https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/19833</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved March 3, 2022</span>.  "The discipline of computing is the systematic study of algorithmic processes that describe and transform information, their theory, analysis, design, efficiency, implementation, and application. The fundamental question underlying all of computing is, 'What can be (efficiently) automated?'".</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Computing+as+a+discipline&rft.jtitle=Computer&rft.aulast=Denning&rft.aufirst=P.J.&rft.au=Denning%2C%26%2332%3BP.J.&rft.au=Comer%2C%26%2332%3BD.E.&rft.au=Gries%2C%26%2332%3BD.&rft.au=Mulder%2C%26%2332%3BM.C.&rft.au=Tucker%2C%26%2332%3BA.&rft.au=Turner%2C%26%2332%3BA.J.&rft.au=Young%2C%26%2332%3BP.R.&rft.date=February+1989&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=63%E2%80%9370&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2F2.19833&rft.issn=1558-0814&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fdocument%2F19833&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171018181122/http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=computer%20scientist">"WordNet Search—3.1"</a>. <i>WordNet Search</i>. Wordnetweb.princeton.edu. وقت October 18, 2017 تي <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=computer%20scientist">اصل</a> کان آرڪائيو ٿيل<span class="reference-accessdate">. حاصل ڪيل <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsd.wikipedia.org%3A%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&rft.atitle=WordNet+Search%943.1&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WordNet+Search&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwordnetweb.princeton.edu%2Fperl%2Fwebwn%3Fs%3Dcomputer%2520scientist&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B31_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B2#parameter_ignored" class="mw-redirect" title="مدد:سي ايس1 ايررز">مدد</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611224238/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/computer-science">"Definition of computer science | Dictionary.com"</a>. <i>www.dictionary.com</i>. وقت June 11, 2020 تي <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/computer-science">اصل</a> کان آرڪائيو ٿيل<span class="reference-accessdate">. حاصل ڪيل <span class="nowrap">2020-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsd.wikipedia.org%3A%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&rft.atitle=Definition+of+computer+science+%7C+Dictionary.com&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dictionary.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fcomputer-science&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B31_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B2#parameter_ignored" class="mw-redirect" title="مدد:سي ايس1 ايررز">مدد</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201127013803/https://undergrad.cs.umd.edu/what-computer-science">"What is Computer Science? | Undergraduate Computer Science at UMD"</a>. <i>undergrad.cs.umd.edu</i>. وقت November 27, 2020 تي <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://undergrad.cs.umd.edu/what-computer-science">اصل</a> کان آرڪائيو ٿيل<span class="reference-accessdate">. حاصل ڪيل <span class="nowrap">2022-07-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsd.wikipedia.org%3A%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&rft.atitle=What+is+Computer+Science%3F+%7C+Undergraduate+Computer+Science+at+UMD&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=undergrad.cs.umd.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fundergrad.cs.umd.edu%2Fwhat-computer-science&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B31_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B2#parameter_ignored" class="mw-redirect" title="مدد:سي ايس1 ايررز">مدد</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Harel, David (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/876384882"><i>Algorithmics The Spirit of Computing</i></a>. Springer Berlin. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:BookSources/978-3-642-44135-6" title="خاص:BookSources/978-3-642-44135-6">978-3-642-44135-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/876384882">876384882</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/876384882">http://worldcat.org/oclc/876384882</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved June 17, 2020</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Algorithmics+The+Spirit+of+Computing&rft.aulast=Harel&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Harel%2C%26%2332%3BDavid&rft.date=2014&rft.pub=Springer+Berlin&rft_id=info:oclcnum/876384882&rft.isbn=978-3-642-44135-6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F876384882&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MITAutomated-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MITAutomated_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (en ۾) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/what-can-be-automated"><i>What Can Be Automated? Computer Science and Engineering Research Study</i></a>. Computer Science Series. MIT Press. 1980. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:BookSources/978-0262010603" title="خاص:BookSources/978-0262010603">978-0262010603</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/what-can-be-automated">https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/what-can-be-automated</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Can+Be+Automated%3F+Computer+Science+and+Engineering+Research+Study&rft.date=1980&rft.series=Computer+Science+Series&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.isbn=978-0262010603&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmitpress.mit.edu%2Fbooks%2Fwhat-can-be-automated&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPattonPatton" class="citation">Patton, Richard D.; Patton, Peter C., Nof, Shimon Y., وڪي نويس., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230111224039/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-78831-7_18">"What Can be Automated? What Cannot be Automated?"</a>, <i>Springer Handbook of Automation</i> (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), صفحا. 305–313, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:BookSources/978-3-540-78831-7" title="خاص:BookSources/978-3-540-78831-7">978-3-540-78831-7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-540-78831-7_18">10.1007/978-3-540-78831-7_18</a>, وقت January 11, 2023 تي <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78831-7_18">اصل</a> کان آرڪائيو ٿيل<span class="reference-accessdate">, حاصل ڪيل <span class="nowrap">2022-03-03</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsd.wikipedia.org%3A%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3&rft.atitle=What+Can+be+Automated%3F+What+Cannot+be+Automated%3F&rft.au=Patton%2C+Peter+C.&rft.aufirst=Richard+D.&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.genre=article&rft.isbn=978-3-540-78831-7&rft.jtitle=Springer+Handbook+of+Automation&rft.pages=305-313&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-3-540-78831-7_18&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-540-78831-7_18&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B31_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B2#parameter_ignored" class="mw-redirect" title="مدد:سي ايس1 ايررز">مدد</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DenningAutomated-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DenningAutomated_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Denning, P.J.; Comer, D.E.; Gries, D.; Mulder, M.C.; Tucker, A.; Turner, A.J.; Young, P.R. (February 1989). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/19833">Computing as a discipline</a>". <i>Computer</i> <b>22</b> (2): 63–70. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109%2F2.19833">10.1109/2.19833</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1558-0814">1558-0814</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/19833">https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/19833</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved March 3, 2022</span>.  "The discipline of computing is the systematic study of algorithmic processes that describe and transform information, their theory, analysis, design, efficiency, implementation, and application. The fundamental question underlying all of computing is, 'What can be (efficiently) automated?'".</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Computing+as+a+discipline&rft.jtitle=Computer&rft.aulast=Denning&rft.aufirst=P.J.&rft.au=Denning%2C%26%2332%3BP.J.&rft.au=Comer%2C%26%2332%3BD.E.&rft.au=Gries%2C%26%2332%3BD.&rft.au=Mulder%2C%26%2332%3BM.C.&rft.au=Tucker%2C%26%2332%3BA.&rft.au=Turner%2C%26%2332%3BA.J.&rft.au=Young%2C%26%2332%3BP.R.&rft.date=February+1989&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=63%E2%80%9370&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2F2.19833&rft.issn=1558-0814&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fdocument%2F19833&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Forsythe, George (August 5–10, 1969). "Computer Science and Education". <i>Proceedings of IFIP Congress 1968</i>.  "The question 'What can be automated?' is one of the most inspiring philosophical and practical questions of contemporary civilization.".</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Computer+Science+and+Education&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+IFIP+Congress+1968&rft.aulast=Forsythe&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Forsythe%2C%26%2332%3BGeorge&rft.date=August+5%E2%80%9310%2C+1969&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Knuth, Donald E. (1972-08-01). "George Forsythe and the development of computer science". <i>Communications of the ACM</i> <b>15</b> (8): 721–726. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145%2F361532.361538">10.1145/361532.361538</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0001-0782">0001-0782</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=George+Forsythe+and+the+development+of+computer+science&rft.jtitle=Communications+of+the+ACM&rft.aulast=Knuth&rft.aufirst=Donald+E.&rft.au=Knuth%2C%26%2332%3BDonald+E.&rft.date=1972-08-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=721%E2%80%93726&rft_id=info:doi/10.1145%2F361532.361538&rft.issn=0001-0782&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Hanson, Vicki L. (2017-01-23). "Celebrating 50 years of the Turing award". <i>Communications of the ACM</i> <b>60</b> (2): 5. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145%2F3033604">10.1145/3033604</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0001-0782">0001-0782</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Celebrating+50+years+of+the+Turing+award&rft.jtitle=Communications+of+the+ACM&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Vicki+L.&rft.au=Hanson%2C%26%2332%3BVicki+L.&rft.date=2017-01-23&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=5&rft_id=info:doi/10.1145%2F3033604&rft.issn=0001-0782&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Scott, Eric; Martins, Marcella Scoczynski Ribeiro; Yafrani, Mohamed El; Volz, Vanessa; Wilson, Dennis G (2018-06-05). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3231560.3231563">ACM marks 50 years of the ACM A.M. turing award and computing's greatest achievements</a>". <i>ACM SIGEVOlution</i> <b>10</b> (3): 9–11. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1145%2F3231560.3231563">10.1145/3231560.3231563</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1931-8499">1931-8499</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3231560.3231563">https://doi.org/10.1145/3231560.3231563</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=ACM+marks+50+years+of+the+ACM+A.M.+turing+award+and+computing%27s+greatest+achievements&rft.jtitle=ACM+SIGEVOlution&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Scott%2C%26%2332%3BEric&rft.au=Martins%2C%26%2332%3BMarcella+Scoczynski+Ribeiro&rft.au=Yafrani%2C%26%2332%3BMohamed+El&rft.au=Volz%2C%26%2332%3BVanessa&rft.au=Wilson%2C%26%2332%3BDennis+G&rft.date=2018-06-05&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=9%E2%80%9311&rft_id=info:doi/10.1145%2F3231560.3231563&rft.issn=1931-8499&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1145%2F3231560.3231563&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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