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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedom_of_religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Freedom of religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freedom_of_religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Religion in Kosovo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88" title="الدين في كوسوفو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدين في كوسوفو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovoda_din" title="Kosovoda din – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kosovoda din" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_%CE%9A%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%BF" title="Θρησκεία στο Κόσοβο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θρησκεία στο Κόσοβο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religija_na_Kosovu" title="Religija na Kosovu – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Religija na Kosovu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religione_in_Kosovo" title="Religione in Kosovo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Religione in Kosovo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98" title="რელიგია კოსოვოში – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რელიგია კოსოვოში" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Религија во Косово – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Религија во Косово" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_di_Kosovo" title="Agama di Kosovo – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Agama di Kosovo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Религия в Косове – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Религия в Косове" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feja_n%C3%AB_Kosov%C3%AB" title="Feja në Kosovë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Feja në Kosovë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vera_na_Kosovu" title="Vera na Kosovu – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vera na Kosovu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83_%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B8" title="Религија на Косову и Метохији – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Религија на Косову и Метохији" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosova%27da_din" title="Kosova'da din – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kosova'da din" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3932326#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Kosovo" title="Category:Kosovo">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kosovo" title="Culture of Kosovo">Culture of Kosovo</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image photo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kosovo_stub.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Kosovo_stub.svg/100px-Kosovo_stub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Kosovo_stub.svg/150px-Kosovo_stub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Kosovo_stub.svg/200px-Kosovo_stub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="817" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Kosovo" title="History of Kosovo">History</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Kosovo">People</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Kosovo">Languages</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Mythology_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mythology of Kosovo">Mythology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage_of_Kosovo#Folklore" title="Cultural heritage of Kosovo">folklore</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Kosovar_cuisine" title="Kosovar cuisine">Cuisine</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Kosovo" title="Public holidays in Kosovo">Festivals</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Religion</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Art_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Art of Kosovo">Art</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Kosovo" title="Literature of Kosovo">Literature</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kosovo" title="Music of Kosovo">Music</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Kosovo">Media</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Kosovo" title="Television in Kosovo">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Kosovo" title="Cinema of Kosovo">Cinema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Kosovo" title="Sport in Kosovo">Sport</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Monuments_of_Kosovo" title="Monuments of Kosovo">Monuments</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Kosovo">Symbols</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kosovo" title="Flag of Kosovo">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Kosovo">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of Kosovo">National anthem</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Kosovo" title="Template:Culture of Kosovo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Kosovo" title="Template talk:Culture of Kosovo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Kosovo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Kosovo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferizaj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Ferizaj.jpg/220px-Ferizaj.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Ferizaj.jpg/330px-Ferizaj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Ferizaj.jpg/440px-Ferizaj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St._Uro%C5%A1_Cathedral,_Ferizaj" title="St. Uroš Cathedral, Ferizaj">St. Uroš Cathedral</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> (right) in <a href="/wiki/Ferizaj" title="Ferizaj">Ferizaj</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Religion in Kosovo</b> is <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">separated from the state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOTR17xk_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOTR17xk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Kosovo" title="Constitution of Kosovo">The country's constitution</a> establishes <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">secular state</a>, that is, neutral in matters of religious beliefs, and where everyone is <a href="/wiki/Equality_before_the_law" title="Equality before the law">equal before the law</a> and is guaranteed <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">freedom of religion</a>, belief, and conscience. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kosovo" title="Demographics of Kosovo">Demographics of Kosovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Kosovo" title="Demographic history of Kosovo">Demographic history of Kosovo</a></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a>'s 2017 <a href="/wiki/International_Religious_Freedom_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="International Religious Freedom Report">International Religious Freedom Report</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ethnicity" title="Ethnicity">ethnicity</a> are often linked.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> The majority of <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Albanians" title="Kosovo Albanians">ethnic Albanians</a> are <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>, while some are <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a>; almost all <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Serbs" title="Kosovo Serbs">ethnic Serbs</a> belong to the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Orthodox">Serbian Orthodox</a> Church (SOC).<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> Most SOC members reside in the six majority ethnic Serb municipalities in the south of the country or in four <a href="/wiki/North_Kosovo" title="North Kosovo">northern</a> Serb-majority municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> The majority of the Muslim population belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Hanafi_Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanafi Sunni">Hanafi Sunni</a> school, although a number follow Sufi or Shia traditions and are part of the <a href="/wiki/Tarikat" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarikat">Tarikat</a> school or the <a href="/wiki/Bektashi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bektashi">Bektashi</a> order.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> Tarikat leaders state that Bektashis are one of nine Tarikat orders, but the Bektashis self-identify as a separate Islamic order.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> The majority of Roma Muslims belong to <a href="/wiki/Sufi_brotherhoods" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi brotherhoods">Sufi brotherhoods</a>, a sizeable number of practising Albanian Muslims also.<sup id="cite_ref-Euobserver_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Euobserver-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though <a href="/wiki/Serb_enclaves_in_Kosovo" title="Serb enclaves in Kosovo">a few enclaves exist elsewhere</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in Kosovo">Catholic Albanian</a> communities are mostly concentrated in <a href="/wiki/Gjakova" title="Gjakova">Gjakova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klina" title="Klina">Klina</a> and a few villages near <a href="/wiki/Peja" title="Peja">Peja</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vitina_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitina (town)">Vitina</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Laramans" title="Laramans">Laramans</a>). Slavic-speaking Catholics usually call themselves <a href="/wiki/Janjevci" title="Janjevci">Janjevci</a> or Kosovan Croats. Slavic-speaking Muslims in the south of Kosovo are known as the <a href="/wiki/Gorani_people" title="Gorani people">Gorani people</a>. </p><p>In 2011, the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Agency_of_Statistics" title="Kosovo Agency of Statistics">first population census</a> after <a href="/wiki/2008_Kosovo_declaration_of_independence" title="2008 Kosovo declaration of independence">Kosovo's independance</a> was largely <a href="/wiki/Boycott" title="Boycott">boycotted</a> by the Serbs, which almost all identify as Serbian Orthodox Christians<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> This left the Serb population underrepresented.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other religious communities, including the Tarikat and Protestant, also contest the census data.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> Protestant leaders and those <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">without a religious affiliation</a> state some members of their communities were classified incorrectly as Muslims by census takers.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> According to the census regulation, census takers did not inquire if citizens are Protestant.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> Census data from 2011 identifies 95.6 percent of the population as Muslim, 2.2 percent as Roman Catholic, and 1.4 percent as Serbian Orthodox.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2017_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> The following "final data" come from the "What is your religion?" part of this census: "Missing" 2495, "Islam" 1663412, "Orthodox" 25837, "Catholic" 38438, "Other Specify" 1188, "No religion" 1242, "Prefer not to answer" 7213, "Skipped" 0.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_Stats_2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_Stats_2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 110">: 110 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Religious_map_of_Kosovo_2011.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Religious_map_of_Kosovo_2011.GIF/220px-Religious_map_of_Kosovo_2011.GIF" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Religious_map_of_Kosovo_2011.GIF/330px-Religious_map_of_Kosovo_2011.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Religious_map_of_Kosovo_2011.GIF/440px-Religious_map_of_Kosovo_2011.GIF 2x" data-file-width="2756" data-file-height="3104" /></a><figcaption>Religious map of Kosovo in 2011 by settlements.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the 2012 <a href="/wiki/European_Social_Survey" title="European Social Survey">European Social Survey</a>, the population of Kosovo was about 88% Muslim, 5.8% Catholic, 2.9% Eastern Orthodox, 2.9% irreligious, 0.1% Protestant and 0.4% another religion.<sup id="cite_ref-SMRE_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMRE-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, according to <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>, Kosovo had 93.8% Muslims and 6.1% Christians (mainly Orthodox but also Catholics and even Protestants).<sup id="cite_ref-SMRE_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMRE-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pew_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remaining 0.1% seem to be mostly the unaffiliated but also the other religions, in particular <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SMRE_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMRE-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pew_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Yellow; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 3978.035783976px; border-left-color:Grey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Grey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Grey"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 475.35631175225px; border-left-color:Orchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Orchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Orchid"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 243.58297171766px; border-left-color:DarkOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DarkOrchid"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 106.48918403248px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in Kosovo (<a href="/wiki/European_Social_Survey" title="European Social Survey">European Social Survey</a> 2012)<sup id="cite_ref-SMRE_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMRE-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> (88%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkOrchid; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> (5.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Orchid; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a> (2.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Grey; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">None</a> (2.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Yellow; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Religious_denomination" title="Religious denomination">Other religion</a> (0.4%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>In 2007, the US International Religious Freedom Report said that "the last credible census was taken in the 1980s", and that the religious demographics had to be estimated.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2007_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Report found that Islam was the predominant faith in Kosovo, "professed by most of the majority ethnic Albanian population, the <a href="/wiki/Bosniaks_in_Kosovo" title="Bosniaks in Kosovo">Bosniak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gorani_people" title="Gorani people">Gorani</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Kosovo" title="Turks in Kosovo">Turkish</a> communities, and some of the <a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Kosovo" title="Romani people in Kosovo">Roma</a>—<a href="/wiki/Ashkali_and_Balkan_Egyptians" title="Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians">Ashkali—Egyptian</a> community". About 100,000–120,000 people were <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a>, and these were largely <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Orthodox">Serbian Orthodox</a>. Approximately 3.4% of ethnic Albanians were Catholics, whereas Protestants comprised a minority of less than 1%. There were only two known families of Jewish origin and no reliable data for <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">atheists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2007_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also likely that there are some Eastern <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Albanians" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Albanians">Orthodox Albanians</a> in Kosovo. However, with current tension between Kosovars and Serbs, they may feel as if they do not want to identify as <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a>, as they may be thought of as "Serbs" because of their Eastern Orthodox status. If so, they are not represented in the census. Furthermore, the report claimed that religion was "not a significant factor in public life. Religious rhetoric was largely absent from public discourse in Muslim communities, mosque attendance was low, and public displays of conservative <a href="/wiki/Islamic_dress" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic dress">Islamic dress</a> and culture were minimal".<sup id="cite_ref-IRFR2007_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRFR2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Kosovo" title="History of Kosovo">History of Kosovo</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christianity">Christianity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Kosovo" title="Christianity in Kosovo">Christianity in Kosovo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patrikana_e_Pej%C3%ABs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Patrikana_e_Pej%C3%ABs.jpg/220px-Patrikana_e_Pej%C3%ABs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Patrikana_e_Pej%C3%ABs.jpg/330px-Patrikana_e_Pej%C3%ABs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Patrikana_e_Pej%C3%ABs.jpg/440px-Patrikana_e_Pej%C3%ABs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Pe%C4%87_(monastery)" title="Patriarchate of Peć (monastery)">Peja</a> was made the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serbian Orthodox Church</a>'s See in 1252.</figcaption></figure> <p>Christianity probably reached Kosovo in the 5th century as the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> gradually split into a <a href="/wiki/Greek_East_and_Latin_West" title="Greek East and Latin West">Greek East and Latin West</a>. Kosovo became part the former, known as the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>, and thus fell into the sphere of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 60–61">: 60–61 </span></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a>, as Byzantine rule in Kosovo gave way to the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a> in the early 13th century, there was an Orthodox Christian majority, but also a Catholic minority consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Italo-Dalmatian_languages" title="Italo-Dalmatian languages">Italo-Dalmatian</a> merchant class from <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa" title="Republic of Ragusa">Ragusa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">German</a> immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>, and probably all of the native <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian population</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 60–61">: 60–61 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Serbian_Orthodoxy">Serbian Orthodoxy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Serbian Orthodoxy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church_in_Kosovo" title="Serbian Orthodox Church in Kosovo">Serbian Orthodox Church in Kosovo</a></div> <p>The presence of Serbian Orthodox bishops in <a href="/wiki/Lipjan" title="Lipjan">Lipjan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a> was first recorded in the 10th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 207">: 207 </span></sup> In 1219, the Serbian Orthodox Church split from the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox Church</a>, and Greek bishops were expelled from Kosovo.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 207">: 207 </span></sup> The See of the Serbian Orthodox Church was moved from <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDi%C4%8Da" title="Žiča">Žiča</a> in present-day <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Peja" title="Peja">Peja</a> in present-day Kosovo in 1252, thus making it the religious and cultural centre of Serbian Orthodoxy. In 1346, the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Patriarchate_of_Pe%C4%87" title="Serbian Patriarchate of Peć">archbishop of Peja</a> assumed the title of <a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">patriarch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 207">: 207 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Catholicism_and_crypto-Catholics">Catholicism and crypto-Catholics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Catholicism and crypto-Catholics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Kosovo" title="Catholic Church in Kosovo">Catholic Church in Kosovo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:34_Prisht%C3%ABn%C3%AB_-_Katedralja.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/34_Prisht%C3%ABn%C3%AB_-_Katedralja.jpg/220px-34_Prisht%C3%ABn%C3%AB_-_Katedralja.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/34_Prisht%C3%ABn%C3%AB_-_Katedralja.jpg/330px-34_Prisht%C3%ABn%C3%AB_-_Katedralja.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/34_Prisht%C3%ABn%C3%AB_-_Katedralja.jpg/440px-34_Prisht%C3%ABn%C3%AB_-_Katedralja.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2835" data-file-height="1890" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Saint_Mother_Teresa" title="Cathedral of Saint Mother Teresa">Cathedral of Saint Mother Teresa</a>, Kosovo's main Roman Catholic church, 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>Kosovo was conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> along with the other <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Serbian_Empire" title="Fall of the Serbian Empire">remnants of the Serbian Empire</a> in the period following the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Battle of Kosovo</a> (1389). Although the Ottomans did not force the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christian population to <a href="/wiki/Conversion_to_Islam" title="Conversion to Islam">convert to Islam</a>, there was strong social pressure (such as not having to pay the <a href="/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">jizya</a>) as well as political expediency to do so, which ethnic Albanians did in far greater numbers (including the entire nobility) than Serbs, Greeks and others in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Catholic Albanians converted to Islam in the 17th and 18th centuries, despite attempts by Catholic clergy to stop them. During the <i>Concilium Albanicum</i>, a meeting of Albanian bishops in 1703, a strict condemnation of conversion – especially for opportunistic reasons such as jizya evasion – was promulgated. Whilst many of these converts stayed <a href="/wiki/Crypto-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Crypto-Catholic">crypto-Catholics</a> to a certain extent, often helped by pragmatic lower clerics – the higher Catholic clergy ordered them to be denied <a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">the sacraments</a> for their heresy.<sup id="cite_ref-Duijzings_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duijzings-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 86–99">: 86–99 </span></sup> Efforts to convert the <a href="/wiki/Laraman" class="mw-redirect" title="Laraman">Laraman</a> community of <a href="/wiki/Vitina" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitina">Letnica</a> back to <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> began in 1837, but the effort was violently suppressed – the local Ottoman governor put Laramans in jail.<sup id="cite_ref-Duijzings_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duijzings-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 92">: 92 </span></sup> After the Ottoman Empire abolished the death penalty for <a href="/wiki/Apostasy_from_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostasy from Islam">apostasy from Islam</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Edict_of_Toleration_(1844)" title="Edict of Toleration (1844)">Edict of Toleration (1844)</a>, several groups of crypto-Catholics in <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peja" title="Peja">Peja</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gjakova" title="Gjakova">Gjakova</a> were recognised as Catholics by the Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Grand_vizier" title="Grand vizier">grand vizier</a> in 1845. When the Laramans of Letnica asked the district governor and judge in <a href="/wiki/Gjilan" title="Gjilan">Gjilan</a> to recognise them as Catholics, they were refused however, and subsequently imprisoned, and then deported to <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Duijzings_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duijzings-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 93">: 93 </span></sup> from where they returned in November 1848 following diplomatic intervention.<sup id="cite_ref-Duijzings_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duijzings-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 94">: 94 </span></sup> In 1856, a further <a href="/wiki/Tanzimat" title="Tanzimat">Tanzimat</a> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Reform_Edict_of_1856" title="Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856">reform</a> improved the situation, and no further serious abuse was reported.<sup id="cite_ref-Duijzings_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duijzings-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 96">: 96 </span></sup> The greater part of converts of Laramans, almost exclusively new-borns, took place between 1872 and 1924.<sup id="cite_ref-Duijzings_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duijzings-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 99">: 99 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Protestantism">Protestantism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Protestantism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Protestant_Evangelical_Church" title="Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church">Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kosovo" title="Islam in Kosovo">Islam in Kosovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Community_of_Kosovo" title="Islamic Community of Kosovo">Islamic Community of Kosovo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosque_of_Sinan_Pasha_in_Prizren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mosque_of_Sinan_Pasha_in_Prizren.jpg/220px-Mosque_of_Sinan_Pasha_in_Prizren.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mosque_of_Sinan_Pasha_in_Prizren.jpg/330px-Mosque_of_Sinan_Pasha_in_Prizren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mosque_of_Sinan_Pasha_in_Prizren.jpg/440px-Mosque_of_Sinan_Pasha_in_Prizren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2183" data-file-height="2728" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sinan_Pasha_Mosque_(Prizren)" title="Sinan Pasha Mosque (Prizren)">Sinan Pasha Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a> was completed in 1615.</figcaption></figure> <p>After victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Battle of Kosovo</a> (1389), the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Islam in the Ottoman Empire">imposed Islamic rule on the region</a>. Conversion was not obligatory, but had several financial, social and political benefits. Until the sixteenth century the degree of Islamisation in Kosovo was minimal, and largely confined to urban centres. The pace of conversions to Islam only increased significantly in the second half of the sixteenth century, possibly because converts thus became exempt from the <i><a href="/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">cizje</a></i>, a tax levied only on non-Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-noel_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noel-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1634, the majority of <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Albanians" title="Kosovo Albanians">Kosovo Albanians</a> had converted to Islam, although a minority remained Catholic.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 130">: 130 </span></sup> Besides the ethnic Albanians, and the ruling <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a> who settled in Kosovo, the <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a> and some part of the Slavic-speaking population (later called the <a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniaks</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gorani_people" title="Gorani people">Gorani</a>, to distinguish them from the Orthodox Serbs) also became Muslims, most of them, by far, <a href="/wiki/Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">Sunni</a>; many of these belong to Sufi brotherhoods, although small a minority of <a href="/wiki/Shia_Muslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia Muslims">Shia Muslims</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="This probably refers to Bektashi, who cannot be called strictly Sunni or Shiite (March 2020)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Religion_in_Kosovo#Dubious" title="Talk:Religion in Kosovo">discuss</a></i>]</sup> formed in the countryside. By the end of the 17th century, the Islamic population started to outnumber the Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 130">: 130 </span></sup> Between 70.6 and 95.6% of Kosovans are <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SMRE_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMRE-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of them are Sunni, many of which belong to <a href="/wiki/Sufi_brotherhoods" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi brotherhoods">Sufi brotherhoods</a>, among which are the <a href="/wiki/Bektashi_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Bektashi Order">Bektashi Order</a>. </p><p>Kosovo is not a <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">member state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Freedom_of_religion">Freedom of religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Freedom of religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Kosovo" title="Secularism in Kosovo">Secularism in Kosovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Kosovo" title="Human rights in Kosovo">Human rights in Kosovo</a></div> <p>In its 2024 <a href="/wiki/Freedom_in_the_World" title="Freedom in the World">Freedom in the World</a> report, <a href="/wiki/Freedom_House" title="Freedom House">Freedom House</a> rated the country 2 out of 4 for religious freedom:<sup id="cite_ref-FreedomintheWorld_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FreedomintheWorld-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>The constitution guarantees religious freedom. However, the Law on Freedom of Religion prevents some religious communities from registering as legal entities, a designation that would allow them to more easily buy and rent property, access burial sites, establish bank accounts, and carry out other administrative activities. Although tensions between Muslims and Orthodox Christians have occasionally flared up in the past, interreligious relations are generally peaceful. In January 2023, the government approved draft legislation amending the law on religious freedom, with the aim of deepening interreligious tolerance.<sup id="cite_ref-FreedomintheWorld_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FreedomintheWorld-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Kosovo is part of the <a href="/wiki/International_Religious_Freedom_or_Belief_Alliance" title="International Religious Freedom or Belief Alliance">International Religious Freedom or Belief Alliance</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Kosovo" title="Christianity in Kosovo">Christianity in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Kosovo" title="Catholic Church in Kosovo">Catholic Church in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Protestant_Evangelical_Church" title="Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church">Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Kosovo" title="History of the Jews in Kosovo">History of the Jews in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church_in_Kosovo" title="Serbian Orthodox Church in Kosovo">Serbian Orthodox Church in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kosovo" title="Islam in Kosovo">Islam in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_Albanian_heritage_in_Kosovo" title="Destruction of Albanian heritage in Kosovo">Destruction of Albanian heritage in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_Serbian_heritage_in_Kosovo" title="Destruction of Serbian heritage in Kosovo">Destruction of Serbian heritage in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Kosovo" title="Secularism in Kosovo">Secularism in Kosovo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Kosovo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOTR17xk-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOTR17xk_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fot.humanists.international/countries/europe-southern-europe/kosovo/">"Kosovo"</a>. <i>The Freedom of Thought Report</i>. <a href="/wiki/Humanists_International" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kosovo+2017+International+Religious+Freedom+Report&rft.pages=15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fdocuments%2Forganization%2F281166.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Euobserver-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Euobserver_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/news/31390">"The influence of Sufi Islam in the Balkans"</a>. <i>Euobserver.com</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/censuskb20/Attachment488.aspx?AttachmentType=1">the original</a> on 18 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Kosovo+Population+and+Housing+Census+2011+%E2%80%93+Final+Results%3A+Quality+Report&rft.pub=United+Nations+Statistics+Division&rft.date=2011&rft.au=EUCP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funstats.un.org%2Funsd%2Fcensuskb20%2FAttachment488.aspx%3FAttachmentType%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMRE-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SMRE_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SMRE_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SMRE_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SMRE_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SMRE_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smre-data.ch/en/data_exploring/region_cockpit#/mode/dataset_comparison/region/-99/period/2010/presentation/table">"Dataset Comparison - Kosovo in Period 2006 - 2015"</a>. <i>Swiss Metadatabase of Religious Affiliation in Europe (SMRE)</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Lucerne" title="University of Lucerne">University of Lucerne</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Swiss+Metadatabase+of+Religious+Affiliation+in+Europe+%28SMRE%29&rft.atitle=Dataset+Comparison+-+Kosovo+in+Period+2006+-+2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smre-data.ch%2Fen%2Fdata_exploring%2Fregion_cockpit%23%2Fmode%2Fdataset_comparison%2Fregion%2F-99%2Fperiod%2F2010%2Fpresentation%2Ftable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pew-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/feature/religious-composition-by-country-2010-2050/">"Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050"</a>. <i>Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>. 21 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew-Templeton+Global+Religious+Futures+Project&rft.atitle=Religious+Composition+by+Country%2C+2010-2050&rft.date=2022-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Freligion%2Ffeature%2Freligious-composition-by-country-2010-2050%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171203015400/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/kosovo/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010">"Religions in Kosovo"</a>. <i>Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/kosovo/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010">the original</a> on 3 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew-Templeton+Global+Religious+Futures+Project&rft.atitle=Religions+in+Kosovo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalreligiousfutures.org%2Fcountries%2Fkosovo%2Freligious_demography%23%2F%3Faffiliations_religion_id%3D0%26affiliations_year%3D2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHackettCoopermanRitchey2015" class="citation web cs1">Hackett, Conrad; Cooperman, Alan; Ritchey, Katherine (2 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/03/PF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf">"The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>. p. 238<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew-Templeton+Global+Religious+Futures+Project&rft.atitle=The+Future+of+World+Religions%3A+Population+Growth+Projections%2C+2010-2050&rft.pages=238&rft.date=2015-04-02&rft.aulast=Hackett&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft.au=Cooperman%2C+Alan&rft.au=Ritchey%2C+Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.pewresearch.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F11%2F2015%2F03%2FPF_15.04.02_ProjectionsFullReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IRFR2007-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IRFR2007_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IRFR2007_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IRFR2007_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2007/90198.htm#kosovo">"Serbia (includes Kosovo)"</a>. <i>International Religious Freedom Report 2017</i>. U.S. Department of State. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2017&rft.atitle=Serbia+%28includes+Kosovo%29&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2009-2017.state.gov%2Fj%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2007%2F90198.htm%23kosovo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elsie-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsie2015" class="citation book cs1">Elsie, Robert (15 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pg-aeA-nUeAC&pg=207"><i>Historical Dictionary of Kosovo</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810874831" title="Special:BookSources/9780810874831"><bdi>9780810874831</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Kosovo&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2015-11-15&rft.isbn=9780810874831&rft.aulast=Elsie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPg-aeA-nUeAC%26pg%3D207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Albanië. §6. Geschiedenis". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Duijzings-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Duijzings_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duijzings_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duijzings_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duijzings_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duijzings_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Duijzings_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuijzings2000" class="citation book cs1">Duijzings, Ger (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aJRYkzl5YC4C"><i>Religion and the Politics of Identity in Kosovo</i></a>. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-431-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-431-5"><bdi>978-1-85065-431-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+and+the+Politics+of+Identity+in+Kosovo&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-85065-431-5&rft.aulast=Duijzings&rft.aufirst=Ger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaJRYkzl5YC4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-noel-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-noel_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalcolm1999" class="citation book cs1">Malcolm, Noel (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kosovo-a-short-history_202104"><i>Kosovo: A short history</i></a></span>. New York: New York University Press. pp. 105–108. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0060977757" title="Special:BookSources/978-0060977757"><bdi>978-0060977757</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kosovo%3A+A+short+history&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=105-108&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0060977757&rft.aulast=Malcolm&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkosovo-a-short-history_202104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FreedomintheWorld-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FreedomintheWorld_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FreedomintheWorld_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomhouse.org/country/kosovo/freedom-world/2024">"Freedom in the World 2024: Kosovo"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Freedom_House" title="Freedom House">Freedom House</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freedom+House&rft.atitle=Freedom+in+the+World+2024%3A+Kosovo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Fcountry%2Fkosovo%2Ffreedom-world%2F2024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Kosovo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kosovo_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kosovo_topics" title="Template:Kosovo topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kosovo_topics" title="Template talk:Kosovo topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kosovo_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kosovo topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kosovo_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kosovo" title="History of Kosovo">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Early history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_Kosovo" title="Archaeology of Kosovo">Archaeology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_sites_in_Kosovo" title="Neolithic sites in Kosovo">Neolithic sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper,_Bronze_and_Iron_Age_sites_in_Kosovo" title="Copper, Bronze and Iron Age sites in Kosovo">Copper, Bronze and Iron Age sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardani" title="Dardani">Dardani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dardania" title="Kingdom of Dardania">Kingdom of Dardania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_heritage_in_Kosovo" title="Roman heritage in Kosovo">Roman period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dardania_(Roman_province)" title="Dardania (Roman province)">Dardania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praevalitana" title="Praevalitana">Praevalitana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Antiquity_and_Medieval_sites_in_Kosovo" title="Late Antiquity and Medieval sites in Kosovo">Late Antiquity and Medieval sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Medieval_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Medieval Kosovo">Medieval period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia_(medieval)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)">Kingdom of Serbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian Despotate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Battle of Kosovo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bal%C5%A1i%C4%87_noble_family" title="Balšić noble family">Balšić noble family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brankovi%C4%87_dynasty" title="Branković dynasty">Branković dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukagjini_family" title="Dukagjini family">Dukagjini family</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Kosovo" title="Ottoman Kosovo">Ottoman period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumelia_Eyalet" title="Rumelia Eyalet">Rumelia Eyalet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Prizren" title="Sanjak of Prizren">Sanjak of Prizren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Dukagjin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanjak of Dukagjin">Sanjak of Dukagjin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Vi%C3%A7itrina" title="Sanjak of Viçitrina">Sanjak of Viçitrina</a>),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo Vilayet">Vilayet of Kosovo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Modern history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Kingdom of Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1939%E2%80%931943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Kingdom (1939–1943)">Albanian Kingdom <span style="font-size:85%;">(1939–1943</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1943%E2%80%931944)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Kingdom (1943–1944)"><span style="font-size:85%;">1943–1944)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Autonomous_Province_of_Kosovo" title="Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo">Socialist Autonomous Province <span style="font-size:85%;">(1946–90)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Kosovo_and_Metohija" title="Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija">Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–present)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Kosova" title="Republic of Kosova">Republic of Kosova <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–1999)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Kosovo_(1995%E2%80%931998)" title="Insurgency in Kosovo (1995–1998)">Insurgency in Kosovo <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995–98)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–99)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Administered_Kosovo" title="United Nations Administered Kosovo">UN administration</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Administration_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo">UNMIK</a>) <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999–2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo <span style="font-size:85%;">(2008–present)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kosovo" title="Geography of Kosovo">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment of Kosovo">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Kosovo" title="Biodiversity of Kosovo">Biodiversity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="List of protected areas of Kosovo">Protected areas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Kosovo" title="Climate of Kosovo">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forests_of_Kosovo" title="Forests of Kosovo">Forests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Landscapes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Kosovo" title="List of lakes of Kosovo">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Kosovo" title="List of mountains in Kosovo">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Kosovo" title="List of rivers of Kosovo">Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Regions of Kosovo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghegs" title="Ghegs">Gegëri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drenica" title="Drenica">Drenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Has_(region)" title="Has (region)">Has</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llap_(region)" title="Llap (region)">Llap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llapusha" title="Llapusha">Llapusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luma_(region)" title="Luma (region)">Luma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugova_(region)" title="Rugova (region)">Rugova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metohija" title="Metohija">Dukagjini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Pomoravlje" title="Kosovo Pomoravlje">Anamorava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Kosovo" title="Politics of Kosovo">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Kosovo_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Kosovo to the European Union">Accession to the EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Kosovo" title="Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo">Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Kosovo" title="Constitution of Kosovo">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Kosovo" title="Administrative divisions of Kosovo">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kosovo" title="Elections in Kosovo">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Rule_of_Law_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo">EU Rule of Law Mission (EULEX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kosovo" title="Foreign relations of Kosovo">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kosovo" title="Government of Kosovo">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kosovo" title="Prime Minister of Kosovo">Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li>Human rights <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Kosovo">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Steering_Group_for_Kosovo" title="International Steering Group for Kosovo">International Steering Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Kosovo" title="Judiciary of Kosovo">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">Kosovo Force (KFOR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Protection_Corps" title="Kosovo Protection Corps">Kosovo Protection Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Kosovo" title="Law of Kosovo">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Security_Force" title="Kosovo Security Force">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Kosovo" title="Municipalities of Kosovo">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Police" title="Kosovo Police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Kosovo" title="List of political parties in Kosovo">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kosovo" title="President of Kosovo">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Institutions_of_Self-Government" title="Provisional Institutions of Self-Government">Provisional institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Administration_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo">UN Interim Administration Mission (UNMIK)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Kosovo" title="Political status of Kosovo">Status</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Kosovo_declaration_of_independence" title="2008 Kosovo declaration of independence">2008 declaration of independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standards_for_Kosovo" title="Standards for Kosovo">Standards for Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_status_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo status process">Status process</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Kosovo" title="Partition of Kosovo">Partition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Albania_and_Kosovo" title="Unification of Albania and Kosovo">Unification with Albania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1244" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244">UN Security Council Resolution 1244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice_advisory_opinion_on_Kosovo%27s_declaration_of_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="International Court of Justice advisory opinion on Kosovo's declaration of independence">ICJ opinion on Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade%E2%80%93Pristina_negotiations" title="Belgrade–Pristina negotiations">Belgrade–Pristina negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_Agreement_(2013)" title="Brussels Agreement (2013)">Brussels Agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kosovo" title="Economy of Kosovo">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Kosovo" title="List of banks in Kosovo">Banks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Kosovo" title="Central Bank of Kosovo">Central Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_and_the_euro" title="Kosovo and the euro">Euro <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_energy_in_Kosovo" title="Electrical energy in Kosovo">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_resources_of_Kosovo" title="Natural resources of Kosovo">Natural resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_and_communications_technology_in_Kosovo" title="Information and communications technology in Kosovo">Telecoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kosovo" title="Transport in Kosovo">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Kosovo" title="Tourism in Kosovo">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Kosovo" title="Category:Society of Kosovo">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Kosovo" title="List of cities and towns in Kosovo">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Kosovo" title="Crime in Kosovo">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kosovo" title="Demographics of Kosovo">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kosovo" title="Education in Kosovo">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emigration_from_Kosovo" title="Emigration from Kosovo">Emigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Kosovo">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Kosovo" title="Healthcare in Kosovo">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monuments_of_Kosovo" title="Monuments of Kosovo">Monuments</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Kosovo" title="Women in Kosovo">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kosovo" title="Culture of Kosovo">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_Kosovo" title="Anthem of the Republic of Kosovo">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Kosovo" title="Architecture of Kosovo">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Kosovo" title="Cinema of Kosovo">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Kosovo">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_clothing_of_Kosovo" title="Traditional clothing of Kosovo">Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kosovo" title="Flag of Kosovo">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Kosovo">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Kosovo" title="Literature of Kosovo">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Kosovo" title="Mass media in Kosovo">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kosovo" title="Music of Kosovo">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Kosovo" title="Names of Kosovo">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_at_the_Olympics" title="Kosovo at the Olympics">Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Kosovo" title="Public holidays in Kosovo">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Kosovo" title="List of radio stations in Kosovo">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Kosovo" title="Sport in Kosovo">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basketball_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Basketball in Kosovo">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Kosovo" title="Football in Kosovo">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Judo in Kosovo">Judo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Kosovo" title="Television in Kosovo">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Kosovo" title="Outline of Kosovo">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kosovo" title="Category:Kosovo">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Religion_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Religion_in_Europe" title="Template:Religion in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Religion_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Religion in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Religion_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Religion in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Europe" title="Religion in Europe">Religion in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Albania" title="Religion in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Andorra" title="Religion in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Armenia" title="Religion in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Austria" title="Religion in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Azerbaijan" title="Religion in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belarus" title="Religion in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belgium" title="Religion in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Croatia" title="Religion in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cyprus" title="Religion in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Religion in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Denmark" title="Religion in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Finland" title="Religion in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Religion in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Germany" title="Religion in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Greece" title="Religion in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iceland" title="Religion in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Religion in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kazakhstan" title="Religion in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Latvia" title="Religion in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Liechtenstein" title="Religion in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lithuania" title="Religion in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Luxembourg" title="Religion in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta" title="Religion in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Moldova" title="Religion in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Montenegro" title="Religion in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Religion in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Macedonia" title="Religion in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Norway" title="Religion in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Portugal" title="Religion in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Russia" title="Religion in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_San_Marino" title="Religion in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Serbia" title="Religion in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovakia" title="Religion in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovenia" title="Religion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Spain" title="Religion in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Switzerland" title="Religion in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Turkey" title="Religion in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ukraine" title="Religion in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Abkhazia" title="Religion in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Religion in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Ossetia" title="Religion in South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Transnistria" title="Religion in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_%C3%85land" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Religion in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Jersey" title="Religion in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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