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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bs.wikipedia.org&uselang=bs" class=""><span>Donacije</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Napravi_ra%C4%8Dun&returnto=Vodena+para" title="Predlažemo vam da napravite račun i prijavite se; međutim, to nije obavezno" class=""><span>Napravi korisnički račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Korisni%C4%8Dka_prijava&returnto=Vodena+para" title="Predlažemo vam da se prijavite, iako to nije obavezno [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijavi 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decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"43\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/60px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/80px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"555\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\"\u003EOd 1. do 30. novembra 2024. učestvujte u projektu \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Azijski_mjesec/2024.\" title=\"Wikipedia:Azijski mjesec/2024.\"\u003E\"Azijski mjesec\"\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sajt"> <div 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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Osobine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osobine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Osobine</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Osobine-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Osobine</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Osobine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isparavanje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isparavanje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Isparavanje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isparavanje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sublimacija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sublimacija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Sublimacija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sublimacija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kondenzacija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kondenzacija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Kondenzacija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kondenzacija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hemijske_reakcije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hemijske_reakcije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Hemijske reakcije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hemijske_reakcije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mjerenja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mjerenja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Mjerenja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mjerenja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Također_pogledajte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Također_pogledajte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Također pogledajte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Također_pogledajte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reference-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Reference</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjski_linkovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vanjski linkovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uključi/isključi sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uključi/isključi sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vodena para</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na članak na drugom jeziku. Dostupno na 83 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterdamp" title="Waterdamp – afrikans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Waterdamp" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserdampf" title="Wasserdampf – njemački (Švicarska)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wasserdampf" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="njemački (Švicarska)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="بخار الماء – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بخار الماء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_d%27agua" title="Vapor d'agua – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vapor d'agua" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juwri" title="Juwri – ajmara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Juwri" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="ajmara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_buxar%C4%B1" title="Su buxarı – azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Su buxarı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Водна пара – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Водна пара" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA" title="जलभाप – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जलभाप" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA" title="জলীয় বাষ্প – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জলীয় বাষ্প" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aezhenn" title="Aezhenn – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aezhenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_d%27aigua" title="Vapor d'aigua – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vapor d'aigua" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%B9_%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%83%E1%8E%B8%E1%8F%93" title="ᎠᎹ ᎤᏔᏃᎸᏓ – čeroki" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᎹ ᎤᏔᏃᎸᏓ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čeroki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ھەڵمی ئاو – centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەڵمی ئاو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodn%C3%AD_p%C3%A1ra" title="Vodní pára – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vodní pára" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D0%B2_%D0%BF%C4%83%D1%81%C4%95" title="Шыв пăсĕ – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шыв пăсĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanddamp" title="Vanddamp – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vanddamp" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserdampf" title="Wasserdampf – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wasserdampf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Υδρατμός – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υδρατμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor" title="Water vapor – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Water vapor" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akvovaporo" title="Akvovaporo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Akvovaporo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_de_agua" title="Vapor de agua – španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vapor de agua" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veeaur" title="Veeaur – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Veeaur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ur_lurrun" title="Ur lurrun – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ur lurrun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%A8" title="بخار آب – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بخار آب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesih%C3%B6yry" title="Vesihöyry – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vesihöyry" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapeur_d%27eau" title="Vapeur d'eau – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vapeur d'eau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galuisce" title="Galuisce – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Galuisce" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_de_auga" title="Vapor de auga – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vapor de auga" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turirin_Ruwa" title="Turirin Ruwa – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Turirin Ruwa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אדי מים – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אדי מים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="जलवाष्प – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जलवाष्प" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodena_para" title="Vodena para – hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vodena para" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%AB" title="Ջրային գոլորշի – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջրային գոլորշի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%AB" title="Շոգի – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Շոգի" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uap_air" title="Uap air – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Uap air" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquovaporo" title="Aquovaporo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aquovaporo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapore_acqueo" title="Vapore acqueo – italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vapore acqueo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%97" title="水蒸気 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="水蒸気" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwab_banyu" title="Uwab banyu – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Uwab banyu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%A6%9D%EA%B8%B0" title="수증기 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수증기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterdamp" title="Waterdamp – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Waterdamp" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanf" title="Tanf – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Tanf" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandens_garai" title="Vandens garai – litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vandens garai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AAdens_tvaiks" title="Ūdens tvaiks – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ūdens tvaiks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0" title="Водена пареа – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Водена пареа" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="അന്തരീക്ഷ ജലകണം – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അന്തരീക്ഷ ജലകണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80" title="Усны уур – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Усны уур" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB" title="वाफ – marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वाफ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wap_air" title="Wap air – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wap air" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapore_acquee" title="Vapore acquee – napolitanski" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Vapore acquee" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waoterdamp" title="Waoterdamp – donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Waoterdamp" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterdamp" title="Waterdamp – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Waterdamp" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="istaknuti članak"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vassdamp" title="Vassdamp – norveški (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vassdamp" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanndamp" title="Vanndamp – norveški (Bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vanndamp" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški (Bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_d%27aiga" title="Vapor d'aiga – oksitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vapor d'aiga" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para_wodna" title="Para wodna – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Para wodna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A8%DA%93%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="د اوبو بړاس – paštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د اوبو بړاس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_de_%C3%A1gua" title="Vapor de água – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vapor de água" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaku_wapsi" title="Yaku wapsi – kečua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yaku wapsi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abur" title="Abur – rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Abur" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aburu" title="Aburu – arumunski" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Aburu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Водяной пар – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Водяной пар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papore_de_abba" title="Papore de abba – sardinijski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Papore de abba" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapuri" title="Vapuri – sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vapuri" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodena_para" title="Vodena para – srpskohrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vodena para" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpskohrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor" title="Water vapor – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Water vapor" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodn%C3%A1_para" title="Vodná para – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vodná para" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodni_hlapi" title="Vodni hlapi – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vodni hlapi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Водена пара – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Водена пара" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saab" title="Saab – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Saab" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatten%C3%A5nga" title="Vattenånga – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vattenånga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3" title="ไอน้ำ – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไอน้ำ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_buhar%C4%B1" title="Su buharı – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Su buharı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Водяна пара – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Водяна пара" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suv_bug%CA%BBi" title="Suv bugʻi – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Suv bugʻi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vezipuru" title="Vezipuru – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vezipuru" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C6%A1i_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Hơi nước – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hơi nước" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%94" title="水蒸气 – Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="水蒸气" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%94" title="水蒸气 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="水蒸气" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3" title="水蒸氣 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="水蒸氣" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BAi-cheng-kh%C3%AC" title="Chúi-cheng-khì – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chúi-cheng-khì" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B1%BD" title="水汽 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="水汽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umhwamuko_wamanzi" title="Umhwamuko wamanzi – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umhwamuko wamanzi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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To je jedno <a href="/wiki/Faza_(materija)" title="Faza (materija)">stanje</a> vode unutar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrosfera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrosfera (stranica ne postoji)">hidrosfere</a>. Vodena <a href="/wiki/Para" title="Para">para</a> može se proizvesti od <a href="/wiki/Isparavanje" title="Isparavanje">isparavanja</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Kuhanje" title="Kuhanje">kuhanja</a> tekuće vode ili iz <a href="/wiki/Sublimacija_(fizika)" title="Sublimacija (fizika)">sublimacije</a> <a href="/wiki/Led" title="Led">leda</a>. Za razliku od drugih oblika vode, vodena para je nevidljiva.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pod tipičnim atmosferskim uslovima, vodena para se neprekidno stvara isparavanjem a ukida <a href="/wiki/Kondenzacija" title="Kondenzacija">kondenzacijom</a>. Manje je gusta od <a href="/wiki/Zrak" title="Zrak">zraka</a> i urokuje <a href="/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija">konvekcijske struje</a> koje formiraju oblake. </p><p>S obzirom na to da je komponenta hidrološkog ciklusa i Zemljine hidrosfere, posebno je obilna u <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_atmosfera" title="Zemljina atmosfera">Zemljinoj atmosferi</a> gdje je također moćan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stakleni%C4%8Dki_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Staklenički gas (stranica ne postoji)">staklenički gas</a> zajedno sa ostalim gasovima poput <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ugljik-diokid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ugljik-diokid (stranica ne postoji)">ugljik-diokida</a> i <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metana</a>. Korištenje vodene pare, kao <a href="/wiki/Para" title="Para">pare</a>, bilo je važno ljudima za kuhanje i kao važna komponenta u sistemima proizvodnje energije i transporta od <a href="/wiki/Industrijska_revolucija" title="Industrijska revolucija">industrijske revolucije</a>. </p><p>Relativno je čest činilac atmosfere, prisutan čak i u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sun%C4%8Deva_atmosfera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunčeva atmosfera (stranica ne postoji)">solarnoj atmosferi</a> kao i na svakoj planeti u <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sistem" title="Sunčev sistem">Sunčevom sistemu</a> i većini astronomskih objekata uključujući <a href="/wiki/Prirodni_satelit" title="Prirodni satelit">prirodne satelite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kometa" title="Kometa">komete</a> i čak velike <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteroid">asteroide</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Osobine">Osobine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak "Osobine"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Osobine"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isparavanje">Isparavanje</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak "Isparavanje"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Isparavanje"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kada vodena molekula napusti površinu i difuzira u okolni gas, kaže se da je <a href="/wiki/Isparavanje" title="Isparavanje">isparila</a>. Svaka vodena molekula koja prelazi između više povezanih (tečnosti) i manje povezanih (para/gas) stanja radi to preko apsorpcije ili puštanja <a href="/wiki/Kineti%C4%8Dka_energija" title="Kinetička energija">kinetičke energije</a>. Mjera transfera ove energije se definira kao toplotna energija i dešava se samo kada postoji razlika u temperaturi molekula vode. Tečna voda koja postane vodena para uzima dio toplote sa sobom, u procesu koji se naziva "hlađenje isparavanjem".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Količina vodene pare u zraku otkriva koliko često molekule će se vratiti na površinu. Kada se desi mrežno isparavanje, tijelo vode će biti podvrgnuto mrežnom hlađenju direktno proporcionalno gubitku vode. </p><p>Isparavanje hlađenjem je ograničeno atmosferskim uslovima. <a href="/wiki/Vla%C5%BEnost" title="Vlažnost">Vlažnost</a> je količina vodene pare u zraku. Sadržaj pare u zraku mjeri se uređajima koji su poznati kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Higrometar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Higrometar (stranica ne postoji)">higrometri</a>. Mjerenja se obično iskazuju kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Specifi%C4%8Dna_vla%C5%BEnost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Specifična vlažnost (stranica ne postoji)">specifična vlažnost</a> ili procenat <a href="/wiki/Relativna_vla%C5%BEnost" title="Relativna vlažnost">relativne vlažnosti</a>. Temperature atmosfere i vodene površine određuju ravnotežu pritiska pare; 100% relativna vlažnost dešava se kada je parcijalni pritisak vodene pare jednak ravnoteži pritiska pare. Ovo stanje se često naziva potpuno zasićenost. Vlažnost ima opseg od 0 grama po metru kubnom u suhom zraku do 30 grama po metru kubnom kada je para zasićena na 30 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>(Također pogledajte Absolute Humidity table)</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3204985/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:349px;max-width:349px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:167px;max-width:167px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Meteorite_Recovery_Antarctica_(retouched).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Meteorite_Recovery_Antarctica_%28retouched%29.jpg/165px-Meteorite_Recovery_Antarctica_%28retouched%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Meteorite_Recovery_Antarctica_%28retouched%29.jpg/248px-Meteorite_Recovery_Antarctica_%28retouched%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Meteorite_Recovery_Antarctica_%28retouched%29.jpg/330px-Meteorite_Recovery_Antarctica_%28retouched%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Oporavak <a href="/wiki/Meteorit" title="Meteorit">meteorita</a> na Antarktici (<a href="/w/index.php?title=ANSMET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ANSMET (stranica ne postoji)">ANSMET</a>)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:178px;max-width:178px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Tightjunction_BBB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Tightjunction_BBB.jpg/176px-Tightjunction_BBB.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Tightjunction_BBB.jpg/264px-Tightjunction_BBB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Tightjunction_BBB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektronski_mikrograf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektronski mikrograf (stranica ne postoji)">Elektronski mikrograf</a> zamrznutih mrlja <a href="/wiki/Kapilar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapilar">kapilarnog</a> tkiva</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sublimacija">Sublimacija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak "Sublimacija"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Sublimacija"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sublimacija_(fizika)" title="Sublimacija (fizika)">Sublimacija</a> je pojava kada molekule vode direktno napuštaju površinu ili led bez prethodnog pretvaranja u tečnu vodu. Sublimacija slovi za sporo zimsko nestajanje leda i snijega na temperaturama preniskim da bi uzrokovale otopljavanje. <a href="/wiki/Antarktika" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarktika">Antarktika</a> pokazuje ovaj efekt na unikatan način jer je dosad kontinent sa najnižim nivoom precipitacije na Zemlji. Kao rezultat, postoje velika područja gdje su <a href="/wiki/Milenij" title="Milenij">milenijski</a> slojevi snijega subliminirali, ostavljajući za sobom razne neisparljive materijale koje su u sebi sadržavali. Ovo je ekstremno važno za određene naučne discipline, dramatičan primjer je kolekcija <a href="/wiki/Meteorit" title="Meteorit">meteorita</a> koji su ostali otkriveni u velikim brojevima i odličnim stanjima očuvanosti. </p><p>Sublimacija je važna u pripremi određenih grupa bioloških specimena za ispitivanje elektronskim mikroskopom. Tipično, specimeni se pripremaju kriofiksacijom i zamrznutim prelomom, nakon čega slomljena površina ima zamrznute mrlje, koje su erodirale utjecajem vakuuma dok ne pokažu zahijevani nivo detalja. Ova tehnika može prikazivati proteinske molekule, strukture <a href="/wiki/Organele" class="mw-redirect" title="Organele">organele</a> i <a href="/wiki/Lipidni_dvosloj" title="Lipidni dvosloj">lipidne dvoslojeve</a> sa veoma malim stepenom distorzije. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kondenzacija">Kondenzacija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak "Kondenzacija"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Kondenzacija"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Above_the_Clouds.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Above_the_Clouds.jpg/200px-Above_the_Clouds.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Above_the_Clouds.jpg/300px-Above_the_Clouds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Above_the_Clouds.jpg/400px-Above_the_Clouds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Oblaci, fomiraju se od kondenzovane vodene pare</figcaption></figure> <p>Vodena para će se samo kondenzirati na drugu površinu ako je ta površina hladnija od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ta%C4%8Dka_kondenzacije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tačka kondenzacije (stranica ne postoji)">tačke kondenzacije</a>, ili kada je pritisak zasićene pare u zraku premašen. Kada vodena para kondenzuje za površinu, mrežno grijanje se dešava na toj površini. Molekule vode dodaju topotnu energiju sa tim. Zauzvrat, temperatura atmosfere blago pada.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U atmosferi, kondenzacija proizvodi oblake, maglu i precipitaciju. Tačka kondenzacije dijela zraka je temperatura na koju se mora ohladiti prije nego vodena prara u zraku počne da se kondenzuje, završivši kao tip vode ili kiše. </p><p>Također, mrežna kondenzacija vodene pare dešava se na površinama gdje je temperatura površine na ili ispod temperature kondenzacije atmosfere. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Depozicija_(meteorologija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Depozicija (meteorologija) (stranica ne postoji)">Depozicija</a> je faza prelaza odvojena od kondenzacije koja dovodi do direktne formacije leda od vodene pare. <a href="/wiki/Mraz" title="Mraz">Mraz</a> i snijeg su primjeri depozicije. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hemijske_reakcije">Hemijske reakcije</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak "Hemijske reakcije"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Hemijske reakcije"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dosta hemijskih reakcija ima vodu kao proizvod. Ako se reakcije dešavaju na temperaturama višim od tačke kondenzacije vanjskog zraka, voda će se formirati kao para i povećati lokalnu vlažnost, ako je ispod tačke kondenzacije, desit će se lokalna kondenzacija. Tipične reakcije koje rezultiraju u formiranju vode su gorenje <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodika</a> ili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrokarbon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrokarbon (stranica ne postoji)">hidrokarbona</a> u zraku ili ostalim smjesama gasa koje uključuju <a href="/wiki/Kisik" title="Kisik">kisik</a>, ili kao rezultat reakcija sa oksidizerima. </p><p>U sličnom stilu ostale hemijske ili fizikalne reakcije mogu se desiti sa prisustvom vodene pare koje pare nove hemikalije kao što su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hr%C4%91a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hrđa (stranica ne postoji)">hrđa</a> na željezu ili čeliku, polimerizacija (određene <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poliuretan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poliuretan (stranica ne postoji)">poliuretanske</a> pjene i cijanoakrilatna ljepila sa izlaganjem atmosferskoj vlažnosti) ili forme koje se mijenjaju poput slučaja gdje anhidrozne hemikalije mogu apsorbovati dovoljno vlage da naprave kristalnu strukturu ili izmijene postojeću, što ponekad dovede do karakteristične promjene u boji koja može biti korištena za mjerenje. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mjerenja">Mjerenja</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak "Mjerenja"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Mjerenja"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mjerenje količine vodene vlage u mediju može se vršiti direktno ili udaljeno sa različitim stepenima tačnosti. Udaljene metode poput <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektromagnetna_apsorpcija_vodom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektromagnetna apsorpcija vodom (stranica ne postoji)">elektromagnetna apsorpcija</a> moguće su sa satelita iznad atmosfere planeta. Direktne metode mogu koristiti elektroničke pretvarače, vlažne termometre ili higroskopske materijale koji mjere promjene u fizičkim osobinama i dimenzijama. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 85%; width: auto; table-layout: fixed;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:12em"> </th> <th>medij </th> <th>opseg temperature (degC) </th> <th>mjerna nesigurnost </th> <th>tipična frekvencija mjerenja </th> <th>cijena sistema </th> <th>bilješke </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">sling psihrometar </th> <td>zrak </td> <td>−10 do 50 </td> <td>niska do umjerena </td> <td>po satu </td> <td>niska </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">spektroskopija zasnovana na satelitima </th> <td>zrak </td> <td>−80 do 60 </td> <td>niska </td> <td> </td> <td>veoma visoka </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">kapacitivni senzor </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td>−40 do 50 </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td>2 do 0,05 Hz </td> <td>srednja </td> <td>skloni da postanu zasićeni / kontaminirani tokom vremena </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">zagrijani kapacitivni senzor </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td>−15 do 50 </td> <td>umjerena do niska </td> <td>2 do 0,05 Hz (zavisi od temperature) </td> <td>srednja do visoka </td> <td>skloni da postanu zasićeni / kontaminirani tokom vremena </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">otporni senzor </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td>−10 do 50 </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td>60 sekundi </td> <td>srednja </td> <td>skloni da budu kontaminirani </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">litij-hlorid ćelija </th> <td>zrak </td> <td>−30 do 50 </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td>neprekidno </td> <td>srednja </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Kobalt(II) hlorid </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td>0 do 50 </td> <td>visoka </td> <td>5 minuta </td> <td>veoma niska </td> <td>često se koristi kao detektor vlažnosti </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">apsorpcijska spektroskopija </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td> </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td> </td> <td>visoka </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">aluminij-oksid </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td> </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td> </td> <td>srednja </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">silicij-oksid </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td> </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td> </td> <td>srednja </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">piezoelektrična sorpcija </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td> </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td> </td> <td>srednja </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">elektrolitik </th> <td>zrak/gasovi </td> <td> </td> <td>umjerena </td> <td> </td> <td>srednja </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">tenzija dlake </th> <td>zrak </td> <td>0 do 40 </td> <td>visoka </td> <td>neprekidno </td> <td>niska do srednja </td> <td>Utiče temperatura na nj. Ugroženi produženim visokim koncentracijama </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">nefelometar </th> <td>zrak/ostali gasovi </td> <td> </td> <td>niska </td> <td> </td> <td>veoma visoka </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Goldbeaterova koža </th> <td>zrak </td> <td>−20 do 30 </td> <td>umjerena (sa korekcijama) </td> <td>sporo, sporije na niskim temperaturama </td> <td>niska </td> <td>ref:WMO Guide do Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation No. 8 2006, (pages 1.12–1) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Liman-alfa </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>visoka frekvencija </td> <td>visoka </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=lyman-alpha-hygrometer1">http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=lyman-alpha-hygrometer1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120315161627/http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=lyman-alpha-hygrometer1">Arhivirano</a> 15. 3. 2012. na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Zahtijeva čestu kalibraciju </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">gravimetrički higrometar </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>veoma niska </td> <td> </td> <td>veoma visoka </td> <td>često pozivan primarni izvor, nacionalni nezavisni standardi razvijeni u SAD, UK, EU & Japanu </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Također_pogledajte"><span id="Tako.C4.91er_pogledajte"></span>Također pogledajte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak "Također pogledajte"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Također pogledajte"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">Voda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Para" title="Para">Para</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak "Reference"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Reference"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3312388">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3303350">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_is_water_vapor.htm">"What is Water Vapor?"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 28. 12 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+Water+Vapor%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatherquestions.com%2FWhat_is_water_vapor.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AVodena+para" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Provjerite vrijednost datuma u parametru: <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomo%C4%87:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomoć:CS1 greške (stranica ne postoji)">pomoć</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchroeder2000">Schroeder (2000)</a>, str. 36</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-53259/climate#292984.hook">"climate - meteorology"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26. 2. 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=climate+-+meteorology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-53259%2Fclimate%23292984.hook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AVodena+para" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tis-gdv.de/tis_e/misc/klima.htm">"Climate/humidity table"</a>. TIS–Transport Information Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 7. 10. 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate%2Fhumidity+table&rft.pub=TIS%E2%80%93Transport+Information+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tis-gdv.de%2Ftis_e%2Fmisc%2Fklima.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AVodena+para" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchroeder2000">Schroeder (2000)</a>, str. 19</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literatura">Literatura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak "Literatura"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Literatura"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3303351">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFCottiniNixonJenningsAnderson2012" class="citation journal cs1">Cottini, V.; Nixon, C. A.; Jennings, D. E.; Anderson, C. M.; Gorius, N.; Bjoraker, G.L.; Coustenis, A.; Teanby, N. A.; Achterberg, R. K.; Bézard, B.; de Kok, R.; Lellouch, E.; Irwin, P. G. J.; Flasar, F. M.; Bampasidis, G. 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(2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nsf.gov/news/newsmedia/goldilocks_planet/goldilocks_paper_gliese581.pdf">"The Lick-Carnegie Exoplanet Survey: a 3.1 <i>M</i><sub>⊕</sub> planet in the habitable zone of the nearby M3V star Gliese 581"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF draft)</span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Astrophysical_Journal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Astrophysical Journal (stranica ne postoji)">The Astrophysical Journal</a></i>. <b>723</b> (1): 954–965. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv_(identifikator)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (identifikator) (stranica ne postoji)">arXiv</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Slobodno dostupno"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1009.5733">1009.5733</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifikator)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ApJ...723..954V">2010ApJ...723..954V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F723%2F1%2F954">10.1088/0004-637X/723/1/954</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Lick-Carnegie+Exoplanet+Survey%3A+a+3.1+M%3Csub%3E%E2%8A%95%3C%2Fsub%3E+planet+in+the+habitable+zone+of+the+nearby+M3V+star+Gliese+581&rft.volume=723&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=954-965&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1009.5733&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F723%2F1%2F954&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010ApJ...723..954V&rft.aulast=Vogt&rft.aufirst=Steven+S.&rft.au=Butler%2C+R.+Paul&rft.au=Rivera%2C+E.+J.&rft.au=Haghighipour%2C+N.&rft.au=Henry%2C+Gregory+W.&rft.au=Williamson%2C+Michael+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsf.gov%2Fnews%2Fnewsmedia%2Fgoldilocks_planet%2Fgoldilocks_paper_gliese581.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AVodena+para" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 održavanje: ref=harv (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:CS1_odr%C5%BEavanje:_ref%3Dharv" title="Kategorija:CS1 održavanje: ref=harv">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3303350"><cite id="CITEREFWeaverRamanathan1995" class="citation journal cs1">Weaver, C. P.; Ramanathan, V. 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Arhivirano s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-ramanathan.ucsd.edu/files/pr63.pdf">originala</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, 9. 10. 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26. 9. 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Deductions+from+a+simple+climate+model%3A+factors+governing+surface+temperature+and+atmospheric+thermal+structure&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=D6&rft.pages=11585-11591&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F95jd00770&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1995JGR...10011585W&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=C.+P.&rft.au=Ramanathan%2C+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-ramanathan.ucsd.edu%2Ffiles%2Fpr63.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%3AVodena+para" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 održavanje: ref=harv (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:CS1_odr%C5%BEavanje:_ref%3Dharv" title="Kategorija:CS1 održavanje: ref=harv">link</a>)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjski_linkovi">Vanjski linkovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak "Vanjski linkovi"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Vanjski linkovi"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021207072027/http://www.nsdl.arm.gov/Library/glossary.shtml">National Science Digital Library – Water Vapor</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencebits.com/exhalecondense">Calculate the condensation of your exhaled breath</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atmos.umd.edu/~stevenb/vapor/">Water Vapor Myths: A Brief Tutorial</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eso.org/gen-fac/pubs/astclim/espas/pwv/mockler.html">AGU Water Vapor in the Climate System – 1995</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090218003456/http://phymetrix.com/Software.htm">Free Windows Program, Water Vapor Pressure Units Conversion Calculator</a> – PhyMetrix</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Voda" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3312386">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-pogledaj"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Voda" title="Šablon:Voda"><abbr title="Pogledaj šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Voda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Voda (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Razgovor o šablonu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Voda&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredi šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Voda" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">Voda</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pregledi</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Outline (stranica ne postoji)">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_vode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model vode (stranica ne postoji)">Model vode</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voda_(molekul)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voda (molekul) (stranica ne postoji)">Voda (molekul)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Water_drop_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Water droplet"><img alt="Water droplet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Water_drop_001.jpg/70px-Water_drop_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Water_drop_001.jpg/105px-Water_drop_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Water_drop_001.jpg/140px-Water_drop_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3714" data-file-height="2475" /></a><figcaption>Water droplet</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Agregatno_stanje" title="Agregatno stanje">Stanje</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Led" title="Led">Čvrsto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">Tečno</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gasovito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Para" title="Para">Para</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oblici</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deuterium-depleted&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deuterium-depleted (stranica ne postoji)">Deuterium-depleted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidronij" title="Hidronij">Hidronij</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polute%C5%A1ka_voda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poluteška voda (stranica ne postoji)">Poluteška</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te%C5%A1ka_voda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teška voda (stranica ne postoji)">Teška</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tricijumska_voda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tricijumska voda (stranica ne postoji)">Tricijumska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Na Zemlji</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrolo%C5%A1ki_cuklus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrološki cuklus (stranica ne postoji)">Ciklus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distribucija_vodnih_resursa_na_Zemlji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distribucija vodnih resursa na Zemlji (stranica ne postoji)">Distribucija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrosfera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrosfera (stranica ne postoji)">Hidrosfera</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Hidrologija" title="Hidrologija">Hidrologija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidrobiologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidrobiologija (stranica ne postoji)">Hidrobiologija</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Porijeklo_vode_na_zemlji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Porijeklo vode na zemlji (stranica ne postoji)">Porijeklo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zaga%C4%91enje_vode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zagađenje vode (stranica ne postoji)">Zagađenje</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodni_resursi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vodni resursi (stranica ne postoji)">Resursi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodosnabdjevanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vodosnabdjevanje (stranica ne postoji)">Vodosnabdjevanje</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Preuzeto iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&oldid=3556975">https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vodena_para&oldid=3556975</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Stakleni%C4%8Dki_plinovi" title="Kategorija:Staklenički plinovi">Staklenički plinovi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Atmosferska_termodinamika" title="Kategorija:Atmosferska termodinamika">Atmosferska termodinamika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Oblici_vode" 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