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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目錄" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="開/收內容一覽" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">開/收內容一覽</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">大馬士革</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="去睇另一種語文嘅文章。有197種語言版本。" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-197" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">197種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimasq" title="Dimasq – 亞齊文" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Dimasq" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亞齊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 阿迪各文" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="阿迪各文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B0%E1%88%9B%E1%88%B5%E1%89%86" title="ደማስቆ – 阿姆哈拉文" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ደማስቆ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%A1s" title="Domás – 阿拉貢文" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Domás" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉貢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 古英文" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasik%E1%BB%8Ds" title="Damasikọs – 奧博洛文" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Damasikọs" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="奧博洛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%95%DC%AA%DC%A1%DC%A3%DC%98%DC%A9" title="ܕܪܡܣܘܩ – 阿拉米文" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܕܪܡܣܘܩ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="阿拉米文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="ديمشق – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ديمشق" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B" title="ডামাস্কাছ – 阿薩姆文" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ডামাস্কাছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿薩姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascu" title="Damascu – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Damascu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Димишкъ – 阿瓦爾文" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Димишкъ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="दमिश्क – 阿瓦文" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="दमिश्क" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99m%C9%99%C5%9Fq" title="Dəməşq – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəməşq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 巴什客爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什客爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 峇里文" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="峇里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskos" title="Damaskos – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Damaskos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damsik" title="Damsik – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Damsik" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damsyik" title="Damsyik – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Damsyik" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="দামেস্ক – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দামেস্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BE%B7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="དྷ་མ་སི་ཁོ་སི། – 藏文" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དྷ་མ་སི་ཁོ་སི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 波士尼亞文" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波士尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasc" title="Damasc – 加泰羅尼亞文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Damasc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰羅尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A2i-m%C4%81-s%C3%A1ik" title="Dâi-mā-sáik – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dâi-mā-sáik" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Димашкъ – 車臣文" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Димашкъ" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="車臣文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 宿霧文" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿霧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دیمەشق – 索拉尼庫爾德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دیمەشق" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="索拉尼庫爾德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dime%C5%9Fq" title="Dimeşq – 克里米亞半島的土耳其文；克里米亞半島的塔塔爾文" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Dimeşq" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亞半島的土耳其文；克里米亞半島的塔塔爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dama%C5%A1ek" title="Damašek – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Damašek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Дамаскъ – 宗教斯拉夫文" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Дамаскъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="宗教斯拉夫文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 楚瓦什文" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eam" title="Şam – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Şam" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8B%DE%A8%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%9D%DE%B0%DE%A4%DE%AA" title="ދިމިޝްޤު – 迪維西文" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ދިމިޝްޤު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪維西文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Δαμασκός – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δαμασκός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasko" title="Damasko – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Damasko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasko" title="Damasko – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Damasko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascu" title="Damascu – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Damascu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskos" title="Damaskos – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Damaskos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damas" title="Damas – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Damas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dam%C3%A2sc" title="Damâsc – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Damâsc" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 北弗里西亞文" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Damaisc" title="An Damaisc – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Damaisc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 蘇格蘭蓋爾文" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭蓋爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 加里西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 吉拉基文" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="吉拉基文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndam%C3%A1ko" title="Ndamáko – 瓜拉尼文" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ndamáko" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8D%89" title="𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍃𐌺𐍉 – 哥德文" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍃𐌺𐍉" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="哥德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 豪撒文" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪撒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamakeko" title="Kamakeko – 夏威夷文" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kamakeko" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A7" title="דמשק – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דמשק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BC" title="दमिश्क़ – 北印度文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दमिश्क़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="北印度文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 上索布文" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damas" title="Damas – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Damas" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaszkusz" title="Damaszkusz – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Damaszkusz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Դամասկոս – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դամասկոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Դամասկոս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Դամասկոս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 國際文" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="國際文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 國際文（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="國際文（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 伊洛闊文" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛闊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 印古什文" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9" title="ダマスカス – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダマスカス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 爪哇文" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D" title="დამასკო – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დამასკო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damashq" title="Damashq – 卡拉卡爾帕克文" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Damashq" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡爾帕克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimecq" title="Dimecq – 卡比爾文" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Dimecq" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡比爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 卡巴爾達文" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="卡巴爾達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamas%C9%A9" title="Tamasɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tamasɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 吉庫尤文" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉庫尤文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಡಮಾಸ್ಕಸ್ – 坎那達文" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಡಮಾಸ್ಕಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="坎那達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%BF%A0%EC%8A%A4" title="다마스쿠스 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="다마스쿠스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eam" title="Şam – 庫爾德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şam" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫爾德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 康瓦耳文" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康瓦耳文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damesek" title="Damesek – 拉迪諾文" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Damesek" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪諾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 盧森堡文" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="盧森堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 列茲干文" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列茲干文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 利古里亞文" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasch" title="Damasch – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Damasch" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damas" title="Damas – 林加拉文" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Damas" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskas" title="Damaskas – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Damaskas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaska" title="Damaska – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Damaska" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8" title="दमासकस – 邁蒂利文" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="दमासकस" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="邁蒂利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 莫克沙文" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask%C3%B4sy" title="Damaskôsy – 馬拉加什文" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Damaskôsy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="馬拉加什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramahiku" title="Ramahiku – 毛利文" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ramahiku" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 米南卡堡文" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南卡堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ദമാസ്കസ് – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദമാസ്കസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8" title="दमास्कस – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दमास्कस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damsyik" title="Damsyik – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Damsyik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasku" title="Damasku – 馬爾他文" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Damasku" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="馬爾他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဒမားစကပ်မြို့ – 緬甸文" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒမားစကပ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="緬甸文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Дамаск ош – 厄爾茲亞文" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Дамаск ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄爾茲亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 低地德文" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8" title="दमास्कस – 尼泊爾文" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="दमास्कस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8" title="दमास्कस – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="दमास्कस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3niy%C4%99%C4%99sh%C3%AD" title="Tóniyęęshí – 納瓦霍文" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tóniyęęshí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="納瓦霍文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 尼揚賈文" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="尼揚賈文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasc" title="Damasc – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Damasc" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%B8" title="ଡାମାସକସ – 歐利亞文" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଡାମାସକସ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="歐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 奧塞提文" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奧塞提文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%95" title="ਦਮਸ਼ਕ – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦਮਸ਼ਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 帕皮阿門托文" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿門托文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasch" title="Damasch – 庇卡底文" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Damasch" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="庇卡底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaszek" title="Damaszek – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Damaszek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasch" title="Damasch – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Damasch" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimashq" title="Dimashq – 蓋楚瓦文" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Dimashq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="蓋楚瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasc" title="Damasc – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Damasc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasche" title="Damasche – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Damasche" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasiko" title="Damasiko – 盧安達文" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Damasiko" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="盧安達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81" title="Дамаскус – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дамаскус" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱰᱟᱢᱟᱥᱠᱚᱥ – 散塔利文" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱰᱟᱢᱟᱥᱠᱚᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="散塔利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 撒丁文" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="撒丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascu" title="Damascu – 西西里文" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Damascu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 蘇格蘭文" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="දමස්කස් – 僧伽羅文" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දමස්කස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 塞內加爾文" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="塞內加爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimishiq" title="Dimishiq – 索馬利文" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dimishiq" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索馬利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasku" title="Damasku – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Damasku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 巽他文" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Damaskus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dameski" title="Dameski – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dameski" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damaszek" title="Damaszek – 西利西亞文" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Damaszek" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="திமிஷ்கு – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திமிஷ்கு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D2%9B" title="Димишқ – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Димишқ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ดามัสกัส – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดามัสกัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 土庫曼文" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土庫曼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99m%C9%99%C5%A1k" title="Dəməšk – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Dəməšk" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eam" title="Şam – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dim%C3%A4%C5%9Fq" title="Dimäşq – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Dimäşq" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask%C9%94s" title="Damaskɔs – 特威文" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Damaskɔs" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="特威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 沃蒂艾克文" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="沃蒂艾克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B4%D9%89%D9%82" title="دەمەشىق – 維吾爾文" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="دەمەشىق" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="維吾爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Дамаск – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дамаск" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82" title="دمشق – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دمشق" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damashq" title="Damashq – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Damashq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasco" title="Damasco – 威尼斯文" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Damasco" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damask" title="Damask – 維普森文" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Damask" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="維普森文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dim%C3%A4jk" title="Dimäjk – 沃拉普克文" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Dimäjk" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damasko" title="Damasko – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Damasko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" title="大马士革 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="大马士革" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D" title="დამასკო – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დამასკო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A7" title="דמשק – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דמשק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A0m%C3%A1sk%C3%B9" title="Dàmáskù – 約魯巴文" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Dàmáskù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="約魯巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" title="大马士革 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大马士革" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" title="大馬士革 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="大馬士革" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Damascus" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3766#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="改跨語言拎" class="wbc-editpage">改拎</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="空間名"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" title="睇吓內容頁[c]" accesskey="c"><span>文章</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" rel="discussion" 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title="所有專門版一覽[q]" accesskey="q"><span>專門版</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9&oldid=2186665" title="呢版呢個修訂嘅永久網址"><span>固定連結</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9&action=info" title="多啲同呢版有拏褦嘅資料"><span>此版明細</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8&page=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9&id=2186665&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="點樣引用呢頁嘅資訊"><span>引用呢篇文</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%25A6%25AC%25E5%25A3%25AB%25E9%259D%25A9"><span>攞短網址</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">閱讀設定</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移去側欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">收埋</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%BA%A7%E6%A8%99%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="地理座標系統">座標</a>：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2121067">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9&params=33_30_47_N_36_17_31_E_region:SY"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°30′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">36°17′31″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.51306°N 36.29194°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.51306; 36.29194</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出自維基百科，自由嘅百科全書</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="yue" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em;width:23em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em; white-space:nowrap"><span class="fn org">大馬士革</span><br /><span class="nickname"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯文文字">دمشق</span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#cddeff; font-weight:bold;"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.7em 0.8em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Damascus_coll.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="由上而下，由左至右烏邁耶大清真寺大馬士革鳥瞰圖  · 卡松山安巴府  · 亞占宮迪基耶清真寺"><img alt="由上而下，由左至右烏邁耶大清真寺大馬士革鳥瞰圖  · 卡松山安巴府  · 亞占宮迪基耶清真寺" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Damascus_coll.jpg/275px-Damascus_coll.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="424" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Damascus_coll.jpg/413px-Damascus_coll.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Damascus_coll.jpg/550px-Damascus_coll.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2874" data-file-height="4436" /></a></span><div><div style="background:#fee8ab;"> <b>由上而下，由左至右</b><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E9%82%81%E8%80%B6%E5%A4%A7%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="烏邁耶大清真寺">烏邁耶大清真寺</a><br />大馬士革鳥瞰圖 <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E6%9D%BE%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡松山 (無呢版)">卡松山</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%B7%B4%E5%BA%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安巴府 (無呢版)">安巴府</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E5%8D%A0%E5%AE%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞占宮 (無呢版)">亞占宮</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%AA%E5%9F%BA%E8%80%B6%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迪基耶清真寺 (無呢版)">迪基耶清真寺</a></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="maptable" style="text-align:center;"><table style="width:100%; background:none;"> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Damascus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="大馬士革官方圖章"><img alt="大馬士革官方圖章" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Damascus.svg/100px-Flag_of_Damascus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Damascus.svg/150px-Flag_of_Damascus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Damascus.svg/200px-Flag_of_Damascus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="901" data-file-height="601" /></a></span><br /><small><b>市徽</b></small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div class="center"><div class="noviewer thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:252px;border:none"><div style="position:relative;width:250px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="大馬士革響亞洲嘅位置"><img alt="大馬士革響亞洲嘅位置" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:39.128%;left:9.139%"><div style="position:absolute;left:-3px;top:-3px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="大馬士革"><img alt="大馬士革" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size:90%;line-height:110%;position:absolute;width:6em;top:-0.75em;left:4px;text-align:left"><span style="padding:1px;float:left">大馬士革</span></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" title="File:Asia laea relief location map.jpg"> </a></div></div></div></div></div><small>大馬士革喺亞洲入面嘅位置</small></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;">國家</th><td style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="敘利亞">敘利亞</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="敘利亞政區">直轄市</a></th><td style="">大馬士革市</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;">面積<span style="font-weight:normal"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"> • <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a></th><td style="">105 平方公里（41 平方英里）</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"> • 市區<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th><td style="">77 平方公里（29.73 平方英里）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;">海拔<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th><td style="">680 米（2,230 英尺）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;">人口<span style="font-weight:normal">（2019年）</span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"> • <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a></th><td style="">2,079,000<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"> • <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%8D%80" title="市區">市區</a><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th><td style="">2,900,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="區域居民稱謂詞" data-lang-code="zh" data-lang-name="中文" data-foreign-title="区域居民称谓词"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E7%A8%B1%E8%AC%82%E8%A9%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="區域居民稱謂詞 (無呢版)">居民稱謂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">中文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E7%A7%B0%E8%B0%93%E8%AF%8D" class="extiw" title="zh:区域居民称谓词"><span lang="zh" dir="auto">区域居民称谓词</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td style=""><span lang="en" title="英文文字"><i>Damascene</i></span><br /><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯文文字">دمشقي</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E5%8D%80" title="時區">時區</a></th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E6%9D%B1%E9%83%A8%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" title="歐洲東部時間">EET</a>（<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"><span style="white-space:nowrap"> • <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E4%BB%A4%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" title="夏令時間">夏令時間</a></span></th><td style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E6%9D%B1%E9%83%A8%E5%A4%8F%E4%BB%A4%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" title="歐洲東部夏令時間">EEST</a>（<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="電話號碼分類">電話區號</a></th><td style="">國家：963<br />城市：11</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8" title="人類發展指數">HDI</a>（2011）</th><td style="">0.709<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – <span style="color:#090;">高</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" style="width: 7em;">網站</th><td style=""><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.damascus.gov.sy/">www<wbr />.damascus<wbr />.gov<wbr />.sy</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Jupiter_temple_in_Damascus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/The_Jupiter_temple_in_Damascus.jpg/220px-The_Jupiter_temple_in_Damascus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/The_Jupiter_temple_in_Damascus.jpg/330px-The_Jupiter_temple_in_Damascus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/The_Jupiter_temple_in_Damascus.jpg/440px-The_Jupiter_temple_in_Damascus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>大馬士革景色</figcaption></figure> <p><b>大馬士革</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%87" title="阿拉伯文">阿拉伯文</a>：<span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><b>دمشق</b></span>‎，又叫<b>大馬色</b>，《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9E%E5%9B%9E%E9%A4%A8%E8%AD%AF%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="回回館譯語 (無呢版)">回回館譯語</a>》稱為<b>敵米石</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）係<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="敘利亞">敘利亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a>，105平方公里大，住164萬人。呢座城市公元<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D9%E5%8D%83%E5%B9%B4" title="前9千年">前9千年</a>已經存在，被認為係全世界最舊而持續有人住嘅城市。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史遺址"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E9.81.BA.E5.9D.80"></span>歷史遺址</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯小節: 歷史遺址"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">内文：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E8%88%8A%E5%9F%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大馬士革舊城 (無呢版)">大馬士革舊城</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damasco_via_rectaHPIM3222.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Damasco_via_rectaHPIM3222.JPG/220px-Damasco_via_rectaHPIM3222.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Damasco_via_rectaHPIM3222.JPG/330px-Damasco_via_rectaHPIM3222.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Damasco_via_rectaHPIM3222.JPG/440px-Damasco_via_rectaHPIM3222.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>典型嘅大馬士革歷史街道</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Al-Hamidiyah_Souq_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Al-Hamidiyah_Souq_02.jpg/220px-Al-Hamidiyah_Souq_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Al-Hamidiyah_Souq_02.jpg/330px-Al-Hamidiyah_Souq_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Al-Hamidiyah_Souq_02.jpg/440px-Al-Hamidiyah_Souq_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>可追溯至<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="奧斯曼帝國">奧斯曼帝國</a>時期嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈米迪亞市場 (無呢版)">哈米迪亞市場</a></figcaption></figure> <p>大馬士革有好多歷史遺址，可以追溯到呢個城市歷史上唔同嘅時期。由於城市喺每次被佔領之後都會不斷擴建，而家已經幾乎無可能發掘所有埋藏喺現代地面以下最多8英尺（約2.4米）深嘅大馬士革遺跡。<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%B9%E6%93%9A" title="Wikipedia:根據">[未記出處或冇根據]</a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E5%9F%8E%E5%A0%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大馬士革城堡 (無呢版)">大馬士革城堡</a>位於舊城西北角。「<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E7%9B%B4%E8%A1%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大馬士革直街 (無呢版)">大馬士革直街</a>」（喺記載<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="保羅">保羅</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%88%E4%BE%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皈依 (無呢版)">皈依</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E5%BE%92%E8%A1%8C%E5%82%B3" title="使徒行傳">使徒行傳</a>9:11中提到）又叫做「<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E8%A1%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="直街 (無呢版)">直街</a>」，係羅馬時期大馬士革嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%9D%B1%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="主要東西街 (無呢版)">主要東西街</a>，全長超過1500米（約4921英尺）。今日，佢包括東門街同梅達特帕夏市場，一個有頂嘅市集。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E9%96%80%E8%A1%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東門街 (無呢版)">東門街</a>有好多小舖，通向古老嘅基督教區<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E6%B9%AF%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E9%96%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖湯瑪斯門 (無呢版)">聖湯瑪斯門</a>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E8%81%96%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%E5%A4%A7%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大馬士革聖喬治大教堂 (無呢版)">大馬士革聖喬治大教堂</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="敘利亞正教會 (無呢版)">敘利亞正教會</a>嘅主教座堂）就喺嗰度。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%85%E9%81%94%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F%E5%B8%82%E9%9B%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梅達特帕夏市集 (無呢版)">梅達特帕夏市集</a>都係大馬士革嘅主要市場，以翻新呢個市集嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="奧斯曼帝國">奧斯曼帝國</a>敘利亞總督<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%85%E9%81%94%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梅達特帕夏 (無呢版)">梅達特帕夏</a>命名。喺東門街盡頭，就會去到<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E6%8B%BF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E4%B9%8B%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞拿尼亞之家 (無呢版)">亞拿尼亞之家</a>，一個地下小教堂，係<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E6%8B%BF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞拿尼亞 (無呢版)">亞拿尼亞</a>屋企嘅地窖。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%80%AD%E9%A6%AC%E4%BA%9E%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="倭馬亞清真寺 (無呢版)">倭馬亞清真寺</a>，又叫大馬士革大清真寺，係世界上最大嘅清真寺之一，亦係伊斯蘭教興起以來最古老嘅持續祈禱場所之一。清真寺入面有個聖壇據講收藏咗<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E6%B4%97%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0" title="施洗約翰">施洗約翰</a>嘅遺體。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E9%99%B5%E5%A2%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩拉丁陵墓 (無呢版)">薩拉丁陵墓</a>就喺清真寺外面嘅花園度。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%8D%A1%E9%9B%85%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="魯卡雅清真寺 (無呢版)">魯卡雅清真寺</a>，即<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%AF%E8%B3%BD%E5%9B%A0%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="侯賽因·本·阿里 (無呢版)">侯賽因·本·阿里</a>最年輕女兒嘅陵墓，都可以喺倭馬亞清真寺附近搵到。古老嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿瑪拉區 (無呢版)">阿瑪拉區</a>都喺呢啲地方嘅步行範圍之內。另一個經常有人去嘅地方係<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E5%AE%B0%E5%A8%9C%E5%8D%9C%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大馬士革宰娜卜清真寺 (無呢版)">大馬士革宰娜卜清真寺</a>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%B0%E5%A8%9C%E5%8D%9C%C2%B7%E8%B3%93%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宰娜卜·賓特·阿里 (無呢版)">宰娜卜·賓特·阿里</a>嘅墓就喺嗰度。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Umayyad_Square,_Damascus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Umayyad_Square%2C_Damascus.jpg/220px-Umayyad_Square%2C_Damascus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Umayyad_Square%2C_Damascus.jpg/330px-Umayyad_Square%2C_Damascus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Umayyad_Square%2C_Damascus.jpg/440px-Umayyad_Square%2C_Damascus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2408" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%80%AD%E9%A6%AC%E4%BA%9E%E5%BB%A3%E5%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="倭馬亞廣場 (無呢版)">倭馬亞廣場</a></figcaption></figure> <p>什葉派、法蒂瑪派同達烏迪‧博赫拉派相信，喺<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡爾巴拉戰役 (無呢版)">卡爾巴拉戰役</a>（公元680年）之後，倭馬亞哈里發葉齊德將侯賽因嘅頭帶到大馬士革，一開始擺喺葉齊德宮殿嘅庭院，而家已經係倭馬亞清真寺建築群嘅一部分。侯賽因家族所有其他倖存成員，連同喺卡爾巴拉陣亡嘅所有其他同伴嘅頭顱，都被帶到大馬士革。呢啲家庭成員被囚禁喺城市郊區（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E9%96%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小門 (無呢版)">小門</a>附近），其他人嘅頭顱就擺喺同一個地方，而家叫做Ru'ûs ash-Shuhadâ-e-Karbala或者ganj-e-sarha-e-shuhada-e-Karbala。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 嗰度有個朝拜方向（禮拜地方）標記，信徒話<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E4%BE%AF%E8%B3%BD%E5%9B%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿里·本·侯賽因 (無呢版)">阿里·本·侯賽因</a>被囚期間就係喺嗰度祈禱。<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%B9%E6%93%9A" title="Wikipedia:根據">[未記出處或冇根據]</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E5%8D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大馬士革猶太區 (無呢版)">大馬士革猶太區</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或者猶太區係最近整修過嘅歷史旅遊勝地，內戰爆發之前好受歐洲人歡迎。<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%B9%E6%93%9A" title="Wikipedia:根據">[未記出處或冇根據]</a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="氣候"><span id=".E6.B0.A3.E5.80.99"></span>氣候</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯小節: 氣候"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>大馬士革屬寒冷<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙漠氣候 (無呢版)">沙漠氣候</a>，夏天乾燥炎熱，濕度比較低。冬天涼爽多雨。降雪好少。由10月到第二年5月，年降雨量得130毫米（5英寸）。 </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:90%; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.2em; auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">大馬士革（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大馬士革國際機場 (無呢版)">大馬士革國際機場</a>）1981–2010氣候平均數據 </th></tr> <tr> <th>月份 </th> <th>1月 </th> <th>2月 </th> <th>3月 </th> <th>4月 </th> <th>5月 </th> <th>6月 </th> <th>7月 </th> <th>8月 </th> <th>9月 </th> <th>10月 </th> <th>11月 </th> <th>12月 </th> <th style="border-left-width:medium">全年 </th></tr> <tr> <th height="16">歷史最高温 °C（°F） </th> <td style="background:#FF5D00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">28.0<br /> (82.4) </td> <td style="background:#FF4100;color:#000000;text-align:center;">32.0<br /> (89.6) </td> <td style="background:#FF2300;color:#000000;text-align:center;">36.4<br /> (97.5) </td> <td style="background:#FF0700;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">40.4<br /> (104.7) </td> <td style="background:#EA0000;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">43.0<br /> (109.4) </td> <td style="background:#B50000;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">46.8<br /> (116.2) </td> <td style="background:#970000;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">49.0<br /> (120.2) </td> <td style="background:#AA0000;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">47.6<br /> (117.7) </td> <td style="background:#CE0000;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">45.0<br /> (113) </td> <td style="background:#FF1200;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">38.8<br /> (101.8) </td> <td style="background:#FF2C00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">35.0<br /> (95) </td> <td style="background:#FF6A00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">26.1<br /> (79) </td> <td style="background:#970000;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">49.0<br /> (120.2) </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">平均高温 °C（°F） </th> <td style="background:#FFC78F;color:#000000;text-align:center;">12.6<br /> (54.7) </td> <td style="background:#FFBA75;color:#000000;text-align:center;">14.5<br /> (58.1) </td> <td style="background:#FF9B37;color:#000000;text-align:center;">19.0<br /> (66.2) </td> <td style="background:#FF7300;color:#000000;text-align:center;">24.7<br /> (76.5) </td> <td style="background:#FF4E00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">30.1<br /> (86.2) </td> <td style="background:#FF2F00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">34.6<br /> (94.3) </td> <td style="background:#FF1F00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">37.0<br /> (98.6) </td> <td style="background:#FF2000;color:#000000;text-align:center;">36.8<br /> (98.2) </td> <td style="background:#FF3400;color:#000000;text-align:center;">33.9<br /> (93) </td> <td style="background:#FF5C00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">28.1<br /> (82.6) </td> <td style="background:#FF9327;color:#000000;text-align:center;">20.1<br /> (68.2) </td> <td style="background:#FFBB77;color:#000000;text-align:center;">14.3<br /> (57.7) </td> <td style="background:#FF6E00;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">25.5<br /> (77.9) </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">每日平均氣温 °C（°F） </th> <td style="background:#FFF3E8;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6.1<br /> (43) </td> <td style="background:#FFE8D2;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7.7<br /> (45.9) </td> <td style="background:#FFCF9F;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11.4<br /> (52.5) </td> <td style="background:#FFAE5D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">16.2<br /> (61.2) </td> <td style="background:#FF8E1E;color:#000000;text-align:center;">20.8<br /> (69.4) </td> <td style="background:#FF7100;color:#000000;text-align:center;">25.0<br /> (77) </td> <td style="background:#FF6100;color:#000000;text-align:center;">27.3<br /> (81.1) </td> <td style="background:#FF6300;color:#000000;text-align:center;">27.0<br /> (80.6) </td> <td style="background:#FF7800;color:#000000;text-align:center;">24.0<br /> (75.2) </td> <td style="background:#FF9B37;color:#000000;text-align:center;">19.0<br /> (66.2) </td> <td style="background:#FFCA96;color:#000000;text-align:center;">12.1<br /> (53.8) </td> <td style="background:#FFEAD5;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7.5<br /> (45.5) </td> <td style="background:#FFA852;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">17.0<br /> (62.6) </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">平均低温 °C（°F） </th> <td style="background:#EAEAFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.7<br /> (33.3) </td> <td style="background:#F0F0FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">1.9<br /> (35.4) </td> <td style="background:#FDFDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4.3<br /> (39.7) </td> <td style="background:#FFE7D0;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7.9<br /> (46.2) </td> <td style="background:#FFCF9F;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11.4<br /> (52.5) </td> <td style="background:#FFB66E;color:#000000;text-align:center;">15.0<br /> (59) </td> <td style="background:#FFA246;color:#000000;text-align:center;">17.9<br /> (64.2) </td> <td style="background:#FFA449;color:#000000;text-align:center;">17.7<br /> (63.9) </td> <td style="background:#FFBA76;color:#000000;text-align:center;">14.4<br /> (57.9) </td> <td style="background:#FFD7AF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10.3<br /> (50.5) </td> <td style="background:#FFFCFA;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4.8<br /> (40.6) </td> <td style="background:#EFEFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">1.7<br /> (35.1) </td> <td style="background:#FFDFC0;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">9.0<br /> (48.2) </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">歷史最低温 °C（°F） </th> <td style="background:#A4A4FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−12.2<br /> (10) </td> <td style="background:#A5A5FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−12<br /> (10) </td> <td style="background:#BBBBFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−8<br /> (18) </td> <td style="background:#BEBEFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−7.5<br /> (18.5) </td> <td style="background:#E9E9FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.6<br /> (33.1) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4.5<br /> (40.1) </td> <td style="background:#FFDFC0;color:#000000;text-align:center;">9.0<br /> (48.2) </td> <td style="background:#FFE2C6;color:#000000;text-align:center;">8.6<br /> (47.5) </td> <td style="background:#F2F2FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">2.1<br /> (35.8) </td> <td style="background:#D6D6FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−3.0<br /> (26.6) </td> <td style="background:#BBBBFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−8<br /> (18) </td> <td style="background:#AFAFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−10.2<br /> (13.6) </td> <td style="background:#A4A4FF;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">−12.2<br /> (10) </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">平均<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%8D%E6%B0%B4" title="降水">降水</a>量 mm（英寸） </th> <td style="background:#D9FFD9;color:#000000;text-align:center;">25<br /> (0.98) </td> <td style="background:#D4FFD4;color:#000000;text-align:center;">26<br /> (1.02) </td> <td style="background:#E1FFE1;color:#000000;text-align:center;">20<br /> (0.79) </td> <td style="background:#F4FFF4;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7<br /> (0.28) </td> <td style="background:#F9FFF9;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4<br /> (0.16) </td> <td style="background:#FDFFFD;color:#000000;text-align:center;">1<br /> (0.04) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0<br /> (0) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0<br /> (0) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0<br /> (0) </td> <td style="background:#F6FFF6;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6<br /> (0.24) </td> <td style="background:#DEFFDE;color:#000000;text-align:center;">21<br /> (0.83) </td> <td style="background:#DFFFDF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">21<br /> (0.83) </td> <td style="background:#EEFFEE;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">131<br /> (5.17) </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">平均降水日數 </th> <td style="background:#9C9CFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">8 </td> <td style="background:#9191FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">8 </td> <td style="background:#B4B4FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="background:#D8D8FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="background:#E6E6FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="background:#FDFDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.1 </td> <td style="background:#FDFDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.1 </td> <td style="background:#FDFDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.1 </td> <td style="background:#FCFCFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.2 </td> <td style="background:#D9D9FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="background:#BFBFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">5 </td> <td style="background:#A8A8FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7 </td> <td style="background:#D2D2FF;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">42.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">平均降雪日數 </th> <td style="background:#F2F2FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="background:#F1F1FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="background:#FDFDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.1 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FCFCFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0.2 </td> <td style="background:#FCFCFF;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">平均<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E6%BF%95%E5%BA%A6" title="相對濕度">相對濕度</a>（%） </th> <td style="background:#0000DB;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">76 </td> <td style="background:#0000F6;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">69 </td> <td style="background:#1D1DFF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">59 </td> <td style="background:#3F3FFF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">50 </td> <td style="background:#5A5AFF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">43 </td> <td style="background:#6262FF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">41 </td> <td style="background:#5656FF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">44 </td> <td style="background:#4747FF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">48 </td> <td style="background:#4B4BFF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">47 </td> <td style="background:#3838FF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">52 </td> <td style="background:#0E0EFF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">63 </td> <td style="background:#0000DF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">75 </td> <td style="background:#2828FF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">56 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">每月平均<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E7%85%A7%E6%99%82%E6%95%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日照時數 (無呢版)">日照時數</a> </th> <td style="background:#CACA00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">164.3 </td> <td style="background:#D8D800;color:#000000;text-align:center;">182.0 </td> <td style="background:#DDDD00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">226.3 </td> <td style="background:#E4E400;color:#000000;text-align:center;">249.0 </td> <td style="background:#F3F317;color:#000000;text-align:center;">322.4 </td> <td style="background:#FEFE31;color:#000000;text-align:center;">357.0 </td> <td style="background:#FDFD2F;color:#000000;text-align:center;">365.8 </td> <td style="background:#FAFA28;color:#000000;text-align:center;">353.4 </td> <td style="background:#F2F214;color:#000000;text-align:center;">306.0 </td> <td style="background:#E6E600;color:#000000;text-align:center;">266.6 </td> <td style="background:#DADA00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">207.0 </td> <td style="background:#CACA00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">164.3 </td> <td style="background:#E7E700;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">3,164.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">每日平均<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E7%85%A7%E6%99%82%E6%95%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日照時數 (無呢版)">日照時數</a> </th> <td style="background:#CBCB00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">5.3 </td> <td style="background:#D8D800;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6.5 </td> <td style="background:#DEDE00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7.3 </td> <td style="background:#E5E500;color:#000000;text-align:center;">8.3 </td> <td style="background:#F4F41A;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10.4 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF34;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11.9 </td> <td style="background:#FEFE32;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11.8 </td> <td style="background:#FBFB2B;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11.4 </td> <td style="background:#F3F316;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10.2 </td> <td style="background:#E7E700;color:#000000;text-align:center;">8.6 </td> <td style="background:#DBDB00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6.9 </td> <td style="background:#CBCB00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">5.3 </td> <td style="background:#E7E700;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">8.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">出處 #1：Pogoda.ru.net<sup id="cite_ref-pogoda_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pogoda-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;">出處 #2：NOAA (日照時間, 1961–1990)<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯小節: 參考"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2020813">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Albaath.news <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albaath.news.sy/user/?act=print&id=811&a=73882">statement by the governor of Damascus, Syria</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110516062342/http://www.albaath.news.sy/user/?act=print&id=811&a=73882">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期2011-05-16. <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:#54595d; font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;">（阿拉伯文）</span>, 2010-04</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2190673">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .references-small,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6>.zit3{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zit3>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zit3>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zit3>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zit3>.zit3{display:inline-flex}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hoi1,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .fan1gaak3,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .saan1,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hoi1,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .fan1gaak3,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .saan1{display:inline-block;width:0;height:0;font-size:0.1px;color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .fan1gaak3{font-size:0.125px}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4+.pin1ming4,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4+.syu1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4+.pin1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4+.syu1ming4,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+.zyun1ming4-b,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4+.zyun1ming4{margin-left:0.0833em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0.05em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0.14em 0 0.05em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0.14em 0 0)}.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf?"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf#"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF?"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF#"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf?"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf#"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF?"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF#"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1{width:unset;font-size:unset}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after{overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0)}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0.14em 0 0 0)}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{transform:rotate(90deg)translate(-0.25em,0.5em)}.mw-parser-output .fan1gaak3+.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0.1em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zi6:after{position:absolute;align-self:baseline;margin-left:-1em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zi6:after{padding-top:1em;content:"﹋"}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zi6:after{content:"︳";transform-origin:bottom left;transform:rotate(90deg)translate(-0.25em,0.35em)}.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zi6:after{padding-top:0.6em;content:"·";width:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .koen1zo2,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4-b .hoi1-adj,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4-b .hoi1-adj{margin-left:-0.4em}.mw-parser-output .koen1jau6,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4-b .saan1-adj,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4-b .saan1-adj{margin-right:-0.4em}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b{white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:0.05em solid currentColor}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+link+.zyun1ming4-b,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+.zyun1ming4-b{margin-left:0.083em}.mw-parser-output .references-small>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .references-small>ul>li{margin-left:3em;text-indent:-3em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFCentral_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_Syria" class="citation web cs1">Central Bureau of Statistics of Syria. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516111057/http://cbssyr.sy/yearbook/abstract2019.rar">"2019 Statistical Abstract (in Arabic)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cbssyr.sy/yearbook/abstract2019.rar">原著</a>喺2021-05-16歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2021-06-30</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2019+Statistical+Abstract+%28in+Arabic%29&rft.au=Central+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+Syria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcbssyr.sy%2Fyearbook%2Fabstract2019.rar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFSub-national_HDI" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sub-national HDI. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/">"Area Database - Global Data Lab"</a>. <i>hdi.globaldatalab.org</i> (英文). 原先內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/">歸檔</a>喺2018-09-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2021-06-30</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hdi.globaldatalab.org&rft.atitle=Area+Database+-+Global+Data+Lab&rft.au=Sub-national+HDI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdi.globaldatalab.org%2Fareadata%2Fshdi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/stream/02076762.cn#page/n6/mode/2up">https://archive.org/stream/02076762.cn#page/n6/mode/2up</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150111000140/http://www.huizucn.org/article-16-2.html"><span class="pin1ming4-b" aria-label="〈存档副本〉"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">〈</span>存</span><span class="zit3">档副本</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">〉</span></span></span></a>。<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huizucn.org/article-16-2.html">原著</a>喺2015年1月11號歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">。喺2015年1月10號搵到</span>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huizucn.org%2Farticle-16-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Linda Kay Davidson and David Martin Gitlitz, Pilgrimage: From the Ganges to Graceland, an Encyclopedia (Santa Barbara CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002), 141–42. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9781576070048" title="Special:書本來源/9781576070048">9781576070048</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.al-islam.org/ziyarat/syria.htm#Damascus">https://www.al-islam.org/ziyarat/syria.htm#Damascus</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011161834/https://www.al-islam.org/ziyarat/syria.htm#Damascus">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期11 October 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpost.com/Magazine/Features/Jewish-Quarter-of-Damascus-blooms-again">"Jewish Quarter of Damascus blooms again"</a>. 5 November 2010. 原先內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316205404/http://www.jpost.com/Magazine/Features/Jewish-Quarter-of-Damascus-blooms-again">歸檔</a>喺16 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2017搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jewish+Quarter+of+Damascus+blooms+again&rft.date=2010-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FMagazine%2FFeatures%2FJewish-Quarter-of-Damascus-blooms-again&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pogoda-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pogoda_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate2/40080.htm">"The Climate of Damascus 1981–2010"</a> (俄文). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). 原先內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517183934/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate2/40080.htm">歸檔</a>喺17 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2017搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Climate+of+Damascus+1981%E2%80%932010&rft.pub=Weather+and+Climate+%28%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pogodaiklimat.ru%2Fclimate2%2F40080.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019065948/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/SY/40080.TXT">"Damascus INTL Climate Normals 1961–1990"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (無呢版)">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/SY/40080.TXT">原著</a>喺2017-10-19歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2017搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Damascus+INTL+Climate+Normals+1961%E2%80%931990&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.atdd.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2FGCOS%2FWMO-Normals%2FTABLES%2FREG_VI%2FSY%2F40080.TXT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="權威控制" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="權威控制" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%8A%E5%A8%81%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="權威控制">權威控制</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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