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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Structuur_van_het_atoom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structuur_van_het_atoom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Structuur van het atoom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structuur_van_het_atoom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kenmerken_van_het_elektron" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kenmerken_van_het_elektron"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kenmerken van het elektron</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kenmerken_van_het_elektron-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elektronen_in_een_atoom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektronen_in_een_atoom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Elektronen in een atoom</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Elektronen_in_een_atoom-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Elektronen in een atoom-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Elektronen_in_een_atoom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spectraallijnen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spectraallijnen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Spectraallijnen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spectraallijnen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elektrische_geleiding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elektrische_geleiding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Elektrische geleiding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elektrische_geleiding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Techniek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Techniek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Techniek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Techniek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Elektron</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 163 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-163" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">163 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3n" title="Electrón – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Electrón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8" title="इलेक्ट्रॉन – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इलेक्ट्रॉन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="إلكترون – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إلكترون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="إليكطرون – Marokkaans Arabisch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إليكطرون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkaans Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8" title="ইলেকট্ৰন – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইলেকট্ৰন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3n" title="Electrón – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Electrón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="الکترون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="الکترون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9ktron" title="Éléktron – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Éléktron" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Beiers" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Beiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alektruons" title="Alektruons – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Alektruons" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Електрон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8" title="इलेक्ट्रॉन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इलेक्ट्रॉन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B2%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%91%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="အီလဲစ်ထရွန် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="အီလဲစ်ထရွန်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8" title="ইলেকট্রন – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইলেকট্রন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Buginees" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3" title="Electró – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Electró" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%AAng-c%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Diêng-cṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Diêng-cṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8E%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%86%D9%86" title="ئێلیکترۆن – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئێلیکترۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ηλεκτρόνιο – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηλεκτρόνιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletr%C3%B2un" title="Eletròun – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Eletròun" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrono" title="Elektrono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elektrono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3n" title="Electrón – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Electrón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroi" title="Elektroi – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elektroi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="الکترون – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الکترون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroni" title="Elektroni – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elektroni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Faeröers" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faeröers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lectron" title="Électron – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Électron" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leictreon" title="Leictreon – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leictreon" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lektron" title="Élektron – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Élektron" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3n" title="Electrón – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Electrón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%88%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A8" title="ઈલેક્ટ્રોન – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઈલેક્ટ્રોન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F" title="אלקטרון – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלקטרון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8" title="इलेक्ट्रॉन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इलेक्ट्रॉन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Fijisch Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fijisch Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektwon" title="Elektwon – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Elektwon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Էլեկտրոն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էլեկտրոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrono" title="Elektrono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Elektrono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafeind" title="Rafeind – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rafeind" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elettrone" title="Elettrone – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elettrone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="電子 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電子" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilekchran" title="Ilekchran – Jamaicaans Creools" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ilekchran" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaicaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/dutydikca_kantu" title="dutydikca kantu – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="dutydikca kantu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88l%C3%A8ktron" title="Èlèktron – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Èlèktron" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ელექტრონი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელექტრონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliktrun" title="Aliktrun – Kabylisch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aliktrun" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabylisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naz%C9%A9y%CA%8A_pe_(%C3%A9lectron)" title="Nazɩyʊ pe (électron) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Nazɩyʊ pe (électron)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರಾನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90" title="전자 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%9B%DB%86%D9%86" title="گرٛۆن – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گرٛۆن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletron" title="Eletron – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Eletron" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elettron" title="Elettron – Ligurisch" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Elettron" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elettron" title="Elettron – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Elettron" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%C3%A9ktron" title="Eléktron – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Eléktron" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%87" title="ເອເລັກຕຣົງ – Laotiaans" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເອເລັກຕຣົງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronas" title="Elektronas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Elektronas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrons" title="Elektrons – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Elektrons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektr%C3%B4na" title="Elektrôna – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Elektrôna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Електрон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA" title="ഇലക്ട്രോൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇലക്ട്രോൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%82" title="विजाणू – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विजाणू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elettron" title="Elettron – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Elettron" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%91%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="အီလက်ထရွန် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အီလက်ထရွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="इलेक्ट्रोन – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इलेक्ट्रोन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="इलेक्ट्रोन – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इलेक्ट्रोन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrone" title="Elektrone – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Elektrone" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektiroonii" title="Elektiroonii – Afaan Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Elektiroonii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Afaan Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%A8" title="ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82" title="ਬਿਜਲਾਣੂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਜਲਾਣੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletron" title="Eletron – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Eletron" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="الیکٹران – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="الیکٹران" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84%DB%90%DA%A9%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="اېلېکټرون – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اېلېکټرون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%C3%A9tron" title="Elétron – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elétron" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilikturun" title="Ilikturun – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ilikturun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Електрон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%83" title="विद्युदणुः – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विद्युदणुः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletrone" title="Eletrone – Sardijns" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Eletrone" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardijns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elettr%C3%B9ni" title="Elettrùni – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Elettrùni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%88" title="برقيو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="برقيو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ඉලෙක්ට්‍රෝනය – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉලෙක්ට්‍රෝනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektr%C3%B3n" title="Elektrón – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Elektrón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2" title="الیکٹرانز – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="الیکٹرانز" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mhodzigetsi" title="Mhodzigetsi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mhodzigetsi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektaroon" title="Elektaroon – Somalisch" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Elektaroon" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroni" title="Elektroni – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Elektroni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Електрон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Saterfries" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9ktron" title="Éléktron – Soendanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Éléktron" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Soendanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroni" title="Elektroni – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Elektroni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="எதிர்மின்னி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எதிர்மின்னி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఎలక్ట్రాన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎలక్ట్రాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="อิเล็กตรอน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิเล็กตรอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Електрон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C%DB%81" title="برقیہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="برقیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%82etron" title="Ełetron – Venetiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ełetron" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron – West-Vlaams" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Elektron" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West-Vlaams" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" title="Electron – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Electron" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mb%C3%ABjfepp" title="Mbëjfepp – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Mbëjfepp" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон – Kalmuks" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Электрон" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ii-electrons" title="Ii-electrons – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ii-electrons" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9F" title="עלעקטראן – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עלעקטראן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%80l%E1%BA%B9%CC%81ktr%E1%BB%8D%CC%81n%C3%B9" title="Ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-woordenboek" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="tpl_Woordenboek"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/elektron" title="Zoek dit woord op in WikiWoordenboek"><img alt="Zoek dit woord op in WikiWoordenboek" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><div id="sjabloon_zie" class="hatnote" style="padding:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span style="padding-right:0.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/25px-Disambig-dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/38px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/50px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="340" /></span></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Elektron_(doorverwijspagina)" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektron (doorverwijspagina)">Elektron (doorverwijspagina)</a> voor andere betekenissen van Elektron.</i> </div> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DEDEE2; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Elektron </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles-nl.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Elektron" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles-nl.png/266px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles-nl.png" decoding="async" width="266" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles-nl.png/399px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles-nl.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles-nl.png/532px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles-nl.png 2x" data-file-width="5792" data-file-height="5542" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Samenstelling </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Elementair_deeltje" title="Elementair deeltje">Elementair deeltje</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Generatie </th> <td colspan="2">Eerste </td></tr> <tr> <th>Interactiekrachten </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Zwakke_kernkracht" title="Zwakke kernkracht">zwakke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetische_kracht" title="Elektromagnetische kracht">elektromagnetische kracht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zwaartekracht" title="Zwaartekracht">gravitatiekracht</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Symbool </th> <td colspan="2">e<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Ontdekt </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Joseph John Thomson</a> (1897) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Massa </th> <td colspan="2">9,109 383 56(11) × 10<sup>−31</sup> kg = 0,510 998 950 <a href="/wiki/Elektronvolt" title="Elektronvolt">MeV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lichtsnelheid" title="Lichtsnelheid">c</a>² </td></tr> <tr> <th>Vervalt naar </th> <td colspan="2">stabiel </td></tr> <tr> <th>Elektrische lading </th> <td colspan="2">−1 <a href="/wiki/Elementaire_lading" title="Elementaire lading">e</a> (= −1,6022 × 10<sup>−19</sup> <a href="/wiki/Coulomb_(eenheid)" title="Coulomb (eenheid)">C</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Spin </th> <td colspan="2">1/2 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Het <b>elektron</b> (<a href="/wiki/Oudgrieks" title="Oudgrieks">Oudgrieks</a>: <span lang="grc" title="Oudgrieks">ἤλεκτρον</span>, betekenis: <a href="/wiki/Barnsteen" title="Barnsteen">barnsteen</a> dat door <a href="/wiki/Wrijving" title="Wrijving">wrijving</a> <a href="/wiki/Elektrische_lading" title="Elektrische lading">elektrisch geladen</a> werd) is een negatief geladen <a href="/wiki/Elementair_deeltje" title="Elementair deeltje">elementair deeltje</a>, dat gebonden kan zijn, bijvoorbeeld in een <a href="/wiki/Atoom_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atoom (hoofdbetekenis)">atoom</a>, of zich vrij in de ruimte kan bevinden. De ontdekking van het elektron in 1897 wordt toegeschreven aan <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Joseph John Thomson</a>. </p><p>Het elektron behoort tot de klasse der <a href="/wiki/Lepton_(subatomair_deeltje)" title="Lepton (subatomair deeltje)">leptonen</a> en daarmee tot de eerste <a href="/wiki/Generaties_van_de_materie" title="Generaties van de materie">generatie materie</a>. Deze deeltjes zijn stabiel. Als een elektron zich in een <a href="/wiki/Elektrisch_veld" title="Elektrisch veld">elektrisch veld</a> bevindt ondervindt het, net als een <a href="/wiki/Ion_(deeltje)" title="Ion (deeltje)">ion</a>, daarvan invloed. Als het zich in een <a href="/wiki/Magnetisch_veld" title="Magnetisch veld">magnetisch veld</a> voortbeweegt, ondervindt het de <a href="/wiki/Lorentzkracht" title="Lorentzkracht">lorentzkracht</a>. De <a href="/wiki/Hypothese_van_De_Broglie" title="Hypothese van De Broglie">hypothese van De Broglie</a>, dat alle materie het karakter van een <a href="/wiki/Golf_(natuurkunde)" title="Golf (natuurkunde)">golf</a> heeft waarvan de <a href="/wiki/Golflengte" title="Golflengte">golflengte</a> afhangt van de <a href="/wiki/Massa_(natuurkunde)" title="Massa (natuurkunde)">massa</a> en de snelheid van het deeltje, geldt ook voor het elektron. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structuur_van_het_atoom">Structuur van het atoom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Structuur van het atoom" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Structuur van het atoom"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Atoom_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Atoom (hoofdbetekenis)">Atomen</a> bestaan volgens het <a href="/wiki/Atoommodel_van_Rutherford" title="Atoommodel van Rutherford">atoommodel van Rutherford</a> uit een positief geladen <a href="/wiki/Atoomkern" title="Atoomkern">atoomkern</a>, waar evenveel negatief geladen elektronen omheen draaien als er positief geladen <a href="/wiki/Proton_(deeltje)" title="Proton (deeltje)">protonen</a> zijn in de kern. <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Rutherford</a> publiceerde zijn model in 1911. De protonen en <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutronen</a> in de kern van het atoom bevatten vrijwel de gehele massa van het atoom. Ze zijn ruim 1800 maal zo zwaar als een elektron, of specifieker: de protonmassa is 1836,15 maal de elektronmassa en de neutronmassa is 1838,68 maal de elektronmassa.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Bohr</a> paste in 1913 het atoommodel van Rutherford aan door kwantiseringen in te invoeren, die op de theorie van Planck over de kwantisering van straling zijn gebaseerd. Dat gaf het <a href="/wiki/Atoommodel_van_Bohr" title="Atoommodel van Bohr">atoommodel van Bohr</a>. Het verschil is dat de elektronen volgens het atoommodel van Bohr in <a href="/wiki/Elektronenschil" title="Elektronenschil">schillen</a> liggen en daarbinnen op verschillende energieniveaus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kenmerken_van_het_elektron">Kenmerken van het elektron</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Kenmerken van het elektron" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Kenmerken van het elektron"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het elektron is een <a href="/wiki/Elementair_deeltje" title="Elementair deeltje">elementair deeltje</a> met <a href="/wiki/Spin_(kwantummechanica)" title="Spin (kwantummechanica)">spin</a> 1/2, dus een <a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermion</a>, zoals het proton, het neutron en het <a href="/wiki/Positron" title="Positron">positron</a>. Het <a href="/wiki/Antimaterie" title="Antimaterie">antideeltje</a> van het elektron heet positron. Voor zover men weet heeft het elektron geen verdere inwendige structuur. Volgens de <a href="/wiki/Snaartheorie" title="Snaartheorie">snaartheorie</a> is het elektron, evenals andere elementaire deeltjes, een bepaald trillingspatroon in een eendimensionale snaar. Over deze theorie is echter nog veel discussie. </p><p>Het elektron heeft een negatieve lading gelijk aan het <a href="/wiki/Elementaire_lading" title="Elementaire lading">elementaire ladingskwantum</a> e (1,6022 × 10<sup>−19</sup> <a href="/wiki/Coulomb_(eenheid)" title="Coulomb (eenheid)">coulomb</a>), voor het eerst gemeten door <a href="/wiki/Robert_Millikan" title="Robert Millikan">Robert Millikan</a> met zijn <a href="/wiki/Proef_van_Millikan" title="Proef van Millikan">oliedruppelexperiment</a>. </p><p>Volgens het <a href="/wiki/Standaardmodel_van_de_deeltjesfysica" title="Standaardmodel van de deeltjesfysica">standaardmodel van de deeltjesfysica</a> kunnen elektrische ladingen alleen voorkomen in veelvouden van 1 e. </p><p>De <a href="/wiki/Rustmassa" title="Rustmassa">rustmassa</a> van het elektron bedraagt 9,10938356(11) × 10<sup>−31</sup> kg<sup id="cite_ref-nist_codata_me_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nist_codata_me-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, wat 1/1836e is van de massa van een proton en overeenkomt met een rustenergie van 511 keV. Het elektron heeft overigens net als een <a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a> ook golfeigenschappen en is onderhevig aan de <a href="/wiki/Dualiteit_van_golven_en_deeltjes" title="Dualiteit van golven en deeltjes">dualiteit van golven en deeltjes</a> volgens de <a href="/wiki/Hypothese_van_De_Broglie" title="Hypothese van De Broglie">hypothese van De Broglie</a>. Deze golfeigenschap van elektronen wordt toegepast binnen de <a href="/wiki/Elektronenmicroscoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronenmicroscoop">elektronenmicroscoop</a>. </p><p>De <a href="/wiki/Elektronenconfiguratie" title="Elektronenconfiguratie">elektronenconfiguratie</a> bepaalt in hoge mate het chemisch gedrag van het atoom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elektronen_in_een_atoom">Elektronen in een atoom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Elektronen in een atoom" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Elektronen in een atoom"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De elektronen kunnen in een atoom alleen welbepaalde energieën <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E_{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E_{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ad6b82f2a00af6c9efd4c16d4e99329605645c0c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.934ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E_{n}}"></span> hebben (discrete <a href="/wiki/Atoommodel_van_Bohr#Energieniveaus" title="Atoommodel van Bohr">energieniveaus</a>) die door een <a href="/wiki/Kwantumgetal" title="Kwantumgetal">kwantumgetal</a> zijn gegeven. </p><p>Voor waterstof (met <a href="/wiki/Atoomnummer" title="Atoomnummer">atoomnummer</a> 1) en helium (atoomnummer 2) komt <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d9ec7e1edc2e6d98f5aec2a39ae5f1c99d1e1425" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.656ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=1}"></span> overeen met de grondtoestand en <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=2,3,..}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=2,3,..}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d176c962b08fa27c401aeb8991b2af394f2b097f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.567ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=2,3,..}"></span> met <a href="/wiki/Aangeslagen_toestand" title="Aangeslagen toestand">aangeslagen toestanden</a>. De elektronen zijn verdeeld over enkele <a href="/wiki/Atoommodel_van_Bohr#Schillen" title="Atoommodel van Bohr">schillen</a>. Bij de elementen met atoomnummers 3 tot en met 10 (lithium tot en met neon) bevinden zich twee elektronen in de binnenste schil (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d9ec7e1edc2e6d98f5aec2a39ae5f1c99d1e1425" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.656ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=1}"></span> in het kwantummechanische model van het atoom, de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>K</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2b76fce82a62ed5461908f0dc8f037de4e3686b0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.066ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K}"></span>-schil in het Bohr-model) en één tot en met acht elektronen in de daaropvolgende schil (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=2}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=2}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a02c8bd752d2cc859747ca1f3a508281bdbc3b34" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.656ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=2}"></span>, de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/103168b86f781fe6e9a4a87b8ea1cebe0ad4ede8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.583ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L}"></span>-schil) die voor deze elementen de buitenste elektronenschil is. De grondtoestanden komen voor deze elementen overeen met hoofdkwantumgetal <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=2}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=2}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a02c8bd752d2cc859747ca1f3a508281bdbc3b34" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.656ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=2}"></span>, de aangeslagen toestanden met <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=3,4,..}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=3,4,..}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e909a62d447e4bae622f65a5764c85cf89c79cb8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.567ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=3,4,..}"></span>. </p><p>Binnen moleculen of vaste stoffen kunnen de energieniveaus zeer dicht tegen elkaar liggen en ze vormen dan gezamenlijk een <a href="/wiki/Halfgeleider_(vastestoffysica)#Valentieband,_geleidingsband" title="Halfgeleider (vastestoffysica)">energieband</a>. Het hoogste bezette energieniveau behorende bij een vaste stof heet de <a href="/wiki/Halfgeleider_(vastestoffysica)#Valentieband,_geleidingsband" title="Halfgeleider (vastestoffysica)">valentieband</a>, het laagste niet bezette energieniveau de geleidingsband en de ruimte tussen de geleidingsband en de valentieband is een verboden zone, de <a href="/wiki/Band_gap" class="mw-redirect" title="Band gap">band gap</a>. Bij <a href="/wiki/Halfgeleider_(vastestoffysica)" title="Halfgeleider (vastestoffysica)">halfgeleiders</a> is de grootte van de verboden zone van dezelfde orde als de thermische energie. Hierdoor is het voor elektronen soms mogelijk om over te springen van de valentieband naar de geleidingsband, waardoor deze materialen in zuivere vorm een zeer kleine geleiding vertonen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spectraallijnen">Spectraallijnen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Spectraallijnen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Spectraallijnen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Spectraallijn" title="Spectraallijn">Spectraallijn</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Omdat een elektron in het atoom alleen bepaalde discrete energieniveaus kan hebben, zal bij overgang tussen deze energieniveaus emissie of absorptie van fotonen plaatsvinden, waarbij de energie recht evenredig is met de frequentie. De evenredigheidsconstante energie/frequentie heet de <a href="/wiki/Constante_van_Planck" title="Constante van Planck">constante van Planck</a>. Er wordt van dit effect bijvoorbeeld gebruik gemaakt door aan de hand van de <a href="/wiki/Spectraallijn" title="Spectraallijn">spectraallijnen</a> in het atoomspectrum van een ster te bepalen welke <a href="/wiki/Chemisch_element" title="Chemisch element">elementen</a> er in die ster voorkomen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elektrische_geleiding">Elektrische geleiding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Elektrische geleiding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Elektrische geleiding"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Elektrische_geleiding" title="Elektrische geleiding">Elektrische geleiding</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Geleider" title="Geleider">geleiders</a> zorgen de zich vrij bewegende elektronen voor de <a href="/wiki/Elektrische_geleiding" title="Elektrische geleiding">elektrische geleiding</a>. Wanneer de elektronen in de geleider, bijvoorbeeld een koperen draad, gemiddeld gezien een bepaalde richting opgaan, spreekt men van elektrische stroom in die geleider. </p><p>Geleider en <a href="/wiki/Isolator" title="Isolator">isolator</a> zijn elkaars tegenovergestelde. Een isolator is een stof waarin geen elektrische stroom kan lopen, er zijn in een isolator geen vrije elektronen. De bewegingen van de elektronen zijn beperkt in hun atoom. Er zijn evenveel elektronen als energieniveaus. De elektronen kunnen alleen maar van plaats verwisselen, maar daarbij verandert er niets aan de energieniveaus. In een elektrisch veld verschuiven de positief geladen atoomkern en de banen van de negatief geladen elektronen zich ten opzichte van elkaar, dat effect heet <a href="/wiki/Polarisatie_(natuurkunde)" title="Polarisatie (natuurkunde)">polarisatie</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Statische_elektriciteit" title="Statische elektriciteit">Statische elektriciteit</a> ontstaat wanneer een voorwerp meer of minder elektronen bevat dan nodig zijn om de positieve lading van de protonen in de kern op te heffen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Techniek">Techniek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Techniek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektron&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Techniek"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De eerste <a href="/wiki/Elektronenbuis" title="Elektronenbuis">elektronenbuizen</a>, de eerste <a href="/wiki/Elektrotechniek" title="Elektrotechniek">elektronische</a> schakelingen werden aan het einde van de <a href="/wiki/19e_eeuw" title="19e eeuw">19e</a> en het begin van de <a href="/wiki/20e_eeuw" title="20e eeuw">20e eeuw</a> gebouwd. </p><p>Elektronen spelen een belangrijke rol in de verschillende mogelijke <a href="/wiki/Kernreactie" title="Kernreactie">kernreacties</a>. Zij komen bij <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A8taverval" title="Bètaverval">bètaverval</a> en bij <a href="/wiki/Elektronenvangst" title="Elektronenvangst">elektronenvangst</a> als bestanddeel in de reactie voor. </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div></div> <dl><dt>voetnoten</dt></dl> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps">David Griffiths</span>.  (1987). GEEN TITEL OPGEGEVEN Introduction to Elementary Particles.  –   Harper and Row Publishers  </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nist_codata_me-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nist_codata_me_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?me">CODATA Value: electron mass</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Standards_and_Technology" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology">National Institute of Standards and Technology</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190807065145/https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?me">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-08-07">7 augustus 2019</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-03-23">23 maart 2019</span>. </span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>websites</dt></dl> <ul><li>C Beenakker voor de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_Leiden" title="Universiteit Leiden">Universiteit Leiden</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilorentz.org/EM2/artikelen/thomson.html">De ontdekking van het elektron</a>, december 1998.</li></ul> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Electrons#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Electrons">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Electrons#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Electrons">Electrons</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid 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.navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Fysische_deeltjes"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_fysische_deeltjes" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie fysische deeltjes"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span class="ui-state-disabled" 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height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Fysische_deeltjes" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Deeltjesfysica" title="Deeltjesfysica">Fysische deeltjes</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Atoom" title="Atoom">atomaire deeltjes</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Molecuul" title="Molecuul">molecuul</a> · <a href="/wiki/Atoom" title="Atoom">atoom</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ion_(deeltje)" title="Ion (deeltje)">ion</a> (kation · anion)</td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Subatomair_deeltje" title="Subatomair deeltje">subatomaire deeltjes</a>:</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Atoomkern" title="Atoomkern">atoomkern</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermionen</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><b><a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quarks</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Upquark" title="Upquark">upquark</a> · <a href="/wiki/Downquark" title="Downquark">downquark</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charmquark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charmquark (de pagina bestaat niet)">charmquark</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strangequark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strangequark (de pagina bestaat niet)">strangequark</a> · <a href="/wiki/Topquark" title="Topquark">topquark</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bottomquark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bottomquark (de pagina bestaat niet)">bottomquark</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"></td><td class="rechts"><b><a href="/wiki/Lepton_(subatomair_deeltje)" title="Lepton (subatomair deeltje)">leptonen</a>:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">elektron</a> · <a href="/wiki/Positron" title="Positron">positron</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">neutrino</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elektron-neutrino" title="Elektron-neutrino">elektron-neutrino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Muon-neutrino" title="Muon-neutrino">muon-neutrino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tau-neutrino" title="Tau-neutrino">tau-neutrino</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Antineutrino" title="Antineutrino">antineutrino</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elektron-antineutrino" title="Elektron-antineutrino">elektron-antineutrino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Muon-antineutrino" title="Muon-antineutrino">muon-antineutrino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tau-antineutrino" title="Tau-antineutrino">tau-antineutrino</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Muon" title="Muon">muon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antimuon" title="Antimuon">antimuon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tau_(lepton)" title="Tau (lepton)">tau</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antitau" title="Antitau">antitau</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Boson_(deeltje)" title="Boson (deeltje)">bosonen</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluon</a> · <a href="/wiki/W-boson" title="W-boson">W-boson</a> · <a href="/wiki/Z-boson" title="Z-boson">Z-boson</a> · <a href="/wiki/Higgsboson" title="Higgsboson">higgsboson</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Hadron" title="Hadron">hadronen</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><b><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">baryonen</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Nucleon" title="Nucleon">nucleon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Proton_(deeltje)" title="Proton (deeltje)">proton</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antiproton" title="Antiproton">antiproton</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutron</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antineutron" title="Antineutron">antineutron</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Hyperon" title="Hyperon">hyperon</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"></td><td class="rechts"><b><a href="/wiki/Meson" title="Meson">mesonen</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Kaon" title="Kaon">kaon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pion_(natuurkunde)" title="Pion (natuurkunde)">pion</a> · <a href="/wiki/J/%CF%88-meson" title="J/ψ-meson">J/ψ-meson</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"></td><td class="rechts"><b>andere:</b> <a href="/wiki/Tetraquark" title="Tetraquark">tetraquark</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pentaquark" title="Pentaquark">pentaquark</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Hypothese" title="Hypothese">hypothetisch</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Graviton" title="Graviton">graviton</a> · <a href="/wiki/Majorana-deeltje" title="Majorana-deeltje">Majorana-deeltje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neutralino" title="Neutralino">neutralino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oh-my-God-deeltje" title="Oh-my-God-deeltje">oh-my-God-deeltje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Planckdeeltje" title="Planckdeeltje">planckdeeltje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Preon" title="Preon">preon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tachyon" title="Tachyon">tachyon</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="interProject wiktionary mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/elektron" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/elektron">WikiWoordenboek</a></div><div class="interProjectTemplate"></div>    </div><noscript><img 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