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ambox-style" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text" style="text-align:center;;"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> <b>Šis raksts neatbilst pieņemtajiem noformēšanas kritērijiem.</b> <br><small>Lūdzu, palīdzi <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DKino%26action%3Dedit">uzlabot šo rakstu</a>. <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diskusija:Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diskusija:Kino">Diskusijā</a> var parādīties dažādi ieteikumi. Vairāk lasi <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:%C4%AAsa_lieto%C5%A1anas_pam%C4%81c%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palīdzība:Īsa lietošanas pamācība">lietošanas pamācībā</a>.</small> <div class="hide-when-compact"></div> <div class="hide-when-compact"></div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3201466">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text{text-align:left!important}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{display:inline-block}</style> <dl> <dd> <span class="hatnote noexcerpt">Šis raksts ir par mākslas nozari. Par citām jēdziena <b>Kino</b> nozīmēm skatīt <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino_(noz%C4%ABmju_atdal%C4%AB%C5%A1ana)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Kino (nozīmju atdalīšana)">nozīmju atdalīšanas lapu</a>.</span> </dd> </dl> <p><b>Kino</b> jeb <b>kinematogrāfija</b> (no <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sengrie%C4%B7u_valoda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sengrieķu valoda">sengrieķu</a> κίνημα, <i>kìnema</i> 'kustība' un γράφειν, <i>gràphein</i> 'rakstīt') ir <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinofilma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinofilma">kustīgu attēlu</a> fotografēšanas un filmēšanas māksla vai process, veicot to elektroniski, izmantojot <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Att%C4%93la_sensors&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Attēla sensors (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">attēla sensoru</a>, vai ķīmiski, izmantojot gaismas jutīgu materiālu, piemēram, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinolente?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinolente">kinolenti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kinematogrāfija tiek uzskatīta gan par <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C4%81ksla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Māksla">mākslas</a>, gan par <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izklaide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izklaide">izklaides</a> nozari.</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:LouisLePrinceFirstFilmEver.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/2/26/LouisLePrinceFirstFilmEver.png/235px-LouisLePrinceFirstFilmEver.png" decoding="async" width="235" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/2/26/LouisLePrinceFirstFilmEver.png/353px-LouisLePrinceFirstFilmEver.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/2/26/LouisLePrinceFirstFilmEver.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="288"></a> <figcaption> Kadrs no <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Roundhejas_d%C4%81rza_aina&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Roundhejas dārza aina (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Roundhejas dārza ainas</a>, (<i>Roundhay Garden scene</i>) <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Luijs_Le_Prinss&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Luijs Le Prinss (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Luijs Le Prinss</a> (<i>Louis Le Prince</i>) 1888. gads, 2 sek. īsfilma, vecākie līdz mūsdienām saglabājušies kustīgie kadri. </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinooperators?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinooperators">Kinooperatori</a> izmanto <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C4%93ca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lēca">lēcu</a> (objektīvu), lai fokusētu objektu atstaroto gaismu fokusētu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Re%C4%81ls_att%C4%93ls&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Reāls attēls (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">reālā attēlā</a>, kas tiek pārnests uz kādu attēla sensoru vai gaismas jutīgu materiālu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kinokamera&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kinokamera (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kinokameras</a> iekšpusē. Šīs ekspozīcijas tiek izveidotas secīgi un tiek saglabātas vēlākai apstrādei un apskatīšanai kā kinofilmai. Attēlu uzņemšana ar elektronisku attēla sensoru rada katra attēla <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pikselis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pikselis">pikseļa</a> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C4%81di%C5%86p%C4%81rneses_ier%C4%ABce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lādiņpārneses ierīce">elektrisko lādiņu</a>, kas tiek elektroniski apstrādāts un saglabāts <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Video_failu_form%C4%81ti&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Video failu formāti (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">video failā</a> tā turpmākai apstrādei vai demonstrācijai. Attēli, kas uzņemti ar <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fotoemulsija&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fotoemulsija (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">fotoemulsiju</a>, rada neredzamu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Latents_att%C4%93ls&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Latents attēls (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">latentu attēlu</a> sēriju, ko ķīmiski "<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Foto_filmu_att%C4%ABst%C4%ABt%C4%81js&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Foto filmu attīstītājs (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">attīsta</a>" par <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pozit%C4%ABvs_(fotogr%C4%81fija)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Pozitīvs (fotogrāfija) (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">redzamu attēlu</a>. Kino attēla attēli tiek <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kinoprojektors&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kinoprojektors (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">projicēti</a>, lai apskatītu kinofilmu.</p> <p>Filmu veidošanā piedalās liels daudzums (parasti) profesionāļu — <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinore%C5%BEisors?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinorežisors">režisori</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinooperators?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinooperators">operatori</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aktieris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aktieris">aktieri</a> utt. <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kinematogr%C4%81fiski_efekti&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kinematogrāfiski efekti (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Kinematogrāfiski efekti</a> var būt, piemēram, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ska%C5%86a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Skaņa">skaņa</a>, apgaismojums, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kinokamera&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kinokamera (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kinokameras</a> leņķi, kostīmi utt.</p> <p><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ri%C4%8Doto_Kanudo&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ričoto Kanudo (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Ričoto Kanudo</a> (Ricciotto Canudo 1877 — 1923), itāļu kino teorētiķis, savā 1911. gadā publicētajā manifestā "Sestās Mākslas dzimšana" (<i>La Naissance d'un sixième art</i>) apgalvoja, balstoties uz <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georgs_Vilhelms_Fr%C4%ABdrihs_H%C4%93gelis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georgs Vilhelms Frīdrihs Hēgelis">Hēgeļa</a> "Lekcijām par estētiku", ka kino ir jauna māksla, kas līdzinās piecām kopš senatnes pazīstamajām: <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arhitekt%C5%ABra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arhitektūra">arhitektūrai</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C4%93lniec%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tēlniecība">tēlniecībai</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Glezniec%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Glezniecība">glezniecībai</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C5%ABzika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mūzika">mūzikai</a> un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dzeja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dzeja">dzejai</a>. Vēlāk (1923) Kanudo pievienos šim sarakstam <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deja">deju</a> kā sesto priekšteci, tādējādi padarot kino par Septīto mākslu.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="lv" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Satura rādītājs</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Kino_v%C4%93sture"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Kino vēsture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Kino_Latvij%C4%81"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Kino Latvijā</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Skat%C4%ABt_ar%C4%AB"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Skatīt arī</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Atsauces"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Atsauces</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C4%80r%C4%93j%C4%81s_saites"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Ārējās saites</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Kino_vēsture"><span id="Kino_v.C4.93sture"></span>Kino vēsture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kino&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Kino vēsture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Kino pirmsākumi ir meklējami "kustīgajās bildēs". 19. gadsimta sākumā tika veikti pirmie eksperimenti, cenšoties iegūt kustības ilūziju ar vairāku secīgu attēlu ātras nomaiņas palīdzību. Piemēram, tika uzstādītas vairākas kameras, lai iegūtu skrejoša zirga uzņēmumu sēriju, to izdarīja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edvards_Maibrid%C5%BEs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edvards Maibridžs">Edvards Maibridžs</a> 1878. gadā.</p> <p>Taču par kameras izgudrotāju var uzskatīt Eteniju-Džūlzu Mareju, kurš izgudroja kameru, jeb „fotografēšanas šauteni”, kas varēja izveidot atsevišķu fotogrāfiju katru <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sekunde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sekunde">sekundi</a>, radot secīgu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Att%C4%93ls?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Attēls">attēlu</a> sēriju. Šajā kamerā Marejs ievietoja sevis izgudrotās celuloīda filmiņas, kas bija revolucionārs sasniegums. Viņa aparāts sākotnēji bija spējīgs iemūžināt 30 secīgus kadrus.</p> <p>Tālāk eksperimentiem ar kameru nodevās francūzis Luiss Aime Augustīns Le Prinss, kurš kamerā ievietoja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pap%C4%ABrs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Papīrs">papīra</a> ruļļus ar fotogrāfisko emulsiju, kurai bija spēja uztvert <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaisma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaisma">gaismu</a>. Le Prinss patentēja šos savus filmu rullīšus un ar tiem uzņēma filmiņas, divas no tām ir saglabājušās līdz mūsdienām, vienu no tām sauc „Satiksme šķērso Līdsas tiltu”, tā tika uzņemta 1888. gadā.</p> <p>1895. gadā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ogists_un_Lu%C4%AB_Limj%C4%93ri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ogists un Luī Limjēri">Ogists un Luī Limjēri</a> patentēja pašizgudroto, divi-vienā kameru un projektoru, kas bija pārvietojams, rokās turams un viegls. Šajā iekārtā filmiņa bija 35 milimetru plata un uzņēma 16 kadrus sekundē. 24 kadri sekundē par standartu kļuva vēlajos 1920. gados.</p> <p>Pretēji izplatītajam nepareizajam pieņēmumam, ka ASV pirmās kameras un kustīgo bilžu projektorus izgudroja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tomass_Edisons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tomass Edisons">Edisons</a>, to patiesībā 1890. gada novembrī izdarīja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Viljams_Diksons&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Viljams Diksons (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Viljams Diksons</a>. Šī kamera darbojās ar <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elektrodzin%C4%93js?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elektrodzinējs">elektriskā dzinēja</a> palīdzību, taču neskatoties uz to, tajā laikā ar roku darbināmās kameras tomēr bija vēl populārākas, jo tās bija vieglākas un ērtākas. Pirmo uzņemto „kustīgo bildi” ASV radīja Diksons, to sauca „Monkeyshines” 1889. vai 1890. gadā, savas kameras, jeb kinetogrāfa testēšanai.</p> <p>Pirmā filmu studija „Melnā Marija” tika izveidota Amerikā, tā tika atvērta 1893. gadā.</p> <p>Pirmais kino dzima 1895. gadā, kad brāļi Lumjēri pirmajā pasaules kinoteātrī „Salon Indien”, kas atradās <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Par%C4%ABze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parīze">Parīzē</a>, peļņas gūšanas nolūkos sāka prezentēt 10 filmiņas, no kurām neviena nepārsniedza 50 sekundes. Izrādot filmiņu, kuras nosaukums bija „Arrivee d'un train en gare a La Ciotat” jeb „Vilciena atbraukšana La Ciotā”, viņi sacēla publikā paniku, jo pūlis nodomāja, ka uz ekrāna redzamais pienākošais <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vilciens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vilciens">vilciens</a> tūlīt ietrieksies auditorijā! Taču pirmā ēka, kas bija paredzēta kā kino teātris, tika uzcelta Parīzē 1897.</p> <p>Pirmā sižetiskā filma — „Ceļojums uz mēnesi” — tika uzņemta 1902. gadā, pretēji izplatītajam kļūdainajam uzskatam, ka pirmo uzņēma Amerikāņi ar nosaukumu „Vilciena lielā aplaupīšana”. „Ceļojuma uz mēnesi” scenārija autors un režisors ir „Džordžs Meliss”, un tas ir viņa slavenākais darbs. Tas ir uzņemts zinātniskās fantastikas žanrā, un tajā izmantotas tolaik kino vēsturē vēl nebijušas animācijas un specefekti, tāpēc „Ceļojumam uz mēnesi” ir arī nozīme kino tehnoloģiju attīstībā. Tās scenārijs veidots pēc Žila Verna grāmatas „Lidojums uz mēnesi” un Herberta Velsa romāna „Pirmie cilvēki uz mēness”. Šīs filmas režisors savu veikumu peļņas nolūkos nosūtīja uz ASV, taču Tomasa Edisona kino tehniķi slepeni izveidoja tās kopijas un izsūtīja pa visu valsti. „Ceļojuma uz mēnesi” autors bankrotēja, kamēr viņa filma vēl baudīja savus slavas mirkļus ASV.</p> <p>Otro sižetisko filmu "Vilciena lielā aplaupīšana" ("The Great Train Robbery") 1903. gadā uzņēma Edvīns Porters Edisona studijā. Filma kļuva par sensāciju. To izrādīja speciāli aptumšotās teltīs.</p> <p>Pirmās filmas intensīvi vienu pēc otras filmēja Ņujorkā un Ņūdžersijā. Tikai 1913. gadā filmas sāka uzņemt <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Holivuda_(Losand%C5%BEelosa)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Holivuda (Losandželosa)">Holivudā</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Kino_Latvijā"><span id="Kino_Latvij.C4.81"></span>Kino Latvijā</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kino&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Kino Latvijā" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Pirmais kino demonstrējums Rīgā notika 1896. gadā Solomonska cirka ēkā. Pirmo publisko kinoteātri "The Royal Vio" Rīgā uzcēla 1907. gadā. Tā zālē varēja sanākt 888 skatītāji, bet balkonā vēl 312.</p> <p>Pirmais kino Latvijā bija dokumentāla filma tāpat kā brāļiem Limjēriem. <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Aleksandrs_Stanke&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Aleksandrs Stanke (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Aleksandrs Stanke</a>, latviešu operators, 1910. gadā nofilmēja Krievijas imperatora Nikolaja II vizīti Rīgā un Pētera I pieminekļa atklāšanu Rīgas centrā. Pēc tam sākās kino bums. Pilsētās cēla kinoteātrus, bet laukos skatījās mēmās filmas arī uz ekrāniem, ko veidoja gar šķūņa sienu nostiepts balts palags. 1930. gadā Latvijā bija 85 kinoteātri, to starp Rīgā — 31. Rīgā kopš 1913. gada tika filmētas mākslas filmas.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Skatīt_arī"><span id="Skat.C4.ABt_ar.C4.AB"></span>Skatīt arī</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kino&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Skatīt arī" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul> <li><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sirre%C4%81lisma_kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sirreālisma kino">Sirreālisma kino</a></li> <li><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dokument%C4%81l%C4%81_filma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dokumentālā filma">Dokumentālā filma</a></li> <li><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C4%93mais_kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mēmais kino">Mēmais kino</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kino&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">D A Spencer. <i>The Focal Dictionary of Photographic Technologies</i>. Focal Press, 1973. 454. lpp. <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0133227192?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0133227192">978-0133227192</a>.</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">« le Manifeste des sept arts » par Ricciotto Canudo, 1923, la Gazette des sept arts n° 2 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://fgimello.free.fr/enseignements/metz/textes_theoriques/canudo.htm">http://fgimello.free.fr/enseignements/metz/textes_theoriques/canudo.htm</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">David Bordwell. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ie/books?id%3DDezHd2nJLScC%26pg%3DPT43"><i>On the History of Film Style</i></a>. Harvard University Press, 1997. 29. lpp. <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-63429-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-63429-2">0-674-63429-2</a>.</span></span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kino&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Multivides?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Multivides">multivides</a> faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cinema" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cinema">Kino</a></b></i>.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://enciklopedija.lv/skirklis/7901">Latvijas Nacionālās enciklopēdijas šķirklis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/topic/cinematography"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/teatr-i-kino/kinematograf">Enciklopēdijas <i>Krugosvet</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li> </ul> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"> <tbody> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Drama-icon.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Drama-icon.svg/40px-Drama-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="29" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="335"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 29px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Drama-icon.svg/40px-Drama-icon.svg.png" data-alt="Aizmetņa ikona" data-width="40" data-height="29" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Drama-icon.svg/60px-Drama-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Drama-icon.svg/80px-Drama-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><i>Šis ar <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kult%C5%ABra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kultūra">kultūru</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. Jūs varat <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Redi%C4%A3%C4%93%C5%A1ana,_noform%C4%93%C5%A1ana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palīdzība:Rediģēšana, noformēšana">dot savu ieguldījumu</a> Vikipēdijā, <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DKino%26action%3Dedit">papildinot to</a>.</i> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;"> <ul> <li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Veidne:Kult%C5%ABra-aizmetnis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Veidne:Kultūra-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";">s</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Veidnes_diskusija:Kult%C5%ABra-aizmetnis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Veidnes diskusija:Kultūra-aizmetnis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;">d</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DVeidne:Kult%25C5%25ABra-aizmetnis%26action%3Dedit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";">l</abbr></a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"> <tbody> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Crystal_Project_colors.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Crystal_Project_colors.png/30px-Crystal_Project_colors.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 30px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Crystal_Project_colors.png/30px-Crystal_Project_colors.png" data-alt="Aizmetņa ikona" data-width="30" data-height="30" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Crystal_Project_colors.png/45px-Crystal_Project_colors.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Crystal_Project_colors.png/60px-Crystal_Project_colors.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td><i>Šis ar <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C4%81ksla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Māksla">mākslu</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. Jūs varat <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Redi%C4%A3%C4%93%C5%A1ana,_noform%C4%93%C5%A1ana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palīdzība:Rediģēšana, noformēšana">dot savu ieguldījumu</a> Vikipēdijā, <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DKino%26action%3Dedit">papildinot to</a>.</i> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;"> <ul> <li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Veidne:M%C4%81ksla-aizmetnis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Veidne:Māksla-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";">s</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Veidnes_diskusija:M%C4%81ksla-aizmetnis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Veidnes diskusija:Māksla-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;">d</abbr></a></li> <li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DVeidne:M%25C4%2581ksla-aizmetnis%26action%3Dedit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";">l</abbr></a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Saturs iegūts no "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DKino%26oldid%3D4169986">https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kino&oldid=4169986</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kino&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="ScAvenger" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1730715459"> <span>Pēdējoreiz labots 2024. gada 4. novembris 12.17</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Valodas</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cine" title="Cine – aragoniešu" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cine" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B5%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D9%258A" title="تصوير سينمائي – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تصوير سينمائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematograf%25C3%25ADa" title="Cinematografía – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cinematografía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematoqraf" title="Kinematoqraf – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kinematoqraf" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinamatuograp%25C4%2597j%25C4%2597" title="Kinamatuograpėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kinamatuograpėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кінематограф – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кінематограф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D1%258D%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кінэматограф – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кінэматограф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE" title="Кино – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кино" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259A%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%259A%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%259A%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25A3%25E0%25A6%25B6%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AA" title="চলচ্চিত্রগ্রহণশিল্প – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চলচ্চিত্রগ্রহণশিল্প" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografija" title="Kinematografija – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kinematografija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema" title="Cinema – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cinema" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2588%25DB%258E%25D9%2586%25DB%2595%25DA%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AA%25D9%2586%25DB%258C_%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DB%2595%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DB%258C" title="وێنەگرتنی سینەمایی – centrālkurdu" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وێنەگرتنی سینەمایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centrālkurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografie" title="Kinematografie – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kinematografie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Синематограф – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Синематограф" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinematograffeg" title="Sinematograffeg – velsiešu" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sinematograffeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velsiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematografi" title="Cinematografi – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cinematografi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematografie" title="Cinematografie – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cinematografie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259A%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B7%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B1%25CF%2584%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B3%25CF%2581%25CE%25AC%25CF%2586%25CE%25BF%25CF%2582" title="Κινηματογράφος – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κινηματογράφος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematography" title="Cinematography – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cinematography" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kino" title="Kino – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematograf%25C3%25ADa" title="Cinematografía – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cinematografía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmikunst" title="Filmikunst – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Filmikunst" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinema" title="Zinema – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zinema" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25DB%258C%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25E2%2580%258C%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C_%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DB%258C" title="فیلم‌برداری سینمایی – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیلم‌برداری سینمایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elokuvaus" title="Elokuvaus – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elokuvaus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmikunst" title="Filmikunst – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Filmikunst" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cin%25C3%25A9ma" title="Cinéma – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cinéma" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cin%25C3%25A8m%25C3%25A2" title="Cinèmâ – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Cinèmâ" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" title="Film – friūlu" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Film" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friūlu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cineamatagrafa%25C3%25ADocht" title="Cineamatagrafaíocht – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cineamatagrafaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin%25C3%25A9ma" title="Sinéma – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Sinéma" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cine" title="Cine – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cine" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%2527angam%25C3%25BDi_apo" title="Ta'angamýi apo – gvaranu" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ta'angamýi apo" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scannaneaght" title="Scannaneaght – meniešu" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Scannaneaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="meniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A7%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%25A0%25D7%2595%25D7%25A2" title="קולנוע – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קולנוע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="फिल्मांकन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फिल्मांकन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografija" title="Kinematografija – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kinematografija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematogr%25C3%25A1fia" title="Cinematográfia – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cinematográfia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BF%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D5%25B4%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BF%25D5%25B8%25D5%25A3%25D6%2580%25D5%25A1%25D6%2586%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1" title="Կինեմատոգրաֆիա – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կինեմատոգրաֆիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematographia" title="Cinematographia – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cinematographia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinematografi" title="Sinematografi – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sinematografi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvikmyndager%25C3%25B0" title="Kvikmyndagerð – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kvikmyndagerð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema" title="Cinema – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cinema" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2598%25A0%25E7%2594%25BB%25E6%2592%25AE%25E5%25BD%25B1" title="映画撮影 – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="映画撮影" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografiya" title="Kinematografiya – karakalpaku" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kinematografiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpaku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ssinima" title="Ssinima – kabilu" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ssinima" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinima%25C9%25A3" title="Sinimaɣ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sinimaɣ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259E%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D2%259B_%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580" title="Операторлық өнер – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Операторлық өнер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%259B%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%2597%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B2%25B9%25E0%25B2%25A3" title="ಛಾಯಾಗ್ರಹಣ – kannadu" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಛಾಯಾಗ್ರಹಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%258B%259C%25EB%2584%25A4%25EB%25A7%2588%25ED%2586%25A0%25EA%25B7%25B8%25EB%259E%2598%25ED%2594%25BC" title="시네마토그래피 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시네마토그래피" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – karačaju un balkāru" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karačaju un balkāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C3%25AEnema" title="Sînema – kurdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sînema" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – komiešu" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – kirgīzu" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematographia" title="Cinematographia – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cinematographia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – lezgīnu" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cine" title="Cine – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Cine" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema" title="Cinema – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cinema" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografija" title="Kinematografija – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kinematografija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259B%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="छायांकन – marathu" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="छायांकन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinematografi" title="Sinematografi – malajiešu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sinematografi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25BE%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%258A%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ရုပ်ရှင်ပညာရပ် – birmiešu" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရုပ်ရှင်ပညာရပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematografie" title="Cinematografie – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cinematografie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografi" title="Kinematografi – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kinematografi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cin%25C3%25A8ma" title="Cinèma – oksitāņu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cinèma" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kino" title="Kino – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kino" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – osetīnu" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografia" title="Kinematografia – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kinematografia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema" title="Cinema – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cinema" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematografie" title="Cinematografie – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cinematografie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – jakutu" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografija" title="Kinematografija – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kinematografija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematography" title="Cinematography – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cinematography" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografia" title="Kinematografia – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kinematografia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinemaja" title="Kinemaja – albāņu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kinemaja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0" title="Кинематографија – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кинематографија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmfotografi" title="Filmfotografi – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Filmfotografi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2592%25E0%25AE%25B3%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AF%2581" title="ஒளிப்பதிவு – tamilu" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒளிப்பதிவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B1%258B%25E0%25B0%2597%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25AB%25E0%25B1%2580" title="సినిమాటోగ్రఫీ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సినిమాటోగ్రఫీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinema" title="Sinema – tetumu" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Sinema" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetumu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D3%25A3" title="Филмбардорӣ – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Филмбардорӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%2596%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A2%25E0%25B8%25A0%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%259E%25E0%25B8%25A2%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%258C" title="การถ่ายภาพยนตร์ – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การถ่ายภาพยนตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kino" title="Kino – turkmēņu" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kino" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografija" title="Kinematografija – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kinematografija" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinematografi" title="Sinematografi – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sinematografi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кинематограф – tatāru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584" title="Кінематограф – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кінематограф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematografiya" title="Kinematografiya – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kinematografiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cine" title="Cine – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cine" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25E1%25BB%25B9_thu%25E1%25BA%25ADt_%25C4%2591i%25E1%25BB%2587n_%25E1%25BA%25A3nh" title="Kỹ thuật điện ảnh – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kỹ thuật điện ảnh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2594%25B5%25E5%25BD%25B1%25E6%2591%2584%25E5%25BD%25B1" title="电影摄影 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电影摄影" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2594%25B5%25E5%25BD%25B1%25E6%2591%2584%25E5%25BD%25B1" title="电影摄影 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="电影摄影" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%259B%25BB%25E5%25BD%25B1%25E6%2594%259D%25E5%25BD%25B1" title="電影攝影 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電影攝影" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-lv.svg" alt="Vikipēdija" width="120" height="22" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.375em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Šī lapa pēdējoreiz labota: 2024. gada 4. novembris plkst. 12.17.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Saturs ir pieejams saskaņā ar <a class="external" rel="nofollow" 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