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href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cultivation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultivation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Cultivation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herbal_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herbal_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Herbal medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herbal_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolopendra%C5%9F%C9%99killi_s%C3%BCm%C3%BCrg%C9%99" title="Skolopendraşəkilli sümürgə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Skolopendraşəkilli sümürgə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Волски език – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Волски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelen%C3%AD_jazyk_celolist%C3%BD" title="Jelení jazyk celolistý – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jelení jazyk celolistý" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tafod_yr_Hydd" title="Tafod yr Hydd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tafod yr Hydd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjortetunge" title="Hjortetunge – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hjortetunge" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirschzungenfarn" title="Hirschzungenfarn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hirschzungenfarn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keel-raunjalg" title="Keel-raunjalg – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keel-raunjalg" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervolanga_asplenio" title="Cervolanga asplenio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cervolanga asplenio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orein-mihi" title="Orein-mihi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Orein-mihi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="زنگی‌دارو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زنگی‌دارو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolopendre_(foug%C3%A8re)" title="Scolopendre (fougère) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Scolopendre (fougère)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creamh_na_muice_fia" title="Creamh na muice fia – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Creamh na muice fia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervi%C3%B1a" title="Cerviña – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cerviña" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadaka" title="Kadaka – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kadaka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%84" title="Сындзсыф – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сындзсыф" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%ADmp%C3%A1fr%C3%A1ny" title="Gímpáfrány – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gímpáfrány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="عقربان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عقربان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongvaren" title="Tongvaren – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tongvaren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%8B%E3%83%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA" title="コタニワタリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コタニワタリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjortetunge" title="Hjortetunge – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hjortetunge" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanokcica_j%C4%99zycznik" title="Zanokcica języcznik – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zanokcica języcznik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Костенец сколопендровый – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Костенец сколопендровый" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirvenkieli" title="Hirvenkieli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hirvenkieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjorttunga" title="Hjorttunga – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hjorttunga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Аспленій сколопендровий – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аспленій сколопендровий" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linwe_di_cier" title="Linwe di cier – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Linwe di cier" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" title="Asplenium scolopendrium – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Asplenium scolopendrium" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%B0%E9%93%81%E8%A7%92%E8%95%A8" title="阿尔泰铁角蕨 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿尔泰铁角蕨" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hart%27s-tongue_fern&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Hart's-tongue fern">Hart's-tongue fern</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Asplenium_scolopendrium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Asplenium_scolopendrium.jpg/220px-Asplenium_scolopendrium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Asplenium_scolopendrium.jpg/330px-Asplenium_scolopendrium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Asplenium_scolopendrium.jpg/440px-Asplenium_scolopendrium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Status_TNC_G4.svg/220px-Status_TNC_G4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Status_TNC_G4.svg/330px-Status_TNC_G4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Status_TNC_G4.svg/440px-Status_TNC_G4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" /></span></span><br />Apparently Secure <small> (<a href="/wiki/NatureServe_conservation_status" title="NatureServe conservation status">NatureServe</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Status_TNC_T3.svg/220px-Status_TNC_T3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Status_TNC_T3.svg/330px-Status_TNC_T3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Status_TNC_T3.svg/440px-Status_TNC_T3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" /></span></span><br />Vulnerable <small> (<a href="/wiki/NatureServe_conservation_status" title="NatureServe conservation status">NatureServe</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (var. <i>americanum</i>)</small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Asplenium" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Division: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fern" title="Fern">Polypodiophyta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fern" title="Fern">Polypodiopsida</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polypodiales" title="Polypodiales">Polypodiales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Suborder: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aspleniineae" title="Aspleniineae">Aspleniineae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aspleniaceae" title="Aspleniaceae">Aspleniaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asplenium" title="Asplenium"><i>Asplenium</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>A. scolopendrium</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> subsp. <i>antri-jovis</i> <small>(Kümmerle) Brownsey & Jermy</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Biropteris antri-jovis</i> <small>Kümmerle</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis antri-jovis</i> <small>(Kümmerle) Seitz</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis fernaldiana</i> <small>Á. Löve</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis japonica</i> <small>Kom.</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis japonica</i> subsp. <i>americana</i> <small>(Fernald) Á. Löve & D. Löve</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis lindenii</i> <small>(Hook.) Maxon</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis scolopendrium</i> <small>(L.) Newman</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis scolopendrium</i> var. <i>americana</i> <small>Fernald</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Phyllitis scolopendrium</i> var. <i>scolopendrium</i> <small>(L.) Newman</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Scolopendrium lindenii</i> <small>Hook.</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Scolopendrium officinarum</i> <small>Sw.</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Scolopendrium scolopendrium</i> <small>(L.) H. Karst.</small> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Scolopendrium vulgare</i> <small>Sw.</small> </li></ul> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Asplenium scolopendrium</b></i>, commonly known as the <b>hart's-tongue fern</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-BSBI07_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BSBI07-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="/wiki/Evergreen" title="Evergreen">evergreen</a> <a href="/wiki/Fern" title="Fern">fern</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> <a href="/wiki/Aspleniaceae" title="Aspleniaceae">Aspleniaceae</a> native to the Northern Hemisphere. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most striking and unusual feature of the fern is its simple, strap-shaped undivided <a href="/wiki/Frond" title="Frond">fronds</a>. The supposed resemblance of the leaves to the tongue of a <a href="/wiki/Hart_(deer)" title="Hart (deer)">hart</a> (an archaic term for a male <a href="/wiki/Red_deer" title="Red deer">red deer</a>) gave rise to the common name "hart's-tongue fern". </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspleniaceae_Asplenium_scolopendrium_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Aspleniaceae_Asplenium_scolopendrium_1.jpg/220px-Aspleniaceae_Asplenium_scolopendrium_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Aspleniaceae_Asplenium_scolopendrium_1.jpg/330px-Aspleniaceae_Asplenium_scolopendrium_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Aspleniaceae_Asplenium_scolopendrium_1.jpg/440px-Aspleniaceae_Asplenium_scolopendrium_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2636" data-file-height="1919" /></a><figcaption><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i></figcaption></figure> <p><br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asplenium_scolopendrium_002.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Asplenium_scolopendrium_002.JPG/220px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_002.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Asplenium_scolopendrium_002.JPG/330px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_002.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Asplenium_scolopendrium_002.JPG/440px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_002.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1329" data-file-height="1772" /></a><figcaption><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> sori</figcaption></figure> <p><br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asplenium_scolopendrium_prothallus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Asplenium_scolopendrium_prothallus.jpg/220px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_prothallus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Asplenium_scolopendrium_prothallus.jpg/330px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_prothallus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Asplenium_scolopendrium_prothallus.jpg/440px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_prothallus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> prothallus</figcaption></figure> <p><br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeune_sporophyte_d%27Asplenium_scolopendrium_(focus).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jeune_sporophyte_d%27Asplenium_scolopendrium_%28focus%29.jpg/220px-Jeune_sporophyte_d%27Asplenium_scolopendrium_%28focus%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jeune_sporophyte_d%27Asplenium_scolopendrium_%28focus%29.jpg/330px-Jeune_sporophyte_d%27Asplenium_scolopendrium_%28focus%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jeune_sporophyte_d%27Asplenium_scolopendrium_%28focus%29.jpg/440px-Jeune_sporophyte_d%27Asplenium_scolopendrium_%28focus%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1011" data-file-height="1047" /></a><figcaption>Young <i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> sporophyte</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a> first gave the hart's-tongue fern the <a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">binomial</a> <i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> in his <i><a href="/wiki/Species_Plantarum" title="Species Plantarum">Species Plantarum</a></i> of 1753.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELinnaeus17531079_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELinnaeus17531079-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Latin <a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">specific epithet</a> <i>scolopendrium</i> is derived from the Greek <i>skolopendra</i>, meaning a centipede or millipede; this is due to the <a href="/wiki/Sorus" title="Sorus">sori</a> pattern being reminiscent of a <a href="/wiki/Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda">myriapod</a>'s legs.<sup id="cite_ref-RHSLG_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHSLG-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A global phylogeny of <i>Asplenium</i> published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202027_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202027-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which were given informal names pending further taxonomic study. <i>A. scolopendrium</i> belongs to the "<i>Phyllitis</i> subclade" of the "<i>Phyllitis</i> clade".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202030_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202030-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of the <i>Phyllitis</i> clade have undivided or pinnatifid leaf blades with a thick, leathery texture, persistent scales on their stalk, and often possess <a href="/wiki/Anastomosis" title="Anastomosis">anastomosing</a> veins. Members of the <i>Phyllitis</i> subclade have undivided leaves with freely branching veins and single or paired sori. They are widely distributed through the Northern Hemisphere.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202041_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202041-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If defined to include the former <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_komarovii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asplenium komarovii (page does not exist)">A. komarovii</a></i>, <i>A. scolopendrium</i> makes up the former segregate genus <i>Phyllitis</i> and is sister to <i><a href="/wiki/Asplenium_sagittatum" title="Asplenium sagittatum">A. sagittatum</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202030_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEXuZhangRothfelsSmith202030-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three subspecies were accepted in the most recent revision of the species:<sup id="cite_ref-heo2023_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heo2023-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>A. scolopendrium</i> subsp. <i>scolopendrium</i> is native to <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>. Populations in the eastern Mediterranean have been referred to as <i>A. scolopendrium</i> var. <i>antri-jovis</i>.</li> <li><i>A. scolopendrium</i> subsp. <i>americanum</i> is native to <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, southern <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a>. The tropical populations have been referred to as <i>A. scolopendrium</i> var. <i>lindenii</i>.</li> <li><i>A. scolopendrium</i> subsp. <i>japonicum</i>, formerly <i>A. komarovii</i>, is native to eastern <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li></ul> <p>Morphological differences between the varieties are minor, but the North American variety <i>americanum</i> is <a href="/wiki/Tetraploid" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetraploid">tetraploid</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a> subspecies <i>A. scolopendrium scolopendrium</i>) is <a href="/wiki/Diploid" class="mw-redirect" title="Diploid">diploid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FNA_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FNA-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> is a common species in the Old World: </p> <ul><li>The subspecies <i>scolopendrium</i> occurs throughout <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a>). It is absent however in northeast Europe (Finland, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania and European Russia).<sup id="cite_ref-Christenhusz-2017_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christenhusz-2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Heo-2022_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heo-2022-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beyond Europe, it is found in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, and North Africa (in <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>). It has also been introduced to the <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a>. Unlike its American counterpart, the <i>scolopendrium</i> of Europe is used for many horticultural uses. <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specimens of this variety found in North America (such as in <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> in Canada, and <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> in the United States) are considered naturalized descendants of cultivated plants.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, it occurs in rare, widely scattered populations located in different locales: </p> <ul><li>in the Mexican states of <a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coahuila" title="Coahuila">Coahuila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oaxaca" title="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> island of <a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-dist_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dist-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>along the <a href="/wiki/Onondaga_Limestone" title="Onondaga Limestone">Onondaga Limestone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Escarpment" title="Niagara Escarpment">Niagara Escarpment</a> geological formations in <a href="/wiki/Central_New_York" title="Central New York">Central New York</a> (present in 2 counties), <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ontario" title="Southern Ontario">southern Ontario</a> (present in 7 counties), and the eastern <a href="/wiki/Upper_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Peninsula">Upper Peninsula</a> in <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> (present in 2 counties). Exceptions are <a href="/wiki/Disjunct_population" class="mw-redirect" title="Disjunct population">disjunct populations</a> that exist in <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Fern_Cave_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Fern Cave National Wildlife Refuge">Fern Cave National Wildlife Refuge</a>, a wildlife refuge centered around an off-limits cave in <a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Alabama" title="Jackson County, Alabama">Jackson County, Alabama</a>, where it has declined heavily due to illegal plant collecting, and an undisclosed pit in <a href="/wiki/Morgan_County,_Alabama" title="Morgan County, Alabama">Morgan County</a> that is also off-limits and protected), and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> (in just a single county); these southern populations are at dire risk of <a href="/wiki/Extirpation" class="mw-redirect" title="Extirpation">extirpation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ecos_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ecos-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-alab_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alab-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced</a> population descended from New York plants is found in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>; it is a remnant of a 1936 effort to practice <a href="/wiki/Ex-situ_conservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex-situ conservation">ex-situ conservation</a> of populations in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2020, a new population of hart's-tongue ferns was discovered inside a cave with basaltic lava flows in <a href="/wiki/El_Malpais_National_Monument" title="El Malpais National Monument">El Malpais National Monument</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cibola_County,_New_Mexico" title="Cibola County, New Mexico">Cibola County, New Mexico</a>; this represents the first confirmed population of the species in North America west of the Mississippi. Genetic analyses and surveys are currently being performed to determine the population's variation and overall health. <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In East Asia, <i>A. scolopendrium</i> subsp. <i>japonicum</i> is distributed in the Russian Far East, north-eastern China and the Korean Peninsula, however it is considered as being generally rare on the mainland.<sup id="cite_ref-Heo-2022_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heo-2022-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, it is relatively abundant on many islands including the Japanese Archipelago.<sup id="cite_ref-Heo-2022_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heo-2022-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The unique dispersal of <i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> has caught the attention of international botanists. In fact, the very existence of such varieties beg that "...these populations arose following colonization events involving a single spore".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The plants grow on neutral, calcium-rich, and/or lime-rich substrates under deciduous hardwood canopies (usually <a href="/wiki/Sugar_maple" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar maple">sugar maples</a> in eastern North America), including moist soil and damp crevices in old walls; they are found most commonly in shaded areas. Plants in full sun are usually stunted and yellowish in colour, while those in full shade are dark green and healthy. The disjunct populations of the North American variation in the southeastern US are found exclusively in sinkhole pits or limestone caves.<sup id="cite_ref-Currie_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Currie-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These populations may be relics of cooler <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> climates.<sup id="cite_ref-alab_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alab-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation">Conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most recent <a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature" title="International Union for Conservation of Nature">International Union for Conservation of Nature</a> (IUCN) assessment for <a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a> was conducted in 2016, with the conservation status of <i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> being listed as being a species of Least Concern (LC). Despite the positive status, this assessment is chiefly limited to the conservation situation of <i>A. scolopendrium</i> in Europe, as opposed to other parts of its natural range.<sup id="cite_ref-Christenhusz-2017_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christenhusz-2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> is found across the vast majority of European countries, in a wide variety of natural settings, across a multitude of habitats.<sup id="cite_ref-Heo-2022_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heo-2022-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also able to colonise manmade environments including growing in walls and brickwork crevices, particularly in limestone mortar. Furthermore, it is considered to be a gregarious species - it is able to spread both sexually and asexually, frequently forming large clumps and present in high densities - in some areas it is considered very common.<sup id="cite_ref-Christenhusz-2017_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christenhusz-2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Across Europe as a whole, the IUCN assessed no immediate threats to this species in natural settings, and predicted that the species may benefit from milder wetter winters predicted under various climate change scenarios.<sup id="cite_ref-Christenhusz-2017_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christenhusz-2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the urban environment, where <i>A. scolopendrium</i> frequently grows on vertical faces and in crevices of lime mortared brick walls, the species may be threatened by wall renovation projects.<sup id="cite_ref-Christenhusz-2017_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christenhusz-2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the fern is often cultivated as a garden plant or used in landscape planting, commercially sold plants are sourced from horticultural stock.<sup id="cite_ref-Christenhusz-2017_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christenhusz-2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> is not a specifically protected species in the majority of European states, however in part due to its wide distribution, <i>A. scolopendrium</i> inhabits a large number of legally protected areas across the continent. Despite this, it is considered to be declining in numbers or a species at risk in certain parts of its range.<sup id="cite_ref-Christenhusz-2017_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christenhusz-2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> was first listed as "Vulnerable" in the National Red Lists for <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> in 2010 (under Criterion D1, that is, having a very small population of under 1000 individuals).<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered "critically threatened and rare" in the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>'s 2012 plant Red List;<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "Endangered" in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>'s 2010 Red List.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The species has been protected by law in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> since 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, <i>A. scolopendrium</i> var. <i>americanum</i> was declared endangered by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service</a> in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-Currie_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Currie-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reasons for its rarity are currently being researched, with <a href="/wiki/Reintroduction" class="mw-redirect" title="Reintroduction">reintroduction</a> programs in New York and elsewhere also in development.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Canada">Canada</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ontario, Canada has the highest population numbers of <i>A. scolopendrium</i> var. <i>americanum</i> of any region in the variation's distribution, with around 80% of all subpopulations and around 94% of all individuals. The fern was reported at more than 100 sites across the province, with around 75 still believed to be existing. Despite this, <i>A. scolopendrium</i> var. <i>americanum</i> was listed as a species of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wildlife_Species_at_Risk_(Canada)#Vascular_plants_of_special_concern" title="List of Wildlife Species at Risk (Canada)">Special Concern under the Committee on the Status of Species at Risk</a> in Ontario in May 2017, due to its extremely specific habitat requirements, relatively small distribution, and some subpopulations consisting of too little individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> is often grown as an <a href="/wiki/Ornamental_plant" title="Ornamental plant">ornamental plant</a>, with several <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivars</a> selected with varying frond form, including with frilled frond margins, forked fronds and cristate forms. The species has gained the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">Royal Horticultural Society</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Award_of_Garden_Merit" title="Award of Garden Merit">Award of Garden Merit</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as has the cultivar 'Angustatum'.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The American variety is reputed to be difficult to cultivate (making conservation efforts for it even more troublesome); due to this, most, if not all, cultivated individuals are derived from the Old World subspecies.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Herbal_medicine">Herbal medicine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Herbal medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This fern was used in the 1800s as a <a href="/wiki/Medicinal_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Medicinal plant">medicinal plant</a> in folk medicine as a <a href="/wiki/Spleen" title="Spleen">spleen</a> tonic (hence an archaic name for the genus, "spleenworts") and for other uses.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Hartstongue Ale" is mentioned in the recipe book of Katharine Palmer (compiled from 1700).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was made by putting three leaves of hart's-tongue fern into a bottle of <a href="/wiki/Ale" title="Ale">ale</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phyllitis_scolopendrium_habitat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Habitat"><img alt="Habitat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Phyllitis_scolopendrium_habitat.jpg/120px-Phyllitis_scolopendrium_habitat.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Phyllitis_scolopendrium_habitat.jpg/180px-Phyllitis_scolopendrium_habitat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Phyllitis_scolopendrium_habitat.jpg/240px-Phyllitis_scolopendrium_habitat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1875" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Habitat</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phyllitis_scolopendrium3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A cultivar with frilled frond margins"><img alt="A cultivar with frilled frond margins" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phyllitis_scolopendrium3.jpg/120px-Phyllitis_scolopendrium3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phyllitis_scolopendrium3.jpg/180px-Phyllitis_scolopendrium3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phyllitis_scolopendrium3.jpg/240px-Phyllitis_scolopendrium3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">A cultivar with frilled frond margins</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spiers_harts_tongue_fern.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A specimen growing in lime mortar on a wall"><img alt="A specimen growing in lime mortar on a wall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Spiers_harts_tongue_fern.JPG/120px-Spiers_harts_tongue_fern.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Spiers_harts_tongue_fern.JPG/180px-Spiers_harts_tongue_fern.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Spiers_harts_tongue_fern.JPG/240px-Spiers_harts_tongue_fern.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">A specimen growing in lime mortar on a wall</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asplenium_scolopendrium_americanum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Example of the North American variety"><img alt="Example of the North American variety" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Asplenium_scolopendrium_americanum.jpg/90px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_americanum.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Asplenium_scolopendrium_americanum.jpg/135px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_americanum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Asplenium_scolopendrium_americanum.jpg/180px-Asplenium_scolopendrium_americanum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Example of the North American variety</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNatureServe2024" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a> (November 1, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.129927/">"<i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i>"</a>. <i>NatureServe Explorer</i>. Arlington, Virginia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NatureServe+Explorer&rft.atitle=Asplenium+scolopendrium&rft.date=2024-11-01&rft.au=NatureServe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexplorer.natureserve.org%2FTaxon%2FELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.129927%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNatureServe2024" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a> (November 1, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.135863/">"<i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> var. <i>americanum</i>"</a>. <i>NatureServe Explorer</i>. Arlington, Virginia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NatureServe+Explorer&rft.atitle=Asplenium+scolopendrium+var.+americanum&rft.date=2024-11-01&rft.au=NatureServe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexplorer.natureserve.org%2FTaxon%2FELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.135863%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BSBI07-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BSBI07_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBSBI2007" class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626140254/http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls"><i>BSBI List 2007</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(xls)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Botanical_Society_of_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland">Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsbi.org/download/3542/">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(xls)</span> on 2015-06-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cossaroagency.ca&rft.atitle=Ontario+Species+at+Risk+Evaluation+Report+for+American+Hart%27s-tongue+Fern+%28Asplenium+scolopendrium+var.+americanum%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcossaroagency.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F06%2FAccessibleCOSSAROEvaluation_American_Harts-tongue_Fern_FINAL_30JAN2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ontario.ca/page/american-harts-tongue-fern">"American Hart's Tongue Fern"</a>. <i>Ontario.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rhs.org.uk&rft.atitle=RHS+Plant+Selector+-+Asplenium+scolopendrium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F25910%2FAsplenium-scolopendrium%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/48025/Asplenium-scolopendrium-Angustatum/Details">"<i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> 'Angustatum'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Rhs.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rhs.org.uk&rft.atitle=Asplenium+scolopendrium+%27Angustatum%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rhs.org.uk%2FPlants%2F48025%2FAsplenium-scolopendrium-Angustatum%2FDetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMickel2003" class="citation book cs1">Mickel, John T. (2003). <i>Ferns for American Gardens</i>. Timber Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780881925982" title="Special:BookSources/9780881925982"><bdi>9780881925982</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ferns+for+American+Gardens&rft.pub=Timber+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780881925982&rft.aulast=Mickel&rft.aufirst=John+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span> This book is a reprinting of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMickel1994" class="citation book cs1">Mickel, John T. (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780025844919"><i>Ferns for American Gardens</i></a></span>. MacMillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780025844919" title="Special:BookSources/9780025844919"><bdi>9780025844919</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ferns+for+American+Gardens&rft.pub=MacMillan&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780025844919&rft.aulast=Mickel&rft.aufirst=John+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780025844919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill1812" class="citation book cs1">Hill, John (1812). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/familyherbaland00kinngoog"><i>The family herbal: or An account of all those English plants, which are remarkable for their virtues, and of the drugs which are produced by vegetables of other countries; with their descriptions and their uses, as proved by experience</i></a>. C. Brightly and T. Kinnersley. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/familyherbaland00kinngoog/page/n261">162</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+family+herbal%3A+or+An+account+of+all+those+English+plants%2C+which+are+remarkable+for+their+virtues%2C+and+of+the+drugs+which+are+produced+by+vegetables+of+other+countries%3B+with+their+descriptions+and+their+uses%2C+as+proved+by+experience&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=C.+Brightly+and+T.+Kinnersley&rft.date=1812&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffamilyherbaland00kinngoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer,_Katharine1700" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Katharine (1700). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wellcomecollection.org/works/mde4asuj"><i>A Collection of ye best Receipts most approved and fittest in Cookery, preserving, and all manner of Housewifery, physick & Chirurgery</i></a>. Unpublished manuscript (wellcome collection). p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wellcomecollection.org/works/mde4asuj/items?canvas=80">77</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Collection+of+ye+best+Receipts+most+approved+and+fittest+in+Cookery%2C+preserving%2C+and+all+manner+of+Housewifery%2C+physick+%26+Chirurgery&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Unpublished+manuscript+%28wellcome+collection%29&rft.date=1700&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Katharine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwellcomecollection.org%2Fworks%2Fmde4asuj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinnaeus1753" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus, C.</a> (1753). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/359100"><i>Species Plantarum</i></a>. Vol. II (1st ed.). Stockholm: Laurentii Salvii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Species+Plantarum&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Laurentii+Salvii&rft.date=1753&rft.aulast=Linnaeus&rft.aufirst=C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F359100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXuZhangRothfelsSmith2020" class="citation journal cs1">Xu, Ke-Wang; Zhang, Liang; Rothfels, Carl J.; Smith, Alan R.; Viane, Ronald; Lorence, David; Wood, Kenneth R.; Cheng, Cheng-Wei; Knapp, Ralf; Zhou, Lin; Lu, Ngan Thi; Zhou, Xin-Mao; Wei, Hong-Jin; Fan, Qiang; Chen, Su-Fang; Cicuzza, Daniele; Gao, Xin-Fen; Li, Wen-Bo; Zhang, Li-Bing (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fcla.12384">"A global plastid phylogeny of the fern genus Asplenium (Aspleniaceae)"</a>. <i>Cladistics</i>. <b>36</b> (1): 22–71. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fcla.12384">10.1111/cla.12384</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34618950">34618950</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:201197385">201197385</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cladistics&rft.atitle=A+global+plastid+phylogeny+of+the+fern+genus+Asplenium+%28Aspleniaceae%29&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=22-71&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A201197385%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34618950&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fcla.12384&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Ke-Wang&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Liang&rft.au=Rothfels%2C+Carl+J.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Alan+R.&rft.au=Viane%2C+Ronald&rft.au=Lorence%2C+David&rft.au=Wood%2C+Kenneth+R.&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Cheng-Wei&rft.au=Knapp%2C+Ralf&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Lin&rft.au=Lu%2C+Ngan+Thi&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Xin-Mao&rft.au=Wei%2C+Hong-Jin&rft.au=Fan%2C+Qiang&rft.au=Chen%2C+Su-Fang&rft.au=Cicuzza%2C+Daniele&rft.au=Gao%2C+Xin-Fen&rft.au=Li%2C+Wen-Bo&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Li-Bing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fcla.12384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hyde, H. A., Wade, A. E., & Harrison, S. G. (1978). <i>Welsh Ferns</i>. National Museum of Wales. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7200-0210-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7200-0210-9">0-7200-0210-9</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParker2009" class="citation web cs1">Parker, Rosemarie (December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://flnps.org/native-plants/real-rarity">"A Real Rarity"</a>. Finger Lakes Native Plant Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Real+Rarity&rft.pub=Finger+Lakes+Native+Plant+Society&rft.date=2009-12&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Rosemarie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fflnps.org%2Fnative-plants%2Freal-rarity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsplenium+scolopendrium" class="Z3988"></span> A popular article on hart's tongue fern that includes several references and a discussion of cultivation possibilities for the European and American varieties. The article strongly discourages collection and or cultivation of the North American variety.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asplenium_scolopendrium&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130272" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q1130272">Q1130272</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Asplenium_scolopendrium" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Asplenium scolopendrium">Asplenium scolopendrium</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/130489">130489</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/67V95">67V95</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/594778">594778</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/PYISC">PYISC</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Nature_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Nature Information System">EUNIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/150133">150133</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500198">233500198</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">FoIO: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flora.org.il/en/plants/ASPSCO">ASPSCO</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2650669">2650669</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=5592">5592</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/129105">129105</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/17051170-1">17051170-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10886824">10886824</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=192155">192155</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">MichiganFlora: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://michiganflora.net/species.aspx?id=203">203</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Botanical_Garden" title="Missouri Botanical Garden">MoBotPF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=285846">285846</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.129927/">2.129927</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=41964">41964</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/a93683ac-fe3b-4f25-8c45-c93b28c6d97e">a93683ac-fe3b-4f25-8c45-c93b28c6d97e</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=905814">905814</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_for_a_Future" title="Plants for a Future">PfaF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Asplenium+scolopendrium">Asplenium scolopendrium</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-26603800">tro-26603800</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/ASSC11">ASSC11</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A30216020-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30216020-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">RHS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/25910/wd/Details">25910</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/26603800">26603800</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">VASCAN: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/2756">2756</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0001110391">wfo-0001110391</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426033">426033</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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