CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91349a533f78d083',cH: 'Xv_hMsEY9dWW9.I5s2M2RWsbRBHz1n_a8xFaY4QHN7Y-1739782991-1.2.1.1-SMPzKCfK4HhCHGS8mt1i0TtqtUIq2KZVK0yOclqUyEjuuOpyZS6Kks_BMbL_RZJD',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=acoustic%20emission%20technology&__cf_chl_tk=Qhkz8L0cmD8zH6CaNQHsg8ZYLBy4GpW1mQhqly4.Onw-1739782991-1.0.1.1-JMMsYAN98Nk2Ja_vUm9Mf6.iazGBbASG4qNx5u8oy8o",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739782991',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=acoustic%20emission%20technology&__cf_chl_f_tk=Qhkz8L0cmD8zH6CaNQHsg8ZYLBy4GpW1mQhqly4.Onw-1739782991-1.0.1.1-JMMsYAN98Nk2Ja_vUm9Mf6.iazGBbASG4qNx5u8oy8o",md: "t2qqkAQ0WrEROWdaOQNLlHXBiGXgxr1E3kquaf3iqyQ-1739782991-1.2.1.1-ZuHWMdxr9LTu5uu6jDjTK0XTfgCH2hCX25e_WV0j0ZF.jJ.OtzwCdexsNm4Lzl0doNNta4hajAtshnmIN_.rCXoMCrbdhnw5bFdFx9RQVNRinyyXIEa_UJA0JjrIFeRGS9xzljN2JMl_snriL1J4SqjqcqkA1RcneGzIYHm5ykV4T8RUH.TbCt9DP0NA6Jxy0GVu8rBn6HilFGmabPjIroU4qu8s3UL90iME8CqZg35mqwXSdj7qY.3R2sWxdRnOEDk9O9Ea2.G.AhQk2zsdO2YxckdL2MeGypbV6brcFKgDe.Di2BiD_FDUG7cMaW6j2pipFc0Gz87KjvEy1mjHA55PTzi1GP5w9FyIbpWFdI4fHg0WAKpLb9.Ug0G0b0Ijq2PJpy_OYNGoMSE.VWuyPAnCqhwgG1zPv1E6Wmn3LykthGI0cGsM.s1DrEfSMGxpkc6h4KwJK_RqoaZyoVD8Jq5xvHtASYhg29lj5cCoJWo382rzw9N4hWGxDrKsxUm9tlA5CZ647UjOiHkAvsN33XhAyUGx7wVsnP8JAI5U6.xks7iYZdF.oz_QeYAYeV9XpxEkhJ1Dtlh4GBUUaFjaCcDfoBVi8l9hJkjRUFJM4cpXMfcCWveP5uRp8BZ9XqEf0cYIzUeWqhbmHDHQnIGWvFHkcRuF.TMMiXczeuGN7P_J7DqHxUXAPksPxqwMVxHpgJef2atBRsffGtjcnupofn72fp1fK4CMQ03U1MMrLIiGh.uaF825Cwxz2KXXb2Hi6mfJV_JIDAZEBrOOWKrnSaur3qLvS7mLfoa9ZO.s5GqzoBA7C3qy5vvASvOU3aTzeni.KBG.K1B81XR54d23akVWdpcsp.5twoDa_kuXLUu9zlCpSChwGP3GD0aeTyK0_HD3NpGgmV3gwt4x7q063IwwXlU7Bb1a.A7c98l0oH8t6N_lNl9eApExWNMm.L2Ddw0oXvNY0nCjyef82dqXD8PxCz9KX3Kh90f2ZLC3bwO7jlegJESVcW_fn_CxWBsng9VwgW4royWLsed_WQHnIfXrD9FRnKVm3B9p1ZYeupFIPSJXr9uD11E3ITh..SGLFD3sS4FzAV1xSjcHjkocOXk5O8sHb2d5V7u9n0yur3O05gEG7KzdcUwhUdPx08bGuECL9ZchVulExrP3a7WpWeJ8REXMvkocaAKqS35AkGFD.9K1H65z8ZZc7FPwC0kCg6vxKwvJWoy03SMJVFDqBu4hI8V1iEP9CJ05XlTqI9yk6w7xWbpOj.c7n4o8kWewZf1idGmKVi3Ap1.ElfnDqJO6li9_r1VSmDZrEkvQElvotpln1j93smGnbrJnvVJy2KDPTWexXal9jPa3gq06QRMMhU4Ig490xVn1miK2MBwNKWLrEWANk3LoTNpVBMchcQ.a7JloPDy19mKGpciQbn82CzH0nYm6EY0GFz97QicqjWu2JeLtH87bltOAQNq7Bm_.0iyeSr5a8vG0MVbLi6C9Jpk4ZP97WtBAZr1dgfVgWWOLwd00s7Ff_nFEFDqNETPcDHw6PlEv8kzMspY2mMLaWy.oM.azuLEcPJiTl7pavVTccyy5lkyhWXUy5Bb6dg8jy0McwmGsmnF9CU3v5L_QLluA2FejDx_qAsswNOCbszYBpaqg6XPM7sPkZDAPVf32eJHI5cdPYILw8f7ZdA3QTBlzLQ0JWd3CndHNjQbDqdBR5ejRaBF__tMwEzhX0TXbOIsXWPXdCJDtr_iz7F8FVjQg8SCodDuITiH5coC9WqxkGPR0oNrBZaxR97XE2ZxAM5eTHmOonjL6k3JAC8zadIHsH3RufdKVf9ez._wQ.H9Xieftz0_CntyC6ozLJXRkURZaHU4oVSMcNJDq8Jc6r4MIpKFyHGxNkxyVAc0u8T6ECGR_J6KvtPTDtmBvq0cgA.SlosoGy8ze8ZoXFEkrVVYmyVH.2td_YdKBiWQQ_5qHUi8ejWQ9mN4l1ZMdA83zWWjtbOpD2rkFz4McgQ",mdrd: "cvSTGayo0SVp5wf5HMsj806QO1wNopMUBjlf_OAewRM-1739782991-1.2.1.1-rlC2bg3xLVQZP12gEMEEnGw1Di2jEWv6HTZDmImgeqNYFo2A03bcfTgGk4Mz2fyPyRKroYyPss_4TexP.TcefhegbG8ut4vVEdeP7mB5tYB8bnd_LZ4mGX66Mh7z7RAbbRiEadOyURAEqvsKbkJPszjcpYgYT_DCMS_7CjXkgByGJ9XeEUi6BSc6j2ZrZvSrWvH3YtV.M9PnC8ctFvEynlzPHVevYSKvPnWmboPAm9pgjVZfphKkkDct1Cyze9FQld8U4ax4AH8DMN92YwqtcO80K4ToxFW2_HVbH87UcQcfaSUvlOUl2iejESMJnl5I8eeVW9sEPrUC0C5y9qNgCwtzJTq_oxl3puMT9xfUeVQoeWUAk5T8OKxVi32pTLl2c7hlDfFb6yAelOsQIsF43UDinFgH_xkv5SwHKG9JaikUo6L6g4oCNeZf62O_q0x.b4NbeYwRYPQDWqm3YMo7ZpC18LvfeVR00ElCvee5iHXlsimkkxuC1bXIPe3fDOHWpo4DI11Z27QpFBsRhu6weBZNbKsQPQPE.kVOG1c7u05uOtNAYS4bYeSvJW0V5SZv4mXCKwK3M4Ikr_bFZJTmXF7s3S_dXujS3elX9TCzs5zJTkmnU1v8DURjCNPa3WURQ5N2gu1w2Lwn3H_vzor3J4fB0JrubjgXAweOWtN3Yh6XbKLRX1VcFPK7BYZyhhUEdhYbGfBbcyfPTRehjX4vyrwrIzdulmXpzQkwbOdUdJHj86WuGs1NM6Q2qURksIcN4WEw4u2n5VJQDMm0q_FdTNSmeW_2_fLmNBLQwgW9STnbOlHvmvMIHCwCigYAjAKTfuwuM43G8saXFlm0h.U1Xr9BQOosATkIq0z09wOyeZjdapvRAjK.yKLwPlB9Dj26kNzupUl0BHGWQkLh28r5I5M0cijGzGp0CuHQSBZyQj4.kdn9UbgsnK.L4T_ATBDfUglyLM1y3SHlwnHqu.Xn14g1xEPUrELF87ph76u9vEWRzbRorgoZsZbKSrmbxhgL4xs6E.M.4SV2rI4LmRieoXo0iK7VycgpWId17mUCHAWBg5upXMseBaqDScak9VyhPHphXX16PK3UH4Rpq8W2r0ArOc.b9lF2DOv5LHdEfdw09nlkRbrsEUMWhq9jf2dnCj6S.5NvB1d6RIPBIyG.vw93TAg7WxARPxZKlRQtzIr9FMVdgR077SgD27ZEr58mYDDLVBUc5HBlMfMUGgPXzgPKiuIPQbG6WrhsdHKScIfS2TM7QLI1DPFm30eJDBkon59QccrA.lqc.FhvGWjrKVB30YafLBWoXI383UpGhENx.ZU.tnlS5PnX4tspsNUxjCA.pHHjyW_KUyibAdidfa5fqzPVo5wyIEGo2Uz1JCuhKxZ_wDhaKUvLj_66tQK72hLH9DDd3zJ.AB4Wb6CzwWndo8BQtUIqcfIZ3wZptf3mU9qGXhwUgAB6qzWoBGjDinIpd7cQXOCEW25I.IKuqSzSU2QJCeWL9n4lOGl2MNUxfJDF1TXSg9gh0Mj.53NeYxbi29TysvzA8LLkjk4ufQOoWhbQ8Bi81ab9HkU_nDVB51dvflvPg5RCH3UxVAsbvVIq0GwQWcTiiDSLrY8fwpnM.AZPxiOV80a_wHqhxgrsU7zoAvx0SdhbU6LjhDL94zWKZO61Scd8ynvyxAb_muzjZZxef0Au9fkXgBpwAQalmcvWQjeQslO7qRD8p3AU2lddsjtFKj5ReCwpoxkkARSsPKTmhJ7QlHvBoJY0qnsyZxNhdANp9cc0tUU_evQId_WMmgE6sLw5O4oAWe2PSwzaRKxO4PlovNZaJmZ6wxIIxk2BeGyoATsUPHkpysyJrQ14n8Vnsyb4WXxNxCme6tKY9YK9GlMLCIEaWGioEBglp2hY50E.xlnqB9xwg2Mq81IklB6wRR.pXVbJ5chSC_FAdvr3L4TKWa0F28HrIBqIlLvN80iBJTj_gTixQPMXTrk7.K6i8Kb5lguXYuAYXQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91349a533f78d083';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=acoustic%20emission%20technology&__cf_chl_rt_tk=Qhkz8L0cmD8zH6CaNQHsg8ZYLBy4GpW1mQhqly4.Onw-1739782991-1.0.1.1-JMMsYAN98Nk2Ja_vUm9Mf6.iazGBbASG4qNx5u8oy8o" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>