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level</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: watershed level"> <meta name="keywords" content="watershed level"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="watershed level"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 12851</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: watershed level</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12851</span> Assessment of Sustainability in the Wulo Abiye Watershed, Central Highlands of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getabalew%20Derib">Getabalew Derib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arragaw%20Alemayehu"> Arragaw Alemayehu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assessing the sustainability of watersheds holds significant importance for regional natural resource management and to achieve sustainable development. This study investigated the sustainability of the Wulo Abiye watershed, central highlands of Ethiopia. The sustainability status of the watershed was evaluated by using 17 indicators representing the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development goals (SDGs) based on the local and existing conditions of the watershed. The results indicated that environmental sustainability was at a ’ high’ level, while social and economic sustainability and the aggregate index were at ‘moderate’ levels. The overall level of community participation in the planning and evaluation phases of watershed management was at ’low’ levels. The implementation phase was at ’high’ level. Overall , the sustainability status of watershed management and level of community participation were at ‘moderate’ levels. The study concluded that integrated support is needed to overcome the identified challenges to achieve sustainable development in watersheds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wulo%20Abiye%20watershed" title="Wulo Abiye watershed">Wulo Abiye watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20participation" title=" community participation"> community participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20management" title=" watershed management"> watershed management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186988/assessment-of-sustainability-in-the-wulo-abiye-watershed-central-highlands-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12850</span> Households’ Willingness to Pay for Watershed Management Practices in Lake Hawassa Watershed, Southern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mulugeta%20Fola">Mulugeta Fola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengistu%20Ketema"> Mengistu Ketema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumilachew%20Alamerie"> Kumilachew Alamerie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Watershed provides vast economic benefits within and beyond the management area of interest. But most watersheds in Ethiopia are increasingly facing the threats of degradation due to both natural and man-made causes. To reverse these problems, communities’ participation in sustainable management programs is among the necessary measures. Hence, this study assessed the households’ willingness to pay for watershed management practices through a contingent valuation study approach. Double bounded dichotomous choice with open-ended follow-up format was used to elicit the households’ willingness to pay. Based on data collected from 275 randomly selected households, descriptive statistics results indicated that most households (79.64%) were willing to pay for watershed management practices. A bivariate Probit model was employed to identify determinants of households’ willingness to pay and estimate mean willingness to pay. Its result shows that age, gender, income, livestock size, perception of watershed degradation, social position, and offered bids were important variables affecting willingness to pay for watershed management practices. The study also revealed that the mean willingness to pay for watershed management practices was calculated to be 58.41 Birr and 47.27 Birr per year from the double bounded and open-ended format, respectively. The study revealed that the aggregate welfare gains from watershed management practices were calculated to be 931581.09 Birr and 753909.23 Birr per year from double bounded dichotomous choice and open-ended format, respectively. Therefore, the policymakers should make households to pay for the services of watershed management practices in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bivariate%20probit%20model" title="bivariate probit model">bivariate probit model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingent%20valuation" title=" contingent valuation"> contingent valuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20management%20practices" title=" watershed management practices"> watershed management practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=willingness%20to%20pay" title=" willingness to pay"> willingness to pay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139235/households-willingness-to-pay-for-watershed-management-practices-in-lake-hawassa-watershed-southern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12849</span> Integrated Watershed Management Practice in Chelchai Hyrcanian Forests in the North of Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashad%20Maramaei">Mashad Maramaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behrooz%20Chogan"> Behrooz Chogan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Ahmadi"> Reza Ahmadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human health and the health of his watershed are inseparable. This is because a watershed is an interconnected system of "land", "water", "air" and "life". Nowadays, most of the world's watersheds show symptoms of unhealthiness and require a prompt solution. It is believed that suitable solution is a participatory and Integrated Watershed Management (IWM). In recent decades the Hyrcanian forests in the north of Iran, which belongs to the end of the third geological era, are suffering from many environmental challenges such as land degradation, increasing trends of flood, drought and accelerated soil erosion. These challenges in the main forested area of the country impose many tangible and intangible damages and human losses. This is despite the fact that in the past decades, forestry programs, watershed management and other activities in the region have been implemented in a parallel and uncoordinated manner. Therefore, recently; the Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization has resorted to the concept of IWM planning the Hyrcanian watersheds. The Chelchai watershed as mostly degraded watershed in the eastern part of the Hyrcanian forests has been selected as a pilot watershed for implementation of the IWM. It has a drainage area of 25680 hectares and receives an average annual precipitation of 650 mm. In this mountainous region, the average temperature is 17.3 degrees Celsius. About 34% of the watershed is under cultivation, 64% under forest cover, 2% under built up areas and etc. In this research, the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the IWM model implementation of the Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization has been evaluated based on questionnaire method and field studies. The results indicated that IWM activities in the study area should be reconsidered and revived. Based on this research and the lessons learned during five years' experience in the Chelchai watershed; authors believe that seven important tasks are necessary for socially acceptable and successful implementation of IWM projects. These are: 1) Establishment of Local Coordination Committee (LCC) at the watershed level 2) working for development of a IWM law among government organizations to organize watershed management and eliminate parallel and contradictory activities 3) More investment on education of local communities, especially women and children 4) Development of trust builder and pattern projects that showing best agricultural and livestock management activities at each of 26 villages 5) Assigning forest protection to local communities. 6) Capacity building of government stakeholders. 7) Helping in the marketing of watershed products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20watershed%20management" title="integrated watershed management">integrated watershed management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chelchai" title=" Chelchai"> Chelchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyrcanian%20forests" title=" Hyrcanian forests"> Hyrcanian forests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191691/integrated-watershed-management-practice-in-chelchai-hyrcanian-forests-in-the-north-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12848</span> Hydro-Climatological, Geological, Hydrogeological and Geochemical Study of the Coastal Aquifer System of Chiba Watershed (Cape Bon Peninsula)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khawla%20Askri">Khawla Askri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Haythem%20Msaddek"> Mohamed Haythem Msaddek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AbdelAziz%20Sebei"> AbdelAziz Sebei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change combined with the increase in anthropogenic activities will affect coastal groundwater systems around the world and, more particularly, the Cap Bon region in the North East of Tunisia. This study aims to study the impact of climate change and human stress on the salinization and quantification of groundwater in the Wadi Chiba watershed. In this regard, a hydro-climatological study and a hydrogeological study were carried out based on the characterization of the aquifer system of the eastern coast at the level of the watershed of Wadi Chiba in order to seek to identify, first of all, the degradation of the state of the aquifer on the quantitative level by the study of the piezometric and its evolution over time. Secondly, we sought to identify the degradation of the state of the aquifer qualitatively by using the geochemical method, in particular the major elements, to assess the mineralization of the aquifer water and understand its hydrogeochemical functioning. The study of the Na + / Cl- and Ca2 + / Mg2 + chemical relationships confirmed the presence of a marine intrusion downstream of the Wadi Chiba watershed northeast of Cap-Bon accompanied by a piezometric depression. For this purpose, we proceeded to: 1) Mapping of both piezometric data and salinity. 2) The interpretation of the mapping results. 3)Identification of the origin of the localized deterioration in the quality of the aquifer water. Finally, the analysis of the results showed that the scarcity of water is already forcing human actions in the Chiba watershed due to the irrigation of agricultural lands and the overexploitation of the water table in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20activities" title=" human activities"> human activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20table" title=" water table"> water table</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wadi%20Chiba%20watershed" title=" Wadi Chiba watershed"> Wadi Chiba watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezometric%20depression" title=" piezometric depression"> piezometric depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20intrusion" title=" marine intrusion"> marine intrusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163279/hydro-climatological-geological-hydrogeological-and-geochemical-study-of-the-coastal-aquifer-system-of-chiba-watershed-cape-bon-peninsula" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12847</span> Identification of Watershed Landscape Character Types in Middle Yangtze River within Wuhan Metropolitan Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huijie%20Wang">Huijie Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Zhang"> Bin Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In China, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River are well-developed, boasting a wealth of different types of watershed landscape. In this regard, landscape character assessment (LCA) can serve as a basis for protection, management and planning of trans-regional watershed landscape types. For this study, we chose the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in Wuhan metropolitan area as our study site, wherein the water system consists of rich variety in landscape types. We analyzed trans-regional data to cluster and identify types of landscape characteristics at two levels. 55 basins were analyzed as variables with topography, land cover and river system features in order to identify the watershed landscape character types. For watershed landscape, drainage density and degree of curvature were specified as special variables to directly reflect the regional differences of river system features. Then, we used the principal component analysis (PCA) method and hierarchical clustering algorithm based on the geographic information system (GIS) and statistical products and services solution (SPSS) to obtain results for clusters of watershed landscape which were divided into 8 characteristic groups. These groups highlighted watershed landscape characteristics of different river systems as well as key landscape characteristics that can serve as a basis for targeted protection of watershed landscape characteristics, thus helping to rationally develop multi-value landscape resources and promote coordinated development of trans-regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title="GIS">GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20clustering" title=" hierarchical clustering"> hierarchical clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscape%20character" title=" landscape character"> landscape character</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscape%20typology" title=" landscape typology"> landscape typology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20component%20analysis" title=" principal component analysis"> principal component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title=" watershed"> watershed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105594/identification-of-watershed-landscape-character-types-in-middle-yangtze-river-within-wuhan-metropolitan-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105594.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12846</span> Modeling of Sediment Yield and Streamflow of Watershed Basin in the Philippines Using the Soil Water Assessment Tool Model for Watershed Sustainability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warda%20L.%20Panondi">Warda L. Panondi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norihiro%20Izumi"> Norihiro Izumi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sedimentation is a significant threat to the sustainability of reservoirs and their watershed. In the Philippines, the Pulangi watershed experienced a high sediment loss mainly due to land conversions and plantations that showed critical erosion rates beyond the tolerable limit of -10 ton/ha/yr in all of its sub-basin. From this event, the prediction of runoff volume and sediment yield is essential to examine using the country's soil conservation techniques realistically. In this research, the Pulangi watershed was modeled using the soil water assessment tool (SWAT) to predict its watershed basin's annual runoff and sediment yield. For the calibration and validation of the model, the SWAT-CUP was utilized. The model was calibrated with monthly discharge data for 1990-1993 and validated for 1994-1997. Simultaneously, the sediment yield was calibrated in 2014 and validated in 2015 because of limited observed datasets. Uncertainty analysis and calculation of efficiency indexes were accomplished through the SUFI-2 algorithm. According to the coefficient of determination (R2), Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), King-Gupta efficiency (KGE), and PBIAS, the calculation of streamflow indicates a good performance for both calibration and validation periods while the sediment yield resulted in a satisfactory performance for both calibration and validation. Therefore, this study was able to identify the most critical sub-basin and severe needs of soil conservation. Furthermore, this study will provide baseline information to prevent floods and landslides and serve as a useful reference for land-use policies and watershed management and sustainability in the Pulangi watershed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pulangi%20watershed" title="Pulangi watershed">Pulangi watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment%20yield" title=" sediment yield"> sediment yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=streamflow" title=" streamflow"> streamflow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWAT%20model" title=" SWAT model"> SWAT model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133502/modeling-of-sediment-yield-and-streamflow-of-watershed-basin-in-the-philippines-using-the-soil-water-assessment-tool-model-for-watershed-sustainability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12845</span> Progressive Watershed Management Approaches in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20R.%20Sadeghi">S. H. R. Sadeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sadoddin"> A. Sadoddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Najafinejad"> A. Najafinejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Expansionism and ever-increasing population menace all different resources worldwide. The issue, hence, is critical in developing countries like Iran where new technologies are rapidly luxuriated and unguardedly applied, resulting in unexpected outcomes. However, uncommon and comprehensive approaches are introduced to take all the different aspects involved into consideration. In the last decade, few approaches such as community-based, stakeholders-oriented, adaptive and ultimately integrated management, have emerged and are developing for efficient, Co-management or best management, economic and sustainable development and management of watershed resources in Iran. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to focus on state-of-the-art approaches for the management of watershed resources applied in Iran. The study has been then supported by reports of some case studies conducted throughout the country involving previously mentioned approaches. Scrutinizing results of the researches verified a progressive tendency of the managerial approaches in watershed management strategies leading to a general approaching balance situation. The approaches are firmly rooted in educational, research, executive, legal and policy-making sectors leading to some recuperation at different levels. However, there is a long way ahead to naturalize detrimental effects of unscientific, illegal and over exploitation of the watershed resources in Iran. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20management" title="comprehensive management">comprehensive management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20balance" title=" ecosystem balance"> ecosystem balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20watershed%20management" title=" integrated watershed management"> integrated watershed management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20resources%20optimization" title=" land resources optimization"> land resources optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75597/progressive-watershed-management-approaches-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12844</span> Using the GIS Technology for Erosion Risk Mapping of BEN EL WIDAN Dam Watershed in Beni Mallal, Marroco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azzouzi%20Fadoua">Azzouzi Fadoua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on the diagnosis of the dynamics of natural resources in a semi-arid mountainous weakened by natural vulnerability and anthropogenic action. This is evident in the forms of hydraulic erosion and degradation of agricultural land. The rate of this damaged land is 53%, with a strong presence of concentrated erosion; this shows that balanced and semi-balanced environments are less apparent to the Watershed, representing 47%. The results revealed the crucial role of the slopes and the density of the hydraulic networks to facilitate the transport of fine elements, at the level of the slopes with low vegetation intensity, to the lake of the dam. Something that endangers the siltation of the latter. After the study of natural and anthropogenic elements, it turned out that natural vulnerability is an integral part of the current dynamic, especially when it coincides with the overexploitation of natural resources, in this case, the exploitation of steep slopes for the cultivation of cereals and overgrazing. This causes the soil to pile up and increase the rate of runoff. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title="watershed">watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion" title=" erosion"> erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20vulnerability" title=" natural vulnerability"> natural vulnerability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic" title=" anthropogenic"> anthropogenic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156316/using-the-gis-technology-for-erosion-risk-mapping-of-ben-el-widan-dam-watershed-in-beni-mallal-marroco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12843</span> Effects of Watershed Erosion on Stream Channel Formation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tiao%20Chang">Tiao Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Caballero"> Ivan Caballero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Zhou"> Hong Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Streams carry water and sediment naturally by maintaining channel dimensions, pattern, and profile over time. Watershed erosion as a natural process has occurred to contribute sediment to streams over time. The formation of channel dimensions is complex. This study is to relate quantifiable and consistent channel dimensions at the bankfull stage to the corresponding watershed erosion estimation by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). Twelve sites of which drainage areas range from 7 to 100 square miles in the Hocking River Basin of Ohio were selected for the bankfull geometry determinations including width, depth, cross-section area, bed slope, and drainage area. The twelve sub-watersheds were chosen to obtain a good overall representation of the Hocking River Basin. It is of interest to determine how these bankfull channel dimensions are related to the soil erosion of corresponding sub-watersheds. Soil erosion is a natural process that has occurred in a watershed over time. The RUSLE was applied to estimate erosions of the twelve selected sub-watersheds where the bankfull geometry measurements were conducted. These quantified erosions of sub-watersheds are used to investigate correlations with bankfull channel dimensions including discharge, channel width, channel depth, cross-sectional area, and pebble distribution. It is found that drainage area, bankfull discharge and cross-sectional area correlates strongly with watershed erosion well. Furthermore, bankfull width and depth are moderately correlated with watershed erosion while the particle size, D50, of channel bed sediment is not well correlated with watershed erosion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title="watershed">watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stream" title=" stream"> stream</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment" title=" sediment"> sediment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel" title=" channel"> channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70362/effects-of-watershed-erosion-on-stream-channel-formation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12842</span> Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds in Semi Arid Region: A Case Study of Shevgaon and Pathardi Tahsils in Maharashtra</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dadasaheb%20R.%20Jawre">Dadasaheb R. Jawre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maya%20G.%20Unde"> Maya G. Unde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prioritization of sub-watershed plays important role in watershed management. It shows the requirement of watershed to give a treatment for the green growth of the region and conservation of the sub-watersheds. There is a number of factors like topography of the region, climatic characteristics like rainfall and runoff, land-use land-cover, social factors which are related to the development of watershed for agricultural uses and domestic purposes in the region. The present research is throwing a focus on how morphometric parameters in association with GIS analysis will help in identifying the ranking of the sub-watersheds for further development which help of suggested watershed structures. Shevgaon and Pathardi tahsils are drought prone tahsils of Ahmednagar district in Maharashtra. These tahsils come under the semi-arid region. Sub-watershed prioritization is necessary for proper planning and management of natural resources for sustainable development of the study area. Less rainfall and increasing population pressure on the land as well as water resources lead to scarcity of the water in the region. Hence, researcher has selected Shevgaon and Pathardi tahsils for sub-watershed prioritization. There are seven sub-watersheds which selected for the present research paper. In the morphological analysis linear aspects, aerial aspects and relief aspects are considered for the prioritization. The largest sub-watershed is Erdha which is located at Karanji in Pathardi tahsil having an area of 145.06 km2 and smallest sub-watershed is Erandgaon which is located in Shevgaon tahsil having an area of 40.143 km2. For all seven sub-watersheds, seven morphometric parameters were considered for calculating the compound parameter values. Finally, compound parameter values are grouped into three groups such as, high priority (below 4.0), moderate priority (4.0 to 5.0) and low priority (above 5.0) according to the compound value Erandgaon, Chapadgaon and Tarak sub-watersheds comes under high priority group, Erdha and Domeshwar sub-watersheds come under moderate priority group and Chandani and Kasichi sub-watershed come under low priority group. Both the tahsils falls in drought prone area, after getting the watershed structure overall development of the region will take place. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-watersheds" title="sub-watersheds">sub-watersheds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS%20and%20remote%20sensing" title=" GIS and remote sensing"> GIS and remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphometric%20analysis" title=" morphometric analysis"> morphometric analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compound%20parameter%20value" title=" compound parameter value"> compound parameter value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prioritization" title=" prioritization"> prioritization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150223/prioritization-of-sub-watersheds-in-semi-arid-region-a-case-study-of-shevgaon-and-pathardi-tahsils-in-maharashtra" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12841</span> Land Suitability Analysis for Rice Production in a Typical Watershed of Southwestern Nigeria: A Sustainability Pathway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwagbenga%20O.%20Isaac%20Orimoogunje">Oluwagbenga O. Isaac Orimoogunje</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omolola%20Helen%20Oshosanya"> Omolola Helen Oshosanya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined land management in a typical watershed in southwestern Nigeria with a view to ascertaining its impact on land suitability analysis for rice cultivation and production. The study applied the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), weighted overlay analysis (WOA), multi-criteria decision-making techniques, and suitability map calculations within a Geographic Information System environment. Five main criteria were used, and these include climate, topography, soil fertility, macronutrients, and micronutrients. A consistency ratio (CR) of 0.067 was obtained for rice cultivation. The results showed that 95% of the land area is suitable for rice cultivation, with pH units ranging between 4.6 and 6.0, organic matter of 1.4–2.5 g kg-1 and base saturation of more than 80%. The study concluded that the Ofiki watershed is a potential site for large-scale rice cultivation in a sustainable capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20management" title="land management">land management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20characteristics" title=" land characteristics"> land characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20suitability" title=" land suitability"> land suitability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20production" title=" rice production"> rice production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title=" watershed"> watershed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171918/land-suitability-analysis-for-rice-production-in-a-typical-watershed-of-southwestern-nigeria-a-sustainability-pathway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12840</span> Education for Sustainability: Implementing a Place-Based Watershed Science Course for High School Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20L.%20DiSantis">Dina L. DiSantis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development and implementation of a place-based watershed science course for high school students will prove to be a valuable experience for both student and teacher. By having students study and assess the watershed dynamics of a local stream, they will better understand how human activities affect this valuable resource. It is important that students gain tangible skills that will help them to have an understanding of water quality analysis and the importance of preserving our Earth's water systems. Having students participate in real world practices is the optimal learning environment and can offer students a genuine learning experience, by cultivating a knowledge of place, while promoting education for sustainability. Additionally, developing a watershed science course for high school students will give them a hands-on approach to studying science; which is both beneficial and more satisfying to students. When students conduct their own research, collect and analyze data, they will be intimately involved in addressing water quality issues and solving critical water quality problems. By providing students with activities that take place outside the confines of the indoor classroom, you give them the opportunity to gain an appreciation of the natural world. Placed-based learning provides students with problem-solving skills in everyday situations while enhancing skills of inquiry. An overview of a place-based watershed science course and its impact on student learning will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20for%20sustainability" title="education for sustainability">education for sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=place-based%20learning" title=" place-based learning"> place-based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20science" title=" watershed science"> watershed science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84182/education-for-sustainability-implementing-a-place-based-watershed-science-course-for-high-school-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12839</span> Prediction of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Dynamics in an Iowan Agriculture Watershed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Elhakeem">Mohamed Elhakeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Thanos%20Papanicolaou"> A. N. Thanos Papanicolaou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Wilson"> Christopher Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Jia%20Chang"> Yi-Jia Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a physically-based, modelling framework was developed to predict saturated hydraulic conductivity (KSAT) dynamics in the Clear Creek Watershed (CCW), Iowa. The modelling framework integrated selected pedotransfer functions and watershed models with geospatial tools. A number of pedotransfer functions and agricultural watershed models were examined to select the appropriate models that represent the study site conditions. Models selection was based on statistical measures of the models’ errors compared to the KSAT field measurements conducted in the CCW under different soil, climate and land use conditions. The study has shown that the predictions of the combined pedotransfer function of Rosetta and the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) provided the best agreement to the measured KSAT values in the CCW compared to the other tested models. Therefore, Rosetta and WEPP were integrated with the Geographic Information System (GIS) tools for visualization of the data in forms of geospatial maps and prediction of KSAT variability in CCW due to the seasonal changes in climate and land use activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saturated%20hydraulic%20conductivity" title="saturated hydraulic conductivity">saturated hydraulic conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedotransfer%20functions" title=" pedotransfer functions"> pedotransfer functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20models" title=" watershed models"> watershed models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20tools" title=" geospatial tools"> geospatial tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5877/prediction-of-saturated-hydraulic-conductivity-dynamics-in-an-iowan-agriculture-watershed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12838</span> Impact of Integrated Watershed Management Programme Based on Four Waters Concept: A Case Study of Sali Village, Rajasthan State of India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garima%20Sharma">Garima Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20N.%20Sharma"> R. N. Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Integrated watershed management programme based on 'Four Water Concept' was implemented in Sali village, in Jaipur District, Rajasthan State of India . The latitude 26.7234486 North and longitude 75.023876 East are the geocoordinate of the Sali. 'Four Waters Concept' is evolved by integrating the 'Four Waters', viz. rain water, soil moisture, ground water and surface water This methodology involves various water harvesting techniques to prevent the runoff of water by treatment of catchment, proper utilization of available water harvesting structures, renovation of the non-functional water harvesting structures and creation of new water harvesting structures. The case study included questionnaire survey from farmers and continuous study of village for two years. The total project area is 6153 Hac, and the project cost is Rs. 92.25 million. The sanctioned area of Sali Micro watershed is 2228 Hac with an outlay of Rs. 10.52 million. Watershed treatment activities such as water absorption trench, continuous contour trench, field bunding, check dams, were undertaken on agricultural lands for soil and water conservation. These measures have contributed in preventing runoff and increased the perennial availability of water in wells. According to the survey, water level in open wells in the area has risen by approximately 5 metres after the introduction of water harvesting structures. The continuous availability of water in wells has increased the area under irrigation and helped in crop diversification. Watershed management activities have brought the changes in cropping patterns and crop productivity. It helped in transforming 567 Hac culturable waste land into culturable arable land in the village. The farmers of village have created an additional income from the increased crop production. The programme also assured the availability of water during peak summers for the day to day activities of villagers. The outcomes indicate that there is positive impact of watershed management practices on the water resource potential as well the crop production of the area. This suggests that persistent efforts in this direction may lead to sustainability of the watershed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=four%20water%20concept" title="four water concept">four water concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwater%20potential" title=" groundwater potential"> groundwater potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation%20potential" title=" irrigation potential"> irrigation potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20management" title=" watershed management"> watershed management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70384/impact-of-integrated-watershed-management-programme-based-on-four-waters-concept-a-case-study-of-sali-village-rajasthan-state-of-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12837</span> Understanding Regional Circulations That Modulate Heavy Precipitations in the Kulfo Watershed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfay%20Mekonnen%20Weldegerima">Tesfay Mekonnen Weldegerima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analysis of precipitation time series is a fundamental undertaking in meteorology and hydrology. The extreme precipitation scenario of the Kulfo River watershed is studied using wavelet analysis and atmospheric transport, a lagrangian trajectory model. Daily rainfall data for the 1991-2020 study periods are collected from the office of the Ethiopian Meteorology Institute. Meteorological fields on a three-dimensional grid at 0.5o x 0.5o spatial resolution and daily temporal resolution are also obtained from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS). Wavelet analysis of the daily precipitation processed with the lag-1 coefficient reveals some high power recurred once every 38 to 60 days with greater than 95% confidence for red noise. The analysis also identified inter-annual periodicity in the periods 2002 - 2005 and 2017 - 2019. Back trajectory analysis for 3-day periods up to May 19/2011, indicates the Indian Ocean source; trajectories crossed the eastern African escarpment to arrive at the Kulfo watershed. Atmospheric flows associated with the Western Indian monsoon redirected by the low-level Somali winds and Arabian ridge are responsible for the moisture supply. The time-localization of the wavelet power spectrum yields valuable hydrological information, and the back trajectory approaches provide useful characterization of air mass source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extreme%20precipitation%20events" title="extreme precipitation events">extreme precipitation events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20spectrum" title=" power spectrum"> power spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=back%20trajectory" title=" back trajectory"> back trajectory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kulfo%20watershed" title=" kulfo watershed"> kulfo watershed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171595/understanding-regional-circulations-that-modulate-heavy-precipitations-in-the-kulfo-watershed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12836</span> Determination of the Runoff Coefficient in Urban Regions, an Example from Haifa, Israel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayal%20Siegel">Ayal Siegel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshe%20Inbar"> Moshe Inbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amatzya%20Peled"> Amatzya Peled</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined the characteristic runoff coefficient in different urban areas. The main area studied is located in the city of Haifa, northern Israel. Haifa spreads out eastward from the Mediterranean seacoast to the top of the Carmel Mountain range with an elevation of 300 m. above sea level. For this research project, four watersheds were chosen, each characterizing a different part of the city; 1) Upper Hadar, a spacious suburb on the upper mountain side; 2) Qiryat Eliezer, a crowded suburb on a level plane of the watershed; 3) Technion, a large technical research university which is located halfway between the top of the mountain range and the coast line. 4) Keret, a remote suburb, on the southwestern outskirts of Haifa. In all of the watersheds found suitable, instruments were installed to continuously measure the water level flowing in the channels. Three rainfall gauges scattered in the study area complete the hydrological requirements for this research project. The runoff coefficient C in peak discharge events was determined by the Rational Formula. The main research finding is the significant relationship between the intensity of rainfall, and the impervious area which is connected to the drainage system of the watershed. For less intense rainfall, the full potential of the connected impervious area will not be exploited. As a result, the runoff coefficient value decreases as do the peak discharge rate and the runoff yield from the storm event. The research results will enable application to other areas by means of hydrological model to be be set up on GIS software that will make it possible to estimate the runoff coefficient of any given city watershed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff%20%20coefficient" title="runoff coefficient">runoff coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rational%20method" title=" rational method"> rational method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20of%20concentration" title=" time of concentration"> time of concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connected%20impervious%20area." title=" connected impervious area. "> connected impervious area. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29755/determination-of-the-runoff-coefficient-in-urban-regions-an-example-from-haifa-israel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12835</span> Determination of Soil Loss by Erosion in Different Land Covers Categories and Slope Classes in Bovilla Watershed, Tirana, Albania</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valmir%20Baloshi">Valmir Baloshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fran%20Gjoka"> Fran Gjoka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nehat%20%C3%87ollaku"> Nehat Çollaku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elvin%20Toromani"> Elvin Toromani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a sediment production mechanism, soil erosion is the main environmental threat to the Bovilla watershed, including the decline of water quality of the Bovilla reservoir that provides drinking water to Tirana city (the capital of Albania). Therefore, an experiment with 25 erosion plots for soil erosion monitoring has been set up since June 2017. The aim was to determine the soil loss on plot and watershed scale in Bovilla watershed (Tirana region) for implementation of soil and water protection measures or payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs. The results of erosion monitoring for the period June 2017 - May 2018 showed that the highest values of surface runoff were noted in bare land of 38829.91 liters on slope of 74% and the lowest values in forest land of 12840.6 liters on slope of 64% while the highest values of soil loss were found in bare land of 595.15 t/ha on slope of 62% and lowest values in forest land of 18.99 t/ha on slope of 64%. These values are much higher than the average rate of soil loss in the European Union (2.46 ton/ha/year). In the same sloping class, the soil loss was reduced from orchard or bare land to the forest land, and in the same category of land use, the soil loss increased with increasing land slope. It is necessary to conduct chemical analyses of sediments to determine the amount of chemical elements leached out of the soil and end up in the reservoir of Bovilla. It is concluded that PES programs should be implemented for rehabilitation of sub-watersheds Ranxe, Vilez and Zall-Bastar of the Bovilla watershed with valuable conservation practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANOVA" title="ANOVA">ANOVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bovilla" title=" Bovilla"> Bovilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20cover" title=" land cover"> land cover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope" title=" slope"> slope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20loss" title=" soil loss"> soil loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20management" title=" watershed management"> watershed management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102135/determination-of-soil-loss-by-erosion-in-different-land-covers-categories-and-slope-classes-in-bovilla-watershed-tirana-albania" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12834</span> Image Analysis for Obturator Foramen Based on Marker-controlled Watershed Segmentation and Zernike Moments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seda%20Sahin">Seda Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emin%20Akata"> Emin Akata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obturator foramen is a specific structure in pelvic bone images and recognition of it is a new concept in medical image processing. Moreover, segmentation of bone structures such as obturator foramen plays an essential role for clinical research in orthopedics. In this paper, we present a novel method to analyze the similarity between the substructures of the imaged region and a hand drawn template, on hip radiographs to detect obturator foramen accurately with integrated usage of Marker-controlled Watershed segmentation and Zernike moment feature descriptor. Marker-controlled Watershed segmentation is applied to seperate obturator foramen from the background effectively. Zernike moment feature descriptor is used to provide matching between binary template image and the segmented binary image for obturator foramens for final extraction. The proposed method is tested on randomly selected 100 hip radiographs. The experimental results represent that our method is able to segment obturator foramens with % 96 accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20image%20analysis" title="medical image analysis">medical image analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segmentation%20of%20bone%20structures%20on%20hip%20radiographs" title=" segmentation of bone structures on hip radiographs"> segmentation of bone structures on hip radiographs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marker-controlled%20watershed%20segmentation" title=" marker-controlled watershed segmentation"> marker-controlled watershed segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zernike%20moment%20feature%20descriptor" title=" zernike moment feature descriptor"> zernike moment feature descriptor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31425/image-analysis-for-obturator-foramen-based-on-marker-controlled-watershed-segmentation-and-zernike-moments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12833</span> Presenting the Mathematical Model to Determine Retention in the Watersheds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Shamohammadi">S. Shamohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Razavi"> L. Razavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper based on the principle concepts of SCS-CN model, a new mathematical model for computation of retention potential (S) presented. In the mathematical model, not only precipitation-runoff concepts in SCS-CN model are precisely represented in a mathematical form, but also new concepts, called “maximum retention” and “total retention” is introduced, and concepts of potential retention capacity, maximum retention, and total retention have been separated from each other. In the proposed model, actual retention (F), maximum actual retention (Fmax), total retention (S), maximum retention (Smax), and potential retention (Sp), for the first time clearly defined, so that Sp is not variable, but a function of morphological characteristics of the watershed. Indeed, based on the mathematical relation of the conceptual curve of SCS-CN model, the proposed model provides a new method for the computation of actual retention in watershed and it simply determined runoff based on. In the corresponding relations, in addition to Precipitation (P), Initial retention (Ia), cumulative values of actual retention capacity (F), total retention (S), runoff (Q), antecedent moisture (M), potential retention (Sp), total retention (S), we introduced Fmax and Fmin referring to maximum and minimum actual retention, respectively. As well as, ksh is a coefficient which depends on morphological characteristics of the watershed. Advantages of the modified version versus the original model include a better precision, higher performance, easier calibration and speed computing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title="model">model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical" title=" mathematical"> mathematical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retention" title=" retention"> retention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title=" watershed"> watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCS" title=" SCS"> SCS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45992/presenting-the-mathematical-model-to-determine-retention-in-the-watersheds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12832</span> A Crop Growth Subroutine for Watershed Resources Management (WRM) Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kingsley%20Nnaemeka%20Ogbu">Kingsley Nnaemeka Ogbu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constantine%20Mbajiorgu"> Constantine Mbajiorgu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vegetation has a marked effect on runoff and has become an important component in hydrologic model. The watershed Resources Management (WRM) model, a process-based, continuous, distributed parameter simulation model developed for hydrologic and soil erosion studies at the watershed scale lack a crop growth component. As such, this model assumes a constant parameter values for vegetation and hydraulic parameters throughout the duration of hydrologic simulation. Our approach is to develop a crop growth algorithm based on the original plant growth model used in the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate Model (EPIC) model. This paper describes the development of a single crop growth model which has the capability of simulating all crops using unique parameter values for each crop. Simulated crop growth processes will reflect the vegetative seasonality of the natural watershed system. An existing model was employed for evaluating vegetative resistance by hydraulic and vegetative parameters incorporated into the WRM model. The improved WRM model will have the ability to evaluate the seasonal variation of the vegetative roughness coefficient with depth of flow and further enhance the hydrologic model’s capability for accurate hydrologic studies <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20yield" title="crop yield">crop yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness%20coefficient" title=" roughness coefficient"> roughness coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAR" title=" PAR"> PAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRM%20model" title=" WRM model"> WRM model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68452/a-crop-growth-subroutine-for-watershed-resources-management-wrm-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12831</span> Geomorphology and Flood Analysis Using Light Detection and Ranging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20R.%20Puno">George R. Puno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20N.%20Bruno"> Eric N. Bruno</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The natural landscape of the Philippine archipelago plus the current realities of climate change make the country vulnerable to flood hazards. Flooding becomes the recurring natural disaster in the country resulting to lose of lives and properties. Musimusi is among the rivers which exhibited inundation particularly at the inhabited floodplain portion of its watershed. During the event, rescue operations and distribution of relief goods become a problem due to lack of high resolution flood maps to aid local government unit identify the most affected areas. In the attempt of minimizing impact of flooding, hydrologic modelling with high resolution mapping is becoming more challenging and important. This study focused on the analysis of flood extent as a function of different geomorphologic characteristics of Musimusi watershed. The methods include the delineation of morphometric parameters in the Musimusi watershed using Geographic Information System (GIS) and geometric calculations tools. Digital Terrain Model (DTM) as one of the derivatives of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology was used to determine the extent of river inundation involving the application of Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) and Hydrology Modelling System (HEC-HMS) models. The digital elevation model (DEM) from synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) was used to delineate watershed boundary and river network. Datasets like mean sea level, river cross section, river stage, discharge and rainfall were also used as input parameters. Curve number (CN), vegetation, and soil properties were calibrated based on the existing condition of the site. Results showed that the drainage density value of the watershed is low which indicates that the basin is highly permeable subsoil and thick vegetative cover. The watershed’s elongation ratio value of 0.9 implies that the floodplain portion of the watershed is susceptible to flooding. The bifurcation ratio value of 2.1 indicates higher risk of flooding in localized areas of the watershed. The circularity ratio value (1.20) indicates that the basin is circular in shape, high discharge of runoff and low permeability of the subsoil condition. The heavy rainfall of 167 mm brought by Typhoon Seniang last December 29, 2014 was characterized as high intensity and long duration, with a return period of 100 years produced 316 m3s-1 outflows. Portion of the floodplain zone (1.52%) suffered inundation with 2.76 m depth at the maximum. The information generated in this study is helpful to the local disaster risk reduction management council in monitoring the affected sites for more appropriate decisions so that cost of rescue operations and relief goods distribution is minimized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flooding" title="flooding">flooding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geomorphology" title=" geomorphology"> geomorphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mapping" title=" mapping"> mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title=" watershed"> watershed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37315/geomorphology-and-flood-analysis-using-light-detection-and-ranging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12830</span> A Crop Growth Subroutine for Watershed Resources Management (WRM) Model 1: Description</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kingsley%20Nnaemeka%20Ogbu">Kingsley Nnaemeka Ogbu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constantine%20Mbajiorgu"> Constantine Mbajiorgu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vegetation has a marked effect on runoff and has become an important component in hydrologic model. The watershed Resources Management (WRM) model, a process-based, continuous, distributed parameter simulation model developed for hydrologic and soil erosion studies at the watershed scale lack a crop growth component. As such, this model assumes a constant parameter values for vegetation and hydraulic parameters throughout the duration of hydrologic simulation. Our approach is to develop a crop growth algorithm based on the original plant growth model used in the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate Model (EPIC) model. This paper describes the development of a single crop growth model which has the capability of simulating all crops using unique parameter values for each crop. Simulated crop growth processes will reflect the vegetative seasonality of the natural watershed system. An existing model was employed for evaluating vegetative resistance by hydraulic and vegetative parameters incorporated into the WRM model. The improved WRM model will have the ability to evaluate the seasonal variation of the vegetative roughness coefficient with depth of flow and further enhance the hydrologic model’s capability for accurate hydrologic studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff" title="runoff">runoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness%20coefficient" title=" roughness coefficient"> roughness coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAR" title=" PAR"> PAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRM%20model" title=" WRM model"> WRM model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56608/a-crop-growth-subroutine-for-watershed-resources-management-wrm-model-1-description" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12829</span> Calibration and Validation of ArcSWAT Model for Estimation of Surface Runoff and Sediment Yield from Dhangaon Watershed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20P.%20Tripathi">M. P. Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priti%20Tiwari"> Priti Tiwari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a distributed parameter continuous time model and was tested on daily and fortnightly basis for a small agricultural watershed (Dhangaon) of Chhattisgarh state in India. The SWAT model recently interfaced with ArcGIS and called as ArcSWAT. The watershed and sub-watershed boundaries, drainage networks, slope and texture maps were generated in the environment of ArcGIS of ArcSWAT. Supervised classification method was used for land use/cover classification from satellite imageries of the years 2009 and 2012. Manning's roughness coefficient 'n' for overland flow and channel flow and Fraction of Field Capacity (FFC) were calibrated for monsoon season of the years 2009 and 2010. The model was validated on a daily basis for the years 2011 and 2012 by using the observed daily rainfall and temperature data. Calibration and validation results revealed that the model was predicting the daily surface runoff and sediment yield satisfactorily. Sensitivity analysis showed that the annual sediment yield was inversely proportional to the overland and channel 'n' values whereas; annual runoff and sediment yields were directly proportional to the FFC. The model was also tested (calibrated and validated) for the fortnightly runoff and sediment yield for the year 2009-10 and 2011-12, respectively. Simulated values of fortnightly runoff and sediment yield for the calibration and validation years compared well with their observed counterparts. The calibration and validation results revealed that the ArcSWAT model could be used for identification of critical sub-watershed and for developing management scenarios for the Dhangaon watershed. Further, the model should be tested for simulating the surface runoff and sediment yield using generated rainfall and temperature before applying it for developing the management scenario for the critical or priority sub-watersheds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title="watershed">watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrologic%20and%20water%20quality" title=" hydrologic and water quality"> hydrologic and water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ArcSWAT%20model" title=" ArcSWAT model"> ArcSWAT model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff%20and%20sediment%20yield" title=" runoff and sediment yield"> runoff and sediment yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22112/calibration-and-validation-of-arcswat-model-for-estimation-of-surface-runoff-and-sediment-yield-from-dhangaon-watershed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12828</span> Abdominal Organ Segmentation in CT Images Based On Watershed Transform and Mosaic Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belgherbi%20Aicha">Belgherbi Aicha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadjidj%20Ismahen"> Hadjidj Ismahen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bessaid%20Abdelhafid"> Bessaid Abdelhafid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accurate Liver, spleen and kidneys segmentation in abdominal CT images is one of the most important steps for computer aided abdominal organs pathology diagnosis. In this paper, we have proposed a new semi-automatic algorithm for Liver, spleen and kidneys area extraction in abdominal CT images. Our proposed method is based on hierarchical segmentation and watershed algorithm. In our approach, a powerful technique has been designed to suppress over-segmentation based on mosaic image and on the computation of the watershed transform. The algorithm is currency in two parts. In the first, we seek to improve the quality of the gradient-mosaic image. In this step, we propose a method for improving the gradient-mosaic image by applying the anisotropic diffusion filter followed by the morphological filters. Thereafter we proceed to the hierarchical segmentation of the liver, spleen and kidney. To validate the segmentation technique proposed, we have tested it on several images. Our segmentation approach is evaluated by comparing our results with the manual segmentation performed by an expert. The experimental results are described in the last part of this work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anisotropic%20diffusion%20filter" title="anisotropic diffusion filter">anisotropic diffusion filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20images" title=" CT images"> CT images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20filter" title=" morphological filter"> morphological filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mosaic%20image" title=" mosaic image"> mosaic image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-abdominal%20organ%20segmentation" title=" multi-abdominal organ segmentation"> multi-abdominal organ segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mosaic%20image" title=" mosaic image"> mosaic image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20watershed%20algorithm" title=" the watershed algorithm"> the watershed algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20011/abdominal-organ-segmentation-in-ct-images-based-on-watershed-transform-and-mosaic-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">499</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12827</span> Modeling of Water Erosion in the M'Goun Watershed Using OpenGIS Software</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khal">M. Khal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ab.%20Algouti"> Ab. Algouti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Algouti"> A. Algouti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water erosion is the major cause of the erosion that shapes the earth's surface. Modeling water erosion requires the use of software and GIS programs, commercial or closed source. The very high prices for commercial GIS licenses, motivates users and researchers to find open source software as relevant and applicable as the proprietary GIS. The objective of this study is the modeling of water erosion and the hydrogeological and morphophysical characterization of the Oued M'Goun watershed (southern flank of the Central High Atlas) developed by free programs of GIS. The very pertinent results are obtained by executing tasks and algorithms in a simple and easy way. Thus, the various geoscientific and geostatistical analyzes of a digital elevation model (SRTM 30 m resolution) and their combination with the treatments and interpretation of satellite imagery information allowed us to characterize the region studied and to map the area most vulnerable to water erosion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20High-Atlas" title="central High-Atlas">central High-Atlas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogeology" title=" hydrogeology"> hydrogeology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%E2%80%99Goun%20watershed" title=" M’Goun watershed"> M’Goun watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OpenGis" title=" OpenGis"> OpenGis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20erosion" title=" water erosion"> water erosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99290/modeling-of-water-erosion-in-the-mgoun-watershed-using-opengis-software" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12826</span> Multi-Temporal Analysis of Vegetation Change within High Contaminated Watersheds by Superfund Sites in Wisconsin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Punwath%20Prum">Punwath Prum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superfund site is recognized publicly to be a severe environmental problem to surrounding communities and biodiversity due to its hazardous chemical waste from industrial activities. It contaminates the soil and water but also is a leading potential point-source pollution affecting ecosystem in watershed areas from chemical substances. The risks of Superfund site on watershed can be effectively measured by utilizing publicly available data and geospatial analysis by free and open source application. This study analyzed the vegetation change within high risked contaminated watersheds in Wisconsin. The high risk watersheds were measured by which watershed contained high number Superfund sites. The study identified two potential risk watersheds in Lafayette and analyzed the temporal changes of vegetation within the areas based on Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) analysis. The raster statistic was used to compare the change of NDVI value over the period. The analysis results showed that the NDVI value within the Superfund sites’ boundary has a significant lower value than nearby surrounding and provides an analogy for environmental hazard affect by the chemical contamination in Superfund site. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20contamination" title="soil contamination">soil contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20analysis" title=" spatial analysis"> spatial analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title=" watershed"> watershed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119900/multi-temporal-analysis-of-vegetation-change-within-high-contaminated-watersheds-by-superfund-sites-in-wisconsin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12825</span> Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Change on Watershed Runoff Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model in Southeast Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Emeka%20Anarah">Samuel Emeka Anarah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kingsley%20Nnaemeka%20Ogbu"> Kingsley Nnaemeka Ogbu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obasi%20Arinze"> Obasi Arinze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantifying the hydrological response due to changes in climate change is imperative for proper management of water resources within a watershed. The impact of climate change on the hydrology of the Upper Ebony River (UER) watershed, South East Nigeria, was studied using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model. A climatological time series analysis from 1985 - 2014 using non-parametric test showed significant negative trends in precipitation and relative humidity trend while minimum and maximum temperature, solar radiation and wind speed showed significant positive trends. Future hypothetical land-use change scenarios (Scenarios 1, 2, 3 and 4) representing urbanization and conversion of forest to agricultural land were combined with future downscaled climate model (CSIRO-Mk3-6-0) and simulated in SWAT model. Relative to the Baseline scenario (2005 - 2014), the results showed a decrease in streamflow by 10.29%, 26.20%, 11.80% and 26.72% for Scenarios 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Model results suggest development of adaptation strategies to cope with the predicted hydrological conditions under future climate change in the watershed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrology" title=" hydrology"> hydrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff" title=" runoff"> runoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWAT%20model" title=" SWAT model"> SWAT model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87127/assessment-of-the-impacts-of-climate-change-on-watershed-runoff-using-soil-and-water-assessment-tool-model-in-southeast-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12824</span> Modeling and Mapping of Soil Erosion Risk Using Geographic Information Systems, Remote Sensing, and Deep Learning Algorithms: Case of the Oued Mikkes Watershed, Morocco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=My%20Hachem%20Aouragh">My Hachem Aouragh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hind%20Ragragui"> Hind Ragragui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellah%20El-Hmaidi"> Abdellah El-Hmaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Essahlaoui"> Ali Essahlaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhadi%20El%20Ouali"> Abdelhadi El Ouali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates soil erosion susceptibility in the Oued Mikkes watershed, located in the Meknes-Fez region of northern Morocco, utilizing advanced techniques such as deep learning algorithms and remote sensing integrated within Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Spanning approximately 1,920 km², the watershed is characterized by a semi-arid Mediterranean climate with irregular rainfall and limited water resources. The waterways within the watershed, especially the Oued Mikkes, are vital for agricultural irrigation and potable water supply. The research assesses the extent of erosion risk upstream of the Sidi Chahed dam while developing a spatial model of soil loss. Several important factors, including topography, land use/land cover, and climate, were analyzed, with data on slope, NDVI, and rainfall erosivity processed using deep learning models (DLNN, CNN, RNN). The results demonstrated excellent predictive performance, with AUC values of 0.92, 0.90, and 0.88 for DLNN, CNN, and RNN, respectively. The resulting susceptibility maps provide critical insights for soil management and conservation strategies, identifying regions at high risk for erosion across 24% of the study area. The most high-risk areas are concentrated on steep slopes, particularly near the Ifrane district and the surrounding mountains, while low-risk areas are located in flatter regions with less rugged topography. The combined use of remote sensing and deep learning offers a powerful tool for accurate erosion risk assessment and resource management in the Mikkes watershed, highlighting the implications of soil erosion on dam siltation and operational efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20erosion" title="soil erosion">soil erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikkes%20Watershed" title=" Mikkes Watershed"> Mikkes Watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193099/modeling-and-mapping-of-soil-erosion-risk-using-geographic-information-systems-remote-sensing-and-deep-learning-algorithms-case-of-the-oued-mikkes-watershed-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12823</span> Aerial Photogrammetry-Based Techniques to Rebuild the 30-Years Landform Changes of a Landslide-Dominated Watershed in Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yichin%20Chen">Yichin Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Taiwan is an island characterized by an active tectonics and high erosion rates. Monitoring the dynamic landscape of Taiwan is an important issue for disaster mitigation, geomorphological research, and watershed management. Long-term and high spatiotemporal landform data is essential for quantifying and simulating the geomorphological processes and developing warning systems. Recently, the advances in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and computational photogrammetry technology have provided an effective way to rebuild and monitor the topography changes in high spatio-temporal resolutions. This study rebuilds the 30-years landform change in the Aiyuzi watershed in 1986-2017 by using the aerial photogrammetry-based techniques. The Aiyuzi watershed, located in central Taiwan and has an area of 3.99 Km², is famous for its frequent landslide and debris flow disasters. This study took the aerial photos by using UAV and collected multi-temporal historical, stereo photographs, taken by the Aerial Survey Office of Taiwan’s Forestry Bureau. To rebuild the orthoimages and digital surface models (DSMs), Pix4DMapper, a photogrammetry software, was used. Furthermore, to control model accuracy, a set of ground control points was surveyed by using eGPS. The results show that the generated DSMs have the ground sampling distance (GSD) of ~10 cm and ~0.3 cm from the UAV’s and historical photographs, respectively, and vertical error of ~1 m. By comparing the DSMs, there are many deep-seated landslides (with depth over 20 m) occurred on the upstream in the Aiyuzi watershed. Even though a large amount of sediment is delivered from the landslides, the steep main channel has sufficient capacity to transport sediment from the channel and to erode the river bed to ~20 m in depth. Most sediments are transported to the outlet of watershed and deposits on the downstream channel. This case study shows that UAV and photogrammetry technology are useful for topography change monitoring effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerial%20photogrammetry" title="aerial photogrammetry">aerial photogrammetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landslide" title=" landslide"> landslide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landform%20change" title=" landform change"> landform change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taiwan" title=" Taiwan"> Taiwan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78403/aerial-photogrammetry-based-techniques-to-rebuild-the-30-years-landform-changes-of-a-landslide-dominated-watershed-in-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12822</span> The Morphology and Flash Flood Characteristics of the Transboundary Khowai River: A Catchment Scale Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonahid%20Chakder">Jonahid Chakder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahfuzul%20Haque"> Mahfuzul Haque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flash flood is among the foremost disastrous characteristic hazards which cause hampering within the environment and social orders due to climate change across the world. In Northeastern region of Bangladesh faces severe flash floods regularly, Such, the Khowai river is a flash flood-prone river. But until now, there are no previous studies about the flash flood of this river. Farmlands Building resilience, protection of crops & fish enclosures of wetland in Habiganj Haor areas, regional roads, and business establishments were submerged due to flash floods. The flash floods of the Khowai River are frequent events, which happened in 1988, 1998, 2000, 2007, 2017, and 2019. Therefore, this study tries to analyze Khowai river morphology, Precipitation, Water level, Satellite image, and Catchment characteristics: a catchment scale analysis that helps to comprehend Khowai river flash flood characteristics and factors of influence. From precipitation analysis, the finding outcome disclosed the data about flash flood accurate zones at the Khowai district watershed. The morphological analysis workout from satellite image and find out the consequence of sinuosity and gradient of this river. The sinuosity indicates that the Khowai river is an antecedent and a meandering river and a meandering river can’t influence the flash flood of any region, but other factors respond here. It is understood that the Khowai river catchment elevation analysis from DEM is directly influenced. The left Baramura and Right Atharamura anticline of the Khowai basin watershed reflects a major impact on the stratigraphy as an impermeable clay layer and this consequence the water passes downward with the drainage pattern and Tributary. This drainage system, the gradient of tributary and their runoff, and the confluence of water in the pre-monsoon season rise the Khowai river water level which influences flash floods (within six hours of Precipitation). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geology" title="geology">geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gradient" title=" gradient"> gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tributary" title=" tributary"> tributary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drainage" title=" drainage"> drainage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed" title=" watershed"> watershed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flash%20flood" title=" flash flood"> flash flood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151993/the-morphology-and-flash-flood-characteristics-of-the-transboundary-khowai-river-a-catchment-scale-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20level&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20level&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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