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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Tom%C3%A1s_Morales" title="Francisco Tomás Morales – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Francisco Tomás Morales" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Tom%C3%A1s_Morales" title="Francisco Tomás Morales – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Francisco Tomás Morales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="فرنسيسكو توماس موراليس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فرنسيسكو توماس موراليس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Tom%C3%A1s_Morales" title="Francisco Tomás Morales – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Francisco Tomás Morales" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Моралес, Франсиско Томас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Моралес, Франсиско Томас" data-language-autonym="Русский" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Francisco+Tom%C3%A1s+Morales%22">"Francisco Tomás Morales"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Francisco+Tom%C3%A1s+Morales%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Francisco+Tom%C3%A1s+Morales%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Francisco+Tom%C3%A1s+Morales%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Francisco+Tom%C3%A1s+Morales%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Francisco+Tom%C3%A1s+Morales%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Francisco_Tomas_Morales.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Francisco_Tomas_Morales.PNG" decoding="async" width="230" height="333" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>Francisco Tomas Morales</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Francisco Tomás Morales</b> (Agüimes Carrizal, <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>, December 20, 1781 or 1783 – Las Palmas, Canary Islands, October 5, 1845), was a Spanish military, and the last of that country to hold the post of <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Venezuela" title="Captaincy General of Venezuela">Captain General of Venezuela</a>, reaching the rank of field marshal during the <a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_War_of_Independence" title="Venezuelan War of Independence">Venezuelan War of Independence</a>. </p><p>As recounted in a series of letters distributed by the <i>Philadelphia Gazette</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Newspapers.com_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newspapers.com-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1822 General Morales issued a decree widely interpreted by the American merchants then in <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Guaira" title="La Guaira">La Guaira</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Cabello" title="Puerto Cabello">Puerto Cabello</a> as a threat. The Americans solicited the help of Captain Robert T. Spence, whose frigate, the <a href="/wiki/HMS_Cyane_(1806)" title="HMS Cyane (1806)"><i>Cyane</i></a>, was in the area, to delay his departure for Africa (on piracy duty) to protect them from Morales. Spence complied for several days in October 1822, much to the relief of the Americans, at least briefly. </p><p>Morales conceded defeat after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Maracaibo" title="Battle of Lake Maracaibo">Battle of Lake Maracaibo</a> in July 1823. Puerto Cabello, the last Royalist stronghold in Venezuela, fell to the independentist forces in November 1823. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battles_and_campaigns">Battles and campaigns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Tom%C3%A1s_Morales&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Battles and campaigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width=50%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Place </th> <th>Years </th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Capitan%C3%ADa_General_de_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitanía General de Venezuela">Capitanía General de Venezuela</a> </td> <td>1813-1814 </td> <td>Campaigns under <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tom%C3%A1s_Boves" title="José Tomás Boves">José Tomás Boves</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Capitan%C3%ADa_General_de_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitanía General de Venezuela">Capitanía General de Venezuela</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td>1º Campaign of <a href="/wiki/Isla_Margarita" class="mw-redirect" title="Isla Margarita">Margarita Island</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Nueva_Granada" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada">Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada</a> </td> <td>1815 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cartagena_(1815)" title="Siege of Cartagena (1815)">Siege of Cartagena (1815)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Capitan%C3%ADa_General_de_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitanía General de Venezuela">Capitanía General de Venezuela</a> </td> <td>1816 </td> <td>Destruction of 1º Haitian Expedition of los Cayos in <a href="/wiki/Car%C3%BApano" title="Carúpano">Carúpano</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Capitan%C3%ADa_General_de_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitanía General de Venezuela">Capitanía General de Venezuela</a> </td> <td>1817-1820 </td> <td>Campaigns under <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Morillo" title="Pablo Morillo">Pablo Morillo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Capitan%C3%ADa_General_de_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitanía General de Venezuela">Capitanía General de Venezuela</a> </td> <td>1821-1822 </td> <td>Campaigns under <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_la_Torre" title="Miguel de la Torre">Miguel de la Torre</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Capitan%C3%ADa_General_de_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitanía General de Venezuela">Capitanía General de Venezuela</a> </td> <td>1822-1823 </td> <td>Campaign of Occidente (<a href="/wiki/Maracaibo" title="Maracaibo">Maracaibo</a>) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Tom%C3%A1s_Morales&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Newspapers.com-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Newspapers.com_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 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.cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1">"From the Philadelphia Gazette". <i>The Evening Post, New York, NY</i>. June 24, 1823.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Evening+Post%2C+New+York%2C+NY&rft.atitle=From+the+Philadelphia+Gazette&rft.date=1823-06-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrancisco+Tom%C3%A1s+Morales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #CF9C65;">Military offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_la_Torre" title="Miguel de la Torre">Miguel de la Torre</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Venezuela_Province" title="List of governors of Venezuela Province">Captain General of Venezuela Province</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; 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