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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Kotak+hitam&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D13093021" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Kotak+hitam&returntoquery=diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D13093021" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Asal_penemuan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asal_penemuan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Asal penemuan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asal_penemuan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asal_istilah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asal_istilah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Asal istilah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Asal_istilah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Asal istilah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Asal_istilah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Red_Egg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Egg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Red Egg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Egg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Box-of-tricks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Box-of-tricks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Box-of-tricks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Box-of-tricks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengembangan_teknologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengembangan_teknologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pengembangan teknologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pengembangan_teknologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Kotak hitam: Perbedaan antara revisi</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 52 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF_(%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="صندوق أسود (طيران) – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صندوق أسود (طيران)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_qutu_(n%C9%99qliyyat)" title="Qara qutu (nəqliyyat) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qara qutu (nəqliyyat)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="ফ্লাইট রেকর্ডার – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্লাইট রেকর্ডার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crna_kutija" title="Crna kutija – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Crna kutija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caixa_negra" title="Caixa negra – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Caixa negra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%81%DA%95%DB%8C%D9%86" title="تۆمارکەری فڕین – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تۆمارکەری فڕین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cern%C3%A1_sk%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%88ka_(doprava)" title="Černá skříňka (doprava) – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Černá skříňka (doprava)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_boks" title="Sort boks – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sort boks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flugschreiber" title="Flugschreiber – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Flugschreiber" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_recorder" title="Flight recorder – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Flight recorder" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigra_skatolo_(aviadilo)" title="Nigra skatolo (aviadilo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nigra skatolo (aviadilo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grabadora_de_vuelo" title="Grabadora de vuelo – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grabadora de vuelo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lennuki_pardasalvesti" title="Lennuki pardasalvesti – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lennuki pardasalvesti" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutxa_beltz" title="Kutxa beltz – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kutxa beltz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%87" title="جعبه سیاه – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جعبه سیاه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musta_laatikko" title="Musta laatikko – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Musta laatikko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enregistreur_de_vol" title="Enregistreur de vol – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Enregistreur de vol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taifead%C3%A1n_eitilte" title="Taifeadán eitilte – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Taifeadán eitilte" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_(%D7%AA%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94)" title="קופסה שחורה (תעופה) – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קופסה שחורה (תעופה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%95" title="उड़ान अभिलेखक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उड़ान अभिलेखक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feketedoboz_(k%C3%B6zleked%C3%A9s)" title="Feketedoboz (közlekedés) – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Feketedoboz (közlekedés)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svarti_kassinn" title="Svarti kassinn – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Svarti kassinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatola_nera" title="Scatola nera – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scatola nera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9C%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9_(%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA)" title="ブラックボックス (航空) – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブラックボックス (航空)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kothak_ireng" title="Kothak ireng – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kothak ireng" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ფრენის ჩამწერი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრენის ჩამწერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9E%99%EB%B0%95%EC%8A%A4_(%ED%95%AD%EA%B3%B5%EA%B8%B0)" title="블랙박스 (항공기) – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="블랙박스 (항공기)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registrador_de_vol" title="Registrador de vol – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Registrador de vol" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skryd%C5%BEio_%C4%AFra%C5%A1ymo_%C4%AFrenginys" title="Skrydžio įrašymo įrenginys – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Skrydžio įrašymo įrenginys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0" title="कॉकपिट व्हॉइस रेकॉर्डर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कॉकपिट व्हॉइस रेकॉर्डर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotak_hitam_(pengangkutan)" title="Kotak hitam (pengangkutan) – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kotak hitam (pengangkutan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockpitvoicerecorder" title="Cockpitvoicerecorder – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cockpitvoicerecorder" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdsskriver" title="Ferdsskriver – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ferdsskriver" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rejestrator_parametr%C3%B3w_lotu" title="Rejestrator parametrów lotu – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rejestrator parametrów lotu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caixa_negra" title="Caixa negra – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Caixa negra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Enregistrator_de_zbor" title="Înregistrator de zbor – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Înregistrator de zbor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Бортовые средства объективного контроля – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бортовые средства объективного контроля" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_recorder" title="Flight recorder – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Flight recorder" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapisova%C4%8D_letov%C3%BDch_%C3%BAdajov" title="Zapisovač letových údajov – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zapisovač letových údajov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Crna_skrinjica_(letalstvo)" title="Črna skrinjica (letalstvo) – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Črna skrinjica (letalstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svarta_l%C3%A5dan" title="Svarta lådan – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Svarta lådan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="விமான கருப்புப் பெட்டி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விமான கருப்புப் பெட்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="ఫ్లైట్ రికార్డర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఫ్లైట్ రికార్డర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B3_(%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87)" title="กล่องดำ (การขนส่ง) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กล่องดำ (การขนส่ง)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakutu" title="Karakutu – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karakutu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Бортовий самописець – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бортовий самописець" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%B9_%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88%D8%B1" title="فلائٹ ریکارڈر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فلائٹ ریکارڈر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qora_quti" title="Qora quti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qora quti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_l%C6%B0u_chuy%E1%BA%BFn_bay" title="Bộ lưu chuyến bay – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ lưu chuyến bay" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%A2_%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%9B%D7%98%D7%9C" title="שווארצע שאכטל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שווארצע שאכטל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E7%B4%80%E9%8C%84%E5%84%80" title="飛行紀錄儀 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="飛行紀錄儀" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E6%A9%9F%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92" title="飛機黑盒 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="飛機黑盒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q998319#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kotak_hitam" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan:Kotak_hitam&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi (halaman belum tersedia) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kotak_hitam"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&oldid=13093021&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&action=edit&oldid=13093021" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kotak_hitam"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&oldid=13093021&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&action=edit&oldid=13093021" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Kotak_hitam" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Kotak_hitam" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&oldid=13093021" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Kotak_hitam&id=13093021&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DKotak_hitam%26diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D13093021"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DKotak_hitam%26diff%3Dprev%26oldid%3D13093021"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kotak+hitam"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Flight_data_recorders" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q998319" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-mw-helplink" class="mw-indicator"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Diff" target="_blank" class="mw-helplink"><span class="mw-helplink-icon"></span>Bantuan</a></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div 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rhanx" data-mw-revid="13092708"><bdi>Rians rhanx</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Pengguna:Rians_rhanx" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Pembicaraan Pengguna:Rians rhanx">bicara</a> | <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_pengguna/Rians_rhanx" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Istimewa:Kontribusi pengguna/Rians rhanx">kontrib</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>1.009</span> suntingan</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle3"><span class="comment mw-comment-none">Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan</span></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&diff=prev&oldid=13092708" title="Kotak hitam" id="differences-prevlink">← Revisi sebelumnya</a></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-ntitle diff-side-added"><div id="mw-diff-ntitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&oldid=13093021" title="Kotak hitam">Revisi per 1 Agustus 2017 17.23</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&action=edit&oldid=13093021" title="Kotak hitam">sunting</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2017-08-01T17:23:27Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&action=edit&undoafter=13092708&undo=13093021" title=""Balikkan" membatalkan revisi ini dan membuka kotak penyuntingan dengan mode pratayang. Alasan dapat ditambahkan di kotak ringkasan.">balikkan</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/Pengguna:RaymondSutanto" class="mw-userlink" title="Pengguna:RaymondSutanto" data-mw-revid="13093021"><bdi>RaymondSutanto</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Pengguna:RaymondSutanto" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Pembicaraan Pengguna:RaymondSutanto">bicara</a> | <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_pengguna/RaymondSutanto" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Istimewa:Kontribusi pengguna/RaymondSutanto">kontrib</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Birokrat" title="Wikipedia:Birokrat">Birokrat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pengecualian_blokir_IP" title="Wikipedia:Pengecualian blokir IP">Pengecualian blokir IP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pengurus" title="Wikipedia:Pengurus">Pengurus</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>31.411</span> suntingan</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"><abbr class="minoredit" title="Ini adalah suntingan kecil">k</abbr> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">←Suntingan <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_pengguna/Rians_rhanx" title="Istimewa:Kontribusi pengguna/Rians rhanx">Rians rhanx</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Pengguna:Rians_rhanx" title="Pembicaraan Pengguna:Rians rhanx">bicara</a>) dibatalkan ke versi terakhir oleh <a href="/wiki/Pengguna:HsfBot" title="Pengguna:HsfBot">HsfBot</a></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&diff=next&oldid=13093021" title="Kotak hitam" id="differences-nextlink">Revisi selanjutnya →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Baris 39:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Baris 39:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Kategori:Penerbangan]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[Kategori:Penerbangan]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Kategori:Perekam pesawat terbang]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[Kategori:Perekam pesawat terbang]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>[[Kategori:Istilah penerbangan]]</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Revisi per 1 Agustus 2017 17.23</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Black_box.aeroplane.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Black_box.aeroplane.JPG/200px-Black_box.aeroplane.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Black_box.aeroplane.JPG/300px-Black_box.aeroplane.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Black_box.aeroplane.JPG/400px-Black_box.aeroplane.JPG 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="446" /></a><figcaption>Kotak hitam</figcaption></figure><p><b>Kotak hitam</b> atau <i><b>black box</b></i> adalah sekumpulan perangkat yang digunakan dalam bidang <a href="/wiki/Transportasi" title="Transportasi">transportasi</a> - umumnya merujuk kepada <a href="/wiki/Perekam_data_penerbangan" title="Perekam data penerbangan">perekam data penerbangan</a> (<i>flight data recorder</i>; FDR) dan <a href="/wiki/Perekam_suara_kokpit" title="Perekam suara kokpit">perekam suara kokpit</a> (<i>cockpit voice recorder</i>; CVR) dalam <a href="/wiki/Pesawat_terbang" title="Pesawat terbang">pesawat terbang</a>. </p><p>Fungsi dari kotak hitam sendiri adalah untuk merekam pembicaraan antara <a href="/wiki/Pilot" title="Pilot">pilot</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Pemandu_lalu_lintas_udara" title="Pemandu lalu lintas udara">pemandu lalu lintas udara</a> atau <i>air traffic control</i> (ATC) serta untuk mengetahui <a href="/wiki/Tekanan_udara" class="mw-redirect" title="Tekanan udara">tekanan udara</a> dan kondisi <a href="/wiki/Cuaca" title="Cuaca">cuaca</a> selama penerbangan. Walaupun dinamakan kotak hitam tetapi sesungguhnya kotak tersebut tidak berwarna hitam tetapi berwarna <a href="/wiki/Jingga" title="Jingga">jingga</a> (oranye). Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memudahkan pencarian jika pesawat itu mengalami <a href="/wiki/Kecelakaan" title="Kecelakaan">kecelakaan</a>. </p><p>Penempatan kotak hitam ini dilakukan sedemikian rupa sehingga mudah ditemukan. Umumnya terdapat dua unit kotak hitam yang terdiri dari Cockpit Voice recorder (alatperekam suara di ruang kemudi pilot) dan Flight data recorder(alat rekam data penerbangan) dan di era abad ke 20 pabrik elektronik ini menggabungkan kedua alat ini yang kemudian populer sebagai nama Combi Box Recorder yaitu combinasi dari data dan suara. kedua alat tersebut memilki pemantauan fungsi dari ruang kemudi, namun data rekaman yang terletak pada recorder data tersebut umumnya diletakkan pada bagian ekor pesawat, yang pada umumnya merupakan bagian yang utuh ditemukan serta mudah terlepas dari struktur pesawat utama. Setelah banyaknya kejadian kecelakaan pesawat maka <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Penerbangan_Sipil_Internasional" title="Organisasi Penerbangan Sipil Internasional">ICAO</a> mengeluarkan rekomendasi baru dimana perusahaan penerbangan wajib mengimplementasikan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aerotekavia.com/egypt-air-ms804/">Aircraft Tracking System</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asal_penemuan">Asal penemuan</h2></div> <p>Terdapat berbagai versi dalam penemuan kotak hitam atau alat perekam dalam dunia penerbangan. Terlebih lagi ketika kecelakaan <a href="/wiki/Pesawat_terbang" title="Pesawat terbang">pesawat terbang</a>, seringkali pesawat hancur sehingga sulit dicari sebab kecelakaan tersebut. Hal tersebut mendorong Dr.sona candranata, seorang ahli ledakan, membuat alat yang dapat merekam semua informasi sebelum terjadi kecelakaan. </p><p>Idenya diambil dari sebuah alat tape recorder yang berukuran saku, dan disain dibuat di <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, untuk dilanjutkan menjadi alat yang merekam semua arus komunikasi dalam penerbangan. Alat ini ini bisa merekam suara pilot dan semua data yang diterima dari 8 alat yang berbeda. Semua data ini bisa dipisah dan menghasilkan data yang akurat tentang penyebab kecelakaan. Alat ini kemudian dirancang untuk digunakan dalam perawatan dan pemeliharaan pesawat. Sehingga diketahui bagian mana yang mengalami tekanan. </p><p>Alat rekaman ini kemudian dimasukkan dalam kotak baja yang kuat untuk menjaga agar tidak ikut hancur ketika kecelakaan pesawat. Kotak ini kemudian dilapisi Asbes tahan api sehingga kabel-kabelnya tidak ikut rusak karena panas. </p><p>Masalah lain adalah ketika kekhawatiran pembicaraan para pilot selama penerbangan tersiar ke masyarakat umum dan disalahgunakan. Untuk mengatasi ini, dibuatkan komputer khusus yang disambungkan ke perekam. Dengan bantuan grafik, bisa dihasilkan gambar dari setiap kejadian. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asal_istilah">Asal istilah</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Egg">Red Egg</h3></div> <p>Istilah <i>kotak hitam</i> muncul ketika selepas pertemuan mengenai perekam penerbangan komersial pertama yang dinamai "Red Egg" karena warna dan bentuknya, seseorang berkomentar: "Ini adalah kotak hitam yang menakjubkan". Kotak hitam adalah istilah yang lebih humoris dan hampir tidak pernah digunakan dalam industri keselamatan penerbangan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan. since September 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">butuh rujukan</a></i>]</span></sup> Perekam ini secara umum tidak berwarna hitam, namun biasanya oranye terang (lihat gambar) karena ditujukan agar mudah dicari dan ditemukan setelah terjadi suatu insiden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Box-of-tricks">Box-of-tricks</h3></div> <p>Asal alternatif untuk istilah ini adalah dari terminologi <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Udara_Kerajaan" class="mw-disambig" title="Angkatan Udara Kerajaan">RAF</a> ketika <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Selama periode inovasi elektronik baru pada 1940-1945, benda seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oboe_(navigasi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oboe (navigasi) (halaman belum tersedia)">Oboe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=GEE_(navigasi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GEE (navigasi) (halaman belum tersedia)">GEE</a> dan <a href="/wiki/H2S_radar" title="H2S radar">H2S</a> dipasang pada pesawat (biasanya pesawat pengebom) secara rutin. Purwarupanya ditutupi kotak besi buatan dan dicat hitam untuk mencegah pemantulan. Setelah beberapa waktu, barang elektronik "baru" apapun disebut sebagai "kotak trik" (<i>box-of-tricks</i>) atau "kotak hitam" (<i>black box</i>). Ekspresi ini meluas hingga masa penerbangan sipil setelah perang dan akhirnya penggunaan secara umum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengembangan_teknologi">Pengembangan teknologi</h2></div> <p>Alat perekam dalam penerbangan ini, <i>Flight Data Recorder</i> (FDR) atau <i>Cockpit Voice Recorder</i> (CVR), umumnya menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Pita_kaset" title="Pita kaset">pita perekam</a> selayaknya <a href="/wiki/Kaset" class="mw-disambig" title="Kaset">kaset</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Tape_recorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Tape recorder">tape recorder</a>. Namun perkembangan baru, kini telah digunakan FDR atapun CVR yang merekam menggunakan chip memory khusus. </p><p>Ketika terjadi insiden <a href="/wiki/11_September" title="11 September">11 September</a> <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> yang dikenal dengan 9-11, muncul usulan dari pihak keselamatan penerbangan agar kokpit persawat dilengkapi dengan Video Data Recorder yang merekam aktivitas dan situasi pilot saat penerbangan termasuk menit-menit terakhir dalam kecelakaan untuk melihat situasi sebenarnya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Flight_data_recorders" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Flight data recorders"><span style="">Flight data recorders</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.popularmechanics.com/blogs/science_news/4255108.html">Popular Mechanics, March 19, 2008</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/aviation/beyond-the-black-box">"Beyond the Black Box: Instead of storing flight data on board, aircraft could easily send the information in real time to the ground,"</a> by Krishna M. Kavi, <i>IEEE Spectrum,</i> August 2010</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etep.com">etep, Flight Recorder designer</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siiri.tampere.fi/displayContent.do?uri=http://siiri.tampere.fi/content/20120601/13401000039090.jpg&type=big">Finnish Mata-Hari Flight Recorder in Museums of Tampere City</a></li> <li>Egypt Air trigger <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Penerbangan_Sipil_Internasional" title="Organisasi Penerbangan Sipil Internasional">ICAO</a> for <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aerotekavia.com/egypt-air-ms804/">Aircraft tracking system</a></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&oldid=13093021">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kotak_hitam&oldid=13093021</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Alat_perekam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Alat perekam (halaman belum tersedia)">Alat perekam</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Aksesoris_kendaraan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Aksesoris kendaraan (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksesoris kendaraan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Penerbangan" title="Kategori:Penerbangan">Penerbangan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Perekam_pesawat_terbang" title="Kategori:Perekam pesawat terbang">Perekam pesawat terbang</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_dengan_pernyataan_yang_tidak_disertai_rujukan" title="Kategori:Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan">Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_dengan_pernyataan_yang_tidak_disertai_rujukan_Agustus_2017" title="Kategori:Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan Agustus 2017">Artikel dengan pernyataan yang tidak disertai rujukan Agustus 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pranala_kategori_Commons_ditentukan_secara_lokal" title="Kategori:Pranala kategori Commons ditentukan secara lokal">Pranala kategori Commons ditentukan secara lokal</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 1 Agustus 2017, pukul 17.23.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. 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