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li > ul.mfn-megamenu-bg{box-sizing:border-box}#Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu-bg{padding:20px 166px 20px 20px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:right bottom}.rtl #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu-bg{padding-left:166px;padding-right:20px;background-position:left bottom}#Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu-bg > li{background:none}#Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu-bg > li a{border:none}#Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu-bg > li > ul{background:none!important;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 0 0;-moz-box-shadow:0 0 0 0;box-shadow:0 0 0 0}.mm-vertical #Top_bar .container{position:relative}.mm-vertical #Top_bar .top_bar_left{position:static}.mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li ul{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 transparent!important;background-image:none}.mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu{padding:20px 0}.mm-vertical.header-plain #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu{width:100%!important;margin:0}.mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > 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#menu{display:none;height:auto;width:300px;bottom:auto;top:100%;right:1px;position:absolute;margin:0}.header-simple #Header a.responsive-menu-toggle{display:block;right:10px}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu > ul{width:100%;float:left}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li{width:100%;padding-bottom:0;border-right:0;position:relative}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li a{padding:0 20px;margin:0;display:block;height:auto;line-height:normal;border:none}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li a:not(.menu-toggle):after{display:none}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li a span{border:none;line-height:44px;display:inline;padding:0}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li.submenu .menu-toggle{display:block;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:44px;height:44px;line-height:44px;font-size:30px;font-weight:300;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;color:#444;opacity:0.33;transform:unset}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li.submenu .menu-toggle:after{content:"+";position:static}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li.hover > 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ul{border-left:0!important;padding:0;top:0}.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li ul li a{padding:0 20px 0 40px}.rtl.header-simple #Top_bar #menu{left:1px;right:auto}.rtl.header-simple #Top_bar a.responsive-menu-toggle{left:10px;right:auto}.rtl.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li.submenu .menu-toggle{left:0;right:auto}.rtl.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li ul{left:auto!important;right:0!important}.rtl.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li a{padding:0 30px 0 20px}.rtl.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li ul li a{padding:0 40px 0 20px}.menu-highlight #Top_bar .menu > li{margin:0 2px}.menu-highlight:not(.header-creative) #Top_bar .menu > li > a{padding:0;-webkit-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px}.menu-highlight #Top_bar .menu > li > a:after{display:none}.menu-highlight #Top_bar .menu > li > a span:not(.description){line-height:50px}.menu-highlight #Top_bar .menu > li > a span.description{display:none}.menu-highlight.header-stack #Top_bar .menu > li > a{margin:10px 0!important}.menu-highlight.header-stack #Top_bar .menu > li > a span:not(.description){line-height:40px}.menu-highlight.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li,.menu-highlight.header-creative #Top_bar #menu ul li{margin:0}.menu-highlight.header-simple #Top_bar #menu ul li > a,.menu-highlight.header-creative #Top_bar #menu ul li > a{-webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0}.menu-highlight:not(.header-fixed):not(.header-simple) #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a{margin:10px 0!important;padding:5px 0!important}.menu-highlight:not(.header-fixed):not(.header-simple) #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a span{line-height:30px!important}.header-modern.menu-highlight.menuo-right .menu_wrapper{margin-right:20px}.menu-line-below #Top_bar .menu > li > a:not(.menu-toggle):after{top:auto;bottom:-4px}.menu-line-below #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a:not(.menu-toggle):after{top:auto;bottom:-4px}.menu-line-below-80 #Top_bar:not(.is-sticky) .menu > li > a:not(.menu-toggle):after{height:4px;left:10%;top:50%;margin-top:20px;width:80%}.menu-line-below-80-1 #Top_bar:not(.is-sticky) .menu > li > a:not(.menu-toggle):after{height:1px;left:10%;top:50%;margin-top:20px;width:80%}.menu-link-color #Top_bar .menu > li > a:not(.menu-toggle):after{display:none!important}.menu-arrow-top #Top_bar .menu > li > a:after{background:none repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0)!important;border-color:#ccc transparent transparent;border-style:solid;border-width:7px 7px 0;display:block;height:0;left:50%;margin-left:-7px;top:0!important;width:0}.menu-arrow-top #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a:after{top:0!important}.menu-arrow-bottom #Top_bar .menu > li > a:after{background:none!important;border-color:transparent transparent #ccc;border-style:solid;border-width:0 7px 7px;display:block;height:0;left:50%;margin-left:-7px;top:auto;bottom:0;width:0}.menu-arrow-bottom #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a:after{top:auto;bottom:0}.menuo-no-borders #Top_bar .menu > li > a span{border-width:0!important}.menuo-no-borders #Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li > a span{border-bottom-width:0}.menuo-no-borders.header-plain #Top_bar a#header_cart,.menuo-no-borders.header-plain #Top_bar a#search_button,.menuo-no-borders.header-plain #Top_bar .wpml-languages,.menuo-no-borders.header-plain #Top_bar a.action_button{border-width:0}.menuo-right #Top_bar .menu_wrapper{float:right}.menuo-right.header-stack:not(.header-center) #Top_bar .menu_wrapper{margin-right:150px}body.header-creative{padding-left:50px}body.header-creative.header-open{padding-left:250px}body.error404,body.under-construction,body.template-blank,body.under-construction.header-rtl.header-creative.header-open{padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}.header-creative.footer-fixed #Footer,.header-creative.footer-sliding #Footer,.header-creative.footer-stick #Footer.is-sticky{box-sizing:border-box;padding-left:50px}.header-open.footer-fixed #Footer,.header-open.footer-sliding #Footer,.header-creative.footer-stick #Footer.is-sticky{padding-left:250px}.header-rtl.header-creative.footer-fixed #Footer,.header-rtl.header-creative.footer-sliding #Footer,.header-rtl.header-creative.footer-stick #Footer.is-sticky{padding-left:0;padding-right:50px}.header-rtl.header-open.footer-fixed #Footer,.header-rtl.header-open.footer-sliding #Footer,.header-rtl.header-creative.footer-stick #Footer.is-sticky{padding-right:250px}#Header_creative{background-color:#fff;position:fixed;width:250px;height:100%;left:-200px;top:0;z-index:9002;-webkit-box-shadow:2px 0 4px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.15);box-shadow:2px 0 4px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.15)}#Header_creative .container{width:100%}#Header_creative .creative-wrapper{opacity:0;margin-right:50px}#Header_creative a.creative-menu-toggle{display:block;width:34px;height:34px;line-height:34px;font-size:22px;text-align:center;position:absolute;top:10px;right:8px;border-radius:3px}.admin-bar #Header_creative a.creative-menu-toggle{top:42px}#Header_creative #Top_bar{position:static;width:100%}#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_left{width:100%!important;float:none}#Header_creative #Top_bar .logo{float:none;text-align:center;margin:15px 0}#Header_creative #Top_bar #menu{background-color:transparent}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu_wrapper{float:none;margin:0 0 30px}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li{width:100%;float:none;position:relative}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li > a{padding:0;text-align:center}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li > a:after{display:none}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li > a span{border-right:0;border-bottom-width:1px;line-height:38px}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu li ul{left:100%;right:auto;top:0;box-shadow:2px 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.03);-webkit-box-shadow:2px 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.03)}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu{margin:0;width:700px!important}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li > ul{left:0}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu li ul li a{padding-top:9px;padding-bottom:8px}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu li ul li ul{top:0}#Header_creative #Top_bar .menu > li > a span.description{display:block;font-size:13px;line-height:28px!important;clear:both}.menuo-arrows #Top_bar .menu > li.submenu > a > span:after{content:unset!important}#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_right{width:100%!important;float:left;height:auto;margin-bottom:35px;text-align:center;padding:0 20px;top:0;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_right:before{content:none}#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_right .top_bar_right_wrapper{flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center}#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_right .top-bar-right-icon,#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_right .wpml-languages,#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_right .top-bar-right-button,#Header_creative #Top_bar .top_bar_right .top-bar-right-input{min-height:30px;margin:5px}#Header_creative #Top_bar .search_wrapper{left:100%;top:auto}#Header_creative #Top_bar .banner_wrapper{display:block;text-align:center}#Header_creative #Top_bar .banner_wrapper img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:inline-block}#Header_creative #Action_bar{display:none;position:absolute;bottom:0;top:auto;clear:both;padding:0 20px;box-sizing:border-box}#Header_creative #Action_bar .contact_details{width:100%;text-align:center;margin-bottom:20px}#Header_creative #Action_bar .contact_details li{padding:0}#Header_creative #Action_bar .social{float:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 0 15px}#Header_creative #Action_bar .social li{margin-bottom:2px}#Header_creative #Action_bar .social-menu{float:none;text-align:center}#Header_creative #Action_bar .social-menu li{border-color:rgba(0,0,0,.1)}#Header_creative .social li a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.5)}#Header_creative .social li a:hover{color:#000}#Header_creative .creative-social{position:absolute;bottom:10px;right:0;width:50px}#Header_creative .creative-social li{display:block;float:none;width:100%;text-align:center;margin-bottom:5px}.header-creative .fixed-nav.fixed-nav-prev{margin-left:50px}.header-creative.header-open .fixed-nav.fixed-nav-prev{margin-left:250px}.menuo-last #Header_creative #Top_bar .menu li.last ul{top:auto;bottom:0}.header-open #Header_creative{left:0}.header-open #Header_creative .creative-wrapper{opacity:1;margin:0!important}.header-open #Header_creative .creative-menu-toggle,.header-open #Header_creative .creative-social{display:none}.header-open #Header_creative #Action_bar{display:block}body.header-rtl.header-creative{padding-left:0;padding-right:50px}.header-rtl #Header_creative{left:auto;right:-200px}.header-rtl #Header_creative .creative-wrapper{margin-left:50px;margin-right:0}.header-rtl #Header_creative a.creative-menu-toggle{left:8px;right:auto}.header-rtl #Header_creative .creative-social{left:0;right:auto}.header-rtl #Footer #back_to_top.sticky{right:125px}.header-rtl #popup_contact{right:70px}.header-rtl #Header_creative #Top_bar .menu li ul{left:auto;right:100%}.header-rtl #Header_creative #Top_bar .search_wrapper{left:auto;right:100%}.header-rtl .fixed-nav.fixed-nav-prev{margin-left:0!important}.header-rtl .fixed-nav.fixed-nav-next{margin-right:50px}body.header-rtl.header-creative.header-open{padding-left:0;padding-right:250px!important}.header-rtl.header-open #Header_creative{left:auto;right:0}.header-rtl.header-open #Footer #back_to_top.sticky{right:325px}.header-rtl.header-open #popup_contact{right:270px}.header-rtl.header-open .fixed-nav.fixed-nav-next{margin-right:250px}#Header_creative.active{left:-1px}.header-rtl #Header_creative.active{left:auto;right:-1px}#Header_creative.active .creative-wrapper{opacity:1;margin:0}.header-creative .vc_row[data-vc-full-width]{padding-left:50px}.header-creative.header-open .vc_row[data-vc-full-width]{padding-left:250px}.header-open .vc_parallax .vc_parallax-inner{left:auto;width:calc(100% - 250px)}.header-open.header-rtl .vc_parallax .vc_parallax-inner{left:0;right:auto}#Header_creative.scroll{height:100%;overflow-y:auto}#Header_creative.scroll:not(.dropdown) .menu li ul{display:none!important}#Header_creative.scroll #Action_bar{position:static}#Header_creative.dropdown{outline:none}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar .menu_wrapper{float:left;width:100%}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li{position:relative;float:left}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li a:not(.menu-toggle):after{display:none}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li a span{line-height:38px;padding:0}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li.submenu .menu-toggle{display:block;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:38px;height:38px;line-height:38px;font-size:26px;font-weight:300;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;color:#444;opacity:0.33;z-index:203}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li.submenu .menu-toggle:after{content:"+";position:static}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li.hover > .menu-toggle:after{content:"-"}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul.sub-menu li:not(:last-of-type) a{border-bottom:0}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul.mfn-megamenu li .menu-toggle{display:none}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li ul{position:relative!important;left:0!important;top:0;padding:0;margin-left:0!important;width:auto!important;background-image:none}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li{width:100%!important}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li a{padding:0 10px;text-align:center}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li a .menu-arrow{display:none}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li a span{padding:0}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li a span:after{display:none!important}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu a.mfn-megamenu-title{text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:400}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li > ul{display:block!important;position:inherit;left:auto;top:auto}#Header_creative.dropdown #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li ul{border-left:0!important;padding:0;top:0}#Header_creative{transition:left .5s ease-in-out,right .5s ease-in-out}#Header_creative .creative-wrapper{transition:opacity .5s ease-in-out,margin 0s ease-in-out .5s}#Header_creative.active .creative-wrapper{transition:opacity .5s ease-in-out,margin 0s ease-in-out}}@media only screen and (min-width:1240px){#Top_bar.is-sticky{position:fixed!important;width:100%;left:0;top:-60px;height:60px;z-index:701;background:#fff;opacity:.97;-webkit-box-shadow:0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1);-moz-box-shadow:0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1);box-shadow:0 2px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.layout-boxed.header-boxed #Top_bar.is-sticky{left:50%;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}#Top_bar.is-sticky .top_bar_left,#Top_bar.is-sticky .top_bar_right,#Top_bar.is-sticky .top_bar_right:before{background:none;box-shadow:unset}#Top_bar.is-sticky .logo{width:auto;margin:0 30px 0 20px;padding:0}#Top_bar.is-sticky #logo,#Top_bar.is-sticky .custom-logo-link{padding:5px 0!important;height:50px!important;line-height:50px!important}.logo-no-sticky-padding #Top_bar.is-sticky #logo{height:60px!important;line-height:60px!important}#Top_bar.is-sticky #logo img.logo-main{display:none}#Top_bar.is-sticky #logo img.logo-sticky{display:inline;max-height:35px}.logo-sticky-width-auto #Top_bar.is-sticky #logo img.logo-sticky{width:auto}#Top_bar.is-sticky .menu_wrapper{clear:none}#Top_bar.is-sticky .menu_wrapper .menu > li > a{padding:15px 0}#Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a,#Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a span{line-height:30px}#Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a:after{top:auto;bottom:-4px}#Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a span.description{display:none}#Top_bar.is-sticky .secondary_menu_wrapper,#Top_bar.is-sticky .banner_wrapper{display:none}.header-overlay #Top_bar.is-sticky{display:none}.sticky-dark #Top_bar.is-sticky,.sticky-dark 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15px 30px 0 rgba(1,7,39,.13)}#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content h1,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content h2,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content h3,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content h4,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content h5,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content h6,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content ol,#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content ul{color:#626262}#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content a,#mfn-gdpr a.mfn-gdpr-readmore{color:#161922}#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-content a:hover,#mfn-gdpr a.mfn-gdpr-readmore:hover{color:#0089f7}#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-button{background-color:#006edf;color:#ffffff;border-color:transparent}#mfn-gdpr .mfn-gdpr-button:hover{background-color:#0089f7;color:#ffffff;border-color:transparent}@media only screen and ( min-width:768px ){.header-semi #Top_bar:not(.is-sticky){background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.8)}}@media only screen and ( max-width:767px ){#Top_bar{background-color:#ffffff !important}#Action_bar{background-color:#007dc5 !important}#Action_bar .contact_details{color:#222222}#Action_bar .contact_details a{color:#0095eb}#Action_bar .contact_details a:hover{color:#007cc3}#Action_bar .social li a,#Action_bar .social-menu a{color:#bbbbbb!important}#Action_bar .social li a:hover,#Action_bar .social-menu a:hover{color:#777777!important}} form input.display-none{display:none!important} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='style-css' href='https://www.wyatt.com/wp-content/themes/betheme-child/style.css?ver=6.4.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='mfn-custom-inline-css' type='text/css'> @supports (-ms-ime-align: auto) { } span {font-family:"Open Sans", Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif !important;} @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .header-classic #Header .top_bar_left {width:1306px;} #Top_bar .menu > li > a {padding:15px 5px;} #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu_wrapper .menu > li > a {padding:15px 5px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu{ padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; width:92.5%!important; margin:0px 3%;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu .container {display:block;} /** Added 121024 **/ h1 { line-height: 44px !important; } .h2-underline {border-bottom: thick solid #ffb600; padding-bottom: 15px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu::before {content:' '; background:#fff; position:absolute; width:100vw; height:100%; margin-left: -50vw; left: 50%; } .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > .menu-overlap {z-index:1;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.4); position:absolute; width:100vw; height:100vh; margin-left: -50vw; left: 50%; cursor:hand; cursor:pointer;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li.not-active a{color:#444444;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li.not-active a::after {opacity:0;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu a.mfn-megamenu-title, .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu a.mfn-megamenu-title:hover {padding:5px 0px; background:transparent; color:#444444; text-transform:unset;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu a.mfn-megamenu-title:hover span {text-decoration:none ;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu ul {background:transparent; } .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li >ul.mfn-megamenu ul a {color:#007dc5; } .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li >ul.mfn-megamenu ul a:hover {background:transparent;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li a {padding:5px 0px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li a:hover {text-decoration:underline;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul {padding:20px 20px 20px 2px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul a {padding:5px; border:0px; color:#007dc5;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul a:hover {background:transparent; } .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul a:hover span {text-decoration:underline ;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li {padding-top:20px; padding-bottom:25px; border-right: 0px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);} /*for parent title in sbmenu*/ .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li:first-child {display:none; width:auto; padding-bottom:0px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li:first-child h3 {padding-top:20px; line-height:30px; border-bottom:1px solid #ccc; font-weight:600;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li:first-child h3 a{color:#444444;} /*for contact submenu*/ .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-2437 li.mfn-megamenu-cols-2 li {} /*menu button css*/ .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-5221 a span {background:#007dc5; color:#fff; border-radius:6px; line-height:40px; margin-top:8px; margin-left:20px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-5221 a:after {display:none;} #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-5221 > a, #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-5221 > a span {line-height:30px; margin-top:0px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-6152 a {color:#000 !important; padding-top:0px !important; white-space:nowrap; color: #007dc5 !important; font-weight: 400;} /*set width of menu item*/ .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2341 {width:343px; padding-left: 80px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2348 {width:278px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2355 {width:288px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2363 {width:240px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2369 {width:541px; padding-left:70px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2379 {width:340px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2384 {width:280px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2391 {width:350px; padding-left:80px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2395 {width:310px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2403 {width:310px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2408 {width:210px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-5918 {width:487px; padding-left:115px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-5919 {width:387px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-5920 {width:280px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-2427 {width:700px; padding-left:300px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-5235 {width:487px; padding-left:115px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-5765 {width:310px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-26131 {width:387px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-15082 {width:700px; padding-left:300px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-15044 {width:397px;} } @media only screen and (max-width: 1239px) { #menu > ul > li > a, a.action_button, #overlay-menu ul li a { font-size: 15px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 1px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li > ul.mfn-megamenu > li:first-child {display:none; width:auto; padding-bottom:0px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li a {font-size:16px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar #menu ul li ul li ul li a {font-size:15px;} } /* Header */ .header-classic #Top_bar { border-bottom: 0px solid #e1e1e1;} .header-classic:not(.home) #Content { border-top: 0px solid #e1e1e1; } .header-classic.home .mfn-rev-slider { border-top: 1px solid #e1e1e1; } /*Action Bar*/ #Action_bar a {color:#fff;} /* Widget */ .widget-area:before { display: none; } .aside_left .widget-area { border: 0; } /* Icon box */ .icon_box.has_border { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e1e1e1; padding: 40px 10%; } .icon_box.no_border {background: #fff; border:0px; padding: 40px 10%;} .icon_box.has_border:after {border:0px} /* Offer box */ .offer_box { background-color: #252525; padding: 20px 20px 5px; text-align: center; } .offer_box .offer_box_list { border-width: 1px 1px 0 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #929292; font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 2px; margin-bottom: 20px; } .offer_box .offer_box_list a { display: block; color: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #929292; padding: 18px 15px; word-wrap: break-word; } /* Footer */ /*#Footer { border-top: 1px solid #e1e1e1; }*/ #Footer .widget > h4 { font-size: 18px; font-weight: 300; margin-bottom: 20px; } #Footer .footer_copy { background: #465158; border-top: 0; } .before-footer {background: #f9f9f9;} #Footer .footer_copy .social { display: none; } /**/ .top-widgets-container {float:right} .top-widgets-container .widget {padding-bottom:0px; margin-bottom:0px; float:right;margin-top:0px;} .top-widgets-container .widget ul.menu{list-style:none; padding:0px;} .top-widgets-container .widget ul.menu li {float:left; padding:12px 0px;} .top-widgets-container .widget ul.menu li a{padding:0px 20px; border-right:1px solid #ccc; line-height:15px;} .top-widgets-container .widget ul.menu li:last-child a{border-right:0px;} .top-widgets-container .widget_search .icon-search-fine {font-size:24px; line-height:40px;} .top-widgets-container .widget_search input[type="text"] {width:82%; float:right; padding:5px 10px 5px 5px; border:0px; margin-top:7px; height:30px;min-height:30px;} #menu-top-navigation .cart a {padding:0px 20px; } #menu-top-navigation .cart a:before {font-family: "mfn-icons"; content:'\e82d'; float:left; padding-right:10px; font-size:26px; color:#fff; text-indent:0;} .mobilecart {display:none; width:30px; float:right; margin-top:11px;} .mobilecart a { padding:0px; border:0px;} .mobilecart a:before {font-family: "mfn-icons"; content:'\e82d'; float:left; left:15px; font-size:26px; color:#fff; text-indent:0;} @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { .top-widgets-container .widget {float:none;} .top-widgets-container .widget.widget_nav_menu {max-width:245px; margin:0px auto; clear:both;} .top-widgets-container .widget ul.menu li a {padding:0px 15px;} #menu-top-navigation .cart.menu-item-2449 {display:none;} #menu-top-navigation .cart a {padding:0px 10px;} .widget_archive ul li:after, .widget_nav_menu ul li:after {display:none;} .widget:after {display:none;} .top-widgets-container {float:none; margin:0px auto;} .top-widgets-container .widget_search input[type="text"] {width:80%;} .mobilecart {display:block;} .top-widgets-container .widget_search {width:254px; overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:20px; margin:0px auto;} .top-widgets-container .widget_search .searchform{width:210px; float:left;} } .icon-100 .image_wrapper img {width:150px; height:150px;} .down-heading, .heading {padding-left:17px;} @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { .down-heading, .heading {padding:0px; text-align:center;} } .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li {border-width:0px;} .page-id-2602 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a {padding:14px 28px !important;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li {border:0px; padding:5px 0px;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a {background-image:none; font-size:100%; color:#2991d6; padding:5px 10px 5px 20px !important;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a:hover {text-decoration:underline;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a {color:#000; border-left:3px solid #2991d6; border-radius:0px !important; padding:5px 10px 5px 17px !important;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav {width:23%; border:0px !important;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel {width:76.7%; border:0px !important; padding-top:5px;} @media only screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1239px) { .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a {font-size:100%;} } @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav {width:100%;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel {width:100%; padding-top:15px;} .column_tabs .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a {-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;} } .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li h3 {margin:0px; padding:0px;} .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li h3 a { text-decoration: none; display: block; padding: 14px 30px !important; font-size: 100%; font-weight:initial; } .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .icon_box {padding-bottom:2px;} .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-fourth {width:25%;} .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-second, .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-fourth, .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-third, .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.two-third{margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} @media only screen and (min-width: 960px) and (max-width: 1239px) { .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li h3 a {font-size:100%; padding:10px 20px !important;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 959px) { .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li h3 a {font-size:100%; padding:5px 10px !important;} } /* Make Nav Subheadings unclickable */ .unclickable > a:hover { cursor: default;} .wp-caption-text { background: transparent; color: #075c97; font-size:90%;} .ls-wrapper h3 a {color: #075c97;} .column_sidebar_widget {float:none;} /*app notes*/ ul.clients.appnotes .client_wrapper {text-align:left; height:auto !important; line-height:auto !important; overflow:hidden;} ul.clients.appnotes li:nth-child(2n+1) {clear:both;} ul.clients.appnotes .client_wrapper img { position:relative; left:auto !important; top: auto !important; float:left; -webkit-transform: none!important; -moz-transform: none!important; transform: none!important; padding-right:20px; width:auto!important; } ul.clients.appnotes .client_wrapper h3 { line-height:20px; font-size:16px; letter-spacing:1px; padding-top:10px;} ul.clients.appnotes .client_wrapper a:hover {text-decoration:none;} @media only screen and (max-width: 640px) { ul.clients.appnotes li {width:100% !important; clear:both;} } .pager {padding-top:20px;} .pager .page-numbers {border:1px solid #ccc; padding:3px 5px;} .pager .prev.page-numbers, .pager .next.page-numbers {border:0px;} .alignleft {margin:3px 10px 10px 0px;} dl {clear:both;} .team.team_vertical img.scale-with-grid {width:100%;} .column_placeholder {margin-bottom:0px;} .icon-height img{max-height:50px;} .single .post-header {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} .single .section-post-header .single-photo-wrapper.image {display:none;} .widget_mfn_menu ul li.menu-item-has-children > a::after {content: '\e868'; font-family: "mfn-icons"; right:2px; position:absolute; width:20px; height:15px; color:#ccc; } table th ul, table td ul {list-style-position:inside !important;} .sticky-white #Top_bar.is-sticky, .sticky-white #Top_bar.is-sticky #menu, #Top_bar.is-sticky {background:#fff; opacity:1;} /*Webinars latest posts*/ .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li {margin-top:15px; margin-bottom:15px;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li.has-post-thumbnail .desc {margin-left: 70px; width: 95%;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .photo {width:70px; border-right:0px; text-align:center; display:table;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .photo a {display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .photo img {max-width:50px !important; vertical-align:middle;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .desc {border-left:3px solid #000; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li.category-webinars .desc h5 a{color:#007dc5;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .date {display:none;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .icon-comment-empty-fa {display:none} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .post-comments {display:none;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .button-love {display:none;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt {margin-top:0px;} .parent-pageid-3663 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt p{margin-bottom:0px; line-height:20px;} /*Upcoming Live Webinars*/ .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li {margin-top:15px; margin-bottom:15px;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li.has-post-thumbnail .desc {margin-left: 70px; width: 95%;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .photo {width:70px; border-right:0px; text-align:center; display:table;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .photo a {display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .photo img {max-width:50px !important; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .desc {border-left:3px solid #000; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li.category-webinars .desc h5 a{color:#007dc5;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .date {display:none;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .icon-comment-empty-fa {display:none} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .post-comments {display:none;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .button-love {display:none;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt {margin-top:0px;} .page-id-2653 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt p{margin-bottom:0px; line-height:20px;} /*Newsletter Archive*/ .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li {margin-top:15px; margin-bottom:15px;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li.has-post-thumbnail .desc {margin-left: 70px; width: 95%;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .photo {width:70px; border-right:0px; text-align:center; display:table;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .photo a {display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .photo img {max-width:50px !important; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .desc {border-left:3px solid #000; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li.category-newsletter-archive .desc h5 a{color:#007dc5;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .date {display:none;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .icon-comment-empty-fa {display:none} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .post-comments {display:none;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .button-love {display:none;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt {margin-top:0px;} .page-id-3661 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt p{margin-bottom:0px; line-height:20px;} /*Ask the Expert*/ .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li {margin-top:15px; margin-bottom:15px;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li.has-post-thumbnail .desc {margin-left: 70px; width: 95%;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .photo {width:70px; border-right:0px; text-align:center; display:table;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .photo a {display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .photo img {max-width:50px !important; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc {border-left:3px solid #000; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc h5{margin-bottom:0px;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li.category-ask-the-expert .desc h5 a{color:#007dc5;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer {display:none;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .date {display:none;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .icon-comment-empty-fa {display:none} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .post-comments {display:none;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .button-love {display:none;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt {margin-top:0px;} .page-id-5348 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt p{margin-bottom:0px; font-weight:normal; line-height:20px;} /*accordion title as h3*/ .accordion .question .title h3 {margin-bottom:0px; } .accordion .question.active .title h3{color:#2991d6} /*column padding*/ .column, .columns {margin:0px 10px 40px;} .accordion .answer .one-second.column {width:47%;} .wrap .one-second.column {width:47%;} /*.column_column ul li {margin-bottom:2px;}*/ .single .post-header {margin-bottom:10px;} /* Appnote seach box*/ .widget_appnote_search_widget {clear:both; display:block; overflow:hidden;} .widget_appnote_search_widget .widget-title {display:inline-block; float:left; margin-right:15px; margin-top:5px;} .widget_appnote_search_widget .searchform {display:inline-block; float:left;} .widget_appnote_search_widget .searchform input[type=text] {float:left; margin:0px; min-width:350px; padding:7px 10px;} .widget_appnote_search_widget .searchform input[type=submit] {background:#0065a4; margin:0px; margin-left:15px; padding:8px 20px;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 650px) { .widget_appnote_search_widget .searchform input[type=text] {min-width:240px;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 519px) { .widget_appnote_search_widget .searchform input[type=submit] {margin:0px; margin-top:15px;} } /*flat box*/ .flat_box .photo_wrapper .icon {display:none;} .flat_box .photo_wrapper img.photo {transform: translateX(0px)} .flat_box .desc_wrapper {margin-left:0px;} /*center images at user profile*/ .page-id-2504 .image_frame .image_wrapper {text-align:center} .page-id-2504.if-overlay .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img, .page-id-2504.if-overlay .image_frame.hover .image_wrapper img {transform: scale(1);} .if-overlay .image_frame .image_wrapper .image_links {display:none;} /* Changes for ClickDimensions submit button */ a.button_theme, a.tp-button.button_theme, button, input[type="submit"], input[type="reset"], input[type="button"] { background-color: #0065a4 !important; color: #ffffff !important; font-family: inherit !important; /*padding:0px;*/ } /*isotope wrapper*/ .blog_wrapper.isotope_wrapper .post-item .post-footer {background:none;} .blog_wrapper.isotope_wrapper .post-item .post-footer .post-links{border:0px;} .blog_wrapper.isotope_wrapper .grid .post-photo-wrapper {border:0px;} /* product page*/ .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame {border:0px;} .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical hr.hr_color {background:none;} .page-id-2582.if-overlay .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img, .page-id-2582.if-overlay .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame.hover .image_wrapper img {-webkit-transform: scale(1); -moz-transform: scale(1); -o-transform: scale(1); transform: scale(1); } .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-3) {margin-left:10px; margin-right:17px; } .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-2) {margin-left:18px; margin-right:17px; } .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-1) {margin-left:18px; margin-right:10px; } .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(odd) {margin-left:65px; margin-right:52px; } .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(even) {margin-left:53px; margin-right:65px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1301px) { .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:30.9%;} .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:40.2%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) and (max-width: 1300px) { .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:30.7%;} .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:47.6%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 960px) and (max-width: 1239px) { .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:29.9%;} .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:36.6%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 959px) { .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:28.7%;} .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:38.9%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 767px) { .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(even), .page-id-2582 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(odd) {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} } .uk-margin-small-right {vertical-align:middle; margin-top:-2px;} .page-id-2647 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-second {margin-bottom:0px;} .page-id-3641 .blog_wrapper .classic .post-photo-wrapper {border-color:transparent;} @media only screen and (min-width: 960px) { .page-id-3641 .blog_wrapper .classic .post-photo-wrapper {width:12%;} .page-id-3641 .blog_wrapper .classic .post-desc-wrapper {width:88%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 959px) { .page-id-3641 .blog_wrapper .classic .post-photo-wrapper { width:25%} .page-id-3641 .blog_wrapper .classic .post-desc-wrapper {width:75%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) { .page-id-2640 .column.column_pricing_item {margin:0px 1% 40px;} } /* contact form 7 submit button*/ .wpcf7-form-control.wpcf7-submit {padding:10px 30px;} .wpcf7 .red {color:#990000;} .wpcf7 span.wpcf7-list-item {display:block; margin:0px;} .wpcf7 label {font-weight:400;} #lostusername {border:1px solid #ddd; padding:30px 20px 0px;} #lostusername .input {width:100%;} #lostusername .button {padding:10px 20px;} .ur-frontend-form button[type="submit"], .ur-frontend-form input[type="submit"] {float:none;} .page-id-2690.if-overlay .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img, .page-id-2690.if-overlay .image_frame.hover .image_wrapper img {transform: scale(1);} .page-id-2690 .team .desc_wrapper hr {display:none;} .page-id-2690 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-second, .page-id-2690 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-fourth, .page-id-2690 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-third, .page-id-2690 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.two-third {margin-left:10px; margin-right:10px;} .page-id-2690 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-fourth {width:23.4%;} /* webinars seach box*/ .widget_webinars_search_widget {clear:both; display:block; overflow:hidden;} .widget_webinars_search_widget .widget-title {display:inline-block; float:left; margin-right:15px; margin-top:5px;} .widget_webinars_search_widget .searchform {display:inline-block; float:left;} .widget_webinars_search_widget .searchform input[type=text] {float:left; margin:0px; min-width:350px; padding:7px 10px;} .widget_webinars_search_widget .searchform input[type=submit] {background:#0065a4; margin:0px; margin-left:15px; padding:8px 20px;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 650px) { .widget_webinars_search_widget .searchform input[type=text] {min-width:240px;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 519px) { .widget_webinars_search_widget .searchform input[type=submit] {margin:0px; margin-top:15px;} } /*Recent Webinars nav issue fix*/ .page-id-3665 li#menu-item-2421.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a {color:#000000;} .page-id-3665 li#menu-item-2421.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a:after {display:none;} /*login-in nav issue fix*/ .page-id-5451 li#menu-item-2390.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a {color:#000000;} .page-id-5451 li#menu-item-2390.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a:after {display:none;} /* Contact Customer Support nav issue fix*/ .page-id-9343 li#menu-item-2390.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a {color:#000000;} .page-id-9343 li#menu-item-2390.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a:after {display:none;} /* custom seach box*/ .search #Content .searchform {display:inline-block; float:left;} .search #Content .searchform h4{clear:both; padding:10px 0px; margin:0px;} .search #Content .searchform input[type=text] {float:left; margin:0px; min-width:350px; padding:7px 10px;} .search #Content .searchform select {-webkit-appearance:menulist; padding:7px 10px;} .search #Content .searchform input[type=submit] {background:#0065a4; margin:0px; margin-left:15px; padding:8px 20px;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 650px) { .search #Content .searchform input[type=text] {min-width:240px;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 519px) { .search #Content .searchform input[type=submit] {margin:0px; margin-top:15px;} } .wpcf7-form .anr_captcha_field {position:absolute;} /*newsletter archive tables remove border*/ .post.category-newsletter-archive .post-wrapper-content table td {box-shadow:none; border:0px;} .be-ix-link-block {max-width:750px; text-align:center; margin:0px auto; padding-top:20px;} #Footer .widgets_wrapper .column {margin:0px 9px 0px;} @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 959px) { #Footer .widgets_wrapper .column {margin:0px 5px 0px;} } /*Login page popup */ .page-id-5451.logged-in #pum-8728 {display:none !important;} #cookie-law-info-bar a {color:#fff; text-decoration:underline;} #cookie-law-info-bar a:hover {text-decoration:none;} #cookie-law-info-bar .cli-plugin-button {text-decoration:none;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 767px) { #cookie-law-info-again{display:none !important;} } /*After Multi Language SETUP*/ #Action_bar .column {overflow:visible;} .top-widgets-container .widget_search input[type="text"] {margin-top:5px;} .widget.widget_nav_menu::after, .widget.widget_icl_lang_sel_widget::after, .widget_archive ul li:after, .widget_nav_menu ul li:after {display:none;} .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click {margin-top:6px; } .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click a, .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click a:hover, .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click a:focus, .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click .wpml-ls-current-language:hover>a {color:#626262 !important; border:0px;text-decoration:none;} .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click .wpml-ls-sub-menu {z-index:999;} .top-widgets-container h2.title {display:none;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 767px) { .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click {margin:6px auto 0px; } .top-widgets-container .widget_search {clear:both;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 959px) { .wpml-ls-legacy-dropdown-click {width:auto;} } #menu-top-navigation-ch .cart a {padding:0px 20px; } #menu-top-navigation-ch .cart a:before {font-family: "mfn-icons"; content:'\e82d'; float:left; padding-right:10px; font-size:26px; color:#fff; text-indent:0;} @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { #menu-top-navigation-ch .cart.menu-item-2449 {display:none;} #menu-top-navigation-ch .cart a {padding:0px 10px;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-13087 a span {background:#007dc5; color:#fff; border-radius:10px; line-height:40px; margin-top:8px; margin-left:20px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-13087 a:after {display:none;} #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-13087 > a, #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-13087 > a span {line-height:30px; margin-top:0px;} } .post-9911 .wpcf7 span.wpcf7-list-item{width: 260px;display: inline-block;} .post-9911 span.wpcf7-form-control-wrap{margin-bottom:20px;} .post-9911 .wpcf7-list-item-label{color:#000000;} .post-9911 .unique .one-third.column{width:30.333% !important;} .post-9911 .unique .required{color: #ff0000; font-size: 13px; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;} .post-9911 .wrap .one-second.column{width:32%;} .post-9911 .wpcf7 hr.small {color:#000000;background-color:#000000;height:1px; max-width: 440px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left:0px;margin-top:25px;} .post-9911 .wpcf7 hr.large{color:#000000;background-color:#000000;height:1px; max-width: 760px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left:0px;margin-top:25px;} .post-9911 .wpcf7 p strong{font-weight:normal; font-size:18px; color:#1F497D;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 959px) { .post-9911 .wpcf7 span.wpcf7-list-item{width: 100%;} .post-9911 .unique .one-third.column{width:100% !important;} .post-9911 .wrap .one-second.column{width:100%;} .post-9911 span.wpcf7-form-control-wrap {margin-bottom:0px;} } /*remove meta from search-results*/ .search.search-results .post-item .post-meta {display:none;} .search.search-results .post-item .post-desc {padding-left:0px;} /*footer update*/ /*#Footer .widgets_wrapper {padding-bottom:10px;} #Footer .widgets_wrapper .column {margin-bottom:10px;} #Footer #custom_html-4 > h4 {text-align:center;} #Footer #custom_html-14 > h4 {text-align:center;} #Footer #custom_html-9 {max-width:160px; margin:0px auto; clear:both; padding-top:25px;} .footer-resources {max-width:80%; margin:0px auto; } .footer-resources li {float:left; line-height:28px;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(1), .footer-resources li:nth-child(6){width:12%; clear:both;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(2), .footer-resources li:nth-child(7){width:28%;} html[lang="zh-hans"] .footer-resources li:nth-child(1), html[lang="zh-hans"] .footer-resources li:nth-child(6){width:15%; clear:both;} html[lang="zh-hans"] .footer-resources li:nth-child(2), html[lang="zh-hans"] .footer-resources li:nth-child(7){width:25%;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(3), .footer-resources li:nth-child(8){width:17%;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(4), .footer-resources li:nth-child(9){width:18%;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(5), .footer-resources li:nth-child(10){width:25%;} @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:1239px) { .footer-resources {max-width:60%; } .footer-resources li:nth-child(1), .footer-resources li:nth-child(6){width:50%; clear:none;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(2), .footer-resources li:nth-child(7){width:50%;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(3), .footer-resources li:nth-child(8){width:50%;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(4), .footer-resources li:nth-child(9){width:50%;} .footer-resources li:nth-child(5), .footer-resources li:nth-child(10){width:50%;} } @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { .footer-resources {max-width:100%; } #Footer #custom_html-4 > h4 {text-align:left;} #Footer #custom_html-14 > h4 {text-align:left;} #Footer #custom_html-9 {max-width:100%;} } */ .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a.button, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a.button, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a.button:hover, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a.button:hover { background: #007dc5; color: #fff; border-radius: 10px !important; text-align: center; margin-left: 20px; margin-top: 20px; display:inline-block; text-decoration: none; padding: 0px 20px !important; border:0px; text-transform: uppercase; line-height:30px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 1px;} @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li h3, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active h3 {text-align:center;} .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a.button, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a.button, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a.button:hover, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a.button:hover {margin:20px auto;} } /*Webinars latest posts zh-hans*/ .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li {margin-top:15px; margin-bottom:15px;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li.has-post-thumbnail .desc {margin-left: 70px; width: 95%;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .photo {width:70px; border-right:0px; text-align:center; display:table;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .photo a {display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .photo img {max-width:50px !important; vertical-align:middle;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .desc {border-left:3px solid #000; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li.category-webinars-zh-hans .desc h5 a{color:#007dc5;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .date {display:none;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .icon-comment-empty-fa {display:none} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .post-comments {display:none;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .button-love {display:none;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt {margin-top:0px;} .parent-pageid-11725 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt p{margin-bottom:0px; line-height:20px;} /*Upcoming Live Webinars zh-hans*/ .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li {margin-top:15px; margin-bottom:15px;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li.has-post-thumbnail .desc {margin-left: 70px; width: 95%;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .photo {width:70px; border-right:0px; text-align:center; display:table;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .photo a {display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .photo img {max-width:50px !important; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .desc {border-left:3px solid #000; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li.category-webinars-zh-hans .desc h5 a{color:#007dc5;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .date {display:none;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .icon-comment-empty-fa {display:none} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .post-comments {display:none;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .desc_footer .button-love {display:none;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt {margin-top:0px;} .page-id-11764 .Latest_news ul li .desc .post-excerpt p{margin-bottom:0px; line-height:20px;} /*Request Product Quote zh-hans*/ .page-id-12227 .wpcf7 span.wpcf7-list-item{width: 260px;display: inline-block;} .page-id-12227 span.wpcf7-form-control-wrap{margin-bottom:20px;} .page-id-12227 .wpcf7-list-item-label{color:#000000;} .page-id-12227 .unique .one-third.column{width:29% !important;} .page-id-12227 .unique .required{color: #ff0000; font-size: 13px; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;} .page-id-12227 .wrap .one-second.column{width:32%;} .page-id-12227 .wpcf7 hr.small {color:#000000;background-color:#000000;height:1px; max-width: 440px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left:0px;margin-top:25px;} .page-id-12227 .wpcf7 hr.large{color:#000000;background-color:#000000;height:1px; max-width: 760px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left:0px;margin-top:25px;} .page-id-12227 .wpcf7 p strong{font-weight:normal; font-size:18px; color:#1F497D;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 959px) { .page-id-12227 .wpcf7 span.wpcf7-list-item{width: 100%;} .page-id-12227 .unique .one-third.column{width:100% !important;} .page-id-12227 .wrap .one-second.column{width:100%;} .page-id-12227 span.wpcf7-form-control-wrap {margin-bottom:0px;} } /*Request Product Info zh-hans*/ .page-id-12612 .wpcf7 span.wpcf7-list-item{width: 260px;display: inline-block;} .page-id-12612 span.wpcf7-form-control-wrap{margin-bottom:20px;} .page-id-12612 .wpcf7-list-item-label{color:#000000;} .page-id-12612 .unique .one-third.column{width:29% !important;} .page-id-12612 .unique .required{color: #ff0000; font-size: 13px; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;} .page-id-12612 .wrap .one-second.column{width:32%;} .page-id-12612 .wpcf7 hr.small {color:#000000;background-color:#000000;height:1px; max-width: 440px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left:0px;margin-top:25px;} .page-id-12612 .wpcf7 hr.large{color:#000000;background-color:#000000;height:1px; max-width: 760px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left:0px;margin-top:25px;} .page-id-12612 .wpcf7 p strong{font-weight:normal; font-size:18px; color:#1F497D;} @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 959px) { .page-id-12612 .wpcf7 span.wpcf7-list-item{width: 100%;} .page-id-12612 .unique .one-third.column{width:100% !important;} .page-id-12612 .wrap .one-second.column{width:100%;} .page-id-12612 span.wpcf7-form-control-wrap {margin-bottom:0px;} } /*Team in zh-hans*/ .page-id-12002.if-overlay .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img, .page-id-12002.if-overlay .image_frame.hover .image_wrapper img {transform: scale(1);} .page-id-12002 .team .desc_wrapper hr {display:none;} .page-id-12002 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-second, .page-id-12002 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-fourth, .page-id-12002 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-third, .page-id-12002 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.two-third {margin-left:10px; margin-right:10px;} .page-id-12002 .ui-tabs .ui-tabs-panel .column.one-fourth {width:23.4%;} /* product page in zh-hans*/ .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame {border:0px;} .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical hr.hr_color {background:none;} .page-id-12156.if-overlay .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img, .page-id-12156.if-overlay .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame.hover .image_wrapper img {-webkit-transform: scale(1); -moz-transform: scale(1); -o-transform: scale(1); transform: scale(1); } .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-3) {margin-left:10px; margin-right:17px; } .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-2) {margin-left:18px; margin-right:17px; } .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-1) {margin-left:18px; margin-right:10px; } .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(odd) {margin-left:65px; margin-right:52px; } .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(even) {margin-left:53px; margin-right:65px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1301px) { .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:30.9%;} .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:40.2%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) and (max-width: 1300px) { .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:30.7%;} .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:47.6%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 960px) and (max-width: 1239px) { .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:29.9%;} .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:36.6%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 959px) { .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:28.7%;} .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:38.9%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 767px) { .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(even), .page-id-12156 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(odd) {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} } /*Recent Webinars nav issue fix for zh-hans*/ .page-id-11728 li#menu-item-13052.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a {color:#000000;} .page-id-11728 li#menu-item-13052.current-menu-ancestor:not(.hover) a:after {display:none;} .large h3{font-size:22px; line-height:30px;} .small {margin-left:25px;} sup {display:inline-block; margin-top:-4px;} sub {display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-4px;} sup, sub {display:inline-table;} .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:50%;} .parent-pageid-2582 .ui-tabs-panel td {text-align:left !important;} .ls-borderlessdark3d .ls-shadow { display: none !important;} #menu-top-navigation-de .cart a {padding:0px 20px;} #menu-top-navigation-de .cart a:before {font-family: "mfn-icons"; content:'\e82d'; float:left; padding-right:15px; font-size:26px; color:#fff; text-indent:0;} @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { #menu-top-navigation-de .cart.menu-item-14543{display:none;} #menu-top-navigation-de .cart a {padding:0px 10px;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-15087 a span {background:#007dc5; color:#fff; border-radius:10px; line-height:40px; margin-top:8px; margin-left:20px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-15087 a:after {display:none;} #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-15087 > a, #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-15087 > a span {line-height:30px; margin-top:0px;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-12984 a {color:#000 !important; padding-top:20px !important;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar li#menu-item-14978 a {color:#000 !important; padding-top:20px !important;} } #Footer #custom_html-15 > h4 {text-align:center;} /* product page German */ .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame {border:0px;} .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical hr.hr_color {background:none;} .page-id-14845.if-overlay .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img, .page-id-14295.if-overlay .ui-tabs-panel .team.team_vertical .image_frame.hover .image_wrapper img {-webkit-transform: scale(1); -moz-transform: scale(1); -o-transform: scale(1); transform: scale(1); } .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-3) {margin-left:10px; margin-right:17px; } .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-2) {margin-left:18px; margin-right:17px; } .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column:nth-child(4n-1) {margin-left:18px; margin-right:10px; } .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(odd) {margin-left:65px; margin-right:52px; } .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(even) {margin-left:53px; margin-right:65px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1301px) { .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:30.9%;} .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:40.2%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) and (max-width: 1300px) { .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:30.7%;} .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:47.6%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 960px) and (max-width: 1239px) { .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:29.9%;} .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:36.6%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 959px) { .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {width:28.7%;} .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column {width:38.9%;} } @media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 767px) { .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-third.column {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(even), .page-id-14845 .ui-tabs-panel .one-second.column:nth-child(odd) {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} } .parent-pageid-14845 .ui-tabs-panel td {text-align:left !important;} .button_align.align_left .button {text-align:left; padding:10px 0;} .button_align.align_left .as_tab {font-size: 18px; line-height: 20px; font-weight: 400; background:#fff; letter-spacing: 0px; color: #2991d6 !important; padding: 5px 10px 5px 20px;margin:0; } .button_align.align_left .button.as_tab:hover {text-decoration:underline !important; background-color:#fff!important;} .button_align.align_left .button.as_tab:after {display:none;} .button_align.align_left .button.as_tab.active {color: #000; border-left: 3px solid #2991d6; border-radius: 0px !important; padding: 5px 10px 5px 17px !important;} .button_align.align_left .button.as_tab .button_label {margin:0!important;} .button_align.align_left .button.as_tab_btn { background: #007dc5; color: #fff; border-radius: 10px !important; text-align: center; margin-left: 20px; margin-top: 20px; display: inline-block; text-decoration: none; padding: 0px 20px !important; border: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 30px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 1px; } /*Japan language*/ #Footer #custom_html-22 > h4 { text-align: center; } #menu-top-navigation-ja .cart a {padding:0px 20px;} #menu-top-navigation-ja .cart a:before {font-family: "mfn-icons"; content:'\e82d'; float:left; padding-right:15px; font-size:26px; color:#fff; text-indent:0;} @media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px) { #menu-top-navigation-ja .cart.menu-item-2449 {display:none;} #menu-top-navigation-ja .cart a {padding:0px 10px;} } .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-18403 a span {background:#007dc5; color:#fff; border-radius:10px; line-height:40px; margin-top:8px; margin-left:20px;} .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-18403 a:after {display:none;} #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-18403 > a, #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li#menu-item-18403 > a span {line-height:30px; margin-top:0px;} @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { #Top_bar #menu-german-main-menu > li > a span:not(.description) { padding: 0 3px; font-size:14px; } } body, ul.timeline_items, .icon_box a .desc, .icon_box a:hover .desc, .feature_list ul li a, .list_item a, .list_item a:hover, .widget_recent_entries ul li a, .flat_box a, .flat_box a:hover, .story_box .desc, .content_slider.carousel ul li a .title, .content_slider.flat.description ul li .desc, .content_slider.flat.description ul li a .desc, .post-nav.minimal a i { color: #333333 !important; } .column_column ul, .column_column ol, .the_content_wrapper:not(.is-elementor) ul, .the_content_wrapper:not(.is-elementor) ol { color: #333333 !important; } .hero { margin-top: 20px; } .bg-hero { background: radial-gradient(circle at 100% 0,#ebf1f2 0% 30%,#0e81a7 100%); } .hero-full { min-height: 450px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); } .column, .columns { margin: 0px 8px 40px; } .image-container { position: relative; display: inline-block; /* oder 'block' je nach Layout */ } .ribbon { position: absolute; top: 10px; /* Abstand von oben */ left: -20px; /* Verschiebung nach links, um das Ribbon schräg zu positionieren */ background-color: #FF5733; /* Farbe des Ribbons */ color: white; /* Textfarbe */ padding: 5px 15px; /* Innenabstand */ transform: rotate(-0deg); /* Dreht das Ribbon */ transform-origin: 0 0; /* Setzt den Drehpunkt */ font-size: 14px; /* Schriftgröße */ box-shadow: 2px 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); /* Schatten für 3D-Effekt */ z-index: 10; /* Stellt sicher, dass das Ribbon über dem Bild liegt */ } .event-badge { position: relative; margin-right: 10px; border-radius: 6px; top: 0px; /* Abstand von oben */ left: 0px; /* Verschiebung nach links, um das Ribbon schräg zu positionieren */ background-color: #007dc5; /* Farbe des Ribbons */ color: white; /* Textfarbe */ padding: 2px 8px; /* Innenabstand */ font-size: 10px; /* Schriftgröße */ box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); /* Schatten für 3D-Effekt */ z-index: 10; /* Stellt sicher, dass das Ribbon über dem Bild liegt */ } .btn-default { background: #007dc5; color: #fff; border-radius: 6px; line-height: 40px; margin-top: 8px; margin-left: 20px; padding: 0px 10px; } .wpcf7 form.sent .wpcf7-response-output { color: #ffffff; background-color: #46b450; } .jumpto { padding-top: 100px; /* Adjust this value to match your header's height */ margin-top: -100px; /* This should be the same value as padding-top but negative */ } .post-item { margin-bottom: 40px; position: relative; float: left; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 20px; background-color: #f8f8f8; } .post-links { background-color: #007dc5; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 5px 20px; } #field_1_18, #field_1_113, #field_1_20, #field_1_21, #field_1_22, #field_1_23, #field_1_24, #field_1_25, #field_1_26, #field_1_27, #field_1_49, #field_1_51, #field_1_52, #field_1_53, #field_1_54, #field_1_56, #field_1_57, #field_1_58, #field_1_59, #field_1_60, #field_1_62, #field_1_63, #field_1_64, #field_1_65, #field_1_67, #field_1_68, #field_1_70, #field_1_72, #field_1_98, #field_1_99, #field_1_100, #field_1_101, #field_1_102, #field_1_103, #field_1_104, #field_1_107, #field_1_108, #field_1_122, #field_1_123, #field_1_124, #field_1_125, #field_1_126, #field_1_127, #field_1_128, #field_1_136 { background-color: #E8E8E8; padding: 20px 30px; border: 1px solid #C4C4C4; border-bottom: 1px solid #C4C4C4; margin-top: -20px; } #field_1_73, #field_1_74, #field_1_75, #field_1_76, #field_1_77, #field_1_78, #field_1_82, #field_1_83, #field_1_84, #field_1_85, #field_1_86, #field_1_92, #field_1_93, #field_1_94, #field_1_95, #field_1_129, #field_1_132, #field_1_133, #field_1_134, #field_1_135 { background-color: #F8F8F8; padding: 20px 50px; border-bottom: 1px solid #C4C4C4; border-right: 1px solid #C4C4C4; border-left: 1px solid #C4C4C4; margin-top: -40px; } #field_1_114, #field_1_115, #field_1_116, #field_1_117, #field_1_118, #field_1_119, #field_1_120, #field_1_121, #field_1_130 { background-color: #8ed1fc; padding: 20px 50px; border-bottom: 1px solid #C4C4C4; border-right: 1px solid #C4C4C4; border-left: 1px solid #C4C4C4; margin-top: -40px; } .gfield_label { font-weight: 800 !important; font-size: 16px !important; } .post-more, .post-more:hover, .icon-doc-text { color: #ffffff; } .icon_box.has_border { background: #fff; border: 0px solid #e1e1e1 !important; padding: 40px 10%; padding-bottom: 40px; } #Footer .widget > h4 { font-size: 18px; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 20px; } /* new css */ .mcb-column-inner { margin: 0px; overflow:visible;} .one-sixth.column { width: 14.666%; } /* 1/6 */ .one-fifth.column { width: 18%; } /* 1/5 */ .one-fourth.column, .four.columns { width: 23%; } /* 1/4 */ .one-third.column { width: 31.333%; } /* 1/3 */ .two-fifth.column { width: 38%; } /* 2/5 */ .one-second.column { width: 48%; } /* 1/2 */ .three-fifth.column { width: 58%; } /* 3/5 */ .two-third.column { width: 64.666%; } /* 2/3 */ .three-fourth.column { width: 73%; } /* 3/4 */ .four-fifth.column { width: 78%; } /* 4/5 */ .five-sixth.column { width: 81.333%; } /* 5/6 */ .one.column { width: 98%; } /* 1/1 */ .wpcf7-form .column { margin-bottom: 10px;} .wpcf7-form .column { padding: 0px;} .wpcf7-form .column p{ margin: 0px;} .column-margin-0px.column { margin-bottom: 0 !important;} .column-margin-10px.column { margin-bottom: 0px !important;} .column-margin-20px.column { margin-bottom: 0px !important;} .page-pager, .post-pager { margin-bottom: 0!important;} .column.column_divider { margin-bottom: 0!important; height: auto!important;} #Header .container {padding-left:0; padding-right:0;} .accordion .question > .title > .acc-icon-plus, .accordion .question.active > .title > .acc-icon-minus { display: block;} .accordion .question > .title > .acc-icon-plus, .accordion .question .title > .acc-icon-minus {left:15px; top:16px;} .mcb-wrap-inner {display:block;} @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) { .section_wrapper .mcb-wrap, .section_wrapper .column, .container .column { width:100%!important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) { .be-ix-link-block .be-related-link-container .be-label {flex:0 0 17%;} .be-ix-link-block .be-related-link-container .be-list {flex:0 0 83%;} } ul.clients.appnotes .client_wrapper a, ul.clients.appnotes .client_wrapper .gs-wrapper { justify-content:left; } /*Top bar search*/ #Action_bar #global-searchfield-container .addsearch-searchfield input[type=search].icon {margin-bottom:0px; margin-top:4px; padding:5px 5px 5px 40px!important; height:30px;} #Action_bar #global-searchfield-container .addsearch-searchfield button {display:none;} #Action_bar .adds-components {padding:0px;} /*Top Shadow */ .header-classic #Top_bar { border-bottom: 0px solid #e1e1e1; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) 0px 1.95px 2.6px; margin-bottom: 1px; } .sticky-submenu { position: -webkit-sticky; /* Für Safari */ position: sticky; top: 80px; z-index: 9999; /*background-color: #fff;*/ padding: 10px; /*border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;*/ text-align: center; } .sticky-submenu ul { list-style-type: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .sticky-submenu ul li { display: inline; margin: 0 15px; } .sticky-submenu ul li a { text-decoration: none; /*color: #000;*/ color:#fff; padding: 5px; transition: border-bottom 0.3s; } .sticky-submenu ul li a.active, .sticky-submenu ul li a:hover { /*border-bottom: 2px solid #000;*/ border-bottom: 2px solid #fff; } .page-section { padding: 50px; margin-top: 50px; } .anchor-offset { display: block; position: relative; top: -60px; /* Höhe des sticky-submenu */ } .copyright a {padding:0px 7px;} .before-footer h4 {font-size:18px;} .before-footer .button {border-radius:4px;} .footer-button { padding: 10px 5px; border-radius: 5px; text-align: center; display: inline-block; width: 180px; border:1px solid #fff !important;} #Footer .widget_nav_menu ul { list-style-type: none; padding: 0px; background: none;} #Footer .widget_nav_menu ul a{padding:0px;} #Footer .widget_nav_menu {margin:20px 0px;} #Footer .one-fifth {width:16%;} #Footer .one-fifth:first-child {width:27%;} .social .icon_bar, .social .icon_bar span {width:auto !important; height:auto!important; line-height:0px!important; background-color:transparent; border:0px !important; color:#fff; font-size:24px; -webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;} .social a:hover.icon_bar span { -webkit-transform: translateY(0%); -moz-transform: translateY(0%); transform: translateY(0%); } /*30aug2024*/ table tr:first-child td {box-shadow:none;} .btn_radius {border-radius: 4px;} #Top_bar .menu > li > a span:not(.description) {padding:0px 3px;} @media only screen and (min-width: 1300px) { #Top_bar .menu > li > a span:not(.description) {padding:0px 10px;} #Top_bar.is-sticky .menu > li > a span {padding:0px 15px;} } /** Added 11/14/24 **/ .scroll { text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.3s ease, font-weight 0.3s ease; } .scroll.active { font-weight: bold; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-5221 a span { background: #13b5ea !important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-15087 a span { background: #13b5ea !important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-13087 a span { background: #13b5ea !important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1240px) { .mm-vertical #Top_bar .menu > li#menu-item-18403 a span { background: #13b5ea !important; } } /** Added 11/18/24 **/ .header-section { border-bottom: 8px solid #fdbb30 !important; } .header-section .mcb-background-overlay{ } .solution-box { padding: 20px; border: 4px solid #EBEDEF; min-height: 150px; } .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper .mask { display:none; } .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img, .image_frame:focus .image_wrapper img { top: 0 !important; -webkit-transform: scale(1) !important; -moz-transform: scale(1) !important; -o-transform: scale(1) !important; transform: scale(1) !important; -webkit-transition: none !important; transition: none !important; } .section-headline { border-bottom: thick solid #fdbb30; padding-bottom: 15px; font-size: 26px; } /** Page CTA Elements **/ .responsive-container { display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; border: 4px solid #EBEDEF; padding: 20px; align-items: flex-start; gap: 20px; width: 100%; } .responsive-container img { width: 100px; height: auto; flex-shrink: 0; } .responsive-container div { flex: 1; } /* Breakpoint for mobile screens */ @media (max-width: 768px) { .responsive-container { flex-wrap: wrap; } .responsive-container img { width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px; } .responsive-container div { flex: 1 1 100%; text-align: center; } } .cta-box-btn { display: inline-block; align-items: center; padding: 6px 20px; color: white; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 5px; font-size: 14px; width: fit-content; background-color: #0065a4 !important; transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease; } .cta-box-btn:hover { background-color: #0056b3; color: white; text-decoration: none; } .cta-box-icon { margin-right: 5px; } /* Sidebar-Button-Styling */ .sidebar-btn { display: block; width: 100%; text-align: center; padding: 10px 20px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: #13b5ea !important; font-size: 16px; color: white; border-radius: 5px; transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease; } .sidebar-btn:hover { background-color: #0065a4 !important; color: white; text-decoration: none; } /*LS nav style*/ html body .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a, #ls-global .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a {background-image:none; border-radius:20px; background-color:#999; margin:3px; width:15px; height:15px;} html body .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a.v, #ls-global .ls-bottom-nav-wrapper a.ls-nav-active {background-color:#2991d6;} .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a.button, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a.button, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a.button:hover, .tabs_vertical.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-tabs-active a.button:hover { background: #007dc5; color: #fff; border-radius: 8px !important; text-align: center; margin-left: 20px; margin-top: 17px; display: inline-block; text-decoration: none; padding: 5px 12px !important; border: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 30px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 1px; width: 80%; } /* Marketo Forms */ .mktoForm, .mktoForm .mktoFieldWrap, .mktoForm .mktoHtmlText, .mktoForm input, .mktoLogicalField .mktoCheckboxList, .mktoRangeField, .mktoRangeValue {width:100% !important;} @media only screen and (min-width:480px) { .mktoFormCol:first-child:nth-last-child(2), .mktoFormCol:first-child:nth-last-child(2) ~ .mktoFormCol {width: 100% 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role="search" method="get" id="searchform2" class="searchform" action="https://www.wyatt.com/" > <div><input type="text" placeholder="Search..." value="" name="s" id="s" /> <a href="javascript:document.getElementById('searchform2').submit();" class="icon-search-fine"></a> </div> </form><div class="mobilecart"><a href="https://store.wyatt.com/"></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div>  <div id="Content" role="main"> <div class="content_wrapper clearfix"> <main class="sections_group"> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="mainContentOfPage"> <div class="mfn-builder-content mfn-default-content-buider"><section class="section mcb-section mfn-default-section mcb-section-e1565bcb8" style="" ><div class="mcb-background-overlay"></div><div class="section_wrapper mfn-wrapper-for-wraps mcb-section-inner mcb-section-inner-e1565bcb8"><div class="wrap mcb-wrap mcb-wrap-2533882e2 one tablet-one laptop-one mobile-one valign-top clearfix" data-desktop-col="one" data-laptop-col="laptop-one" data-tablet-col="tablet-one" data-mobile-col="mobile-one" style="padding:;background-color:" ><div class="mcb-wrap-inner mcb-wrap-inner-2533882e2 mfn-module-wrapper mfn-wrapper-for-wraps" ><div class="mcb-wrap-background-overlay"></div><div class="column mcb-column mcb-item-64bc11824 one laptop-one tablet-one mobile-one column_column column-margin-0px" style="" ><div class="mcb-column-inner mfn-module-wrapper mcb-column-inner-64bc11824 mcb-item-column-inner"><div class="column_attr mfn-inline-editor clearfix" style=""><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="section mcb-section mfn-default-section mcb-section-f03cfd80f" style="padding-bottom:30px" ><div class="mcb-background-overlay"></div><div class="section_wrapper mfn-wrapper-for-wraps mcb-section-inner mcb-section-inner-f03cfd80f"><div class="wrap mcb-wrap mcb-wrap-00803010a one tablet-one laptop-one mobile-one valign-top clearfix" data-desktop-col="one" data-laptop-col="laptop-one" data-tablet-col="tablet-one" data-mobile-col="mobile-one" style="padding:;background-color:" ><div class="mcb-wrap-inner mcb-wrap-inner-00803010a mfn-module-wrapper mfn-wrapper-for-wraps" ><div class="mcb-wrap-background-overlay"></div><div class="column mcb-column mcb-item-31bb7edff one laptop-one tablet-one mobile-one column_column column-margin-0px" style="" ><div class="mcb-column-inner mfn-module-wrapper mcb-column-inner-31bb7edff mcb-item-column-inner"><div class="column_attr mfn-inline-editor clearfix" style=""><h1>Introduction to Light Scattering Theory</h1> <div class="column two-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <p>Light scattering comprises a versatile suite of non-invasive techniques for characterizing macromolecules and a wide range of particles <i>in solution</i>. In contrast to most methods for characterization, it does not require outside calibration standards. In this sense it is an absolute measurement. </p> <p>Wyatt instruments make two different types of light scattering measurements for absolute molecular characterization:</p> <ul> <li>Multi-Angle Light Scattering (<a href="/library/theory/multi-angle-light-scattering-theory.html">MALS</a>), Static Light Scattering (SLS) or Classical Light Scattering - In MALS the intensity of the scattered light is measured as a function of angle. For macromolecules much smaller than the wavelength of the incident light, the data are analyzed to determine the molar mass or molecular weight <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> and rms radius <i>R</i><sub>g</sub>. For certain classes of particles having sizes in the vicinity of the wavelength of the incident light, MALS can help determine shape and structure.<br><br /> Via the concentration dependence of the scattered intensity, it is possible to quantify molecular interactions as the second virial coefficient (<i>A</i><sub>2</sub>, for non-specific interactions) or equilibrium dissociation constant (<i>K</i><sub>D</sub>, for non-specific interactions).</li> <li>Dynamic Light Scattering (<a href="/library/theory/dynamic-light-scattering-theory.html">DLS</a>) or Quasi-elastic Light Scattering (QELS) - In a DLS measurement, time-dependent fluctuations in the scattered light signal are measured using a fast photon counter. DLS measurements can determine the diffusion coefficient of macromolecules or particles, from which the hydrodynamic radius is calculated.</li> </ul> <p>Light scattering is a technique that can be applied in either batch or chromatography mode. Each technique has its advantages and disadvantages for characterizing different properties of the analyte. Read the <a href="/solutions.html">Solutions</a> section to better understand how different techniques are applied to various characterization challenges.</p> <h4>Why Light Scattering?</h4> <p>Although absolute molecular weights can also be determined via mass spectrometry, membrane osmometry, and sedimentation equilibrium (analytical centrifugation), only light scattering covers so broad a range of macromolecules including their oligomeric states. Most importantly, light scattering permits measurement of the solution properties of macromolecules. While a sedimentation equilibrium run may require 72 hours, a size exclusion chromatography/light scattering study may be completed in well under an hour, and a batch mode analysis in a few minutes. These comparatively short run times coupled with the absolute determination of molar mass, size, and <i>A</i><sub>2</sub> make light scattering the method of choice for accurate and fast macromolecular characterization.</p> </div></div> <div class="column one-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <div align="center" style="padding:0px 30px 0px 30px"> <p><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Wyatt-Flow-Cell-Diagram-cropped.jpg" align="center" style="width: 325px;"></p> </div> <p align="center"><a class="button button_size_2" href="/library/webinars/sec-mals.html" style="background-color:#13b5ea!important;color:#ffffff;" target="_blank" title=""><span class="button_label">View SEC-MALS Webinars</span></a> <br><br> <a class="button button_size_2" href="/library/webinars/sec-mals.html" style="background-color:#0065a4!important;color:#ffffff;" target="_blank" title=""><span class="button_label">View SEC-MALS Application Notes</span></a> </p> <br><br> <div align="center" style="padding:0px 30px 0px 30px"> <p><img fetchpriority="high" src="/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/DLS-Flow-Velocity-1000.jpg" align="center" style="width: 250px;"></p> </div> <p align="center"><a class="button button_size_2" href="/library/webinars/dls.html" style="background-color:#13b5ea!important;color:#ffffff;" target="_blank" title=""><span class="button_label">View DLS Webinars</span></a> <br><br> <a class="button button_size_2" href="/library/application-notes/by-technique/dls.html" style="background-color:#0065a4!important;color:#ffffff;" target="_blank" title=""><span class="button_label">View DLS Application Notes</span></a> </p> </div></div> <hr class="no_line" style="margin: 0 auto 0px auto"/> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap mcb-wrap mcb-wrap-3e7a136fa one tablet-one laptop-one mobile-one valign-top clearfix" data-desktop-col="one" data-laptop-col="laptop-one" data-tablet-col="tablet-one" data-mobile-col="mobile-one" style="padding:;background-color:" ><div class="mcb-wrap-inner mcb-wrap-inner-3e7a136fa mfn-module-wrapper mfn-wrapper-for-wraps" ><div class="mcb-wrap-background-overlay"></div><div class="column mcb-column mcb-item-f5eb7ea31 one laptop-one tablet-one mobile-one column_accordion mals" style="" ><div class="mcb-column-inner mfn-module-wrapper mcb-column-inner-f5eb7ea31 mcb-item-accordion-inner"><div class="accordion"><div class="mfn-acc accordion_wrapper "><div class="question"><div class="title"><i class="icon-plus acc-icon-plus"></i><i class="icon-minus acc-icon-minus"></i><h3>Chromatography Mode</h3></div><div class="answer"><div class="column two-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <p>A chromatography-mode light scattering experiment couples a Multi-Angle static Light Scattering (MALS) detector, such as the <a href="/products/instruments/dawn-multi-angle-light-scattering-detector.html">DAWN™</a> or <a href="/products/instruments/minidawn-multi-angle-light-scattering-detector-sec-mals.html">miniDAWN™</a>, with a fractionation device that separates macromolecules based on their physical properties. The most common fractionation method used with MALS is HPLC size exclusion chromatography (SEC). SEC-MALS provides accurate distributions of molar mass and size (root mean square radius Rg), as opposed to:</p> <ul> <li>Standard SEC, which depends on column calibration by reference standards.</li> <li>Batch (cuvette) mode MALS, where the measured quantities are averaged over all masses and sizes present in the sample.</li> </ul> <p>This type of arrangement has many advantages over traditional column calibration methods. Since the light scattering and concentration are measured for each eluting fraction, the molar mass and size can be determined independently of the elution position. This is particularly important for species with non-globular shapes or that interact with a SEC column; such species typically do not elute in a manner that might be described by a set of column calibration standards.</p> <p>For light scattering in chromatography mode, however, non-standard column interaction is no problem, since the absolute molar mass and size are determined for each eluting fraction. Since it is not necessary to make any assumptions inherent with the use of calibration standards, it is possible to completely characterize the distributions derived from separation techniques such as ion exchange or reverse phase chromatography. There are no means to calibrate these techniques by traditional methods.</p> <p>Another powerful separation technique often used in conjunction with MALS is <a href="/library/theory/flow-field-flow-fractionation-theory.html">Field-Flow Fractionation</a> (FFF) which performs separations over a very wide dynamic range. FFF works without a packed column, by means of a channel. The <a href="/products/instruments/eclipse-dualtec-field-flow-fractionation-system.html">Eclipse™</a> controls the flows precisely to obtain versatile and robust separations. FFF-MALS characterizes solutes and suspensions from small macromolecules up to micron-sized nanoparticles.</p> <p>In a typical SEC-MALS or FFF-MALS measurement, the light scattering detector and a concentration detector are connected in series after the fractionation device. The concentration detector is usually a differential refractometer (dRI) such as an <a href="/products/instruments/optilab-refractive-index-detector.html">Optilab™</a> or an ultraviolet absorption (UV) detector.</p> <p>In addition to measuring molar masses and root-mean-square radii via MALS, it may be desirable to determine hydrodynamic radi as well. This is accomplished by adding to the MALS detector a dynamic light scattering (DLS) detection module such as a <a href="https://store.wyatt.com/shop/udawn/udawn3/wiq/">WyattQELS</a> or the <a href="/products/instruments/dynapro-nanostar-dynamic-light-scattering-detector.html">DynaPro™ NanoStar™</a> external fiber for measuring hydrodynamic radii Rh. SEC-DLS and FFF-DLS size measurements range from < 1 nm up to > 250 nm.</p> <p>Alternatively, a differential viscometer such as the <a href="/products/instruments/viscostar-online-differential-viscometer.html">ViscoStar™</a> may be connected in series with the MALS and dRI detectors to determine intrinsic viscosity, which can also be related to <i>R</i><sub>h</sub>. The relationship between molar mass and size as determined by DLS or viscometry is indicative of molecular <a href="/solutions/properties/conformation.html">conformation</a>.</p> </div></div> <div class="column one-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <div style="padding:0px 30px 0px 30px"> <p><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SEC-Column-UV-DAWN-Optilab-Computer-Vertical-NEON-Setup-2.jpg" align="center" style="width: 325px;"></p> </div> </div></div> <hr class="no_line" style="margin: 0 auto 0px auto"/> </div></div> <div class="question"><div class="title"><i class="icon-plus acc-icon-plus"></i><i class="icon-minus acc-icon-minus"></i><h3>Batch Mode</h3></div><div class="answer"><div class="column two-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <p>On occasion, it is necessary or desirable to make a light scattering measurement of an unfractionated sample. For example, the time-dependent or concentration-dependent properties of a sample might be required. Such measurements are collectively termed batch measurements, and are made by either injecting a sample aliquot directly into the flow cell, or by introducing the sample in a container such as the <a href="https://store.wyatt.com/shop/minidawn-treos/minidawn-treos-i/10-ul-microcuvette-kit/">microCuvette™</a> into a <a href="/products/instruments/dawn-multi-angle-light-scattering-detector.html">DAWN™</a> MALS detector.</p> <p>The properties that may be determined in a batch light scattering measurement depend on the measurement technique. In multi-angle (static) light scattering, the presence of species with different masses means that the measured quantities are averaged quantities. For example, the molar mass is a weight-averaged molar mass, and the size is averaged over a higher moment of the mass distribution. However, if batch measurements are made at multiple concentrations, it is possible to determine the second virial coefficient A2 to quanitfy the solute-solute or solute-solvent interaction – very useful information in studies such as protein formulation or crystallography.</p> <p>Batch measurements of DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) determine semi-quantitative aspects of the hydrodynamic radius distribution. Using analysis techniques such as regularization (see <a href="/products/software/astra.html">ASTRA™ software</a>), batch DLS data can reveal the distribution of sizes for broadly polydisperse samples (i.e., over several orders of magnitude), and even differentiate between populations if the size difference is greater than a factor of three to five in radius.</p> <p>Although chromatography mode is in general the best method for characterizing molar mass and size distributions in a sample, the batch mode is useful in those instances where the macromolecules cannot be easily separated by size exclusion chromatography, or the time or concentration-dependent properties of the sample are of interest. The latter might include studies of phenomena such as protein self-assembly, measurement of concentration-dependent aggregation, etc. Concentration-dependent and time-dependent studies on unfractionated samples may be automated and analyzed using the <a href="/products/instruments/calypso-ii.html">Calypso™</a> composition-gradient system and <a href="/products/software/calypso.html">CALYPSO™ software</a>. For more details on the theory behind characterization of interactions with MALS, see <a href="https://www.wyatt.com/library/theory/composition-gradient-light-scattering-theory.html">Understanding CG-MALS</a>.</p> </div></div> <div class="column one-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <div style="padding:0px 30px 0px 30px"> <p><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/laser-scattering-from-vials-dextran-300x225.jpg" align="center" style="width: 325px;"></p> </div> </div></div> <hr class="no_line" style="margin: 0 auto 0px auto"/> </div></div> </div></div> </div></div></div></div><div class="wrap mcb-wrap mcb-wrap-fc8993dcc one tablet-one laptop-one mobile-one valign-top clearfix" data-desktop-col="one" data-laptop-col="laptop-one" data-tablet-col="tablet-one" data-mobile-col="mobile-one" style="padding:;background-color:" ><div class="mcb-wrap-inner mcb-wrap-inner-fc8993dcc mfn-module-wrapper mfn-wrapper-for-wraps" ><div class="mcb-wrap-background-overlay"></div><div class="column mcb-column mcb-item-0246e5a73 one laptop-one tablet-one mobile-one column_column" style="" ><div class="mcb-column-inner mfn-module-wrapper mcb-column-inner-0246e5a73 mcb-item-column-inner"><div class="column_attr mfn-inline-editor clearfix" style=""><div class="column two-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <h4>Some History, and More</h4> <p>A historical exposition of the evolution of light scattering theory along with the impact of excluded volume interactions and hyperbranching has kindly been provided by Prof. Walter Burchard. <a href="/files/literature/publications/Hyperbranching-and-Excluded-Volume-Interactions I.pdf" target="_blank">Click here</a> to download.</p> <h4>Acknowledgements</h4> <p>Wyatt Technology Corporation is grateful to the following individuals for the use of materials and graphics in this theory section:</p> <ul> <li>Dr. Ewa Folta-Stogniew at the Yale School of Medicine. For examples of light scattering theory, analysis, applications, and example results, please visit her <a href="http://medicine.yale.edu/keck/biophysics/technologies/lightscatter/index.aspx" target="_blank">light scattering website</a>.</li> <li>Dr. Eric R. Weeks in the Department of Physics at Emory University. Dr. Weeks provided the Brownian motion animation in the DLS theory section. For information about his research and to view more fascinating pictures, please visit his <a href="http://www.physics.emory.edu/faculty/weeks.html" target="_blank">website</a>.</li> </ul> </div></div> <div class="column one-third mobile-one"><div class="mcb-column-inner"> <p> </p> </div></div> </div></div></div></div></div></div></section></div><section class="section mcb-section the_content no_content"><div class="section_wrapper"><div class="the_content_wrapper "></div></div></section> <section class="section section-page-footer"> <div class="section_wrapper clearfix"> <div class="column one page-pager"> <div class="mcb-column-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </main> </div> </div>  <section class="section before-footer mcb-section mfn-default-section mcb-section-arexmxc3 default-width" style="padding-top:70px;"><div class="mcb-background-overlay"></div><div class="section_wrapper mfn-wrapper-for-wraps mcb-section-inner mcb-section-inner-arexmxc3"><div class="wrap 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