CINXE.COM

Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chin Speech Varieties Spoken along the Dalet Stream, Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar | Asia Social Issues

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title> Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chin Speech Varieties Spoken along the Dalet Stream, Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar | Asia Social Issues </title> <link rel="icon" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/journals/357/favicon_en_US.png"> <meta name="generator" content="Open Journal Systems 3.3.0.8"> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Carey Statezni"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Nathan Statezni"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Paing Nan"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Abraham"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Mang Tial Khun"/> <meta name="DC.Date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-12-07"/> <meta name="DC.Date.dateSubmitted" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-05-24"/> <meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-11-07"/> <meta name="DC.Date.modified" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-12-07"/> <meta name="DC.Description" xml:lang="en" content="This report presents the results of a sociolinguistic survey fieldwork trip to the language groups along the Dalet Stream in Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar. The primary purpose of this survey was to determine the need for additional language development among these speakers. A secondary purpose was to investigate how ready these groups are for language development and how unified they are. The third purpose was to determine how many and which varieties might best be selected for additional literature development among these groups. The survey team investigated these questions through wordlists, questionnaires, participatory tools, and recorded text testing (RTT). The team learned that the Dalet Stream people are not adequately served by Burmese literature. There is a need and desire for additional vernacular language development. The Dalet Stream people are interested in literature development; however, promotion is needed. Language vitality is robust among most speech varieties, and there is a sizable population of speakers. Some educated people are interested in helping develop literature to maintain their people group’s culture and language. However, interest in language development and literacy must still be built in the broader community."/> <meta name="DC.Format" scheme="IMT" content="application/pdf"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="264779"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.pageNumber" content="e264779"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.DOI" content="10.48048/asi.2024.264779"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.URI" content="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/article/view/264779"/> <meta name="DC.Language" scheme="ISO639-1" content="en"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright (c) 2023 Asia Social Issues"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"/> <meta name="DC.Source" content="Asia Social Issues"/> <meta name="DC.Source.ISSN" content="2774-0315"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Issue" content="4"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Volume" content="17"/> <meta name="DC.Source.URI" content="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Literacy"/> <meta name="DC.Title" content="Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chin Speech Varieties Spoken along the Dalet Stream, Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar"/> <meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Serial.Journal"/> <meta name="DC.Type.articleType" content="Research Article"/> <meta name="gs_meta_revision" content="1.1"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Asia Social Issues"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Asia Social Issues"/> <meta name="citation_issn" content="2774-0315"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Carey Statezni"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Nathan Statezni"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Paing Nan"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Abraham"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Mang Tial Khun"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chin Speech Varieties Spoken along the Dalet Stream, Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"/> <meta name="citation_date" content="2024"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="17"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="4"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="e264779"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="e264779"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.48048/asi.2024.264779"/> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/article/view/264779"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Language"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Sociolinguistics"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Survey"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Vitality"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Literature Development"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Literacy"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/article/download/264779/180033"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Bergman, T. G. (2017). Sampling. In SIL International Language Assessment (Ed.), Principles of Language Survey course. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Bergman, T. G. (2017). To test comprehension of vernacular literature by those of a different speech. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Bickford, J. A. (2016). The ethics of language identification and ISO 639. Listening – Journal of Communication Ethics, Religion, and Culture, 51(1), 15."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Blair, F. (1990). Survey on a shoestring: a manual for small-scale language surveys. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Bouwer, L. &amp; Bergman, T. G. (2017). Methods and tools used in language surveys. In SIL International Language Assessment (Ed.), Principles of Language Survey course. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Bradley, D. (1997). Tibeto-Burman languages and classification (pp.1-72). In Bradley, D. (Ed.). Papers in Southeast Asian Linguistics No. 14: Tibeto-Burman Languages of the Himalayas. Pacific Linguistics A-86."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Brown, R. (1998). On criteria for identifying language groups and language clusters. Notes on Sociolinguistics 3(1), 3-42."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Brye, E. (2012). Applying language survey methods from assessment to assignments. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Casad, E. H. (1974). Dialect intelligibility testing. Norman, Oklahoma: Summer Institute of Linguistics."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Casad, E. H. (1992). Windows on bilingualism. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of Texas at Arlington."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Crystal, D. (2008). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics (6th eds.). Blackwell Publishing. Retrieved from https://hslcorner.files.wordpress.com/2019/09/david-crystal-a-dictionary-of-linguistics-and-phonetics-1.pdf"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Daspit, D. (2015). Cog Software: PC. Retrieved from http://software.sil.org/cog/"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Decker, K., &amp; Grummitt, J. (2012). Understanding language choices: A guide to sociolinguistic assessment. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Downey, M. P. (1986). Survey methodologies and their insights into the acceptability of literature among related varieties. (Master’s thesis). Texas: University of Texas-Arlington."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Eberhard, D. M., Simons, G. F., &amp; Fennig, C. D. (2023). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (25th eds.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Feng, Z., &amp; Areerungruang, S. (2023). Research on the design method of dialect in Chongqing city culture brand. Asia Social Issues, 16(4), e259556."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Fishman, J. (1991). Reversing language shift: Theory and practice of assistance to threatened languages. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Grimes, J. E. (1995). Language survey reference guide. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Hasselbring, S. (2008). Participatory methods for language programs. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Hasselbring, S. (2011). Dialoguing with language community members for translation work. Bible Translation 2011 Conference Dallas, Texas, United States."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Hilty, H. J. &amp; Mitchell, J. R. (2014). Yamphu: A sociolinguistic survey. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2014-007. Retrieved from: https://www.sil.org/resources/publications/entry/59732"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Hymes, D. H. (1960). Lexicostatistics so far. Current Anthropology, 1(1), 3-44."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Karan, M. E. (2000). Motivations: Language vitality assessments using the perceived benefit model of language (pp.65-77). In Kindell, G. E., &amp; Lewis, M. P. (Eds.). Assessing ethnolinguistic vitality: Theory and practice, Selected papers from the Third International Language Assessment Conference. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Kindell, G. E. (1991). Proceedings of the Summer Institute of Linguistics International Language Assessment Conference. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Kumar, S. (2002). Methods for community participation: a complete guide for practitioners. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Lewis, M. P. &amp; Simons, G. (2015). Sustaining language use: perspectives on community-based language development. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Linguistic Survey of Burma: Preparatory Stage Or Linguistic Census. (1917). Rangoon: Government Printing and Stationery."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Mack, N., Woodsong, C., MacQueen, K. M., Guest, G. &amp; Namey, E. (2005). Qualitative research methods: A data collector’s field guide. Research Triangle Park, NC: Family Health International. Retrieved from: https://www.fhi360.org/resource/qualitative-research-methods-data-collectors-field-guide"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Mann, N. (2004). Mainland Southeast Asia comparative wordlist for lexicostatistic studies. Chiang Mai: Department of Linguistics, Payap University."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Matisoff, J. A. (1978). Variational semantics in Tibeto-Burman. Philadelphia, PA: Institute for the Study of Human Issues."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Nahhas, R. W. &amp; Mann, N. (2007). The steps of eliciting and analyzing word lists: A practical guide. Chiang Mai: Department of Linguistics, Payap University."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Nahhas, R. W. (2007). Random and non-random sampling for language surveys: Methods and implications. Chiang Mai: Department of Linguistics, Payap University."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Nahhas, R. W. (2007). The steps of recorded text testing: A practical guide. Chiang Mai: Linguistics Institute, Payap University."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Nahhas, R. W. (2017). The steps of language survey: An outline of practical methods. Chiang Mai: Linguistics Institute, Payap University and SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="O’Leary, C. F. (1994). The role of recorded text tests in intelligibility language assessment and language program decisions. Notes on Sociolinguistics SI2, 48–72."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Salai Aung Thaik. (2001). History of Asho Chin (pp.173-193). In Chin History Research Committee (Ed.), A brief account of the history, traditions, and customs of the Chin people. Yangon: Chin History Research Committee."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Showalter, C. J. (1991). Getting what you asked for: A study of sociolinguistic survey questionnaires (pp.203-222). In Kindell, G. E. (Ed.). In Proceedings of the Summer Institute of Linguistics International Language Assessment Conference, Horsleys Green. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Simons, G. F. &amp; Lewis, M. P. (2011). Making EGIDS assessments for the Ethnologue. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Swadesh, M. (1952). Lexico-statistic dating of prehistoric ethnic contacts: With special reference to North American Indians and Eskimos (pp. 452-463). In Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. Explore JSTOR."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Swadesh, M. (1955). Towards greater accuracy in lexicostatistic dating. International Journal of American Linguistics, 21(2), 121-137."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Walker, R. W. (2001). Measuring language attitudes and language use (pp.384-389). In T. G. Bergman (Compiler), Survey reference manual. Dallas: SIL International."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Webb, C. M. (1912). Census of India 1911, Volume IX Burma, Part I. Report. Rangoon: Government Printing."/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Wetherill, G. B. and M. C. South. (2001). Is your sample worth taking? (pp.65-77). In Bergman, T. G. (Compiler), Survey reference manual. Dallas: SIL International."/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/$$$call$$$/page/page/css?name=bootstrap" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/plugins/generic/orcidProfile/css/orcidProfile.css?v=3.3.0.8" type="text/css" /> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> <!-- script async src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-66624851-1'></script --> <script async src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-PDDBSXG8KH'></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('set', {cookie_flags: 'samesite=none;secure'}); gtag('config', 'G-PDDBSXG8KH'); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' href='https://www.tci-thaijo.org/css/cookieconsent.min.css' integrity='sha512-LQ97camar/lOliT/MqjcQs5kWgy6Qz/cCRzzRzUCfv0fotsCTC9ZHXaPQmJV8Xu/PVALfJZ7BDezl5lW3/qBxg==' crossorigin='anonymous' referrerpolicy='no-referrer' /> <!-- Cloudflare Web Analytics --><script defer src='https://static.cloudflareinsights.com/beacon.min.js' data-cf-beacon='{"token": "d8edfaf714fc437da80c9aa6fbf29b0c"}'></script><!-- End Cloudflare Web Analytics --> <style> /* body { padding-top: 18px; } .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper { top: 18px; } */ body { padding-bottom: 10em; } .thaijobanner { width: 360px; margin: 0 auto 0 auto; position: fixed; /* left: 0px; */ right: 3px; height: 2em; min-height: 21px; z-index: 255; /*background: rgb(232, 232, 232);*/ color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 21px; padding: 5px 16px; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; bottom: 0px; opacity: 1; border-radius: 5px 5px 30px 30px; } .thaijobanner a { text-decoration: none; color: #116; background: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 3px; padding: 6px; } </style> </head> <body class="pkp_page_article pkp_op_view has_site_logo"> <div class="pkp_structure_page"> <nav id="accessibility-nav" class="sr-only" role="navigation" aria-label="Quick jump to page content"> <ul> <li><a href="#main-navigation">Main Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="#main-content">Main Content</a></li> <li><a href="#sidebar">Sidebar</a></li> </ul> </nav> <header class="navbar navbar-default" id="headerNavigationContainer" role="banner"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <nav aria-label="User Navigation"> <ul id="navigationUser" class="nav nav-pills tab-list pull-right"> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/user/register"> Register </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/login"> Login </a> </li> </ul> <!--mrchoke--> <!--mrchoke--> </nav> </div><!-- .row --> </div><!-- .container-fluid --> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#nav-menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="nav-menu"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <div class="site-name"> <a href=" https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/index " class="navbar-brand navbar-brand-logo"> <img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/journals/357/pageHeaderLogoImage_en_US.jpg" > </a> </div> </div> <nav id="nav-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse" aria-label="Site Navigation"> <ul id="main-navigation" class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi"> Home </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/issue/current"> Current </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/issue/archive"> Archives </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/about/submissions"> Submissions </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/PeerReviewProcess"> Peer Review Process </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/ASI_Ethics"> ASI Publication Ethics </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/announcement"> Announcements </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/about/editorialTeam"> Editorial Team </a> </li> <li class=" dropdown"> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/about" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> About <span class="caret"></span> </a> <ul class="dropdown-menu "> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/about"> About the Journal </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/about/contact"> Contact </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div class="pull-md-right"> <form class="navbar-form navbar-left" role="search" method="post" action="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/search/search"> <div class="form-group"> <input class="form-control" name="query" value="" type="search" aria-label="Search Query" placeholder=""> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Search</button> </form> </div> </nav> </div><!-- .pkp_head_wrapper --> </header><!-- .pkp_structure_head --> <!-- mrchoke fixed --> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="pkp_structure_content container"> <main class="pkp_structure_main col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-md-8" role="main"> <div class="page page_article"> <nav class="cmp_breadcrumbs" role="navigation" aria-label="You are here:"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/index"> Home </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/issue/archive"> Archives </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/issue/view/17398"> Vol. 17 No. 4 (2024): Asia Social Issues: July - August </a> </li> <li class="active"> Research Article </li> </ol> </nav> <article class="article-details"> <header> <h1 class="page-header"> Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chin Speech Varieties Spoken along the Dalet Stream, Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar </h1> </header> <div class="row"> <section class="article-sidebar col-md-4"> <h2 class="sr-only">Article Sidebar</h2> <div class="cover-image"> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/issue/view/17398"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/journals/357/cover_issue_17398_en_US.png" alt="" > </a> </div> <div rel="nofollow" class="download"> <a rel="nofollow" class="galley-link btn btn-primary pdf" role="button" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/article/view/264779/180033"> PDF </a> </div> <div class="list-group"> <div class="list-group-item date-published"> <strong>Published:</strong> Dec 7, 2023 </div> <div class="list-group-item doi"> <strong>DOI:</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.48048/asi.2024.264779"> https://doi.org/10.48048/asi.2024.264779 </a> </div> <div class="list-group-item keywords"> <strong> Keywords:</strong> <div class=""> <span class="value"> Language Sociolinguistics Survey Vitality Literature Development Literacy </span> </div> </div> </div> </section><!-- .article-sidebar --> <div class="col-md-8"> <section class="article-main"> <h2 class="sr-only">Main Article Content</h2> <div class="authors"> <div class="author"> <strong>Carey Statezni</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand </div> </div> <div class="author"> <strong>Nathan Statezni</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand </div> </div> <div class="author"> <strong>Paing Nan</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand </div> </div> <div class="author"> <strong>Abraham</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand </div> </div> <div class="author"> <strong>Mang Tial Khun</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Payap University Linguistics Department &amp; Linguistics Institute, Mae Khao campus, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-summary" id="summary"> <h2>Abstract</h2> <div class="article-abstract" style="text-align: justify;"> <p>This report presents the results of a sociolinguistic survey fieldwork trip to the language groups along the Dalet Stream in Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar. The primary purpose of this survey was to determine the need for additional language development among these speakers. A secondary purpose was to investigate how ready these groups are for language development and how unified they are. The third purpose was to determine how many and which varieties might best be selected for additional literature development among these groups. The survey team investigated these questions through wordlists, questionnaires, participatory tools, and recorded text testing (RTT). The team learned that the Dalet Stream people are not adequately served by Burmese literature. There is a need and desire for additional vernacular language development. The Dalet Stream people are interested in literature development; however, promotion is needed. Language vitality is robust among most speech varieties, and there is a sizable population of speakers. Some educated people are interested in helping develop literature to maintain their people group’s culture and language. However, interest in language development and literacy must still be built in the broader community.</p> </div> </div> </section><!-- .article-main --> <section class="article-more-details"> <h2 class="sr-only">Article Details</h2> <div class="panel panel-default how-to-cite"> <div class="panel-heading"> How to Cite </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div id="citationOutput" role="region" aria-live="polite"> <div class="csl-bib-body"> <div class="csl-entry">Statezni, C., Statezni, N., Paing Nan, Abraham, &#38; Mang Tial Khun. (2023). Sociolinguistic Survey of the Chin Speech Varieties Spoken along the Dalet Stream, Ann Township, Rakhine State, Myanmar. <i>Asia Social Issues</i>, <i>17</i>(4), e264779. https://doi.org/10.48048/asi.2024.264779</div> </div> </div> <div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-controls="cslCitationFormats"> More Citation Formats <span class="caret"></span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/acm-sig-proceedings?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/acm-sig-proceedings?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > ACM </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/acs-nano?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/acs-nano?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > ACS </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/apa?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/apa?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > APA </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > ABNT </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/chicago-author-date?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/chicago-author-date?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > Chicago </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/harvard-cite-them-right?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/harvard-cite-them-right?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > Harvard </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/ieee?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/ieee?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > IEEE </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/modern-language-association?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/modern-language-association?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > MLA </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/turabian-fullnote-bibliography?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/turabian-fullnote-bibliography?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > Turabian </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/vancouver?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991" data-load-citation rel="nofollow" data-json-href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/get/vancouver?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991&amp;return=json" > Vancouver </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-controls="cslCitationFormats"> Download Citation <span class="caret"></span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li> <a rel="nofollow" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/download/ris?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991"> <span class="fa fa-download"></span> Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) </a> <li> <a rel="nofollow" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/citationstylelanguage/download/bibtex?submissionId=264779&amp;publicationId=31991"> <span class="fa fa-download"></span> BibTeX </a> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default issue"> <div class="panel-heading"> Issue </div> <div class="panel-body"> <a class="title" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/issue/view/17398"> Vol. 17 No. 4 (2024): Asia Social Issues: July - August </a> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default section"> <div class="panel-heading"> Section </div> <div class="panel-body"> Research Article </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default copyright"> <div class="panel-body"> <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><p>This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p> <p>Copyright: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</p> </div> </div> <div class="article-references"> <h2>References</h2> <div class="article-references-content"> <p>Bergman, T. G. (2017). Sampling. In SIL International Language Assessment (Ed.), Principles of Language Survey course. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Bergman, T. G. (2017). To test comprehension of vernacular literature by those of a different speech. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Bickford, J. A. (2016). The ethics of language identification and ISO 639. Listening – Journal of Communication Ethics, Religion, and Culture, 51(1), 15. </p> <p>Blair, F. (1990). Survey on a shoestring: a manual for small-scale language surveys. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington. </p> <p>Bouwer, L. &amp; Bergman, T. G. (2017). Methods and tools used in language surveys. In SIL International Language Assessment (Ed.), Principles of Language Survey course. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Bradley, D. (1997). Tibeto-Burman languages and classification (pp.1-72). In Bradley, D. (Ed.). Papers in Southeast Asian Linguistics No. 14: Tibeto-Burman Languages of the Himalayas. Pacific Linguistics A-86. </p> <p>Brown, R. (1998). On criteria for identifying language groups and language clusters. Notes on Sociolinguistics 3(1), 3-42. </p> <p>Brye, E. (2012). Applying language survey methods from assessment to assignments. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Casad, E. H. (1974). Dialect intelligibility testing. Norman, Oklahoma: Summer Institute of Linguistics. </p> <p>Casad, E. H. (1992). Windows on bilingualism. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of Texas at Arlington. </p> <p>Crystal, D. (2008). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics (6th eds.). Blackwell Publishing. Retrieved from <a href="https://hslcorner.files.wordpress.com/2019/09/david-crystal-a-dictionary-of-linguistics-and-phonetics-1.pdf">https://hslcorner.files.wordpress.com/2019/09/david-crystal-a-dictionary-of-linguistics-and-phonetics-1.pdf</a> </p> <p>Daspit, D. (2015). Cog Software: PC. Retrieved from <a href="http://software.sil.org/cog/">http://software.sil.org/cog/</a> </p> <p>Decker, K., &amp; Grummitt, J. (2012). Understanding language choices: A guide to sociolinguistic assessment. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Downey, M. P. (1986). Survey methodologies and their insights into the acceptability of literature among related varieties. (Master’s thesis). Texas: University of Texas-Arlington. </p> <p>Eberhard, D. M., Simons, G. F., &amp; Fennig, C. D. (2023). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (25th eds.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. </p> <p>Feng, Z., &amp; Areerungruang, S. (2023). Research on the design method of dialect in Chongqing city culture brand. Asia Social Issues, 16(4), e259556. </p> <p>Fishman, J. (1991). Reversing language shift: Theory and practice of assistance to threatened languages. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. </p> <p>Grimes, J. E. (1995). Language survey reference guide. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics. </p> <p>Hasselbring, S. (2008). Participatory methods for language programs. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Hasselbring, S. (2011). Dialoguing with language community members for translation work. Bible Translation 2011 Conference Dallas, Texas, United States. </p> <p>Hilty, H. J. &amp; Mitchell, J. R. (2014). Yamphu: A sociolinguistic survey. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2014-007. Retrieved from: <a href="https://www.sil.org/resources/publications/entry/59732">https://www.sil.org/resources/publications/entry/59732</a> </p> <p>Hymes, D. H. (1960). Lexicostatistics so far. Current Anthropology, 1(1), 3-44. </p> <p>Karan, M. E. (2000). Motivations: Language vitality assessments using the perceived benefit model of language (pp.65-77). In Kindell, G. E., &amp; Lewis, M. P. (Eds.). Assessing ethnolinguistic vitality: Theory and practice, Selected papers from the Third International Language Assessment Conference. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Kindell, G. E. (1991). Proceedings of the Summer Institute of Linguistics International Language Assessment Conference. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics. </p> <p>Kumar, S. (2002). Methods for community participation: a complete guide for practitioners. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications. </p> <p>Lewis, M. P. &amp; Simons, G. (2015). Sustaining language use: perspectives on community-based language development. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Linguistic Survey of Burma: Preparatory Stage Or Linguistic Census. (1917). Rangoon: Government Printing and Stationery. </p> <p>Mack, N., Woodsong, C., MacQueen, K. M., Guest, G. &amp; Namey, E. (2005). Qualitative research methods: A data collector’s field guide. Research Triangle Park, NC: Family Health International. Retrieved from: <a href="https://www.fhi360.org/resource/qualitative-research-methods-data-collectors-field-guide">https://www.fhi360.org/resource/qualitative-research-methods-data-collectors-field-guide</a> </p> <p>Mann, N. (2004). Mainland Southeast Asia comparative wordlist for lexicostatistic studies. Chiang Mai: Department of Linguistics, Payap University. </p> <p>Matisoff, J. A. (1978). Variational semantics in Tibeto-Burman. Philadelphia, PA: Institute for the Study of Human Issues. </p> <p>Nahhas, R. W. &amp; Mann, N. (2007). The steps of eliciting and analyzing word lists: A practical guide. Chiang Mai: Department of Linguistics, Payap University. </p> <p>Nahhas, R. W. (2007). Random and non-random sampling for language surveys: Methods and implications. Chiang Mai: Department of Linguistics, Payap University. </p> <p>Nahhas, R. W. (2007). The steps of recorded text testing: A practical guide. Chiang Mai: Linguistics Institute, Payap University. </p> <p>Nahhas, R. W. (2017). The steps of language survey: An outline of practical methods. Chiang Mai: Linguistics Institute, Payap University and SIL International. </p> <p>O’Leary, C. F. (1994). The role of recorded text tests in intelligibility language assessment and language program decisions. Notes on Sociolinguistics SI2, 48–72. </p> <p>Salai Aung Thaik. (2001). History of Asho Chin (pp.173-193). In Chin History Research Committee (Ed.), A brief account of the history, traditions, and customs of the Chin people. Yangon: Chin History Research Committee. </p> <p>Showalter, C. J. (1991). Getting what you asked for: A study of sociolinguistic survey questionnaires (pp.203-222). In Kindell, G. E. (Ed.). In Proceedings of the Summer Institute of Linguistics International Language Assessment Conference, Horsleys Green. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics. </p> <p>Simons, G. F. &amp; Lewis, M. P. (2011). Making EGIDS assessments for the Ethnologue. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Swadesh, M. (1952). Lexico-statistic dating of prehistoric ethnic contacts: With special reference to North American Indians and Eskimos (pp. 452-463). In Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. Explore JSTOR. </p> <p>Swadesh, M. (1955). Towards greater accuracy in lexicostatistic dating. International Journal of American Linguistics, 21(2), 121-137. </p> <p>Walker, R. W. (2001). Measuring language attitudes and language use (pp.384-389). In T. G. Bergman (Compiler), Survey reference manual. Dallas: SIL International. </p> <p>Webb, C. M. (1912). Census of India 1911, Volume IX Burma, Part I. Report. Rangoon: Government Printing. </p> <p>Wetherill, G. B. and M. C. South. (2001). Is your sample worth taking? (pp.65-77). In Bergman, T. G. (Compiler), Survey reference manual. Dallas: SIL International. </p> </div> </div> </section><!-- .article-details --> </div><!-- .col-md-8 --> </div><!-- .row --> </article> </div><!-- .page --> </main> <aside id="sidebar" class="pkp_structure_sidebar left col-xs-12 col-sm-2 col-md-4" role="complementary" aria-label="Sidebar"> <a href="/public/api/infoTier.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img style="display: block;width: 70%;margin: 1.2em auto;border-radius: 50%;box-shadow: 4px 3px 15px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);" src="https://www.tci-thaijo.org/public/tinfo.php?path=asi" alt="TCI Medal" onload="if(this.height<100){this.style.margin='0';this.style['box-shadow']=''}"> </a> <div class="pkp_block block_make_submission"> <h2 class="pkp_screen_reader"> Make a Submission </h2> <div class="content"> <a class="block_make_submission_link" href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/about/submissions"> Make a Submission </a> </div> </div> <div class="pkp_block block_custom" id="customblock-thaijo"> <h2 class="title">ThaiJO</h2> <div class="content"> <div class="content"> <p align="center"><br><a href="https://tci-thailand.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Indexed in TCI</a>&nbsp;<br><br><a title="home thaijo" href="https://www.tci-thaijo.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="/public/site/images/tci_admin/LogoIThaijo.png" width="150" height="28"></a></p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pkp_block block_information"> <h2 class="title">Information</h2> <div class="content"> <ul> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/information/readers"> For Readers </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/information/authors"> For Authors </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pkp_block block_custom" id="customblock-guidelines"> <h2 class="title">Indexed In</h2> <div class="content"> <p><strong>&nbsp; <img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/site/images/socjourn/tci_30.png" width="122" height="50">&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></p> <p><strong><br></strong><img style="font-size: 14px;" src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/site/images/socjourn/scholar_logo_30.png" width="233" height="39">&nbsp;</p> <p><br>&nbsp;<a style="font-size: 14px;" href="https://www.tci-thaijo.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/site/images/socjourn/thai-jo_30x.png" width="164" height="27"></a></p> <p><br>&nbsp;<a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2774-0315" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/site/images/socjourn/ISSN_150x.png" width="165" height="47"></a><br><br><a href="https://www.crossref.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/public/site/images/cherdvongseang/crossref-logo-2401.png" width="127" height="77"></a></p> </div> </div> <div class="pkp_block block_custom" id="customblock-visitor"> <h2 class="title">Visitor</h2> <div class="content"> <p align="center"><a href="https://info.flagcounter.com/Qpgu" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://s10.flagcounter.com/count2/Qpgu/bg_FFFFFF/txt_000000/border_CCCCCC/columns_2/maxflags_10/viewers_0/labels_1/pageviews_1/flags_0/percent_0/" alt="Free counters!" border="0"></a></p> <p align="center">Counter Installed&nbsp; &nbsp;July 14,&nbsp;2017</p> </div> </div> <div class="pkp_block block_web_feed"> <h2 class="title">Current Issue</h2> <div class="content"> <ul> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/atom"> <img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/lib/pkp/templates/images/atom.svg" alt="Atom logo"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/rss2"> <img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/lib/pkp/templates/images/rss20_logo.svg" alt="RSS2 logo"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/rss"> <img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/lib/pkp/templates/images/rss10_logo.svg" alt="RSS1 logo"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pkp_block block_custom" id="customblock-wu-grad"> <h2 class="title">WUGrad</h2> <div class="content"> <p><a href="https://grad.wu.ac.th/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/site/images/socjourn/03-praduu-abbreviation-300x167.png" alt="" width="300" height="167"></a></p> </div> </div> <div class="pkp_block block_custom" id="customblock-facebook"> <h2 class="title">Facebook</h2> <div class="content"> <p class="title"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100057550866839" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="/public/site/images/socjourn/3e252d3bcbf3809d03886b8e8c407c46_copy.png" width="218" height="218"></a></p> </div> </div> </aside><!-- pkp_sidebar.left --> </div><!-- pkp_structure_content --> <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-10"> <p><strong>Asia Social Issues</strong><br />College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University.<br />222 Thaiburi Thasal District Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. 80161<br />Tel. +66 75 476 485 Fax. +66-7567-3000 ext. 76480<br />E-mail: socjourn.wjss@gmail.com<br />Website: <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi">https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi</a><br /><a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2774-0315">ISSN: 2774-0315 (Online)</a></p> </div> <div class="col-md-2" role="complementary"> <a href="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/asi/about/aboutThisPublishingSystem"> <img class="img-responsive" alt="More information about the publishing system, Platform and Workflow by OJS/PKP." src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/templates/images/ojs_brand.png"> </a> </div> </div> <!-- .row --> </div><!-- .container --> </footer> </div><!-- pkp_structure_page --> <script src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/components/jquery/jquery.min.js?v=3.3.0.8" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/components/jqueryui/jquery-ui.min.js?v=3.3.0.8" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jquery.tag-it.js?v=3.3.0.8" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/plugins/themes/bootstrap3/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js?v=3.3.0.8" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/plugins/generic/citationStyleLanguage/js/articleCitation.js?v=3.3.0.8" type="text/javascript"></script> <div class="thaijobanner"> <span><a href="https://www.nstda.or.th/home/nstda-privacy-policy/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">นโยบายการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล</a> <a href="https://www.nstda.or.th/en/nstda-privacy-policy.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Privacy policy</a></span> </div> <script src="https://www.tci-thaijo.org/js/cookieconsent.min.js" integrity="sha512-yXXqOFjdjHNH1GND+1EO0jbvvebABpzGKD66djnUfiKlYME5HGMUJHoCaeE4D5PTG2YsSJf6dwqyUUvQvS0vaA==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" data-cfasync="false"></script> <script> window.cookieconsent.initialise({ "palette": { "popup": { "background": "#252e39" }, "button": { "background": "#14a7d0" } }, "cookie": { "domain": ".tci-thaijo.org", "secure": true }, "content": { "message": "เว็บไซต์นี้มีการใช้งานคุกกี้ เพื่อให้การใช้งานเว็บไซต์เป็นไปอย่างราบรื่นและเป็นส่วนตัวมากขึ้น จึงขอให้ท่านรับรองว่าท่านได้อ่านและทำความเข้าใจนโยบายการใช้งานคุกกี้ ซึ่งเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของ<a href=https://www.nstda.or.th/home/nstda-privacy-policy/ >นโยบายการคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล</a><br>This website uses cookies to offer you a seamless experience. These cookies are essential for running our website and are key to providing you a smoother and more personalized experience. By using our website, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our cookie policy.", "dismiss": "Accept", "link": "Privacy policy", "href": "https://www.nstda.or.th/en/nstda-privacy-policy.html" }, "theme": "classic", "position": "bottom" }); </script> </body><!-- upstream_status=200 --> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10