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– Technology Division</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3009-es" class="lang-item lang-item-11 lang-item-es lang-item-first menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3009-es"><a href="https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/inicio/investigacion/fisica-de-plasmas/" hreflang="es-ES" lang="es-ES">Español</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </header> <div id="main"> <div id="primary"> <div id="content" role="main"> <article id="post-3136" class="post-3136 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title">Plasma physics</h1> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><strong>Transport physics and 3-D effects<br /> </strong></p> <p>The transport of particles and heat is a fundamental topic for the achievement of an efficient fusion reactor.</p> <p><a href="https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/bicoherence.png"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-3215" title="bicoherence" src="https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/bicoherence-300x256.png" alt="" width="300" height="256" srcset="https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/bicoherence-300x256.png 300w, https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/bicoherence-351x300.png 351w, https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/bicoherence.png 616w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a><em>Zonal flow physics</em> – The paradigm of turbulence control should include both mean and oscillating sheared flows. TJ-II findings have shown the importance of long-range correlations (with zonal flow-like structure) as a new fingerprint of the plasma behaviour during the development of edge shear flows, evidence of global transport modulated by zonal flows and the key role of electric fields, magnetic topology and reduced plasma viscosity to amplify them.</p> <p><em>Impurity transport </em>– Impurity accumulation is recognized as a potential showstopper for the development of fusion energy. In recent years, significant progress has been reported regarding the physics understanding of empirical actuators, like ECRH heating, to avoid core impurity accumulation. However, how exactly ECRH affects turbulent transport, plasma potential asymmetries and neoclassical transport remains a subject of intense study.</p> <p><em>Momentum transport, intrinsic rotation and 3D effects </em>– In large scale devices like ITER rotation driven by external forces will be limited. Therefore, it is important to quantify the role of alternative driving mechanisms of plasma rotation, like those related with plasma turbulence and fast particles.</p> <p><em>Isotope effect</em> – Understanding the physics of the isotope effect has direct impact in predicting the confinement properties of fusion D-T reactors. Comparative studies in TEXTOR tokamak and TJ-II stellarator have shown experimental evidence of the importance of multi-scale physics (zonal flows) for unravelling the physics of this effect.</p> <p><em>Neoclassical transport</em> – Proper validation of local neoclassical theory at reactor-relevant conditions is needed. Extensions of the standard neoclassical theory are necessary for a better assessment of collisional transport in stellarator reactors, such as non-local and non flux-surface based calculations.</p> <p><em>Particle and energy confinement</em> – Clarifying the physics behind uncoupled (heat and particle) transport channels is one of the main scientific conundrums for understanding ELM control techniques (e.g. using magnetic perturbations), as part of the ITER base-line scenario, and the development of plasma scenarios without ELMs (e.g. the I-mode).</p> <p><strong>Advanced plasma-wall and power exhaust techniques </strong></p> <p><em>Power exhaust physics</em> – Power exhaust is one of the most critical, complex and challenging issues for the development of a fusion power reactor. Solid materials are at present the standard solution for plasma facing components, but are known to be prone to erosion, melting, dust formation and neutron-induced permanent damage under reactor-relevant plasma exposure. The LNF has developed an active programme for improving TJ-II plasma confinement by Li-coating, while exploring the power handling capabilities and fuel retention properties of liquid metals (Li and alloys) under the presence of capillary forces.</p> <p><strong>Cutting edge computing and simulations </strong></p> <p><a href="https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/Euterpe.png"><img decoding="async" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-3212" title="Euterpe" src="https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/Euterpe-300x249.png" alt="" width="300" height="249" srcset="https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/Euterpe-300x249.png 300w, https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/Euterpe-361x300.png 361w, https://www.fusion.ciemat.es/files/2016/03/Euterpe.png 643w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a><em>Gyrokinetic studies</em> – Turbulence calculations are performed in CIEMAT in the frame of the Gyro-kinetic theory using the code Euterpe. Gyrokinetic equations have been derived to higher order providing the equations for the long-wavelength pieces of the fields that are needed to determine the rotation profile.</p> <p><em>Stellarator optimization</em> – The search for optimised stellarator design has been performed based on swarm strategy and includes the minimization of neoclassical transport and the improvement of stability.</p> <p><strong>Advanced diagnostics, data acquisition and analysis tools </strong></p> <p>Improvements in TJ-II plasma diagnostics and advanced data acquisition and analysis tools have led to new physics and better understanding of the confinement properties of fusion plasmas.</p> <p><strong>Towards the stellarator reactor. Supporting W7-X </strong></p> <p>The Stellarator concept offers an alternative route to a Fusion Power Plant with unique capabilities: steady state operation without the need of external current drive and the absence of plasma disruptions. Research at TJ-II will provide support for the W7-X stellarator, a key element of the EU stellarator programme, in some crucial research areas:</p> <ul> <li>Understanding of mitigation methods for core impurity accumulation</li> <li>Critical test of models</li> <li>Diagnostic development</li> <li>Dynamics of zonal flows</li> <li>Characterization of micro-instabilities</li> <li>Mechanisms of confinement mode control</li> </ul> <p>See <a href="https://wiki.fusion.ciemat.es/wiki/Plasma_Physics_at_the_LNF" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Plasma Physics at the LNF</a></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> </footer> </article> <div id="comments"> </div> </div> </div> <div id="secondary" class="widget-area" role="complementary"> <aside id="block-4" class="widget widget_block widget_text"> <p><strong>News - noticias</strong></p> </aside><aside id="block-5" class="widget widget_block widget_text"> <p><ul class="display-posts-listing"><li class="listing-item"><a class="title" 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href="https://twitter.com/fusionincloseup/status/1861322499889471928" class="ctf-tweet-date" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >26 Nov</a> </div> </div> <div class="ctf-corner-logo" > <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-twitter fa-w-16" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="twitter logo" data-fa-processed="" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="twitter" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"></path></svg> </div> </div> <div class="ctf-tweet-content"> <p class="ctf-tweet-text"> What an event! The energy for fusion was palpable at #COP29. Thank you to our partner @iterorg for welcoming us in your excellent visitor's area in the Green Zone!<br /> <br /> Read our short summary on COP29 here:<br /> https://euro-fusion.org/eurofusion-news/eurofusion-strengthens-fusion-collaboration-at-cop29/<br /> <br /> #FusionEnergy #Innovation #EUROfusion #ITER </p><a href="https://twitter.com/FusionInCloseUp/status/1861322499889471928" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ctf-tweet-text-media-wrap"><svg aria-hidden="true" aria-label="video in tweet" focusable="false" data-prefix="far" data-icon="file-video" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512" class="svg-inline--fa fa-file-video fa-w-12 fa-9x ctf-tweet-text-media"><path fill="currentColor" d="M369.941 97.941l-83.882-83.882A48 48 0 0 0 252.118 0H48C21.49 0 0 21.49 0 48v416c0 26.51 21.49 48 48 48h288c26.51 0 48-21.49 48-48V131.882a48 48 0 0 0-14.059-33.941zM332.118 128H256V51.882L332.118 128zM48 464V48h160v104c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 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rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ctf-author-name" >EUROfusion</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/fusionincloseup" class="ctf-author-screenname" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >@fusionincloseup</a> <span class="ctf-screename-sep">·</span> <div class="ctf-tweet-meta" > <a href="https://twitter.com/fusionincloseup/status/1860968657410510992" class="ctf-tweet-date" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >25 Nov</a> </div> </div> <div class="ctf-corner-logo" > <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-twitter fa-w-16" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="twitter logo" data-fa-processed="" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="twitter" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"></path></svg> </div> </div> <div class="ctf-tweet-content"> <p class="ctf-tweet-text"> We are delighted to share the success of the Fusion Knowledge Management Workshop, co-organized by EUROfusion and Fusion for Energy (F4E) from November 12-14, 2024.<br /> <br /> #EUROfusion #F4E #fusion #knowledge #management<br /> <br /> Photo credit: Magits Jeroen (F4E-Ext) </p><a href="https://twitter.com/FusionInCloseUp/status/1860968657410510992" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" 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ctf-author-fusionincloseup ctf-new" id="1859525912120918045" > <div class="ctf-author-box"> <div class="ctf-author-box-link"> <a href="https://twitter.com/fusionincloseup" class="ctf-author-avatar" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" > <img src="https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/520164542228082688/yq_7D2Ex_normal.jpeg" alt="fusionincloseup" width="48" height="48"> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/fusionincloseup" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ctf-author-name" >EUROfusion</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/fusionincloseup" class="ctf-author-screenname" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >@fusionincloseup</a> <span class="ctf-screename-sep">·</span> <div class="ctf-tweet-meta" > <a href="https://twitter.com/fusionincloseup/status/1859525912120918045" class="ctf-tweet-date" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >21 Nov</a> </div> </div> <div class="ctf-corner-logo" > <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-twitter fa-w-16" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="twitter logo" data-fa-processed="" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="twitter" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"></path></svg> </div> </div> <div class="ctf-tweet-content"> <p class="ctf-tweet-text"> We interviewed Haowei Zhang about the topic of his EUROfusion ERG grant for early-career researchers. As a numerical modeler, Zhang will study a calming process of self-organisation in fusion plasmas.<br /> https://euro-fusion.org/eurofusion-news/let-the-plasma-calm-itself/<br /> @PlasmaphysikIPP #FusionInEurope #Road2Fusion </p><a href="https://twitter.com/FusionInCloseUp/status/1859525912120918045" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ctf-tweet-text-media-wrap ctf-multi-media-icon">3<svg aria-hidden="true" aria-label="images in tweet" focusable="false" data-prefix="far" data-icon="image" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="svg-inline--fa fa-image fa-w-16 fa-9x ctf-tweet-text-media"><path fill="currentColor" d="M464 64H48C21.49 64 0 85.49 0 112v288c0 26.51 21.49 48 48 48h416c26.51 0 48-21.49 48-48V112c0-26.51-21.49-48-48-48zm-6 336H54a6 6 0 0 1-6-6V118a6 6 0 0 1 6-6h404a6 6 0 0 1 6 6v276a6 6 0 0 1-6 6zM128 152c-22.091 0-40 17.909-40 40s17.909 40 40 40 40-17.909 40-40-17.909-40-40-40zM96 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Then join the @FuseNet_eu Student Event on November 21, 2024! 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