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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ramchandra Pant Amatya (Bawadekar)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ramchandra_Pant_Amatya_(Bawadekar)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bhat_Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bhat_Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bhat Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bhat_Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lifestyle_and_Political_Stature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lifestyle_and_Political_Stature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Lifestyle and Political Stature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lifestyle_and_Political_Stature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Peshwas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Peshwas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of Peshwas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_Peshwas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of Peshwas subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_Peshwas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hereditary_Peshwas_from_Bhat_family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hereditary_Peshwas_from_Bhat_family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Hereditary Peshwas from Bhat family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hereditary_Peshwas_from_Bhat_family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_generals_and_diplomats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_generals_and_diplomats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable generals and diplomats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_generals_and_diplomats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8)" title="بيشوا (لقب) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيشوا (لقب)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9%C5%A1va" title="Péšva – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Péšva" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7_(%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7)" title="پیشوا (امپراتوری مراتا) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیشوا (امپراتوری مراتا)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshw%C3%A2" title="Peshwâ – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peshwâ" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE" title="પેશવા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પેશવા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EC%8A%88%EC%99%80" title="페슈와 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페슈와" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="पेशवा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पेशवा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%86" title="ಪೇಷ್ವೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪೇಷ್ವೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="პეშვა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პეშვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="पेशवा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="पेशवा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5" title="പേഷ്വ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പേഷ്വ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87" title="पेशवे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पेशवे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="पेशवा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पेशवा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC" title="ペーシュワー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペーシュワー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пешва – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Пешва" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪੇਸ਼ਵਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੇਸ਼ਵਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7" title="پیشوا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پیشوا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пешва – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пешва" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пешва – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пешва" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE" title="பேஷ்வா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பேஷ்வா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE" title="పీష్వా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పీష్వా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Пешво (унвон) – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пешво (унвон)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Peshwa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пешва – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пешва" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7" title="پیشوا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پیشوا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E4%BB%80%E7%93%A6" title="佩什瓦 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="佩什瓦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Bhat_family" title="Bhat family">Bhat family</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Peshwa of the Marathas</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px var( --border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1 );"><div style="display:inline-block;border-style: solid;padding: 3px;border-color: transparent;border-width: 0px;background-color: transparent;color: black;margin: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Maratha Empire"><img alt="Flag of the Maratha Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="95" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="280" /></a></span></div><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Bhagwa_dhwaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagwa dhwaj">Flag</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px var( --border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1 ); line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bajirao_II_Peshwa_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bajirao_II_Peshwa_India.jpg/250px-Bajirao_II_Peshwa_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bajirao_II_Peshwa_India.jpg/500px-Bajirao_II_Peshwa_India.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1316" data-file-height="1630" /></a></span></div><b>Last to serve</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II" title="Baji Rao II">Baji Rao II</a><br />6 December 1796 – 3 June 1818</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">Residence</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shaniwar_Wada" title="Shaniwar Wada">Shaniwar Wada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pune" title="Pune">Pune</a> (1732–1818)<br /><a href="/wiki/Bithur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bithur">Bithur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanpur_Nagar_district" title="Kanpur Nagar district">Kanpur</a> (1818–57)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chhatrapati" title="Chhatrapati">Chhatrapati</a> (until 1761)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Hereditary</a> (1761–1818)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">6 June 1674</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moropant_Trimbak_Pingle" title="Moropant Trimbak Pingle">Moropant Trimbak Pingle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II" title="Baji Rao II">Baji Rao II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Saheb_Peshwa_II" title="Nana Saheb Peshwa II">Nana Saheb II</a> (tituler)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abolished</th><td class="infobox-data">3 June 1818 (<i><a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II#Surrender_and_retirement" title="Baji Rao II">de jure</a></i>)<br />16 July 1857 (<i><a href="/wiki/Nana_Saheb_Peshwa_II#Recapture_of_Kanpur_by_the_British" title="Nana Saheb Peshwa II">de facto</a></i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Succession</th><td class="infobox-data">The Peshwas split into 3 dynasties after abolishment</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Peshwa</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the second highest office in the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Confederacy" title="Maratha Confederacy">Maratha Confederacy</a>, next in rank and prestige only to that of the <a href="/wiki/Chhatrapati" title="Chhatrapati">Chhatrapati</a>. Initially serving as the appointed <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">prime minister</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha Kingdom">Maratha Kingdom</a>, the office became hereditary when Shahu gave the seat of Peshwa to <a href="/wiki/Bajirao_I" title="Bajirao I">Bajirao Ballal</a>. During the reign of Shahu, the office of Peshwa grew in power and the Peshwas came to be the <i>de facto</i> rulers of the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Confederacy" title="Maratha Confederacy">Maratha Confederacy</a>. Eventually, the Chhatrapati title became titular and the main heads were the Peshwas according to the Sangola pact. </p><p>All Peshwas during the rule of <a href="/wiki/Shivaji" title="Shivaji">Shivaji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sambhaji" title="Sambhaji">Sambhaji</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rajaram_I" title="Rajaram I">Rajaram</a> belonged to <a href="/wiki/Marathi_people" title="Marathi people">Marathi</a> <a href="/wiki/Deshastha_Brahmin" title="Deshastha Brahmin">Deshastha Brahmin</a> community.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrasad200788_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrasad200788-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first Peshwa was <a href="/wiki/Moropant_Trimbak_Pingle" title="Moropant Trimbak Pingle">Moropant Pingle</a>, who was appointed as the head of the <a href="/wiki/Ashta_Pradhan" title="Ashta Pradhan">Ashta Pradhan</a> (council of eight ministers) by Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Kingdom. The initial Peshwas were all ministers who served as the chief executives to the king. The later Peshwas held the highest administrative office and also controlled the Maratha confederacy. Under the <a href="/wiki/Bhat_family" title="Bhat family">Bhat family</a>, the Peshwas became the <i>de facto</i> hereditary administrators of the Confederacy. The Peshwa's office was most powerful under <a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Baji Rao I">Baji Rao I</a> (r. 1720–1740). Under Peshwa administration and with the support of several key generals and diplomats, the Maratha Confederacy reached its zenith, ruling major areas of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. The subsequent Peshwas brought in autonomy and as a result later on many states were controlled and administered by the Maratha chiefs such as <a href="/wiki/Scindia" class="mw-redirect" title="Scindia">Scindias</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaekwad_dynasty" title="Gaekwad dynasty">Gaekwads</a>. </p><p>In 1760, the peace of Peshwa government was broken by a rising of <a href="/wiki/Koli_people" title="Koli people">Kolis</a> under their Naik <a href="/wiki/Javji_Bamble" title="Javji Bamble">Javji Bamble</a>. Javji withdrew to the hills and organised a series of gang robberies, causing widespread terror and misery throughout the country. For twenty years he held out bravely, defeating and killing the generals the Peshwa's Government sent against him. At last he was so hotly pursued that, on the advice of Dhondo Gopal, the Peshwa's governor at <a href="/wiki/Nashik" title="Nashik">Nasik</a>, he surrendered all his forts to <a href="/wiki/Tukoji_Rao_Holkar" title="Tukoji Rao Holkar">Tukoji Holkar</a> and, through <a href="/wiki/House_of_Holkar" title="House of Holkar">Holkar</a>'s influence, was pardoned and placed in military and police charge of a district of sixty villages with powers of life and death outlaws. In 1798, a fresh disturbance took place among the Kolis. The leader of this outbreak was Ramji Naik Bhangria, who was an abler and more daring man than his predecessors, and succeeded in baffling all the efforts of the Government officers to seize him. As force seemed hopeless, the Government offered Ramji a pardon and gave him an important police post.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_use">First use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: First use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malik_%27Ambar,_Ahmadnagar,_early_17th_century,_Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Malik_%27Ambar%2C_Ahmadnagar%2C_early_17th_century%2C_Museum_of_Fine_Arts%2C_Boston.jpg/220px-Malik_%27Ambar%2C_Ahmadnagar%2C_early_17th_century%2C_Museum_of_Fine_Arts%2C_Boston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Malik_%27Ambar%2C_Ahmadnagar%2C_early_17th_century%2C_Museum_of_Fine_Arts%2C_Boston.jpg/330px-Malik_%27Ambar%2C_Ahmadnagar%2C_early_17th_century%2C_Museum_of_Fine_Arts%2C_Boston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Malik_%27Ambar%2C_Ahmadnagar%2C_early_17th_century%2C_Museum_of_Fine_Arts%2C_Boston.jpg/440px-Malik_%27Ambar%2C_Ahmadnagar%2C_early_17th_century%2C_Museum_of_Fine_Arts%2C_Boston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1497" data-file-height="1873" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Malik_Ambar" title="Malik Ambar">Malik Ambar</a>, Peshwa of the <a href="/wiki/Ahmadnagar_Sultanate" title="Ahmadnagar Sultanate">Ahmadnagar Sultanate</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The word Peshwa is from <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> <span lang="fa"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7#Persian" class="extiw" title="wikt:پیشوا">پیشوا</a></span> <i>pēshwā</i>, meaning "foremost, leader".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term was inherited from the political vocabulary of previous <a href="/wiki/Persianate" class="mw-redirect" title="Persianate">Persianate</a> empires operating in the Deccan. As early as 1397, the <a href="/wiki/Bahmani_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahmani Sultanate">Bahmani Sultanate</a> designated its prime minister as "peshwa". In the 16th and 17th centuries, this practice was continued by the <a href="/wiki/Ahmednagar_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmednagar Sultanate">Ahmednagar Sultanate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bijapur_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bijapur Sultanate">Bijapur Sultanate</a>, both successor states of the Bahmani Sultanate.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the coronation of Shivaji in 1674, he appointed <a href="/wiki/Moropant_Peshwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Moropant Peshwe">Moropant Trimbak Pingle</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKulkarni199647_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKulkarni199647-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as his first Peshwa. Shivaji renamed this designation as <i>Pantpradhan</i> in 1674 but this term was less commonly used. Moropant Trimbak Pingale's son, <a href="/wiki/Moreshvar_Pingale" title="Moreshvar Pingale">Nilopant Moreshvar Pingale</a>, succeeded him during <a href="/wiki/Sambhaji" title="Sambhaji">Sambhaji</a>'s rule after Moropant Pingle's death in 1683.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshi1980112_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshi1980112-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ramchandra_Pant_Amatya_(Bawadekar)"><span id="Ramchandra_Pant_Amatya_.28Bawadekar.29"></span>Ramchandra Pant Amatya (Bawadekar)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ramchandra Pant Amatya (Bawadekar)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joppen1907India1795a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Joppen1907India1795a.jpg/250px-Joppen1907India1795a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Joppen1907India1795a.jpg/330px-Joppen1907India1795a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a7/Joppen1907India1795a.jpg/500px-Joppen1907India1795a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="828" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Extent of the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Confederacy" title="Maratha Confederacy">Maratha Confederacy</a>, 1795</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Pant_Amatya" title="Ramchandra Pant Amatya">Ramchandra Amatya</a> recaptured many forts from the <a href="/wiki/Mughals" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughals">Mughals</a> between 1690 and 1694, some in person, as well as personally conducting guerilla war techniques. When <a href="/wiki/Rajaram_I" title="Rajaram I">Rajaram I</a> fled to Jinji in 1689, before leaving Maharashtra, he gave "Hukumat panha" (King Status) to Pant. Ramchandra Pant managed the entire state under many challenges such as the Mughal influx, the betrayal of <a href="/wiki/Vatandar" title="Vatandar">Vatandars</a>, and scarcity of food. With his help, Sachiv kept the Maratha State on a sound economic footing.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bhat_Family">Bhat Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bhat Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bhat_family" title="Bhat family">Bhat family</a></div> <p>The Maratha war of succession between Tara Bai and Shahu resulted in latter's victory and assumption of Maratha throne as Chhatrapati. In 1713, Shahu appointed <a href="/wiki/Balaji_Vishwanath" title="Balaji Vishwanath">Balaji Vishwanath (Bhat)</a>, as Peshwa. The appointment of Balaji's son, <a href="/wiki/Bajirao" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajirao">Baji Rao I</a>, as Peshwa in 1719 by Shahu made the position hereditary in the Bhat family. Baji Rao proved his loyalty by controlling the feudal chieftains who wanted independence from the Maratha Empire. The rebellion of General Trimbak Rao Dabhade, the <i><a href="/wiki/Senapati" title="Senapati">senapati</a></i> (commander in chief), over <a href="/wiki/Chauth" title="Chauth">Chauthai</a> (revenue collection) of Gujarat is one example of such internal Maratha feuds. The followers of Baji and Trimbak clashed at the Battle of Bilhapur on 1 April 1731, and Trimbak was killed. In gratitude, Shahu gave the Peshwas and the Bhat family unchallenged control over Maratha empire.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who also appointed Baji Rao's son as Peshwa in 1740, gave considerable authority to the Peshwas to command the Maratha armies, and they responded well during his reigns. </p><p>At the time of his death in 1749, Shahu made the Peshwas his successors under these conditions: Shivaji's descendants, who remained as the titular Raja of <a href="/wiki/Satara_State" title="Satara State">Satara</a>, were called <i>Swami</i> (<a href="/wiki/Marathi_language" title="Marathi language">Marathi</a> for the 'real owner') by the Peshwas who reported to them, and officially they were to seek guidance from the Raja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lifestyle_and_Political_Stature">Lifestyle and Political Stature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lifestyle and Political Stature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earlier Peshwas had a modest lifestyle in comparison to their <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal </a> and <a href="/wiki/Nawab" title="Nawab">Nawabi</a> counterparts. There is a <a href="/wiki/Marathi_people" title="Marathi people">Marathi</a> legend about how Peshwa <a href="/wiki/Bajirao_I" title="Bajirao I">Bajirao I</a> would always utilize the same amenities as his troops, often going to the extent of sharing the same food and going without it for 2-3 days at a time if his army shared the same fate. However this fraternity was largely reduced after the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Resurrection" title="Maratha Resurrection">Maratha Resurrection</a> and gradual prosperity of the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Confederacy" title="Maratha Confederacy">Maratha Confederacy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contrary to belief, the Marathas were not fully commited to <a href="/wiki/Casteism" class="mw-redirect" title="Casteism">casteism</a> and discrimination, as the support of all groups was required for waging wars and appropriate taxation in the Confederacy.The only major involvement in matters of caste was by <a href="/wiki/Narayan_Rao" title="Narayan Rao">Narayan Rao</a> Peshwa, when he altered the disputed status of the <a href="/wiki/Prabhu_Communities" title="Prabhu Communities">Prabhus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Politically, during the early days of the Peshwa, their direct involvement in everyday life and stronger hold over the empire ensured that they formed the right alliances, especially with the new foreign powers. Gradually due to the confederate structure, this political wit was often influenced by the Maratha nobles, or by political advisors and ministers like <a href="/wiki/Nana_Fadnavis" title="Nana Fadnavis">Nana Fadnavis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The first Peshwa to receive the status of a pantpradhan was Ramchandra Pant Amatya Bawdekar in 1689 by Rajaram. The first (Bhat) Deshmukh family Peshwa was Balaji Vishwanath (Bhat) Deshmukh. He was succeeded as Peshwa by his son <a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Baji Rao I">Baji Rao I</a>, who never lost a battle. Baji Rao and his son, Balaji Baji Rao, oversaw the period of greatest<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maratha expansion, brought to an end by the Marathas' defeat by an <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghan</a> army at the <a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Panipat" title="Third Battle of Panipat">Third Battle of Panipat</a> in 1761. The last Peshwa, <a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II" title="Baji Rao II">Baji Rao II</a>, was defeated by the <a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">British East India Company</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khadki" title="Battle of Khadki">Battle of Khadki</a> which was a part of <a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Third Anglo-Maratha War">Third Anglo-Maratha War</a> (1817–1818). The Peshwa's land (Peshwai) was annexed to the <a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">British East India Company</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Bombay_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay state">Bombay province</a>, and Bajirao II, the Peshwa was pensioned off.</p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peshwa_Balaji_Vishwanath.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Balaji Vishwanath, the first Peshwa from the Bhat family, at Shrivardhan, Raigad district, Maharashtra, India."><img alt="Statue of Balaji Vishwanath, the first Peshwa from the Bhat family, at Shrivardhan, Raigad district, Maharashtra, India." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Peshwa_Balaji_Vishwanath.jpg/120px-Peshwa_Balaji_Vishwanath.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Peshwa_Balaji_Vishwanath.jpg/250px-Peshwa_Balaji_Vishwanath.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of <a href="/wiki/Balaji_Vishwanath" title="Balaji Vishwanath">Balaji Vishwanath</a>, the first Peshwa from the <a href="/wiki/Bhat_family" title="Bhat family">Bhat family</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Shrivardhan" title="Shrivardhan">Shrivardhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raigad_district" title="Raigad district">Raigad district</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bajirao_Peshwa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Bajirao I, the second Peshwa from the Bhat family, outside Shaniwar Wada, Pune, Maharashtra, India."><img alt="Statue of Bajirao I, the second Peshwa from the Bhat family, outside Shaniwar Wada, Pune, Maharashtra, India." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bajirao_Peshwa.jpg/120px-Bajirao_Peshwa.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bajirao_Peshwa.jpg/250px-Bajirao_Peshwa.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of <a href="/wiki/Bajirao_I" title="Bajirao I">Bajirao I</a>, the second Peshwa from the <a href="/wiki/Bhat_family" title="Bhat family">Bhat family</a>, outside <a href="/wiki/Shaniwar_Wada" title="Shaniwar Wada">Shaniwar Wada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pune" title="Pune">Pune</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shaniwarwada_gate.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Shaniwar Wada's Delhi Gate. It was the seat of the Peshwas at Pune, Maharashtra, India."><img alt="Shaniwar Wada's Delhi Gate. It was the seat of the Peshwas at Pune, Maharashtra, India." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Shaniwarwada_gate.JPG/120px-Shaniwarwada_gate.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Shaniwarwada_gate.JPG/180px-Shaniwarwada_gate.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Shaniwarwada_gate.JPG/240px-Shaniwarwada_gate.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1504" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shaniwar_Wada" title="Shaniwar Wada">Shaniwar Wada</a>'s Delhi Gate. It was the seat of the Peshwas at <a href="/wiki/Pune" title="Pune">Pune</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Peshwas">List of Peshwas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: List of Peshwas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Sr. </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Reign Began C.E. </th> <th>Reign Ended C.E. </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Moropant_Trimbak_Pingle" title="Moropant Trimbak Pingle">Moropant Trimbak Pingle</a> </td> <td>1674 </td> <td>1683 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Moreshvar_Pingale" title="Moreshvar Pingale">Nilakanth Moreshvar Pingale</a> </td> <td>1683 </td> <td>1689 </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Pant_Amatya" title="Ramchandra Pant Amatya">Ramchandra Pant Amatya</a> </td> <td>1689 </td> <td>1708 </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahiroji_Pingale" title="Bahiroji Pingale">Bahiroji Pingale</a> </td> <td>1708 </td> <td>1711 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Parshuram_Pant_Pratinidhi" title="Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi">Parshuram Trimbak Kulkarni</a> </td> <td>1711 </td> <td>1713 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hereditary_Peshwas_from_Bhat_family">Hereditary Peshwas from Bhat family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hereditary Peshwas from Bhat family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%;">Sr. </th> <th style="width:10%;">Name </th> <th style="width:60%;">Particulars </th> <th style="width:7%;">Reign Began C.E. </th> <th style="width:7%;">Reign Ended C.E. </th> <th style="width:10%;">Portrait </th></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Balaji_Vishwanath" title="Balaji Vishwanath">Balaji Vishwanath</a> (Sixth appointed Peshwa) </td> <td>Assisted the <a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayyid Brothers">Syed Brothers</a> in deposing the Mughal Emperor <a href="/wiki/Farrukhsiyar" title="Farrukhsiyar">Farrukhsiyar</a> in 1719 </td> <td align="center">1713 </td> <td align="center">1720 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:His_Highness_Balaji_Vishwanath_Peshwa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/His_Highness_Balaji_Vishwanath_Peshwa.jpg/120px-His_Highness_Balaji_Vishwanath_Peshwa.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/His_Highness_Balaji_Vishwanath_Peshwa.jpg/250px-His_Highness_Balaji_Vishwanath_Peshwa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bajirao" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajirao">Baji Rao I</a> (Seventh appointed Peshwa) </td> <td>Known as Thorle (elder) Bajirao and acknowledged as the most influential of the nine Peshwas. Said to have fought for the establishment of "Hindu Pad Padshahi"(Hindu Empire). Helped conquer Central India (<a href="/wiki/Malwa" title="Malwa">Malwa</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Rajputana" title="Rajputana">Rajputana</a> and extended his dominions into <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> in the northwest and Deccan in the south. Attacked Delhi in 1737. Fought in over 41 battles and is one of the few to have never lost a single battle. Died at the age of 40 of sudden fever in camp en route to Delhi; he has been commemorated in the form of an equestrian statue erected at <a href="/wiki/Shaniwar_Wada" title="Shaniwar Wada">Shaniwar Wada</a> in Pune. </td> <td align="center">1720 </td> <td align="center">1740 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peshwa_Baji_Rao_I_riding_horse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Peshwa_Baji_Rao_I_riding_horse.jpg/120px-Peshwa_Baji_Rao_I_riding_horse.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Peshwa_Baji_Rao_I_riding_horse.jpg/250px-Peshwa_Baji_Rao_I_riding_horse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>8 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanasaheb_Peshwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanasaheb Peshwa">Balaji Bajirao</a> (Eighth appointed Peshwa) </td> <td>Known as Nanasaheb Peshwa. Managed to extend the Maratha territories into most of North-West, East and Central India. Captured <a href="/wiki/Attock" title="Attock">Attock</a> on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a> in 1758 in the Battle of Attock. Under his leadership, the Maratha Empire reached its peak but his general and cousin lost the <a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Panipat" title="Third Battle of Panipat">Third Battle of Panipat</a> against Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1761. Contributed to the development of the city of Pune which was the seat of the Peshwas. Built the famous <a href="/wiki/Parvati_Temple,_Pune" class="mw-redirect" title="Parvati Temple, Pune">Parvati Temple</a>, Lakdi Pool and established Nana Peth (area) in Pune. Built a water reservoir near <a href="/wiki/Katraj" title="Katraj">Katraj</a> to provide clean water to Pune city; this 250-year-old system is still functioning. </td> <td align="center">1740 </td> <td align="center">1761 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Painting_at_Prince_of_Wales_museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Painting_at_Prince_of_Wales_museum.jpg/120px-Painting_at_Prince_of_Wales_museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Painting_at_Prince_of_Wales_museum.jpg/250px-Painting_at_Prince_of_Wales_museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1370" data-file-height="1673" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>9 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhavrao_I" title="Madhavrao I">Madhav-Rao I</a> (First hereditary Peshwa) </td> <td>Fraught with internal dissensions and successful Wars with the <a href="/wiki/Nizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam">Nizam</a>. During his tenure, Maratha power recovered from the losses suffered during the Third Battle of Panipat, a phenomenon known as <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Resurrection" title="Maratha Resurrection">Maratha Resurrection</a>. Repaired the recently weakened administration, treasury, and accounts of the Maratha Empire. He died of tuberculosis in 1772; a memorial commemorating his greatness stands at Peshwe Park in Pune. One of the theory says that he was assassinated by his aunt, Anandi Bai (wife of Raghunath Rao). </td> <td align="center">1761 </td> <td align="center">1772 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Madhavrao_I_Peshwa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Madhavrao_I_Peshwa.png/120px-Madhavrao_I_Peshwa.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Madhavrao_I_Peshwa.png/250px-Madhavrao_I_Peshwa.png 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="865" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>10 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Narayanrao_Peshwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Narayanrao Peshwa">Narayan-Rao</a> </td> <td>Assassinated by Gardi guards. Raghunath Rao was in favor of just kidnapping him but Anandi Bai (wife of Raghunath Rao) decided to kill him. Narayan Rao was assassinated in Shanivar Wada. Nowadays, it is considered one of the haunted place in Maharashtra. </td> <td align="center">1772 </td> <td align="center">1773 </td> <td align="center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Narayan_Rao.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Narayan_Rao.jpg/120px-Narayan_Rao.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Narayan_Rao.jpg/250px-Narayan_Rao.jpg 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="567" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>11 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Raghunathrao" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghunathrao">Raghunath-Rao</a> </td> <td>Responsible for extending the Maratha empire to the zenith in the North as a General and also saw the decline of Maratha power in North India. Deposed by <a href="/wiki/Nana_Phadnis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nana Phadnis">Nana Phadnis</a> and 11 other administrators in what is now called "The Barbhai Conspiracy". </td> <td align="center">1773 </td> <td align="center">1774 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ragonath_Row_Ballajee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Ragonath_Row_Ballajee.jpg/120px-Ragonath_Row_Ballajee.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Ragonath_Row_Ballajee.jpg/250px-Ragonath_Row_Ballajee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="712" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>12 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhavrao_II" title="Madhavrao II">Madhav-Rao II</a> </td> <td>Appointed Peshwa as an infant with a council of Maratha Generals and ministers as regents. Era dominated by the political intrigues of <a href="/wiki/Nana_Phadnis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nana Phadnis">Nana Phadnis</a>. Saw the resurgence of Maratha power in North India. </td> <td align="center">1774 </td> <td align="center">1796 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg/70px-Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg/105px-Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg/140px-Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="658" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>13 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II" title="Baji Rao II">Baji Rao II</a> </td> <td><i>1st Reign</i> – Was defeated by <a href="/wiki/Yashwantrao_Holkar" title="Yashwantrao Holkar">Yashwantrao Holkar</a>, ruler of <a href="/wiki/Indore" title="Indore">Indore</a>, at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Poona" title="Battle of Poona">Battle of Poona</a>. Fled to <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">British</a> protection, and in December 1802, concluded the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bassein_(1802)" title="Treaty of Bassein (1802)">Treaty of Bassein</a> with the <a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">British East India Company</a>, ceding territory for the maintenance of a subsidiary force and agreeing to treaty with no other power. This provoked the <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Second Anglo-Maratha War">Second Anglo-Maratha War</a> that began the breakup of the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_confederacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha confederacy">Maratha confederacy</a>. </td> <td align="center">1796 </td> <td align="center">1802 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baji_Rao_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baji_Rao_II.jpg/70px-Baji_Rao_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baji_Rao_II.jpg/105px-Baji_Rao_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baji_Rao_II.jpg/140px-Baji_Rao_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="279" data-file-height="413" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>– </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Amrut_Rao" title="Amrut Rao">Amrut Rao</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Appointed as Peshwa by <a href="/wiki/Yashwantrao_Holkar" title="Yashwantrao Holkar">Yashwantrao Holkar</a>) </td> <td>Appointed Peshwa by <a href="/wiki/Yashwantrao_Holkar" title="Yashwantrao Holkar">Yashwantrao Holkar</a> after defeating <a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II" title="Baji Rao II">Baji Rao II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Daulat_Rao_Sindhia" title="Daulat Rao Sindhia">Daulat Rao Sindhia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Poona" title="Battle of Poona">Battle of Poona</a>. </td> <td align="center">1802 </td> <td align="center">1803 </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>13 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II" title="Baji Rao II">Baji Rao II</a> </td> <td><i>2nd Reign</i> – During his second reign began the <a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Third Anglo-Maratha War">Third Anglo-Maratha War</a>. After the defeat at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Koregaon" title="Battle of Koregaon">Battle of Koregaon</a> in January 1818, he was on the run from the British. Eventually, the British took over his dominion and made the Maratha King Pratap Singh of Satara declare in favour of the British. This ended the Peshwa's legal position as head of the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_confederacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha confederacy">Maratha confederacy</a>. On 3 June 1818, Baji Rao surrendered to the British; he was banished to <a href="/wiki/Bithur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bithur">Bithur</a> near <a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a>. </td> <td align="center">1803 </td> <td align="center">1851 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baji_Rao_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baji_Rao_II.jpg/70px-Baji_Rao_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baji_Rao_II.jpg/105px-Baji_Rao_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baji_Rao_II.jpg/140px-Baji_Rao_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="279" data-file-height="413" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>14 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nana_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Nana Sahib">Nana Sahib</a><br />(Pretender to the position of Peshwa) </td> <td>Was a leader during the <a href="/wiki/Rebellion_of_1857" class="mw-redirect" title="Rebellion of 1857">Indian Uprising of 1857</a>. As the adopted son of the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II, he sought to restore the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_confederacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha confederacy">Maratha confederacy</a> and the Peshwa tradition. </td> <td align="center">1851 </td> <td align="center">1857 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peshwa_of_Kanpur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Peshwa_of_Kanpur.jpg/120px-Peshwa_of_Kanpur.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Peshwa_of_Kanpur.jpg/250px-Peshwa_of_Kanpur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_generals_and_diplomats">Notable generals and diplomats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable generals and diplomats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg/220px-Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg/330px-Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg/440px-Madhu_Rao_Narayan_the_Maratha_Peshwa_with_Nana_Fadnavis_and_attendants_Poona_1792_by_James_Wales.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="658" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Madhavrao_II" title="Madhavrao II">His Highness Shrimant Sawai Madhavrao Peshwa or Madhav Rao II Narayan</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">Prime minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Nana_Phadnavis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nana Phadnavis">Nana Phadnavis</a>, with two attendants at <a href="/wiki/Pune" title="Pune">Pune</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khando_Ballal" title="Khando Ballal">Khando Ballal Chitnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javji_Bamble" title="Javji Bamble">Javji Bamble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaji_Datto_Sachiv" title="Annaji Datto Sachiv">Annaji Datto Sachiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaji_Kunjar" title="Balaji Kunjar">Balaji Kunjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bapu_Gokhale" title="Bapu Gokhale">Bapu Gokhale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govind_Pant_Bundela" title="Govind Pant Bundela">Govind Pant Bundela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Khan_Gardi" title="Ibrahim Khan Gardi">Ibrahim Khan Gardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadaji_Shinde" title="Mahadaji Shinde">Mahadaji Shinde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malhar_Rao_Holkar" title="Malhar Rao Holkar">Malhar Rao Holkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Fadnavis" title="Nana Fadnavis">Nana Phadnawis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niranjan_Madhav" title="Niranjan Madhav">Niranjan Madhav Parasnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parshuram_Pant_Pratinidhi" title="Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi">Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakharam_Hari_Gupte" title="Sakharam Hari Gupte">Sakharam Hari Gupte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilaji_Rao_Gaekwad" title="Pilaji Rao Gaekwad">Pilaji Rao Gaekwad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranoji_Scindia" title="Ranoji Scindia">Ranoji Scindia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadashivrao_Bhau" title="Sadashivrao Bhau">Sadashivrao Bhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santaji_Ghorpade" title="Santaji Ghorpade">Santaji Ghorpade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamsher_Bahadur_I_(Krishna_Rao)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shamsher Bahadur I (Krishna Rao)">Shamsher Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visaji_Krushna_Biniwale" title="Visaji Krushna Biniwale">Visaji Krushna Biniwale</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kaustubh Kasture has written a book in marathi titled "Peshwai-Maharashtrachya Itihasatil Ek Suvarnapan" based on Peshwai.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Pramod Oak has written a book in marathi titled "Peshwe Gharanyacha Itihas" where he gave detailed information about Peshwas of Bhat family.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maratha_titles" title="Maratha titles">Maratha titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha_clan_system" title="Maratha clan system">Maratha clan system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maratha_dynasties_and_states" title="List of Maratha dynasties and states">List of Maratha dynasties and states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshawe_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="Peshawe Family">Peshawe Family</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(pronunciation: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Marathi" title="Help:IPA/Marathi">[pe(ː)ʃʋaː]</a>)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrasad200788-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrasad200788_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPrasad2007">Prasad 2007</a>, p. 88.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFPrasad2007 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVasant_S._Kadam1993" class="citation book cs1">Vasant S. Kadam (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ulFuAAAAMAAJ"><i>Maratha Confederacy: A Study in Its Origin and Development</i></a>. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788121505703" title="Special:BookSources/9788121505703"><bdi>9788121505703</bdi></a>. <q>Under Shivaji the Great, Sambhaji and Rajaram all the incumbents of the office of Peshwa were from the Deshastha (residing in the Desh area of Maharashtra) subcaste of the Brahmans.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maratha+Confederacy%3A+A+Study+in+Its+Origin+and+Development&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Munshiram+Manoharlal+Publishers&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9788121505703&rft.au=Vasant+S.+Kadam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DulFuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHassan1989" class="citation book cs1">Hassan, Syed Siraj ul (1989). <i>The Castes and Tribes of H.E.H. the <a href="/wiki/Nizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam">Nizam</a>'s Dominions</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>: <a href="/wiki/Asian_Educational_Services" title="Asian Educational Services">Asian Educational Services</a>. p. 333. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-206-0488-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-206-0488-9"><bdi>978-81-206-0488-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Castes+and+Tribes+of+H.E.H.+the+Nizam%27s+Dominions&rft.place=New+Delhi%2C+India&rft.pages=333&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-81-206-0488-9&rft.aulast=Hassan&rft.aufirst=Syed+Siraj+ul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">under Jahangir, M. Learning focus. Longman History & Civics ICSE 7, 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEaton2005" class="citation book cs1">Eaton, Richard Maxwell (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58431679"><i>A social history of the Deccan, 1300–1761 : eight Indian lives</i></a>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 185. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-25484-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-25484-1"><bdi>0-521-25484-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/58431679">58431679</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+social+history+of+the+Deccan%2C+1300%E2%80%931761+%3A+eight+Indian+lives&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pages=185&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F58431679&rft.isbn=0-521-25484-1&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Richard+Maxwell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F58431679&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKulkarni199647-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKulkarni199647_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKulkarni1996">Kulkarni 1996</a>, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshi1980112-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshi1980112_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJoshi1980">Joshi 1980</a>, p. 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSurendranath_Sen,_Surendra_Nath_Sen1993" class="citation book cs1">Surendranath Sen, Surendra Nath Sen (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VLEo_DUL9XgC&pg=PA42"><i>Studies in Indian History: Historical Records at Goa</i></a>. Asian Educational Services. p. 42. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788120607736" title="Special:BookSources/9788120607736"><bdi>9788120607736</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Indian+History%3A+Historical+Records+at+Goa&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9788120607736&rft.au=Surendranath+Sen%2C+Surendra+Nath+Sen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVLEo_DUL9XgC%26pg%3DPA42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, Micropædia Vol. II, p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://sahyadribooks.com/bajirao-i-an-outstanding-cavalry-general/">https://sahyadribooks.com/bajirao-i-an-outstanding-cavalry-general/</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalsokar" class="citation book cs1">Palsokar, Col. R. D. <i>Bajirao-I An Outstanding Cavalry General</i>. Sahyadri Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bajirao-I+An+Outstanding+Cavalry+General&rft.pub=Sahyadri+Books&rft.aulast=Palsokar&rft.aufirst=Col.+R.+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChaudhary2023" class="citation book cs1">Chaudhary, Ankur (6 November 2023). <i>Assassination of the Peshwa: A true story of the murder that shook the Maratha empire ǀ A thrilling historical account</i> (1st ed.). New Delhi: Sristhi Publishers & Distributors. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789395192415" title="Special:BookSources/9789395192415"><bdi>9789395192415</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assassination+of+the+Peshwa%3A+A+true+story+of+the+murder+that+shook+the+Maratha+empire+%C7%80+A+thrilling+historical+account&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Sristhi+Publishers+%26+Distributors&rft.date=2023-11-06&rft.isbn=9789395192415&rft.aulast=Chaudhary&rft.aufirst=Ankur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date and year (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_date_and_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: date and year">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://akshardhara.com/products/9105-nana-fadnavis-yanche-charitra?srsltid=AfmBOoodKdgV5TIOgwruoeDxre-cs3tm-w4gkuACHLMeHBUQo-waW-IH">https://akshardhara.com/products/9105-nana-fadnavis-yanche-charitra?srsltid=AfmBOoodKdgV5TIOgwruoeDxre-cs3tm-w4gkuACHLMeHBUQo-waW-IH</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKhare1892" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Khare, V.V. (1892). <i>Nana Fadnavis Yanche Charitra (नाना फडनवीस यांचे चरित्र)</i> (in Marathi) (1st ed.). Pune: Varada Prakashan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nana+Fadnavis+Yanche+Charitra+%28%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8+%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%29&rft.place=Pune&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Varada+Prakashan&rft.date=1892&rft.aulast=Khare&rft.aufirst=V.V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shirgaonkar, Varsha S. "Peshwyanche Vilasi Jeevan" (Luxurious Life of Peshwas). Continental Prakashan, Pune (2012). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8174210636" title="Special:BookSources/8174210636">8174210636</a>. In Marathi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wg Cdr (Retd.) Dr. M. S. Narawane, Battles of the Honourable East India Company. p. 65</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jadunath Sarkar, Fall of the Mughal Empire:1789–1803. p. 179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/29345449-peshwai">"पेशवाई [Peshwai]"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88+%26%2391%3BPeshwai%26%2393%3B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fbook%2Fshow%2F29345449-peshwai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://continentalprakashan.com/index.php?id_product=1597&controller=product&id_lang=1&search_query=Pramod+oak&results=7">"Peshve Gharanyacha Itihas"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peshve+Gharanyacha+Itihas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontinentalprakashan.com%2Findex.php%3Fid_product%3D1597%26controller%3Dproduct%26id_lang%3D1%26search_query%3DPramod%2Boak%26results%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKulkarni1996" class="citation book cs1">Kulkarni, A.R (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kyBuAAAAMAAJ"><i>Marathas and the Marathas Country: The Marathas</i></a>. Books & Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788185016504" title="Special:BookSources/9788185016504"><bdi>9788185016504</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marathas+and+the+Marathas+Country%3A+The+Marathas&rft.pub=Books+%26+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9788185016504&rft.aulast=Kulkarni&rft.aufirst=A.R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkyBuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJoshi1980" class="citation book cs1">Joshi, Pandit Shankar (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9ngBAAAAMAAJ"><i>Chhatrapati Sambhaji, 1657–1689 A.D</i></a>. s.chand.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chhatrapati+Sambhaji%2C+1657%E2%80%931689+A.D&rft.pub=s.chand&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Joshi&rft.aufirst=Pandit+Shankar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9ngBAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeshwa" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maratha_Confederacy" title="Template:Maratha Confederacy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maratha_Confederacy" title="Template talk:Maratha Confederacy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maratha_Confederacy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maratha Confederacy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="30x27px&#124;link=Bhagwa_Dhwaj_Maratha_Confederacy292" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bhagwa_Dhwaj" title="Bhagwa Dhwaj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Maratha_Empire.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="280" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Confederacy" title="Maratha Confederacy">Maratha Confederacy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chhatrapati" title="Chhatrapati">Chhatrapatis</a> (Kings)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shivaji" title="Shivaji">Shivaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambhaji" title="Sambhaji">Sambhaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajaram_I" title="Rajaram I">Rajaram I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarabai" title="Tarabai">Tarabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahu_I" title="Shahu I">Shahu I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajaram_II_of_Satara" title="Rajaram II of Satara">Rajaram II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahu_II_of_Satara" title="Shahu II of Satara">Shahu II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratap_Singh,_Raja_of_Satara" class="mw-redirect" title="Pratap Singh, Raja of Satara">Pratap Singh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peshwas</a> (Prime ministers)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moropant_Trimbak_Pingle" title="Moropant Trimbak Pingle">Moropant Trimbak Pingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreshvar_Pingale" title="Moreshvar Pingale">Moreshvar Pingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Pant_Amatya" title="Ramchandra Pant Amatya">Ramchandra Pant Amatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahiroji_Pingale" title="Bahiroji Pingale">Bahiroji Pingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaji_Vishwanath" title="Balaji Vishwanath">Balaji Vishwanath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Baji Rao I">Baji Rao I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaji_Baji_Rao" title="Balaji Baji Rao">Balaji Baji Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhavrao_I" title="Madhavrao I">Madhavrao Ballal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayan_Rao" title="Narayan Rao">Narayan Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunathrao" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghunathrao">Raghunathrao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhavrao_II" title="Madhavrao II">Sawai Madhavrao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baji_Rao_II" title="Baji Rao II">Baji Rao II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrut_Rao" title="Amrut Rao">Amrut Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Nana Sahib">Nana Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhat_family" title="Bhat family">Bhat family</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amatya" title="Amatya">Amatya</a> & <a href="/wiki/Pratinidhi" title="Pratinidhi">Pratinidhi</a> (Councilors and viceroys)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Pant_Amatya" title="Ramchandra Pant Amatya">Ramchandra Pant Amatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pralhad_Niraji" title="Pralhad Niraji">Pralhad Niraji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parshuram_Pant_Pratinidhi" title="Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi">Parshuram Pant Pratinidhi</a> (<i>hereditary</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shripatrao_Pant_Pratinidhi" title="Shripatrao Pant Pratinidhi">Shripatrao Pant Pratinidhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagjivanrao_Pant_Pratinidhi" title="Jagjivanrao Pant Pratinidhi">Jagjivanrao Pant Pratinidhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Women</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahilyabai_Holkar" title="Ahilyabai Holkar">Ahilyabai Holkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandibai" title="Anandibai">Anandibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopikabai" title="Gopikabai">Gopikabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jankibai" title="Jankibai">Jankibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jijabai" title="Jijabai">Jijabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashibai" title="Kashibai">Kashibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmibai" title="Lakshmibai">Lakshmibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastani" title="Mastani">Mastani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvatibai" title="Parvatibai">Parvatibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putalabai" title="Putalabai">Putalabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramabai_Peshwa" title="Ramabai Peshwa">Ramabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sai_Bhosale" class="mw-redirect" title="Sai Bhosale">Saibai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakvarbai" title="Sakvarbai">Sakvarbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyarabai" title="Soyarabai">Soyarabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umabai_Dabhade" title="Umabai Dabhade">Umabai Dabhade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baka_Bai" title="Baka Bai">Baka Bai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_Bai_Holkar" title="Tulsi Bai Holkar">Tulsi Bai Holkar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maratha Confederacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhonsle" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhonsle">Bhonsle of Nagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaekwad_dynasty" title="Gaekwad dynasty">Gaekwad of Baroda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scindia" class="mw-redirect" title="Scindia">Scindia of Gwalior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Holkar" title="House of Holkar">Holkar of Indore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patwardhan_dynasty" title="Patwardhan dynasty">Patwardhan dynasty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battles_involving_the_Maratha_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Battles involving the Maratha Empire">Battles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pratapgarh" title="Battle of Pratapgarh">Pratapgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kolhapur" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kolhapur">Kolhapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pavan_Khind" title="Battle of Pavan Khind">Pavan Khind</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Umberkhind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Umberkhind (page does not exist)">Umberkhind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chakan" title="Battle of Chakan">Chakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Surat" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Surat">Surat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Purandar" title="Battle of Purandar">Purandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sinhagad" title="Battle of Sinhagad">Sinhagad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salher" title="Battle of Salher">Salher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kalyan" title="Battle of Kalyan">Kalyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bhupalgarh" title="Battle of Bhupalgarh">Bhupalgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bijapur" title="Siege of Bijapur">Bijapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raigarh_(1689)" title="Battle of Raigarh (1689)">Raigarh (1689)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jinji" title="Siege of Jinji">Jinji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Satara" title="Battle of Satara">Satara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khelna" title="Battle of Khelna">Khelna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raigarh_(1703-1704)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Raigarh (1703-1704)">Raigarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Torna" title="Battle of Torna">Torna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Palkhed" title="Battle of Palkhed">Palkhed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Malwa">Malwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mandsaur" title="Battle of Mandsaur">Mandsaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bhopal" title="Battle of Bhopal">Bhopal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vasai" title="Battle of Vasai">Vasai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trichinopoly_(1741)" title="Siege of Trichinopoly (1741)">1st Trichinopoly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Katwa" class="mw-redirect" title="First Battle of Katwa">Katwa (1st)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trichinopoly_(1743)" title="Siege of Trichinopoly (1743)">2nd Trichinopoly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Katwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Katwa">Katwa (2nd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha_invasions_of_Bengal" title="Maratha invasions of Bengal">Invasions of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Burdwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Burdwan">Burdwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Narela" title="Battle of Narela">Narela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delhi_(1757)" title="Battle of Delhi (1757)">2nd Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha_conquest_of_North-west_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha conquest of North-west India">North-west India</a></li> <li>Peshawar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Panipat" title="Third Battle of Panipat">3rd Panipat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alegaon" title="Battle of Alegaon">Alegaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rakshasbhuvan" title="Battle of Rakshasbhuvan">Rakshasbhuvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Delhi,_1771" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Delhi, 1771">Capture of Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pachgaon" title="Battle of Pachgaon">Pachgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saunshi" title="Battle of Saunshi">Saunshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wadgaon" title="Battle of Wadgaon">Wadgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Adoni" title="Siege of Adoni">Adoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Badami" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Badami">Badami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Savanur" title="Battle of Savanur">Savanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajendragad" title="Gajendragad">Gajendragad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bahadur_Benda" title="Siege of Bahadur Benda">Bahadur Benda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lalsot" title="Battle of Lalsot">Lalsot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chaksana" title="Battle of Chaksana">Chaksana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Patan" title="Battle of Patan">Patan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kharda" title="Battle of Kharda">Kharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Poona" title="Battle of Poona">Poona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delhi_(1803)" title="Battle of Delhi (1803)">3rd Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Assaye" title="Battle of Assaye">Assaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Laswari" title="Battle of Laswari">Laswari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Farrukhabad" title="Battle of Farrukhabad">Farrukhabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bharatpur_(1805)" title="Siege of Bharatpur (1805)">Bharatpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khadki" title="Battle of Khadki">Khadki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Koregaon" title="Battle of Koregaon">Koregaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mahidpur" title="Battle of Mahidpur">Mahidpur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maratha-Mughal_War_of_27_years" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha-Mughal War of 27 years">Maratha-Mughal War of 27 years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha%E2%80%93Mysore_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha–Mysore War">Maratha–Mysore War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="First Anglo-Maratha War">First Anglo-Maratha War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Second Anglo-Maratha War">Second Anglo-Maratha War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Third Anglo-Maratha War">Third Anglo-Maratha War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adversaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bijapur" title="Sultanate of Bijapur">Adil Shahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Golconda" title="Sultanate of Golconda">Qutb Shahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizam_of_Hyderabad" title="Nizam of Hyderabad">Nizam of Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rohilkhand" title="Kingdom of Rohilkhand">Kingdom of Rohilkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Mysore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mangad_Fort" title="Mangad Fort">Mangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhala_Fort" title="Panhala Fort">Panhala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratapgad" title="Pratapgad">Pratapgad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandar_Fort" title="Purandar Fort"> Purandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raigad_Fort" title="Raigad Fort">Raigad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajgad_Fort" title="Rajgad Fort">Rajgad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaniwar_Wada" title="Shaniwar Wada">Shaniwar Wada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivneri_Fort" title="Shivneri Fort">Shivneri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhudurg_Fort" title="Sindhudurg Fort">Sindhudurg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajgad_Fort" title="Rajgad Fort">Rajgad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torna_Fort" title="Torna Fort">Torna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shivrai" title="Shivrai">Shivrai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&oldid=1284125625">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peshwa&oldid=1284125625</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peshwa_dynasty" title="Category:Peshwa dynasty">Peshwa dynasty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_dynasties" title="Category:Hindu dynasties">Hindu dynasties</a></li><li><a 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