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Methanopyrus - Wikipedia

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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Genus of archaea</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(195,245,250)"><i>Methanopyrus</i> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(195,245,250)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Methanopyrus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Methanopyri" title="Methanopyri">Methanopyri</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Methanopyrales</a><br /><small>Huber and Stetter, 2002</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Methanopyraceae</a><br /><small>Huber and Stetter, 2002</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Methanopyrus</i></a><br /><small>Kurr et al., 1992</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>M.&#160;kandleri</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(195,245,250)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Kurr et al., 1992</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Methanopyrus</b></i> is a genus of <a href="/wiki/Methanogen" title="Methanogen">methanogen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> with a single described species, <i><b>Methanopyrus kandleri</b></i>. It is a rod-shaped <a href="/wiki/Hyperthermophile" title="Hyperthermophile">hyperthermophile</a>, discovered on the wall of a <a href="/wiki/Black_smoker" class="mw-redirect" title="Black smoker">black smoker</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</a> at a depth of 2,000&#160;m, at temperatures of 84–110&#160;°C. Strain 116 was discovered in black smoker fluid of the Kairei hydrothermal field; it can survive and reproduce at 122&#160;°C.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i>M. kandleri</i> also requires a high ionic concentration (&gt;1 <a href="/wiki/Molar_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Molar (unit)">M</a>) in order for growth and cellular activity.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Due to the species' high resilience and extreme environment, <i>M. kandleri</i> is also classified as an <a href="/wiki/Extremophile" title="Extremophile">extremophile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It lives in a <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a> rich environment, and like other methanogens reduces the latter to <a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a>. It is placed among the <a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a>, in its own class. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Microbiological_characteristics">Microbiological characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Microbiological characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morphology">Morphology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Morphology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i> is a rod-shaped <a href="/wiki/Methanogen" title="Methanogen">methanogen</a> with an approximate length of 2–14&#160;μm and diameter of 0.5&#160;μm.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The cellular membrane of <i>M. kandleri</i> is unique as it consists of <a href="/wiki/Terpenoid" title="Terpenoid">terpenoid</a> lipids, believed to be one of the most primitive lipids and a predecessor to <a href="/wiki/Phytane" title="Phytane">phytanyl</a> di-<a href="/wiki/Ether" title="Ether">ethers</a> found in later archaea.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Terpenoid lipids are a group of lipids containing <a href="/wiki/Cholesterol" title="Cholesterol">cholesterol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hopanoids" title="Hopanoids">hopanoids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carotenoid" title="Carotenoid">carotenoid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phytane" title="Phytane">phytane</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Biphytane" title="Biphytane">bisphytane</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Although terpenoids are the main component of the membrane in <i>M. kandleri</i>, they are more of a supporting structure in <a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">eukaryote</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacteria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i>M. kandleri</i> is motile via polar flagella tufts.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i> has a high concentration of cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This compound is often found in <a href="/wiki/Hyperthermophile" title="Hyperthermophile">hyperthermophiles</a>, helping to prevent <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> <a href="/wiki/Denaturation_(biochemistry)#Protein_denaturation" title="Denaturation (biochemistry)">denaturation</a> in high temperatures.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The increased concentration of cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate protects the methanogen, helping it survive in an environment that many other organisms could not. Beyond this compound to help protect the proteins, <i>M. kandleri</i> also has a high salt concentration inside its membrane.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This increased concentration of salt helps with <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzyme</a> stability and promotes activity of the enzymes at higher temperatures.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metabolism">Metabolism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Metabolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a methanogen, <i>M. kandleri</i> utilizes hydrogen as an electron source and reduces carbon dioxide from the environment into methane, a process known as <a href="/wiki/Methanogenesis" title="Methanogenesis">methanogenesis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i>M. kandleri</i> is a chemolithoautotrophic, obligate <a href="/wiki/Anaerobic_organism" title="Anaerobic organism">anaerobe</a> and does not use oxygen as a final electron acceptor.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cultures of <i>M. kandleri</i> have been isolated from various submarine hydrothermal vents from locations in the Gulf of California, Central Indian Ridge, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and Iceland.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The species was first discovered on the wall of a <a href="/wiki/Black_smoker" class="mw-redirect" title="Black smoker">black smoker</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</a> at a depth of 2,000 m, at temperatures of 84–110&#160;°C. <i>M. kandleri</i> can survive up to temperatures of 122&#160;°C, although optimal growth has been determined to be at 98&#160;°C.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> High internal ionic cell concentrations (&gt;1 M) are required for cell growth and activity.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Due to the extremity of environment that <i>M. kandleri</i> resides in, it is hypothesized that further phylogenetic isolation has occurred due to the exclusivity of the species niche.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genomic_properties">Genomic properties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Genomic properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The complete genome of <i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i> was sequenced by researchers at Fidelity Systems. It was determined to be a GC-rich genome containing 1,694,969 <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotides</a> of which about 62.1% is <a href="/wiki/Guanine" title="Guanine">guanine</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cytosine" title="Cytosine">cytosine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The single circular chromosome possesses 1,691 protein-coding genes and 39 RNA genes.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The species also possesses a large number of orphan genes, possibly through viral gene transfer.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future_research">Future research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Future research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i> is also the only species known to have topoisomerase V. Topoisomerase V allows for <i>M. kandleri</i> to survive in such high temperatures and helps to relax both positively and negatively <a href="/wiki/DNA_supercoil" title="DNA supercoil">supercoiled DNA</a> .<sup id="cite_ref-:5_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Topoisomerase V is a unique enzyme because it possesses both topoisomerase and DNA repair activities, specifically multiple DNA repair sites that can act independently of each other even if there is damage to one of the sites on the DNA.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Although topoisomerase V is useful in this case, finding other hyperthermophiles that have topoisomerase V has proven difficult. This lack of topoisomerase V in other archaeon has led researchers to believe that the origin of the enzyme in <i>M. kandleri</i> is a result of viral gene transfer and the unusual amount of orphan genes in the species provides evidence for this theory.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Additionally, the evolved cellular responses in <i>M. kandleri</i> due to its extreme environment has been another subject of research, as scientists look to apply the resilient enzymatic processes for industrial purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Archaea_genera" title="List of Archaea genera">List of Archaea genera</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&amp;id=2319">webpage on Methanopyrus</a>. Data extracted from the <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/">"NCBI taxonomy resources"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">National Center for Biotechnology Information</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=NCBI+taxonomy+resources&amp;rft.pub=National+Center+for+Biotechnology+Information&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftp.ncbi.nih.gov%2Fpub%2Ftaxonomy%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakaiNakamuraTokiTsunogai2008" class="citation journal cs1">Takai K, Nakamura K, Toki T, Tsunogai U, Miyazaki M, Miyazaki J, et&#160;al. (August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2490668">"Cell proliferation at 122 degrees C and isotopically heavy CH4 production by a hyperthermophilic methanogen under high-pressure cultivation"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. <b>105</b> (31): 10949–54. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PNAS..10510949T">2008PNAS..10510949T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0712334105">10.1073/pnas.0712334105</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a>&#160;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2490668">2490668</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18664583">18664583</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&amp;rft.atitle=Cell+proliferation+at+122+degrees+C+and+isotopically+heavy+CH4+production+by+a+hyperthermophilic+methanogen+under+high-pressure+cultivation&amp;rft.volume=105&amp;rft.issue=31&amp;rft.pages=10949-54&amp;rft.date=2008-08&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2490668%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18664583&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.0712334105&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008PNAS..10510949T&amp;rft.aulast=Takai&amp;rft.aufirst=K&amp;rft.au=Nakamura%2C+K&amp;rft.au=Toki%2C+T&amp;rft.au=Tsunogai%2C+U&amp;rft.au=Miyazaki%2C+M&amp;rft.au=Miyazaki%2C+J&amp;rft.au=Hirayama%2C+H&amp;rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+S&amp;rft.au=Nunoura%2C+T&amp;rft.au=Horikoshi%2C+K&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2490668&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlesarevMezhevayaMakarovaPolushin2002" class="citation journal cs1">Slesarev AI, Mezhevaya KV, Makarova KS, Polushin NN, Shcherbinina OV, Shakhova VV, et&#160;al. (April 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC123701">"The complete genome of hyperthermophile <i>Methanopyrus kandleri AV19</i> and monophyly of archaeal methanogens"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. <b>99</b> (7): 4644–9. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002PNAS...99.4644S">2002PNAS...99.4644S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.032671499">10.1073/pnas.032671499</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a>&#160;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014OLEB...44..197N">2014OLEB...44..197N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11084-014-9365-6">10.1007/s11084-014-9365-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a>&#160;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4669544">4669544</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25351682">25351682</a>.</cite><span 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class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOren2014" class="citation cs2">Oren, Aharon (2014), Rosenberg, Eugene; DeLong, Edward F.; Lory, Stephen; Stackebrandt, Erko (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-642-38954-2_328">"The Family Methanopyraceae"</a>, <i>The Prokaryotes</i>, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp.&#160;247–252, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-642-38954-2_328">10.1007/978-3-642-38954-2_328</a>, <a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.ebi.ac.uk&amp;rft.atitle=InterPro&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%2Finterpro%2Fentry%2FInterPro%2FIPR016557%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreitungBörnerScholzLinder1992" class="citation journal cs1">Breitung J, Börner G, Scholz S, Linder D, Stetter KO, Thauer RK (December 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1432-1033.1992.tb17502.x">"Salt dependence, kinetic properties and catalytic mechanism of N-formylmethanofuran:tetrahydromethanopterin formyltransferase from the extreme thermophile <i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i>"</a>. <i>European Journal of Biochemistry</i>. <b>210</b> (3): 971–81. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1432-1033.1992.tb17502.x">10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17502.x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1483480">1483480</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Biochemistry&amp;rft.atitle=Salt+dependence%2C+kinetic+properties+and+catalytic+mechanism+of+N-formylmethanofuran%3Atetrahydromethanopterin+formyltransferase+from+the+extreme+thermophile+Methanopyrus+kandleri&amp;rft.volume=210&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=971-81&amp;rft.date=1992-12&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1432-1033.1992.tb17502.x&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1483480&amp;rft.aulast=Breitung&amp;rft.aufirst=J&amp;rft.au=B%C3%B6rner%2C+G&amp;rft.au=Scholz%2C+S&amp;rft.au=Linder%2C+D&amp;rft.au=Stetter%2C+KO&amp;rft.au=Thauer%2C+RK&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1432-1033.1992.tb17502.x&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForterre2006" class="citation journal cs1">Forterre, Patrick (June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2006.04.006">"DNA topoisomerase V: a new fold of mysterious origin"</a>. <i>Trends in Biotechnology</i>. <b>24</b> (6): 245–247. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2006.04.006">10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.04.006</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16650908">16650908</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&amp;rft.atitle=DNA+topoisomerase+V%3A+a+new+fold+of+mysterious+origin&amp;rft.volume=24&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.pages=245-247&amp;rft.date=2006-06&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2006.04.006&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16650908&amp;rft.aulast=Forterre&amp;rft.aufirst=Patrick&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.tibtech.2006.04.006&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRajanOstermanMondragón2016" class="citation journal cs1">Rajan, Rakhi; Osterman, Amy; Mondragón, Alfonso (2016-04-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw122">"<i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i> topoisomerase V contains three distinct AP lyase active sites in addition to the topoisomerase active site"</a>. <i>Nucleic Acids Research</i>. <b>44</b> (7): 3464–3474. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkw122">10.1093/nar/gkw122</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-1048">0305-1048</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a>&#160;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4838376">4838376</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26908655">26908655</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&amp;rft.atitle=Methanopyrus+kandleri+topoisomerase+V+contains+three+distinct+AP+lyase+active+sites+in+addition+to+the+topoisomerase+active+site&amp;rft.volume=44&amp;rft.issue=7&amp;rft.pages=3464-3474&amp;rft.date=2016-04-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4838376%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft.issn=0305-1048&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26908655&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkw122&amp;rft.aulast=Rajan&amp;rft.aufirst=Rakhi&amp;rft.au=Osterman%2C+Amy&amp;rft.au=Mondrag%C3%B3n%2C+Alfonso&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkw122&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchacherlWalterspergerBaumann2013" class="citation journal cs1">Schacherl M, Waltersperger S, Baumann U (December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/psi/islandora/object/psi%3A10163">"Structural characterization of the ribonuclease H-like type ASKHA superfamily kinase MK0840 from Methanopyrus kandleri"</a>. <i>Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography</i>. <b>69</b> (Pt 12): 2440–50. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1107%2FS0907444913022683">10.1107/S0907444913022683</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24311585">24311585</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Acta+Crystallographica.+Section+D%2C+Biological+Crystallography&amp;rft.atitle=Structural+characterization+of+the+ribonuclease+H-like+type+ASKHA+superfamily+kinase+MK0840+from+Methanopyrus+kandleri&amp;rft.volume=69&amp;rft.issue=Pt+12&amp;rft.pages=2440-50&amp;rft.date=2013-12&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1107%2FS0907444913022683&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24311585&amp;rft.aulast=Schacherl&amp;rft.aufirst=M&amp;rft.au=Waltersperger%2C+S&amp;rft.au=Baumann%2C+U&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dora.lib4ri.ch%2Fpsi%2Fislandora%2Fobject%2Fpsi%253A10163&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuTrippRandau2013" class="citation journal cs1">Su AA, Tripp V, Randau L (July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3695527">"RNA-Seq analyses reveal the order of tRNA processing events and the maturation of C/D box and CRISPR RNAs in the hyperthermophile Methanopyrus kandleri"</a>. <i>Nucleic Acids Research</i>. <b>41</b> (12). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>: 6250–8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkt317">10.1093/nar/gkt317</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a>&#160;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3695527">3695527</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23620296">23620296</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&amp;rft.atitle=RNA-Seq+analyses+reveal+the+order+of+tRNA+processing+events+and+the+maturation+of+C%2FD+box+and+CRISPR+RNAs+in+the+hyperthermophile+Methanopyrus+kandleri&amp;rft.volume=41&amp;rft.issue=12&amp;rft.pages=6250-8&amp;rft.date=2013-07&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3695527%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23620296&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkt317&amp;rft.aulast=Su&amp;rft.aufirst=AA&amp;rft.au=Tripp%2C+V&amp;rft.au=Randau%2C+L&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3695527&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurrHuberKönigJannasch1991" class="citation journal cs1">Kurr M, Huber R, König H, Jannasch HW, Fricke H, Trincone A, Kristjansson JK, Stetter KO (September 1991). "Methanopyrus kandleri, gen. and sp. nov. represents a novel group of hyperthermophilic methanogens, growing at 110°C". <i>Archives of Microbiology</i>. <b>156</b> (4): 239–247. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991ArMic.156..239K">1991ArMic.156..239K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00262992">10.1007/BF00262992</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20254769">20254769</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Microbiology&amp;rft.atitle=Methanopyrus+kandleri%2C+gen.+and+sp.+nov.+represents+a+novel+group+of+hyperthermophilic+methanogens%2C+growing+at+110%C2%B0C&amp;rft.volume=156&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=239-247&amp;rft.date=1991-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20254769%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00262992&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1991ArMic.156..239K&amp;rft.aulast=Kurr&amp;rft.aufirst=M&amp;rft.au=Huber%2C+R&amp;rft.au=K%C3%B6nig%2C+H&amp;rft.au=Jannasch%2C+HW&amp;rft.au=Fricke%2C+H&amp;rft.au=Trincone%2C+A&amp;rft.au=Kristjansson%2C+JK&amp;rft.au=Stetter%2C+KO&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuber_RStetter_KO2001" class="citation book cs1">Huber R; Stetter KO (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169">"Family I. Methanopyralceae fam. nov."</a></span>. In DR Boone; RW Castenholz (eds.). <i>Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria</i> (2nd&#160;ed.). New York: <a href="/wiki/Springer_Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer Verlag">Springer Verlag</a>. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169">169</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98771-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98771-2"><bdi>978-0-387-98771-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Family+I.+Methanopyralceae+fam.+nov.&amp;rft.btitle=Bergey%27s+Manual+of+Systematic+Bacteriology+Volume+1%3A+The+Archaea+and+the+deeply+branching+and+phototrophic+Bacteria&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=169&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=Springer+Verlag&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-387-98771-2&amp;rft.au=Huber+R&amp;rft.au=Stetter+KO&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbergeysmanualofs00boon%2Fpage%2F169&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMethanopyrus" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanopyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bacdive.dsmz.de/index.php?search=7044&amp;submit=Search">Type strain of <i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i> at Bac<i>Dive</i> - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prokaryotes:_Archaea_classification" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#F3E0E0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Archaea_classification" title="Template:Archaea classification"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Archaea_classification" title="Template talk:Archaea classification"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Archaea_classification" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Archaea classification"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prokaryotes:_Archaea_classification" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prokaryote" title="Prokaryote">Prokaryotes</a>: <a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> classification</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Domain_(biology)" title="Domain (biology)">Domain</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Archaea_classification" title="Template:Archaea classification">Archaea</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Bacteria_classification" title="Template:Bacteria classification">Bacteria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Eukaryota" title="Template:Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">(major groups</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Excavata" title="Template:Excavata">Excavata</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Diaphoretickes" title="Diaphoretickes">Diaphoretickes</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hacrobia" title="Template:Hacrobia">Hacrobia</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cryptista" title="Template:Cryptista">Cryptista</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Rhizaria" title="Template:Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Alveolata" title="Template:Alveolata">Alveolata</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Stramenopile" title="Template:Stramenopile">Stramenopiles</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Plant_classification" title="Template:Plant classification">Plants</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Amorphea" title="Amorphea">Amorphea</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Amoebozoa" title="Template:Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Opisthokont_protists" title="Template:Opisthokont protists">Opisthokonta</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Animalia" title="Template:Animalia">Animals</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Fungi_classification" title="Template:Fungi classification">Fungi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mesomycetozoea" title="Template:Mesomycetozoea">Mesomycetozoea</a>)</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hadesarchaea" title="Hadesarchaea">Hadesarchaea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Hadarchaeia" <ul><li>"Hadarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Persephonarchaeia"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"Hydrothermarchaeota"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Hydrothermarchaeia" <ul><li>"Hydrothermarchaeles"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"Methanobacteriota"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanobacteria" title="Methanobacteria">Methanobacteria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanobacteriales" title="Methanobacteriales">Methanobacteriales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanococci" title="Methanococci">Methanococci</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanococcales" title="Methanococcales">Methanococcales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanopyri" title="Methanopyri">Methanopyri</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Methanopyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li>"Theionarchaeia"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermococci" title="Thermococci">Thermococci</a> <ul><li>"Methanofastidiosales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermococcales" title="Thermococcales">Thermococcales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Halobacteriota&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Halobacteriota (page does not exist)">Halobacteriota</a>"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoglobi" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeoglobi">Archaeoglobia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoglobales" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeoglobales">Archaeoglobales</a></li> <li>"Mnemosynellales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halobacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Halobacteria">Halobacteria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halobacteriales" title="Halobacteriales">Halobacteriales</a></li></ul></li> <li>"Hikarchaeia" <ul><li>"Hikarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Methanocellia" <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanocellales" class="mw-redirect" title="Methanocellales">Methanocellales</a></li></ul></li> <li>"Methanoliparia" <ul><li>"Methanoliparales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanomicrobia" title="Methanomicrobia">Methanomicrobia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanomicrobiales" title="Methanomicrobiales">Methanomicrobiales</a></li></ul></li> <li>Methanonatronarchaeia <ul><li>Methanonatronarchaeales</li></ul></li> <li>Methanosarcinia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanosarcinales" title="Methanosarcinales">Methanosarcinales</a></li> <li>Methanotrichales</li></ul></li> <li>"Syntropharchaeia" <ul><li>"Methanophagales"</li> <li>"Syntropharchaeales"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermoplasmatota&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thermoplasmatota (page does not exist)">Thermoplasmatota</a>"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Izemarchaea" <ul><li>"Thermoprofundales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Poseidoniia" <ul><li>"Poseidoniales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoplasmata" title="Thermoplasmata">Thermoplasmata</a> <ul><li>"Aciduliprofundales"</li> <li>"Gimiplasmatales"</li> <li>"Lunaplasmatales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanomassiliicoccales" class="mw-redirect" title="Methanomassiliicoccales">Methanomassiliicoccales</a></li> <li>"Natronoplasmatales"</li> <li>"Sysuiplasmatales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoplasmatales" title="Thermoplasmatales">Thermoplasmatales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DPANN" title="DPANN">DPANN</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Aenigmarchaeota" class="mw-redirect" title="Aenigmarchaeota">Aenigmatarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Aenigmatarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"Altarchaeota" <ul><li>"Altarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Diapherotrites" class="mw-redirect" title="Diapherotrites">Iainarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Iainarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"Huberarchaeota" <ul><li>"Huberarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Micrarchaeota" class="mw-redirect" title="Micrarchaeota">Micrarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Micrarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nanohaloarchaeota" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanohaloarchaeota">Nanohalarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Nanohalarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nanoarchaeota" title="Nanoarchaeota">Nanoarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Nanoarchaeia"</li> <li>"Nanohalobiia"</li></ul></li> <li>"Undinarchaeota" <ul><li>"Undinarchaeia"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proteoarchaeota" title="Proteoarchaeota">Proteoarchaeota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TACK" title="TACK">TACK</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Thermoproteota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thermoproteota" title="Thermoproteota">Thermoproteota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Korarchaeia">Korarchaeia</a> <ul><li>"Korarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathyarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bathyarchaeia">Bathyarchaeia</a> <ul><li>"Hecatellales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrososphaeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrososphaeria">Nitrososphaeria</a> <ul><li>"Caldarchaeales"</li> <li>Conexivisphaerales</li> <li>"Geothermarchaeales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrososphaerales" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrososphaerales">Nitrososphaerales</a></li></ul></li> <li>"Culexarchaeia" <ul><li>"Culexarchaeles"</li></ul></li> <li>"Methanomethylicia" <ul><li>"Methanomethylicales"</li> <li>"Nezhaarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoprotei" title="Thermoprotei">Thermoproteia</a> <ul><li>"Gearchaeales"</li> <li>"Marsarchaeales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfolobales" title="Sulfolobales">Sulfolobales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoproteales" title="Thermoproteales">Thermoproteales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asgard_(Archaea)" title="Asgard (Archaea)">Asgard</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lokiarchaeota" title="Lokiarchaeota">Lokiarchaeota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Baldrarchaeia"</li> <li>"Freyrarchaeia"</li> <li>"Hermodarchaeia"</li> <li>"Jordarchaeia"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lokiarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokiarchaeia">Lokiarchaeia</a>" <ul><li>"Helarchaeales"</li> <li>"Lokiarchaeales"</li> <li>"Sigynarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odinarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Odinarchaeia">Odinarchaeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thorarchaeia">Thorarchaeia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heimdallarchaeota" title="Heimdallarchaeota">Heimdallarchaeota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heimdallarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Heimdallarchaeia">Heimdallarchaeia</a> <ul><li>"Gerdarchaeales"</li> <li>"Heimdallarchaeales"</li> <li>"Hodarchaeales"</li> <li>"Kariarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Njordarchaeia"</li> <li>"Sifarchaeia" <ul><li>"Borrarchaeales"</li> <li>"Sifarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Wukongarchaeia"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Source:</li> <li>Alternative views: <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Archaea" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Archaea">Wikispecies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extremophiles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Extremophiles" title="Template:Extremophiles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Extremophiles" title="Template talk:Extremophiles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Extremophiles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Extremophiles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extremophiles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Extremophile" title="Extremophile">Extremophiles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acidophile" title="Acidophile">Acidophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkaliphile" title="Alkaliphile">Alkaliphile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capnophile" title="Capnophile">Capnophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endolith" title="Endolith">Endolith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halophile" title="Halophile">Halophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypolith" title="Hypolith">Hypolith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipophilic_bacteria" title="Lipophilic bacteria">Lipophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithoautotroph" title="Lithoautotroph">Lithoautotroph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithophile" title="Lithophile">Lithophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanogen" title="Methanogen">Methanogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallotolerant" title="Metallotolerant">Metallotolerant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oligotroph" title="Oligotroph">Oligotroph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmophile" title="Osmophile">Osmophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piezophile" title="Piezophile">Piezophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyextremophile" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyextremophile">Polyextremophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psammophile" title="Psammophile">Psammophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychrophile" title="Psychrophile">Psychrophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radioresistance" title="Radioresistance">Radioresistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermophile" title="Thermophile">Thermophile</a>&#160;/&#32;<a href="/wiki/Hyperthermophile" title="Hyperthermophile">Hyperthermophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoacidophile" title="Thermoacidophile">Thermoacidophile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerophile" title="Xerophile">Xerophile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;">Notable<br />extremophiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chloroflexus_aurantiacus" title="Chloroflexus aurantiacus">Chloroflexus aurantiacus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deinococcus_radiodurans" title="Deinococcus radiodurans">Deinococcus radiodurans</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deinococcota" title="Deinococcota">Deinococcota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snottite" title="Snottite">Snottite</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thermus_aquaticus" title="Thermus aquaticus">Thermus aquaticus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thermus_thermophilus" title="Thermus thermophilus">Thermus thermophilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spirochaeta_americana" title="Spirochaeta americana">Spirochaeta americana</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GFAJ-1" title="GFAJ-1">GFAJ-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyrococcus_furiosus" title="Pyrococcus furiosus">Pyrococcus furiosus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strain_121" title="Strain 121">Strain 121</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyrolobus_fumarii" title="Pyrolobus fumarii">Pyrolobus fumarii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thermococcus_gammatolerans" title="Thermococcus gammatolerans">Thermococcus gammatolerans</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyanidioschyzon_merolae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyanidioschyzon merolae">Cyanidioschyzon merolae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galdieria_sulphuraria" title="Galdieria sulphuraria">Galdieria sulphuraria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paralvinella_sulfincola" title="Paralvinella sulfincola">Paralvinella sulfincola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Halicephalobus_mephisto" title="Halicephalobus mephisto">Halicephalobus mephisto</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvinella_pompejana" title="Alvinella pompejana">Pompeii worm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abiogenic_petroleum_origin" title="Abiogenic petroleum origin">Abiogenic petroleum origin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidithiobacillales" title="Acidithiobacillales">Acidithiobacillales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidobacteriota" title="Acidobacteriota">Acidobacteriota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acidophiles_in_acid_mine_drainage" title="Acidophiles in acid mine drainage">Acidophiles in acid mine drainage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoglobaceae" title="Archaeoglobaceae">Archaeoglobaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Pit" title="Berkeley Pit">Berkeley Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_Falls" title="Blood Falls">Blood Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoproteota" title="Thermoproteota">Thermoproteota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grylloblattidae" title="Grylloblattidae">Grylloblattidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halobacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Halobacteria">Halobacteria</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Halobacterium" title="Halobacterium">Halobacterium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Helaeomyia_petrolei" title="Helaeomyia petrolei">Helaeomyia petrolei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrothermal_vent" title="Hydrothermal vent">Hydrothermal vent</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Methanopyrus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movile_Cave" title="Movile Cave">Movile Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiotrophic_fungus" title="Radiotrophic fungus">Radiotrophic fungus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Tinto_(river)" title="Rio Tinto (river)">Rio Tinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tardigrade" title="Tardigrade">Tardigrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taq_polymerase" title="Taq polymerase"><i>Taq</i> polymerase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermostability" title="Thermostability">Thermostability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermotogota" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermotogota">Thermotogota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Methanopyrus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2700637" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q2700637">Q2700637</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Methanopyrus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Methanopyrus">Methanopyrus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/5QT7">5QT7</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/101716">101716</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/1000422">1000422</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=1061510">1061510</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;search_value=951550">951550</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prokaryotic_names_with_Standing_in_Nomenclature" title="List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature">LPSN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bacterio.net/methanopyrus.html">methanopyrus.html</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&amp;id=2319">2319</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=487507">487507</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Methanopyrus kandleri</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16664181" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q16664181">Q16664181</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Methanopyrus_kandleri" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Methanopyrus kandleri">Methanopyrus kandleri</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BacDive" title="BacDive">BacDive</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bacdive.dsmz.de/strain/7044">7044</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6RFJ2">6RFJ2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/1015752">1015752</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/1000423">1000423</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=10033541">10033541</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;search_value=951840">951840</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prokaryotic_names_with_Standing_in_Nomenclature" title="List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature">LPSN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/methanopyrus-kandleri">methanopyrus-kandleri</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&amp;id=2320">2320</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=891930">891930</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Methanopyraceae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6823596" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q6823596">Q6823596</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Methanopyraceae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Methanopyraceae">Methanopyraceae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/CPD">CPD</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/7932">7932</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3807">3807</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=106062">106062</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;search_value=951467">951467</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prokaryotic_names_with_Standing_in_Nomenclature" title="List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature">LPSN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bacterio.net/methanopyraceae.html">methanopyraceae.html</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&amp;id=183713">183713</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=577717">577717</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=416264">416264</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Methanopyrales</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6823597" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q6823597">Q6823597</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Methanopyrales" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Methanopyrales">Methanopyrales</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3JY">3JY</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/7931">7931</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/1195">1195</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/152514">152514</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=11567">11567</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;search_value=951447">951447</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prokaryotic_names_with_Standing_in_Nomenclature" title="List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature">LPSN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bacterio.net/methanopyrales.html">methanopyrales.html</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&amp;id=68985">68985</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=1039775">1039775</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=416263">416263</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐c8xbz Cached time: 20241124121825 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.701 seconds Real time usage: 0.977 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4252/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 116157/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4234/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 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