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<li id="toc-Pre-invasion:_Italy's_influence_and_aims_in_Albania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-invasion:_Italy's_influence_and_aims_in_Albania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Pre-invasion: Italy's influence and aims in Albania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-invasion:_Italy's_influence_and_aims_in_Albania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Invasion_and_the_establishment_of_the_Italian_regime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Invasion_and_the_establishment_of_the_Italian_regime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Invasion and the establishment of the Italian regime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Invasion_and_the_establishment_of_the_Italian_regime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Albania_at_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albania_at_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Albania at war</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albania_at_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persecution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persecution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Persecution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persecution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_division" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_division"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Administrative division</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_division-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="المملكة الألبانية (1939–1943) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المملكة الألبانية (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albaniya_krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Albaniya krallığı (1939–1943) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Albaniya krallığı (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_(%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%AF-%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A9)" title="আলবেনিয়ার ইতালীয় প্রটেক্টরেট (১৯৩৯-১৯৪৩) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলবেনিয়ার ইতালীয় প্রটেক্টরেট (১৯৩৯-১৯৪৩)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Італьянская акупацыя Албаніі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Італьянская акупацыя Албаніі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italsk%C3%BD_protektor%C3%A1t_v_Alb%C3%A1nii_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Italský protektorát v Albánii (1939–1943) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Italský protektorát v Albánii (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albaania_kuningriik_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Albaania kuningriik (1939–1943) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Albaania kuningriik (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_(1939-1943)" title="Ιταλικό Προτεκτοράτο της Αλβανίας (1939-1943) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιταλικό Προτεκτοράτο της Αλβανίας (1939-1943)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protectorado_italiano_de_Albania_(1939-1943)" title="Protectorado italiano de Albania (1939-1943) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protectorado italiano de Albania (1939-1943)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7_(%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B4%DB%B3-%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B3%DB%B9)" title="آلبانی تحت‌الحمایه ایتالیا (۱۹۴۳-۱۹۳۹) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلبانی تحت‌الحمایه ایتالیا (۱۹۴۳-۱۹۳۹)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_albanais_(1939-1943)" title="Royaume albanais (1939-1943) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume albanais (1939-1943)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EB%A0%B9_%EC%95%8C%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84_(1939%EB%85%84~1943%EB%85%84)" title="이탈리아령 알바니아 (1939년~1943년) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이탈리아령 알바니아 (1939년~1943년)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Albania_(1939-43)" title="Kerajaan Albania (1939-43) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajaan Albania (1939-43)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_d%27Albania_(1939-1943)" title="Regno d'Albania (1939-1943) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno d'Albania (1939-1943)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%99" title="אלבניה תחת השלטון האיטלקי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלבניה תחת השלטון האיטלקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ალბანეთის იტალიური ოკუპაცია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალბანეთის იტალიური ოკუპაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italijos_protektoratas_Albanijoje_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Italijos protektoratas Albanijoje (1939–1943) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Italijos protektoratas Albanijoje (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania_italiana" title="Albania italiana – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Albania italiana" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Италијански протекторат на Албанија (1939–1943) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Италијански протекторат на Албанија (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protektorat_Albania_Itali_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Protektorat Albania Itali (1939–1943) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Protektorat Albania Itali (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkrijk_Albani%C3%AB_(1939-1943)" title="Koninkrijk Albanië (1939-1943) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koninkrijk Albanië (1939-1943)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E9%A0%98%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%90%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2_(1939%E5%B9%B4-1943%E5%B9%B4)" title="イタリア保護領アルバニア (1939年-1943年) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イタリア保護領アルバニア (1939年-1943年)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_Albanii_(protektorat_w%C5%82oski)" title="Królestwo Albanii (protektorat włoski) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królestwo Albanii (protektorat włoski)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_da_Alb%C3%A2nia_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Reino da Albânia (1939–1943) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reino da Albânia (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regatul_Albaniei_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Regatul Albaniei (1939–1943) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regatul Albaniei (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Итальянская оккупация Албании – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Итальянская оккупация Албании" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shqip%C3%ABria_n%C3%ABn_pushtimin_italian_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Shqipëria nën pushtimin italian (1939–1943) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shqipëria nën pushtimin italian (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_(1939%E2%80%941943)" title="Краљевина Албанија (1939—1943) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Краљевина Албанија (1939—1943)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_protektoraatti" title="Albanian protektoraatti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Albanian protektoraatti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kungariket_Albanien_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Kungariket Albanien (1939–1943) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kungariket Albanien (1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5_(%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1939%E2%80%931943)" title="แอลเบเนียในอารักขาของอิตาลี (ค.ศ. 1939–1943) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอลเบเนียในอารักขาของอิตาลี (ค.ศ. 1939–1943)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnavutluk_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_(1939-1943)" title="Arnavutluk Krallığı (1939-1943) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arnavutluk Krallığı (1939-1943)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li 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class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&params=41.5350_N_19.8200_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°32′06″N</span> <span class="longitude">19°49′12″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.5350°N 19.8200°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.5350; 19.8200</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Italian protectorate in Southeast Europe</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Italian occupation of Albania" redirects here. For the military act of occupation, see <a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Italian invasion of Albania</a>. For the earlier period of occupation in 1917–1920, see <a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_over_Albania" title="Italian protectorate over Albania">Italian protectorate over Albania</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice skin-invert-image" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupazione_italiana_dell%27Albania_(1939-1943)" class="extiw" title="it:Occupazione italiana dell'Albania (1939-1943)">the corresponding article</a> in Italian</b>.  <i><small>(March 2021)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOccupazione_italiana_dell%27Albania_(1939-1943)&sl=it&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en">View</a> a machine-translated version of the Italian article.</li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at [[:it:Occupazione italiana dell'Albania (1939-1943)]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|it|Occupazione italiana dell'Albania (1939-1943)}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Talk:Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Kingdom of Albania</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">Mbretënia e Shqipënisë</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>)</span><br /><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Regno d'Albania</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1939–1943</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)"><img alt="Flag of Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Albania" title="Flag of Albania">Flag</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Royal coat of arms of Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)"><img alt="Royal coat of arms of Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Great_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.png/85px-Great_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Great_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.png/128px-Great_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Great_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.png/170px-Great_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1691" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Emblem of the Republic of Albania"> Royal coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b><a href="/wiki/FERT" title="FERT">FERT</a><br />(Motto for the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Savoy" title="House of Savoy">House of Savoy</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Himni_i_Flamurit" title="Himni i Flamurit">Himni i Flamurit</a></i><br />("Hymn to the Flag")<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="66" data-mwtitle="Hymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Hymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Hymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg/Hymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=de&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="de" label="Deutsch ‪(de)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=el&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="el" label="Ελληνικά ‪(el)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=fa&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fa" label="فارسی ‪(fa)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=hr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="hr" label="hrvatski ‪(hr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=it&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="it" label="italiano ‪(it)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語 ‪(ja)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=la&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="la" label="Latina ‪(la)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=mk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mk" label="македонски ‪(mk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=ms&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ms" label="Bahasa Melayu ‪(ms)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=pl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pl" label="polski ‪(pl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=ro&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ro" label="română ‪(ro)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=sq&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sq" label="shqip ‪(sq)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=sr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr" label="српски / srpski ‪(sr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=xmf&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="xmf" label="მარგალური ‪(xmf)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHymni_i_Flamurit_instrumental.ogg&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div><div class="ib-country-anthem"><b><a href="/wiki/Royal_anthem" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal anthem">Royal anthem</a>:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Reale_d%27Ordinanza" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcia Reale d'Ordinanza">Marcia Reale d'Ordinanza</a></i><br />("Royal March of Ordinance")<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="192" data-mwtitle="Marcia_Reale.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Marcia_Reale.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/55/Marcia_Reale.ogg/Marcia_Reale.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMarcia_Reale.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMarcia_Reale.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Albanian_Kingdom_(1942).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Italian protectorate of Albania in 1942"><img alt="The Italian protectorate of Albania in 1942" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Albanian_Kingdom_%281942%29.svg/250px-Albanian_Kingdom_%281942%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Albanian_Kingdom_%281942%29.svg/375px-Albanian_Kingdom_%281942%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Albanian_Kingdom_%281942%29.svg/500px-Albanian_Kingdom_%281942%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="456" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">The Italian protectorate of Albania in 1942</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">In <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a> with <a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy" title="Fascist Italy">Fascist Italy</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i>)<br />part of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Italian Empire</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data">Fascist <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Albanians" class="mw-redirect" title="King of the Albanians">King</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1939–1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III" title="Victor Emmanuel III">Victor Emmanuel III</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">Lieutenant-General of the King</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1939–1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Jacomoni" title="Francesco Jacomoni">Francesco Jacomoni</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Pariani" title="Alberto Pariani">Alberto Pariani</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Prime Minister</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1939–1941 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci" title="Shefqet Vërlaci">Shefqet Vërlaci</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1941–1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Merlika-Kruja" title="Mustafa Merlika-Kruja">Mustafa Merlika-Kruja</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ekrem_Libohova" title="Ekrem Libohova">Ekrem Libohova</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maliq_Bushati" title="Maliq Bushati">Maliq Bushati</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ekrem_Libohova" title="Ekrem Libohova">Ekrem Libohova</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Albania" title="Parliament of Albania">Parliament</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Established</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 April 1939</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Enlargement</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">10 July 1941</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Cassibile" title="Armistice of Cassibile">Italian capitulation</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 September 1943</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">1939<sup id="cite_ref-SoldatenAtlas_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SoldatenAtlas-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">28,748 km<sup>2</sup> (11,100 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">1940-1943</th><td class="infobox-data">52,667 km<sup>2</sup> (20,335 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1939<sup id="cite_ref-SoldatenAtlas_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SoldatenAtlas-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,063,893</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1940-1943 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,701,463</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Franga" title="Franga">Franga</a> (1939–1941)<br /><a href="/wiki/Italian_lira" title="Italian lira">Italian lira</a> (1941–1943)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania_%281939%E2%80%931943%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1928%E2%80%931939)" title="Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)"><b>1939:</b><br />Albanian Kingdom</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Banovina" title="Zeta Banovina"><b>1941:</b><br />Zeta Banovina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Vardar_Banovina" title="Vardar Banovina">Vardar Banovina</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Albania" title="German occupation of Albania">German Occupation</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Italian protectorate of Albania</b> (<b>Italian:</b> Protettorato italiano dell'Albania), also known as <b>Italian Albania</b>, the <b>Kingdom of Albania</b> or <b>Greater Albania</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-Italy,_Greater_Albania_and_Kosovo_1939-1943_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Italy,_Greater_Albania_and_Kosovo_1939-1943-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Historični_seminar_10_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Historični_seminar_10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> existed as a <a href="/wiki/Puppet_state" title="Puppet state">puppet state</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy" title="Fascist Italy">Fascist Italy</a>. It was practically a union between Italy and Albania, officially led by <a href="/wiki/King_of_Italy" title="King of Italy">Italian King</a> <a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III" title="Victor Emmanuel III">Victor Emmanuel III</a> and his government: Albania was led by Italian governors, after being <a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">militarily occupied by Italy</a>, from 1939 until 1943. During this time, <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> ceased to exist as an independent country and became an autonomous part of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Italian Empire</a>. Officials intended to make Albania part of a <a href="/wiki/Greater_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Italy">Greater Italy</a> by assimilating Albanians as Italians and colonizing Albania with Italian settlers from the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a> to transform it gradually into an Italian land.<sup id="cite_ref-Axis_Rule_in_Occupied_Europe_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Axis_Rule_in_Occupied_Europe-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1915)" title="Treaty of London (1915)">Treaty of London</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Triple_Entente" title="Triple Entente">Triple Entente</a> had promised central and southern Albania to Italy as a reward for fighting against the <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1917, after Italian soldiers seized control of substantial areas of Albania, Italy formally declared a protectorate over central and southern Albania; however this was overturned in September 1920 when Italy was pressured to withdraw its army.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italy was enraged with the minimal gains that it received from peace negotiations, which it regarded as having violated the Treaty of London. <a href="/wiki/Italian_Fascism" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Fascism">Italian Fascists</a> claimed that <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> were ethnically linked to <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a> through association with the prehistoric populations, and that the major influence exerted by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stato_da_M%C3%A0r" title="Stato da Màr">Venetian</a> empires over Albania gave Italy the right to possess it.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, several hundred thousand ethnic Albanians had already been absorbed into southern Italy, which was used to justify annexation as a measure that would unite all Albanians into one state.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007389_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007389-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italy supported <a href="/wiki/Albanian_irredentism" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian irredentism">Albanian irredentism</a>, directed against the predominantly Albanian-populated <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, but also against <a href="/wiki/Epirus_(region)" title="Epirus (region)">Epirus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a>, particularly the border area of <a href="/wiki/Chameria" title="Chameria">Chameria</a>, inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanians" title="Cham Albanians">Cham Albanian</a> minority.<sup id="cite_ref-Fischer_1999_70–73_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fischer_1999_70–73-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-invasion:_Italy's_influence_and_aims_in_Albania"><span id="Pre-invasion:_Italy.27s_influence_and_aims_in_Albania"></span>Pre-invasion: Italy's influence and aims in Albania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pre-invasion: Italy's influence and aims in Albania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vlora_zur_Zeit_der_italienischen_Besatzung_1916-1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Vlora_zur_Zeit_der_italienischen_Besatzung_1916-1920.jpg/220px-Vlora_zur_Zeit_der_italienischen_Besatzung_1916-1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Vlora_zur_Zeit_der_italienischen_Besatzung_1916-1920.jpg/330px-Vlora_zur_Zeit_der_italienischen_Besatzung_1916-1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Vlora_zur_Zeit_der_italienischen_Besatzung_1916-1920.jpg/440px-Vlora_zur_Zeit_der_italienischen_Besatzung_1916-1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="944" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Italian soldiers in <a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Vlorë</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. The tricolour flag of Italy bearing the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Savoy" title="House of Savoy">Savoy</a> royal shield is shown hanging alongside an Albanian flag from the balcony of the Italian headquarters.</figcaption></figure> <p>Prior to direct intervention in World War I, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> occupied the port of <a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Vlorë</a> in Albania in December 1914.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon entering the war, Italy spread its occupation to region of southern <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania" title="Principality of Albania">Albania</a> beginning in the autumn 1916.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian forces in 1916 recruited Albanian irregulars to serve alongside them.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italy with permission of the Allied command, occupied <a href="/wiki/Northern_Epirus" title="Northern Epirus">Northern Epirus</a> on 23 August 1916, forcing the Greek Army to withdraw its occupation forces from there.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1917, Italy proclaimed central and southern Albania as a protectorate of Italy while Northern Albania was allocated to the states of Serbia and Montenegro.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 31 October 1918, French and Italian forces expelled the Austro-Hungarian Army from Albania.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After World War I ended, Italy withdrew its military forces on 2 September 1920 from Albania as a result of foreign pressure and defeat in the <a href="/wiki/Vlora_War" title="Vlora War">Vlora War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Italian Fascist regime had politically and economically penetrated and dominated Albania during Zog's rule and was planning for annexation of Albania years prior to the event.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378,_389_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378,_389-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Albania came under strong Italian influence after the signing of the Treaties of Tirana of 1926 and 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roy_Palmer_Domenico_2002._Pp._74_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roy_Palmer_Domenico_2002._Pp._74-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Zog, Albania's economy was dependent on multiple financial loans given from Italy since 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1933, Mussolini placed stringent demands on Zog in exchange for Italy's continued support of Albania, including demands that all new appointments to leading positions in the Albanian government had to have received an "Italian education"; that an Italian expert was in the future to be in all Albanian government ministries; that Italy would take control of Albania's military – including its fortifications; that British officers that were training Albania's gendarmerie be replaced by Italian officers; and that Albania must annul all of its existing commercial treaties with other countries and make no new agreements without the approval of the Italian government; and that Albania sign a commercial convention that would make Italy Albania's "most favoured country" in trade.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007351_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007351-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1934 when Albania did not deliver its scheduled payment of one loan to Italy, Italian warships arrived off the coast of Albania to intimidate Albania to submit to Italian goals in the region. However, the British opposed Italy's actions and under pressure, Italy backed down and claimed that the naval exercise was merely a "friendly visit".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 August 1937, Italian foreign minister Count Ciano wrote in his diary of Italy's relations with Albania in the following: "We must create stable centres of Italian influence there. Who knows what the future may have in store? We must be ready to seize opportunities which will present themselves. We are not going to withdraw this time, as we did in 1920. In the south [of Italy] we have absorbed several hundred thousand Albanians. Why shouldn't the same thing happen on the other side of the entrance to the Adriatic.".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007389_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007389-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 March 1938, Ciano wrote in his diary of annexing Albania like Germany did with Austria shortly prior: "A report from Jacomoni on the situation in Albania. Our penetration is becoming steadily more intense and more organic. The programme which I traced after my visit is being carried out without a hitch. I am wondering whether the general situation – particularly the Anschluss [with Austria] – does not permit us to take a step forward towards the more complete domination of this country, which will be ours." and days later on 4 April of that year wrote "We must gradually underline the protectorate element of our relations with Albania".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007396_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007396-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Invasion_and_the_establishment_of_the_Italian_regime">Invasion and the establishment of the Italian regime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Invasion and the establishment of the Italian regime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vitorioemanuel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bc/Vitorioemanuel.jpg/220px-Vitorioemanuel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bc/Vitorioemanuel.jpg/330px-Vitorioemanuel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bc/Vitorioemanuel.jpg/440px-Vitorioemanuel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="517" data-file-height="762" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III" title="Victor Emmanuel III">Victor Emmanuel III of Italy</a>, King of Albania from 1939 to 1943</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci.jpg/220px-Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci.jpg/330px-Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci.jpg/440px-Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1540" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci" title="Shefqet Vërlaci">Shefqet Vërlaci</a>, Prime Minister of Albania from 1939 to 1941</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:38%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>"The Kosovars are 850,000 Albanians, strong of body, firm in spirit, and enthusiastic about the idea of a Union with their Homeland. Apparently, the Serbians are terrified of them. Today one must ... chloroform the Yugoslavians. But later on one must adopt a politics of deep interest in Kosovo. This will help to keep alive in the Balkans an irredentist problem which will polarize the attention of the Albanians themselves and be a knife at the back of Yugoslavia..." </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style=""><a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a>, Mussolini's son-in-law, the Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, speaking of Albanian claims to <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> as valuable to Italy's objectives.<sup id="cite_ref-Invoking_Humanity_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Invoking_Humanity-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>In spite of Albania's long-standing alliance with Italy, on 7 April 1939 Italian troops <a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">invaded Albania</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-395-41685-X_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-395-41685-X-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> five months before the start of the Second World War. The Albanian armed resistance proved ineffective against the Italians and, after a short defense, the country was occupied. On 9 April 1939 the Albanian king, <a href="/wiki/Zog_I,_King_of_the_Albanians" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog I, King of the Albanians">Zog I</a> fled to <a href="/wiki/4th_of_August_Regime" title="4th of August Regime">Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-8240-7029-1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-8240-7029-1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Albania had been under strong Italian influence since 1927,<sup id="cite_ref-Roy_Palmer_Domenico_2002._Pp._74_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roy_Palmer_Domenico_2002._Pp._74-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kallis132_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kallis132-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italy's political leader, <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a> wanted direct control over the country to increase his and Italy's prestige, provide a response to Germany's <a href="/wiki/Anschluss" title="Anschluss">annexation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and occupation of <a href="/wiki/First_Republic_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="First Republic of Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a>, and to have firm control over Albania to station large forces of the Italian military for future operations involving Yugoslavia and Greece. </p><p>Albania became an Italian protectorate subordinated to Italian interests,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along the lines of the German <a href="/wiki/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia" title="Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia">Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Emmanuel III of Italy">Victor Emmanuel III</a> was proclaimed king of Albania, creating a <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a> with Italy; he was represented in Tirana by a <a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">viceroy</a>. A customs union was created, and Rome took over Albanian foreign policy. Although officially under Italian rule, the Albanians controlled the region and were encouraged to open Albanian language schools, which had been banned by the Yugoslav government. The Italians also gave the inhabitants Albanian citizenship and allowed them to fly the Albanian Flag. The Albanian armed forces were subsumed into the Italian military, Italian advisers were placed inside all levels of the Albanian administration, and the country was fascisticized with the establishment of an <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Fascist_Party" title="Albanian Fascist Party">Albanian Fascist Party</a> and its attendant organizations, modelled after the Italian prototype. The Albanian Fascist Party was a branch of the National Fascist Party of Italy, members of the Albanian Fascist Party took an oath to obey the orders of the Duce of Fascism, Mussolini.<sup id="cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian citizens began to settle in Albania as <a href="/wiki/Italian_colonists_in_Albania" title="Italian colonists in Albania">colonists</a> and to own land so that they could gradually transform it into Italian soil.<sup id="cite_ref-Axis_Rule_in_Occupied_Europe_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Axis_Rule_in_Occupied_Europe-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Italianization" title="Italianization">italianization</a> of Albania was one of Mussolini's plans.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Victor Emmanuel ruled as king, <a href="/wiki/Shefqet_V%C3%ABrlaci" title="Shefqet Vërlaci">Shefqet Vërlaci</a> served as the prime minister. Vërlaci controlled the day-to-day activities of the Italian protectorate. On 3 December 1941, Shefqet Vërlaci was replaced as prime minister by <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Merlika-Kruja" title="Mustafa Merlika-Kruja">Mustafa Merlika-Kruja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn1-84511-104-4_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn1-84511-104-4-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The country's natural resources too came under direct control of Italy. All petroleum resources in Albania went through <a href="/wiki/Agip" title="Agip">Agip</a>, Italy's state petroleum company.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Albania was important culturally and historically to the nationalist aims of the Italian Fascists, as the territory of Albania had long been part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, even prior to the annexation of northern Italy by the Romans. Later, during the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a> some coastal areas (like <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durazzo</a>) had been influenced and owned by Italian powers, chiefly the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a> for many years (cf. <a href="/wiki/Albania_Veneta" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania Veneta">Albania Veneta</a>). The Italian Fascist regime legitimized its claim to Albania through studies proclaiming the racial affinity of Albanians and Italians, especially as opposed to the Slavic Yugoslavs.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian Fascists claimed that Albanians were linked through ethnic heritage to <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a>, not to Slavs, and that the major influence exhibited by the Roman and Venetian empires over Albania justified Italy's right to possess it.<sup id="cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 106">: 106 </span></sup> </p><p>Italy also attempted to legitimize and win public support for its rule over Albania by supporting Albanian irredentism, directed against the predominantly Albanian-populated <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Epirus_(region)" title="Epirus (region)">Epirus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a>, particularly the border area of <a href="/wiki/Chameria" title="Chameria">Chameria</a>, inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanians" title="Cham Albanians">Cham Albanian</a> minority.<sup id="cite_ref-Fischer_1999_70–73_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fischer_1999_70–73-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus an author the Fascist Italian publication named <i>Geopolitica</i> claimed that the population of the Epirus-<a href="/wiki/Acarnania" title="Acarnania">Acarnania</a> region of Greece belonged to Albania due to it being racially <a href="/wiki/Dinaric_race" title="Dinaric race">Dinaric</a>, and formed a 'single geographic system' with the Adriatic zone.<sup id="cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 106">: 106 </span></sup> Despite the efforts of the Italian vicegerent, <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Jacomoni" title="Francesco Jacomoni">Francesco Jacomoni</a>, to stir up insurrections and create a <a href="/wiki/Fifth_column" title="Fifth column">fifth column</a>, and the favourable reports he sent to the Italian foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Count_Ciano" class="mw-redirect" title="Count Ciano">Count Ciano</a>, events proved that there was little enthusiasm among the Albanians themselves: after the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Italian invasion of Greece</a>, most Albanians either deserted or defected.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albania_at_war">Albania at war</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Albania at war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Albania_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of Albania during World War II">Military history of Albania during World War II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vulnetari" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulnetari">Vulnetari</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albania,_April_1939,_Italian_soldiers_disembarking_from_ships.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_disembarking_from_ships.jpg/220px-Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_disembarking_from_ships.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_disembarking_from_ships.jpg/330px-Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_disembarking_from_ships.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c0/Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_disembarking_from_ships.jpg 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption>Italian troops disembarking from ships, April 1939</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Durazzo,_Albania,_April_1939,_Italian_soldiers_entering_the_city.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d3/Durazzo%2C_Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_entering_the_city.jpg/220px-Durazzo%2C_Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_entering_the_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d3/Durazzo%2C_Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_entering_the_city.jpg/330px-Durazzo%2C_Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_entering_the_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d3/Durazzo%2C_Albania%2C_April_1939%2C_Italian_soldiers_entering_the_city.jpg 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="261" /></a><figcaption>Italian troops entering <a href="/wiki/Durazzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Durazzo">Durazzo</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Offensive_1940_41_in_Northern_Epirus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Greek_Offensive_1940_41_in_Northern_Epirus.svg/300px-Greek_Offensive_1940_41_in_Northern_Epirus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Greek_Offensive_1940_41_in_Northern_Epirus.svg/450px-Greek_Offensive_1940_41_in_Northern_Epirus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Greek_Offensive_1940_41_in_Northern_Epirus.svg/600px-Greek_Offensive_1940_41_in_Northern_Epirus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1097" data-file-height="844" /></a><figcaption>The Greek counteroffensive (13 November 1940-7 April 1941) during the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Strategically, control of Albania gave Italy an important beachhead in the Balkans: not only did it complete Italian control of the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Otranto" title="Strait of Otranto">Strait of Otranto</a> and the entrance to the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a>, it could be used to invade either Yugoslavia (in tandem with another thrust via <a href="/wiki/Venezia_Giulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezia Giulia">Venezia Giulia</a>) or Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-Kallis132_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kallis132-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1939, Count Ciano spoke of Albanian irredentist claims to <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> as valuable to Italy's objectives, saying: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Kosovars [are] 850,000 Albanians, strong of body, firm in spirit, and enthusiastic about the idea of a Union with their Homeland. Apparently, the Serbians are terrified of them. Today one must…chloroform the Yugoslavians. But later on one must adopt a politics of deep interest in Kosovo. This will help to keep alive in the Balkans an irredentist problem which will polarize the attention of the Albanians themselves and be a knife at the back of Yugoslavia.<sup id="cite_ref-Invoking_Humanity_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Invoking_Humanity-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Galeazzo Ciano, 1939</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The Corporative Council of the Albanian Fascist Party, a quasi-statal organization, issued a directive on 16 June 1940, shortly after Italy's declarations of war against Britain and France, that stated that "The Kingdom of Albania considers itself at war with all nations against which Italy is at war – at present or in the future."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1940, during the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War</a>, Albania served as a staging-area for Italian dictator <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a>'s unsuccessful invasion of <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>. Mussolini planned to invade Greece and other countries like <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> in the area to give Italy territorial control of most of the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> coastline, as part of the Fascists' objective of creating the objective of <i><a href="/wiki/Mare_Nostrum" title="Mare Nostrum">Mare Nostrum</a></i> ("Our Sea") in which Italy would dominate the Mediterranean. But the Albanian army under the command of colonel (later general) Prenk Pervizi<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> abandoned the Italians in combat, causing a major unraveling of their lines. The Albanian army believed to be the cause of the betrayal was removed from the front. The Colonel Pervizi and his staff of officials was isolated in the mountains of Puka and Shkodra to the North.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first action of revolt against the Italian occupation. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1940_Albanian_Kingdom_Laissez_Passer_issued_for_traveling_to_Fascist_Italy_after_the_invasion_of_1939.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/1940_Albanian_Kingdom_Laissez_Passer_issued_for_traveling_to_Fascist_Italy_after_the_invasion_of_1939.jpg/220px-1940_Albanian_Kingdom_Laissez_Passer_issued_for_traveling_to_Fascist_Italy_after_the_invasion_of_1939.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/1940_Albanian_Kingdom_Laissez_Passer_issued_for_traveling_to_Fascist_Italy_after_the_invasion_of_1939.jpg/330px-1940_Albanian_Kingdom_Laissez_Passer_issued_for_traveling_to_Fascist_Italy_after_the_invasion_of_1939.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/1940_Albanian_Kingdom_Laissez_Passer_issued_for_traveling_to_Fascist_Italy_after_the_invasion_of_1939.jpg/440px-1940_Albanian_Kingdom_Laissez_Passer_issued_for_traveling_to_Fascist_Italy_after_the_invasion_of_1939.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2283" data-file-height="1884" /></a><figcaption>1940 Albanian Kingdom Laissez Passer issued for traveling to Italy after the invasion of 1939</figcaption></figure> <p>But, soon after the Italian invasion, the Greeks counter-attacked and a sizable portion of Albania was in Greek hands (including the cities of <a href="/wiki/Gjirokast%C3%ABr" title="Gjirokastër">Gjirokastër</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kor%C3%A7%C3%AB" title="Korçë">Korçë</a>). In April 1941, Greece capitulated after an overwhelming <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Greece">German invasion</a>. All of Albania returned to Italian control, which was also extended to most of Greece, which was <a href="/wiki/Axis_Occupation_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis Occupation of Greece">jointly occupied</a> by Italy, Germany and Bulgaria. Italian plans however to annex Chameria to Albania were shelved because the Italians found the region to have been almost completely Greek and also due to the strong opposition of the region's Greek population.<sup id="cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 108">: 108 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Germans also opposed such a move for the same reasons,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also because they were opposed to any territorial reduction of the <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_State_(1941%E2%80%931944)" title="Hellenic State (1941–1944)">Hellenic state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 108">: 108 </span></sup> </p><p>After the fall of Yugoslavia and Greece in April 1941, the Italian government began negotiations with Germany, Bulgaria, and the newly established client state, the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a>, on defining their borders. In April Mussolini called for the borders of Albania to be expanded – including annexing <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> into Albania that would have an autonomous government within Albania, and expanding Albania's border eastwards, though not as far as the Vardar river as some had proposed – citing that <a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</a> should be left to the Slavic Macedonians, regardless of whether <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Macedonia" title="Vardar Macedonia">Vardar Macedonia</a> would become an independent state or be annexed by Bulgaria.<sup id="cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 79">: 79 </span></sup> However the Italian government changed its positions on the border throughout April, later supporting the annexation of Ohrid while giving the territory lying directly outside of Ohrid (including the sacred birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Ohrid" title="Clement of Ohrid">Saint Clement</a>) to the Slavic Macedonians.<sup id="cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 79">: 79 </span></sup> After a period of negotiations Italy's new Balkan borders – including Albania's new borders, were declared by royal decree on 7 June 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 79">: 79 </span></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Cassibile" title="Armistice of Cassibile">Italian capitulation</a> in September 1943, the country was <a href="/wiki/Albania_under_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania under Germany">occupied by the Germans</a> until the end of the war. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Persecution">Persecution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Persecution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Around 200 Albanian Jews and 400 Jewish refugees resided in Albania proper prior to World War II. Albanian Jews were generally protected but faced some restrictions. Foreign Jews were placed into concentration camps. The Jewish population of Kosovo fared comparatively worse as Italian authorities turned them over to the Germans where they were murdered or sent to camps in Albania. Others were taken to Albanian cities where the local population protected them.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>See <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Albania" title="The Holocaust in Albania">The Holocaust in Albania</a>.</i> </p><p>Kosovar Albanians collaborated with the Axis powers who promised them a Greater Albania.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was seen as a better alternative to the repressive measures instilled by Serbian politicians during the interwar period.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramet_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramet-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1942 Prime Minister Mustafa Kruja stated that Serbs would be sent to concentration camps or killed.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 70,000 and 100,000 Kosovar Serbs were transferred to concentration camps in <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitrovica,_Kosovo" title="Mitrovica, Kosovo">Mitrovica</a> or expelled to Serbia proper, in order to Albanianize the province.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramet_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramet-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the occupation, the population was subject to forced labour, torture, destruction of private property, destruction and damaging of cultural and historical buildings and graveyards.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The expulsion of Serbs proved problematic, as they had performed important functions in the region, and been running most of the businesses, mills, tanneries, and public utilities, and been responsible for most of the useful agricultural production.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Serbian sources, it is estimated that the <a href="/wiki/Vulnetari" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulnetari">Vulnetari</a> and other paramilitaries murdered up to 10,000 Serbs and Montenegrins in Kosovo.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Albania_during_WWII.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Map_of_Albania_during_WWII.png/220px-Map_of_Albania_during_WWII.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Map_of_Albania_during_WWII.png/330px-Map_of_Albania_during_WWII.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Map_of_Albania_during_WWII.png/440px-Map_of_Albania_during_WWII.png 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="839" /></a><figcaption>Albania during World War II</figcaption></figure> <p>Upon the occupation of Albania and installation of a new government, the economies of Albania and Italy were connected through a <a href="/wiki/Customs_union" title="Customs union">customs union</a> that resulted in the removal of most trade restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through a <a href="/wiki/Tariff" title="Tariff">tariff</a> union, the Italian tariff system was put in place in Albania.<sup id="cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the expected economic losses in Albania from the alteration in tariff policy, the Italian government provided Albania 15 million <a href="/wiki/Albanian_lek" title="Albanian lek">Albanian leks</a> each year in compensation.<sup id="cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian customs laws were to apply in Albania and only Italy alone could conclude treaties with third parties.<sup id="cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Italian capital was allowed to dominate the Albanian economy.<sup id="cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, Italian companies were allowed to hold monopolies in the exploitation of Albanian natural resources.<sup id="cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1944, the number of companies and industrial enterprises reached 430, from just 244 in 1938 and only 71 such in 1922. The degree of concentration of workers in industrial production in 1938 doubled compared with 1928. At this time, Albania's economy had trade relations with 21 countries, but most developed were first to Italy and then to Yugoslavia, France, Germany, Greece, etc. </p><p>The country entered capitalist economic development much later than other European countries. Despite the presence of some foreign (mainly Italian) investment, Albania had made little move towards industrial development at the onset of World War II. Agriculture, which employed over 87% of the workforce, was the main sector of the economy and contributed 92.4% of the national income, with main outputs being wheat, maize and rye. Agriculture used primitive tools such as wood ploughs, whilst fertilisers were hardly known at all, and drainage poor. The level of productivity and level of organization and mechanization of agriculture in this period were very low. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_division">Administrative division</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Administrative division"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Italians adopted the existing Albanian system of prefectures (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i>prefetture</i>). In line with the administrative structure of the rest of Italy these were also called provinces (Italian: <i>provincia</i>). However, unlike Italy the Albanian sub-prefecture (Italian: <i>sotto prefetture</i>) was retained. There were initially 10 prefectures.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under this was 30 sub-prefectures and 23 municipalities (Italian: <i>municipalità</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each Prefecture was run by a Prefect located in the city of the same name. In 1941, following the dismemberment of Yugoslavia, three new Prefectures were added. <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kossovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metohija" title="Metohija">Metohija</a> and <a href="/wiki/Debar" title="Debar">Debar</a>, with 5 sub-prefectures.<sup id="cite_ref-Davide_Rodogno_Pp._293_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davide_Rodogno_Pp._293-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also <a href="/wiki/Dulcigno" class="mw-redirect" title="Dulcigno">Ulcinj</a> was added to <a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Scutari</a> prefecture as sub-prefecture. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KingdomOfAlbania1941.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/KingdomOfAlbania1941.png/440px-KingdomOfAlbania1941.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="777" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/KingdomOfAlbania1941.png/660px-KingdomOfAlbania1941.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/KingdomOfAlbania1941.png/880px-KingdomOfAlbania1941.png 2x" data-file-width="1698" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Administrative divisions in 1941</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <th>Prefecture</th> <th>Sub-prefectures</th> <th>Municipalities </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Berat" title="Berat">Berat</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fier" title="Fier">Fieri</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lushnj%C3%AB" title="Lushnjë">Lushnje</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Ballsh" title="Ballsh">Ballsh</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Skrapar" title="Skrapar">Skrapar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Berat" title="Berat">Berat</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Fier" title="Fier">Fieri</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lushnj%C3%AB" title="Lushnjë">Lushnje</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Peshkopi" title="Peshkopi">Peshkopi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Burrel">Burreli e Mat</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Zerqan" title="Zerqan">Zerqan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peshkopi" title="Peshkopi">Peshkopi</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Burrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Burrel">Burrel</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durazzo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kavaj%C3%AB" title="Kavajë">Kavaja</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Kruj%C3%AB" title="Krujë">Krue</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Shijak" title="Shijak">Shijak</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durazzo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kavaj%C3%AB" title="Kavajë">Kavaja</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Shijak" title="Shijak">Shijak</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Kruj%C3%AB" title="Krujë">Krue</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Elbasan" title="Elbasan">Elbasan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Librazhd" title="Librazhd">Librazhd</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Gramsh_District" title="Gramsh District">Gramshi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elbasan" title="Elbasan">Elbasan</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Gjirokast%C3%ABr" title="Gjirokastër">Argirocastro</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%87am%C3%ABri" class="mw-redirect" title="Çamëri">Ciamuria</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Delvin%C3%AB" title="Delvinë">Delvina</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Kurvelesh_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurvelesh municipality">Kurvelesh</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Libohov%C3%AB" title="Libohovë">Libohova</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%ABrmet" title="Përmet">Permeti</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Tepelen%C3%AB" title="Tepelenë">Tepelena</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Sarand%C3%AB" title="Sarandë">Santi Quaranta</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gjirokast%C3%ABr" title="Gjirokastër">Argirocastro</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%ABrmet" title="Përmet">Permeti</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Tepelen%C3%AB" title="Tepelenë">Tepelena</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Sarand%C3%AB" title="Sarandë">Porto Edda</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Delvin%C3%AB" title="Delvinë">Delvina</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kor%C3%A7%C3%AB" title="Korçë">Coritza</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bilisht" title="Bilisht">Bilishti</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Kolonj%C3%AB" title="Kolonjë">Kolonjë</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Leskovik" title="Leskovik">Leskoviku</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Pogradec" title="Pogradec">Pogradeci</a></td> <td>None </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuk%C3%ABs" title="Kukës">Kukesi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lum%C3%AB" title="Lumë">Lumë</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Highlands_of_Gjakova" title="Highlands of Gjakova">Malësi e Gjakovës</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuk%C3%ABs" title="Kukës">Kukesi</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Scutari</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lezh%C3%AB" title="Lezhë">Alessio</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Dukagjin_highlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Dukagjin highlands">Dukagjin</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Ulcinj" title="Ulcinj">Dulcigno</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%ABsi_e_Madhe" title="Malësi e Madhe">Malësi e Madhe</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Mirdit%C3%AB" title="Mirditë">Mirdite</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Puk%C3%AB" title="Pukë">Puka</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Scutari</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Valona</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Himar%C3%AB" title="Himarë">Himara</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Valona</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiran%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiranë">Tirana</a></td> <td>None</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiran%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiranë">Tirana</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Debar" title="Debar">Debar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rostusa" class="mw-redirect" title="Rostusa">Rostuse</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tetovo" title="Tetovo">Tetovo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Debar" title="Debar">Debar</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Metohija" title="Metohija">Metohija</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Djakovica" class="mw-redirect" title="Djakovica">Gjakovës</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pe%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Peć">Peja</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kossovo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rahovec" title="Rahovec">Rahovec</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Suva_Reka" title="Suva Reka">Suva Reka</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pri%C5%A1tina" class="mw-redirect" title="Priština">Prishtina</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width:19.0em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Albania" title="Category:History of Albania">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Albania" title="History of Albania">History of <span class="fn org label">Albania</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="State emblem of Albania"><img alt="State emblem of Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="383" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Early History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Albanians" title="Origin of the Albanians">Origin of the Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyria" title="Illyria">Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyricum_(Roman_province)" title="Illyricum (Roman province)">Illyricum</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Albania_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Albania in the Middle Ages">Medieval</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania_under_the_Byzantine_Empire" title="Albania under the Byzantine Empire">Byzantine rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_under_the_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Albania under the Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Arbanon" title="Principality of Arbanon">Principality of Arbanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Kingdom of Albania (medieval)">Angevin Kingdom of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Principality of Albania (medieval)">Principality of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_under_Serbia_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Albania under Serbia in the Middle Ages">Serbian rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_principalities" title="Albanian principalities">Principalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_Albania" title="Venetian Albania">Venetian Albania</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Early modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Mirdita" class="mw-redirect" title="Principality of Mirdita">Principality of Mirdita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania under the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamization_of_Albania" title="Islamization of Albania">Islamization of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Albania" title="Sanjak of Albania">Sanjak of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Scutari" title="Sanjak of Scutari">Sanjak of Scutari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Dibra" title="Sanjak of Dibra">Sanjak of Dibra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scutari_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Scutari Vilayet">Scutari Vilayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janina_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Janina Vilayet">Janina Vilayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manastir_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Manastir Vilayet">Manastir Vilayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo Vilayet">Kosovo Vilayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Pashaliks" title="Albanian Pashaliks">Pashaliks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Albanian_Beys" title="Massacre of the Albanian Beys">Massacre of the <i>beys</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_National_Awakening" title="Albanian National Awakening">National Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolts_of_1833%E2%80%931839" title="Albanian revolts of 1833–1839">Revolts of 1833–1839</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Dervish_Cara" title="Uprising of Dervish Cara">Revolt of 1843–1844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1845" title="Albanian revolt of 1845">Revolt of 1845</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1847" title="Albanian revolt of 1847">Revolt of 1847</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Peja" title="League of Peja">League of Peja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1910" title="Albanian revolt of 1910">Revolt of 1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1911" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian revolt of 1911">Revolt of 1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_De%C3%A7iq" title="Battle of Deçiq">Battle of Deçiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1912" title="Albanian revolt of 1912">Revolt of 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Vilayet" title="Albanian Vilayet">Albanian Vilayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Albanian Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Late modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Albania" title="Independent Albania">Independent Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Albania" title="Provisional Government of Albania">Provisional Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Congress_of_Trieste" title="Albanian Congress of Trieste">Congress of Trieste</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Control_Commission_(Albania)" title="International Control Commission (Albania)">International Commission of Control</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_during_the_Balkan_Wars" title="Albania during the Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania" title="Principality of Albania">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_Revolt_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Peasant Revolt in Albania">Peasant Revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_in_Albania" title="World War I in Albania">World War I in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Central_Albania" title="Republic of Central Albania">Republic of Central Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Kor%C3%A7%C3%AB" title="Autonomous Province of Korçë">Republic of Korçë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mirdita" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Mirdita">Republic of Mirdita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_over_Albania" title="Italian protectorate over Albania">Italian protectorate (southern)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Durr%C3%ABs" title="Congress of Durrës">Congress of Durrës</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlora_War" title="Vlora War">Vlora War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Lushnj%C3%AB" title="Congress of Lushnjë">Congress of Lushnjë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_over_Albania" title="Italian protectorate over Albania">Italian protectorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Albania#June_Revolution" title="History of Albania">June Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania" title="Principality of Albania">Principality (Regency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Republic_(1925%E2%80%931928)" title="Albanian 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title="List of Albanian monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_name" title="Albanian name">Names</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Albanian_history" title="Timeline of Albanian history">Timeline</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output 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in Albania">Italian colonists in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Italian invasion of Albania</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/heraldry/comments/x3j4gt/symbols_of_the_albanian_kingdom_19391943/">"Symbols of the Albanian Kingdom (1939–1943)"</a>. September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Symbols+of+the+Albanian+Kingdom+%281939%E2%80%931943%29&rft.date=2022-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddit.com%2Fr%2Fheraldry%2Fcomments%2Fx3j4gt%2Fsymbols_of_the_albanian_kingdom_19391943%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SoldatenAtlas-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SoldatenAtlas_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SoldatenAtlas_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Tornisterschrift-des-Oberkommandos-der-Wehrmacht-Soldaten-Atlas/page/n27/mode/2up"><i>Soldaten-Atlas (Tornisterschrift des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht, Heft 39)</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bibliographisches_Institut" title="Bibliographisches Institut">Bibliographisches Institut</a>. 1941. p. 32.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Soldaten-Atlas+%28Tornisterschrift+des+Oberkommandos+der+Wehrmacht%2C+Heft+39%29&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Bibliographisches+Institut&rft.date=1941&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FTornisterschrift-des-Oberkommandos-der-Wehrmacht-Soldaten-Atlas%2Fpage%2Fn27%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Italy,_Greater_Albania_and_Kosovo_1939-1943-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Italy,_Greater_Albania_and_Kosovo_1939-1943_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMicheletta2007" class="citation cs2">Micheletta, Luca (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/4093074">"Questioni storiche: Italy, Greater Albania and Kosovo 1939–1943"</a>, <i>Nuova Rivista Storica, 2/2013</i>, Universita degli studi di Roma La Sapienza: 521–542</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuova+Rivista+Storica%2C+2%2F2013&rft.atitle=Questioni+storiche%3A+Italy%2C+Greater+Albania+and+Kosovo+1939%E2%80%931943&rft.pages=521-542&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Micheletta&rft.aufirst=Luca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F4093074&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Historični_seminar_10-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Historični_seminar_10_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPapa_Pandelejmoni2012" class="citation cs2">Papa Pandelejmoni, Enriketa (2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HrizKUHOmU0C&pg=PA76"><i>Doing politics in Albania doing World War II: The case of Mustafa Merlika Kruja fascist collaboration</i></a>, Založba ZRC, ZRC SAZU, pp. 67–83, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9612544010" title="Special:BookSources/978-9612544010"><bdi>978-9612544010</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Doing+politics+in+Albania+doing+World+War+II%3A+The+case+of+Mustafa+Merlika+Kruja+fascist+collaboration&rft.pages=67-83&rft.pub=Zalo%C5%BEba+ZRC%2C+ZRC+SAZU&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-9612544010&rft.aulast=Papa+Pandelejmoni&rft.aufirst=Enriketa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHrizKUHOmU0C%26pg%3DPA76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Axis_Rule_in_Occupied_Europe-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Axis_Rule_in_Occupied_Europe_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Axis_Rule_in_Occupied_Europe_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLemkinPower2008" class="citation cs2">Lemkin, Raphael; Power, Samantha (2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y0in2wOY-W0C"><i>Axis Rule in Occupied Europe</i></a>, The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., pp. 99–107, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1584779018" title="Special:BookSources/978-1584779018"><bdi>978-1584779018</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Axis+Rule+in+Occupied+Europe&rft.pages=99-107&rft.pub=The+Lawbook+Exchange%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1584779018&rft.aulast=Lemkin&rft.aufirst=Raphael&rft.au=Power%2C+Samantha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy0in2wOY-W0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigel_Thomas_2001._Pp._17_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nigel Thomas. <i>Armies in the Balkans 1914–18</i>. Osprey Publishing, 2001. p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKane2014" class="citation book cs1">Kane, Robert B. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BQXHEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT29">"Albania, Italian occupation of, 1939"</a>. In Hall, Richard C. (ed.). <i>War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia</i>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9798216163312" title="Special:BookSources/9798216163312"><bdi>9798216163312</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albania%2C+Italian+occupation+of%2C+1939&rft.btitle=War+in+the+Balkans%3A+An+Encyclopedic+History+from+the+Fall+of+the+Ottoman+Empire+to+the+Breakup+of+Yugoslavia&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9798216163312&rft.aulast=Kane&rft.aufirst=Robert+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBQXHEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007389-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007389_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007389_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPearson2007">Pearson 2007</a>, p. 389.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fischer_1999_70–73-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fischer_1999_70–73_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fischer_1999_70–73_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer1999" class="citation cs2">Fischer, Bernd Jürgen (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P-MiG9ngCp8C"><i>Albania at War, 1939–1945</i></a>, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, pp. 70–73, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1850655312" title="Special:BookSources/978-1850655312"><bdi>978-1850655312</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania+at+War%2C+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=70-73&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1850655312&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Bernd+J%C3%BCrgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP-MiG9ngCp8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378,_389-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378,_389_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPearson2007">Pearson 2007</a>, p. 378, 389.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Aristotle_Kallis" title="Aristotle Kallis">Aristotle A. Kallis</a>. <i>Fascist ideology: territory and expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922–1945</i>. London: Routledge, 2000. p. 132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zara S. Steiner. <i>The lights that failed: European international history, 1919–1933</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. p. 499.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roy_Palmer_Domenico_2002._Pp._74-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roy_Palmer_Domenico_2002._Pp._74_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roy_Palmer_Domenico_2002._Pp._74_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Roy Palmer Domenico. <i>Remaking Italy in the twentieth century</i>. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2002. p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007378_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPearson2007">Pearson 2007</a>, p. 378.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007351-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007351_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPearson2007">Pearson 2007</a>, p. 351.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearson2007396-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPearson2007396_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPearson2007">Pearson 2007</a>, p. 396.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Invoking_Humanity-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Invoking_Humanity_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Invoking_Humanity_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZolo2002" class="citation book cs1">Zolo, Danilo (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=50XUAwAAQBAJ"><i>Invoking Humanity: War, Law, and Global Order</i></a>. London; New York: Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780826456564" title="Special:BookSources/9780826456564"><bdi>9780826456564</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Invoking+Humanity%3A+War%2C+Law%2C+and+Global+Order&rft.place=London%3B+New+York&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780826456564&rft.aulast=Zolo&rft.aufirst=Danilo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D50XUAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn0-395-41685-X-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-395-41685-X_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeegan,_JohnChurchill,_Winston1986" class="citation book cs1">Keegan, John; Churchill, Winston (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e0_3Nrc8D0wC&pg=PA314"><i>The Second World War (Six Volume Boxed Set)</i></a>. Boston: Mariner Books. p. 314. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/039541685X" title="Special:BookSources/039541685X"><bdi>039541685X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Second+World+War+%28Six+Volume+Boxed+Set%29&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=314&rft.pub=Mariner+Books&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=039541685X&rft.au=Keegan%2C+John&rft.au=Churchill%2C+Winston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De0_3Nrc8D0wC%26pg%3DPA314&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn0-8240-7029-1-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-8240-7029-1_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZabecki,_David_T.1999" class="citation book cs1">Zabecki, David T. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gYDN-UfehEEC&q=albania+%22Italian+protectorate%22&pg=PA1353"><i>World War II in Europe: an encyclopedia</i></a>. New York: Garland Pub. p. 1353. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0824070291" title="Special:BookSources/0824070291"><bdi>0824070291</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+War+II+in+Europe%3A+an+encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1353&rft.pub=Garland+Pub&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0824070291&rft.au=Zabecki%2C+David+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgYDN-UfehEEC%26q%3Dalbania%2B%2522Italian%2Bprotectorate%2522%26pg%3DPA1353&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kallis132-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kallis132_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kallis132_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKallis2000" class="citation cs2">Kallis, Aristotle A. (2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BeeRQHDOKXQC"><i>Fascist ideology: territory and expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922–1945</i></a>, Routledge, p. 132, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415216128" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415216128"><bdi>978-0415216128</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fascist+ideology%3A+territory+and+expansionism+in+Italy+and+Germany%2C+1922%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0415216128&rft.aulast=Kallis&rft.aufirst=Aristotle+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBeeRQHDOKXQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteiner2005" class="citation cs2">Steiner, Zara S. (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V00vGP4TobwC"><i>The lights that failed: European international history, 1919–1933</i></a>, Oxford University Press, p. 499, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198221142" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198221142"><bdi>978-0198221142</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+lights+that+failed%3A+European+international+history%2C+1919%E2%80%931933&rft.pages=499&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0198221142&rft.aulast=Steiner&rft.aufirst=Zara+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV00vGP4TobwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zog-I">"Zog I | king of Albania"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Zog+I+%7C+king+of+Albania&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FZog-I&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Raphaël_Lemkin_2005._Pp._102_23-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Raphaël Lemkin. <i>Axis Rule in Occupied Europe</i>. Slark, New Jersey: The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 2005. p. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCullhaj2016" class="citation book cs1">Cullhaj, Florian (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XwtDDwAAQBAJ&dq=mussolini+italianize+albanians&pg=PA42"><i>Democratization from within: Political Culture and the Consolidation of Democracy in Post-Communist Albania</i></a>. Edizioni Nuova Cultura. p. 42. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8868128258" title="Special:BookSources/978-8868128258"><bdi>978-8868128258</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democratization+from+within%3A+Political+Culture+and+the+Consolidation+of+Democracy+in+Post-Communist+Albania&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Edizioni+Nuova+Cultura&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-8868128258&rft.aulast=Cullhaj&rft.aufirst=Florian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXwtDDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dmussolini%2Bitalianize%2Balbanians%26pg%3DPA42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn1-84511-104-4-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isbn1-84511-104-4_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOwen_Pearson2006" class="citation book cs1">Owen Pearson (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P3knunC7z_oC&pg=PA167"><i>Albania in the Twentieth Century, A History : Volume II: Albania in Occupation and War, 1939–45</i></a>. London: I. B. Tauris. p. 167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1845111044" title="Special:BookSources/1845111044"><bdi>1845111044</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania+in+the+Twentieth+Century%2C+A+History+%3A+Volume+II%3A+Albania+in+Occupation+and+War%2C+1939%E2%80%9345&rft.place=London&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1845111044&rft.au=Owen+Pearson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP3knunC7z_oC%26pg%3DPA167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearson2006" class="citation book cs1">Pearson, Owen (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P3knunC7z_oC&pg=PA433"><i>Albania in Occupation and War: From Fascism to Communism 1940–1945</i></a>. Bloomsbury Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1845111045" title="Special:BookSources/978-1845111045"><bdi>978-1845111045</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania+in+Occupation+and+War%3A+From+Fascism+to+Communism+1940%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1845111045&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP3knunC7z_oC%26pg%3DPA433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKallis2000" class="citation cs2">Kallis, Aristotle A. (2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BeeRQHDOKXQC"><i>Fascist ideology: territory and expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922–1945</i></a>, Routledge, pp. 132–133, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415216128" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415216128"><bdi>978-0415216128</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fascist+ideology%3A+territory+and+expansionism+in+Italy+and+Germany%2C+1922%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=132-133&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0415216128&rft.aulast=Kallis&rft.aufirst=Aristotle+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBeeRQHDOKXQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fascism's_European_empire-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fascism's_European_empire_28-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodogno2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Davide_Rodogno" title="Davide Rodogno">Rodogno, Davide</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZcUNELPsQQsC"><i>Fascism's European empire: Italian occupation during the Second World War</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84515-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84515-1"><bdi>978-0-521-84515-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fascism%27s+European+empire%3A+Italian+occupation+during+the+Second+World+War&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-521-84515-1&rft.aulast=Rodogno&rft.aufirst=Davide&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZcUNELPsQQsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer1999" class="citation cs2">Fischer, Bernd Jürgen (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P-MiG9ngCp8C"><i>Albania at War, 1939–1945</i></a>, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, pp. 73–79, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1850655312" title="Special:BookSources/978-1850655312"><bdi>978-1850655312</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania+at+War%2C+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=73-79&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1850655312&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Bernd+J%C3%BCrgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP-MiG9ngCp8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Piero_Sereni" class="extiw" title="it:Angelo Piero Sereni">Angelo Piero Sereni</a>, "The Legal Status of Albania", <i>The American Political Science Review</i> <b>35</b> 2 (1941): 317.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pieter Hidri, <i>General Prenk Pervizi</i>, Tirana, Toena, 2002.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julian Amery, <i>The sons of the Eagle</i>, London, 1946, s. 302–306</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartucci2014" class="citation journal cs1">Martucci, Donato (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/231336883.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Le terre albanesi redente". La Ciameria tra irredentismo albanese e propaganda fascista"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Palaver</i>. <b>3</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salento" title="University of Salento">University of Salento</a>: 168 – via <a href="/wiki/CORE_(research_service)" title="CORE (research service)">CORE</a>. <q>E così ovunque si recasse nella regione. Persino in Albania, a Delvino e Saranda, non erano convinti che fosse opportuno ingrandire l'Albania verso sud, con l'annessione di territori abitati nella quasi totalità da greci.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palaver&rft.atitle=%22Le+terre+albanesi+redente%22.+La+Ciameria+tra+irredentismo+albanese+e+propaganda+fascista&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=168&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Martucci&rft.aufirst=Donato&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F231336883.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManta2009" class="citation journal cs1">Manta, Eleftheria K. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/7570145">"The Çams of Albania and the Greek State (1923–1945)"</a>. <i>Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs</i>. <b>29</b> (4): 523–535. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13602000903411424">10.1080/13602000903411424</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1360-2004">1360-2004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Muslim+Minority+Affairs&rft.atitle=The+%C3%87ams+of+Albania+and+the+Greek+State+%281923%E2%80%931945%29&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=523-535&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13602000903411424&rft.issn=1360-2004&rft.aulast=Manta&rft.aufirst=Eleftheria+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F7570145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBazylerBoydNelson2019" class="citation book cs1">Bazyler, Michael J.; Boyd, Kathryn Lee; Nelson, Kristen L. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D9F2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1"><i>Searching for Justice After the Holocaust: Fulfilling the Terezin Declaration and Immovable Property Restitution</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0190923068" title="Special:BookSources/978-0190923068"><bdi>978-0190923068</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Searching+for+Justice+After+the+Holocaust%3A+Fulfilling+the+Terezin+Declaration+and+Immovable+Property+Restitution&rft.pages=1-2&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0190923068&rft.aulast=Bazyler&rft.aufirst=Michael+J.&rft.au=Boyd%2C+Kathryn+Lee&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Kristen+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD9F2DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenitch1996" class="citation book cs1">Denitch, Bogdan Denis (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v-VWhYkECOMC&pg=PA118"><i>Ethnic Nationalism: The Tragic Death of Yugoslavia</i></a>. University of Minnesota Press. p. 118. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0816629473" title="Special:BookSources/978-0816629473"><bdi>978-0816629473</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Nationalism%3A+The+Tragic+Death+of+Yugoslavia&rft.pages=118&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0816629473&rft.aulast=Denitch&rft.aufirst=Bogdan+Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv-VWhYkECOMC%26pg%3DPA118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramet-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ramet_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramet_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamet2006" class="citation book cs1">Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FTw3lEqi2-oC&pg=PA114"><i>The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918–2005</i></a>. Indiana University Press. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0253346568" title="Special:BookSources/978-0253346568"><bdi>978-0253346568</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Three+Yugoslavias%3A+State-building+and+Legitimation%2C+1918%E2%80%932005&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0253346568&rft.aulast=Ramet&rft.aufirst=Sabrina+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFTw3lEqi2-oC%26pg%3DPA114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinos2018" class="citation book cs1">Pinos, Jaume Castan (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qCZxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT53"><i>Kosovo and the Collateral Effects of Humanitarian Intervention</i></a>. Routledge. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1351374767" title="Special:BookSources/978-1351374767"><bdi>978-1351374767</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kosovo+and+the+Collateral+Effects+of+Humanitarian+Intervention&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1351374767&rft.aulast=Pinos&rft.aufirst=Jaume+Castan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqCZxDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntonijević2009" class="citation book cs1">Antonijević, Nenad (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muzejgenocida.rs/images/izdanja/Antonijevic,%20Nenad,%20Albanski%20zlocini.pdf"><i>Албански злочини над Србима на Косову и Метохији у Другом светском рату, документа</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Muzej žrtava genocida. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8690632992" title="Special:BookSources/978-8690632992"><bdi>978-8690632992</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4+%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83+%D0%B8+%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B8+%D1%83+%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%2C+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Muzej+%C5%BErtava+genocida&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-8690632992&rft.aulast=Antonijevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Nenad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muzejgenocida.rs%2Fimages%2Fizdanja%2FAntonijevic%2C%2520Nenad%2C%2520Albanski%2520zlocini.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer1999" class="citation book cs1">Fischer, Bernd Jürgen (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P-MiG9ngCp8C"><i>Albania at War, 1939–1945</i></a>. Hurst. p. 238. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1850655312" title="Special:BookSources/978-1850655312"><bdi>978-1850655312</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania+at+War%2C+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=238&rft.pub=Hurst&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1850655312&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Bernd+J%C3%BCrgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP-MiG9ngCp8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBataković1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bataković, Dušan T. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rJC_ZjQCSoEC&pg=PA43"><i>Kosovo: la spirale de la haine: les faits, les acteurs, l'histoire</i></a> (in French). L'Ahe D'Homme. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2825111321" title="Special:BookSources/978-2825111321"><bdi>978-2825111321</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2012</span>. <q>On estime que la milice volontaire albanaise Vulnetari (env. 5 000 hommes), assistee per diverses formations paramilitaires, assassina en quatre ans quelque 10 000 Serbs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kosovo%3A+la+spirale+de+la+haine%3A+les+faits%2C+les+acteurs%2C+l%27histoire&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=L%27Ahe+D%27Homme&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-2825111321&rft.aulast=Batakovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Du%C5%A1an+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrJC_ZjQCSoEC%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntonijević" class="citation book cs1">Antonijević, Nenad. <i>Arhivska građa o ljudskim gubicima na Kosovu i Metohiji u Drugome svetskom ratu</i>. p. 479. <q>Najrealnije procene, na osnovu dostupnih arhivskih izvora, ukazuju da je u toku Drugoga svetskog rata na Kosovu i Metohiji život izgubilo oko 10 hiljada Crnogoraca i Srba, među kojima su većina stradali kao žrtve terora i zločina albanskih kvislinga.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arhivska+gra%C4%91a+o+ljudskim+gubicima+na+Kosovu+i+Metohiji+u+Drugome+svetskom+ratu&rft.pages=479&rft.aulast=Antonijevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Nenad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Great Britain, War Office; Italy OR 5301 (1943)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Great Britain, War Office; Albania OR 5824 (1943)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141029135311/http://www.panorama.com.al/2014/04/22/historia-e-ndarjes-administrative-nga-ismail-qemali-ne-92/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Historia e ndarjes administrative nga Ismail Qemali në '92" | Gazeta Panorama"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panorama.com.al/2014/04/22/historia-e-ndarjes-administrative-nga-ismail-qemali-ne-92/">the original</a> on 29 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Historia+e+ndarjes+administrative+nga+Ismail+Qemali+n%C3%AB+%2792%22+%26%23124%3B+Gazeta+Panorama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panorama.com.al%2F2014%2F04%2F22%2Fhistoria-e-ndarjes-administrative-nga-ismail-qemali-ne-92%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Davide_Rodogno_Pp._293-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Davide_Rodogno_Pp._293_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davide Rodogno. Fascism's European empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 293.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearson2007" class="citation book cs1">Pearson, Owen (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4YPWAQAACAAJ"><i>Albania in the Twentieth Century, A History: 3 Volume Set</i></a>. I. B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781845110161" title="Special:BookSources/9781845110161"><bdi>9781845110161</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania+in+the+Twentieth+Century%2C+A+History%3A+3+Volume+Set&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781845110161&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4YPWAQAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHibbert1991" class="citation book cs1">Hibbert, Reginald (1991). <i>Albania's National Liberation Struggle: The Bitter Victory</i>. Pinter Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780861871094" title="Special:BookSources/9780861871094"><bdi>9780861871094</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania%27s+National+Liberation+Struggle%3A+The+Bitter+Victory&rft.pub=Pinter+Publishers&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780861871094&rft.aulast=Hibbert&rft.aufirst=Reginald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AItalian+protectorate+of+Albania+%281939%E2%80%931943%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002075018/http://www.archivi.beniculturali.it/DGA-free/Strumenti/Strumenti_CLXXIII.pdf">Official Italian documents about the union between Italy and Albania (in Italian)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701005927/http://www.terra.es/personal7/jqvaraderey/194145fc.gif">Map of Albania during World War II</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz/20thCentAlbania.jpg">Map of Albania during World War II</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110815232201/http://academic.evergreen.edu/g/grossmaz/20thCentAlbania.jpg">Archived</a> 15 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anamnesis.info/resources/Albania_during_WW2.gif">Map of Albania during World War II</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardiaei" title="Ardiaei">Ardiaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanoi" title="Albanoi">Albanoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantes_(tribe)" title="Amantes (tribe)">Amantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantini" title="Amantini">Amantini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaites" title="Balaites">Balaites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bylliones" title="Bylliones">Bylliones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassaretii" title="Dassaretii">Dassaretii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchele" title="Enchele">Enchele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labeatae" title="Labeatae">Labeatae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthini" title="Parthini">Parthini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taulantii" title="Taulantii">Taulantii</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_principalities" title="Albanian principalities">Middle Ages</a><br />(1190–1385)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Arbanon" title="Principality of Arbanon">Principality of Arbanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Kingdom of Albania (medieval)">Kingdom of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despotate_of_Arta" title="Despotate of Arta">Despotate of Arta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Kastrioti" title="House of Kastrioti">House of Kastrioti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albania_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania under the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman period</a><br />(1385–1912)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg%27s_rebellion" title="Skanderbeg's rebellion">Skanderbeg's rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanun_(Albania)" title="Kanun (Albania)">Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABni_Council" title="Arbëni Council">Arbëni Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamization_of_Albania" title="Islamization of Albania">Islamization of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Pashaliks" title="Albanian Pashaliks">Albanian Pashaliks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Albanian_Beys" title="Massacre of the Albanian Beys">Massacre of the Albanian Beys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolts_of_1833%E2%80%931839" title="Albanian revolts of 1833–1839">Revolts of 1833–1839</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Dervish_Cara" title="Uprising of Dervish Cara">Uprising of Dervish Cara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_National_Awakening" title="Albanian National Awakening">Albanian National Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Manastir" title="Congress of Manastir">Congress of Manastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1910" title="Albanian revolt of 1910">Revolt of 1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malissori_uprising" title="Malissori uprising">Malissori uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taksim_meeting" title="Taksim meeting">Taksim meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1912" title="Albanian revolt of 1912">Revolt of 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimza_Government" title="Kimza Government">Kimza Government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Albania" title="Independent Albania">Independence</a><br />(1912–present)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Albanian Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himni_i_Flamurit" title="Himni i Flamurit">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Albania" title="Provisional Government of Albania">Provisional Government of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_during_the_Balkan_Wars" title="Albania during the Balkan Wars">Albania during the Balkan Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Central_Albania" title="Republic of Central Albania">Republic of Central Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania" title="Principality of Albania">Principality of Albania (1914–25)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_in_Albania" title="World War I in Albania">World War I in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Kor%C3%A7%C3%AB" title="Autonomous Province of Korçë">Autonomous Province of Korçë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_over_Albania" title="Italian protectorate over Albania">Italian protectorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlora_War" title="Vlora War">Vlora War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mirdita" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Mirdita">Republic of Mirdita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Republic_(1925%E2%80%931928)" title="Albanian Republic (1925–1928)">Albanian Republic (1925–1928)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1928%E2%80%931939)" title="Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)">Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Union with Italian kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Italian invasion of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Albania" title="German occupation of Albania">German Nazi occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Albania" title="The Holocaust in Albania">The Holocaust in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Albania" title="World War II in Albania">Albanian resistance during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Communist Albania (1946–91)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Orthography_Congress" title="Albanian Orthography Congress">Orthography Congress (1972)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Post-Communist_Albania" title="History of Post-Communist Albania">Post-Communist Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Albanian_civil_unrest" title="1997 Albanian civil unrest">1997 Civil Unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Albania–NATO relations">NATO membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Albania_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Albania to the European Union">EU Accession</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Albanians" title="Origin of the Albanians">Origins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Albanian_history" title="Timeline of Albanian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archives_in_Albania" title="List of archives in Albania">Archives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="383" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Albania" title="Geography of Albania">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Landscape</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Albania" title="List of mountains in Albania">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Albania" title="List of rivers of Albania">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Albania" title="List of lakes of Albania">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Albania" title="List of islands of Albania">Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Albania" title="Environment of Albania">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Albania" title="Climate of Albania">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Albania" title="Biodiversity of Albania">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Albania" title="Category:Fauna of Albania">Habitat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Albania" title="Protected areas of Albania">Protected areas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Albania" title="Politics of Albania">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Albania)" title="Council of Ministers (Albania)">Government</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Category:Government_agencies_of_Albania" title="Category:Government agencies of Albania">agencies</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">Head of state</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Albania" title="List of heads of state of Albania">list</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Albania" title="Foreign relations of Albania">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Albania" title="List of political parties in Albania">Political parties</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Treaties_of_Albania" title="Category:Treaties of Albania">Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Albania" title="Visa policy of Albania">Visa policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Albania" title="Judiciary of Albania">Judiciary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vetting_Institutions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Vetting Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Appellate_College_(Albania)" title="Special Appellate College (Albania)">KPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institution_of_Public_Commissioners_(Albania)" title="Institution of Public Commissioners (Albania)">IKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monitoring_Operation_(Albania)" title="International Monitoring Operation (Albania)">ONM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Qualification_Commission_(Albania)" title="Independent Qualification Commission (Albania)">KPK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Albania" title="Constitution of Albania">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Albania" title="Corruption in Albania">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EURALIUS" title="EURALIUS">EURALIUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPAK" class="mw-redirect" title="SPAK">SPAK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_(Albania)" title="Prosecutor General (Albania)">Prosecutor General</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Albania" title="Administrative divisions of Albania">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Albania" title="NUTS statistical regions of Albania">NUTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Albania" title="Counties of Albania">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Albania" title="Municipalities of Albania">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Albania" title="List of cities and towns in Albania">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_Albania" title="Communes of Albania">Communes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_of_Albania" title="Villages of Albania">Villages</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maps_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Maps of Albania">Maps</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Legislature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Albania" title="Elections in Albania">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Albania" title="Parliament of Albania">Assembly</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Albania" title="Speaker of the Parliament of Albania">speakers</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_members_of_the_Parliament_of_Albania" title="Category:Lists of members of the Parliament of Albania">Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Albania)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Albania)">Opposition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Albania" title="Human rights in Albania">Human rights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Albania" title="Abortion in Albania">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Albania" title="Capital punishment in Albania">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assassinations_in_Albania" title="List of assassinations in Albania">Assassinations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Albania">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avokati_i_Popullit" title="Avokati i Popullit">Ombudsman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Police_(Albania)" title="State Police (Albania)">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_mafia" title="Albanian mafia">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Albania" title="Prisons in Albania">Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_crossings_of_Albania" title="Border crossings of Albania">Border crossings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Albania" title="Banking in Albania">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_lek" title="Albanian lek">Lek <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Albania" title="Taxation in Albania">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Albania" title="Trade unions in Albania">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Supreme_Audit_(Albania)" title="State Supreme Audit (Albania)">State Supreme Audit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Albania" title="List of shopping malls in Albania">Shopping centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_supermarket_chains_in_Albania" title="List of supermarket chains in Albania">Supermarkets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Albania" title="Agriculture in Albania">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Albania" title="Healthcare in Albania">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Albania" title="List of companies of Albania">Companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Albania" title="Renewable energy in Albania">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Operators" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Operators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Power_Corporation" title="Albanian Power Corporation">KESH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_System_Operator_(Albania)" title="Transmission System Operator (Albania)">OST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operatori_i_Shp%C3%ABrndarjes_s%C3%AB_Energjis%C3%AB_Elektrike" title="Operatori i Shpërndarjes së Energjisë Elektrike">OSHEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Regulatory_Authority_(Albania)" title="Energy Regulatory Authority (Albania)">ERE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Albania" title="List of power stations in Albania">Hydropower plants</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Natural resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_and_gas_fields_in_Albania" title="List of oil and gas fields in Albania">Oil and gas</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Albania" title="Category:Mining in Albania">Mining</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Albania" title="Highways in Albania">Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Albania" title="List of airports in Albania">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_Albania" title="List of ports in Albania">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Albania" title="Rail transport in Albania">Railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Albania" title="List of bridges in Albania">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tunnels_in_Albania" title="List of tunnels in Albania">Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Albania" title="List of tallest buildings in Albania">Highrises</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures_in_Albania" title="List of tallest structures in Albania">structures</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Albania" title="Telecommunications in Albania">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posta_Shqiptare" title="Posta Shqiptare">Posta Shqiptare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Albania" title="Squatting in Albania">Squatting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Albania" title="Tourism in Albania">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Monuments" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_in_Albania" title="List of archaeological sites in Albania">Archaeological sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Albania" title="List of castles in Albania">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Albania" title="List of mosques in Albania">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tekkes_in_Albania" title="List of tekkes in Albania">Tekkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_churches_in_Albania" title="List of churches in Albania">Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_in_Albania" title="List of lighthouses in Albania">Lighthouses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Adriatic_Sea_Coast" title="Albanian Adriatic Sea Coast">Adriatic Sea Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Ionian_Sea_Coast" title="Albanian Ionian Sea Coast">Ionian Sea Coast</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Albanian_Riviera" title="Albanian Riviera">riviera</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Albania" title="List of beaches in Albania">Beaches</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:High-contrast-camera-photo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/17px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/26px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/34px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Photographs_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Photographs of Albania">Images of Albania</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Albania" title="Category:Society of Albania">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Albania" title="Demographics of Albania">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_in_Albania" title="Census in Albania">Census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_tribes" title="Albanian tribes">Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nobility" title="Albanian nobility">Noble families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_diaspora" title="Albanian diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Albania" title="Women in Albania">Women</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_art" title="Albanian art">Art</a> <small><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_galleries_in_Albania" title="List of art galleries in Albania">(galleries)</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Albania" title="Architecture of Albania">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Albania" title="Photography in Albania">Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Albania" title="List of museums in Albania">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_Albania" title="List of theatres in Albania">Theatres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Albania" title="Education in Albania">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_alphabet" title="Albanian alphabet">Alphabet</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Albanian_scripts" title="Category:Albanian scripts">scripts</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abetare" title="Abetare">Abetare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_literature" title="Albanian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Research_institutes_in_Albania" title="Category:Research institutes in Albania">Research institutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Albania" title="List of libraries in Albania">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Albania" title="List of universities in Albania">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_publishing_companies_of_Albania" title="List of publishing companies of Albania">Publishers</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albanian_proverbs" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Albanian proverbs">Proverbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanology" title="Albanology">Albanology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Tradition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_folk_beliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian folk beliefs">Folk beliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besa_(Albanian_culture)" title="Besa (Albanian culture)">Besa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oda_(Albania)" title="Oda (Albania)">Oda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Albania" title="Secularism in Albania">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Albania" title="Religion in Albania">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevruz_in_Albania" title="Nevruz in Albania">Nevruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_sworn_virgins" title="Balkan sworn virgins">Sworn virgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Albanian_clothing" title="Traditional Albanian clothing">Costumes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qeleshe" title="Qeleshe">Qeleshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella">Fustanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhubleta" title="Xhubleta">Xhubleta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brez_(clothing)" title="Brez (clothing)">Brez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinga" title="Opinga">Opinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhamadan" title="Xhamadan">Xhamadan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wiktionary page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gjell%C3%AB" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:gjellë">Gjellë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tav%C3%AB_kosi" title="Tavë kosi">Tavë kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuni" title="Kabuni">Kabuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakia" title="Rakia">Raki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Beer in Albania">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_wine" title="Albanian wine">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognac_Sk%C3%ABnderbeu" title="Cognac Skënderbeu">Cognac Skënderbeu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Football</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania_national_football_team" title="Albania national football team">National team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_football_clubs_in_Albania" title="List of football clubs in Albania">Clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Albania_international_footballers" title="List of Albania international footballers">Players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stadiums_in_Albania" title="List of stadiums in Albania">Stadiums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Other sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Weightlifting_Federation" title="Albanian Weightlifting Federation">Weightlifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Athletics_Federation" title="Albanian Athletics Federation">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Cycling_Federation" title="Albanian Cycling Federation">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Basketball_Federation" title="Albanian Basketball Federation">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Volleyball_Federation" title="Albanian Volleyball Federation">Volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Swimming_Federation" title="Albanian Swimming Federation">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_at_the_Olympics" title="Albania at the Olympics">Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_indoor_arenas_in_Albania" title="List of indoor arenas in Albania">Indoor arenas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Albania" title="Music of Albania">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Albania" title="Television in Albania">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Albania" title="List of radio stations in Albania">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Albania" title="Cinema of Albania">Cinema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Symbols_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Symbols of Albania">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_heraldry" title="Albanian heraldry">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Albania" title="Flag of Albania">Flag</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Albanian_flags" title="List of Albanian flags">list</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania" title="Coat of arms of Albania">Coat of arms</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Albania" title="Armorial of Albania">armorial</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitaph_of_Gllavenica" title="Epitaph of Gllavenica">Epitaph of Gllavenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Sign_Language" title="Albanian Sign Language">Sign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations_and_medals_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders, decorations and medals of Albania">Orders, decorations and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_passport" title="Albanian passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.al" title=".al">.al</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Albania" title="Public holidays in Albania">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Albania" title="Smoking in Albania">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_law_of_Albania" title="Copyright law of Albania">Copyright law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">Index</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Albania" title="Bibliography of Albania">Bibliography</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Albania" title="Category:Albania">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany,_Fascist_Italy_and_Imperial_Japan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Collaboration_with_Axis_Powers" title="Template:Collaboration with Axis Powers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Collaboration_with_Axis_Powers" title="Template talk:Collaboration with Axis Powers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Collaboration_with_Axis_Powers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Collaboration with Axis Powers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany,_Fascist_Italy_and_Imperial_Japan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany_and_Fascist_Italy" title="Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy">Collaboration with Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Imperial_Japan" title="Collaboration with Imperial Japan">Imperial Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists by <a href="/wiki/Axis_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis forces">Axis forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy" title="Fascist Italy">Italian</a> collaborationists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Albanian collaborators <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Fascist_Militia" title="Albanian Fascist Militia">Albanian Fascist Militia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balli_Komb%C3%ABtar" title="Balli Kombëtar">Balli Kombëtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanian_collaboration_with_the_Axis" title="Cham Albanian collaboration with the Axis">Cham Albanian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_Army" title="Armistice Army">Armistice Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battaglione_Azad_Hindoustan" title="Battaglione Azad Hindoustan">Battaglione Azad Hindoustan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Home_Defence" title="Belarusian Home Defence">Belarusian Home Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Division" title="Blue Division">Blue Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetniks" title="Chetniks">Chetniks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Armed_Forces_(Independent_State_of_Croatia)" title="Croatian Armed Forces (Independent State of Croatia)">Croatian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Forces" title="Finnish Defence Forces">Finnish Defence Forces</a> <small>(until 1944)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Square_(Iraq)" title="Golden Square (Iraq)">Golden Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiwi_(volunteer)" title="Hiwi (volunteer)">Hiwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmykian_Cavalry_Corps" title="Kalmykian Cavalry Corps">Kalmykian Cavalry Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Latvian Auxiliary Police">Latvian Auxiliary Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Committee_of_Azerbaijan" title="National Committee of Azerbaijan">National Committee of Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Army" title="National Republican Army">National Republican Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands">National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Armed_Forces" title="Romanian Armed Forces">Romanian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungarian_Army" title="Royal Hungarian Army">Royal Hungarian Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Iraqi_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Iraqi Army">Royal Iraqi Army</a></li> <li>Russian collaborators <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Liberation_Army" title="Russian Liberation Army">Russian Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Russian People's Liberation Army">Russian People's Liberation Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Expeditionary_Army_Group" title="Slovak Expeditionary Army Group">Slovak Expeditionary Army Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_Home_Guard" title="Slovene Home Guard">Slovene Home Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists" title="Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists">Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army" title="Ukrainian Insurgent Army">Ukrainian Insurgent Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS_foreign_volunteers_and_conscripts" title="Waffen-SS foreign volunteers and conscripts">Waffen-SS foreign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht_foreign_volunteers_and_conscripts" title="Wehrmacht foreign volunteers and conscripts">Wehrmacht foreign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Korps" title="Afrika Korps">Afrika Korps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_enrolment_in_German-occupied_Poland" title="Military enrolment in German-occupied Poland">Polish Wehrmacht Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostlegionen" title="Ostlegionen">Ostlegionen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japanese</a> collaborationists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arakan Defense Army</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_Army" title="Armistice Army">Armistice Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Columns" title="Black Columns">Black Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burma_Independence_Army" title="Burma Independence Army">Burma Independence Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_Wars" title="Xinjiang Wars">Central Asian collaborators</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Turkestan_independence_movement" title="East Turkestan independence movement">East Turkestan independence movement</a></li></ul></li> <li>Chin Defense Army</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaborationist_Chinese_Army" title="Collaborationist Chinese Army">Collaborationist Chinese Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defenders_of_the_Homeland" title="Defenders of the Homeland">Defenders of the Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gakutotai" title="Gakutotai">Gakutotai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gando_Special_Force" title="Gando Special Force">Gando Special Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Square_(Iraq)" title="Golden Square (Iraq)">Golden Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiho" title="Heiho">Heiho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Army" title="Indian National Army">Indian National Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Indian_National_Army" title="First Indian National Army">First Indian National Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolian_Army" title="Inner Mongolian Army">Inner Mongolian Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_collaborators_with_Imperial_Japan" title="Korean collaborators with Imperial Japan">Korean collaborators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka_Sama_Samaja_Party" title="Lanka Sama Samaja Party">Lanka Sama Samaja Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makapili" title="Makapili">Makapili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defenders_of_the_Homeland" title="Defenders of the Homeland">Malayan Volunteer Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo_Imperial_Army" title="Manchukuo Imperial Army">Manchukuo Imperial Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Thai_Armed_Forces" title="Royal Thai Armed Forces">Royal Thai Armed Forces</a></li> <li>Russian collaborators <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo_Imperial_Army" title="Manchukuo Imperial Army">Asano Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Fascist_Party" title="Russian Fascist Party">Russian Fascist Party</a></li></ul></li> <li>Taiwanese collaborators <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Imperial_Japan_Serviceman" title="Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman">Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takasago_Volunteers" title="Takasago Volunteers">Takasago Volunteers</a></li></ul></li> <li>Vietnamese collaborators <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam_Quang_Ph%E1%BB%A5c_H%E1%BB%99i" title="Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội">Association for the Restoration of Great Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Youth_(Vietnam)" title="Vanguard Youth (Vietnam)">Vanguard Youth</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists by <a href="/wiki/Axis_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis countries">Axis countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Albania" title="World War II in Albania">Albania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Albania#Collaboration" title="German occupation of Albania">German Albania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Italian Albania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wartime_collaboration_in_the_Baltic_states" title="Wartime collaboration in the Baltic states">Baltic states</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Estonia_during_World_War_II" title="German occupation of Estonia during World War II">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Latvia_during_World_War_II" title="German occupation of Latvia during World War II">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Lithuanian collaboration with Nazi Germany">Lithuania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Belgium_during_World_War_II#Collaboration" title="German occupation of Belgium during World War II">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Burma" title="State of Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_mutiny" title="Cocos Islands mutiny">Ceylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jingwei_regime" title="Wang Jingwei regime">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Turkestan" title="East Turkestan">East Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengjiang" title="Mengjiang">Mongolia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark_in_World_War_II" title="Denmark in World War II">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland_in_World_War_II" title="Finland in World War II">Finland</a> <small>(until 1944)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_State_(1941%E2%80%931944)" title="Hellenic State (1941–1944)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_II" title="Hungary in World War II">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Indochina_in_World_War_II" title="French Indochina in World War II">Indochina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kampuchea_(1945)" title="Kingdom of Kampuchea (1945)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Luang_Prabang_(Japanese_puppet_state)" title="Kingdom of Luang Prabang (Japanese puppet state)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Vietnam" title="Empire of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Iraqi_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1941 Iraqi coup d'état">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Luxembourgish collaboration with Nazi Germany">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar_in_World_War_II" title="Madagascar in World War II">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Malaya" title="Japanese occupation of Malaya">Malaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_in_World_War_II#Collaboration" title="Netherlands in World War II">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisling_regime" title="Quisling regime">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_in_German-occupied_Poland" title="Collaboration in German-occupied Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_II" title="Romania in World War II">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_National_Salvation" title="Government of National Salvation">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Republic_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Slovak Republic (1939–1945)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_in_the_German-occupied_Soviet_Union" title="Collaboration in the German-occupied Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Byelorussian collaboration with Nazi Germany">Byelorussia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Central_Council" title="Belarusian Central Council">Belarus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940%E2%80%931944_insurgency_in_Chechnya" title="1940–1944 insurgency in Chechnya">Chechnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Ukrainian collaboration with Nazi Germany">Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain_during_World_War_II" title="Spain during World War II">Spain</a> <small>(limited)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand_in_World_War_II" title="Thailand in World War II">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_occupied_by_the_Italian_Empire_during_World_War_II" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#d7d7d7;;background:#c3c3c3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_Empire_occupations" title="Template:Italian Empire occupations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italian_Empire_occupations" title="Template talk:Italian Empire occupations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italian_Empire_occupations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italian Empire occupations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_occupied_by_the_Italian_Empire_during_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and territories occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Italian Empire</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Occupied Territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1939%E2%80%9343)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Kingdom (1939–43)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_occupation_of_France" title="Italian occupation of France">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_occupation_of_Corsica" title="Italian occupation of Corsica">Corsica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_State_(1941%E2%80%9344)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic State (1941–44)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Monaco#20th_century" title="History of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Ljubljana" title="Province of Ljubljana">Slovenia</a></li> <li>Spain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_occupation_of_Majorca" title="Italian occupation of Majorca">Majorca</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Dalmatia" title="Governorate of Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_governorate_of_Montenegro" title="Italian governorate of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_National_Fascist_Party_(PNF).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Insignia of Italy"><img alt="National Insignia of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_the_National_Fascist_Party_%28PNF%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_National_Fascist_Party_%28PNF%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_the_National_Fascist_Party_%28PNF%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_National_Fascist_Party_%28PNF%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_the_National_Fascist_Party_%28PNF%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_National_Fascist_Party_%28PNF%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Colonial_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Colonial Empire">Colonial Empire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_concession_of_Tianjin" title="Italian concession of Tianjin">Tientsin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_East_Africa" title="Italian East Africa">Italian East Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Libya" title="Italian Libya">Italian Libya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1448131#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1448131#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1448131#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1351985/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85003191">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11979757c">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11979757c">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4670982">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007293064705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027843297">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)&params=41.5350_N_19.8200_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°32′06″N</span> <span class="longitude">19°49′12″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.5350°N 19.8200°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.5350; 19.8200</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939–1943)&oldid=1260048616">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939–1943)&oldid=1260048616</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Category:Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)">Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1939" title="Category:States and territories established in 1939">States and territories established in 1939</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_1943" title="Category:States and territories disestablished in 1943">States and territories disestablished in 1943</a></li><li><a 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