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Autodesk Media and Entertainment - Wikipedia
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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <!-- version 1.0.2 (change every time you update a partial) --> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><p><b>Autodesk Media and Entertainment</b> is a division of <a href="/wiki/Autodesk" title="Autodesk">Autodesk</a> which offers animation and visual effects products, and was formed by the combination of multiple acquisitions. In 2018, the company began operating as a single operating segment and reporting unit.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Autodesk Media and Entertainment</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autodesk_Logo_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Autodesk_Logo_2021.svg/200px-Autodesk_Logo_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Autodesk_Logo_2021.svg/300px-Autodesk_Logo_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Autodesk_Logo_2021.svg/400px-Autodesk_Logo_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="11"></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a> of <a href="/wiki/Autodesk,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Autodesk, Inc.">Autodesk, Inc.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Computer_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer software">Computer software</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> (1991 as Discreet Logic) <br> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco, California</a> (1996 as Autodesk Kinetix) <br> 2005 as Autodesk Media and Entertainment</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City,_New_York,_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City, New York, United States">New York City, New York, United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maya_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya (software)">Maya</a> <br> Maya LT <br> FBX <br> <a href="/wiki/Softimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Softimage">Softimage</a> <small> (discontinued) </small> <br> <a href="/wiki/3ds_Max" class="mw-redirect" title="3ds Max">3ds Max</a> <br> <a href="/wiki/Mudbox" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudbox">Mudbox</a> <br> Flame <br> <a href="/wiki/Autodesk_Lustre" title="Autodesk Lustre">Lustre</a> <br> Smoke <small> (discontinued) </small> <br> Beast <br>Shotgun <br> Scaleform <br> HumanIK <br> Navigation <br> <a href="/wiki/Arnold_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnold (software)">Arnold</a> <br> <a href="/wiki/Autodesk_MotionBuilder" title="Autodesk MotionBuilder">MotionBuilder</a> <br> Stingray Game Engine <small> (discontinued) </small> <br> Autodesk Media & Entertainment Collection <br> Wwise <small> (under license from <a href="/wiki/Audiokinetic" title="Audiokinetic">Audiokinetic</a>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autodesk.com/industry/media-entertainment">www<wbr></wbr>.autodesk<wbr></wbr>.com<wbr></wbr>/industry<wbr></wbr>/media-entertainment</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Discreet_Logic"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Discreet Logic</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Kinetix"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Kinetix</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Media_and_Entertainment"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Media and Entertainment</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Industry_usage"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Industry usage</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Products"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Products</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Historical"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Historical</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Creative_finishing"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Creative finishing</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discreet_Logic">Discreet Logic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Discreet Logic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Montreal-based Discreet Logic was founded in 1991 by former <a href="/wiki/Softimage_(company)" title="Softimage (company)">Softimage Company</a> sales director Richard Szalwinski, to commercialize the 2D compositor Eddie, licensed from Australian production company <a href="/wiki/Animal_Logic" title="Animal Logic">Animal Logic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eddie was associated with Australian software engineer Bruno Nicoletti, who later founded <a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">visual effects</a> software company <a href="/wiki/The_Foundry_Visionmongers" title="The Foundry Visionmongers">The Foundry</a>, in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England. </p><p>In 1992, Discreet Logic entered into a European distribution agreement with Softimage, and shifted its focus on Flame, one of the first software-only image compositing products, developed by Australian Gary Tregaskis.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flame, which was originally named Flash, was first shown<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at NAB in 1992, ran on the <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics" title="Silicon Graphics">Silicon Graphics</a> platform, and became the company's <a href="/wiki/Flagship_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagship product">flagship product</a>. </p><p>In July 1995, Discreet Logic's <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a> raised about US$40 million. On May 26, 1995, the company acquired the assets of Brughetti Corporation for about CDN$1 million, and in October acquired Computer-und Serviceverwaltungs AG, located in <a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a>, Austria and some software from Innovative Medientechnik-und Planungs-GmbH in <a href="/wiki/Geltendorf" title="Geltendorf">Geltendorf</a>, Germany. After a 2-for-1 <a href="/wiki/Stock_split" title="Stock split">stock split</a> on October 16, 1995, a secondary offering in December 1995 raised an additional $28 million.<sup id="cite_ref-10k1996_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10k1996-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources"><span title="This claim needs a reference to a independent, third-party source. (September 2013)">third-party source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> On April 15, Discreet invested $2.5 million in privately held Essential Communications Corporation.<sup id="cite_ref-10k1996_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10k1996-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources"><span title="This claim needs a reference to a independent, third-party source. (September 2013)">third-party source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kinetix">Kinetix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kinetix" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Autodesk originally created a <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> multimedia unit in 1996 under the name Kinetix to publish <a href="/wiki/Autodesk_3ds_Max" title="Autodesk 3ds Max">3D Studio Max</a>, a product developed by The <a href="/wiki/Yost_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Yost Group">Yost Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hist_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources"><span title="This claim needs a reference to a independent, third-party source. (September 2013)">third-party source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In August 1998, Autodesk announced plans to acquire Discreet Logic and its intent to combine that operation with Kinetix.<sup id="cite_ref-buy_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, it was its largest acquisition, valued at about $410 million by the time it closed in March 1999 (down from an estimated $520 million when announced).<sup id="cite_ref-buy_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new business unit was named the Discreet division.<sup id="cite_ref-tree_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tree-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The combined Discreet-branded product catalog then encompassed all the Discreet Logic products, including Flame, Flint, Fire, Smoke, Effect, Edit, and Kinetix's product, including <a href="/wiki/3D_Studio_Max" class="mw-redirect" title="3D Studio Max">3D Studio Max</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lightscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lightscape (page does not exist)">Lightscape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Character_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Character Studio">Character Studio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_and_Entertainment">Media and Entertainment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Media and Entertainment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In March 2005, Autodesk renamed its business unit Autodesk Media and Entertainment and discontinued the Discreet brand (still headquartered in Montreal).<sup id="cite_ref-hist_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through the years, Autodesk augmented its entertainment division with many other acquisitions. One of the most significant was in October 2005, when Autodesk acquired Toronto-based <a href="/wiki/Alias_Systems_Corporation" title="Alias Systems Corporation">Alias Systems Corporation</a> for an estimated $182 million from Accel-KKR, and merged its animation business into its entertainment division.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alias had been part of SGI until 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, it acquired technology of the former <a href="/wiki/Softimage_(company)" title="Softimage (company)">Softimage Company</a> from <a href="/wiki/Avid_Technology" title="Avid Technology">Avid Technology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Autodesk acquired image tools and utilities that use <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud computing</a> called <a href="/wiki/Pixlr" title="Pixlr">Pixlr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry_usage">Industry usage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Industry usage" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>By 2011, these products were used in films that won the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Academy Award for Best Visual Effects">Academy Award for Best Visual Effects</a> for 16 consecutive years.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of <i><a href="/wiki/Avatar_(2009_film)" title="Avatar (2009 film)">Avatar</a>'</i>s visual effects were created with Autodesk media and entertainment software. Autodesk software enabled <i>Avatar</i> director <a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> to aim a camera at actors wearing motion-capture suits in a studio and see them as characters in the fictional world of Pandora in the film.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Autodesk software also played a role in the visual effects of <i><a href="/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland_(2010_film)" title="Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)">Alice in Wonderland</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Curious_Case_of_Benjamin_Button_(film)" title="The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)">The Curious Case of Benjamin Button</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Deathly_Hallows_%E2%80%93_Part_1" title="Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1">Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Inception" title="Inception">Inception</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iron_Man_2" title="Iron Man 2">Iron Man 2</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/King_Kong_(2005_film)" title="King Kong (2005 film)"><i>King Kong</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Gladiator_(2000_film)" title="Gladiator (2000 film)"><i>Gladiator</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Titanic_(1997_film)" title="Titanic (1997 film)">Titanic</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Life_of_Pi_(film)" title="Life of Pi (film)"><i>Life of Pi</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugo_(film)" title="Hugo (film)"><i>Hugo</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Tintin:_The_Secret_of_the_Unicorn" class="mw-redirect" title="The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn">The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn</a></i> and other films.<sup id="cite_ref-Fast_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fast-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2010, <a href="/wiki/Ubisoft" title="Ubisoft">Ubisoft</a> announced that Autodesk's <a href="/wiki/3D_Computer_Aided_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="3D Computer Aided Design">3D</a> gaming technology was used in <i><a href="/wiki/Assassin%27s_Creed:_Brotherhood" title="Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood">Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Products">Products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Products" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>The division's products include <a href="/wiki/Autodesk_Maya" title="Autodesk Maya">Maya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Autodesk_3ds_Max" title="Autodesk 3ds Max">3ds Max</a> (the new name of 3D Studio Max), <a href="/wiki/Softimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Softimage">Softimage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mudbox" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudbox">Mudbox</a>, <a href="/wiki/MotionBuilder" class="mw-redirect" title="MotionBuilder">MotionBuilder</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the game middleware <a href="/wiki/Kynapse" title="Kynapse">Kynapse</a>, and the creative finishing products Flame, Flare, <a href="/wiki/Autodesk_Lustre" title="Autodesk Lustre">Lustre</a>, Smoke,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stingray game engine (discontinued, but still supported until end of subscription). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical">Historical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Historical" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li>Discreet Frost, introduced in 1996, a SGI-based template-based on-air graphics system for news, weather and sports<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Matchmover, now bundled with 3ds Max, Maya and <a href="/wiki/Softimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Softimage">Softimage</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Retimer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retimer (page does not exist)">Retimer</a> and VTour. All acquired from RealViz<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Media Cleaner, a video-encoder for the Mac, and Edit, acquired from <a href="/wiki/Media_100" title="Media 100">Media 100</a> in 2001<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lightscape, real-time radiosity software for <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> acquired in December 1997 by Discreet,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was incorporated in 3ds Max in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Discreet Plasma, released in 2002, a simplified version of 3ds Max for Adobe Flash authoring<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMax" class="mw-redirect" title="GMax">Discreet GMax</a>, a simplified version of 3ds Max customized for <a href="/wiki/Game_modding" class="mw-redirect" title="Game modding">game modders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autodesk_Toxik" title="Autodesk Toxik">Autodesk Toxik</a>, introduced in 2007, compositing software that allowed users to coordinate work on a production.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The software could only be bought for a minimum of 3 PCs, underlining its focus on collaborative, database-driven workflow. With its collaborative functions and databases removed, and renamed "Composite",<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is now bundled with Maya 3ds Max, and Softimage.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combustion_(software)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Combustion (software) (page does not exist)">Combustion</a> - acquired in 1997 as Illuminaire Paint and Composition from Denim Software running on Windows NT and Mac OS.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rebranded as paint* and effect* and integrated into a suite with edit*. Finally unified as Combustion, a desktop shot compositor and motion graphics application for Mac OS and Windows. Shared some technologies and user interface elements with discreet systems-based products (Flame, Smoke).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autodesk_SketchBook_Pro" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodesk SketchBook Pro">SketchBook Pro</a></li> <li>Autodesk Smoke - <a href="/wiki/Non-linear_editing_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-linear editing system">non-linear video</a> editing software that integrates with Flame. When sold as a turnkey system, e.g. with an IBM Linux workstation, 2004 pricing started at US$68,000.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A version for Mac <a href="/wiki/OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="OS X">OS X</a> was announced in 2009, initially priced at US$14,995.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creative_finishing">Creative finishing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Creative finishing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <dl><dt>IFF</dt></dl> <p>Inferno, Flame, and Flint (collectively known as <b>IFF</b>) is a series of <a href="/wiki/Compositing_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Compositing software">compositing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">visual effects</a> applications originally created for <a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS architecture</a> computers from <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics" title="Silicon Graphics">Silicon Graphics</a> (SGI), running <a href="/wiki/Irix" class="mw-redirect" title="Irix">Irix</a>. </p><p>Flame was first released in January 1993; by mid-1995, it had become a market leader in visual effects software, with a price around US$175,000, or US$450,000 with a Silicon Graphics workstation. Time with the software was typically rented at a post-production house with an operator.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Flame software is licensed in a variety of forms, including Flint, a lower-priced version of Flame with fewer functions,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Inferno, introduced in 1995, a version intended for the film market, with a price of about US$225,000 without hardware. Traditionally <a href="/wiki/Inferno_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inferno (software)">Inferno</a> ran on the <a href="/wiki/SGI_Onyx" title="SGI Onyx">SGI Onyx</a> series, while Flame and Flint ran on SGI <a href="/wiki/SGI_Indigo2" class="mw-redirect" title="SGI Indigo2">Indigo²</a> and <a href="/wiki/SGI_Octane" title="SGI Octane">Octane</a> workstations. Flame/Inferno were implemented on <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> in 2006. Autodesk said the use of more powerful hardware allowed complex 3D composites to be rendered more than 20 times faster than on the previous SGI workstations.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first movie to use Flame was <a href="/wiki/Super_Mario_Bros._(film)" title="Super Mario Bros. (film)"><i>Super Mario Bros.</i></a>; the software was then still in <a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#BETA" title="Software release life cycle">beta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The software also saw use on PBS's 1995 graphics package, designed by PMcD Design and animated by Black Logic. </p><p>At the 1998 <a href="/wiki/Academy_Scientific_and_Technical_Award" title="Academy Scientific and Technical Award">Academy Scientific and Technical Awards</a>, Gary Tregaskis (design), Dominique Boisvert, Phillippe Panzini and Andre Le Blanc (development and implementation) received a Scientific and Engineering Award for Inferno and Flame.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Flare</dt></dl> <p>Flare, a software-only subset of Flame for creative assistants, was introduced in 2009 at around one-fifth the cost of a full-featured Flame seat.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Lustre</dt></dl> <p>Lustre is <a href="/wiki/Color_grading" title="Color grading">color grading</a> <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a> originally developed by Mark Jaszberenyi, Gyula Priskin and Tamas Perlaki at Colorfront in Hungary. The application was first packaged as a <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plugin</a> for Flame product under the name "Colorstar" to emulate film type color grading using printer lights controls. It was then developed as a standalone software. It was introduced through British company 5D under the Colossus name in private demonstrations at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibc.org">IBC</a> show in Amsterdam in 2001. Alpha and beta testing were held at Eclair Laboratoires in Paris. During the trials, Colossus was running on the <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a> operating system, but the same code base was also used on the <a href="/wiki/IRIX" title="IRIX">IRIX</a> operating system. </p><p>After the demise of 5D in 2002, Autodesk acquired the license to distribute the Lustre software,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later acquired Colorfront entirely.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2009 Academy Scientific and Technical Awards the original developers received a Scientific and Engineering Award for Lustre.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Flame Premium</dt></dl> <p>In September 2010, Autodesk introduced Flame Premium 2011, a single license for running Flame, Smoke Advanced and Lustre together on a single workstation.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At launch, new licenses were priced from US$129,000 excluding hardware, with upgrades from existing Flame licenses priced from US$10,000. Existing users of Smoke Advanced or Lustre could upgrade from US$25,000.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investors.autodesk.com/static-files/ee842685-aeb7-442d-921a-5cd3892bc2f7">"2017 Annual Report"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://area.autodesk.com/flame20">the original</a> on 2013-09-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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StudioDaily. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Autodesk+acquires+license+for+Lustre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colorfront.com%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3DAWARDS%26spage%3DAcademy%2520Award&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutodesk+Media+and+Entertainment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160110190511/http://usa.autodesk.com/adsk/servlet/item?linkID=14271593&id=5567597&siteID=123112">"Autodesk acquires Colorfront"</a>. 2005. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2009+%2882nd%29+Scientific+and+Engineering+Awards&rft.pub=Academy+of+Motion+Picture+Arts+and+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fawardsdatabase.oscars.org%2Fampas_awards%2FBasicSearch%3Faction%3DsearchLink%26displayType%3D6%26BSNominationID%3D48966&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutodesk+Media+and+Entertainment" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2016">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px"></span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fxguide.com/qt/2816/fxguidetv-from-ibc-flame-premium">"fxguidetv from IBC: Flame Premium + Full Length 2011×1 Feature Videos"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-09-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Autodesk+launches+Flame+Premium+2011&rft.pub=CG+Channel&rft.date=2010-09-13&rft.au=Jim+Thacker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cgchannel.com%2F2010%2F09%2Fautodesk-launches-flame-premium-2011%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutodesk+Media+and+Entertainment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Autodesk_Media_and_Entertainment&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autodesk.com/media-entertainment">Official website</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px"></span>]</span></sup></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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