CINXE.COM

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title="" href="/power-bystander-and-positive-school-climate" target=""> The Power of the Bystander and a Positive School Climate </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="" data-id="3c0017d3-3d97-4edf-88fa-64e6d273536c" data-submenu="0" data-hide-sub-when-collapse="" data-group="0" data-class="" data-icon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-target=""> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/relational-aggression" target=""> Relational Aggression </a> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="2" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="" data-id="84c71bbf-55e5-4dfa-b7db-0aacb0cd053a" data-submenu="0" data-hide-sub-when-collapse="" data-group="0" data-class="" data-icon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-target=""> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/increased-bullying-risk-specific-groups-youth" target=""> Increased Bullying Risk for Specific Groups of Youth </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> 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Violence: Facts and Statistics </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span4" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-col" data-width="4" data-block="" data-blocktitle="1" data-hidewhencollapse="" data-class=""> <ul class="nav nav-tabs subul"> <li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="" data-id="19894313-2720-484d-bf02-89656e647e83" data-submenu="1" data-hide-sub-when-collapse="" data-group="0" data-class="" data-icon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-target=""> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/school-shootings" target=""> School Shootings </a> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-submenu" data-submenu-width="" data-class="" style="width: px"> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu-inner container"> <div class="we-mega-menu-row" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-row" data-custom-row="0"> <div class="we-mega-menu-col span12" 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Children Exposed to Violent Events </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li" data-level="1" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="" data-id="71a528d2-7729-433c-806e-bec53ab97407" data-submenu="0" data-hide-sub-when-collapse="" data-group="0" data-class="" data-icon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-target=""> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/suicide-and-self-harm" target=""> Suicide and Self-Harm </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li class="we-mega-menu-li dropdown-menu active active-trail" data-level="0" data-element-type="we-mega-menu-li" description="" data-id="c383c078-3c4a-4ac4-b731-e3c2fad64d54" data-submenu="1" data-hide-sub-when-collapse="" data-group="0" data-class="" data-icon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-target=""> <a class="we-mega-menu-li" title="" href="/cvp-educational-resources" target=""> Educational Resources </a> <div class="we-mega-menu-submenu" 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style="background:url(/sites/violence.chop.edu/files/2020-10/CVP_BIBLIOGRAPHY.jpg);background-size:cover"> <div class="container"> <div class="row layout"> <div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-12"> <div data-block-plugin-id="field_block:node:article:field_inner_banner" id="block--InnerBanner"> <div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="_none"><div class="container"> <div class="layout row layout-builder__layout"> <div class="col-12"> <div data-block-plugin-id="system_breadcrumb_block" id="block--Breadcrumbs"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumb" class="container"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a href="/cvp-educational-resources">Educational Resources</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a href="/cvp-bibliography">CVP Bibliography</a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="innerpage-content _none"><div class="container"> <div class="layout row layout-builder__layout"> <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-12 col-12 col-12 col-md-8"> <div data-block-plugin-id="field_block:node:page:body" id="block--Body"> <div property="content:encoded"><h2 id="page-title">CVP Bibliography</h2><p>The citations for the facts and statistics referenced on the web pages about the Center for Violence Prevention are provided below. CHOP researchers and clinicians, who are expert in violence prevention as well as adolescent health and development, help to ensure that this information is evidenced-informed and current with the state of the science.</p><dl class="ckeditor-accordion"><dt>Center for Violence Prevention<a class="ext d-flex" href="/">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Briggs-Gowan MJ, Ford JD, Fraleigh L, McCarthy K, Carter AS. Prevalence of exposure to potentially traumatic events in a healthy birth cohort of very young children in the northeastern United States. <em>J Trauma Stress. </em>Dec 2010;23(6):725-733.</li><li>Finkelhor D, Turner H, Ormrod R, Hamby SL. Trends in childhood violence and abuse exposure evidence from 2 national surveys. <em>Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med</em>. Mar 2010;164 (3).</li><li>Finkelhor D, Turner HA, Shattuck, AM, Hamby, SL 2013. Violence, crime, and abuse exposure in a national sample of children and youth: An update. <em>JAMA Pediatrics</em> 167(7):614–62.</li></ul></dd><dt>Bullying Prevention Programs<a class="ext d-flex" href="/research-and-programs/bullying-prevention">Visit</a></dt><dd><p><a href="/research-and-programs/completed-and-foundational-projects/free2b-3d-multimedia-bullying-prevention-program">Free2B: 3D Multimedia Bullying Prevention Program</a></p><ul><li>Bradshaw CP, Sawyer AL, O’Brennan LM. Bullying and peer victimization at school: Perceptual differences between students and school staff. <em>School Psychology Review</em>. 2007;36:359-380.</li><li>Robers S, Zhang J, Truman J, Snyder TD. Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2011. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice; 2012 [cited 2013 December 5]</li></ul></dd><dt>Intimate Partner Violence Prevention Programs<a class="ext d-flex" href="/research-and-programs/intimate-partner-violence-prevention" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Bremner JD, Walker JD, Whitfield C, Perry BD, et al. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. <em>European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience</em>. 2006 Apr;256(3):174-86.</li><li>Bensley L, Van Eenwyk J, Wynkoop Simmons K. Childhood family violence history and women's risk for intimate partner violence and poor health. <em>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</em>. 2003 Jul;25(1):38-44.</li><li>Berton M, Stabb S. Exposure to violence and post-traumatic stress disorder in urban adolescents.<em> Adolescence</em>.1996;31(122):489-99.</li><li>Cannon EA, Bonomi AE, Anderson ML, Rivara FP. The intergenerational transmission of witnessing intimate partner violence. <em>Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine</em>. 2009 Aug;163(8):706-8.</li><li>Dube SR, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Edwards VJ, Williamson DF. Exposure to abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction among adults who witnessed intimate partner violence as children: implications for health and social service providers. <em>Violence and Victims</em>. 2002;17(1):3-17.</li><li>Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. <em>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</em>. 1998 May;14(4):245-58.</li><li>McDonald R, Jouriles EN, Ramisetty-Mikler S, Caetano R, Green CE. Estimating the number of American children living in partner-violent families. <em>Journal of Family Psychology</em>. 2006;20(1):137-42.</li><li>Silva RR, Alpert M, Munoz DM, Singh S, Matzner F, Dummit S. Stress and vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. <em>The American Journal of Psychiatry</em>. 2000;157(8):1229-1235.</li></ul></dd><dt>Gun Safety Programs<a class="ext d-flex" href="/research-and-programs/gun-safety">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Azrael D, Cohen J, Carmel S, Miller M. Firearm Storage in Gun-Owning Households with Children: Results of a 2015 National Survey. <em>Journal of Urban Health</em>. Jun 2018;95(3):295-304.</li><li>Brady. End Family Fire. Available at: <a href="https://www.bradyunited.org/program/end-family-fire" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.bradyunited.org/program/end-family-fire</a></li></ul></dd><dt>Suicide Prevention Programs<a class="ext d-flex" href="/suicide-prevention">Visit</a></dt><dd><p>Meeting Pediatric Mental Health Needs at CHOP</p><ul><li>Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics. (2017). America's children: Key national indicators of well-being, 2017: Adolescent depression. Available at: <a href="https://www.childstats.gov/americaschildren" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.childstats.gov/americaschildren</a></li><li>U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2017). <em>Suicidal behavior</em>. Available at: <a href="https://www.mentalhealth.gov/what-to-look-for/suicidal-behavior/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.mentalhealth.gov/what-to-look-for/suicidal-behavior/</a></li></ul></dd><dt>Types of Violence Involving Youth<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence-involving-youth">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Briggs-Gowan MJ, Ford JD, Fraleigh L, McCarthy K, Carter AS. Prevalence of exposure to potentially traumatic events in a healthy birth cohort of very young children in the northeastern United States. <em>Journal of Trauma Stress. </em>Dec 2010;23(6):725-733.</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 10 Leading Causes of Death and Injury. 2012.</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nonfatal Injury Data. 2012.</li><li>Cheng TL, Wright J, Fields CB, et al. Violent injuries among adolescents: declining morbidity and mortality in an urban population. <em>Annals of Emergency Medicine. </em>2001;37(3):292-300.</li></ul></dd><dt>Bullying in Schools<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/bullying-schools">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Bradshaw CP, Sawyer AL, O’Brennan LM. Bullying and peer victimization at school: Perceptual differences between students and school staff. <em>School Psychology Review</em>. 2007;36:359-380.</li><li>Calvete E, Orue I, Estévez A, Villardón L, Padilla P. Cyberbullying in adolescents: Modalities and aggressors’ proﬁle. <em>Computers in Human Behavior</em>. 2010; 26(5), 1128-1135.</li><li>Farrington DP, Ttofi MM. Protective and promotive factors in the development of offending. In: Bliesener T, Beelman A, Stemmler M, editors. Antisocial behaviour and crime: Contributions of theory and evaluation research to prevention and intervention<em>.</em> Cambridge, Mass: Hogrefe Publishing; 2011. pp. 71 – 88.</li><li>Huang FL, Cornell DG. Question Order Affects the Measurement of Bullying Victimization Among Middle School Students. <em>Educational and Psychological Measurement</em>. 2016;76(5)724-740.</li><li>Leff S, Costigan T, Power T. Using participatory-action research to develop a playground-based prevention program. <em>Journal of School Psychology</em>. 2004;42:3-21.</li><li>Olweus D. Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers, Inc; 1993.</li><li>Olweus D, Limber SP. Bullying in school: evaluation and dissemination of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program. <em>The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry</em>. 2010;80(1):124-134.</li><li>Robers S, Zhang J, Truman J, Snyder TD. Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2011. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice; 2012 [cited 2013 December 5].</li><li>Robers S, Kemp J, Truman J, Snyder TD. Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2012 (NCES 2013-036/NCJ 241446). 2013</li><li>Vaillancourt T, McDougall P, Hymel S, Sunderani S. Respect or fear? The relationship between power and bullying behavior. In: Jimerson SR, Swearer SM, Espelage DL, editors. Handbook of bullying in schools: An international perspective. New York: Routledge; 2010. pp.211-222.</li><li>Wang J, Iannotti RJ, Nansel TR. School bullying among adolescents in the United States: physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. <em>The Journal of Adolescent Health</em>. 2009;45(4):368-375.</li><li>Zhang A, Musu-Gillette L, Oudekerk BA. <em>Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2015. </em> National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, DC. 2016</li></ul></dd><dt>Cyberbullying</dt><dd><ul><li>StopBullying.gov. What Is Cyberbullying. Available at <a href="https://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it</a></li><li>StopBullying.gov. Facts About Bullying. Available at <a href="https://www.stopbullying.gov/resources/facts" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.stopbullying.gov/resources/facts</a></li><li>TeensHealth. Cyberbullying. Available at <a href="https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/cyberbullying.html" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/cyberbullying.html</a></li><li>Enlgander E, Donnerstein E, Kowalski R, Lin CA, Parti K. Defining cyberbullying. <em>Pediatrics</em>. 2017 Nov 1; 140(Supplement 2):S148-51.</li><li>Waasdorp TE, Bradshaw CP. The overlap between cyberbullying and traditional bullying. <em>Journal of Adolescent Health</em>. 2015; 56(5):483-488.</li><li>Patchin JW, Hinduja S. Cyberbullying and self-esteem. <em>Journal of School Health</em>. 2010; 80(12):614-621.</li></ul></dd><dt>The Power of the Bystander and a Positive School Climate<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/bullying-schools/power-bystander-and-positive-school-climate">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Leff S, Costigan T, Power T. Using participatory-action research to develop a playground-based prevention program. <em>Journal of School Psychology</em>. 2004;42:3-21.</li></ul></dd><dt>Relational Aggression<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/bullying-schools/relational-aggression">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Crick NR, Ostrov JM, Kawabata Y. Relational aggression and gender: An overview. In: Flannery DJ, Vazsonyi AT, Waldman ID, editors. <em>The Cambridge handbook of violent behavior and aggression</em>. New York: Cambridge; 2007. pp. 245–259.</li><li>Crick NR, Grotpeter JK. Relational aggression, gender, and social-psychological adjustment. <em>Child Development</em>. 1995;66(3):710-22.</li><li>Talbott E, Celinska D, Simpson J, Coe MG. “Somebody else making somebody else fight”: Aggression and the social context among urban adolescent girls. <em>Exceptionality</em>. 2002;10(3):203-220.</li></ul></dd><dt>Increased Bullying Risk for Specific Groups of Youth<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/bullying-schools/increased-bullying-risk-specific-groups-youth">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Bauer KW, Yank YW, Austin SB. "How can we stay healthy when you're throwing all of this in front of us?" Findings from focus groups and interviews in middle schools on enviornmental influeces on nutrition and physical activity. <em>Health Education & Behavior</em>. 2004;31(1):34-46.</li><li>Cohn A, Canter A. Bullying: Facts for schools and parents. Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists; 2003 [cited 2013 December 5]</li><li>Daniels SR. The consequences of childhood overwight and obesity. <em>Future Child</em>. 2006;16(1):47-67.</li><li>Davison KK, Birch LL. Lean and weight stable: Behavioral predictors and psychological correlates. <em>Obesity Research</em>. 2004;12(7):1085-1093.</li><li>Janssen I, Craig WM, Boyce WF, Pickett W. Associations between overweight and obesity with bullying behaviors in school-aged children. <em>Pediatrics</em>. 2004;113(5):1187-1194.</li><li>Kosciw JG, Diaz EM, Greytak EA. The 2007 National School Climate Survey: The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth in our nation’s schools. New York: GLSEN; 2008.</li><li>Kosciw JG, Greytak EA, Diaz EM, Bartkiewicz MJ. The 2009 National School Climate Survey: The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth in our nation’s schools. New York: GLSEN; 2010.</li><li>Lumeng JC, Forrest P, Appugliese DP, Kaciroti N, Corwyn RF, Bradley RH. Weight status as a predictor of being bullied in third through sixth grades. <em>Pediatrics</em>. 2010;125(6):e1301-e1307.</li><li>Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999-2010. <em>Journal of the American Medical Association</em>. 2012;307(5):483-490</li><li>Poteat VP, Espelage DL. Exploring the relation between bullying and homophobic verbal content: The Homophobic Content Agent Target (HCAT) Scale. <em>Violence and Victims</em>. 2005;20(5):513-528.</li><li>Poteat VP, Rivers I. The use of homophobic language across bullying roles during adolescence. <em>Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology</em>. 2010;31:166-172.</li></ul></dd><dt>Child Sex Trafficking<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/child-sex-trafficking">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Civic Impulse. (2017). S. 2414 — 106th Congress: Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000. Available at <a href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/106/s2414" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/106/s2414</a></li><li>English, A., Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking of the Young and Vulnerable: Reflections on a Legal, Ethical, and Human Rights Disgrace, Presentation from IAAH 10th World Congress Istanbul, Turkey – June 13, 2013. Available at: <a href="http://www.cahl.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/AEnglish_IAAH_Trafficking_June13_2013.pdf" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www.cahl.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/AEnglish_IAAH_Trafficking_June13_2013.pdf</a></li><li>Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2014. Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States: A Guide for Providers of Victim and Support Services. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18798.</li><li>Mitchell, K.J., Finkelhor, D. & Wolak, J. Sex trafficking cases involving minors. (2013). Crimes against Children Research Center, University of New Hampshire: Durham, NH.</li><li>National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Child Sex Trafficking Team; Social Services Indicator Card. Available at: <a href="http://www.missingkids.com/en_US/documents/Social_Services_Indicator_Card.pdf" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www.missingkids.com/en_US/documents/Social_Services_Indicator_Card.pdf</a></li><li>Smith L, Vardaman SH, Snow MA. The national report on domestic minor sex trafficking: America's prostituted children. Vancouver, WA: Shared Hope International; 2009 <a href="http://sharedhope.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/SHI_National_Report_on_DMST_2009.pdf" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://sharedhope.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/SHI_National_Report_on_DMST_2009.pdf</a></li><li>U.S. Department of Education, Office of Safe and Healthy Students; Human Trafficking of Children in the United States Fact Sheet for Schools. Available at: <a href="http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/oese/oshs/factsheet.html" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/oese/oshs/factsheet.html</a></li></ul></dd><dt>Dating Violence<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/dating-violence" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Crandall M, Nathens AB, Kernic MA, Holt VL, Rivara FP. Predicting Future Injury Among Women in Abusive Relationships. <em>Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care.</em> 2004;56(4):906-12.</li><li>Davis, Antoinette, MPH. 2008. Interpersonal and Physical Dating Violence among Teens. <em>The National Council on Crime and Delinquency Focus</em>. Available at <a href="http://www.nccdrc.org/nccd/pubs/Dating%20Violence%20Among%20Teens.pdf" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www.nccdrc.org/nccd/pubs/Dating%20Violence%20Among%20Teens.pdf</a>.</li><li>Forke CM, Myers, RK, Fein JA, Catallozzi M, Localio AR, Wiebe DJ, Grisso JA. Witnessing intimate partner violence as a child: How boys and girls model their parents’ behaviors in adolescence. <em>Child Abuse & Neglect</em>, 2018;84:241-252. </li><li>Forke CM, Myers, RK, Fein JA, Catallozzi M, Localio AR, Wiebe DJ, Grisso JA. Witnessing intimate partner violence as a child: How boys and girls model their parents’ behaviors in adolescence. <em>Child Abuse & Neglect</em>, 2018;84:241-252. </li><li>Foshee VA, Linder F, MacDougall JE, Bangdiwala S. Gender differences in the longitudinal predictors of adolescent dating violence. <em>Preventive Medicine</em>.2001;32(2):128–141.</li><li>Foshee VA, Reyes HL, Ennett ST. Examination of sex and race differences in longitudinal predictors of the initiation of adolescent dating violence perpetration. <em>Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma</em>. 2010;19(5):492–516. doi: 10.1080/10926771.2010.495032</li><li>Linder JR, Collins WA. Parent and peer predictors of physical aggression and conflict management in romantic relationships in early adulthood. <em>Journal of Family Psychology</em>. 2005;19(2):252–262. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.19.2.252.</li><li>Myers RK, Nelson DB, Forke CM. "Occurrence of Stalking Victimization Among Female and Male Undergraduate Students." <em>Journal of College Student Development</em>. 2016;57(2):213-18.</li><li>M. Nunez & M. Wordes. “Our Vulnerable Teenagers: Their Victimization, Its Consequences, and Directions for Prevention and Intervention.” <em>Nat’l Council on Crime & Delinquency and Nat’l Center for Victims of Crime</em> May 2002.</li><li>Reidy DE, Smith-Darden JP, Kernsmith PD. Behavioral and Mental Health Correlates of Youth Stalking Victimization: A Latent Class Approach, Volume 51, Issue 6, Pages 1007–1014.</li><li>Rennison C. <em>Intimate Partner Violence, Special Report 1993-2000</em>. Washington (DC): Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Justice; 2000. Publication No. NCJ178247.</li><li>Schnurr MP, Lohman BJ. How much does school matter? An examination of adolescent dating violence perpetration. <em>Journal of Youth and Adolescence</em>. 2008;37:266–283. doi: 10.1007/s10964-007-9246-7.</li><li>Silverman, J, Raj A, et al. 2001. Dating Violence Against Adolescent Girls and Associated Substance Use, Unhealthy Weight Control, Sexual Risk Behavior, Pregnancy, and Suicidality. <em>JAMA</em>. 286:572-579. Available at <a href="http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=194061" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://jama.amaassn.org/cgi/reprint/286/5/572.</a></li><li>Tjaden P, Thoennes N. “Extent, Nature, and Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence: Findings From the National Violence Against Women Survey, Research Report.” Washington (DC):U.S. Dept. of Justice, 2000a.</li><li>Tschann JM, Pasch LA, Flores E, VanOss Marin B, Baisch EM, Wibbelsman CJ. Nonviolent aspects of interparental conflict and dating violence among adolescents. <em>Journal of Family Issues</em>. 2009;30(3):295–319. doi: 10.1177/0192513X08325010</li><li>Wolfe DA, Wekerle C, Scott K, Straatman A-L, Grasley C. Predicting abuse in adolescent dating relationships over 1 year: The role of child maltreatment and trauma. <em>Journal of Abnormal Psychology</em>. 2004;113(3):406–415. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.113.3.406</li></ul></dd><dt>Dating Violence Prevention<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/dating-violence/dating-violence-prevention" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Bensley L, Van Eenwyk J, Wynkoop Simmons K. Childhood family violence history and women's risk for intimate partner violence and poor health. <em>Am J Prev Med</em>. 2003 Jul;25(1):38-44</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Physical Dating Violence Among High School Students – United States, Liz Claiborne Inc., Conducted by Teenage Research Unlimited, (February 2005).</li><li><a href="http://ovc.ncjrs.gov/topic.aspx?topicid=27" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">Domestic and Family Violence</a>, Office for Victims of Crime website.</li><li>Foshee VA, Bauman KE, Arriaga XB, Helms RW, Koch GG, Linder GF. An evaluation of Safe Dates, an adolescent violence prevention program. <em>American Journal of Public Health.</em> 1998; 88:45-50.</li><li>Foshee VA, Reyes McNaughton HL, Ennett ST, Cance JD, Bauman KE, Bowling JM. Assessing the effects of Families for Safe Dates, a family-based teen dating abuse prevention program. <em>Journal of Adolescent Health</em>. 2012; 51:349-356.</li><li>Miller E, Tancredi DJ, McCauley HL, Decker MR, Virata CDM, Anderson HA, O’Connor B, Silverman JG. One-Year follow-up of a coach-delivered dating violence prevention program: a cluster randomized controlled trial. <em>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</em>. 2013; 45:108-112.</li><li>.PCADV. January 2010. Nicole Lindemyer, Esq., PCADV Policy Manager, 800-932-4632 x 205, <a href="mailto:nal@pcadv.org">nal@pcadv.org</a></li><li>Physical and Dating Violence Among High School Students—United States, 2003,” <em>MMWR</em>, May 19, 2006, Vol. 55, No. 19.</li><li>Taylor BG, Stein ND, Mumford EA, Woods D. Shifting Boundaries: an experimental evaluation of a dating violence prevention program in middle schools. <em>Prevention Science.</em> 2013; 14:64-76.</li><li>“Women’s Health,” June/July 2004, Family Violence Prevention Fund and Advocates for Youth.</li><li>Zweig JM, Dank M, Yahner J, Lachman P. The Rate of Cyber Dating Violence Among Teens and How it Relates to Other Forms of Teen Dating Violence. <em>Journal of Youth and Adolescence</em>, July 2013, Volume 42, Issue 7, pp 1063-1077.</li></ul></dd><dt>Domestic Violence and Child Abuse<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/domestic-violence-and-child-abuse" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Appel AE, Holden GW. Co-occurring spouse and child abuse: Implications for CPS practice. APSAC Advisor. 1998;11(1):11-14</li><li>Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Bremner JD, Walker JD, Whitfield C, Perry BD, et al. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology.<em> European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience</em>. 2006 Apr;256(3):174-86.</li><li>Bensley L, Van Eenwyk J, Wynkoop Simmons K. Childhood family violence history and women's risk for intimate partner violence and poor health. <em>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</em>. 2003 Jul;25(1):38-44.</li><li>Berton M, Stabb S. Exposure to violence and post-traumatic stress disorder in urban adolescents. <em>Adolescence</em>.1996;31(122):489-99.</li><li>Catalano, Shannan. 2007. Intimate Partner Violence in the United States<em>.</em> Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics; 2007 December 19 [cited 2014 January 13]</li><li>Child Welfare Information Gateway. Child Abuse and Neglect Fatalities 2016: Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Children’s Bureau; 2016. [cited 2018 September 27]</li><li>Dube SR, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Edwards VJ, Williamson DF. Exposure to abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction among adults who witnessed intimate partner violence as children: implications for health and social service providers. <em>Violence and Victims</em>. 2002;17(1):3-17.</li><li>Edleson JL. The overlap between child maltreatment and woman battering. <em>Violence Against Women</em>. 1999;5(2):134-154.</li><li>Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. <em>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</em>. 1998 May;14(4):245-58.</li><li>Fusco RA, Fantuzzo JW. Domestic violence crimes and children: A population-based investigation of direct sensory exposure and the nature of involvement. <em>Children and Youth Services Review</em>. 2009;31(2):249-56.</li><li>Gold J, Sullivan MW, Lewis M. The relation between abuse and violent delinquency: The conversion of shame to blame in juvenile offenders. <em>Child Abuse and Neglect</em>. 2011;35(7):459–467.</li><li>Hughes HM, Parkinson D, Vargo M. Witnessing spouse abuse and experiencing physical abuse: A "double whammy"? <em>Journal of Family Violence</em>. 1989;4(2):197-209.</li><li>Ireland TO, Smith CA. Living in Partner-violent families: Developmental links to antisocial behavior and relationship violence. <em>Journal of Youth and Adolescence</em>. 2009;38(3):323-339.</li><li>Kernic MA, Wolf ME, Holt VL, McKnight B, Huebner CE, Rivara FP. Behavioral problems among children whose mothers are abused by an intimate partner.<em> Child Abuse and Neglect</em>. 2003;27(11):1231-46.</li><li>Lipsky S, Caetano R, Field CA, Larkin GL. Psychosocial and substance-use risk factors for intimate partner violence. <em>Drug Alcohol Dependence</em>. 2005 Apr 4;78(1):39-47.</li><li>McDonald R, Jouriles EN, Ramisetty-Mikler S, Caetano R, Green CE. Estimating the number of American children living in partner-violent families. Journal of Family Psychology. 2006;20(1):137-42.</li><li>McKinney CM, Caetano R, Ramisetty-Mikler S, Nelson S. Childhood family violence and perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence: findings from a national population-based study of couples. Ann Epidemiol. 2009 Jan;19(1):25-32.</li><li>PolicyLab: Child Welfare. Philadelphia, PA: Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; 2014 [cited 2014 January 13]</li><li>Renner LM, Slack KS. Intimate partner violence and child maltreatment: Understanding intra- and intergenerational connections. Child Abuse Negl. 2006;30(6):599-617.</li><li>Roberts AL, Gilman SE, Fitzmaurice G, Decker MR, Koenen KC. Witness of intimate partner violence in childhood and perpetration of intimate partner violence in adulthood. <em>Epidemiology</em>. 2010 November;21(6):809-818.</li><li>Saltzman LE, Fanslow JL, McMahon PM, Shelley GA. Intimate partner violence surveillance: uniform definitions and recommended data elements, version 1.0. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control; 2002.</li><li>Silva RR, Alpert M, Munoz DM, Singh S, Matzner F, Dummit S. Stress and vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. <em>The American Journal of Psychiatry</em>. 2000;157(8):1229-1235.</li><li>Stark E, Filcraft AH. Witnessing spouse abuse and experiencing physical abuse: A “double whammy”? <em>Journal of Family Violence</em>. 1998;4(2):197-209.</li><li>Strauss MA, Gelles RJ. Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8,145 families. <em>The Canadian Journal of Sociology</em>. 1991;16(3):326-328.</li><li>Thompson RS, Bonomi AE, Anderson M, Reid RJ, Dimer JA, Carrell D, et al. Intimate partner violence: prevalence, types, and chronicity in adult women. <em>American Journal of Preventive Medicine</em>. 2006 Jun;30(6):447-57.</li><li>U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children’s Bureau. <em>Child maltreatment 2014</em>. Washington, DC; 2016 [cited 2018 September 27];</li><li>U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Domestic Violence/Abuse Statistics. Washington, DC; 2013 June 28 [cited 2014 January 13]</li><li>Whitfield CL, Anda RF, Dube SR, Felitti VJ. Violent childhood experiences and the risk of intimate partner violence in adults: assessment in a large health maintenance organization. <em>Journal of Interpersonal Violence</em>. 2003;18(2):166-85.</li><li>Xiangming F, Corso P. Child maltreatment, youth violence, and intimate partner violence: Developmental relationships. <em>American Journal of Preventative Medicine</em>. 2007;33(4).</li></ul></dd><dt>Gun Violence<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence-involving-youth/gun-violence" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Albright T, Burge SK.<em> </em>Improving Firearm Storage Habits: Impact of Brief Office Counseling by Family Physicians<em>. Journal of the American Board of Family Practice</em>. 2003 Jan-Feb;16(1):40-6.</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, WISQARS Nonfatal Injury Reports 2001-2014, ages 0-19, available at: <a href="http://webappa.cdc.gov/sasweb/ncipc/nfirates2001.html" target="_blank">http://webappa.cdc.gov/sasweb/ncipc/nfirates2001.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, WISQARS Fatal Injury Reports 1999-2018, ages 0-19, available at: <a href="https://webappa.cdc.gov/sasweb/ncipc/mortrate.html" target="_blank">https://webappa.cdc.gov/sasweb/ncipc/mortrate.html</a></li><li>Katherine L. Record, JD, MPH, MA; Lawrence O. Gostin, JD. A Systematic Plan for Firearms Law Reform. <em>Journal of the American Medical Association. </em>2013;309(12):1231-1232. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.1127</li><li>Nance ML, Carr BG, Kallan MJ, Branas CC, Wiebe DJ. Urban US Counties Variation in Pediatric and Adolescent Firearm Mortality Rates in Rural and Urban US Counties. Pediatrics. Originally published online May 24, 2010; 2010;125;1112.</li><li>Nance ML, Denysenko L, Durbin DR, Branas CC, Stafford PW, Schwab CW. The rural-urban continuum: variability in statewide serious pediatric and adolescent firearm injuries. <em>Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine</em>. 2002;156(8):781-785.</li><li>National Physicians Alliance. <em>Gun Safety and Public Health: Policy Recommendations for a more secure America</em>. August 2013.</li><li>Rajan S, Branas CC. Arming Schoolteachers: What Do We Know? Where Do We Go From Here?. Am J Public Health. 2018;108(7):860-862.</li><li>WISQARS 2010</li></ul></dd><dt>Counseling on Gun Safety in the Home<a class="ext d-flex" href="/types-violence/gun-violence/counseling-gun-safety-home" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Baxley F, Miller M. Parental Misperceptions About Children and Firearms. <em>Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine</em>. 542, 544 (2006) [160(5), 542-547]</li><li>Schuster, M. A., Franke, T. M., Bastian, A. M., Sor, S., & Halfon, N. Firearm storage patterns in US homes with children. <em>American Journal of Public Health</em>, 90(4), 588-594. (2000).</li><li>Stennies G, Ikeda R, Leadbetter S, Houston B, Sacks J. Firearm storage practices and children in the home, United States, 1994. <em>Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine</em>. 1999 Jun;153 (6):586-90.</li><li>M.M. Farah, H.K. Simon, A.L. Kellermanm. Firearms in the home: parental perceptions. <em>Pediatrics</em>, 104 (1999), pp. 1059–1063</li><li>Schuster MA, Franke TM, Bastian AM. Firearm storage patterns in US homes with children. <em>American Journal of Public Health</em>. 2000 Apr;90(4):588-94.</li><li>Jackman GA, Farah MM, Kellermann AL, Simon HK. 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Available at: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/suicide/index.html" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/suicide/index.html</a></li><li>CDC. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance system (YRBSS). June 14, 2018. Available at: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/index.htm" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/index.htm</a></li><li>Crisis Text Line. Available at: <a href="https://www.crisistextline.org/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://www.crisistextline.org/</a></li><li>Dahlberg LL, Ikeda RM, Kresnow M. Guns in the Home and Risk of a Violent Death in the Home: Findings from a National Study. American Journal of Epidemiology. (2004) 160 (10): 929-936. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh309 . <a href="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/160/10/929.full" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/160/10/929.full</a></li><li>Diamond G, Levy S, Bevans KB, Fein JA, Wintersteen M, Tien A, Creed T. Development, Validation and Utility of Internet-based, Behavioral Health Screen for Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2010;126(1):e163-70.</li><li>Doupnik SK, Esposito J, Lavelle J. Beyond Mental Health Crisis Stabilization in Emergency Departments and Acute Care Hospitals. <em>Pediatrics</em>. 2018;141(5): e20173059</li><li>Fein JA, Pailler M, Diamond G, Wintersteen M, Tien A, Hayes K, Barg F. Feasibility and Effects of a Web-based Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment Administered by Clinical Staff in the Pediatric Emergency Department. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine 2010;164(12):1112-1117.</li><li>Laye-Gindhu A , Schonert-Reichl KA. Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Among Community Adolescents: Understanding the “Whats” and “Whys” of Self-Harm. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. October 2005, Vol 34, Issue 5, pp 447-457. Available at: <a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10964-005-7262-z" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10964-005-7262-z</a></li><li>Luoma JB, Martin CE, Pearson JL. Contact with mental health and primary care providers before suicide: a review of the evidence. Am J Psychiatr. 2002;159(6):909–16.</li><li>National Health Service of United Kingdom. Available at: <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Self-injury/Pages/Causes.aspx" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Self-injury/Pages/Causes.aspx</a></li><li>National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention. Goals and Objectives. Available at: <a href="https://theactionalliance.org/our-strategy/national-strateg/2012-national-strategy" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">https://theactionalliance.org/our-strategy/national-strateg/2012-national-strategy</a></li><li>National Institute of Mental Health. Suicide: A Major Preventable Mental Health Problem Fact Sheet. Available at: <a href="http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-a-major-preventable-mental-health-problem-fact-sheet/index.shtml/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-a-major-preventable-mental-health-problem-fact-sheet/index.shtml\</a></li><li>Pailler ME, Fein JA. Computerized Behavioral Health Screening in the Emergency Department. Pediatric Annals, 38(3), March 2009.</li><li>Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Available at: <a href="http://www.samhsa.gov/" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www.samhsa.gov/</a></li><li>U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medline Plus. Available at: <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/selfharm.html" target="_blank" rel=" noopener noreferrer">http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/selfharm.html</a></li></ul></dd><dt>Trauma-informed Care Approach to Child Traumatic Stress<a class="ext d-flex" href="/violence-prevention-initiative/trauma-informed-care-approach-child-traumatic-stress" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Holbrook T, Hoyt D, Coimbra R, Potenza B, Sise M, Anderson J. Long-term posttraumatic stress disorder persists after major trauma in adolescents: New data on risk factors and functional outcome. <em>Journal of Trauma- Injury Infection and Critical Care. </em> 2005 Apr;58(4):764-9.</li><li>Kassam-Adams, N., Marsac, ML, Hildenbrand, A., Winston, F.K. Posttraumatic stress following pediatric injury: Update on diagnosis, risk factors, and intervention<em>. JAMA Pediatrics</em>. 2013 Dec 1;167(12):1158-65.</li><li>Rossman BBR, Hughes HM, Rosenberg MS. Children and interparental violence: The impact of exposure. Psychology Press, 2000.</li><li>Shonkoff JP, Garner AS, CHILD TCOPAO, et al. The Lifelong Effects of Early Childhood Adversity and Toxic Stress. <em>Pediatrics. </em>2012 Jan;129(1):e232-46.</li></ul></dd><dt>Factors Affecting Youth and Violence<a class="ext d-flex" href="/youth-violence-prevention" target="_blank">Visit</a></dt><dd><ul><li>Berkowitz, SJ. Children exposed to community violence: The rationale for early intervention. <em>Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review</em>. 2003 Dec;6(4):293-302.</li><li>Delaney-Black V, Covington C, Ondersma SJ, et al. Violence exposure, trauma, and IQ and/or reading deficits among urban children. <em>Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine. </em>2002;156(3):280</li><li>Ellickson P, Saner H, McGuigan KA. Profiles of violent youth: substance use and other concurrent problems. <em>American Journal of Public Health</em>. 1997 Jun;87(6):985-91.</li><li>Groves BM, Zuckerman B, Marans S, and Cohen D. Silent victims: Children who witness violence. <em>Journal of the American Medical Association</em>. 1993 Jan 13;269(2):262-4.</li><li>Margolin G, Vickerman KA. Posttraumatic stress in children and adolescents exposed to family violence: I. Overview and issues. <em>Professional Psychology, Research and Practice</em>. 2007 Dec 1;38(6):613-619.</li><li>Morales JR, Guerra NG. 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