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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Candidate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Candidate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Candidate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Match_with_Fischer_in_1975" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Match_with_Fischer_in_1975"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Match with Fischer in 1975</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Match_with_Fischer_in_1975-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_champion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_champion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>World champion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_champion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalry_with_Kasparov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalry_with_Kasparov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Rivalry with Kasparov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalry_with_Kasparov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-FIDE_champion_again_(1993–1999)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#FIDE_champion_again_(1993–1999)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>FIDE champion again (1993–1999)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-FIDE_champion_again_(1993–1999)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Towards_retirement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Towards_retirement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Towards retirement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Towards_retirement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_and_political_career_after_retirement_from_chess" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_and_political_career_after_retirement_from_chess"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Professional and political career after retirement from chess</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_and_political_career_after_retirement_from_chess-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Candidate_for_FIDE_presidency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Candidate_for_FIDE_presidency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Candidate for FIDE presidency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Candidate_for_FIDE_presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Style</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hobbies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hobbies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Hobbies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hobbies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours_and_awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours_and_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Honours and awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours_and_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 75 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpof" title="Anatoli Karpof – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Anatoli Karpof" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%81" title="أناطولي كاربوف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أناطولي كاربوف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_K%C3%A1rpov" title="Anatoli Kárpov – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Anatoli Kárpov" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AD" title="আনাতোলি কারপভ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আনাতোলি কারপভ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Карпов Анатолий Евгеньевич – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Карпов Анатолий Евгеньевич" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%AF%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Анатоль Яўгенавіч Карпаў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Анатоль Яўгенавіч Карпаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Анатолий Карпов – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Анатолий Карпов" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoliy_Karpov" title="Anatoliy Karpov – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Anatoliy Karpov" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_K%C3%A0rpov" title="Anatoli Kàrpov – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Anatoli Kàrpov" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Anatoly Karpov" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Jewgenjewitsch_Karpow" title="Anatoli Jewgenjewitsch Karpow – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anatoli Jewgenjewitsch Karpow" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B9_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%86" title="Ανατόλι Κάρποφ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανατόλι Κάρποφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_K%C3%A1rpov" title="Anatoli Kárpov – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anatoli Kárpov" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%81" title="آناتولی کارپف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آناتولی کارپف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Anatoly Karpov" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolii_Karpov" title="Anatolii Karpov – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Anatolii Karpov" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%82%98%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%8F%AC%ED%94%84" title="아나톨리 카르포프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아나톨리 카르포프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Անատոլի Կարպով – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անատոլի Կարպով" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5" title="ऐनैटोली कार्पोव – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऐनैटोली कार्पोव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Yevgenyevich_Karpov" title="Anatoli Yevgenyevich Karpov – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Anatoli Yevgenyevich Karpov" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Anatoly Karpov" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatol%C3%ADj_Karpov" title="Anatolíj Karpov – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Anatolíj Karpov" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91" title="אנטולי קרפוב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנטולי קרפוב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ანატოლი კარპოვი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანატოლი კარპოვი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Анатолий Евгеньевич Карпов – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Анатолий Евгеньевич Карпов" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolius_Karpov" title="Anatolius Karpov – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Anatolius Karpov" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolijs_Karpovs" title="Anatolijs Karpovs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Anatolijs Karpovs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Jewgenjewitsch_Karpow" title="Anatoli Jewgenjewitsch Karpow – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Anatoli Jewgenjewitsch Karpow" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolijus_Karpovas" title="Anatolijus Karpovas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Anatolijus Karpovas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Jevgenyjevics_Karpov" title="Anatolij Jevgenyjevics Karpov – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Anatolij Jevgenyjevics Karpov" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Анатолиј Карпов – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Анатолиј Карпов" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="അനാറ്റോളി കാർപ്പോവ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അനാറ്റോളി കാർപ്പോവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5" title="अनातोली कार्पोव – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अनातोली कार्पोव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%81" title="اناطولى كاربوف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اناطولى كاربوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Анатолий Карпов – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Анатолий Карпов" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE_%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%B7" title="အန်နာတိုလီ ကားပေါ့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အန်နာတိုလီ ကားပေါ့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8A%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9D%E3%83%95" title="アナトリー・カルポフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アナトリー・カルポフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoliy_Karpov" title="Anatoliy Karpov – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Anatoliy Karpov" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpow" title="Anatolij Karpow – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Anatolij Karpow" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Anatoly Karpov" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Anatoly Karpov" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Карпов, Анатолий Евгеньевич – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карпов, Анатолий Евгеньевич" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" title="Anatoly Karpov – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anatoly Karpov" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Jevgenievi%C4%8D_Karpov" title="Anatolij Jevgenievič Karpov – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Anatolij Jevgenievič Karpov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Анатолиј Карпов – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Анатолиј Карпов" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Anatolij Karpov" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D" title="அனத்தோலி கார்ப்பொவ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அனத்தோலி கார்ப்பொவ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Karpov" title="Anatoli Karpov – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anatoli Karpov" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli%C3%BD_Karpow" title="Anatoliý Karpow – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Anatoliý Karpow" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%84%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Карпов Анатолій Євгенович – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карпов Анатолій Євгенович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%81" title="اناتولی کارپوف – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اناتولی کارپوف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Evgenyevich_Karpov" title="Anatoly Evgenyevich Karpov – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Anatoly Evgenyevich Karpov" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Russian chess grandmaster (born 1951)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this name that follows <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavic_naming_customs" title="Eastern Slavic naming customs">Eastern Slavic naming customs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a> is <i> Yevgenyevich</i> and the <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is <i> Karpov</i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div class="fn">Anatoly Karpov<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Анатолий Карпов</span></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Anatoly_Karpov_2017_april.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Anatoly_Karpov_2017_april.jpg/220px-Anatoly_Karpov_2017_april.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Anatoly_Karpov_2017_april.jpg/330px-Anatoly_Karpov_2017_april.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Anatoly_Karpov_2017_april.jpg/440px-Anatoly_Karpov_2017_april.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2049" data-file-height="3089" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Karpov in 2017</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Soviet Union (until 1991)</li><li>Russia (since 1991)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1951-05-23</span>) </span>May 23, 1951<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 73)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Zlatoust" title="Zlatoust">Zlatoust</a>, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(chess)" title="Grandmaster (chess)">Grandmaster</a> (1970)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship" title="World Chess Championship">World Champion</a></th><td class="infobox-data note"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1975–1985 (undisputed)</li><li>1993–1999 (FIDE)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a> <a href="/wiki/Elo_rating_system" title="Elo rating system">rating</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratings.fide.com/profile/4100026">2617</a> (February 2025)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_players_by_peak_FIDE_rating" title="List of chess players by peak FIDE rating">Peak rating</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2780 (July 1994)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Peak ranking</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_FIDE_chess_world_number_ones" title="List of FIDE chess world number ones">No. 1</a> (January 1976)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Anatolij_Karpov_voice.oga" title="File:Anatolij Karpov voice.oga">Anatoly Karpov's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="35" data-mwtitle="Anatolij_Karpov_voice.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Anatolij_Karpov_voice.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Anatolij_Karpov_voice.oga/Anatolij_Karpov_voice.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAnatolij_Karpov_voice.oga&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">from the Echo of Moscow program, 9 March 2006</div></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen Oblast</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Party_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Party List">Party List</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: #eee"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />21 December 2011</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Анато́лий Евге́ньевич Ка́рпов</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[ɐnɐˈtolʲɪj<span class="wrap"> </span>jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈkarpəf]</a></span>; born May 23, 1951) is a Russian and former Soviet <a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(chess)" title="Grandmaster (chess)">chess grandmaster</a>, former <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship" title="World Chess Championship">World Chess Champion</a>, ⁣and politician. He was the 12th World Chess Champion from 1975 to 1985, a three-time <a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a> World Champion (1993, 1996, 1998), twice World Chess champion as a member of the USSR team (1985, 1989), and a six-time winner of <a href="/wiki/Chess_Olympiad" title="Chess Olympiad">Chess Olympiads</a> as a member of the USSR team (1972, 1974, 1980, 1982, 1986, 1988). The International Association of Chess Press awarded him nine <a href="/wiki/Chess_Oscars" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess Oscars">Chess Oscars</a> (1973–77, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1984). </p><p>Karpov's chess tournament successes include over 160 first-place finishes.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had a peak <a href="/wiki/Elo_rating_system" title="Elo rating system">Elo rating</a> of 2780, and his 102 total months world number one is the third-longest of all time, behind <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Carlsen" title="Magnus Carlsen">Magnus Carlsen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a>. Karpov is also an elected Member of the <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a> in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. Since 2006, he has chaired the Commission for Ecological Safety and Environmental Protection of the <a href="/wiki/Civic_Chamber_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation">Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation</a>, and since 2007 he has been a member of the Public Council under the Ministry of Defence.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karpov was born into a <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russian</a> family on May 23, 1951,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Zlatoust" title="Zlatoust">Zlatoust</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Urals" class="mw-redirect" title="Urals">Urals</a> region of the former Soviet Union, and learned to play chess at the age of four.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His early rise in chess was swift, as he became a candidate master by age 11. At 12, he was accepted into <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik" title="Mikhail Botvinnik">Mikhail Botvinnik</a>'s prestigious chess school, though Botvinnik made the following remark about the young Karpov: "The boy does not have a clue about chess, and there's no future at all for him in this profession."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Karpov acknowledged that his understanding of chess theory was very confused at that time, and later wrote that the homework Botvinnik assigned greatly helped him, since it required that he consult chess books and work diligently.<sup id="cite_ref-KarpovOnKarpov_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KarpovOnKarpov-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov improved so quickly under Botvinnik's tutelage that he became the youngest Soviet master in history at the age of fifteen in 1966; this tied the record established by <a href="/wiki/Boris_Spassky" title="Boris Spassky">Boris Spassky</a> in 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Young_master">Young master</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Young master"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anatoly_Karpov_(1967).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Anatoly_Karpov_%281967%29.jpg/262px-Anatoly_Karpov_%281967%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="262" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Anatoly_Karpov_%281967%29.jpg/393px-Anatoly_Karpov_%281967%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Anatoly_Karpov_%281967%29.jpg/524px-Anatoly_Karpov_%281967%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2699" /></a><figcaption>Karpov in 1967</figcaption></figure> <p>Karpov finished first in his first international tournament, in <a href="/wiki/T%C5%99inec" title="Třinec">Třinec</a>, several months later, ahead of <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Kupreichik" title="Viktor Kupreichik">Viktor Kupreichik</a>. In 1967, he won the annual <a href="/wiki/European_Junior_Chess_Championship" title="European Junior Chess Championship">Niemeyer Tournament</a> in <a href="/wiki/Groningen" title="Groningen">Groningen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov won a gold medal for academic excellence in high school, and entered <a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_University" title="Moscow State University">Moscow State University</a> in 1968 to study mathematics. He later transferred to <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Leningrad State University">Leningrad State University</a>, eventually graduating from there in economics. One reason for the transfer was to be closer to his coach, grandmaster <a href="/wiki/Semyon_Furman" title="Semyon Furman">Semyon Furman</a>, who lived in Leningrad. In his writings, Karpov credits Furman as a major influence on his development as a world-class player.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1969, Karpov became the first Soviet player since Spassky (1955) to win the <a href="/wiki/World_Junior_Chess_Championship" title="World Junior Chess Championship">World Junior Championship</a>, scoring an undefeated 10/11 in the final A group at <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This victory earned him the <a href="/wiki/International_Master" class="mw-redirect" title="International Master">International Master</a> title.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1970, Karpov tied for fourth and fifth places with <a href="/wiki/Pal_Benko" title="Pal Benko">Pal Benko</a> at an international tournament in <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a>, Venezuela,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and earned the <a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(chess)" title="Grandmaster (chess)">international grandmaster</a> title.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a> awarded him the title during its 41st congress, held during the <a href="/wiki/Chess_Olympiad" title="Chess Olympiad">Chess Olympiad</a> in <a href="/wiki/Siegen" title="Siegen">Siegen</a>, West Germany in September 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grandmaster">Grandmaster</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Grandmaster"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karpov won the 1971 <a href="/wiki/Alekhine_Memorial" title="Alekhine Memorial">Alekhine Memorial</a> tournament in Moscow (jointly with <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Stein" title="Leonid Stein">Leonid Stein</a>), ahead of a star-studded field, for his first significant adult victory.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His <a href="/wiki/Elo_rating_system" title="Elo rating system">Elo rating</a> shot from 2540 in 1971 to 2660 in 1973,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during which he shared second place in the <a href="/wiki/1973_USSR_Chess_Championship" title="1973 USSR Chess Championship">1973 Soviet championship</a>, one point behind <a href="/wiki/Boris_Spassky" title="Boris Spassky">Spassky</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and qualified for the Leningrad Interzonal.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Candidate">Candidate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Candidate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karpov's world junior championship qualified him for one of the two <a href="/wiki/Interzonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Interzonal">Interzonals</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a stage in the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1975" title="World Chess Championship 1975">1975 World Championship cycle</a> to choose the challenger to play world champion <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer" title="Bobby Fischer">Bobby Fischer</a>. He finished equal first in the Leningrad Interzonal, qualifying for the 1974 <a href="/wiki/Candidates_Matches" class="mw-redirect" title="Candidates Matches">Candidates Matches</a>. </p><p>Karpov defeated <a href="/wiki/Lev_Polugaevsky" title="Lev Polugaevsky">Lev Polugaevsky</a> by the score of +3=5 in the first Candidates' match, earning the right to face former champion <a href="/wiki/Boris_Spassky" title="Boris Spassky">Boris Spassky</a> in the semifinal round. Karpov was on record saying that he believed Spassky would easily beat him and win the Candidates' cycle to face Fischer, and that he (Karpov) would win the following Candidates' cycle in 1977. Spassky won the first game as Black in good style, but tenacious, aggressive play from Karpov secured him overall victory by +4−1=6. </p><p>The Candidates' final was played in Moscow with <a href="/wiki/Victor_Korchnoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Korchnoi">Victor Korchnoi</a>. Karpov took an early lead, winning the second game against the <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence" title="Sicilian Defence">Sicilian Dragon</a>, then scoring another victory in the sixth game. Following ten consecutive <a href="/wiki/Draw_(chess)" title="Draw (chess)">draws</a>, Korchnoi threw away a winning position in the seventeenth game to give Karpov a 3–0 lead. In game 19, Korchnoi succeeded in winning a long <a href="/wiki/Chess_endgame" title="Chess endgame">endgame</a>, then notched a speedy victory after a blunder by Karpov two games later. Three more draws, the last <a href="/wiki/Draw_by_agreement" title="Draw by agreement">agreed</a> by Karpov when he was in a clearly better position, closed the match, with Karpov prevailing +3−2=19, entitling him to move on to challenge Fischer for the world title.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Match_with_Fischer_in_1975">Match with Fischer in 1975</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Match with Fischer in 1975"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though a world championship match between Karpov and Fischer was highly anticipated, those hopes were never realised. Fischer not only insisted that the match be the first to ten wins (<a href="/wiki/Draw_(chess)" title="Draw (chess)">draws</a> not counting), but also that the champion retain the crown if the score was tied 9–9. <a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a>, the International Chess Federation, refused to allow this proviso, and gave both players a deadline of April 1, 1975, to agree to play the match under the FIDE-approved rules.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Fischer did not agree, FIDE President <a href="/wiki/Max_Euwe" title="Max Euwe">Max Euwe</a> declared on April 3, 1975, that Fischer had forfeited his title and Karpov was the new World Champion.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov later attempted to set up another match with Fischer, but the negotiations fell through. This thrust the young Karpov into the role of World Champion without having faced the reigning champion. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a> argued that Karpov would have had good chances because he had beaten Spassky convincingly and was a new breed of tough professional, and indeed had higher quality games, while Fischer had been inactive for three years.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This view is echoed by Karpov himself.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spassky thought that Fischer would have won in 1975, but Karpov would have qualified again and beaten Fischer in 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov has said that if he had had the opportunity to play Fischer for the championship in his twenties, he could have been a much better player as a result.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_champion">World champion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: World champion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Euwe,_wife_and_Karpov_1976.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Max_Euwe%2C_wife_and_Karpov_1976.jpg/300px-Max_Euwe%2C_wife_and_Karpov_1976.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Max_Euwe%2C_wife_and_Karpov_1976.jpg/450px-Max_Euwe%2C_wife_and_Karpov_1976.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Max_Euwe%2C_wife_and_Karpov_1976.jpg/600px-Max_Euwe%2C_wife_and_Karpov_1976.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2942" data-file-height="2335" /></a><figcaption>Karpov with FIDE president <a href="/wiki/Max_Euwe" title="Max Euwe">Max Euwe</a> and wife in 1976</figcaption></figure> <p>Determined to prove himself a legitimate champion, Karpov participated in nearly every major tournament for the next ten years. He convincingly won the <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> tournament in 1975, and captured his first of three Soviet titles in 1976. He created a phenomenal streak of tournament wins against the strongest players in the world. Karpov held the record for most consecutive tournament victories (9) until it was shattered by <a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a> (15). As a result, most chess professionals soon agreed that Karpov was a legitimate world champion.<sup id="cite_ref-WinningChessStrategies_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WinningChessStrategies-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1978, Karpov's first title defence was against Viktor Korchnoi, the opponent he had defeated in the 1973–75 Candidates' cycle; the match was played at <a href="/wiki/Baguio" title="Baguio">Baguio</a>, Philippines, with the winner needing six victories. As in 1974, Karpov took an early lead, winning the eighth game after seven draws to open the match. When the score was +5−2=20 in Karpov's favour, Korchnoi staged a comeback, and won three of the next four games to draw level with Karpov. Karpov then won the very next game to retain the title (+6−5=21).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three years later, Korchnoi reemerged as the Candidates' winner against German finalist <a href="/wiki/Robert_H%C3%BCbner" title="Robert Hübner">Robert Hübner</a> to challenge Karpov in <a href="/wiki/Merano" title="Merano">Merano</a>, Italy. Karpov handily won this match, 11–7 (+6−2=10), in what is remembered as the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1981" title="World Chess Championship 1981">"Massacre in Merano"</a>. </p><p>Karpov's tournament career reached a peak at the <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> "Tournament of Stars" tournament in 1979, where he finished joint first (+7−1=10) with <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Tal" title="Mikhail Tal">Mikhail Tal</a> ahead of a field of strong grandmasters completed by <a href="/wiki/Jan_Timman" title="Jan Timman">Jan Timman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ljubomir_Ljubojevi%C4%87" title="Ljubomir Ljubojević">Ljubomir Ljubojević</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Spassky" title="Boris Spassky">Boris Spassky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vlastimil_Hort" title="Vlastimil Hort">Vlastimil Hort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Portisch" title="Lajos Portisch">Lajos Portisch</a>, Robert Hübner, <a href="/wiki/Bent_Larsen" title="Bent Larsen">Bent Larsen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lubomir_Kavalek" title="Lubomir Kavalek">Lubomir Kavalek</a>. He dominated <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a> in 1977 with 13½/15. He also won the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Bugojno" title="Bugojno">Bugojno</a> tournament in 1978 (shared), 1980 and 1986, the <a href="/wiki/Linares_chess_tournament" class="mw-redirect" title="Linares chess tournament">Linares tournament</a> in 1981 (shared with <a href="/wiki/Larry_Christiansen" title="Larry Christiansen">Larry Christiansen</a>) and 1994, the <a href="/wiki/Tilburg" title="Tilburg">Tilburg</a> tournament in 1977, 1979, 1980, 1982, and 1983, and the <a href="/wiki/USSR_Chess_Championship" title="USSR Chess Championship">Soviet Championship</a> in 1976, 1983, and 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-chessgames,_2002_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chessgames,_2002-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Karpov represented the Soviet Union at six <a href="/wiki/Chess_Olympiads" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess Olympiads">Chess Olympiads</a>, in all of which the USSR won the team gold medal. He played as the first reserve at <a href="/wiki/20th_Chess_Olympiad" title="20th Chess Olympiad">Skopje 1972</a>, winning the board prize with 13/15. At <a href="/wiki/21st_Chess_Olympiad" title="21st Chess Olympiad">Nice 1974</a>, he advanced to board one and again won the board prize with 12/14. At <a href="/wiki/24th_Chess_Olympiad" title="24th Chess Olympiad">La Valletta 1980</a>, he was again board one and scored 9/12. At <a href="/wiki/25th_Chess_Olympiad" title="25th Chess Olympiad">Lucerne 1982</a>, he scored 6½/8 on board one. At <a href="/wiki/27th_Chess_Olympiad" title="27th Chess Olympiad">Dubai 1986</a>, he scored 6/9 on board two. His last was <a href="/wiki/28th_Chess_Olympiad" title="28th Chess Olympiad">Thessaloniki 1988</a>, where on board two he scored 8/10. In Olympiad play, Karpov lost only two games out of 68 played.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To illustrate Karpov's dominance over his peers as champion, his score was +13−1=22 versus Spassky, +8=19 versus <a href="/wiki/Robert_H%C3%BCbner" title="Robert Hübner">Robert Hübner</a>, +12−1=29 versus <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Andersson" title="Ulf Andersson">Ulf Andersson</a>, +3−1=10 versus <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Smyslov" title="Vasily Smyslov">Vasily Smyslov</a>, +1=19 versus <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Tal" title="Mikhail Tal">Mikhail Tal</a>, +19-7=23 versus <a href="/wiki/Ljubomir_Ljubojevi%C4%87" title="Ljubomir Ljubojević">Ljubomir Ljubojević</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chessgames,_2002_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chessgames,_2002-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivalry_with_Kasparov">Rivalry with Kasparov</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Rivalry with Kasparov"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Karpov%E2%80%93Kasparov_rivalry#Overview" title="Karpov–Kasparov rivalry">Karpov–Kasparov rivalry § Overview</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karpov%E2%80%93Kasparov_rivalry&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <p>Karpov had cemented his position as the world's best player and world champion by the time <a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a> arrived on the scene. In their first match, the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="World Chess Championship 1984">World Chess Championship 1984</a> in Moscow, the first player to win six games would win the match. Karpov built a 4–0 lead after nine games. The next 17 games were drawn, setting a record for world title matches, and it took Karpov until game 27 to gain his fifth win. In game 31, Karpov had a winning position but failed to take advantage and settled for a draw. He lost the next game, after which 14 more draws ensued. Karpov held a solidly winning position in Game 41, but again blundered and had to settle for a draw. After Kasparov won games 47 and 48, FIDE President <a href="/wiki/Florencio_Campomanes" title="Florencio Campomanes">Florencio Campomanes</a> unilaterally terminated the match, citing the players' health.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov is said to have lost ten kilograms (22 lb) over the course of the match.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A rematch was set for later in 1985, also in Moscow. The events of the Marathon Match forced FIDE to return to the previous format, with a match limited to 24 games (with Karpov remaining champion if the match finished 12–12). Karpov needed to win the final game to draw the match and retain his title but lost, surrendering the title to his opponent. The final score was 13–11 (+3−5=16) in favour of Kasparov.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schakers_Kasparov,_Karpov_en_Timman_(v.l.n.r.)_op_OZ_Voorburgwal_bij_bezoek_aan_,_Bestanddeelnr_933-9647.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Schakers_Kasparov%2C_Karpov_en_Timman_%28v.l.n.r.%29_op_OZ_Voorburgwal_bij_bezoek_aan_%2C_Bestanddeelnr_933-9647.jpg/220px-Schakers_Kasparov%2C_Karpov_en_Timman_%28v.l.n.r.%29_op_OZ_Voorburgwal_bij_bezoek_aan_%2C_Bestanddeelnr_933-9647.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Schakers_Kasparov%2C_Karpov_en_Timman_%28v.l.n.r.%29_op_OZ_Voorburgwal_bij_bezoek_aan_%2C_Bestanddeelnr_933-9647.jpg/330px-Schakers_Kasparov%2C_Karpov_en_Timman_%28v.l.n.r.%29_op_OZ_Voorburgwal_bij_bezoek_aan_%2C_Bestanddeelnr_933-9647.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Schakers_Kasparov%2C_Karpov_en_Timman_%28v.l.n.r.%29_op_OZ_Voorburgwal_bij_bezoek_aan_%2C_Bestanddeelnr_933-9647.jpg/440px-Schakers_Kasparov%2C_Karpov_en_Timman_%28v.l.n.r.%29_op_OZ_Voorburgwal_bij_bezoek_aan_%2C_Bestanddeelnr_933-9647.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3778" data-file-height="2523" /></a><figcaption>Karpov, with Kasparov (left) and Dutch Grandmaster <a href="/wiki/Jan_Timman" title="Jan Timman">Jan Timman</a> (right) in Amsterdam, 1987</figcaption></figure> <p>Karpov remained a formidable opponent and the world No. 2 until the mid-1990s. He fought Kasparov in three more world championship matches in 1986 (held in London and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Leningrad</a>), 1987 (in <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a>), and 1990 (in New York City and <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>). All three matches were extremely close: the scores were 11½–12½ (+4−5=15), 12–12 (+4−4=16), and 11½–12½ (+3−4=17). In all three matches, Karpov had winning chances up to the last games. The ending of the 1987 Seville match was particularly dramatic. Karpov won the 23rd game when Kasparov miscalculated a combination. In the final game, needing only a draw to win the title, Karpov cracked under time pressure at the end of the first session of play, missed a variation leading to an almost forced draw, and allowed Kasparov to adjourn the game with an extra pawn. After a further mistake in the second session, Karpov was slowly ground down and resigned on move 64, ending the match and allowing Kasparov to keep the title.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> In their five world championship matches, Karpov scored 19 wins, 21 losses, and 104 draws in 144 games.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overall, Karpov played five matches against Kasparov for the title from 1984 to 1990 without ever defeating him in a match. According to chessgames.com, as of 2022, in Classical games, Kasparov leads Karpov with 28 wins, 20 losses, and 119 draws in 167 games. Including rapid/exhibition games, Kasparov leads Karpov with 39 wins, 25 losses, and 129 draws in 193 games.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="FIDE_champion_again_(1993–1999)"><span id="FIDE_champion_again_.281993.E2.80.931999.29"></span>FIDE champion again (1993–1999)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: FIDE champion again (1993–1999)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anatoly_Karpov.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Anatoly_Karpov.jpg/220px-Anatoly_Karpov.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Anatoly_Karpov.jpg/330px-Anatoly_Karpov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Anatoly_Karpov.jpg/440px-Anatoly_Karpov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="867" /></a><figcaption>Karpov in 1993</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1992, Karpov lost a Candidates Match against <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Short" title="Nigel Short">Nigel Short</a>. But in the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1993" title="World Chess Championship 1993">World Chess Championship 1993</a>, Karpov reacquired the FIDE World Champion title when Kasparov and Short split from FIDE. Karpov defeated Timman – the loser of the Candidates' final against Short. </p><p>The next major meeting of Kasparov and Karpov was the 1994 <a href="/wiki/Linares_chess_tournament" class="mw-redirect" title="Linares chess tournament">Linares chess tournament</a>. The field, in eventual finishing order, was Karpov, Kasparov, <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Shirov" title="Alexei Shirov">Shirov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Bareev" title="Evgeny Bareev">Bareev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik">Kramnik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%ABl_Lautier" title="Joël Lautier">Lautier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viswanathan_Anand" title="Viswanathan Anand">Anand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gata_Kamsky" title="Gata Kamsky">Kamsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veselin_Topalov" title="Veselin Topalov">Topalov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vasyl_Ivanchuk" title="Vasyl Ivanchuk">Ivanchuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Gelfand" title="Boris Gelfand">Gelfand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Illescas" title="Miguel Illescas">Illescas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judit_Polg%C3%A1r" title="Judit Polgár">Judit Polgár</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Beliavsky" title="Alexander Beliavsky">Beliavsky</a>; with an average <a href="/wiki/Elo_rating_system" title="Elo rating system">Elo rating</a> of 2685, the highest ever at that time. Impressed by the strength of the tournament, Kasparov had said several days before the tournament that the winner could rightly be called the world champion of tournaments. Perhaps spurred on by this comment, Karpov played the best tournament of his life. He was undefeated and earned 11 points out of 13 (the best world-class tournament winning percentage since Alekhine won <a href="/wiki/San_Remo_1930_chess_tournament" title="San Remo 1930 chess tournament">San Remo in 1930</a>), finishing 2½ points ahead of second-place Kasparov and Shirov. Many of his wins were spectacular (in particular, his win over Topalov is considered possibly the finest of his career). This performance against the best players in the world put his <a href="/wiki/Elo_rating_system" title="Elo rating system">Elo rating</a> tournament performance at 2985, the highest <a href="/wiki/Performance_rating_(chess)" title="Performance rating (chess)">performance rating</a> of any player in history up until 2009, when <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Carlsen" title="Magnus Carlsen">Magnus Carlsen</a> won the category XXI <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Spring_chess_tournament" title="Pearl Spring chess tournament">Pearl Spring chess tournament</a> with a performance of 3002. Chess statistician <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sonas" title="Jeff Sonas">Jeff Sonas</a> considers Karpov's Linares performance the best tournament result in history.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Karpov defended his FIDE title against the rising star <a href="/wiki/Gata_Kamsky" title="Gata Kamsky">Gata Kamsky</a> (+6−3=9) in 1996. In 1998, FIDE largely scrapped the old system of Candidates' Matches, instead having a large knockout event in which a large number of players contested short matches against each other over just a few weeks. In the first of these events, the <a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_1998" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 1998">FIDE World Chess Championship 1998</a>, champion Karpov was seeded straight into the final, defeating <a href="/wiki/Viswanathan_Anand" title="Viswanathan Anand">Viswanathan Anand</a> (+2−2=2, rapid tiebreak 2–0). In the subsequent cycle, the format was changed, with the champion having to qualify. Karpov refused to defend his title, and ceased to be FIDE World Champion after the <a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_1999" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 1999">FIDE World Chess Championship 1999</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Towards_retirement">Towards retirement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Towards retirement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karpov's classical tournament play has been seriously limited since 1997, since he prefers to be more involved in Russian politics. He had been a member of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Soviet" title="Supreme Soviet">Supreme Soviet</a> Commission for Foreign Affairs and the president of the Soviet Peace Fund before the Soviet Union dissolved. In addition, he has been involved in several disputes with FIDE.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the September 2009 FIDE rating list, he dropped out of the world's Top 100 for the first time. Karpov usually limits his play to exhibition events, and has revamped his style to specialize in rapid chess. In 2002, he won a match against Kasparov, defeating him in a rapid time control match 2½–1½. In 2006, he tied for first with Kasparov in a blitz tournament, ahead of Korchnoi and Judit Polgár.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Karpov and Kasparov played a mixed 12-game match from September 21–24, 2009, in <a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a>, Spain. It consisted of four rapid (or semi-rapid) and eight blitz games and took place exactly 25 years after the two players' legendary encounter at the <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1984" class="mw-redirect" title="World Chess Championship 1984">World Chess Championship 1984</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kasparov won the match 9–3. Karpov played a match against <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Seirawan" title="Yasser Seirawan">Yasser Seirawan</a> in 2012 in St. Louis, Missouri, an important center of the North American chess scene, winning 8–6 (+5−3=6).<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2012, he won the Cap d'Agde rapid tournament that bears his name (Anatoly Karpov Trophy), beating Vasyl Ivanchuk (ranked 9th in the October 2012 FIDE world rankings) in the final. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_and_political_career_after_retirement_from_chess">Professional and political career after retirement from chess</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Professional and political career after retirement from chess"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karpov_chess_school.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Karpov_chess_school.jpg/220px-Karpov_chess_school.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Karpov_chess_school.jpg/330px-Karpov_chess_school.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Karpov_chess_school.jpg/440px-Karpov_chess_school.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Karpov founded his chess school in the tan building. The sign bearing his name has been removed, and the school is in the process of changing its name.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2003, Karpov opened his first American chess school in <a href="/wiki/Lindsborg,_Kansas" title="Lindsborg, Kansas">Lindsborg, Kansas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 2, 2022, the school announced a name change to International Chess Institute of the Midwest due to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Karpov has been a member of the <a href="/wiki/6th_State_Duma" title="6th State Duma">sixth</a>, <a href="/wiki/7th_State_Duma" title="7th State Duma">seventh</a> and <a href="/wiki/8th_State_Duma" title="8th State Duma">eighth Russian State Dumas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2005, he has been a member of the <a href="/wiki/Public_Chamber_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Chamber of Russia">Public Chamber of Russia</a>. He has involved himself in several humanitarian causes, such as advocating the use of <a href="/wiki/Iodised_salt" title="Iodised salt">iodised salt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 17, 2012, Karpov supported the <a href="/wiki/Dima_Yakovlev_Law" title="Dima Yakovlev Law">Dima Yakovlev Law</a> banning adoption of Russian orphans by U.S. citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Karpov expressed support of the unilateral <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a>, and accused Europe of trying to demonize Putin.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2019, <a href="/wiki/Maxim_Dlugy" title="Maxim Dlugy">Maxim Dlugy</a> said that Karpov had been waiting since March for the approval of a non-immigrant visa to the United States, despite frequently visiting the country since 1972. Karpov had been scheduled to teach a summer camp at the Chess Max Academy. Dlugy said that Karpov had been questioned at the <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Moscow" title="Embassy of the United States, Moscow">US embassy in Moscow</a> about whether he planned to communicate with American politicians.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov was among the Russian State Duma members placed under sanctions by the EU and UK during the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2022, after the start of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, the FIDE Council suspended Karpov's title of FIDE Ambassador for Life.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2022, Karpov was placed in an <a href="/wiki/Induced_coma" title="Induced coma">induced coma</a> after receiving a head injury.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov's daughter Sofia and the Russian Chess Federation said that he had accidentally fallen.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov made a full recovery from the injury.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Candidate_for_FIDE_presidency">Candidate for FIDE presidency</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Candidate for FIDE presidency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2010, Karpov announced that he would be a candidate for the presidency of FIDE. The election took place in September 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/39th_Chess_Olympiad" title="39th Chess Olympiad">39th Chess Olympiad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May, a fundraising event took place in New York with the participation of Kasparov and Magnus Carlsen, who both supported his bid and campaigned for him.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nigel Short also supported Karpov's candidacy. On September 29, 2010, <a href="/wiki/Kirsan_Ilyumzhinov" title="Kirsan Ilyumzhinov">Kirsan Ilyumzhinov</a> was reelected as president of FIDE, 95 votes to 55.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Style">Style</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Karpov's playing style, described as a "<a href="/wiki/Boa_constrictor" title="Boa constrictor">boa constrictor</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is solidly <a href="/wiki/Positional_chess" class="mw-redirect" title="Positional chess">positional</a>, taking minimal risks but reacting mercilessly to the slightest error by his opponent. As a result, he is often compared to <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ra%C3%BAl_Capablanca" title="José Raúl Capablanca">José Raúl Capablanca</a>, the third world champion.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov himself describes his style as follows:</p><blockquote><p>Let us say the game may be continued in two ways: one of them is a beautiful tactical blow that gives rise to variations that don't yield to precise calculations; the other is clear positional pressure that leads to an endgame with microscopic chances of victory.... I would choose [the latter] without thinking twice. If the opponent offers keen play I don't object; but in such cases I get less satisfaction, even if I win, than from a game conducted according to all the rules of strategy with its ruthless logic.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_games">Notable games</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notable games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div role="note" class="side-box metadata side-box-right algebraic-notation"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This section uses <a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">algebraic notation</a> to describe chess moves.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1067748">Viktor Korchnoi vs. Anatoly Karpov, Moscow 1973</a> Karpov <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_(chess)" title="Sacrifice (chess)">sacrifices</a> a pawn for a strong center and <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#queenside" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § queenside" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">queenside</span></a></dfn> attack.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1068373">Anatoly Karpov vs. Gyula Sax, Linares 1983</a> Karpov sacrifices for an attack that wins the game 20 moves later, after another spectacular sacrifice from Karpov and counter-sacrifice from Sax. It won the tournament's first <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#brilliancy_prize" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § brilliancy prize" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">brilliancy prize</span></a></dfn>. This was not the first time Karpov used the sharp <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Scheveningen_Variation#Keres_Attack" title="Sicilian Defence, Scheveningen Variation">Keres Attack</a> (6.g4) – see his win in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1057525">Anatoly Karpov vs. Vlastimil Hort, Alekhine Memorial Tournament, Moscow 1971</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1038842">Anatoly Karpov vs. Veselin Topalov, Dos Hermanas 1994</a> This game features a <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_(chess)#Sham_sacrifices" title="Sacrifice (chess)">sham sacrifice</a> of two pieces, which Karpov regains with a <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#forcing_move" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § forcing move" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">forcing</span></a></dfn> variation, culminating in the win of an <a href="/wiki/The_exchange_(chess)" title="The exchange (chess)">exchange</a> with a technically won endgame.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hobbies">Hobbies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Hobbies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karpov's extensive stamp collection of <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Belgium" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Belgium">Belgian philately</a> and <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Belgian Congo stamps and postal history</a> covering mail from 1742 through 1980 was sold by <a href="/wiki/David_Feldman_(philatelist)" title="David Feldman (philatelist)">David Feldman's</a> auction company between December 2011<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 2012. He is also known to have large chess stamp and chess book collections. His private <a href="/wiki/Chess_library" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess library">chess library</a> consists of 9,000 books.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karpov is also an enthusiastic <a href="/wiki/Backgammon" title="Backgammon">Backgammon</a> player.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours_and_awards">Honours and awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Honours and awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_the_Fatherland" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Merit for the Fatherland">Order of Merit for the Fatherland</a>, 3rd class (2001) – for outstanding contribution to the implementation of charitable programmes, the strengthening of peace and friendship between the peoples</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friendship" title="Order of Friendship">Order of Friendship</a> (2011) – for his great contribution to strengthening peace and friendship between peoples and productive social activities</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lenin" title="Order of Lenin">Order of Lenin</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Red_Banner_of_Labour" title="Order of the Red Banner of Labour">Order of the Red Banner of Labour</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_(Ukraine)" title="Order of Merit (Ukraine)">Order of Merit</a>, 2nd class (Ukraine) (November 13, 2006) – for his contribution to the victims of the Chernobyl disaster</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Holy_Prince_Daniel_of_Moscow" title="Order of Holy Prince Daniel of Moscow">Order of Holy Prince Daniel of Moscow</a>, 2nd class (1996)</li> <li>Order of St. Sergius of Radonezh, 2nd class (2001)</li> <li>Medal "For outstanding contribution to the Collector business in Russia"</li> <li>Honorary member of the Soviet Philately Society (1979)</li> <li>Diploma of the State Duma of the Russian Federation No. 1</li> <li>Order "For outstanding achievements in sport" (Republic of Cuba)</li> <li>Medal of Tsiolkovsky Cosmonautics Federation of Russia</li> <li>Medal "For Strengthening the penal system", 1st and 2nd class</li> <li>Breastplate of the 1st degree of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)">Interior Ministry</a></li> <li>International Association of Chess Press, 9 times voted the best chess player of the year and awarded the "<a href="/wiki/Chess_Oscar" title="Chess Oscar">Chess Oscar</a>"</li> <li>Order of Saint Nestor the Chronicler, 1st class</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a> <a href="/wiki/90414_Karpov" class="mw-redirect" title="90414 Karpov">90414 Karpov</a> is named after Karpov<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Anatoly Karpov International Chess Tournament, an annual <a href="/wiki/Round-robin_tournament" title="Round-robin tournament">round-robin tournament</a> held in his honour in <a href="/wiki/Poikovsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Poikovsky">Poikovsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khanty-Mansi_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug">Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug</a>, Russia since 2000<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Karpov has authored or co-authored several books, most of which have been translated into English. </p> <ul><li>Karpov, A.E. Ninth vertical. 1978. Moscow: Molodaya Gvardia.</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKarpovRoshal1979" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly; <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Roshal" title="Alexander Roshal">Roshal, Alexander</a> (1979). <i>Chess Is My Life</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Press" title="Pergamon Press">Pergamon Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-0802-3119-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-0802-3119-5"><bdi>0-0802-3119-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chess+Is+My+Life&rft.pub=Pergamon+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-0802-3119-5&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rft.au=Roshal%2C+Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov1988" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (1988). <i>The Open Game in Action</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pavilion_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavilion Books">Batsford</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0713460964" title="Special:BookSources/978-0713460964"><bdi>978-0713460964</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Open+Game+in+Action&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0713460964&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov1988" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (1988). <i>The Semi-Open Game in Action</i>. <a href="/wiki/Collier_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Collier Books">Collier</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0020218012" title="Special:BookSources/978-0020218012"><bdi>978-0020218012</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Semi-Open+Game+in+Action&rft.pub=Collier&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0020218012&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov1990" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (1990). <i>The Closed Openings in Action</i>. <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Collier/MacMillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0020339854" title="Special:BookSources/978-0020339854"><bdi>978-0020339854</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Closed+Openings+in+Action&rft.pub=Collier%2FMacMillan&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0020339854&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov1990" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (1990). <i>The Semi-Closed Openings in Action</i>. Collier/MacMillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0020218050" title="Special:BookSources/978-0020218050"><bdi>978-0020218050</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Semi-Closed+Openings+in+Action&rft.pub=Collier%2FMacMillan&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0020218050&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov1990" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (1990). <i>Karpov on Karpov: Memoirs of a chess world champion</i>. Liberty Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-689-12060-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-689-12060-5"><bdi>0-689-12060-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karpov+on+Karpov%3A+Memoirs+of+a+chess+world+champion&rft.pub=Liberty+Publishing&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-689-12060-5&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span> (also a 1992 <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a> edition)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov1992" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (1992). <i>Beating the Grünfeld</i>. Batsford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-6468-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-6468-9"><bdi>978-0-7134-6468-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beating+the+Gr%C3%BCnfeld&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-7134-6468-9&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov2006" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (2006). <i>Caro-Kann Defence: Advance Variation and Gambit System</i>. Batsford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7134-9010-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7134-9010-1"><bdi>0-7134-9010-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Caro-Kann+Defence%3A+Advance+Variation+and+Gambit+System&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7134-9010-1&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov2007" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (2007). <i>My Best Games</i>. Edition Olms. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-2830-1002-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-2830-1002-7"><bdi>978-3-2830-1002-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+Best+Games&rft.pub=Edition+Olms&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-2830-1002-7&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpovHenley2007" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly; <a href="/wiki/Ron_Henley_(chess_player)" title="Ron Henley (chess player)">Henley, Ron</a> (2007). <i>Elista Diaries: Karpov–Kamsky, Karpov–Anand, Anand Mexico City 2007 World Chess Championship Matches</i>. Batsford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-923891-97-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-923891-97-8"><bdi>978-0-923891-97-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elista+Diaries%3A+Karpov%E2%80%93Kamsky%2C+Karpov%E2%80%93Anand%2C+Anand+Mexico+City+2007+World+Chess+Championship+Matches&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-923891-97-8&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rft.au=Henley%2C+Ron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov2007" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, Anatoly (2007). <i>How To Play The English Opening</i>. Batsford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-9065-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-9065-7"><bdi>978-0-7134-9065-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+To+Play+The+English+Opening&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7134-9065-7&rft.aulast=Karpov&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Reem2005" class="citation web cs1">van Reem, Eric (August 11, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=2569">"Karpov, Kortchnoi win Unzicker Gala"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ChessBase" title="ChessBase">ChessBase</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Karpov%2C+Kortchnoi+win+Unzicker+Gala&rft.pub=ChessBase&rft.date=2005-08-11&rft.aulast=van+Reem&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessbase.com%2Fnewsdetail.asp%3Fnewsid%3D2569&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span> In his 1994 book <i>My Best Games</i>, Karpov says he played some 200 tournaments and matches, and won more than 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eurasia-assembly.org/en/news/anatoly-karpov-elected-deputy-secretary-general-assembly">"Anatoly Karpov elected as Deputy Secretary General of the Assembly"</a>. <i>Official site of the Eurasian Peoples' Assembly</i>. February 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+site+of+the+Eurasian+Peoples%27+Assembly&rft.atitle=Anatoly+Karpov+elected+as+Deputy+Secretary+General+of+the+Assembly&rft.date=2021-02-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feurasia-assembly.org%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fanatoly-karpov-elected-deputy-secretary-general-assembly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>How Karpov Wins</i>, p. xiii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Deep Blue: An Artificial Intelligence Milestone</i>bats, p. 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeene1978" class="citation magazine cs1">Keene, Raymond (October 1978). "Anatoly Karpov". <i><a href="/wiki/Chess_Life_%26_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess Life & Review">Chess Life & Review</a></i>. Vol. XXIII, no. 10. p. 539.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Life+%26+Review&rft.atitle=Anatoly+Karpov&rft.volume=XXIII&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=539&rft.date=1978-10&rft.aulast=Keene&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArrabal1992" class="citation news cs1">Arrabal, Fernando (March 1, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/01/books/getting-it-off-his-chess.html">"Getting It Off His Chess"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Getting+It+Off+His+Chess&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.aulast=Arrabal&rft.aufirst=Fernando&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F03%2F01%2Fbooks%2Fgetting-it-off-his-chess.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KarpovOnKarpov-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KarpovOnKarpov_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpov,_A.1992" class="citation book cs1">Karpov, A. (1992). <i>Karpov on Karpov: A Memoirs of a Chess World Champion</i>. Atheneum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-689-12060-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-689-12060-5"><bdi>0-689-12060-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karpov+on+Karpov%3A+A+Memoirs+of+a+Chess+World+Champion&rft.pub=Atheneum&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-689-12060-5&rft.au=Karpov%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEditorial_Staff2022" class="citation web cs1">Editorial Staff (April 15, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessjournal.com/boris-spassky/">"Boris Spassky - The Russian Chess Grandmaster Legend - Chess Player Profile"</a>. <i>The Chess Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Chess+Journal&rft.atitle=Boris+Spassky+-+The+Russian+Chess+Grandmaster+Legend+-+Chess+Player+Profile&rft.date=2022-04-15&rft.au=Editorial+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessjournal.com%2Fboris-spassky%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ruchess.ru:443/en/persons_of_day/anatoly_karpov/">"ANATOLY KARPOV"</a>. <i>Федерация шахмат России</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.atitle=ANATOLY+KARPOV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fruchess.ru%3A443%2Fen%2Fpersons_of_day%2Fanatoly_karpov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Junior Meet". <i><a href="/wiki/Chess_Review" title="Chess Review">Chess Review</a></i>. Vol. 36, no. 4. April 1968. p. 99. <q>The Niemeyer International Junior Tournament in Groningen, Holland, went to Karpov of the Soviet Union with 5½–1½, half a point ahead of Jocha of Hungary.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Review&rft.atitle=Junior+Meet&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=99&rft.date=1968-04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.365chess.com/tournaments/EU-ch_U18_f-A_6768_1967/26508">"EU-ch U18 f-A 6768 1967"</a>. <i>365Chess.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=365Chess.com&rft.atitle=EU-ch+U18+f-A+6768+1967&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.365chess.com%2Ftournaments%2FEU-ch_U18_f-A_6768_1967%2F26508&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArrabal1992" class="citation news cs1">Arrabal, Fernando (March 1, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/01/books/getting-it-off-his-chess.html">"Getting It Off His Chess"</a>. <i>The NY Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+NY+Times&rft.atitle=Getting+It+Off+His+Chess&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.aulast=Arrabal&rft.aufirst=Fernando&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F03%2F01%2Fbooks%2Fgetting-it-off-his-chess.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.365chess.com/tournaments/Wch_U20_fin-A_1969/26788">"Wch U20 fin-A"</a>. 365Chess.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wch+U20+fin-A&rft.pub=365Chess.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.365chess.com%2Ftournaments%2FWch_U20_fin-A_1969%2F26788&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrifunovich1969" class="citation magazine cs1">Trifunovich, Petar (October 1969). "Tenth Junior World Championship. Stockholm, August 10 – 29, 1969". <i>Chess Review</i>. Vol. 37, no. 10. p. 315.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Review&rft.atitle=Tenth+Junior+World+Championship.+Stockholm%2C+August+10+%E2%80%93+29%2C+1969&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=315&rft.date=1969-10&rft.aulast=Trifunovich&rft.aufirst=Petar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.365chess.com/tournaments/Caracas_1970/22885">"Caracas 1970"</a>. <i>365Chess.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=365Chess.com&rft.atitle=Caracas+1970&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.365chess.com%2Ftournaments%2FCaracas_1970%2F22885&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKavalek1970" class="citation magazine cs1">Kavalek, Lubosh (September 1970). "Don't Walk – Run". <i>Chess Life & Review</i>. Vol. XXV, no. 9. p. 483. <q>Anatoli Karpov is a new International Grandmaster. Playing "waiting chess" he just made the grandmaster norm.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Life+%26+Review&rft.atitle=Don%27t+Walk+%E2%80%93+Run&rft.volume=XXV&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=483&rft.date=1970-09&rft.aulast=Kavalek&rft.aufirst=Lubosh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCramer1971" class="citation magazine cs1">Cramer, Fred (January 1971). "FIDE'S 41st -and Greatest -Congress". <i>Chess Life & Review</i>. Vol. XXVI, no. 1. p. 24. <q>The Congress awarded IGM titles to Anatoly Karpov and Buchuti Gurgenldze of the USSR and to Walter Browne of Australia.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Life+%26+Review&rft.atitle=FIDE%27S+41st+-and+Greatest+-Congress&rft.volume=XXVI&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1971-01&rft.aulast=Cramer&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.365chess.com/tournaments/Alekhine_mem_1971/23191">"Alekhine mem 1971"</a>. <i>www.365chess.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.365chess.com&rft.atitle=Alekhine+mem+1971&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.365chess.com%2Ftournaments%2FAlekhine_mem_1971%2F23191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olimpbase.org/Elo/player/Karpov,%20Anatoly.html">"FIDE rating history: Karpov, Anatoly"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FIDE+rating+history%3A+Karpov%2C+Anatoly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olimpbase.org%2FElo%2Fplayer%2FKarpov%2C%2520Anatoly.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olimpbase.org/ind-urs/urs-1973.html">"41st Soviet Chess Championship, Moscow 1973"</a>. <i>www.olimpbase.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.olimpbase.org&rft.atitle=41st+Soviet+Chess+Championship%2C+Moscow+1973&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olimpbase.org%2Find-urs%2Furs-1973.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.365chess.com/tournaments/Leningrad_Interzonal_1973/23554">"Leningrad Interzonal 1973"</a>. <i>www.365chess.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.365chess.com&rft.atitle=Leningrad+Interzonal+1973&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.365chess.com%2Ftournaments%2FLeningrad_Interzonal_1973%2F23554&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/zonals/1972-75q.htm">Zonal Qualifiers 1972-1975</a>, Mark Weeks' Chess Pages</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCramer1973" class="citation magazine cs1">Cramer, Fred (January 1973). "The 1973 Interzonals". <i>Chess Life & Review</i>. Vol. XXVIII, no. 1. p. 34.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Life+%26+Review&rft.atitle=The+1973+Interzonals&rft.volume=XXVIII&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=34&rft.date=1973-01&rft.aulast=Cramer&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">chessgames.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chess.pl?tid=79939"><i>Karpov - Korchnoi Candidates Final (1974)</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHochberg1975" class="citation magazine cs1">Hochberg, Burt (May 1975). "News & Views". <i>Chess Life and Review</i>. Newburgh, New York: United States Chess Federation.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Life+and+Review&rft.atitle=News+%26+Views&rft.date=1975-05&rft.aulast=Hochberg&rft.aufirst=Burt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrne1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrne_(chess_player)" title="Robert Byrne (chess player)">Byrne, Robert</a> (1976). <i>Anatoly Karpov, The Road to the World Chess Championship</i>. New York: Bantam Books. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-553-02876-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-553-02876-6"><bdi>0-553-02876-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatoly+Karpov%2C+The+Road+to+the+World+Chess+Championship&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Bantam+Books&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=0-553-02876-6&rft.aulast=Byrne&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Kasparov, <a href="/wiki/My_Great_Predecessors" title="My Great Predecessors">My Great Predecessors</a>, part IV: Fischer, p. 474</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.chessbase.com/post/karpov-interview-tania-sachdev">"Karpov on Fischer, Korchnoi, Kasparov and the chess world today"</a>. Chessbase. February 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Karpov+on+Fischer%2C+Korchnoi%2C+Kasparov+and+the+chess+world+today&rft.pub=Chessbase&rft.date=2020-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.chessbase.com%2Fpost%2Fkarpov-interview-tania-sachdev&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chesscafe.com/text/polgar26.pdf">an article</a> (PDF) published in 2004 on the Chesscafe website <a href="/wiki/Susan_Polgar" title="Susan Polgar">Susan Polgar</a> wrote: "I spoke to Boris Spassky about this same issue and he believes that Bobby would have won in 1975, but that Anatoly would have won the rematch."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sport-express.ru/chess/reviews/kak-prohodili-matchi-po-shahmatam-anatoliya-karpova-protiv-garri-kasparova-intervyu-1790651/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Каспаров получил от меня 48 бесплатных уроков". Большое интервью Карпова"</a>. <i>sport-express.ru</i> (in Russian). May 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sport-express.ru&rft.atitle=%22%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%BE%D1%82+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8F+48+%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%22.+%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.date=2021-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sport-express.ru%2Fchess%2Freviews%2Fkak-prohodili-matchi-po-shahmatam-anatoliya-karpova-protiv-garri-kasparova-intervyu-1790651%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WinningChessStrategies-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WinningChessStrategies_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeirawan2005" class="citation book cs1">Seirawan, Yasser (2005). <i>Winning Chess Strategies</i>. Microsoft Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1857443851" title="Special:BookSources/978-1857443851"><bdi>978-1857443851</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Winning+Chess+Strategies&rft.pub=Microsoft+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1857443851&rft.aulast=Seirawan&rft.aufirst=Yasser&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">chessgames.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chess.pl?tid=54641"><i>Karpov vs Korchnoi, 1978</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chessgames,_2002-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chessgames,_2002_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chessgames,_2002_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">chessgames.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessplayer?pid=20719"><i>Anatoly Karpov</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chess24.com/en/read/news/karpov-at-70-my-great-blunder-was-i-agreed-to-hold-the-match-with-kasparov-in-the-soviet-union">"Karpov at 70: "My great blunder was I agreed to hold the match with Kasparov in the Soviet Union"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>chess24.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chess24.com&rft.atitle=Karpov+at+70%3A+%22My+great+blunder+was+I+agreed+to+hold+the+match+with+Kasparov+in+the+Soviet+Union%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchess24.com%2Fen%2Fread%2Fnews%2Fkarpov-at-70-my-great-blunder-was-i-agreed-to-hold-the-match-with-kasparov-in-the-soviet-union&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/84kk$$.htm">1984 Karpov–Kasparov Title Match Highlights</a> Mark Weeks' Chess Pages</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chess.pl?tid=55015">"Karpov vs Kasparov, 1984-85"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Karpov+vs+Kasparov%2C+1984-85&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fchess.pl%3Ftid%3D55015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeeks" class="citation web cs1">Weeks, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/rvrygkak.htm">"World Chess Championship, The Great Rivalries, Kasparov - Karpov"</a>. <i>The Great Rivalries</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Great+Rivalries&rft.atitle=World+Chess+Championship%2C+The+Great+Rivalries%2C+Kasparov+-+Karpov&rft.aulast=Weeks&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mark-weeks.com%2Fchess%2Frvrygkak.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/ezsearch.pl?search=karpov+vs+kasparov">"Listing of games played between Karpov and Kasparov"</a>. <i>chessgames.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chessgames.com&rft.atitle=Listing+of+games+played+between+Karpov+and+Kasparov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chessgames.com%2Fperl%2Fezsearch.pl%3Fsearch%3Dkarpov%2Bvs%2Bkasparov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=5828">"Facts and figures: Magnus Carlsen's performance in Nanjing"</a>. ChessBase. Retrieved October 26, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard_Barden1999" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Barden" title="Leonard Barden">Leonard Barden</a> (September 4, 1999). "Games". <i>The Guardian</i>. Greater London. p. 37. <q>Anatoly Karpov refused to defend his title because of the absence of a challenge round and has now filed a breach of contract suit against the world chess body, claiming more than $1m in compensation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Games&rft.pages=37&rft.date=1999-09-04&rft.au=Leonard+Barden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lasvegassun.com/news/1999/jul/22/karpov-may-sue-over-lv-tourney/">"Karpov may sue over LV tourney - Las Vegas Sun Newspaper"</a>. <i>lasvegassun.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chess%3A%3B+Revengeful+Karpov+Presses+Like+a+Cool+Boa+Constrictor+Unsuspected+Strength+Shown&rft.date=1980-09-17&rft.aulast=Byrne&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1980%2F09%2F17%2Farchives%2Fchess-revengeful-karpov-presses-like-a-cool-boa-constrictor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodman1987" class="citation news cs1">Goodman, David (December 19, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/deec2a2e3dd5acb07764b0c37c19f3e2">"Karpov A Master Of Willpower, Squeeze Play With AM-World Chess"</a>. <i>AP News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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January 1973. p. 8. <q>His general style of play is rather calm, centered on positional considerations and somehow recalling Capablanca's attitudes towards the game.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chess+Life+%26+Review&rft.atitle=Keres+Annotates...+Two+Karpov+Wins&rft.volume=XXVIII&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1973-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHooperWhyld1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Vincent_Hooper" title="David Vincent Hooper">Hooper, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ken_Whyld" title="Ken Whyld">Whyld, Kenneth</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=edEZAQAAIAAJ&q=%22would+choose+the+latter+without+thinking+twice%22+%22of+victory%22"><i>The Oxford Companion to Chess</i></a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://poikovsky.dem.ru/background.htm">the original</a> on May 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=3rd+Karpov+International+Chess+Tournament&rft.atitle=Background+of+the+tournament&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoikovsky.dem.ru%2Fbackground.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Fine" title="Reuben Fine">Fine, Rueben</a> (1983). <i>The World's Great Chess Games</i>. <a href="/wiki/Dover_Publications" title="Dover Publications">Dover</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-486-24512-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-486-24512-8">0-486-24512-8</a>.</li> <li>Hurst, Sarah (2002). <i>Curse of Kirsan: Adventures in the Chess Underworld</i>. Russell Enterprises. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-88869-0-156" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-88869-0-156">978-1-88869-0-156</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKárolyiAplin2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tibor_K%C3%A1rolyi_(chess_player)" title="Tibor Károlyi (chess player)">Károlyi, Tibor</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nick_Aplin" title="Nick Aplin">Aplin, Nick</a> (2007). <i>Endgame Virtuoso Anatoly Karpov</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_in_Chess" class="mw-redirect" title="New in Chess">New in Chess</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5691-202-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5691-202-4"><bdi>978-90-5691-202-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Endgame+Virtuoso+Anatoly+Karpov&rft.pub=New+in+Chess&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-90-5691-202-4&rft.aulast=K%C3%A1rolyi&rft.aufirst=Tibor&rft.au=Aplin%2C+Nick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarolyi2011" class="citation book cs1">Karolyi, Tibor (2011). <i>Karpov's Strategic Wins 1: The Making of a Champion 1961–1985</i>. <a href="/wiki/Quality_Chess" title="Quality Chess">Quality Chess</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-906552-41-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906552-41-1"><bdi>978-1-906552-41-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karpov%27s+Strategic+Wins+1%3A+The+Making+of+a+Champion+1961%E2%80%931985&rft.pub=Quality+Chess&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-906552-41-1&rft.aulast=Karolyi&rft.aufirst=Tibor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarolyi2011" class="citation book cs1">Karolyi, Tibor (2011). <i>Karpov's Strategic Wins 2: The Prime Years 1986–2009</i>. Quality Chess. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-906552-42-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906552-42-8"><bdi>978-1-906552-42-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karpov%27s+Strategic+Wins+2%3A+The+Prime+Years+1986%E2%80%932009&rft.pub=Quality+Chess&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-906552-42-8&rft.aulast=Karolyi&rft.aufirst=Tibor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Karpov, Anatoly (2003). <i>Anatoly Karpov's Best Games</i>. <a href="/wiki/Anova_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Anova Books">Batsford</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7134-7843-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7134-7843-8">0-7134-7843-8</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKasparov2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Kasparov, Garry</a> (2006). <i><a href="/wiki/My_Great_Predecessors" title="My Great Predecessors">My Great Predecessors</a>, part V</i>. <a href="/wiki/Everyman_Chess" class="mw-redirect" title="Everyman Chess">Everyman Chess</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85744-404-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-85744-404-3"><bdi>1-85744-404-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+Great+Predecessors%2C+part+V&rft.pub=Everyman+Chess&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-85744-404-3&rft.aulast=Kasparov&rft.aufirst=Garry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkland1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Markland" title="Peter Markland">Markland, Peter</a> (1975). <i>The Best of Karpov</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-217534-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-217534-2"><bdi>978-0-19-217534-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Best+of+Karpov&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-19-217534-2&rft.aulast=Markland&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnatoly+Karpov" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_G._Winter" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward G. Winter">Winter, Edward G.</a>, editor (1981).<i>World Chess Champions</i>. <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Press" title="Pergamon Press">Pergamon Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-08-024094-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-08-024094-1">0-08-024094-1</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Anatoly Karpov</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" class="extiw" title="c:Anatoly Karpov">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov" class="extiw" title="q:Anatoly Karpov">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060629052152/http://www.karpov.on.ru/">Karpov's official homepage</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.365chess.com/players/Anatoly_Karpov">Anatoly Karpov</a> chess games at 365Chess.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessplayer?pid=20719">Anatoly Karpov</a> player profile and games at <a href="/wiki/Chessgames.com" title="Chessgames.com">Chessgames.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olimpbase.org/players/r93brrbf.html">Anatoly Karpov</a> Chess Olympiad record at OlimpBase.org</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Winter_(chess_historian)" title="Edward Winter (chess historian)">Edward Winter</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/korchnoikarpov.html">"Books about Korchnoi and Karpov"</a>, <i>Chess Notes</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224921/http://www.onlinechesslessons.net/2012/06/19/anatoly-karpov-interview/">25 minute video interview with Karpov</a>, OnlineChessLessons.NET, June 19, 2012</li> <li>"Anatoly Karpov tells all" (2015 interview by <i><a href="/wiki/Sport_Express" title="Sport Express">Sport Express</a></i>, translated by ChessBase): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.chessbase.com/post/anatoly-karpov-tells-all-1-4">part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.chessbase.com/post/anatoly-karpov-tells-all-2-4">part 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.chessbase.com/post/anatoly-karpov-tells-all-3-4">part 3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.chessbase.com/post/anatoly-karpov-tells-all-4-4">part 4</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer" title="Bobby Fischer">Bobby Fischer</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship" title="World Chess Championship">World Chess Champion</a> </b><br />1975–1985 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_des_%C3%89checs" class="mw-redirect" title="Fédération Internationale des Échecs">FIDE</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship" title="World Chess Championship">World Chess Champion</a> </b><br />1993–1999 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Khalifman" title="Alexander Khalifman">Alexander Khalifman</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Achievements </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer" title="Bobby Fischer">Bobby Fischer</a><br />Garry Kasparov</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_FIDE_chess_world_number_ones" title="List of FIDE chess world number ones">World No. 1</a> </b><br />January 1, 1976 – December 31, 1983<br />July 1, 1985 – December 31, 1985 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Garry Kasparov</a><br />Garry Kasparov</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship" title="World Chess Championship">World Chess Championships</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Chess_Championships" title="List of World Chess Championships">List of World Chess Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_World_Chess_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="History of World Chess Championships">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interregnum_of_World_Chess_Champions" title="Interregnum of World Chess Champions">Interregnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championships_(1998%E2%80%932004)" title="FIDE World Chess Championships (1998–2004)">Knockout format (1998–2004)</a><br /></li> <li>Qualification: <a href="/wiki/Chess_World_Cup" title="Chess World Cup">Chess World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_Grand_Swiss_Tournament" title="FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament">FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_Grand_Prix" title="FIDE Grand Prix">FIDE Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interzonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Interzonal">Interzonal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidates_Tournament" title="Candidates Tournament">Candidates Tournament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-FIDE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1886" title="World Chess Championship 1886">1886</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1889" title="World Chess Championship 1889">1889</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1890%E2%80%931891" title="World Chess Championship 1890–1891">1890–1891</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1892" title="World Chess Championship 1892">1892</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Steinitz" title="Wilhelm Steinitz">Steinitz</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1894" title="World Chess Championship 1894">1894</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1896%E2%80%931897" title="World Chess Championship 1896–1897">1896–1897</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1907" title="World Chess Championship 1907">1907</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1908" title="World Chess Championship 1908">1908</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1910_(Lasker%E2%80%93Schlechter)" title="World Chess Championship 1910 (Lasker–Schlechter)">1910 (Jan–Feb)</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1910_(Lasker%E2%80%93Janowski)" title="World Chess Championship 1910 (Lasker–Janowski)">1910 (Nov–Dec)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Lasker" title="Emanuel Lasker">Lasker</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1921" title="World Chess Championship 1921">1921</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ra%C3%BAl_Capablanca" title="José Raúl Capablanca">Capablanca</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1927" title="World Chess Championship 1927">1927</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1929" title="World Chess Championship 1929">1929</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1934" title="World Chess Championship 1934">1934</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alexander_Alekhine" title="Alexander Alekhine">Alekhine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1935" title="World Chess Championship 1935">1935</a> (<a href="/wiki/Max_Euwe" title="Max Euwe">Euwe</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1937" title="World Chess Championship 1937">1937</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alexander_Alekhine" title="Alexander Alekhine">Alekhine</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1948" title="World Chess Championship 1948">1948</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1951" title="World Chess Championship 1951">1951</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1954" title="World Chess Championship 1954">1954</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik" title="Mikhail Botvinnik">Botvinnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1957" title="World Chess Championship 1957">1957</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vasily_Smyslov" title="Vasily Smyslov">Smyslov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1958" title="World Chess Championship 1958">1958</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik" title="Mikhail Botvinnik">Botvinnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1960" title="World Chess Championship 1960">1960</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Tal" title="Mikhail Tal">Tal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1961" title="World Chess Championship 1961">1961</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik" title="Mikhail Botvinnik">Botvinnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1963" title="World Chess Championship 1963">1963</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1966" title="World Chess Championship 1966">1966</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tigran_Petrosian" title="Tigran Petrosian">Petrosian</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1969" title="World Chess Championship 1969">1969</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boris_Spassky" title="Boris Spassky">Spassky</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1972" title="World Chess Championship 1972">1972</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer" title="Bobby Fischer">Fischer</a>)</li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1975" title="World Chess Championship 1975">1975</a></s>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1978" title="World Chess Championship 1978">1978</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1981" title="World Chess Championship 1981">1981</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Karpov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1984%E2%80%931985" title="World Chess Championship 1984–1985">1984–1985</a> (no result)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1985" title="World Chess Championship 1985">1985</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1986" title="World Chess Championship 1986">1986</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1987" title="World Chess Championship 1987">1987</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1990" title="World Chess Championship 1990">1990</a> (<a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Kasparov</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Split title</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Professional_Chess_Association" title="Professional Chess Association">PCA/Classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1993" title="World Chess Championship 1993">1993</a>, <a href="/wiki/Classical_World_Chess_Championship_1995" title="Classical World Chess Championship 1995">1995</a> (<a href="/wiki/Garry_Kasparov" title="Garry Kasparov">Kasparov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_World_Chess_Championship_2000" title="Classical World Chess Championship 2000">2000</a>, <a href="/wiki/Classical_World_Chess_Championship_2004" title="Classical World Chess Championship 2004">2004</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik">Kramnik</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">FIDE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1993" title="World Chess Championship 1993">1993</a>, <a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_1996" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 1996">1996</a>, <a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_1998" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 1998">1998</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Karpov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_1999" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 1999">1999</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alexander_Khalifman" title="Alexander Khalifman">Khalifman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_2000" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 2000">2000</a> (<a href="/wiki/Viswanathan_Anand" title="Viswanathan Anand">Anand</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_2002" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 2002">2002</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Ponomariov" title="Ruslan Ponomariov">Ponomariov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_2004" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 2004">2004</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rustam_Kasimdzhanov" title="Rustam Kasimdzhanov">Kasimdzhanov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Chess_Championship_2005" title="FIDE World Chess Championship 2005">2005</a> (<a href="/wiki/Veselin_Topalov" title="Veselin Topalov">Topalov</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">FIDE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2006" title="World Chess Championship 2006">2006</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik">Kramnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2007" title="World Chess Championship 2007">2007</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2008" title="World Chess Championship 2008">2008</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2010" title="World Chess Championship 2010">2010</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2012" title="World Chess Championship 2012">2012</a> (<a href="/wiki/Viswanathan_Anand" title="Viswanathan Anand">Anand</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2013" title="World Chess Championship 2013">2013</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2014" title="World Chess Championship 2014">2014</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2016" title="World Chess Championship 2016">2016</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2018" title="World Chess Championship 2018">2018</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2021" title="World Chess Championship 2021">2021</a> (<a href="/wiki/Magnus_Carlsen" title="Magnus Carlsen">Carlsen</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2023" title="World Chess Championship 2023">2023</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ding_Liren" title="Ding Liren">Ding</a>), <a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2024" title="World Chess Championship 2024">2024</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gukesh_Dommaraju" title="Gukesh Dommaraju">Gukesh</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2026" title="World Chess Championship 2026">2026</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other world championships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_Olympiad" title="Chess Olympiad">Olympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship" title="World Rapid Chess Championship">Rapid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship_2019" title="World Rapid Chess Championship 2019">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship_2021" title="World Rapid Chess Championship 2021">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship_2022" title="World Rapid Chess Championship 2022">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship_2023" title="World Rapid Chess Championship 2023">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship_2024" title="World Rapid Chess Championship 2024">2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Blitz_Chess_Championship" title="World Blitz Chess Championship">Blitz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Blitz_Chess_Championship_2021" title="World Blitz Chess Championship 2021">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Blitz_Chess_Championship_2022" title="World Blitz Chess Championship 2022">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Blitz_Chess_Championship_2023" title="World Blitz Chess Championship 2023">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Blitz_Chess_Championship_2024" title="World Blitz Chess Championship 2024">2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Correspondence_Chess_Championship" title="World Correspondence Chess Championship">Correspondence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_World_Chess_Championship" title="Women's World Chess Championship">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Junior_Chess_Championship" title="World Junior Chess Championship">Junior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Youth_Chess_Championship" title="World Youth Chess Championship">Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Senior_Chess_Championship" title="World Senior Chess Championship">Senior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Computer_Chess_Championship" title="World Computer Chess Championship">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Solving_Championship" title="World Chess Solving Championship">Solving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess960_Championship" title="World Chess960 Championship">Chess960</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Fischer_Random_Chess_Championship_2019" title="FIDE World Fischer Random Chess Championship 2019">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_World_Fischer_Random_Chess_Championship_2022" title="FIDE World Fischer Random Chess Championship 2022">2022</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:World_Chess_Championships" title="Category:World Chess Championships">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Chess" title="Portal:Chess">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131674#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2784" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131674#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2784" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131674#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110783764">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/95195768">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/37111/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwttqxW9gd6VT9GPRMkjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118800604">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79063396">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119094542">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119094542">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36141889">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20040301006&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX995700">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068492731">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90064706">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000072615&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000055705&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/mkz129k54n1x1h6">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810596484905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007263779305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14065872">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:karpov.v-v.1">zbMATH</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1219336">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118800604.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118800604">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026945843">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6k79tkg">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&oldid=1273143150">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Karpov&oldid=1273143150</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1951_births" title="Category:1951 births">1951 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