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susceptibility</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: magnetic susceptibility"> <meta name="keywords" content="magnetic susceptibility"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="magnetic susceptibility"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1866</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: magnetic susceptibility</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1866</span> Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements of Urban Areas in Denizli City and Showing the Distributions of Heavy Metal Pollution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Aydin">Ali Aydin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three hundred and fifty soil samples were collected around the urban and residential area, for the purpose of a magnetic susceptibility study on pollution in Denizli City, Turkiye. Measurements of volume-specific magnetic susceptibility (к) and mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) show a significant variation range from place to place collected soil samples. In this study, we did a primary magnetic study near the high heavy traffic pollution in a part of Denizli city, Turkiye which was said the most polluted city in Aegean Region of Turkey. The magnetic susceptibility measurements increased from the garden area to residential area and reached the high levels near the industrial areas of the city. Magnetic particle concentration and grain size sourced exhaust gasses, and other pollution sources increase with the increasing distance from a residential area, indicating the high traffic road area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20susceptibility" title="magnetic susceptibility">magnetic susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20particle" title=" magnetic particle"> magnetic particle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denizli" title=" Denizli"> Denizli</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57092/magnetic-susceptibility-measurements-of-urban-areas-in-denizli-city-and-showing-the-distributions-of-heavy-metal-pollution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57092.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1865</span> Correlation Results Based on Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements by in-situ and Ex-Situ Measurements as Indicators of Environmental Changes Due to the Fertilizer Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurin%20Amalina%20Widityani">Nurin Amalina Widityani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adinda%20Syifa%20%20Azhari"> Adinda Syifa Azhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Twin%20Aji%20Kusumagiani"> Twin Aji Kusumagiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleonora%20%20Agustine"> Eleonora Agustine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fertilizer industry activities contribute to environmental changes. Changes to the environment became one of a few problems in this era of globalization. Parameters that can be seen as criteria to identify changes in the environment can be seen from the aspects of physics, chemistry, and biology. One aspect that can be assessed quickly and efficiently to describe environmental change is the aspect of physics, one of which is the value of magnetic susceptibility (χ). The rock magnetism method can be used as a proxy indicator of environmental changes, seen from the value of magnetic susceptibility. The rock magnetism method is based on magnetic susceptibility studies to measure and classify the degree of pollutant elements that cause changes in the environment. This research was conducted in the area around the fertilizer plant, with five coring points on each track, each coring point a depth of 15 cm. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were performed by in-situ and ex-situ. In-situ measurements were carried out directly by using the SM30 tool by putting the tools on the soil surface at each measurement point and by that obtaining the value of the magnetic susceptibility. Meanwhile, ex-situ measurements are performed in the laboratory by using the Bartington MS2B tool’s susceptibility, which is done on a coring sample which is taken every 5 cm. In-situ measurement shows results that the value of magnetic susceptibility at the surface varies, with the lowest score on the second and fifth points with the -0.81 value and the highest value at the third point, with the score of 0,345. Ex-situ measurements can find out the variations of magnetic susceptibility values at each depth point of coring. At a depth of 0-5 cm, the value of the highest XLF = 494.8 (x10-8m³/kg) is at the third point, while the value of the lowest XLF = 187.1 (x10-8m³/kg) at first. At a depth of 6-10 cm, the highest value of the XLF was at the second point, which was 832.7 (x10-8m³/kg) while the lowest XLF is at the first point, at 211 (x10-8m³/kg). At a depth of 11-15 cm, the XLF’s highest value = 857.7 (x10-8m³/kg) is at the second point, whereas the value of the lowest XLF = 83.3 (x10-8m³/kg) is at the fifth point. Based on the in situ and exsit measurements, it can be seen that the highest magnetic susceptibility values from the surface samples are at the third point. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20susceptibility" title="magnetic susceptibility">magnetic susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer%20plant" title=" fertilizer plant"> fertilizer plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bartington%20MS2B" title=" Bartington MS2B"> Bartington MS2B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SM30" title=" SM30"> SM30</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65609/correlation-results-based-on-magnetic-susceptibility-measurements-by-in-situ-and-ex-situ-measurements-as-indicators-of-environmental-changes-due-to-the-fertilizer-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65609.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1864</span> Measurements of Environmental Pollution in Chemical Fertilizer Industrial Area Using Magnetic Susceptibility Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramadhani%20Yasyfi%20Cysela">Ramadhani Yasyfi Cysela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adinda%20Syifa%20Azhari"> Adinda Syifa Azhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleonora%20Agustine"> Eleonora Agustine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about a quarter of the diseases facing mankind today occur due to environmental pollution. The soil is a part of environment that have a widespread problem. The contaminated soil should no longer be used to grow food because the chemicals can leech into the food and harm people who eat it. The chemical fertilizer industry gives specific effect due to soil pollution. To determine ammonia and urea emissions from fertilizer industry, we can use physical characteristic of soil, which is magnetic susceptibility. Rock magnetism is used as a proxy indicator to determine changes in physical properties. Magnetic susceptibilities of samples in low and high frequency have been measured by Bartington MS2B magnetic susceptibility measurement device. The sample was taken from different area which located closer by pollution source and far from the pollution source. The susceptibility values of polluted samples in topsoil were quite low, with range from 187.1- 494.8 [x 10-8 m3 kg-1] when free polluted area’s sample has high values (1188.7- 2237.8 [x 10-8 m3 kg-1 ]). From this studies shows that susceptibility values in areas of the fertilizer industry are lower than the free polluted area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title="environmental">environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20susceptibility" title=" magnetic susceptibility"> magnetic susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock%20magnetism" title=" rock magnetism"> rock magnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20pollution" title=" soil pollution"> soil pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65586/measurements-of-environmental-pollution-in-chemical-fertilizer-industrial-area-using-magnetic-susceptibility-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1863</span> Analysis of Pollution Caused by the Animal Feed Industry and the Fertilizer Industry Using Rock Magnetic Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kharina%20Budiman">Kharina Budiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adinda%20Syifa%20Azhari"> Adinda Syifa Azhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleonora%20Agustine"> Eleonora Agustine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Industrial activities get increase in this globalization era, one of the major impacts of industrial activities is a problem to the environment. This can happen because at the industrial production term will bring out pollutant in the shape of solid, liquid or gas. Normally this pollutant came from some dangerous materials for environment. However not every industry produces the same amount of pollutant, every industry produces different kind of pollution. To compare the pollution impact of industrial activities, soil sample has been taken around the animal feed industry and the fertilizer industry. This study applied the rock magnetic method and used Bartington MS2B to measured magnetic susceptibility (χ) as the physical parameter. This study tested soil samples using the value of susceptibility low frequency (χ lf) and Frequency Dependent (χ FD). Samples only taken in the soil surface with 0-5 cm depth and sampling interval was 20 cm. The animal feed factory has susceptibility low frequency (χ lf) = 111,9 – 325,7 and Frequency Dependent (χ FD) = 0,8 – 3,57 %. And the fertilizer factory has susceptibility low frequency (χ lf) = 187,1 – 494,8 and Frequency Dependent (χ FD) = 1,37 – 2,46 %. Based on the results, the highest value of susceptibility low frequency (χ lf) is the fertilizer factory, but the highest value of Frequency Dependent (FD) is the animal feed factory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial" title="industrial">industrial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20susceptibility" title=" magnetic susceptibility"> magnetic susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CF%87lf" title=" χlf"> χlf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CF%87fd" title=" χfd"> χfd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20feed%20industry%20and%20fertilizer%20industry" title=" animal feed industry and fertilizer industry"> animal feed industry and fertilizer industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65665/analysis-of-pollution-caused-by-the-animal-feed-industry-and-the-fertilizer-industry-using-rock-magnetic-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1862</span> Aptian Ramp Sedimentation of the Jebel Serdj Massif, North-Central Tunisia, and Sea Level Variations Recorded in Magnetic Susceptibility </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houda%20Khaled">Houda Khaled</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fredj%20Chaabani"> Fredj Chaabani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederic%20Boulvain"> Frederic Boulvain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Aptian series in north-central Tunisia was studied in detail regarding to lithology, microfacies, and magnetic susceptibility to provide new insights into the paleoenvironmental evolution and sea level changes in the carbonate platform. The study series is about 350 meters thick, and it consists of fives sequences of limestones, separated by four levels of marlstones and marly limestones. Petrographic study leads to the definition of 11 microfacies which are successively recorded along the Serdj section into the outer ramp, mid-ramp, inner ramp and coastal facies associations. The magnetic susceptibility of all samples was measured and compared with the facies and microfacies. There is a clear link between facies and magnetic susceptibility; the distal facies show high values while the proximal areas show lower values. The magnetic susceptibility profile reflects stratigraphic variations in response to relative changes in sea level and input of detrital materials. During the Aptian, kaolinite/illite intensity ratios show high values possibly indicating a warming trend followed then by decreasing values that may indicate a cooling trend. During the Albian, this cooling trend is reverted into humid/warming. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aptian" title="Aptian">Aptian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogy" title=" mineralogy"> mineralogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petrology" title=" petrology"> petrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serdj%20massif" title=" Serdj massif"> Serdj massif</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65959/aptian-ramp-sedimentation-of-the-jebel-serdj-massif-north-central-tunisia-and-sea-level-variations-recorded-in-magnetic-susceptibility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1861</span> Double Magnetic Phase Transition in the Intermetallic Compound Gd₂AgSi₃</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redrisse%20Djoumessi%20Fobasso">Redrisse Djoumessi Fobasso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baidyanath%20Sahu"> Baidyanath Sahu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andre%20M.%20Strydom"> Andre M. Strydom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The R₂TX₃ (R = rare-earth, T = transition, and X = s and p block element) series of compounds are interesting owing to their fascinating structural and magnetic properties. In this present work, we have studied the magnetic and physical properties of the new Gd₂AgSi₃ polycrystalline compound. The sample was synthesized by the arc-melting method and confirmed to crystallize in the tetragonal α-ThSi₂-type crystal structure with space group I4/amd. Dc– and ac–magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, electrical resistivity, and magnetoresistance measurements were performed on the new compound. The structure provides a unique position in the unit cell for the magnetic trivalent Gd ion. Two magnetic phase transitions were consistently found in dc- and ac-magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity at temperatures Tₙ₁ = 11 K and Tₙ₂ = 20 K, which is an indication of the complex magnetic behavior in this compound. The compound is found to be metamagnetic over a range of temperatures below and above Tₙ₁. From field-dependent electrical resistivity, it is confirmed that the compound shows unusual negative magnetoresistance in the antiferromagnetically ordered region. These results contribute to a better understanding of this class of materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20magnetic%20behavior" title="complex magnetic behavior">complex magnetic behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metamagnetic" title=" metamagnetic"> metamagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20magnetoresistance" title=" negative magnetoresistance"> negative magnetoresistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20magnetic%20phase%20transitions" title=" two magnetic phase transitions"> two magnetic phase transitions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120185/double-magnetic-phase-transition-in-the-intermetallic-compound-gd2agsi3" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120185.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1860</span> Exploration for Magnetic Minerals Using Geophysical Logging Techniques in the Northwestern Part of Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Selim%20Reza">Md. Selim Reza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Zohir%20Uddin"> Mohammad Zohir Uddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geophysical logging technique was conducted in a borehole in the north-western part of Bangladesh. The main objectives of this study were to identify the subsurface lithology and the presence of magnetic minerals within the basement complex. In this survey, full waveform sonic, magnetic susceptibility and natural gamma logs were conducted up to the depth of 660 m. From sonic log, three distinct velocity zones were observed at depths ranging from 20 m to 81 m, 81m to 360 m and 420 m to 660 m having the average velocity of 1600 m/s indicating unconsolidated sediment, 2500 m/s indicating hard, compact and matured sediments and 6300 m/s indicating basement complex respectively. Some low-velocity zones within the basement were identified as fractures/fissures. Natural gamma log was carried out only in the basement complex. According to magnetic susceptibility log, broadly three important zones were identified which had good agreement with the natural gamma, sonic as well as geological logs. The zone at the depth from 460 m to 470 m had the average susceptibility value of 3445 cgs unit. The average natural gamma value and sonic velocity in this zone are 150 cps and 3000 m/s respectively. The zone at the depth from 571 m to 598 m had the average susceptibility value of 5158 cgs unit with the average natural gamma value and sonic velocity are 160 cps and 6000 m/s respectively. On the other hand, the zone at the depth from 598 m to 620 m had the average susceptibility value of 1998 cgs unit with the average natural gamma value and sonic velocity show 200 cps and 3000 m/s respectively. From the interpretation of geophysical logs the 1st and 3rd zones within the basement complex are considered to be less significant whereas the 2nd zone is described as the most significant for magnetic minerals. Therefore, more drill holes are recommended on the anomalous body to delineate the extent, thickness and reserve of the magnetic body and further research are needed to determine the quality of mineral resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basement%20complex" title="basement complex">basement complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractures%2Ffissures" title=" fractures/fissures"> fractures/fissures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geophysical%20logging" title=" geophysical logging"> geophysical logging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithology" title=" lithology"> lithology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20susceptibility" title=" magnetic susceptibility"> magnetic susceptibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71382/exploration-for-magnetic-minerals-using-geophysical-logging-techniques-in-the-northwestern-part-of-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1859</span> Effect of Changing Iron Content and Excitation Frequency on Magnetic Particle Imaging Signal: A Comparative Study of Synomag® Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalthoum%20Riahi">Kalthoum Riahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Max%20T.%20Rietberg"> Max T. Rietberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javier%20Perez%20y%20Perez"> Javier Perez y Perez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Corn%C3%A9%20Dijkstra"> Corné Dijkstra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bennie%20ten%20Haken"> Bennie ten Haken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lejla%20Alic"> Lejla Alic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are widely used to facilitate magnetic particle imaging (MPI) which has the potential to become the leading diagnostic instrument for biomedical imaging. This comparative study assesses the effects of changing iron content and excitation frequency on point-spread function (PSF) representing the effect of magnetization reversal. PSF is quantified by features of interest for MPI: i.e., drive field amplitude and full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM). A superparamagnetic quantifier (SPaQ) is used to assess differential magnetic susceptibility of two commercially available MNPs: Synomag®-D50 and Synomag®-D70. For both MNPs, the signal output depends on increase in drive field frequency and amount of iron-oxide, which might be hampering the sensitivity of MPI systems that perform on higher frequencies. Nevertheless, there is a clear potential of Synomag®-D for a stable MPI resolution, especially in case of 70 nm version, that is independent of either drive field frequency or amount of iron-oxide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title="magnetic nanoparticles">magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MNPs" title=" MNPs"> MNPs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20magnetic%20susceptibility" title=" differential magnetic susceptibility"> differential magnetic susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DMS" title=" DMS"> DMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20particle%20imaging" title=" magnetic particle imaging"> magnetic particle imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPI" title=" MPI"> MPI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20relaxation" title=" magnetic relaxation"> magnetic relaxation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Synomag%C2%AE-D" title=" Synomag®-D"> Synomag®-D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131147/effect-of-changing-iron-content-and-excitation-frequency-on-magnetic-particle-imaging-signal-a-comparative-study-of-synomag-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1858</span> The Study of Magnetic and Transport Properties in Normal State Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Risdiana">Risdiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Suhendar"> D. Suhendar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Pratiwi"> S. Pratiwi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20Somantri"> W. A. Somantri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Saragi"> T. Saragi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superconductor is a promising material for future applications especially for energy saving because of their advantages properties such as zero electrical resistivity when they are cooled down to sufficiently low temperatures. However, the mechanism describing the role of physical properties in superconductor is far from being understood clearly, so that the application of this material for wider benefit in various industries is very limited. Most of superconductors are cuprate compounds, which has CuO2 as a conducting plane in their crystal structures. The study of physical properties through the partially substitution of impurity for Cu in superconducting cuprates has been one of great interests in relation to the mechanism of superconductivity. Different behaviors between the substitution of nonmagnetic impurity and magnetic impurity for Cu are observed. For examples, the superconductivity and Cu-spin fluctuations in the electron-doped system are suppressed through the substitution of magnetic Ni for Cu more markedly than through the substitution of nonmagnetic Zn for Cu, which is contrary to the result in the hole-doped system. Here, we reported the effect of partially substitution of magnetic impurity Fe for Cu to the magnetic and transport properties in electron-doped superconducting cuprates of Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ (ECCFO) with y = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05, in order to investigate the mechanism of magnetic and transport properties of ECCFO in normal-state. Magnetic properties are investigated by DC magnetic-susceptibility measurements that carried out at low temperatures down to 2 K using a standard SQUID magnetometer in a magnetic field of 5 Oe on field cooling. Transport properties addressed to electron mobility, are extracted from radius of electron localization calculated from temperature dependence of resistivity. For y = 0, temperature dependence of dc magnetic-susceptibility indicated the change of magnetic behavior from paramagnetic to diamagnetic below 15 K. Above 15 K, all samples show paramagnetic behavior with the values of magnetic moment in every volume unit increased with increasing y. Electron mobility decreased with increasing y. Some reasons for these results will be discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20magnetic-susceptibility" title="DC magnetic-susceptibility">DC magnetic-susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20mobility" title=" electron mobility"> electron mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eu1.85%2ByCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4%2B%CE%B1-%CE%B4" title=" Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ"> Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20state" title=" normal state"> normal state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29964/the-study-of-magnetic-and-transport-properties-in-normal-state-eu185yce015-ycu1-yfeyo4a-d" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1857</span> Estimation of Source Parameters Using Source Parameters Imaging Method From Digitised High Resolution Airborne Magnetic Data of a Basement Complex</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20T.%20Oluriz">O. T. Oluriz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20D.%20Akinyemi"> O. D. Akinyemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20A.Olowofela"> J. A.Olowofela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20A.%20Idowu"> O. A. Idowu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Ganiyu"> S. A. Ganiyu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out using aeromagnetic data which record variation in the magnitude of the earth magnetic field in order to detect local changes in the properties of the underlying geology. The aeromagnetic data (Sheet No. 261) was acquired from the archives of Nigeria Geological Survey Agency of Nigeria, obtained in 2009. The study present estimation of source parameters within an area of about 3,025 square kilometers on geographic latitude to and longitude to within Ibadan and it’s environs in Oyo State, southwestern Nigeria. The area under study belongs to part of basement complex in southwestern Nigeria. Estimation of source parameters of aeromagnetic data was achieve through the application of source imaging parameters (SPI) techniques that provide delineation, depth, dip contact, susceptibility contrast and mineral potentials of magnetic signatures within the region. The depth to the magnetic sources in the area ranges from 0.675 km to 4.48 km. The estimated depth limit to shallow sources is 0.695 km and depth to deep sources is 4.48 km. The apparent susceptibility values of the entire study area obtained ranges from 0.01 to 0.005 [SI]. This study has shown that the magnetic susceptibility within study area is controlled mainly by super paramagnetic minerals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aeromagnetic" title="aeromagnetic">aeromagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basement%20complex" title=" basement complex"> basement complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-sediment" title=" meta-sediment"> meta-sediment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precambrian" title=" precambrian"> precambrian</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3195/estimation-of-source-parameters-using-source-parameters-imaging-method-from-digitised-high-resolution-airborne-magnetic-data-of-a-basement-complex" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1856</span> The Reconstruction of Paleoenvironment Aptian Sediments of the Massive Serdj, North Central Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Khaled">H. Khaled</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Chaabani"> F. Chaabani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Boulvain"> F. Boulvain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper focuses on the studied of Aptian series that crops out at the Jebel Serdj in the north central Tunisia. The study series is about 590 meters thick and it is consisting of limestones, marly limestones associated with some levels of siltstones and marls. Two sections are studied in detail regarding lithology, microfacies, magnetic susceptibility and mineralogical composition to provide new insights into the paleoenvironmental evolution and paleoclimatological implications during this period. The following facies associations representing different ramp palaeoenvironments have been identified: mudstone–wackestone outer ramp facies; skeletal grainstone- packstone mid-ramp facies, packstone-grainstone inner-ramp facies which include a variety of organisms such as rudists and ooids and mudstone–wackestone coastal facies rich with miliolidea and orbitolines. The magnetic susceptibility (Xᵢₙ) of all samples was compared with the lithological and microfacies variation. We show that high values of magnetic susceptibility are correlated with the distal facies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aptian" title="Aptian">Aptian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serdj%20Formation" title=" Serdj Formation"> Serdj Formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemical" title=" geochemical"> geochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogy" title=" mineralogy"> mineralogy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77371/the-reconstruction-of-paleoenvironment-aptian-sediments-of-the-massive-serdj-north-central-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1855</span> Structural and Magnetic Properties of Undoped and Ni Doped CdZnS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabit%20Horoz">Sabit Horoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Ekicibil"> Ahmet Ekicibil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Sahin"> Omer Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Akyol"> M. Akyol</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, CdZnS and Ni-doped CdZnS quantum dots(QDs) were prepared by the wet-chemical method at room temperature using mercaptoethanol as a capping agent. The structural and magnetic properties of the CdZnS and CdZnS doped with different concentrations of Ni QDs were examined by XRD and magnetic susceptibility measurements, respectively. The average particles size of cubic QDs obtained by full-width half maxima (FWHM) analysis, increases with increasing doping concentrations. The investigation of the magnetic properties showed that the Ni-doped samples exhibit signs of ferromagnetism, on the other hand, un-doped CdZnS is diamagnetic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=un-doped%20and%20Ni%20doped%20CdZnS%20Quantum%20Dots%20%28QDs%29" title="un-doped and Ni doped CdZnS Quantum Dots (QDs)">un-doped and Ni doped CdZnS Quantum Dots (QDs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-precipitation%20method" title=" co-precipitation method"> co-precipitation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20and%20optical%20properties%20of%20QDs" title=" structural and optical properties of QDs"> structural and optical properties of QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diluted%20magnetic%20semiconductor%20materials%20%28DMSMs%29" title=" diluted magnetic semiconductor materials (DMSMs)"> diluted magnetic semiconductor materials (DMSMs)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55093/structural-and-magnetic-properties-of-undoped-and-ni-doped-cdzns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1854</span> Comparison of FASTMAP and B0 Field Map Shimming for 4T MRI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohan%20L.%20Jayatiake">Mohan L. Jayatiake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judd%20Storrs"> Judd Storrs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing-Huei%20Lee"> Jing-Huei Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The optimal MRI resolution relies on a homogeneous magnetic field. However, local susceptibility variations can lead to field inhomogeneities that cause artifacts such as image distortion and signal loss. The effects of local susceptibility variation notoriously increase with magnetic field strength. Active shimming improves homogeneity by applying corrective fields generated from shim coils, but requires calculation of optimal current for each shim coil. FASTMAP (fast automatic shimming technique by mapping along projections) is an effective technique for finding optimal currents works well at high-field, but is restricted to shimming spherical regions of interest. The 3D gradient-echo pulse sequence was modified to reduce sensitivity to eddy currents and used to obtain susceptibility field maps at 4T. Measured fields were projected onto first-and second-order spherical harmonic functions corresponding to shim hardware. A spherical phantom was used to calibrate the shim currents. Susceptibility maps of a volunteer’s brain with and without FASTMAP shimming were obtained. Simulations indicate that optimal shim currents derived from the field map may provide better overall shimming of the human brain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shimming" title="shimming">shimming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-field" title=" high-field"> high-field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active" title=" active"> active</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive" title=" passive"> passive</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33673/comparison-of-fastmap-and-b0-field-map-shimming-for-4t-mri" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1853</span> Investigation of the Litho-Structure of Ilesa Using High Resolution Aeromagnetic Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oladejo%20Olagoke%20Peter">Oladejo Olagoke Peter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adagunodo%20T.%20A."> Adagunodo T. A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogunkoya%20C.%20O."> Ogunkoya C. O.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research investigated the arrangement of some geological features under Ilesa employing aeromagnetic data. The obtained data was subjected to various data filtering and processing techniques, which are Total Horizontal Derivative (THD), Depth Continuation and Analytical Signal Amplitude using Geosoft Oasis Montaj 6.4.2 software. The Reduced to the Equator –Total Magnetic Intensity (TRE-TMI) outcomes reveal significant magnetic anomalies, with high magnitude (55.1 to 155 nT) predominantly at the Northwest half of the area. Intermediate magnetic susceptibility, ranging between 6.0 to 55.1 nT, dominates the eastern part, separated by depressions and uplifts. The southern part of the area exhibits a magnetic field of low intensity, ranging from -76.6 to 6.0 nT. The lineaments exhibit varying lengths ranging from 2.5 and 16.0 km. Analyzing the Rose Diagram and the analytical signal amplitude indicates structural styles mainly of E-W and NE-SW orientations, particularly evident in the western, SW and NE regions with an amplitude of 0.0318nT/m. The identified faults in the area demonstrate orientations of NNW-SSE, NNE-SSW and WNW-ESE, situated at depths ranging from 500 to 750 m. Considering the divergence magnetic susceptibility, structural style or orientation of the lineaments, identified fault and their depth, these lithological features could serve as a valuable foundation for assessing ground motion, particularly in the presence of sufficient seismic energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lineament" title="lineament">lineament</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aeromagnetic" title=" aeromagnetic"> aeromagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomaly" title=" anomaly"> anomaly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault" title=" fault"> fault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic" title=" magnetic"> magnetic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176552/investigation-of-the-litho-structure-of-ilesa-using-high-resolution-aeromagnetic-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1852</span> The Magnetic Susceptibility of the Late Quaternary Loess in North-East of Iran and Its Correlation with Other Palaeoclimatical Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fereshteh%20M.%20Haskouei">Fereshteh M. Haskouei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Alimohammadian"> Habib Alimohammadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnetic susceptibility (<em>χ</em>) is operational to identify of late quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles in loess-paleosol sequences. It is well accepted that many loess-paleosol sequences bear witness to cold-dry/warm-humid periods, well known as glacial-interglacial cycles, respectively. For this study, loess-paleosol sequence of north-east of Iran was magnetically investigated. The study area is situated at about 8 km away of Neka city, on the main road of Sari-Behshahr, in Mazandaran Province, north of Iran. The youngest deposits of study area are the late Quaternary wind-blown accumulations. In this study, the total number of 117 samples was collected from loess-paleosols units. After that, the natural remnant magnetization (NRM) and magnetic susceptibility (MS) of the samples were measured. Variation of MS of more than 110 loess samples was plotted to reveal the correlation of the MS and paleoclimatic changes. This study aims reconstruction of climatic changes (glacial-interglacial and stadials-interstadials cycles). To confirm our results we compared MS (χ) and the curves of other investigations in paleoclimatology. This correspondence abled us to recognize worldly events in the study area such as: Younger Dryas, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), deglaciation of Northern Hemisphere etc. The obtained magnetic data indicate that during almost 50 ka, at least two glacial-interglacial periods occurred in north-east of Iran. Further, variation of χ values revealed short period of climatically cycles known as stadials-interstadials. We recognized 4 stadials and a single stadial as colder sub-periods for S<sub>0</sub> (recently soil-paleosol) and S<sub>2</sub> (lower paleosol), respectively, Moreover, we recognized 6 warmer sub-periods (interstadials) for L<sub>1</sub> (upper loess) and one interstadial L<sub>2</sub> (lower loess). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glacial-interglacial%20cycles" title="glacial-interglacial cycles">glacial-interglacial cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=last%20glacial%20maximum%20%28LGM%29" title=" last glacial maximum (LGM)"> last glacial maximum (LGM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loess" title=" loess"> loess</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20susceptibility%20%28%CF%87%29" title=" magnetic susceptibility (χ)"> magnetic susceptibility (χ)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neka" title=" Neka"> Neka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stadials-interstadials%20sub-periods" title=" stadials-interstadials sub-periods"> stadials-interstadials sub-periods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=younger%20dryas" title=" younger dryas"> younger dryas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108548/the-magnetic-susceptibility-of-the-late-quaternary-loess-in-north-east-of-iran-and-its-correlation-with-other-palaeoclimatical-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1851</span> Magnetic Properties of Layered Rare-Earth Oxy-Carbonates Ln2O2CO3 (Ln = Nd, Sm, and Dy)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Arjun">U. Arjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Brinda"> K. Brinda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Padmanabhan"> M. Padmanabhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Nath"> R. Nath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polycrystalline samples of rare-earth oxy-carbonates Ln2O2CO3 (Ln = Nd, Sm, and Dy) are synthesized, and their structural and magnetic properties are investigated. All of them crystallize in a hexagonal structure with space group P6_3/mmc. They form a double layered structure with frustrated triangular arrangement of rare-earth magnetic ions. An antiferromagnetic transition is observed at TN ≈ 1.25 K, 0.61 K, and 1.21 K for Nd2O2CO3, Sm2O2CO3, and Dy2O2CO3, respectively. From the analysis of magnetic susceptibility, the value of the Curie-Weiss temperature θ_CW is obtained to be ≈ 21.7 K, 18 K, and 10.6 K for Nd2O2CO3, Sm2O2CO3, and Dy2O2CO3, respectively. The magnetic frustration parameter f ( = |θ_CW|/T_N) is calculated to be ≈ 17.4, 31, and 8.8 for Nd2O2CO3, Sm2O2CO3, and Dy2O2CO3, respectively which indicates that Sm2O2CO3 is strongly frustrated compared to its Nd and Dy analogues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20synthesis" title="chemical synthesis">chemical synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20and%20superexchange" title=" exchange and superexchange"> exchange and superexchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20capacity" title=" heat capacity"> heat capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetically%20ordered%20materials" title=" magnetically ordered materials"> magnetically ordered materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51205/magnetic-properties-of-layered-rare-earth-oxy-carbonates-ln2o2co3-ln-nd-sm-and-dy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1850</span> Design of Advanced Materials for Alternative Cooling Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emilia%20Olivos">Emilia Olivos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Arroyave"> R. Arroyave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Vargas-Calderon"> A. Vargas-Calderon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20E.%20Dominguez-Herrera"> J. E. Dominguez-Herrera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> More efficient cooling systems are needed to reduce building energy consumption and environmental impact. At present researchers focus mainly on environmentally-friendly magnetic materials and the potential application in cooling devices. The magnetic materials presented in this project belong to a group known as Heusler alloys. These compounds are characterized by a strong coupling between their structure and magnetic properties. Usually, a change in one of them can alter the other, which implies changes in other electronic or structural properties, such as, shape magnetic memory response or the magnetocaloric effect. Those properties and its dependence with external fields make these materials interesting, both from a fundamental point of view, as well as on their different possible applications. In this work, first principles and Monte Carlo simulations have been used to calculate exchange couplings and magnetic properties as a function of an applied magnetic field on Heusler alloys. As a result, we found a large dependence of the magnetic susceptibility, entropy and heat capacity, indicating that the magnetic field can be used in experiments to trigger particular magnetic properties in materials, which are necessary to develop solid-state refrigeration devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetic%20materials" title="ferromagnetic materials">ferromagnetic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetocaloric%20effect" title=" magnetocaloric effect"> magnetocaloric effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=materials%20design" title=" materials design"> materials design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20refrigeration" title=" solid state refrigeration"> solid state refrigeration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108024/design-of-advanced-materials-for-alternative-cooling-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1849</span> Magnetic Levitation Control: A Comparative Analysis of Two-Position and Tuned PID Methods Using Arduino Microcontrollers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Anthony%20S.%20Santillan">Charles Anthony S. Santillan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jude%20Noel%20P.%20Jarina"> Jude Noel P. Jarina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Mae%20A.%20Cuevas"> Patricia Mae A. Cuevas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julito%20B.%20A%C3%B1ora%20Jr."> Julito B. Añora Jr.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research examines the effectiveness of Two-Position and Tuned PID controllers in magnetic levitation systems. Magnetic levitation, a crucial technology in diverse industries, depends on meticulous control mechanisms for stability and performance. The study seeks to compare these two control strategies to ascertain their efficacy in practical applications. The paper explores the theoretical foundations of the controllers, presents an experimental methodology emphasizing setup and installation, and examines the results about stability, response time, and susceptibility to disturbances. By interpreting and discussing the findings, the research provides valuable perspectives on the practical ramifications of utilizing Two-Position and Tuned PID controllers in magnetic levitation systems. The conclusion encapsulates significant outcomes and proposes avenues for future research, thereby contributing to the progress of control strategies in magnetic levitation technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arduino" title="arduino">arduino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20analysis" title=" comparative analysis"> comparative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20levitation" title=" magnetic levitation"> magnetic levitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuned%20PID%20controller" title=" tuned PID controller"> tuned PID controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-position%20controller" title=" two-position controller"> two-position controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182331/magnetic-levitation-control-a-comparative-analysis-of-two-position-and-tuned-pid-methods-using-arduino-microcontrollers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1848</span> Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachinkumar%20Patil">Sachinkumar Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonali%20Patil"> Sonali Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shitalkumar%20Patil"> Shitalkumar Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanoparticles played important role in the biomedicine. New advanced methods having great potential apllication in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Now a day’s magnetic nanoparticles used in cancer therapy. Cancer is the major disease causes death. Magnetic nanoparticles show response to the magnetic field on the basis of this property they are used in cancer therapy. Cancer treated with hyperthermia by using magnetic nanoparticles it is unconventional but more safe and effective method. Magnetic nanoparticles prepared by using different innovative techniques that makes particles in uniform size and desired effect. Magnetic nanoparticles already used as contrast media in magnetic resonance imaging. A magnetic nanoparticle has been great potential application in cancer diagnosis and treatment as well as in gene therapy. In this review we will discuss the progress in cancer therapy based on magnetic nanoparticles, mainly including magnetic hyperthermia, synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles, mechanism of magnetic nanoparticles and application of magnetic nanoparticles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title="magnetic nanoparticles">magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20therapy" title=" cancer therapy"> cancer therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperthermia" title=" hyperthermia"> hyperthermia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=application" title=" application"> application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31421/magnetic-nanoparticles-for-cancer-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">639</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1847</span> Analysis of Magnetic Anomaly Data for Identification Structure in Subsurface of Geothermal Manifestation at Candi Umbul Area, Magelang, Central Java Province, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Kharisa">N. A. Kharisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Wulandari"> I. Wulandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Narendratama"> R. Narendratama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Faisal"> M. I. Faisal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Kirana"> K. Kirana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Zipora"> R. Zipora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Arfiansah"> I. Arfiansah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Suyanto"> I. Suyanto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acquisition of geophysical survey with magnetic method has been done in manifestation of geothermalat Candi Umbul, Grabag, Magelang, Central Java Province on 10-12 May 2013. This objective research is interpretation to interpret structural geology that control geothermal system in CandiUmbul area. The research has been finished with area size 1,5 km x 2 km and measurement space of 150 m. And each point of line space survey is 150 m using PPM Geometrics model G-856. Data processing was started with IGRF and diurnal variation correction to get total magnetic field anomaly. Then, advance processing was done until reduction to pole, upward continuation, and residual anomaly. That results become next interpretation in qualitative step. It is known that the biggest object position causes low anomaly located in central of area survey that comes from hot spring manifestation and demagnetization zone that indicates the existence of heat source activity. Then, modeling the anomaly map was used for quantitative interpretation step. The result of modeling is rock layers and geological structure model that can inform about the geothermal system. And further information from quantitative interpretations can be interpreted about lithology susceptibility. And lithology susceptibilities are andesiteas heat source has susceptibility value of (k= 0.00014 emu), basaltic as alteration rock (k= 0.0016 emu), volcanic breccia as reservoir rock (k= 0.0026 emu), andesite porfirtic as cap rock (k= 0.004 emu), lava andesite (k= 0.003 emu), and alluvium (k= 0.0007 emu). The hot spring manifestation is controlled by the normal fault which becomes a weak zone, easily passed by hot water which comes from the geothermal reservoir. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geological%20structure" title="geological structure">geological structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20system" title=" geothermal system"> geothermal system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic" title=" magnetic"> magnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=susceptibility" title=" susceptibility"> susceptibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19430/analysis-of-magnetic-anomaly-data-for-identification-structure-in-subsurface-of-geothermal-manifestation-at-candi-umbul-area-magelang-central-java-province-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1846</span> Investigation of Nd-Al-Fe Added Nd-Fe-B Alloy Produced by Arc Melting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BClten%20Sadullaho%C4%9Flu">Gülten Sadullahoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baki%20Altuncevahir"> Baki Altuncevahir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The scope of this study, to investigate the magnetic properties and microstructure of Nd₂Fe₁₄B₁ by alloying with Nd₃₃.₄Fe₆₂.₆Al₄, and heat treating it at different temperatures. The stoichiometric Nd₂Fe₁₄B hard magnetic alloy and Nd₃₃.₄Fe₆₂.₆Al₄ composition was produced by arc melting under argon atmosphere. The Nd₃₃.₄Fe₆₂.₆Al₄ alloy has added to the 2:14:1 hard magnetic alloy with 48% by weight, and melted again by arc melting. Then, it was heat treated at 600, 700 and 800˚C for 3h under vacuum. In AC magnetic susceptibility measurements, for the as-cast sample, the signals decreased sharply at 101 ˚C and 313 ˚C corresponding to the Curie temperatures of the two ferromagnetic phases in addition to Fe phase. For the sample annealed at 600 ˚C, two Curie points were observed at about 257˚C and at 313˚C. However, the phase corresponding to the Curie temperature of 101 ˚C was disappeared. According to the magnetization measurements, the saturation magnetization has the highest value of 99.8 emu/g for the sample annealed at 600 ˚C, and decreased to 57.66 and 28.6 emu/g for the samples annealed at 700˚ and 800 ˚C respectively. Heat treatment resulted in an evolution of the new phase that caused changes in magnetic properties of the alloys. In order to have a clear picture, the identification of these phases are being under the investigation by XRD and SEM–EDX analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NdFeB%20hard%20magnets" title="NdFeB hard magnets">NdFeB hard magnets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20magnetic%20materials" title=" bulk magnetic materials"> bulk magnetic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20melting" title=" arc melting"> arc melting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Curie%20temperature" title=" Curie temperature"> Curie temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20treatment" title=" heat treatment"> heat treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67627/investigation-of-nd-al-fe-added-nd-fe-b-alloy-produced-by-arc-melting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1845</span> The Influence of Reaction Parameters on Magnetic Properties of Synthesized Strontium Ferrite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bahgat">M. Bahgat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20M.%20Awan"> F. M. Awan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Hanafy"> H. A. Hanafy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The conventional ceramic route was utilized to prepare a hard magnetic powder (M-type strontium ferrite, SrFe12O19). The stoichiometric mixture of iron oxide and strontium carbonate were calcined at 1000°C and then fired at various temperatures. The influence of various reaction parameters such as mixing ratio, calcination temperature, firing temperature and firing time on the magnetic behaviors of the synthesized magnetic powder were investigated.The magnetic properties including Coercivity (Hc), Magnetic saturation (Ms), and Magnetic remnance (Mr) were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer. Morphologically the produced magnetic powder has a dense hexagonal grain shape structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20magnetic%20materials" title="hard magnetic materials">hard magnetic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20route" title=" ceramic route"> ceramic route</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strontium%20ferrite" title=" strontium ferrite"> strontium ferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20properties" title=" magnetic properties"> magnetic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21878/the-influence-of-reaction-parameters-on-magnetic-properties-of-synthesized-strontium-ferrite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">693</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1844</span> Thermomagnetic Convection of a Ferrofluid in a Non-Uniform Magnetic Field Induced a Current Carrying Wire</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashkan%20Vatani">Ashkan Vatani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Woodfield"> Peter Woodfield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nam-Trung%20Nguyen"> Nam-Trung Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dzung%20Dao"> Dzung Dao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermomagnetic convection of a ferrofluid flow induced by the non-uniform magnetic field around a current-carrying wire was theoretically analyzed and experimentally tested. To show this phenomenon, the temperature rise of a hot wire, immersed in DIW and Ferrofluid, as a result of joule heating has been measured using a transient hot-wire technique. When current is applied to the wire, a temperature gradient is imposed on the magnetic fluid resulting in non-uniform magnetic susceptibility of the ferrofluid that results in a non-uniform magnetic body force which makes the ferrofluid flow as a bulk suspension. For the case of the wire immersed in DIW, free convection is the only means of cooling, while for the case of ferrofluid a combination of both free convection and thermomagnetic convection is expected to enhance the heat transfer from the wire beyond that of DIW. Experimental results at different temperatures and for a range of constant currents applied to the wire show that thermomagnetic convection becomes effective for the currents higher than 1.5A at all temperatures. It is observed that the onset of thermomagnetic convection is directly proportional to the current applied to the wire and that the thermomagnetic convection happens much faster than the free convection. Calculations show that a 35% enhancement in heat transfer can be expected for the ferrofluid compared to DIW, for a 3A current applied to the wire. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title="cooling">cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferrofluid" title=" ferrofluid"> ferrofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermomagnetic%20convection" title=" thermomagnetic convection"> thermomagnetic convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62634/thermomagnetic-convection-of-a-ferrofluid-in-a-non-uniform-magnetic-field-induced-a-current-carrying-wire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1843</span> Magnetic Structure and Transitions in 45% Mn Substituted HoFeO₃: A Neutron Diffraction Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karthika%20Chandran">Karthika Chandran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pulkit%20Prakash"> Pulkit Prakash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amitabh%20Das"> Amitabh Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santhosh%20P.%20N."> Santhosh P. N.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rare earth orthoferrites (RFeO₃) exhibit interesting and useful magnetic properties like multiferroicity, magnetodielectric coupling, spin reorientation (SR) and exchange bias. B site doped RFeO₃ are attracting attention due to the complex and tuneable magnetic transitions. In this work, 45% Mn-doped HoFeO₃ polycrystalline sample (HoFe₀.₅₅Mn₀.₄₅O₃) was synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. The magnetic structure and transitions were studied by magnetization measurements and neutron powder diffraction methods. The neutron diffraction patterns were taken at 13 different temperatures from 7°K to 300°K (7°K and 25°K to 300°K in 25°K intervals). The Rietveld refinement was carried out by using a FULLPROF suite. The magnetic space groups and the irreducible representations were obtained by SARAh module. The room temperature neutron diffraction refinement results indicate that the sample crystallizes in an orthorhombic perovskite structure with Pnma space group with lattice parameters a = 5.6626(3) Ǻ, b = 7.5241(3) Ǻ and c = 5.2704(2) Ǻ. The temperature dependent magnetization (M-T) studies indicate the presence of two magnetic transitions in the system ( TN Fe/Mn~330°K and TSR Fe/Mn ~290°K). The inverse susceptibility vs. temperature curve shows a linear behavior above 330°K. The Curie-Weiss fit in this region gives negative Curie constant (-34.9°K) indicating the antiferromagnetic nature of the transition. The neutron diffraction refinement results indicate the presence of mixed magnetic phases Γ₄(AₓFᵧG <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20powder%20diffraction" title="neutron powder diffraction">neutron powder diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20orthoferrites" title=" rare earth orthoferrites"> rare earth orthoferrites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rietveld%20analysis" title=" Rietveld analysis"> Rietveld analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20reorientation" title=" spin reorientation"> spin reorientation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105883/magnetic-structure-and-transitions-in-45-mn-substituted-hofeo3-a-neutron-diffraction-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1842</span> Analytical Model for Vacuum Cathode Arcs in an Oblique Magnetic Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20W.%20Chen">P. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20T.%20Chang"> C. T. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Peng"> Y. Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Y.%20Wu"> J. Y. Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20J.%20Jan"> D. J. Jan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Manirul%20Ali"> Md. Manirul Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decade, the nature of cathode spot splitting and the current per spot depended on an oblique magnetic field was investigated. This model for cathode current splitting is developed that we have investigated with relationship the magnetic pressures produced by kinetic pressure, self-magnetic pressure, and changed with an external magnetic field. We propose a theoretical model that has been established to an external magnetic field with components normal and tangential to the cathode surface influenced on magnetic pressure strength. We mainly focus on developed to understand the current per spot influenced with the tangential magnetic field strength and normal magnetic field strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cathode%20spot" title="cathode spot">cathode spot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20arc%20discharge" title=" vacuum arc discharge"> vacuum arc discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oblique%20magnetic%20field" title=" oblique magnetic field"> oblique magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tangential%20magnetic%20field" title=" tangential magnetic field"> tangential magnetic field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52606/analytical-model-for-vacuum-cathode-arcs-in-an-oblique-magnetic-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1841</span> Consideration of Magnetic Lines of Force as Magnets Produced by Percussion Waves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20P%C3%A9rez%20S%C3%A1nchez">Angel Pérez Sánchez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Consider magnetic lines of force as a vector magnetic current was introduced by convention around 1830. But this leads to a dead end in traditional physics, and quantum explanations must be referred to explain the magnetic phenomenon. However, a study of magnetic lines as percussive waves leads to other paths capable of interpreting magnetism through traditional physics. Methodology: Brick used in the experiment: two parallel electric current cables attract each other if current goes in the same direction and its application at a microscopic level inside magnets. Significance: Consideration of magnetic lines as magnets themselves would mean a paradigm shift in the study of magnetism and open the way to provide solutions to mysteries of magnetism until now only revealed by quantum mechanics. Major findings: discover how a magnetic field is created, as well as reason how magnetic attraction and repulsion work, understand how magnets behave when splitting them, and reveal the impossibility of a Magnetic Monopole. All of this is presented as if it were a symphony in which all the notes fit together perfectly to create a beautiful, smart, and simple work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20lines%20of%20force" title="magnetic lines of force">magnetic lines of force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20attraction%20and%20repulsion" title=" magnetic attraction and repulsion"> magnetic attraction and repulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnet%20split" title=" magnet split"> magnet split</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20monopole" title=" magnetic monopole"> magnetic monopole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20lines%20of%20force%20as%20magnets" title=" magnetic lines of force as magnets"> magnetic lines of force as magnets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20lines%20of%20force%20as%20waves" title=" magnetic lines of force as waves"> magnetic lines of force as waves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172916/consideration-of-magnetic-lines-of-force-as-magnets-produced-by-percussion-waves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172916.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1840</span> Measurement of Susceptibility Users Using Email Phishing Attack</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cindy%20Sahera">Cindy Sahera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarwono%20Sutikno"> Sarwono Sutikno</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid technological developments also have negative impacts, namely the increasing criminal cases based on technology or cybercrime. One technique that can be used to conduct cybercrime attacks are phishing email. The issue is whether the user is aware that email can be misused by others so that it can harm the user's own? This research was conducted to measure the susceptibility of selected targets against email abuse. The objectives of this research are measurement of targets’ susceptibility and find vulnerability in email recipient. There are three steps being taken in this research, (1) the information gathering phase, (2) the design phase, and (3) the execution phase. The first step includes the collection of the information necessary to carry out an attack on a target. The next step is to make the design of an attack against a target. The last step is to send phishing emails to the target. The levels of susceptibility are three: level 1, level 2 and level 3. Level 1 indicates a low level of targets’ susceptibility, level 2 indicates the intermediate level of targets’ susceptibility, and level 3 indicates a high level of targets’ susceptibility. The results showed that users who are on level 1 and level 2 more that level 3, which means the user is not too careless. However, it does not mean the user to be safe. There are still vulnerabilities that may occur, such as automatic location detection when opening emails and automatic downloaded malware as user clicks a link in the email. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybercrime" title="cybercrime">cybercrime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=email%20phishing" title=" email phishing"> email phishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=susceptibility" title=" susceptibility"> susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title=" vulnerability"> vulnerability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66869/measurement-of-susceptibility-users-using-email-phishing-attack" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1839</span> Stabilization of Metastable Skyrmion Phase in Polycrystalline Chiral β-Mn Type Co₇Zn₇Mn₆ Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pardeep">Pardeep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yugandhar%20Bitla"> Yugandhar Bitla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Patra"> A. K. Patra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20A.%20Basheed"> G. A. Basheed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The topological protected nanosized particle-like swirling spin textures, “skyrmion,” has been observed in various ferromagnets with chiral crystal structures like MnSi, FeGe, Cu₂OSeO₃ alloys, however the magnetic ordering in these systems takes place at very low temperatures. For skyrmion-based spintronics devices, the skyrmion phase is required to stabilize in a wide temperature – field (T - H) region. The equilibrium skyrmion phase (SkX) in Co₇Zn₇Mn₆ alloy exists in a narrow T – H region just below transition temperature (TC ~ 215 K) and can be quenched by field cooling as a metastable skyrmion phase (MSkX) below SkX region. To realize robust MSkX at 110 K, field sweep ac susceptibility χ(H) measurements were performed after the zero field cooling (ZFC) and field cooling (FC) process. In ZFC process, the sample was cooled from 320 K to 110 K in zero applied magnetic field and then field sweep measurement was performed (up to 2 T) in positive direction (black curve). The real part of ac susceptibility (χ′(H)) at 110 K in positive field direction after ZFC confirms helical to conical phase transition at low field HC₁ (= 42 mT) and conical to ferromagnetic (FM) transition at higher field HC₂ (= 300 mT). After ZFC, FC measurements were performed i.e., sample was initially cooled in zero fields from 320 to 206 K and then a sample was field cooled in the presence of 15 mT field down to the temperature 110 K. After FC process, isothermal χ(H) was measured in positive (+H, red curve) and negative (-H, blue curve) field direction with increasing and decreasing field upto 2 T. Hysteresis behavior in χ′(H), measured after ZFC and FC process, indicates the stabilization of MSkX at 110 K which is in close agreement with literature. Also, the asymmetry between field-increasing curves measured after FC process in both sides confirm the stabilization of MSkX. In the returning process from the high field polarized FM state, helical state below HC₁ is destroyed and only the conical state is observed. Thus, the robust MSkX state is stabilized below its SkX phase over a much wider T - H region by FC in polycrystalline Co₇Zn₇Mn₆ alloy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skyrmions" title="skyrmions">skyrmions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20susceptibility" title=" magnetic susceptibility"> magnetic susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastable%20phases" title=" metastable phases"> metastable phases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20phases" title=" topological phases"> topological phases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148961/stabilization-of-metastable-skyrmion-phase-in-polycrystalline-chiral-v-mn-type-co7zn7mn6-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1838</span> Influence of Cation Substitution on Magnetic Transitions and Ordering in La2NixCo1-xMnO6 Compounds (x = 0.2 - 0.8)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amine.Harbia">Amine.Harbia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hicham.%20Moutaabbidb"> Hicham. Moutaabbidb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yann.%20Le%20Godecb"> Yann. Le Godecb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said.%20Benmokhtara"> Said. Benmokhtara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhammed.%20Moutaabbida"> Mouhammed. Moutaabbida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the structural and magnetic characteristics of newly synthesized double perovskite oxides, La₂NiₓCo1-xMnO₆, with x ranging from 0.2 to 0.8. Utilizing X-ray powder diffraction and SQUID magnetometry, we analyzed the compounds that consistently exhibit a monoclinic structure with the P21/n space group at ambient temperature. it findings reveal that as Ni2+ is progressively substituted by Co2+, there is a corresponding decrease in cell parameters, attributable to the smaller ionic radius of Ni2+ (0.69 Å) compared to Co2+ (0.74 Å). The crystal structure features octahedrally coordinated (Co/Ni)2+ and Mn4+ cations with oxygen, forming (Co/Ni)O6 and MnO6 octahedra linked via oxygen atoms along different crystallographic axes. Magnetic characterization conducted over a temperature range of 2 to 300 K in both DC and AC magnetic fields, showed a predominant paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition between 232 K and 260 K, with the Curie temperature notably increasing with higher x values. Samples with x=0.2, 0.25, and 0.5 exhibited a secondary PM-FM transition between 200 K and 208 K. Cation ordering was quantitatively assessed, indicating a higher ordering in Ni2+-rich samples (x=0.75 and 0.8) at over 96%, whereas the sample with x=0.25 showed minimal ordering. Furthermore, the out-of-phase component of the AC susceptibility displayed frequency-dependent transitions between 65 K and 110 K, suggesting the presence of superparamagnetic domains across all samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20perovskite%20oxides" title="double perovskite oxides">double perovskite oxides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20transitions" title=" magnetic transitions"> magnetic transitions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cation%20ordering" title=" cation ordering"> cation ordering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=squid%20magnetometry" title=" squid magnetometry"> squid magnetometry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186377/influence-of-cation-substitution-on-magnetic-transitions-and-ordering-in-la2nixco1-xmno6-compounds-x-02-08" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1837</span> Magnetic and Optical Properties of GaFeMnN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Abbad">A.Abbad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.A.Bentounes"> H.A.Bentounes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.Benstaali"> W.Benstaali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW) within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) is used to calculate the magnetic and optical properties of quaternary GaFeMnN. The results show that the compound becomes magnetic and half metallic and there is an apparition of peaks at low frequencies for the optical properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FP-LAPW" title="FP-LAPW">FP-LAPW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSDA" title=" LSDA"> LSDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20moment" title=" magnetic moment"> magnetic moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectivity" title=" reflectivity "> reflectivity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26313/magnetic-and-optical-properties-of-gafemnn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge 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