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Aridamérique — Wikipédia
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id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aridamérique</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 13 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Арыдаамерыка – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арыдаамерыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aridoam%C3%A8rica" title="Aridoamèrica – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aridoamèrica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Aridoamerica" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aridameriko" title="Aridameriko – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aridameriko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aridoam%C3%A9rica" title="Aridoamérica – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aridoamérica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%83%89%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB" title="アリドアメリカ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アリドアメリカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aridoamerika" title="Aridoamerika – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aridoamerika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aridoamerica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aridoam%C3%A9rica" title="Aridoamérica – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aridoamérica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Аридоамерика – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аридоамерика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Аридоамерика – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аридоамерика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Арідоамерика – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арідоамерика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E6%97%B1%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="干旱美洲 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="干旱美洲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q613648#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aridam%C3%A9rique" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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</div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aridam%C3%A9rique"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Aridam%C3%A9rique" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Aridam%C3%A9rique" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&oldid=214713312" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Aridam%C3%A9rique&id=214713312&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DAridam%25C3%25A9rique%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DAridam%25C3%25A9rique%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Aridam%C3%A9rique"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aridoamerica" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q613648" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-ebauche"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mesoamerican_icon2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mesoamerican_icon2.svg/41px-Mesoamerican_icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mesoamerican_icon2.svg/61px-Mesoamerican_icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mesoamerican_icon2.svg/81px-Mesoamerican_icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="513" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant l’<a href="/wiki/Civilisation_pr%C3%A9colombienne" class="mw-redirect" title="Civilisation précolombienne">Amérique précolombienne</a>.</strong> </p><p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment ?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="/wiki/Projet:Accueil" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Aridoamerica_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Aridoamerica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Aridoamerica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Aridoamerica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-Aridoamerica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Aridoamerica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-Aridoamerica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Aridamérique</figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b>Aridamérique</b> ou <b>Aridoamérique</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Espagnol" title="Espagnol">espagnol</a> : <span class="lang-es" lang="es"><i>Aridamérica</i></span> ou <i><span class="lang-es" lang="es">Aridoamérica</span></i>) est une vaste zone culturelle et écologique qui s'étend au nord-ouest de la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9soam%C3%A9rique" title="Mésoamérique">Mésoamérique</a> et qui se distinguait de cette dernière par son climat très aride. </p><p>Avant la colonisation européenne de ces territoires, ils ont très peu favorisé le développement de l'agriculture et de la sédentarisation<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En conséquence, les peuples aridoaméricains étaient en très grande majorité des chasseurs-cueilleurs nomades<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ; ils interagissaient beaucoup moins les uns avec les autres que les peuples mésoaméricains et leurs traditions culturelles étaient donc beaucoup plus diverses<sup id="cite_ref-pasado29_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pasado29-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historiographie">Historiographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Historiographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Historiographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le terme d'Aridoamérique a été inventé par <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kirchhoff" title="Paul Kirchhoff">Paul Kirchhoff</a> en complément de sa définition de la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9soam%C3%A9rique" title="Mésoamérique">Mésoamérique</a> et de l'<a href="/wiki/Oasisam%C3%A9rique" title="Oasisamérique">Oasisamérique</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Cependant, à la différence de cette aire culturelle nettement marquée par de nombreuses caractéristiques communes à tous les peuples mésoaméricains, l'Aridoamérique n'a pas de forte unité culturelle. En effet, sa fonction initiale était essentiellement de distinguer les cultures mésoaméricaines de celles qui s'étaient développées plus au nord. </p><p>Avant Kirchhoff, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kroeber" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred Kroeber">Alfred Kroeber</a> avait englobé cette région dans le Sud-Ouest (Southwest). Ce terme qui est plus employé en anglais, implique alors l'imposition d'une perspective géographique centrée sur les États-Unis. Cependant, les archéologues mexicains ont discuté du concept de cultures du Sud-Ouest, pour des raisons politiques évidentes, en argumentant que « le Sud-Ouest historiquement a toujours été le Nord ». </p><p>La création de ce concept moins cohérent et moins approfondi ultérieurement que celui de Mésoamérique est davantage liée à la méconnaissance des peuples qui ont habité cette région avant l'arrivée des Européens, plutôt que d'une unité culturelle particulièrement remarquable<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caractéristiques_culturelles"><span id="Caract.C3.A9ristiques_culturelles"></span>Caractéristiques culturelles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Caractéristiques culturelles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Caractéristiques culturelles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les peuples d'Aridoamérique, en raison du contexte écologique généralement aride dans lequel ils vivaient, étaient plus isolés et réduits en nombre que ceux de Mésoamérique. Leurs interactions politiques, culturelles et économiques étaient donc beaucoup moins soutenues et durables que celles des Mésoaméricains. Cela explique la grande diversité des traditions culturelles des peuples aridoaméricains<sup id="cite_ref-pasado29_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pasado29-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les peuples aridoaméricains, en raison du climat généralement aride, ont rarement et peu développé d'agriculture, et sont restés en très grande majorité des chasseurs-cueilleurs très peu carnivores et nomades<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Géographie"><span id="G.C3.A9ographie"></span>Géographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Géographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Géographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'Aridoamérique s'étend : </p> <ul><li>sur le territoire de l'actuel <a href="/wiki/Mexique" title="Mexique">Mexique</a> : <ul><li>presque tout le <a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a> et le <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a> ;</li> <li>une partie du nord de <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="État de San Luis Potosí">San Luis Potosí</a>, de <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_Zacatecas" class="mw-redirect" title="État de Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a> et de <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_Durango" class="mw-redirect" title="État de Durango">Durango</a> ;</li> <li>le <a href="/wiki/Coahuila" title="Coahuila">Coahuila</a> ;</li> <li>une majeure partie du <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_de_Chihuahua" class="mw-redirect" title="État de Chihuahua">Chihuahua</a>, au nord-est ;</li> <li>une partie de la côte ouest et du nord-est de <a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a> ;</li> <li>la <a href="/wiki/Basse-Californie_(%C3%89tat)" title="Basse-Californie (État)">Basse-Californie</a> ;</li></ul></li> <li>sur le territoire des actuels <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a> : <ul><li>presque toute la <a href="/wiki/Californie" title="Californie">Californie</a> ;</li> <li>presque tout le <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> ;</li> <li>la moitié ouest de l'<a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> ;</li> <li>un quart nord-ouest et un quart sud-est de l'<a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> ;</li> <li>presque tout le <a href="/wiki/Nouveau-Mexique" title="Nouveau-Mexique">Nouveau-Mexique</a> ;</li> <li>une partie du sud et de l'ouest du <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Il s'agit d'une zone d'une grande diversité écologique, mais principalement aride ou semi-aride. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Pasado">López Austin et López Luján 2001</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Pasado">López Austin et López Luján 2001</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pasado29-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pasado29_3-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-pasado29_3-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Pasado">López Austin et López Luján 2001</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Paul Kirchhoff, “Gatherers and farmers in the Greater Southwest : a problem in classification”, <i>American Anthropologist</i>, 56 (Special Southwest Issue), 1954, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">529-550</span>, repris par G.B. Nabhan, « Native crop diversity in Aridoamerica: conservation of regional gene pools », <i>Economic Botany</i>, 39/4, October 1985, p. 387-399.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Pasado">López Austin et López Luján 2001</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 29-30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Pasado">López Austin et López Luján 2001</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 27-28.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9soam%C3%A9rique" title="Mésoamérique">Mésoamérique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oasisam%C3%A9rique" title="Oasisamérique">Oasisamérique</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aridam%C3%A9rique&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Pasado"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_L%C3%B3pez_Austin" title="Alfredo López Austin">Alfredo <span class="nom_auteur">López Austin</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_L%C3%B3pez_Luj%C3%A1n" title="Leonardo López Luján">Leonardo <span class="nom_auteur">López Luján</span></a>, <cite class="italique" lang="es">El pasado indígena</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Fondo_de_Cultura_Econ%C3%B3mica" title="Fondo de Cultura Económica">Fondo de Cultura Económica</a>, El Colegio de México, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Fideicomiso Historia de las Américas / Historia », <time>1996</time> (<abbr class="abbr" title="réimpression">réimpr.</abbr> 2001), 306 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-968-16-6434-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-968-16-6434-3"><span class="nowrap">978-968-16-6434-3</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+pasado+ind%C3%ADgena&rft.pub=Fondo+de+Cultura+Econ%C3%B3mica&rft.aulast=L%C3%B3pez+Austin&rft.aufirst=Alfredo&rft.au=L%C3%B3pez+Luj%C3%A1n%2C+Leonardo&rft.date=1996&rft.tpages=306&rft.isbn=978-968-16-6434-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAridam%C3%A9rique"></span></span>.</li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Mexique" title="Portail du Mexique"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/39px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="39" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/58px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/77px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Mexique" title="Portail:Mexique">Portail du Mexique</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Am%C3%A9rique_pr%C3%A9colombienne" title="Portail de l’Amérique précolombienne"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mesoamerican_icon2.svg/28px-Mesoamerican_icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mesoamerican_icon2.svg/42px-Mesoamerican_icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mesoamerican_icon2.svg/56px-Mesoamerican_icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="513" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Am%C3%A9rique_pr%C3%A9colombienne" title="Portail:Amérique précolombienne">Portail de l’Amérique précolombienne</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Arch%C3%A9ologie" title="Portail de l’archéologie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Woman_head_louvre.gif/23px-Woman_head_louvre.gif" decoding="async" width="23" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Woman_head_louvre.gif/35px-Woman_head_louvre.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Woman_head_louvre.gif/46px-Woman_head_louvre.gif 2x" data-file-width="659" data-file-height="681" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a 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