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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Languages of the Netherlands</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="لغات هولندا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغات هولندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9F%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Γλώσσες της Ολλανδίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλώσσες της Ολλανδίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_de_los_Pa%C3%ADses_Bajos" title="Lenguas de los Países Bajos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguas de los Países Bajos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nederlandaj_lingvoj" title="Nederlandaj lingvoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nederlandaj lingvoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langues_aux_Pays-Bas" title="Langues aux Pays-Bas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langues aux Pays-Bas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teangacha_na_h%C3%8Dsilt%C3%ADre" title="Teangacha na hÍsiltíre – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teangacha na hÍsiltíre" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Նիդերլանդների լեզուներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նիդերլանդների լեզուներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_di_Belanda" title="Bahasa di Belanda – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa di Belanda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="قالب:لغات هولندا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قالب:لغات هولندا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talen_in_Nederland" title="Talen in Nederland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Talen in Nederland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbile_%C8%9A%C4%83rilor_de_Jos" title="Limbile Țărilor de Jos – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbile Țărilor de Jos" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Языки Нидерландов – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Языки Нидерландов" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Мови Нідерландів – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мови Нідерландів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taelen_in_Nederland" title="Taelen in Nederland – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Taelen in Nederland" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#efefef;">Languages of <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">Official</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regional_language" title="Regional language">Regional</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frisian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Frisian language">Frisian</a> (2.50%),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (<a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Netherlands" title="Caribbean Netherlands">Caribbean Netherlands</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-auto_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Papiamento" title="Papiamento">Papiamento</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a>);<sup id="cite_ref-auto_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Low_Saxon" title="Dutch Low Saxon">Dutch Low Saxon</a> (10.9%)<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Limburgish" title="Limburgish">Limburgish</a> (4.50%)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Minority_language" title="Minority language">Minority</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Immigrant</th><td class="infobox-data"><small> See further: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#Migration" title="Demographics of the Netherlands">Immigration to the Netherlands</a></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_language" title="Foreign language">Foreign</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (90%-93%) (excluding the BES Islands) <br /><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> (71%), <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (29%), <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> (5%)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">Signed</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch Sign Language</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Keyboard_layout" title="Keyboard layout">Keyboard layout</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin: 0 auto; text-align: center;">US international QWERTY<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KB_US-International.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/KB_US-International.svg/200px-KB_US-International.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="67" class="mw-file-element" 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#ccccff;">This article is a part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#ccccff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Languages of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch dialects">Dutch dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal"> <i>Low Saxon dialects</i></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Low_Saxon" title="Northern Low Saxon">Northern Low Saxon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gronings_dialect" title="Gronings dialect">Gronings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westphalian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Westphalian language">Westphalian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achterhooks_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Achterhooks dialect">Achterhooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%A8ents_dialects" title="Drèents dialects">Drèents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veluws_dialect" title="Veluws dialect">Veluws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallaans_dialect" title="Sallaans dialect">Sallaands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellingwarfs_dialect" title="Stellingwarfs dialect">Stellingwarfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweants_dialect" title="Tweants dialect">Tweants</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal"> <i>West Low Franconian dialects</i></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Flemish" title="West Flemish">West Flemish</a>/<a href="/wiki/French_Flemish" title="French Flemish">French Flemish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Flemish" title="East Flemish">East Flemish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeelandic" title="Zeelandic">Zeelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Dutch_dialects" title="Central Dutch dialects">Central Dutch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hollandic_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollandic dialect">Hollandic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_Dutch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indonesian Dutch (page does not exist)">Indonesian Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleverlandish" title="Kleverlandish">Kleverlandish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_Dutch" title="Surinamese Dutch">Surinamese Dutch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabantian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabantian dialect">Brabantian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antwerpian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Antwerpian dialect">Antwerpian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brusselian_dialect" title="Brusselian dialect">Brusselian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadsfries_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadsfries dialects">Stadsfries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bildts" title="Bildts">Bildts</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="text-align: left; font-weight: normal"> <i>East Low Franconian dialects</i></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limburgish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Limburgish language">Limburgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Limburgish_dialect" title="Southeast Limburgish dialect">Southeast Limburgish</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dutch_and_Low_Saxon_dialects" title="Template:Dutch and Low Saxon dialects"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dutch_and_Low_Saxon_dialects" title="Template talk:Dutch and Low Saxon dialects"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dutch_and_Low_Saxon_dialects" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dutch and Low Saxon dialects"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Foreign_languages_Netherlands,_2005.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Foreign_languages_Netherlands%2C_2005.png/275px-Foreign_languages_Netherlands%2C_2005.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Foreign_languages_Netherlands%2C_2005.png/413px-Foreign_languages_Netherlands%2C_2005.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Foreign_languages_Netherlands%2C_2005.png/550px-Foreign_languages_Netherlands%2C_2005.png 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption>Knowledge of foreign languages in the Netherlands, in percent of the population over 15, 2006. Data taken from an EU survey.<sup id="cite_ref-Ebs_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ebs-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Knowledge_German_Netherlands_2005.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Knowledge_German_Netherlands_2005.png/275px-Knowledge_German_Netherlands_2005.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Knowledge_German_Netherlands_2005.png/413px-Knowledge_German_Netherlands_2005.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Knowledge_German_Netherlands_2005.png/550px-Knowledge_German_Netherlands_2005.png 2x" data-file-width="781" data-file-height="417" /></a><figcaption>Knowledge of the German language in the Netherlands, 2005. According to the Eurobarometer: 70% of the respondents indicated that they know German well enough to have a conversation. Of these 12% (per cent, not percentage points) reported a very good knowledge of the language whereas 22% had a good knowledge and 43% basic German skills.</figcaption></figure> <p>The predominant language of the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> is <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>, spoken and written by almost all people in the Netherlands. Dutch is also spoken and official in <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>. It is a <a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West Germanic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Low_Franconian" title="Low Franconian">Low Franconian</a> language that originated in the Early Middle Ages (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 470) and was standardised in the 16th century. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_language" title="West Frisian language">West Frisian</a> is a co-official language in the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands" title="Provinces of the Netherlands">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Friesland" title="Friesland">Friesland</a>. West Frisian is spoken by 453,000 speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> is an official language in the special municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a> (<a href="/wiki/BES_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="BES Islands">BES Islands</a>), as well as the autonomous states of <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a>. It is widely spoken on Saba and Sint Eustatius. On Saba and St. Eustatius, the majority of the education is in English only, with some bilingual English-Dutch schools. 90-93% of the Dutch people can also speak English as a foreign language. (see also: <a href="/wiki/English_language_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="English language in the Netherlands">English language in the Netherlands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papiamento" title="Papiamento">Papiamento</a> is an official language in the special municipality of <a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a>. It is also the native language in the autonomous states of <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Saxon_dialects_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Low Saxon dialects in the Netherlands">Several dialects</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Low_Saxon" title="Dutch Low Saxon">Dutch Low Saxon</a> are spoken in much of the north-east of the country and are recognised as regional languages according to the <a href="/wiki/European_Charter_for_Regional_or_Minority_Languages" title="European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages">European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages</a>. Low Saxon is spoken by 1,798,000 speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Another Low Franconian dialect is <a href="/wiki/Limburgish" title="Limburgish">Limburgish</a>, which is spoken in the south-eastern province of <a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Netherlands)" title="Limburg (Netherlands)">Limburg</a>. <a href="/wiki/Limburgish" title="Limburgish">Limburgish</a> is spoken by 825,000 speakers. Though there are movements to have Limburgish recognised as an official language (meeting with varying amounts of success, having previously been recognised as a regional language) Limburgish consists of many differing dialects that share some common aspects, but are quite different.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>However, both <a href="/wiki/West_Low_German" class="mw-redirect" title="West Low German">Low Saxon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Limburgish" title="Limburgish">Limburgish</a> spread across the Dutch-German border and belong to a common Dutch-<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> <a href="/wiki/Dialect_continuum" title="Dialect continuum">dialect continuum</a>. </p><p>The Netherlands also has its separate <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch Sign Language</a>, called <i>Nederlandse Gebarentaal</i> (NGT). It has 17,500 users, and in 2021 received the status of recognised language.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 90%<sup id="cite_ref-Ebs_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ebs-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 93%<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the total population are able to converse in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, 71% in <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, 29% in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and 5% in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minority_languages,_regional_languages_and_dialects_in_the_Benelux"><span id="Minority_languages.2C_regional_languages_and_dialects_in_the_Benelux"></span>Minority languages, regional languages and dialects in the Benelux</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Minority languages, regional languages and dialects in the Benelux"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Dutch_dialects_according_to_Heeringa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Dutch_dialects_according_to_Heeringa.png/400px-Map_of_Dutch_dialects_according_to_Heeringa.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="394" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Dutch_dialects_according_to_Heeringa.png/600px-Map_of_Dutch_dialects_according_to_Heeringa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Dutch_dialects_according_to_Heeringa.png/800px-Map_of_Dutch_dialects_according_to_Heeringa.png 2x" data-file-width="1996" data-file-height="1968" /></a><figcaption> Minority languages, regional languages and dialects in the Netherlands and Belgium based on pronunciation differences using Levenshtein distance.</figcaption></figure> <p>The varieties in the Netherlands can be grouped into a major Low Franconian group, the one around <a href="/wiki/Almere" title="Almere">Almere</a> and the rest.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Limburg is divided into a small area around Weert, a large area until Venlo and an area North of this.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is another major group: Low Saxon divided into three areas.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Urk" title="Urk">Urk</a> is separate.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Friesland" title="Friesland">Friesland</a> hosts many of the varieties obtained.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can be divided into Frisian, archaic Frisian (<a href="/wiki/Hindeloopen" title="Hindeloopen">Hindeloopen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schiermonnikoog" title="Schiermonnikoog">Schiermonnikoog</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terschelling" title="Terschelling">Terschelling</a> island), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friso-Franconian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friso-Franconian (page does not exist)">Friso-Franconian</a> varieties (Frisian cities, <a href="/wiki/Midsland" title="Midsland">Midsland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ameland" title="Ameland">Ameland</a> island and <a href="/wiki/Het_Bildt" title="Het Bildt">Het Bildt</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Friso-Saxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Friso-Saxon">Friso-Saxon</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Stellingwerf" title="Stellingwerf">Stellingwerf</a> and variously also <a href="/wiki/Westerkwartier" title="Westerkwartier">Westerkwartier</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Possible clustering includes the following possible categories not mentioned hitherto: <i>Zeeland</i> and <i>Central Gelderland</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Midsland" title="Midsland">Midsland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ameland" title="Ameland">Ameland</a> island and <a href="/wiki/Het_Bildt" title="Het Bildt">Het Bildt</a> can be grouped together.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leeuwarden and possibly <a href="/wiki/Sneek" title="Sneek">Sneek</a> can be grouped together. Dokkum, Stavoren, Kollum and possibly Heerenveen can have single varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="West_Frisian">West Frisian</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: West Frisian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_language" title="West Frisian language">West Frisian</a> is an official language in the Dutch province of <a href="/wiki/Friesland" title="Friesland">Friesland</a> (<i>Fryslân</i> in West Frisian). The government of the Frisian province is bilingual. Since 1996 West Frisian has been recognised as an official minority language in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> under the <a href="/wiki/European_Charter_for_Regional_or_Minority_Languages" title="European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages">European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages</a>, although it had been recognised by the Dutch government as the second state language (<i>tweede rijkstaal</i>), with official status in Friesland, since the 1950s. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mutual_intelligibility" title="Mutual intelligibility">mutual intelligibility</a> in reading between Dutch and Frisian is limited. A <a href="/wiki/Cloze_test" title="Cloze test">cloze test</a> in 2005 revealed native Dutch speakers understood 31.9% of a West Frisian newspaper, 66.4% of an <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikaans language">Afrikaans</a> newspaper and 97.1% of a Dutch newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_language" title="West Frisian language">Westlauwers Frisian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wood_Frisian" class="mw-redirect" title="Wood Frisian">Wood Frisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_Frisian" class="mw-redirect" title="Clay Frisian">Clay Frisian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noordhoeks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noordhoeks (page does not exist)">Noordhoeks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zuidwesthoeks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zuidwesthoeks (page does not exist)">Zuidwesthoeks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindeloopers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindeloopers (page does not exist)">Hindeloopers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Westers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westers (page does not exist)">Westers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aasters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aasters (page does not exist)">Aasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schiermonnikoogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Schiermonnikoogs">Schiermonnikoogs</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Low_Saxon">Low Saxon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Low Saxon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Low_Saxon" title="Northern Low Saxon">Northern Low Saxon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gronings" class="mw-redirect" title="Gronings">Gronings</a>-<a href="/wiki/East_Frisian_Low_Saxon" title="East Frisian Low Saxon">East Frisian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kollumerpompsters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kollumerpompsters (page does not exist)">Kollumerpompsters</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoogelandsters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoogelandsters (page does not exist)">Hoogelandsters</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldambtsters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oldambtsters (page does not exist)">Oldambtsters</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Westerwolds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westerwolds (page does not exist)">Westerwolds</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veenkoloniaals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veenkoloniaals (page does not exist)">Veenkoloniaals</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stadsgronings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stadsgronings (page does not exist)">Stadsgronings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noordenvelds" class="mw-redirect" title="Noordenvelds">Noordenvelds</a> (Noord-Drents)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westphalian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Westphalian language">Westphalian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Westerkwartiers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westerkwartiers (page does not exist)">Westerkwartiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden-Drents" class="mw-redirect" title="Midden-Drents">Midden-Drents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuid-Drents" class="mw-redirect" title="Zuid-Drents">Zuid-Drents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellingwerfs" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellingwerfs">Stellingwerfs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gelders-Overijssels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gelders-Overijssels (page does not exist)">Guelderish-Overijssels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urkers" class="mw-redirect" title="Urkers">Urkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallands" class="mw-redirect" title="Sallands">Sallands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achterhoeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Achterhoeks">Achterhoeks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twents" class="mw-redirect" title="Twents">Twents</a> <ul><li>Oost-Twents</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vriezenveens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vriezenveens (page does not exist)">Vriezenveens</a> (this is actually a separate dialect because of Westfalian influences)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twents-Graafschaps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twents-Graafschaps (page does not exist)">Twents-Graafschaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veluws" class="mw-redirect" title="Veluws">Veluws</a> <ul><li>Oost-Veluws</li> <li>West-Veluws</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Low_Franconian">Low Franconian</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Low Franconian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Frisian mixed dialects <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stadsfries" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadsfries">Stadsfries</a></li> <li>Midlands</li> <li>Amelands</li> <li>Bildts</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Dutch_dialects" title="Central Dutch dialects">Central Dutch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_(dialect)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Frisian (dialect)">West Frisian</a> <ul><li>Mainland West Frisian</li> <li>Insular West Frisian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollandic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollandic">Hollandic</a> <ul><li>Kennemerlandic</li> <li>Zaans</li> <li>Waterlandic</li> <li>Amsterdams</li> <li>Strand-Hollands</li> <li>Haags</li> <li>Rotterdams</li> <li>Utrechts-Alblasserwaards</li> <li>Westhoeks</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleverlandish" title="Kleverlandish">Kleverlandish</a> <ul><li>Rivierenlands</li> <li>Liemers</li> <li>Nijmeegs</li> <li>North Limburgian</li></ul></li> <li>Central north Brabantian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeelandic" title="Zeelandic">Zeelandic</a>-<a href="/wiki/West_Flemish" title="West Flemish">West Flemish</a> (including <a href="/wiki/French_Flemish" title="French Flemish">French Flemish</a>) <ul><li>Zeelandic</li> <li>Burger-Zeeuws</li> <li>Coastal West Flemish</li> <li>Continental West Flemish</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Flemish" title="East Flemish">East Flemish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabantian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabantian dialect">Brabantian</a> <ul><li>Northwest Brabantian</li> <li>East Brabantian</li> <li>Kempen Brabantian</li> <li>South Brabantian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limburgish" title="Limburgish">Limburgish</a> <ul><li>West Limburgish</li> <li>Central Limburgish</li> <li>East Limburgish</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_Franconian">Central Franconian</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Central Franconian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ripuarian_language" title="Ripuarian language">Ripuarian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerkrade_dialect" title="Kerkrade dialect">Kerkrade dialect</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaals_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaals dialect">Vaals dialect</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Ripuarian is not recognised as a regional language of the Netherlands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rijksoverheid.nl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rijksoverheid.nl%2Fonderwerpen%2Ferkende-talen%2Ferkende-talen-in+nl%23%3A~%3Atext%3DNederlands%2520is%2520de%2520offici%25C3%25ABle%2520taal%2Cvoor%2520mensen%2520die%2520gebarentaal%2520gebruiken.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wetten.overheid.nl&rft.atitle=wetten.nl+-+Regeling+-+Invoeringswet+openbare+lichamen+Bonaire%2C+Sint+Eustatius+en+Saba+-+BWBR0028063&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwetten.overheid.nl%2FBWBR0028063%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0028142/HoofdstukIII/AfdelingVI/2/Artikel111/geldigheidsdatum_28-10-2014">"Regeling - Wet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba - BWBR0028142"</a>. <i>Wetten.overheid.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wetten.overheid.nl&rft.atitle=Regeling+-+Wet+openbare+lichamen+Bonaire%2C+Sint+Eustatius+en+Saba+-+BWBR0028142&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwetten.overheid.nl%2FBWBR0028142%2FHoofdstukIII%2FAfdelingVI%2F2%2FArtikel111%2Fgeldigheidsdatum_28-10-2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taal.phileon.nl/nedersaksisch.php">"Taal in Nederland .:. Nedersaksisch"</a>. <i>taal.phileon.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=taal.phileon.nl&rft.atitle=Taal+in+Nederland+.%3A.+Nedersaksisch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaal.phileon.nl%2Fnedersaksisch.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dutchnews.nl/features/2012/01/minority_languages_in_the_neth/">"Minority languages in the Netherlands: Do you speak Lower Saxon?"</a>. 30 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minority+languages+in+the+Netherlands%3A+Do+you+speak+Lower+Saxon%3F&rft.date=2012-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dutchnews.nl%2Ffeatures%2F2012%2F01%2Fminority_languages_in_the_neth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160106183351/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_en.pdf">"EUROPEANS AND THEIR LANGUAGES"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 6 January 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_en.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EUROPEANS+AND+THEIR+LANGUAGES&rft.date=2016-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fpublic_opinion%2Farchives%2Febs%2Febs_386_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ebs-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ebs_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ebs_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/f551bd64-8615-4781-9be1-c592217dad83">"EUROPEANS AND THEIR LANGUAGES"</a>. <i>Ec.europa.eu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-08-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=EUROPEANS+AND+THEIR+LANGUAGES&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fop.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fpublication-detail%2F-%2Fpublication%2Ff551bd64-8615-4781-9be1-c592217dad83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taal.phileon.nl/fries.php">"Taal in Nederland .:. Fries"</a>. <i>taal.phileon.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=taal.phileon.nl&rft.atitle=Taal+in+Nederland+.%3A.+Fries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaal.phileon.nl%2Ffries.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taal.phileon.nl/lim_situatie.php">"Taal in Nederland .:. Limburgs"</a>. <i>taal.phileon.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=taal.phileon.nl&rft.atitle=Taal+in+Nederland+.%3A.+Limburgs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaal.phileon.nl%2Flim_situatie.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rapport "Meer dan een gebaar" en "actualisatie 1997-2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304222138/https://alisonedwardsdotcom.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/phd-thesis_edwards.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"English in the Netherlands: Functions, forms and attitudes" p. 316 and onwards"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Alisonedwardsdotcom.files.wordpress.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alisonedwardsdotcom.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/phd-thesis_edwards.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alisonedwardsdotcom.files.wordpress.com&rft.atitle=%22English+in+the+Netherlands%3A+Functions%2C+forms+and+attitudes%22+p.+316+and+onwards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falisonedwardsdotcom.files.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F04%2Fphd-thesis_edwards.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-researchgate.net-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/240956524">"To What Extent are Surnames Words? Comparing Geographic Patterns of Surname and Dialect Variation in the Netherlands"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=To+What+Extent+are+Surnames+Words%3F+Comparing+Geographic+Patterns+of+Surname+and+Dialect+Variation+in+the+Netherlands&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F240956524&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBezooijenGooskens2005" class="citation journal cs1">Bezooijen, Renée van; Gooskens, Charlotte (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.let.rug.nl/gooskens/pdf/publ_lingneth_2005.pdf">"How easy is it for speakers of Dutch to understand Frisian and Afrikaans, and why?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Linguistics in the Netherlands</i>. <b>22</b>: 18, 21, 22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Linguistics+in+the+Netherlands&rft.atitle=How+easy+is+it+for+speakers+of+Dutch+to+understand+Frisian+and+Afrikaans%2C+and+why%3F&rft.volume=22&rft.pages=18%2C+21%2C+22&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Bezooijen&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9e+van&rft.au=Gooskens%2C+Charlotte&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.let.rug.nl%2Fgooskens%2Fpdf%2Fpubl_lingneth_2005.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150221111356/http://www.kerkrade.nl/de_stad_kerkrade/kerkrade_toen_en_nu/kirchroadsj_plat">"Gemeente Kerkrade - Kirchröadsj Plat"</a>. <i>www.kerkrade.nl</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kerkrade.nl/de_stad_kerkrade/kerkrade_toen_en_nu/kirchroadsj_plat">the original</a> on 21 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kerkrade.nl&rft.atitle=Gemeente+Kerkrade+-+Kirchr%C3%B6adsj+Plat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kerkrade.nl%2Fde_stad_kerkrade%2Fkerkrade_toen_en_nu%2Fkirchroadsj_plat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vaals.nl/voor-inwoners/cittaslow-gemeente_3683/">"Cittaslow Vaals: verrassend, veelzijdig, veelkleurig"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cittaslow+Vaals%3A+verrassend%2C+veelzijdig%2C+veelkleurig&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaals.nl%2Fvoor-inwoners%2Fcittaslow-gemeente_3683%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span> The PDF file can be accessed at the bottom of the page. The relevant citation is on the page 13: "De enige taal waarin Vaals echt te beschrijven en te bezingen valt is natuurlijk het Völser dialect. Dit dialect valt onder het zogenaamde Ripuarisch."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notations">Notations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taal.phileon.nl/fries.php">"Taal in Nederland .:. Fries"</a>. <i>taal.phileon.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=taal.phileon.nl&rft.atitle=Taal+in+Nederland+.%3A.+Fries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaal.phileon.nl%2Ffries.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taal.phileon.nl/nedersaksisch.php">"Taal in Nederland .:. Nedersaksisch"</a>. <i>taal.phileon.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=taal.phileon.nl&rft.atitle=Taal+in+Nederland+.%3A.+Nedersaksisch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaal.phileon.nl%2Fnedersaksisch.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taal.phileon.nl/lim_situatie.php">"Taal in Nederland .:. Limburgs"</a>. <i>taal.phileon.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=taal.phileon.nl&rft.atitle=Taal+in+Nederland+.%3A.+Limburgs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaal.phileon.nl%2Flim_situatie.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGinsburghIgnacio_Ortuño-OrtinShlomo_Weber2005" class="citation web cs1">Ginsburgh, Victor; Ignacio Ortuño-Ortin; Shlomo Weber (February 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071025011303/http://bib17.ulb.ac.be:8080/dspace/bitstream/2013/1957/1/vg-0155.pdf">"Why Do People Learn Foreign Languages?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Université libre de Bruxelles. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bib17.ulb.ac.be:8080/dspace/bitstream/2013/1957/1/vg-0155.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2007-10-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Do+People+Learn+Foreign+Languages%3F&rft.pub=Universit%C3%A9+libre+de+Bruxelles&rft.date=2005-02&rft.aulast=Ginsburgh&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.au=Ignacio+Ortu%C3%B1o-Ortin&rft.au=Shlomo+Weber&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbib17.ulb.ac.be%3A8080%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F2013%2F1957%2F1%2Fvg-0155.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALanguages+of+the+Netherlands" class="Z3988"></span> - specifically, see Table 2.</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_the_Netherlands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_the_Netherlands" title="Template:Languages of the Netherlands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_the_Netherlands" title="Template talk:Languages of the Netherlands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_the_Netherlands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of the Netherlands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_the_Netherlands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Languages of the Netherlands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> (national)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_in_the_Netherlands" title="English in the Netherlands">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_language" title="West Frisian language">West Frisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papiamento" title="Papiamento">Papiamento</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-official</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambonese_Malay" title="Ambonese Malay">Ambonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limburgish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Limburgish language">Limburgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Low_Saxon" title="Dutch Low Saxon">Low Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_language" title="Minangkabau language">Minangkabau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripuarian_language" title="Ripuarian language">Ripuarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiddish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish language">Yiddish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sign language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_and_dialects_of_Benelux" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_and_dialects_of_Benelux" title="Template:Languages and dialects of Benelux"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_and_dialects_of_Benelux" title="Template talk:Languages and dialects of Benelux"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_and_dialects_of_Benelux" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages and dialects of Benelux"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_and_dialects_of_Benelux" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Languages and dialects of <a href="/wiki/Benelux" title="Benelux">Benelux</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Brabantian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Brabantian dialect">Brabantian</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Central_Dutch_dialects" title="Central Dutch dialects">Central Dutch</a></span> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hollandic_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollandic dialect">Hollandic</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/East_Flemish" title="East Flemish">East Flemish</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kleverlandish" title="Kleverlandish">Kleverlandish</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/West_Flemish" title="West Flemish">West Flemish</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Zeelandic" title="Zeelandic">Zeelandic</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Stadsfries_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadsfries dialects">Stadsfries</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_in_the_Netherlands" title="English in the Netherlands">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Belgian_French" title="Belgian French">Belgian French</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Champenois_language" title="Champenois language">Champenois</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Lorrain_language" title="Lorrain language">Lorrain</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Picard_language" title="Picard language">Picard</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_German_languages" title="High German languages">High German</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_German" title="Standard German">Standard High German</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ripuarian_language" title="Ripuarian language">Ripuarian</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limburgish" title="Limburgish">Limburgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_German" title="Low German">Low German</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Low_Saxon" title="Northern Low Saxon">Northern Low Saxon</a></span> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gronings_dialect" title="Gronings dialect">Gronings</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Westphalian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Westphalian language">Westphalian</a></span> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Achterhooks" title="Achterhooks">Achterhoeks</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%A8ents_dialects" title="Drèents dialects">Drèents</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sallaans_dialect" title="Sallaans dialect">Sallands</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Stellingwarfs_dialect" title="Stellingwarfs dialect">Stellingwarfs</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Tweants_dialect" title="Tweants dialect">Tweants</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Urkers_dialect" title="Urkers dialect">Urkers</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Veluws_dialect" title="Veluws dialect">Veluws</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish" title="Luxembourgish">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papiamento" title="Papiamento">Papiamento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_language" title="West Frisian language">West Frisian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sign languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Sign_Language" title="German Sign Language">Deutsche Gebärdensprache, DGS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Belgian_Sign_Language" title="French Belgian Sign Language">Langue des signes Francophone de Belgique, LSFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Nederlandse Gebarentaal, NGT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Sign_Language" title="Flemish Sign Language">Vlaamse Gebarentaal, VGT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Belgium" title="Languages of Belgium">Languages of Belgium</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Languages of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Luxembourg" title="Languages of Luxembourg">Languages of Luxembourg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Netherlands_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Netherlands_topics" title="Template:Netherlands topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Netherlands_topics" title="Template talk:Netherlands topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Netherlands_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Netherlands topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Netherlands_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Netherlands" title="History of the Netherlands">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_peoples" title="Germanic peoples">Germanic tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romans_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Romans in the Netherlands">Roman Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisii" title="Frisii">Frisii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chamavi" title="Chamavi">Chamavi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batavi_(Germanic_tribe)" title="Batavi (Germanic tribe)">Batavi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cananefates" title="Cananefates">Cananefates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Period" title="Migration Period">Migration Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxons" title="Saxons">Saxons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frisians" title="Frisians">Frisians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salian_Franks" title="Salian Franks">Franks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorestad" title="Dorestad">Dorestad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Utrecht" title="Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht">Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_urban_centers_in_the_Low_Countries" class="mw-redirect" title="History of urban centers in the Low Countries">Development urban centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisian_Kingdom" title="Frisian Kingdom">Frisian Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Frankish Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Francia" title="Middle Francia">Middle Francia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Lorraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Lorraine">Lower Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Flanders" title="County of Flanders">Flanders</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_of_Holland" title="County of Holland">Holland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frisian_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Frisian Freedom">Frisian Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brabant" title="Duchy of Brabant">Brabant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guelders" class="mw-redirect" title="Guelders">Guelders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgundian_Netherlands" title="Burgundian Netherlands">Burgundian Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Netherlands" title="Habsburg Netherlands">Habsburg Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_in_the_Low_Countries" title="Renaissance in the Low Countries">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventeen_Provinces" title="Seventeen Provinces">Seventeen Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands" title="Spanish Netherlands">Spanish Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighty_Years%27_War" title="Eighty Years' War">Eighty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Golden_Age" title="Dutch Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batavian_Revolution" title="Batavian Revolution">Batavian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batavian_Republic" title="Batavian Republic">Batavian Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Holland" title="Kingdom of Holland">Kingdom of Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incorporation_(Netherlands)" title="Incorporation (Netherlands)">Incorporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Principality_of_the_United_Netherlands" title="Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="United Kingdom of the Netherlands">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_in_World_War_II" title="Netherlands in World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_the_Netherlands" title="German invasion of the Netherlands">Nazi invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_Day_(Netherlands)" title="Liberation Day (Netherlands)">Dutch Liberation Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Indonesian_Independence" title="Proclamation of Indonesian Independence">Proclamation of Indonesian Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_for_the_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands">Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_Netherlands" title="Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands">Same-sex marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_debt_crisis" title="European debt crisis">European debt crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_17" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 17">Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Netherlands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands">Coronavirus pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Netherlands" title="Geography of the Netherlands">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of birds of the Netherlands">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_Netherlands_by_province" title="List of cities in the Netherlands by province">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Works" title="Delta Works">Delta Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of earthquakes in the Netherlands">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of extreme points of the Netherlands">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flood_control_in_the_Netherlands" title="Flood control in the Netherlands">Flood control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groningen_gas_field" title="Groningen gas field">Gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of islands of the Netherlands">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of lakes of the Netherlands">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of mammals of the Netherlands">Mammals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_and_hills_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of mountains and hills in the Netherlands">Mountains and hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of regions of the Netherlands">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_Netherlands" title="List of rivers of the Netherlands">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhine%E2%80%93Meuse%E2%80%93Scheldt_delta" title="Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta">Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of volcanoes in the Netherlands">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuiderzee_Works" title="Zuiderzee Works">Zuiderzee Works</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Netherlands" title="Politics of the Netherlands">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Abortion in the Netherlands">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Netherlands" title="Cabinet of the Netherlands">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Netherlands" title="Climate change in the Netherlands">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Netherlands" title="Constitution of the Netherlands">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_Netherlands" title="Corruption in the Netherlands">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands" title="Demographics of the Netherlands">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_policy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Drug policy of the Netherlands">Drug policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Netherlands" title="Education in the Netherlands">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Netherlands" title="Elections in the Netherlands">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthanasia_in_the_Netherlands" title="Euthanasia in the Netherlands">Euthanasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_Netherlands" title="Healthcare in the Netherlands">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_Netherlands" title="Homelessness in the Netherlands">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Netherlands" title="Foreign relations of the Netherlands">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Netherlands" title="Human rights in the Netherlands">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Netherlands">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration to the Netherlands">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Netherlands" title="Law of the Netherlands">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement in the Netherlands">Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_firms_of_the_Netherlands" title="Law firms of the Netherlands">Law Firms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">Monarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="Municipalities of the Netherlands">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands" title="Provinces of the Netherlands">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Republicanism in the Netherlands">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of political parties in the Netherlands">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_forces_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed forces of the Netherlands">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_board_(Netherlands)" title="Water board (Netherlands)">Water boards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AEX_index" title="AEX index">AEX index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Nederlandsche_Bank" title="De Nederlandsche Bank">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_Netherlands" title="Energy in the Netherlands">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronext" title="Euronext">Euronext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polder_model" title="Polder model">Polder model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Netherlands" title="Taxation in the Netherlands">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Netherlands" title="Telecommunications in the Netherlands">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Tourism in the Netherlands">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_the_Netherlands" title="Trade unions in the Netherlands">Trade unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Netherlands" title="Transport in the Netherlands">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_the_Netherlands" title="Cycling in the Netherlands">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_in_the_Netherlands" title="Public transport in the Netherlands">Public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_Netherlands" title="Rail transport in the Netherlands">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_transport_in_the_Netherlands" title="Road transport in the Netherlands">Road transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Netherlands" title="Culture of the Netherlands">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_Netherlands" title="Architecture of the Netherlands">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_art" title="Dutch art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_Netherlands" title="Cannabis in the Netherlands">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_Netherlands" title="Cinema of the Netherlands">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_cuisine" title="Dutch cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_wine" title="Dutch wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_customs_and_etiquette" title="Dutch customs and etiquette">Customs and etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decorations_and_medals_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Decorations and medals of the Netherlands">Decorations and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Irreligion in the Netherlands">Irreligion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the Netherlands">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Netherlands" title="Music of the Netherlands">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders_of_knighthood_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders of knighthood in the Netherlands">Orders of knighthood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography_in_the_Netherlands" title="Pornography in the Netherlands">Pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Netherlands" title="Prostitution in the Netherlands">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Netherlands" title="Public holidays in the Netherlands">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Religion in the Netherlands">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_the_Netherlands" title="Sport in the Netherlands">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the Netherlands">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmus" title="Wilhelmus">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands" title="Coat of arms of the Netherlands">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Netherlands" title="Flag of the Netherlands">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic_Lion" title="Dutch Republic Lion">Lion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminology_of_the_Low_Countries" title="Terminology of the Low Countries">Terminology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Netherlands" title="Outline of the Netherlands">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Netherlands" title="Category:Netherlands">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Netherlands" title="Portal:Netherlands">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_Europe" title="Template:Languages of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Languages of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Europe" title="Languages of Europe">Languages of Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Albania" title="Languages of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Andorra" title="Languages of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Armenia" title="Languages of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Austria" title="Languages of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Azerbaijan" title="Languages of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Belarus" title="Languages of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Belgium" title="Languages of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Bulgaria" title="Languages of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Cyprus" title="Languages of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Denmark" title="Languages of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Estonia" title="Languages of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Finland" title="Languages of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_France" title="Languages of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Germany" title="Languages of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Greece" title="Languages of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Hungary" title="Languages of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Iceland" title="Languages of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ireland" title="Languages of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Italy" title="Languages of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kazakhstan" title="Languages of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Liechtenstein" title="Languages of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Luxembourg" title="Languages of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Malta" title="Languages of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Moldova" title="Languages of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Monaco" title="Languages of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Montenegro" title="Languages of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_North_Macedonia" title="Languages of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Norway" title="Languages of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Poland" title="Languages of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Portugal" title="Languages of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Romania" title="Languages of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Russia" title="Languages of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_San_Marino" title="Languages of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Serbia" title="Languages of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Slovenia" title="Languages of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Spain" title="Languages of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Sweden" title="Languages of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Switzerland" title="Languages of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Turkey" title="Languages of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ukraine" title="Languages of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Languages of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Languages of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Scotland" title="Languages of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Vatican_City" title="Languages of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_%C3%85land" title="Languages of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Languages of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Gibraltar" title="Languages of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Languages of the Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Languages of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Jersey" title="Languages of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Svalbard" title="Languages of Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_European_Union" title="Languages of the European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Minority_languages_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Minority_languages_of_Europe" title="Template:Minority languages of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Minority_languages_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Minority languages of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Minority_languages_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Minority languages of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Minority_languages_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minority_language" title="Minority language">Minority languages</a> of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European<br /> Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Austria" title="Minority languages of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Bulgaria#Minority_languages" title="Languages of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Croatia" title="Minority languages of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Cyprus#Minority_languages" title="Languages of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Minority languages of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Denmark" title="Minority languages of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Estonia#Minority_languages" title="Languages of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Germany#Minority_languages" title="Languages of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Greece#Minority_languages" title="Languages of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilingual_communes_in_Poland" title="Bilingual communes in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_law_of_Slovakia" title="Language law of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <br />European states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Albania (page does not exist)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Andorra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Andorra (page does not exist)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Belarus (page does not exist)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina (page does not exist)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Georgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Georgia (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Iceland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Iceland (page does not exist)">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Moldova#Official_minority_languages" title="Languages of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of North Macedonia (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Norway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Norway (page does not exist)">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Minority languages of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Turkey (page does not exist)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy_in_Ukraine" title="Language policy in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_Kingdom#Principal_minority_language_areas" title="Languages of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Vatican_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Vatican City (page does not exist)">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited <br />recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Kosovo" title="Minority languages of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Nagorno-Karabakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Nagorno-Karabakh (page does not exist)">Nagorno-Karabakh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (page does not exist)">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Isle_of_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minority_languages_of_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minority languages of Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Europe" title="Languages of Europe">Languages of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Charter_for_Regional_or_Minority_Languages" title="European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages">European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framework_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_National_Minorities" title="Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities">Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Day_of_Languages" title="European Day of Languages">European Day of Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Linguistic_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights">Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&oldid=1226226713">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Netherlands&oldid=1226226713</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_the_Netherlands" title="Category:Languages of the Netherlands">Languages of the Netherlands</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_title" 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