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<li id="toc-Genesis_of_the_project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genesis_of_the_project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Genesis of the project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genesis_of_the_project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_First_"Mosque"_at_Père-Lachaise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_First_"Mosque"_at_Père-Lachaise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>The First "Mosque" at Père-Lachaise</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_First_"Mosque"_at_Père-Lachaise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1895_and_1915–16_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1895_and_1915–16_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1895 and 1915–16 projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1895_and_1915–16_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>First World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction_and_financing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_and_financing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Construction and financing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction_and_financing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inauguration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inauguration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Inauguration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inauguration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Second World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Modern history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Legal status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Halal_control_and_traceability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Halal_control_and_traceability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Halal control and traceability</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Halal_control_and_traceability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>COVID-19</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grand Mosque of Paris</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groot_Moskee_van_Parys" title="Groot Moskee van Parys – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Groot Moskee van Parys" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="مسجد باريس الكبير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مسجد باريس الكبير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_B%C3%B6y%C3%BCk_m%C9%99scidi" title="Paris Böyük məscidi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Paris Böyük məscidi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6" title="প্যারিস মসজিদ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্যারিস মসজিদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6_%D0%B9%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B8%D2%93_%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Париж йәмиғ мәсете – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Париж йәмиғ мәсете" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%87%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Парыжская саборная мячэць – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Парыжская саборная мячэць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velika_d%C5%BEamija_u_Parizu" title="Velika džamija u Parizu – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Velika džamija u Parizu" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquita_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Mesquita de París – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mesquita de París" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velk%C3%A1_me%C5%A1ita_(Pa%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BE)" title="Velká mešita (Paříž) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Velká mešita (Paříž)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fe_Pariser_Moschee" title="Große Pariser Moschee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Große Pariser Moschee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Μεγάλο Τζαμί του Παρισιού – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεγάλο Τζαμί του Παρισιού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Mezquita_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Gran Mezquita de París – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gran Mezquita de París" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granda_Moskeo_de_Parizo" title="Granda Moskeo de Parizo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Granda Moskeo de Parizo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="مسجد پاریس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسجد پاریس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris" title="Grande mosquée de Paris – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grande mosquée de Paris" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%A6%AC_%EB%8C%80_%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC" title="파리 대 모스크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파리 대 모스크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_Raya_Paris" title="Masjid Raya Paris – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Masjid Raya Paris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80_%D0%BC%C3%A6%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Парижы стыр мæзджыт – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Парижы стыр мæзджыт" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_moschea_di_Parigi" title="Grande moschea di Parigi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grande moschea di Parigi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%92%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96" title="המסגד הגדול של פריז – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המסגד הגדול של פריז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%96%D1%82%D1%96" title="Париж мешіті – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Париж мешіті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umusigiti_wa_Paris" title="Umusigiti wa Paris – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umusigiti wa Paris" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizgefta_mezin_a_Par%C3%AEs%C3%AA" title="Mizgefta mezin a Parîsê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mizgefta mezin a Parîsê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1rizsi_nagymecset" title="Párizsi nagymecset – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Párizsi nagymecset" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A6" title="पॅरिस मशीद – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पॅरिस मशीद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="مسجد باريس الكبير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مسجد باريس الكبير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_Paris" title="Masjid Paris – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Masjid Paris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grote_Moskee_van_Parijs" title="Grote Moskee van Parijs – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grote Moskee van Parijs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%91%E3%83%AA" title="グランド・モスケ・ド・パリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グランド・モスケ・ド・パリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Парижан коьрта рузбан маьждиг – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Парижан коьрта рузбан маьждиг" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielki_Meczet_w_Pary%C5%BCu" title="Wielki Meczet w Paryżu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wielki Meczet w Paryżu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquita_de_Paris" title="Mesquita de Paris – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mesquita de Paris" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_Moschee_din_Paris" title="Marea Moschee din Paris – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marea Moschee din Paris" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Парижская соборная мечеть – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парижская соборная мечеть" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhamia_e_Madhe_e_Parisit" title="Xhamia e Madhe e Parisit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Xhamia e Madhe e Parisit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariisin_suurmoskeija" title="Pariisin suurmoskeija – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pariisin suurmoskeija" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6_%D2%97%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8A_%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Париж җәмигъ мәчете – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Париж җәмигъ мәчете" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Camii" title="Paris Büyük Camii – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Paris Büyük Camii" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Велика соборна мечеть – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Велика соборна мечеть" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="مسجد پیرس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مسجد پیرس" data-language-autonym="اردو" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mosque in Paris, France</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CCFFCC">Grand Mosque of Paris</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Grande Mosquée de Paris</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مسجد باريس الكبير</span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris.JPG/310px-Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris.JPG" decoding="async" width="310" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris.JPG/465px-Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris.JPG/620px-Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The Paris Mosque, with its <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaret</a> on the left</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CCFFCC">Religion</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rite</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Ecclesiastical or organizational status</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CCFFCC">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/5th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="5th arrondissement of Paris">5th arrondissement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_department_land_cover_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grand Mosque of Paris is located in Paris"><img alt="Grand Mosque of Paris is located in Paris" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Paris_department_land_cover_location_map.svg/250px-Paris_department_land_cover_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Paris_department_land_cover_location_map.svg/375px-Paris_department_land_cover_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Paris_department_land_cover_location_map.svg/500px-Paris_department_land_cover_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1371" data-file-height="893" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:62.72%;left:54.286%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grand Mosque of Paris"><img alt="Grand Mosque of Paris" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reddot.svg/6px-Reddot.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reddot.svg/9px-Reddot.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reddot.svg/12px-Reddot.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="402" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within Paris</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Geographic coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&params=48_50_31_N_2_21_18_E_region:FR_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°50′31″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°21′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.84194°N 2.35500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.84194; 2.35500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CCFFCC">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">Architect(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data note"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Tranchant_de_Lunel" title="Maurice Tranchant de Lunel">Maurice Tranchant de Lunel</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mosque_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque architecture">Mosque architecture</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architectural_style" title="Architectural style">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moorish_Revival_architecture" title="Moorish Revival architecture">Moorish Revival</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Groundbreaking</th><td class="infobox-data note">1922</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data note">1926</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CCFFCC">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">1,000 worshippers</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Interior area</th><td class="infobox-data">7,500 m<sup>2</sup> (81,000 sq ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">Minaret</a>(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Minaret height</th><td class="infobox-data">33 m (108 ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CCFFCC">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grandemosqueedeparis.fr">grandemosqueedeparis<wbr />.fr</a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Grand Mosque of Paris</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Grande Mosquée de Paris</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ɡʁɑ̃d<span class="wrap"> </span>mɔske<span class="wrap"> </span>də<span class="wrap"> </span>paʁi]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مسجد باريس الكبير</span>), also known as the <b>Great Mosque of Paris</b> or simply the <b>Paris Mosque</b>, located in the <a href="/wiki/5th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="5th arrondissement of Paris">5th arrondissement</a> of <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, is one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosques</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. It comprises prayer rooms, an outdoor garden, a small library, a gift shop, along with a cafe and restaurant. In all, the mosque plays an important role in promoting the visibility of <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_France" title="Islam in France">Islam and Muslims in France</a>. Completed in 1926, is the oldest mosque in <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_France" title="Metropolitan France">metropolitan France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genesis_of_the_project">Genesis of the project</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Genesis of the project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of the Paris mosque is inextricably linked to France's colonization of large parts of the Muslim world over the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. An early, if not the first, project for a mosque in Paris is recorded as desired to be "in the Baujon district in 1842, followed by a revival of similar intentions at the<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1846, the Société orientale (Eastern Society) proposed the construction "in Paris, then at Marseilles, of a cemetery, mosque, and a Muslim school (collège)." According to the historian Michel Renard, it was put forward "for philanthropic reasons, augmented by political reasons (the recent conquest and pacification of Algeria), but also religious since Muslims were judged to be closer to Roman Catholicism than the Jews."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The negative reaction of the Ministry of Justice and Religions, which debated the matter with the National Assembly, shelved the project for ten years.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_First_"Mosque"_at_Père-Lachaise"><span id="The_First_.22Mosque.22_at_P.C3.A8re-Lachaise"></span>The First "Mosque" at Père-Lachaise</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The First "Mosque" at Père-Lachaise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Minaret_mosque_of_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Minaret_mosque_of_Paris.jpg/170px-Minaret_mosque_of_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Minaret_mosque_of_Paris.jpg/255px-Minaret_mosque_of_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Minaret_mosque_of_Paris.jpg/340px-Minaret_mosque_of_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1952" data-file-height="3501" /></a><figcaption>The minaret of the Great Mosque with its crenellated balustrade.</figcaption></figure><p> A French Prefectorial decree of 29 November 1856 permitted the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> Embassy in Paris to construct a special enclosure that was reserved for the burial of Muslims in the 85th division of the Parisian Cemetery of the East, called <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise</a>. The enclosure measured about 800 square meters, and in it the Ottomans built a structure labeled as a 'Mosque,' in order to give shelter to funerary services and the prayers for the deceased. It was thus the first mosque constructed on Parisian territory. However, it was not the first in Western Europe since the disappearance of Muslims from the south of France in the ninth century, because there was an earlier mosque that had long been used in <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a> within the boundaries of the Cemetery of the <a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turks</a>, but it had been destroyed during the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The cemetery covered the tombs of Ottomans who had died in France. Little used, in 1883 it was cut down in size, but soon the building fell into disrepair, so the Ottoman government decided to finance its reconstruction and extension. In 1914, an architectural design was put forward for a more prominent building with a dome and clear "Islamic" characteristics evident, but the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> blocked the implementation of the project. In 1923, however, an inter-ministerial commission of Muslim affairs discussed the work for completing a Muslim cemetery in Père Lachaise. It concluded that it was not practical to build a mosque in the cemetery, as they were looking to build a mosque in the district of the <a href="/wiki/Jardin_des_Plantes" class="mw-redirect" title="Jardin des Plantes">Jardin des Plantes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1895_and_1915–16_projects"><span id="1895_and_1915.E2.80.9316_projects"></span>1895 and 1915–16 projects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1895 and 1915–16 projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first project for a true mosque in Paris was envisaged without success in 1895 by the Committee of French Africa set up by <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Delcass%C3%A9" title="Théophile Delcassé">Théophile Delcassé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jules_Cambon" title="Jules Cambon">Jules Cambon</a>, the Prince <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">Bonaparte</a> and the Prince d'Arenberg. An article in <i><a href="/wiki/La_Presse_(French_newspaper)" title="La Presse (French newspaper)">La Presse</a></i> from 12 January 1896 was, however, optimistic about this project, specifically for a mosque to be constructed on the <a href="/wiki/Quai_d%27Orsay" title="Quai d'Orsay">Quai d'Orsay</a>, notably with the financial support of the Ottoman sultan, the Viceroy of Egypt, and the Sultan of Morocco.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The journalist <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bourdarie" title="Paul Bourdarie">Paul Bourdarie</a> justified the construction of the Paris Mosque in the newspaper <i>La Revue indigène</i>: </p><blockquote><p>Such a proposal cannot be forgotten and lost [to history]. It reflects too much the political outlook that France ought to follow towards her Muslim sons, and which should translate above all into acts of political and administrative equality and above all into gestures of sympathy and goodwill. From its foundation in 1906, <i>La Revue indigène</i> has put forward plans to resume this project from which the reforms which she proposes will be recommended and completed with success. The members of the Algerian Muslim delegation in Paris who came to Paris in 1912, Dr. Benthami, Dr. Moussa, the lawyer Mr. Mokhtar Hadj Saïd, etc., recall that the question was addressed at that moment in the course of the meetings which took place at the headquarters of <i>La Revue indigène</i>. In the meantime, Mr. Christian Cherfils, the Islamophile and author of a work on <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoléon</a> and Islam, recommended the erection of a mosque in Paris. Others, without a doubt, view the same construction as both desirable and possible. </p></blockquote> <p>Bourdarie evoked, in his article, the contradiction between the alliance with England which worked to dominate the majority of countries in the Muslim world while the French interest was to remain "friends of the Turk according to the wishes of <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a>" and to continue "its role within Muslim Arab power." <i>La Revue indigène</i> believed that the project for the Parisian mosque was one that French citizens knew "to be in accordance with their spirit and their heart's love of their country and the respect of Islam." It was why Bourdarie did not stop lobbying for his project and undertook serious work to get the French government to listen to him. </p><p> As Bourdarie confided in his journal: </p><blockquote><p>In May and June 1915, I began conferring with an <a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">architect</a>, a student of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Girault" title="Charles Girault">[Charles] Girault</a>, Mr. E. Tronquois. Our discussions frequently turned towards Islam and the role of French Muslims on the field of battle. Mr. Tronquois expressed the opinion that a mosque would be a veritable commemorative monument to their heroism and their sacrifices. I explained to Mr. Tronquois the facts and points of view previously expressed and we resolved also to get to work. And in the summer of 1916 a certain number of Muslims living in Paris and their friends met several times at the headquarters of <i>La Revue indigène</i> in order to examine and, if need be, critique the sketches of the architect. Among them I recall were the Emir Khaled, having come from the Front and passing through Paris; Dr. Benthami; the mufti Mokrani; Dr. Tamzali and his brother; Halil Bey; Ziane; the painter Dinet; the Countess d'Aubigny; Lavenarde; Christian Cherfils; the deputy A. Prat, etc. Following these meetings, a committee was formed, the presidency of which was offered to Mr. <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Herriot" title="Édouard Herriot">É[douard] Herriot</a>, mayor of <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a> and a senator; the vice-presidencies to Mr. Lucien Hubert, Senator; Marin and Prat, members of the Chamber of Deputies; and A. Brisson, the director of <i>Annales politiques et littéraires</i>. The Interministerial Commission of Muslim Affairs, which knew of the project through Mr. Gout, had given its approval, and Mr. <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Pichon" title="Stephen Pichon">Pichon</a>, former Minister of Foreign Affairs, offered his patronage, and so the project was brought directly to Mr. <a href="/wiki/Aristide_Briand" title="Aristide Briand">[Aristide] Briand</a>, president of the Council which approved it. </p></blockquote> <p>Bourdarie was truly the father of the project for the Parisian mosque, and he worked tirelessly towards its completion. The first concept for the project was worked up by the architect <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Tranchant_de_Lunel" title="Maurice Tranchant de Lunel">Maurice Tranchant de Lunel</a>, who was the Director of Fine Arts under <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Lyautey" title="Hubert Lyautey">Hubert Lyautey</a> from 1912 onwards and a friend of <a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Rudyard Kipling</a>, C. Farrère, and Queen Elizabeth of Belgium. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_World_War">First World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: First World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_the_Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Mosque of the Bois de Vincennes">Mosque of the Bois de Vincennes</a></div> <p>In 1881, the French government established the <i><a href="/wiki/Indig%C3%A9nat" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigénat">indigénat</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> which enabled punishments, such as being stripped of land, and discrimination towards the colonials.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This decree also restricted travel of Algerians internationally and in their own country by requiring permits to travel. In 1905, a strike among the French workforce had French officials look to Algerians to fill this role. The travel limitations were relaxed to allow Algerians to travel and immigrate to France to fill the voids in the labor force. In 1912, the French desire for workers grew as the country grew while also needing additional soldiers for the military. In response, the decree was softened allowing further immigration from Algeria. Shortly afterwards, during World War I France needed more resources to assist ongoing war. France saw large waves of migration of Algerians to France in order to serve in the military and to become laborers. The war saw casualties upwards of 100,000 Algerian soldiers serving the French and a new population of Algerian immigrants into France. As the war came to an end, the French became more accepting of the Muslim people and wanted to celebrate them for their efforts and sacrifices for France.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction_and_financing">Construction and financing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Construction and financing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosque_Paris_main_entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Mosque_Paris_main_entrance.jpg/150px-Mosque_Paris_main_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Mosque_Paris_main_entrance.jpg/225px-Mosque_Paris_main_entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Mosque_Paris_main_entrance.jpg/300px-Mosque_Paris_main_entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="2954" /></a><figcaption>Entrance door of oak, with bronze hardware, surmounted by tracery in eucalyptus wood and a crescent with a star</figcaption></figure> <p>The decision to construct the mosque resurfaced more precisely in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Verdun" title="Battle of Verdun">Battle of Verdun</a> when the Société des Habous was charged with constructing the mosque. This association, created in 1917, had the goal of organizing an annual pilgrimage to <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> for residents of <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> and insuring that the pilgrims followed regulations of security and hygiene during their travel to the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Great Mosque of Paris was funded by the French state as per the law of 19 August 1920, which accorded a subvention of 500,000 francs for the construction of a Muslim Institute composed of a mosque, a library, and a meeting and study room.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The law of 19 August 1920 did, however, infringe upon the <a href="/wiki/1905_French_law_on_the_Separation_of_the_Churches_and_the_State" title="1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State">1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State</a> promulgating the secular nature of the government, whose signatories had included Edouard Herriot and Aristide Briand themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Great Mosque was built on the site of the former Charity Hospital (<a href="/wiki/Piti%C3%A9-Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re_Hospital" title="Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital">Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital</a>) and adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Jardin_des_plantes" title="Jardin des plantes">Jardin des plantes</a>. The first stone was laid in 1922. The work was completed by Robert Fournez, Maurice Mantout and Charles Heubès based on plans by Maurice Tranchant de Lunel. The mosque was built following the <a href="/wiki/Moorish_Revival_architecture" title="Moorish Revival architecture">Moorish Revival</a> style,<sup id="cite_ref-HolodKhan1997_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HolodKhan1997-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaret</a> is 33 metres (108 ft) high. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inauguration">Inauguration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Inauguration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1.jpg/220px-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1.jpg/330px-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1.jpg/440px-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4516" data-file-height="2805" /></a><figcaption>Sultan <a href="/wiki/Yusef_of_Morocco" title="Yusef of Morocco">Yusef</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Doumergue" title="Gaston Doumergue">Gaston Doumergue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Si_Kaddour_Benghabrit" title="Si Kaddour Benghabrit">Abdelqader Bin Ghabrit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Muqri" title="Muhammad al-Muqri">Muhammad al-Muqri</a>, and others in attendance at the mosque's inauguration in 1926.</figcaption></figure> <p>It was inaugurated on 16 July 1926, in the presence of French President <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Doumergue" title="Gaston Doumergue">Gaston Doumergue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Morocco" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan of Morocco">Sultan</a> <a href="/wiki/Yusef_of_Morocco" title="Yusef of Morocco">Yusef of Morocco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Doumergue celebrated the Franco-Muslim friendship sealed by the bloodshed on the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front in World War I</a> and affirmed that the Republic protected all beliefs. The Sufi Sheikh <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Alawi" title="Ahmad al-Alawi">Ahmad al-Alawi</a> led the first communal prayer to inaugurate the newly built mosque.<sup id="cite_ref-Sedgwick2009_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sedgwick2009-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the eve of the inauguration, <a href="/wiki/Messali_Hadj" title="Messali Hadj">Messali Hadj</a> held the first meeting of the <i>Etoile nord-africaine</i> (North African Star) and criticized the "mosque publicity stunt." </p><p>In 1929, King <a href="/wiki/Fuad_I_of_Egypt" title="Fuad I of Egypt">Fuad I of Egypt</a> donated the mosque's <a href="/wiki/Minbar" title="Minbar">minbar</a>, which is still used today.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Inspired by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Al_Quaraouiyine" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Al Quaraouiyine">el-Qaraouyyîn Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez, Morocco</a>, one of the most important mosques in Morocco and one of the oldest in the world, all of the decorative program of the Paris Mosque, including the courtyards, horseshoe arches, and in particular the <a href="/wiki/Zellige" class="mw-redirect" title="Zellige">zelliges</a>, was entrusted to specialized craftsmen from North Africa using traditional materials. The 33-meter-tall <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaret</a> was inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Al-Zaytuna_Mosque" title="Al-Zaytuna Mosque">Al-Zaytuna Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The great entrance door to the Paris Mosque is ornamented with stylized floral motifs in the most pure Islamic style. </p><p>The Great Mosque of Paris covers an area of 7,500 square metres (81,000 sq ft), and comprises: </p> <ul><li>A prayer room whose decoration is inspired by many parts of the Muslim world</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Madrasa</a> (school)</li> <li>A library</li> <li>A conference room</li> <li>Arab <a href="/wiki/Garden" title="Garden">gardens</a> covering an area of 3,500 square meters</li> <li>Annexes of a restaurant, tea room, hammam, and shops</li></ul> <p>The mosque, along with the Islamic Center, are listed in the supplementary inventory of Historic Monuments by the decree of 9 December 1983. The edifice is filed under the label of "Twentieth Century Patrimony" (Patrimoine du XXe siècle).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Great Mosque of Paris can accommodate up to 1,000 people, and authorizes access to women, and provides confessional rooms as well as access for handicapped persons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Second World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 1991 documentary, director Derri Berkani reported that during the Second World War and the <a href="/wiki/German_military_administration_in_occupied_France_during_World_War_II" title="German military administration in occupied France during World War II">occupation of France</a> by the Nazis, the Great Mosque of Paris served as a site of resistance for Muslims living in France.<sup id="cite_ref-documentary_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-documentary-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Algerians of the <i><a href="/wiki/Francs-Tireurs_et_Partisans" title="Francs-Tireurs et Partisans">Francs-Tireurs et Partisans</a></i> (FTP; Partisan Snipers) made it their mission to secure and protect British parachutists and find them shelter. Built on caves, the Mosque permitted them to secretly reach the <a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A8vre_(river)" title="Bièvre (river)">Bièvre</a>, a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Seine" title="Seine">Seine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FTP also helped Jewish families or families whom they knew or at the request of friends, relocate to the Mosque while waiting for transit papers for passage to the <a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Free Zone</a> or to cross the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a>. Jewish refugees were given papers declaring that they were Muslim and members of the mosque in order to protect them from persecution.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Doctor Albert Assouline recorded some 1600 ration cards (one per person) that had been furnished by the Great Mosque of Paris for the Jews who had found refuge there.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This little-known history was recounted in Karen Gray Ruelle and Deborah Durland DeSaix's, <i>The Grand Mosque of Paris: A Story of How Muslims Rescued Jews During the Holocaust</i>, a book for ages 8–12, published in the U.S. in 2009 (also in French and Japanese editions). </p><p>The figures concerning the number of Jews housed and saved through the Paris Mosque during this period vary considerably according to various authors. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Annie-Paule_Derczansky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annie-Paule Derczansky (page does not exist)">Annie-Paule Derczansky</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annie-Paule_Derczansky" class="extiw" title="fr:Annie-Paule Derczansky">fr</a>]</span>, President of the <i>Association des Bâtisseuses de Paix</i> (Association of the Female Builders of Peace), reports that, according to Albert Assouline, who appears in Birkani's film, 1600 people were saved. On the other hand, according to Alain Boyer, former official working with religions for the <a href="/wiki/French_Ministry_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="French Ministry of the Interior">French Ministry of the Interior</a>, the number was closer to 500 people. </p><p>A call for witnesses to the circumstances of Jews saved by the Great Mosque of Paris between 1942 and 1944 was launched on 3 April 2005, at the same time as the Medal of Justice (médaille des Justes) was awarded by <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a> to the descendants of the rector of the Mosque, <a href="/wiki/Si_Kaddour_Benghabrit" title="Si Kaddour Benghabrit">Si Kaddour Benghabrit</a>, who had saved the lives of a hundred Jews, including the singer <a href="/wiki/Salim_Halali" title="Salim Halali">Salim Halali</a>, by giving them certificates of Muslim identity from the administrative personnel of the Mosque, thus allowing them to escape arrest and deportation.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Satloff_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satloff-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Serge_Klarsfeld" title="Serge Klarsfeld">Serge Klarsfeld</a>, the President of the <i>Association des filles et des fils de déportés juifs de France</i> (Association of the <a href="/wiki/Sons_and_Daughters_of_Jewish_Deportees_from_France" title="Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France">Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France</a>), is, however, more skeptical about the figure of 1500 Jews saved and states that "of the 2,500 members of our organization" there "is nobody who has ever heard of it." He considers, nonetheless, that the campaign to launch an appeal to witnesses undertaken by the <i>Association des Bâtisseuses de Paix</i> to be "positive."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Franco-Moroccan director <a href="/wiki/Isma%C3%ABl_Ferroukhi" title="Ismaël Ferroukhi">Ismaël Ferroukhi</a> made a 2011 film entitled <i>Les hommes libres</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Free_Men_(film)" title="Free Men (film)">The Free Men</a></i>), about the forgotten history of the Muslim resistance fighters during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Tahar_Rahim" title="Tahar Rahim">Tahar Rahim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Lonsdale" title="Michael Lonsdale">Michael Lonsdale</a> as the leading actors.<sup id="cite_ref-Free_Men_Press_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Free_Men_Press-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was criticized by the historians Michel Renard and Daniel Lefeuvre, who consider it not particularly serious.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_history">Modern history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Modern history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Grand Mosque plays an important role in French social society, promoting the visibility of Islam and Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mosque was assigned to Algeria in 1957 by the French Foreign Minister. The Paris Mosque serves as the head mosque for French mosques and is currently led by <i><a href="/wiki/Mufti" title="Mufti">mufti</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Dalil_Boubakeur" title="Dalil Boubakeur">Dalil Boubakeur</a>, who has served as rector since 1992. In 1993 the Institut Al-Ghazali was founded, a religious <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</a> for the training of <a href="/wiki/Imam" title="Imam">imams</a> and Muslim chaplains.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pasqua" title="Charles Pasqua">Charles Pasqua</a>, then the Minister of the Interior in charge of Religion, gave the Grand Mosque the authority of certifying meat as <a href="/wiki/Halal" title="Halal">halal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 December 2011, an official ceremony marked the start of the construction of a retractable roof covering the great patio facing the prayer hall of the Great Mosque. This important project, long-awaited for many years by its congregants in order to protect them during inclement weather, was an important feature of its original conception in 1922–26. </p><p>In November 2012, a prayer room was set up in Paris by a member of the group 'Homosexual Muslims of France' <a href="/wiki/Ludovic-Mohamed_Zahed" title="Ludovic-Mohamed Zahed">Ludovic-Mohamed Zahed</a>. The opening has been condemned by the Grand Mosque of Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2013, the group <i>Les Femmes dans la Mosquée</i> (Women in the Mosque) demanded from the administration the right to pray in the same room as men, having been excluded from it and relegated to the entrance foyer.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spokesperson of the movement, Hanane Karimi, stated, "The previous policy reflects the organization of the Muslim community along certain conventions today, that women have no place there; they have become invisible."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the administration of <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Delano%C3%AB" title="Bertrand Delanoë">Bertrand Delanoë</a>, some controversies have arisen, such as those who want to give an emphyteutic lease to the Société des Habous and sacred places of Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, the office of the mayor of Paris <a href="/wiki/Anne_Hidalgo" title="Anne Hidalgo">Anne Hidalgo</a> refused permission of the construction of a second building for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institut_des_cultures_d%27Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institut des cultures d'Islam (page does not exist)">Institut des cultures d'Islam</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_des_cultures_d%27Islam" class="extiw" title="fr:Institut des cultures d'Islam">fr</a>]</span> (Institute of Muslim Cultures), citing the 1905 Law of the separation of Church and State.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Grand Mosque of Paris urged voters to "follow the path of hope" by voting for <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a>, instead of <a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Marine Le Pen</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Grand Mosque has endured multiple Islamophobic attacks in recent years. In 2015, a man attempted to drive a truck into the mosque, but was stopped by barriers of police officials put outside by the government to prevent racist incidents.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On another occasion in 2015 a man scrawled swastikas on the walls of the mosque.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> After the attacks the members of the mosque came together looking for hope and unity after the attempted vandalism. </p><p>The Mosque maintains a positive public relations campaign in attempt to dispel common Islamic stereotypes that exist in France.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dr. Dalil Boubakeur is the official face of Islam in France and does everything in his power to provide access to his beliefs through books, interview, and is even a prominent social justice figure.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_status">Legal status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legal status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 1921, the Great Mosque has been under the authority of the Société des Habous et lieux saints de l'Islam, an association regulated by the Law of 1901, owner of the building following its donation by the City of Paris. In the 1980s Minister of the Interior <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Defferre" title="Gaston Defferre">Gaston Defferre</a> withdrew the guardianship of the Mosque from the Ministry and the City of Paris, an act which has since permitted Algeria to finance a third of the budget of the mosque (in 2015, this budget totalled 1.8 million euros). Even if the mosque is legally independent, it remains religiously and culturally linked to Algeria, which exercises an unwritten right to the nomination of its rector; although, in 2015, <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> announced officially the start of procedures for the acquisition of the property of the Great Mosque of Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Halal_control_and_traceability">Halal control and traceability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Halal control and traceability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Institut musulman de la grande mosquée de Paris</i> is in a religious partnership with the <i>Société française de contrôle de la viande halal</i> (SFCVH; French Agency for Control of Halal Meat) agreed upon to regulate the priests authorized to perform ritual slaughter in conformation with the Decree of 15 December 1994 of the <a href="/wiki/French_Minister_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="French Minister of Agriculture">French Minister of Agriculture</a>. The <i>Institut musulman</i> exercises the religious prerogatives in the matter of Islamic ritual sacrifice while the SFCVH is charged with overseeing the technical, administrative, and commercial aspects of control and certification of the processes of slaughter, such as electrocution and inert gas asphyxiation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Today the Grand Mosque is the largest mosque in France and the third largest in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is located in the 5th arrondissement in the Latin Quarter near the <a href="/wiki/Jardin_des_plantes" title="Jardin des plantes">Jardin des Plantes</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Institut_du_Monde_Arabe" title="Institut du Monde Arabe">Institut de Monde Arabe</a>. The mosque is a tourist destination as well as a place of prayer, and it offers guided tours. There are also large Turkish marble baths for visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mosque is open for tourists every day of the year (except for Fridays), outside of the rooms of imams and those for instruction, and the spaces reserved for reading of the Koran, prayers, and meditations by Muslims. </p><p>The mosque also includes a traditional restaurant "Aux Portes de l'Orient" (At the Doors of the East) which serves the cuisine of the Maghreb such as tagine and couscous, along with a tea room (serving mint tea, loukoum, pastries, hookah). There are also Turkish baths (exclusively for women), shops selling traditional Arab crafts, and all these establishments are open year-round to the public. </p><p>The mosque is accessed from <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_Line_7" title="Paris Métro Line 7">Paris Métro Line 7</a> from the stations <a href="/wiki/Place_Monge" class="mw-redirect" title="Place Monge">Place Monge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Censier_%E2%80%93_Daubenton_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Censier – Daubenton (Paris Métro)">Censier-Daubenton</a> as well as by several bus lines of the <a href="/wiki/RATP_Group" title="RATP Group">RATP</a> (47, 67, and 89). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="COVID-19">COVID-19</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: COVID-19"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On March 13, 2020, the Grand Mosque of Paris was forced to shut down due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. In order to limit the spread of the disease, France banned any gatherings over 100 people.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 2, 2020, the mosque reopened with requirements including social distancing, capacity, and face coverings.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mosque would continue to cease and resume operations as the country would enter and exit lockdown several more times. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9ecalli.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="À l'entrée principale."><img alt="À l'entrée principale." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Mosqu%C3%A9ecalli.JPG/120px-Mosqu%C3%A9ecalli.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Mosqu%C3%A9ecalli.JPG/180px-Mosqu%C3%A9ecalli.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Mosqu%C3%A9ecalli.JPG/240px-Mosqu%C3%A9ecalli.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">À l'entrée principale.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Patio_grande_mosquee_de_paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Patio and the Andalusian Garden with jets of water."><img alt="The Patio and the Andalusian Garden with jets of water." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Patio_grande_mosquee_de_paris.jpg/90px-Patio_grande_mosquee_de_paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Patio_grande_mosquee_de_paris.jpg/135px-Patio_grande_mosquee_de_paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Patio_grande_mosquee_de_paris.jpg/179px-Patio_grande_mosquee_de_paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="2288" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Patio and the Andalusian Garden with jets of water.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e013.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrance to garden."><img alt="Entrance to garden." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e013.JPG/120px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e013.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e013.JPG/180px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e013.JPG/240px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Entrance to garden.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e014.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior Court."><img alt="Interior Court." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e014.JPG/120px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e014.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e014.JPG/180px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e014.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e014.JPG/240px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e014.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior Court.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e015.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior Court."><img alt="Interior Court." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e015.JPG/120px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e015.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e015.JPG/180px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e015.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e015.JPG/240px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e015.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior Court.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e017.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Prayer Hall."><img alt="Prayer Hall." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e017.JPG/120px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e017.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e017.JPG/180px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e017.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e017.JPG/240px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e017.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Prayer Hall.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e018.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Prayer Hall."><img alt="Prayer Hall." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e018.JPG/120px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e018.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e018.JPG/180px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e018.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e018.JPG/240px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e018.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Prayer Hall.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_2_15-12-2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rue Daubenton."><img alt="Rue Daubenton." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_2_15-12-2005.jpg/120px-Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_2_15-12-2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_2_15-12-2005.jpg/180px-Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_2_15-12-2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_2_15-12-2005.jpg/240px-Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_2_15-12-2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rue Daubenton.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_1_15-12-2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rue Daubenton."><img alt="Rue Daubenton." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_1_15-12-2005.jpg/90px-Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_1_15-12-2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_1_15-12-2005.jpg/135px-Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_1_15-12-2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_1_15-12-2005.jpg/180px-Mosquee_de_paris_rue_daubenton_1_15-12-2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rue Daubenton.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ParisMosqueEOL1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/ParisMosqueEOL1.JPG/120px-ParisMosqueEOL1.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/ParisMosqueEOL1.JPG/180px-ParisMosqueEOL1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/ParisMosqueEOL1.JPG/240px-ParisMosqueEOL1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSCF0249.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/DSCF0249.JPG/120px-DSCF0249.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/DSCF0249.JPG/180px-DSCF0249.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/DSCF0249.JPG/240px-DSCF0249.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ParisMosqueEOL3-2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Détail d'une arche avec entrelacs et rinceaux."><img alt="Détail d'une arche avec entrelacs et rinceaux." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/ParisMosqueEOL3-2.JPG/90px-ParisMosqueEOL3-2.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/ParisMosqueEOL3-2.JPG/135px-ParisMosqueEOL3-2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/ParisMosqueEOL3-2.JPG/180px-ParisMosqueEOL3-2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Détail d'une arche avec <a href="/w/index.php?title=Entrelacs_(ornement)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entrelacs (ornement) (page does not exist)">entrelacs</a> et <a href="/wiki/Rinceau" title="Rinceau">rinceaux</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ParisMosqueEOL4.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/ParisMosqueEOL4.JPG/90px-ParisMosqueEOL4.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/ParisMosqueEOL4.JPG/135px-ParisMosqueEOL4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/ParisMosqueEOL4.JPG/180px-ParisMosqueEOL4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Zellige."><img alt="Zellige." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_04.JPG/120px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_04.JPG/180px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_04.JPG/240px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Zellige" class="mw-redirect" title="Zellige">Zellige</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior garden and fountain."><img alt="Interior garden and fountain." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_03.JPG/120px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_03.JPG/180px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_03.JPG/240px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior garden and fountain.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_05.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Library."><img alt="Library." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_05.JPG/120px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_05.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_05.JPG/180px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_05.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_05.JPG/240px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_05.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Library.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_06.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Moorish decor."><img alt="Moorish decor." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_06.JPG/90px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_06.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_06.JPG/135px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_06.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_06.JPG/180px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_06.JPG 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Moorish decor.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Restaurant."><img alt="Restaurant." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_01.JPG/120px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_01.JPG/180px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_01.JPG/240px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Restaurant.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Restaurant."><img alt="Restaurant." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_02.JPG/120px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_02.JPG/180px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_02.JPG/240px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Restaurant.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e016.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior Court."><img alt="Interior Court." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e016.JPG/90px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e016.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e016.JPG/135px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e016.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e016.JPG/180px-GD-FR-Paris-Mosqu%C3%A9e016.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior Court.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grande_mosquee_de_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The minaret seen from the rue du Puits-de-l'Ermite."><img alt="The minaret seen from the rue du Puits-de-l'Ermite." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Grande_mosquee_de_Paris.jpg/120px-Grande_mosquee_de_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Grande_mosquee_de_Paris.jpg/180px-Grande_mosquee_de_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Grande_mosquee_de_Paris.jpg/240px-Grande_mosquee_de_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The minaret seen from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rue_du_Puits-de-l%27Ermite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rue du Puits-de-l'Ermite (page does not exist)">rue du Puits-de-l'Ermite</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_d%C3%A9tail_motif_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trique_sur_le_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_nord_du_minaret_au_dessus_de_l%27entr%C3%A9e_principale.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Detail of geometric motif on the north side of the minaret above the main entrance."><img alt="Detail of geometric motif on the north side of the minaret above the main entrance." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_d%C3%A9tail_motif_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trique_sur_le_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_nord_du_minaret_au_dessus_de_l%27entr%C3%A9e_principale.jpg/79px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_d%C3%A9tail_motif_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trique_sur_le_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_nord_du_minaret_au_dessus_de_l%27entr%C3%A9e_principale.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_d%C3%A9tail_motif_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trique_sur_le_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_nord_du_minaret_au_dessus_de_l%27entr%C3%A9e_principale.jpg/119px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_d%C3%A9tail_motif_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trique_sur_le_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_nord_du_minaret_au_dessus_de_l%27entr%C3%A9e_principale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_d%C3%A9tail_motif_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trique_sur_le_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_nord_du_minaret_au_dessus_de_l%27entr%C3%A9e_principale.jpg/159px-Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_d%C3%A9tail_motif_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trique_sur_le_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_nord_du_minaret_au_dessus_de_l%27entr%C3%A9e_principale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Detail of geometric motif on the north side of the minaret above the main entrance.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_Innen_Gebetsraum_Mihrab.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mihrab"><img alt="Mihrab" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Paris_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_Innen_Gebetsraum_Mihrab.jpg/87px-Paris_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_Innen_Gebetsraum_Mihrab.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Paris_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_Innen_Gebetsraum_Mihrab.jpg/130px-Paris_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_Innen_Gebetsraum_Mihrab.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Paris_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_Innen_Gebetsraum_Mihrab.jpg/173px-Paris_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_Innen_Gebetsraum_Mihrab.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="4564" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mihrab</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salon_de_th%C3%A9_@_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_@_Paris_(31328138731).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Salon_de_th%C3%A9_%40_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_%40_Paris_%2831328138731%29.jpg/120px-Salon_de_th%C3%A9_%40_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_%40_Paris_%2831328138731%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Salon_de_th%C3%A9_%40_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_%40_Paris_%2831328138731%29.jpg/180px-Salon_de_th%C3%A9_%40_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_%40_Paris_%2831328138731%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Salon_de_th%C3%A9_%40_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_%40_Paris_%2831328138731%29.jpg/240px-Salon_de_th%C3%A9_%40_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Paris_%40_Paris_%2831328138731%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosque,_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mosque, Paris"><img alt="Mosque, Paris" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Mosque%2C_Paris.jpg/90px-Mosque%2C_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Mosque%2C_Paris.jpg/135px-Mosque%2C_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Mosque%2C_Paris.jpg/180px-Mosque%2C_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mosque, Paris</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/48px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/64px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/27px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/54px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_France" title="Islam in France">Islam in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_France" title="List of mosques in France">List of mosques in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Paris" title="List of tourist attractions in Paris">List of tourist attractions in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_the_Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Mosque of the Bois de Vincennes">Mosque of the Bois de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Mosque" title="Saint Petersburg Mosque">Saint Petersburg Mosque</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output 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Brookings Institution Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/integratingislam0000laur/page/291">291</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780815751526" title="Special:BookSources/9780815751526"><bdi>9780815751526</bdi></a>. <q>Dr. Dalil Boubakeur interview.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Integrating+Islam%3A+Political+and+Religious+Challenges+in+Contemporary+France&rft.pages=291&rft.pub=Brookings+Institution+Press&rft.date=2007-02-01&rft.isbn=9780815751526&rft.aulast=Laurence&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.au=Va%C3%AFsse%2C+Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintegratingislam0000laur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Mosque+of+Paris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSciolino2003" class="citation news cs1">Sciolino, Elaine (April 21, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/21/world/a-muslim-in-the-middle-in-france.html">"A Muslim in the Middle in France"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Muslim+in+the+Middle+in+France&rft.date=2003-04-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Sciolino&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2003%2F04%2F21%2Fworld%2Fa-muslim-in-the-middle-in-france.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Mosque+of+Paris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2015/12/03/97001-20151203FILWWW00120-la-grande-mosquee-de-paris-futur-propriete-de-l-algerie.php">"La Grande mosquée de Paris future propriété de l'Algérie"</a>. <i>FIGARO</i>. December 3, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FIGARO&rft.atitle=La+Grande+mosqu%C3%A9e+de+Paris+future+propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9+de+l%27Alg%C3%A9rie&rft.date=2015-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Fflash-actu%2F2015%2F12%2F03%2F97001-20151203FILWWW00120-la-grande-mosquee-de-paris-futur-propriete-de-l-algerie.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Mosque+of+Paris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sortiraparis.com/news/in-paris/articles/211518-coronavirus-the-grand-mosque-of-paris-shuts-down/lang/en">"Coronavirus: the Grand Mosque of Paris shuts down"</a>. <i>www.sortiraparis.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Quran+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Paris+Mosque+to+Reopen+Tuesday&rft.date=2020-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiqna.ir%2Fen%2Fnews%2F3471546%2Fparis-mosque-to-reopen-tuesday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrand+Mosque+of+Paris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Mosque_of_Paris&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mosques_in_France" title="Template:Mosques in France"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mosques_in_France" title="Template talk:Mosques in France"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mosques_in_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mosques in France"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="15px_Mosques_in_France_15px725" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IslamSymbol-white.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IslamSymbol-white.svg/15px-IslamSymbol-white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IslamSymbol-white.svg/23px-IslamSymbol-white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IslamSymbol-white.svg/30px-IslamSymbol-white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="213" /></a></span>  <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Mosques</span></a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">France</span></a>  <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assalam_Mosque" title="Assalam Mosque">Assalam </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Besan%C3%A7on" title="Islam in Besançon">Sunna (Besançon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_%C3%89vry" title="Grand Mosque of Évry">Great (Évry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sina_Mosque" title="Ibn Sina Mosque">Ibn Sina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Lyon" title="Grande mosquée de Lyon">Great (Lyon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_al-Nour" title="Mosque al-Nour">al-Nour</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grand (Paris)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strasbourg_Mosque" title="Strasbourg Mosque">Great (Strasbourg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Toulouse" title="Great Mosque of Toulouse">Great (Toulouse)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthman_Mosque" title="Uthman Mosque">Uthman (Villeurbanne)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><i>Inactive</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Missiri_Mosque" title="Missiri Mosque">Missiri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_the_Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Mosque of the Bois de Vincennes">Bois de Vincennes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toulon_Cathedral" title="Toulon Cathedral">Toulon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_in_France" title="Category:Mosques in France"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Category</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_France" title="Islam in France"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Islam in France</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_by_country" title="Category:Mosques by country"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Mosques by country</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tourism_in_Paris441" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template talk:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tourism_in_Paris441" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Paris" title="Tourism in Paris">Tourism in Paris</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmarks_in_Paris" title="Landmarks in Paris">Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_du_Carrousel" title="Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel">Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A8nes_de_Lut%C3%A8ce" title="Arènes de Lutèce">Arènes de Lutèce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Brongniart" title="Palais Brongniart">Bourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Paris" title="Catacombs of Paris">Catacombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conciergerie" title="Conciergerie">Conciergerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Austerlitz" title="Gare d'Austerlitz">Gare d'Austerlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_l%27Est" title="Gare de l'Est">Gare de l'Est</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Lyon" title="Gare de Lyon">Gare de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_du_Nord" title="Gare du Nord">Gare du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Montparnasse" title="Gare Montparnasse">Gare Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Saint-Lazare" title="Gare Saint-Lazare">Gare Saint-Lazare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Palais" title="Petit Palais">Petit Palais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_de_France" title="Institut de France">Institut de France</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Arc_(Fr%C3%A9miet)" title="Jeanne d'Arc (Frémiet)">Jeanne d'Arc</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_tomb" title="Napoleon's tomb">Napoleon's tomb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxor_Obelisks" title="Luxor Obelisks">Luxor Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Od%C3%A9on-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_l%27Europe" title="Odéon-Théâtre de l'Europe">Odéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_Bastille" title="Opéra Bastille">Opéra Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Garnier" title="Palais Garnier">Opéra Garnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on" title="Panthéon">Panthéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philharmonie_de_Paris" title="Philharmonie de Paris">Philharmonie de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Flame_of_Liberty" title="Flame of Liberty">Flame of Liberty</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Denis" title="Porte Saint-Denis">Porte Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Martin" title="Porte Saint-Martin">Porte Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_(building)" title="Sorbonne (building)">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Montparnasse" title="Tour Montparnasse">Tour Montparnasse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Museums_in_Paris" title="Museums in Paris">Museums</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Paris" title="List of museums in Paris">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Museum_(Paris)" title="Army Museum (Paris)">Army Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet" title="Musée Carnavalet">Carnavalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Pompidou" title="Centre Pompidou">Centre Pompidou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_des_Sciences_et_de_l%27Industrie" title="Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie">Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_nationale_du_Jeu_de_Paume" class="mw-redirect" title="Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume">Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Vuitton_Foundation" title="Louis Vuitton Foundation">Louis Vuitton Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée des Arts décoratifs, Paris">Musée des Arts décoratifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers" title="Musée des Arts et Métiers">Musée des Arts et Métiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_et_d%27Histoire_du_Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme">Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_Moderne_de_Paris" title="Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris">Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Balzac" title="Maison de Balzac">Maison de Balzac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Bourdelle" title="Musée Bourdelle">Musée Bourdelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Cin%C3%A9math%C3%A8que" title="Musée de la Cinémathèque">Musée de la Cinémathèque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Cognacq-Jay" title="Musée Cognacq-Jay">Musée Cognacq-Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Gr%C3%A9vin" title="Musée Grévin">Musée Grévin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Musée Guimet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Victor_Hugo" title="Maison de Victor Hugo">Maison de Victor Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Jacquemart-Andr%C3%A9" title="Musée Jacquemart-André">Musée Jacquemart-André</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Marmottan_Monet" title="Musée Marmottan Monet">Musée Marmottan Monet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Montmartre" title="Musée de Montmartre">Musée de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_National_d%27Art_Moderne" title="Musée National d'Art Moderne">Musée National d'Art Moderne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Musée national Eugène Delacroix">Musée national Eugène Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Gustave_Moreau" title="Musée national Gustave Moreau">Musée national Gustave Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_des_Monuments_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Musée national des Monuments Français">Musée national des Monuments Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History,_France" title="National Museum of Natural History, France">Muséum national d'histoire naturelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Cluny" title="Musée de Cluny">Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">Musée de l'Orangerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Pasteur" title="Musée Pasteur">Musée Pasteur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Picasso" title="Musée Picasso">Musée Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac" title="Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac">Musée du Quai Branly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" title="Palais de la Légion d'Honneur">Palais de la Légion d'Honneur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" title="Musée de la Légion d'honneur">Musée de la Légion d'honneur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Vie_romantique" title="Musée de la Vie romantique">Musée de la Vie romantique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_buildings_in_Paris" title="List of religious buildings in Paris">Religious buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral,_Paris" title="Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Paris">Alexander Nevsky Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Cathedral_in_Paris" title="American Cathedral in Paris">American Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Church_in_Paris" title="American Church in Paris">American Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cathedral_of_St._John_the_Baptist" title="Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist">Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapelle_expiatoire" title="Chapelle expiatoire">Chapelle expiatoire</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grand Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Synagogue_of_Paris" title="Grand Synagogue of Paris">Grand Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_de_Nazareth" title="Synagogue de Nazareth">Synagogue de Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Madeleine,_Paris" title="La Madeleine, Paris">La Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris" title="Notre-Dame de Paris">Notre-Dame de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle" title="Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle">Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Lorette,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, Paris">Notre-Dame-de-Lorette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-des-Victoires,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Paris">Notre-Dame-des-Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacr%C3%A9-C%C5%93ur,_Paris" title="Sacré-Cœur, Paris">Sacré-Cœur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Ambroise,_Paris" title="Saint-Ambroise, Paris">Saint Ambroise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Augustin,_Paris" title="Saint-Augustin, Paris">Saint-Augustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-%C3%89tienne-du-Mont" title="Saint-Étienne-du-Mont">Saint-Étienne-du-Mont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Eustache,_Paris" title="Saint-Eustache, Paris">Saint-Eustache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier,_Paris" title="Saint-François-Xavier, Paris">Saint-François-Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s_(abbey)" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés (abbey)">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain_l%27Auxerrois" title="Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois">Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais" title="Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais">Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Saint-Jacques" title="Tour Saint-Jacques">Tour Saint-Jacques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Jean_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Jean de Montmartre">Saint-Jean de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis" title="Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis">Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Pierre_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Pierre de Montmartre">Saint-Pierre de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Roch,_Paris" title="Saint-Roch, Paris">Saint-Roch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Sulpice,_Paris" title="Saint-Sulpice, Paris">Saint-Sulpice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Vincent-de-Paul,_Paris" title="Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris">Saint-Vincent-de-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Chapelle" title="Sainte-Chapelle">Sainte-Chapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Clotilde,_Paris" title="Sainte-Clotilde, Paris">Sainte-Clotilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Trinit%C3%A9,_Paris" title="Sainte-Trinité, Paris">Sainte-Trinité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_du_Marais" title="Temple du Marais">Temple du Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val-de-Gr%C3%A2ce_(church)" title="Val-de-Grâce (church)">Val-de-Grâce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hôtels particuliers<br />and palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Palace" title="Élysée Palace">Élysée Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Beauvais" title="Hôtel de Beauvais">Hôtel de Beauvais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Charost" title="Hôtel de Charost">Hôtel de Charost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Crillon" title="Hôtel de Crillon">Hôtel de Crillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_d%27Estr%C3%A9es" title="Hôtel d'Estrées">Hôtel d'Estrées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_la_Pa%C3%AFva" title="Hôtel de la Païva">Hôtel de la Païva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Pontalba" title="Hôtel de Pontalba">Hôtel de Pontalba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sens" title="Hôtel de Sens">Hôtel de Sens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Soubise" title="Hôtel de Soubise">Hôtel de Soubise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sully" title="Hôtel de Sully">Hôtel de Sully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Ville,_Paris" title="Hôtel de Ville, Paris">Hôtel de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Lambert" title="Hôtel Lambert">Hôtel Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Matignon" title="Hôtel Matignon">Hôtel Matignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Palace" title="Luxembourg Palace">Luxembourg Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Luxembourg" title="Petit Luxembourg">Petit Luxembourg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Bourbon" title="Palais Bourbon">Palais Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_Justice,_Paris" title="Palais de Justice, Paris">Palais de Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_Cit%C3%A9" title="Palais de la Cité">Palais de la Cité</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais-Royal" title="Palais-Royal">Palais-Royal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges, streets,<br />areas, squares<br />and waterways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra" title="Avenue de l'Opéra">Avenue de l'Opéra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Foch" title="Avenue Foch">Avenue Foch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_George_V" title="Avenue George V">Avenue George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_la_Madeleine" title="Boulevard de la Madeleine">Boulevard de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_S%C3%A9bastopol" title="Boulevard de Sébastopol">Boulevard de Sébastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_de_l%27Ourcq" class="mw-redirect" title="Canal de l'Ourcq">Canal de l'Ourcq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Saint-Martin" title="Canal Saint-Martin">Canal Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_de_Mars" title="Champ de Mars">Champ de Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covered_passages_of_Paris" title="Covered passages of Paris">Covered passages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_V%C3%A9ro-Dodat" title="Galerie Véro-Dodat">Galerie Véro-Dodat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Choiseul" title="Passage Choiseul">Choiseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_des_Panoramas" title="Passage des Panoramas">Panoramas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_Vivienne" title="Galerie Vivienne">Galerie Vivienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_du_Havre" title="Passage du Havre">Havre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Jouffroy" title="Passage Jouffroy">Jouffroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Brady" title="Passage Brady">Brady</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Quarter,_Paris" title="Latin Quarter, Paris">Latin Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marais" title="The Marais">Le Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre" title="Montmartre">Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse" title="Montparnasse">Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Dauphine" title="Place Dauphine">Place Dauphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Bastille" title="Place de la Bastille">Place de la Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Concorde" title="Place de la Concorde">Place de la Concorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Nation" title="Place de la Nation">Place de la Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_R%C3%A9publique" title="Place de la République">Place de la République</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89meutes-de-Stonewall" title="Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall">Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Place des États-Unis">Place des États-Unis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Pyramides" title="Place des Pyramides">Place des Pyramides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Victoires" title="Place des Victoires">Place des Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Vosges" title="Place des Vosges">Place des Vosges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Carrousel" title="Place du Carrousel">Place du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Ch%C3%A2telet" title="Place du Châtelet">Place du Châtelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Tertre" title="Place du Tertre">Place du Tertre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Saint-Michel" title="Place Saint-Michel">Place Saint-Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Place Vendôme">Place Vendôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Alexandre_III" title="Pont Alexandre III">Pont Alexandre III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_d%27I%C3%A9na" title="Pont d'Iéna">Pont d'Iéna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_de_Bir-Hakeim" title="Pont de Bir-Hakeim">Pont de Bir-Hakeim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_des_Arts" title="Pont des Arts">Pont des Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Neuf" title="Pont Neuf">Pont Neuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_du_Louvre" title="Port du Louvre">Port du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rive_Gauche" title="Rive Gauche">Rive Gauche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Basse" title="Rue Basse">Rue Basse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Bonaparte" title="Rue Bonaparte">Rue Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Charlemagne" title="Rue Charlemagne">Rue Charlemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_d%27Argenteuil" title="Rue d'Argenteuil">Rue d'Argenteuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Ferronnerie" title="Rue de la Ferronnerie">Rue de la Ferronnerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Paix,_Paris" title="Rue de la Paix, Paris">Rue de la Paix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Sourdi%C3%A8re" title="Rue de la Sourdière">Rue de la Sourdière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Montmorency" title="Rue de Montmorency">Rue de Montmorency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Richelieu" title="Rue de Richelieu">Rue de Richelieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Rivoli" title="Rue de Rivoli">Rue de Rivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Vaugirard" title="Rue de Vaugirard">Rue de Vaugirard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Francs-Bourgeois" title="Rue des Francs-Bourgeois">Rue des Francs-Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Lombards" title="Rue des Lombards">Rue des Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré">Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Elz%C3%A9vir" title="Rue Elzévir">Rue Elzévir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Foyatier" title="Rue Foyatier">Rue Foyatier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Moli%C3%A8re" title="Rue Molière">Rue Molière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Montorgueil" title="Rue Montorgueil">Rue Montorgueil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Radziwill" title="Rue Radziwill">Rue Radziwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Rambuteau" title="Rue Rambuteau">Rue Rambuteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Mond%C3%A9tour" title="Rue Mondétour">Rue Mondétour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Pastourelle" title="Rue Pastourelle">Rue Pastourelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Rosiers" title="Rue des Rosiers">Rue des Rosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue Saint-Honoré">Rue Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Denis_(Paris)" title="Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)">Rue Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Sainte-Anne" title="Rue Sainte-Anne">Rue Sainte-Anne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trocad%C3%A9ro,_Paris" title="Trocadéro, Paris">Trocadéro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaduc_d%27Austerlitz" title="Viaduc d'Austerlitz">Viaduc d'Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_parks_and_gardens_of_Paris" title="History of parks and gardens of Paris">Parks and gardens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Boulogne" title="Bois de Boulogne">Bois de Boulogne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_d%27Acclimatation" title="Jardin d'Acclimatation">Jardin d'Acclimatation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Bois de Vincennes">Bois de Vincennes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parc_floral_de_Paris" title="Parc floral de Paris">Parc floral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_du_Luxembourg" title="Jardin du Luxembourg">Jardin du Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Andr%C3%A9-Citro%C3%ABn" title="Parc André-Citroën">Parc André-Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Clichy-Batignolles_%E2%80%93_Martin_Luther_King" title="Parc Clichy-Batignolles – Martin Luther King">Parc Clichy-Batignolles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Belleville" title="Parc de Belleville">Parc de Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Bercy" title="Parc de Bercy">Parc de Bercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_la_Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge" title="Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge">Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Buttes_Chaumont" title="Parc des Buttes Chaumont">Parc des Buttes Chaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Georges-Brassens" title="Parc Georges-Brassens">Parc Georges-Brassens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Monceau" title="Parc Monceau">Parc Monceau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Montsouris" title="Parc Montsouris">Parc Montsouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Garden" title="Tuileries Garden">Tuileries Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coul%C3%A9e_verte_Ren%C3%A9-Dumont" title="Coulée verte René-Dumont">Coulée verte René-Dumont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accor_Arena" title="Accor Arena">Accor Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteuil_Hippodrome" title="Auteuil Hippodrome">Auteuil Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halle_Georges_Carpentier" title="Halle Georges Carpentier">Halle Georges Carpentier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longchamp_Racecourse" title="Longchamp Racecourse">Longchamp Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Princes" title="Parc des Princes">Parc des Princes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscine_Molitor" title="Piscine Molitor">Piscine Molitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_de_La_Chapelle_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Porte de La Chapelle Arena">Porte de La Chapelle Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Jean-Bouin_(Paris)" title="Stade Jean-Bouin (Paris)">Stade Jean Bouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pershing" title="Stade Pershing">Stade Pershing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pierre_de_Coubertin_(Paris)" title="Stade Pierre de Coubertin (Paris)">Stade Pierre de Coubertin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Roland_Garros" title="Stade Roland Garros">Stade Roland Garros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_S%C3%A9bastien_Charl%C3%A9ty" title="Stade Sébastien Charléty">Stade Sébastien Charléty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Vélodrome de Vincennes">Vélodrome de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Hippodrome de Vincennes">Vincennes Hippodrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre_Cemetery" title="Montmartre Cemetery">Montmartre Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse_Cemetery" title="Montparnasse Cemetery">Montparnasse Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passy_Cemetery" title="Passy Cemetery">Passy Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise Cemetery</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde%27s_tomb" title="Oscar Wilde's tomb">Oscar Wilde's tomb</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picpus_Cemetery" title="Picpus Cemetery">Picpus Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Région parisienne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint-Denis" title="Basilica of Saint-Denis">Basilica of Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27%C3%89couen" title="Château d'Écouen">Château d'Écouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Chantilly" title="Château de Chantilly">Château de Chantilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Château de Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Malmaison" title="Château de Malmaison">Château de Malmaison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillet" title="Château de Rambouillet">Château de Rambouillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Sceaux" title="Château de Sceaux">Château de Sceaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Château</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Versailles" title="Gardens of Versailles">Gardens of Versailles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grand_Trianon" title="Grand Trianon">Grand Trianon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Trianon" title="Petit Trianon">Petit Trianon</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Fresh_pavilion" title="Fresh pavilion">Fresh pavilion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Vincennes" title="Château de Vincennes">Château de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense">La Défense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_La_D%C3%A9fense_Arena" title="Paris La Défense Arena">Paris La Défense Arena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Park_(Paris)" title="Disneyland Park (Paris)">Disneyland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Park" title="Walt Disney Studios Park">Walt Disney Studios Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorad%C3%B4me" title="Exploradôme">Exploradôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Mont-Val%C3%A9rien" title="Fort Mont-Valérien">Fort Mont-Valérien</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9morial_de_la_France_combattante" title="Mémorial de la France combattante">Mémorial de la France combattante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suresnes_American_Cemetery_and_Memorial" title="Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial">Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Miniature" title="France Miniature">France Miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27air_et_de_l%27espace" title="Musée de l'air et de l'espace">Musée de l'air et de l'espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Fragonard_d%27Alfort" title="Musée Fragonard d'Alfort">Musée Fragonard d'Alfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Ast%C3%A9rix" title="Parc Astérix">Parc Astérix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Saint-Cloud" title="Parc de Saint-Cloud">Parc de Saint-Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provins" title="Provins">Provins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Roche-Guyon" title="La Roche-Guyon">La Roche-Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres_%E2%80%93_Cit%C3%A9_de_la_c%C3%A9ramique" title="Sèvres – Cité de la céramique">Sèvres – Cité de la céramique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_de_France" title="Stade de France">Stade de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaux-le-Vicomte" title="Vaux-le-Vicomte">Vaux-le-Vicomte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Paris" title="Culture of Paris">Culture and events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_military_parade" title="Bastille Day military parade">Bastille Day military parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AEner_en_Blanc" title="Dîner en Blanc">Dîner en Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAte_de_la_Musique" title="Fête de la Musique">Fête de la Musique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuit_Blanche" title="Nuit Blanche">Nuit Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Air_Show" title="Paris Air Show">Paris Air Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week" title="Paris Fashion Week">Paris Fashion Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Plages" title="Paris-Plages">Paris-Plages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Guard_(France)" title="Republican Guard (France)">Republican Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidays" 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