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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirtland-Tempel" title="Kirtland-Tempel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kirtland-Tempel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_Kirtland" title="Templo de Kirtland – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Templo de Kirtland" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_Kirtland" title="Templo de Kirtland – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Templo de Kirtland" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_Mormona_en_Kirtland" title="Templo Mormona en Kirtland – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Templo Mormona en Kirtland" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_Kirtland" title="Templo de Kirtland – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Templo de Kirtland" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%85tynia_Kirtland" title="Świątynia Kirtland – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Świątynia Kirtland" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templo_de_Kirtland" title="Templo de Kirtland – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Templo de Kirtland" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirtlandsk%C3%BD_chr%C3%A1m" title="Kirtlandský chrám – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kirtlandský chrám" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%98%89%E5%BE%B7%E8%98%AD%E8%81%96%E6%AE%BF" title="嘉德蘭聖殿 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="嘉德蘭聖殿" data-language-autonym="中文" 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id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kirtland_Temple&params=41_37_31_N_81_21_44_W_type:landmark_region:US-OH"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°37′31″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°21′44″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.62528°N 81.36222°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.62528; -81.36222</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Historic Mormon temple in Ohio, United States</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kirtland_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Kirtland (disambiguation)">Kirtland</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #DCF0FF">Kirtland Temple</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Historic site</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirtland_Temple_ext_(7-25-18).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Kirtland_Temple_ext_%287-25-18%29.jpg/220px-Kirtland_Temple_ext_%287-25-18%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Kirtland_Temple_ext_%287-25-18%29.jpg/330px-Kirtland_Temple_ext_%287-25-18%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Kirtland_Temple_ext_%287-25-18%29.jpg/440px-Kirtland_Temple_ext_%287-25-18%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-lat="41.625277777778" data-lon="-81.362222222222" data-overlays="["_ac1f43941769d0bcf3555e5a2c0aca1d45baa159"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/10/41.625277777778/-81.362222222222/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,41.625277777778,-81.362222222222,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kirtland_Temple&revid=1231186762&groups=_ac1f43941769d0bcf3555e5a2c0aca1d45baa159" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,41.625277777778,-81.362222222222,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kirtland_Temple&revid=1231186762&groups=_ac1f43941769d0bcf3555e5a2c0aca1d45baa159 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dedication</th><td class="infobox-data">March 27, 1836, by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Site</th><td class="infobox-data">5.8 acres (2.3 ha)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Floor area</th><td class="infobox-data">15,000 sq ft (1,400 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">• <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ldschurchtemples.com/kirtland">News & images</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background: transparent; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; display: inline-table;"> <tbody><tr style="line-height: 1.4em;"> <td style="width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em .2em 0"> </td> <td style="width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em"><br /><b>Kirtland Temple</b> </td> <td style="width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em 0 .2em .1em"><a href="/wiki/Nauvoo_Temple" title="Nauvoo Temple">→<br />Nauvoo Temple</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #DCF0FF">Additional information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Announced</th><td class="infobox-data">December 27, 1832, by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Groundbreaking</th><td class="infobox-data">June 5, 1833</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kirtland,_Ohio" title="Kirtland, Ohio">Kirtland, Ohio</a>, United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Geographic coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kirtland_Temple&params=41_37_31_N_81_21_44_W_type:landmark_region:US-OH"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°37′31″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°21′44″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.62528°N 81.36222°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.62528; -81.36222</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Exterior finish</th><td class="infobox-data">Sandstone and stucco</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Temple design</th><td class="infobox-data">Federal Georgian and New England Colonial</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Notes</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ" title="Community of Christ">Community of Christ</a>-owned until March 5, 2024. <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>-owned since March 5, 2024.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">(<span class="noprint plainlinks" title="Edit Template:LDS Temple/Kirtland Temple"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:LDS_Temple/Kirtland_Temple&action=edit">edit</a></span>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United States historic place</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:1px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="padding:0; border:none;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5">Kirtland Temple</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.4; color: #202122; background: #87CEEB"><a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">U.S. National Historic Landmark</a></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Ohio_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kirtland Temple is located in Ohio"><img alt="Kirtland Temple is located in Ohio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/USA_Ohio_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Ohio_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/USA_Ohio_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Ohio_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/USA_Ohio_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Ohio_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1010" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.342%;left:77.4%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kirtland Temple"><img alt="Kirtland Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Ohio</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kirtland Temple is located in the United States"><img alt="Kirtland Temple is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:36.13%;left:73.58%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kirtland Temple"><img alt="Kirtland Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="/wiki/Kirtland,_Ohio" title="Kirtland, Ohio">Kirtland, Ohio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kirtland_Temple&params=41_37_31_N_81_21_44_W_type:landmark_region:US-OH"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°37′31″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°21′44″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.62528°N 81.36222°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.62528; -81.36222</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Built</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">1833</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architect</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">Smith, Joseph; Et al.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">Gothic, Federal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NRHP reference <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/69000145">69000145</a><sup id="cite_ref-nris_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Added to NRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">June 4, 1969</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Kirtland Temple</b> is the first <a href="/wiki/Temple_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Temple (Latter Day Saints)">temple</a> built by adherents of the <a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Kirtland,_Ohio" title="Kirtland, Ohio">Kirtland, Ohio</a>, and dedicated in March 1836. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a>, the movement's founder, directed the construction following a series of reported revelations, and the temple showcases a blend of <a href="/wiki/Federal_architecture" title="Federal architecture">Federal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture" title="Greek Revival architecture">Greek Revival</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival</a> architectural styles.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was added to the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1969 and named a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 1977. Prior to March 5, 2024, the temple was owned and operated by <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ" title="Community of Christ">Community of Christ</a> (previously known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS)) for over a century before ownership transferred to <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> (LDS Church). </p><p>Construction of the Kirtland Temple was a community effort involving significant contributions from church members, including the establishment of a sawmill and an <a href="/wiki/Ashery" title="Ashery">ashery</a> to supply building materials. The temple features unique architectural elements such as adjustable <a href="/wiki/Pew" title="Pew">pews</a> and dual <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">pulpits</a>, reflecting its multifunctional use for worship and education. The third floor was used for academic and religious instruction, emphasizing the importance of Hebrew studies to the faith's theological development. </p><p>The dedication on March 27, 1836, was attended by approximately one thousand people and included traditional rites such as the <a href="/wiki/Hosanna_shout" title="Hosanna shout">Hosanna Shout</a>. Reports of visions and spiritual experiences by church leaders, including the restoration of certain priesthood keys through ancient prophets <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, Elias (understood to be the Biblical prophet <a href="/wiki/Malachi" title="Malachi">Malachi</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a>, were documented and later canonized in the Doctrine and Covenants. These keys represented various aspects of religious authority, including <a href="/wiki/Gathering_of_Israel" title="Gathering of Israel">the gathering of Israel</a>, the gospel of <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sealing_(Mormonism)" title="Sealing (Mormonism)">sealing</a> powers. Not long after the dedication, Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery reported seeing <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus Christ</a> "standing upon the breastwork of the pulpit." </p><p>Throughout its history, the Kirtland Temple has undergone various ownership changes and legal disputes, ultimately maintaining its status as a place of worship and historical significance within the Latter Day Saint movement. Today, it continues to serve as a historic site, open year-round for guided tours, meetings, and events, attracting visitors from around the world, and around 100,000 visitors annually. The temple's rich history, architectural distinctiveness, and ongoing religious and community use make it a unique landmark in American religious history. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction">Construction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 1830, Joseph Smith, the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Christ_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)">Church of Christ</a> (Latter Day Saints), said he received a revelation directing members of the faith to "assemble together in Ohio."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1831, members of the church began to gather to the Kirtland area.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1832, Smith said he received another revelation that called for the construction of a house of worship, education, and order.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 27, 1832, he announced that the temple would be built. On May 6, 1833, Smith said he received a revelation from God, directing the church to build "a house ... wholly dedicated unto the Lord for the work of the presidency," "dedicated unto the Lord from the foundation thereof, according to the order of the priesthood." The <a href="/wiki/First_Presidency" title="First Presidency">First Presidency</a>, which included Smith, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Rigdon" title="Sidney Rigdon">Sidney Rigdon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_G._Williams" title="Frederick G. Williams">Frederick G. Williams</a>, oversaw the laying of the temple cornerstone at a ceremony on July 23, 1833. The first cornerstone was laid at the southeast corner and construction began immediately.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the building was first being constructed, it was just known as "the House of the Lord."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the diary of <a href="/wiki/Truman_O._Angell" title="Truman O. Angell">Truman O. Angell</a>, the First Presidency (Smith, Rigdon, and Williams) reported a detailed shared vision of the inside and outside of the temple, to help show church volunteers the envisioned structure.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scott Barrick, director of <a href="/wiki/Historic_Kirtland_Village" title="Historic Kirtland Village">Historic Kirtland</a>, says that the visions were "like our (present day) virtual reality."<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Directions were given to build a "lower court and a higher court," with a promise given that the Lord's "glory shall be there, and [his] presence shall be there."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The initial designs called for an interior that was 55 feet (17 m) wide by 65 feet (20 m) long.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building has two primary gathering spaces: an upper and a lower court (or hall).<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lower hall was most often used for worship, including the <a href="/wiki/Sacrament_(LDS_Church)" title="Sacrament (LDS Church)">sacrament</a> (similar to <a href="/wiki/Communion_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communion (Catholic Church)">communion</a>), preaching, and prayer.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It features two sets of pulpits, one on each end, and adjustable pews that allow the audience to face either direction.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The upper hall was used for educational purposes, specifically for the School of the Apostles.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The building's third floor served multiple functions.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the day, it hosted general academic classes, while in the evenings, it was used for church quorum meetings. Church members there studied Hebrew, which lasted only a little over two months, but it came to have a significant impact on the evolution of the faith's theology.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also housed a school known by various names over time: the <a href="/wiki/School_of_the_Prophets" title="School of the Prophets">School of the Prophets</a>, also known as the School of the Elders and the School of the Apostles.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Joseph Smith established the school in 1833, drawing on established American traditions and <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> practices, with a focus on integrating specific religious practices to unify members and create a cohesive community.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike earlier versions, Smith's school required a dedicated temple and ceased formal operations by 1836 as focus shifted to other community preparations.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the third floor contained various church offices, including that of Joseph Smith.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The interior incorporated unique features, while the exterior was influenced by the New England Protestant style. For example, the arrangement of two series of four-tiered pulpits on each end of the assembly rooms for seating the presidencies of the <a href="/wiki/Melchizedek_priesthood_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Melchizedek priesthood (Latter Day Saints)">Melchizedek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aaronic_priesthood_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Aaronic priesthood (Latter Day Saints)">Aaronic</a> priesthoods was different from other buildings. The pulpits were designed with golden letters to differentiate offices of presiding officials from the church, from the Melchizedek Priesthood Offices, to the Aaronic Priesthood offices. (An example of this is using the letters M.P.C. This stood for Melchizedek Presiding Council- also known as the First Presidency).<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Church members donated labor and building materials, including glass and pottery which was ground up into the <a href="/wiki/Stucco" title="Stucco">stucco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crushed glassware was mixed with stucco to make the walls appear glistening.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Building the Kirtland Temple was a community effort. At the time of building the Kirtland temple, members of the church were in poverty and funds were scarce.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Berea_sandstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Berea sandstone">Berea sandstone</a> was chiseled from the Stannard Quarry at the base of <a href="/wiki/Gildersleeve_Mountain" title="Gildersleeve Mountain">Gildersleeve Mountain</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lumber was gathered from the surrounding area,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> particularly from the gravel pits on the other side of Gildersleeve Mountain along Hobart Road. In order to speed up the building process, in the fall of 1833 church members built a sawmill on Stoney Brook in Kirtland.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An ashery was built by <a href="/wiki/Newel_K._Whitney" title="Newel K. Whitney">Newel K. Whitney</a> during 1823 and 1824. The sawmill was built adjacent to the ashery, and both were used to supply materials to build the temple. At the sawmill, laborers crafted the interior support timbers and intricate woodwork found throughout the temple. The church bought 16 acres of old-growth forest to provide lumber to build the temple. Logs of walnut, cedar, cherry, and white oak were floated on the <a href="/wiki/Chagrin_River" title="Chagrin River">Chagrin River</a> a few hundred yards to the sawmill where they were cut and used to build the temple.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temple was planned to be at the center of a community; church leaders designed a plat for the Kirtland temple similar to the one planned for Zion in Jackson County, Missouri.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nearly all able bodied men who were not away on missions for the church worked on the temple.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Under the supervision of <a href="/wiki/Emma_Smith" title="Emma Smith">Emma Smith</a>, Joseph's wife, the women of Kirtland contributed to the temple's construction by sewing clothing for the workers and crafting materials for the temple itself. They produced carpets and curtains from white canvas, which were utilized to partition the spacious first and second floors of the temple into more private, smaller sections. Additionally, these curtains were strategically placed above the pulpits to offer privacy as required.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the day, the men would construct the temple, and by night would guard it from mobs and vandals.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JSPIII_Backing.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/JSPIII_Backing.JPG/220px-JSPIII_Backing.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/JSPIII_Backing.JPG/330px-JSPIII_Backing.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/JSPIII_Backing.JPG/440px-JSPIII_Backing.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1588" data-file-height="1239" /></a><figcaption>Plans for the Kirtland House of the Lord. On the other side are pasted ancient Egyptian <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Papyri#Mounting_of_the_papyri" title="Joseph Smith Papyri">Papyri Fragments</a>, part of the collection Joseph Smith used to translate the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Abraham" title="Book of Abraham">Book of Abraham</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Many church members were important to the construction of the Kirtland Temple. Of particular note is Artemus Millet, who has been credited for providing the method of the exterior wall construction, head stonemason, creating the mix of the exterior stucco, and as the superintendent of construction for a portion of the work. There is some disagreement as to the question if Millet was baptized before or after his building skills were needed and recommended by <a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">Brigham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Young" title="Joseph Young">Joseph Young</a>. Either way, he was baptized by Brigham and confirmed by Joseph while in Canada, and Millet came afterwards to help provide methods, labor, and financial support for the building of the Kirtland Temple.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This was the first structure of its kind built by early Latter Day Saints. The Kirtland Temple is different in purpose from the <a href="/wiki/Nauvoo_Temple" title="Nauvoo Temple">Nauvoo Temple</a>, built in the 1840s, and from other temples that followed in the Latter Day Saint movement.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This is true off the top of my head, particularly for Latter-day Saint temples, but still should be sourced. A source could also clarify the degree to which one describes Community of Christ's Independence Temple as either similar to the Kirtland Temple (both were administrative centers) or as different (architecturally quite different on the inside). (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The temple was used as both a meetinghouse and a formally dedicated temple.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of its construction, none of the ordinances now associated with Latter-day Saint temple worship, such as <a href="/wiki/Baptism_for_the_dead" title="Baptism for the dead">baptism by proxy</a>, endowments, and sealings, had been instituted.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The practice of baptisms for the dead was not in use by the church until 1840.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Tad Walch, from <a href="/wiki/Deseret_News" title="Deseret News">Deseret News</a>, the endowment was given "in full" at the <a href="/wiki/Red_Brick_Store" title="Red Brick Store">Nauvoo Red Brick Store</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:11_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1842.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Kirtland Temple was not originally white on the exterior as it is today. The original exterior was a bluish-gray according to Truman Coe, a local minister in the 1830s. The roof is believed to have been red, and the front doors olive green. Presently, only the doors are the original color.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:11_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Temples of nearly identical design were planned at about the same time period in <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> at <a href="/wiki/Temple_Lot" title="Temple Lot">Temple Lot</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Independence,_Missouri" title="Independence, Missouri">Independence</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-:13_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Far_West,_Missouri" title="Far West, Missouri">Far West</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Adam-ondi-Ahman" title="Adam-ondi-Ahman">Adam-ondi-Ahman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, none were built because of the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_War_(1838)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon War (1838)">1838 Mormon War</a> which evicted the members from the state.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building cost $40,000 to construct.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The interior has over 2,500 windowpanes.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dedication">Dedication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Dedication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirtland_Temple_lower_court_west_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Kirtland Temple interior view of the lower court" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Kirtland_Temple_lower_court_west_1.jpg/220px-Kirtland_Temple_lower_court_west_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Kirtland_Temple_lower_court_west_1.jpg/330px-Kirtland_Temple_lower_court_west_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Kirtland_Temple_lower_court_west_1.jpg/440px-Kirtland_Temple_lower_court_west_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3966" data-file-height="2974" /></a><figcaption>Interior view of lower court showing the west pulpits where the dedication was held March 27, 1836</figcaption></figure> <p>The temple was dedicated in a seven-hour service on March 27, 1836. The temple was filled to double its capacity, and many people who wanted to participate could not fit into the packed building. To address their disappointment, Joseph Smith directed them to a nearby schoolhouse used as an overflow building. The service was repeated for them the following Thursday.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A reported "one thousand persons" attended the gathering, which introduced such traditional dedication rites as the <a href="/wiki/Hosanna_Shout" class="mw-redirect" title="Hosanna Shout">Hosanna Shout</a> and singing of the hymn written by <a href="/wiki/W._W._Phelps_(Mormon)" title="W. W. Phelps (Mormon)">W. W. Phelps</a> entitled "<a href="/wiki/The_Spirit_of_God_Like_a_Fire_Is_Burning" title="The Spirit of God Like a Fire Is Burning">The Spirit of God Like a Fire Is Burning</a>." Following a two-and-a-half-hour sermon given by Rigdon, Smith offered a dedicatory prayer that had been prepared by a committee of church leaders,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which he indicated was given to him by revelation.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two other church leaders, Brigham Young and <a href="/wiki/David_W._Patten" title="David W. Patten">David W. Patten</a>, were reported to have been inspired to <a href="/wiki/Glossolalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossolalia">speak in tongues</a> following the prayer (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Messenger_and_Advocate_(March_1836)" class="extiw" title="s:Messenger and Advocate (March 1836)">Messenger and Advocate (March 1836)</a>). Truman O. Angell recorded in his journal the following account: </p> <blockquote><p>When about midway during the prayer, there was a glorious sensation passed through the house [Kirtland Temple]; and we, having our heads bowed in prayer, felt a sensation very elevating to the soul. At the close of the prayer, F. G. Williams being in the upper east stand- -Joseph being in the speaking stand next below--rose and testified that midway during the prayer an holy angel came and seated himself in the stand. When the afternoon meeting assembled, Joseph, feeling very much elated, arose the first thing and said the personage who had appeared in the morning was the Angel Peter come to accept the dedication.<sup id="cite_ref-Angells_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angells-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>On Easter Sunday, April 3, 1836, coinciding with the Jewish <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a>, Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery reported experiencing a significant event at the Kirtland Temple. It is recounted that the Lord manifested Himself to them, expressing acceptance of the temple.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This event involved the restoration of certain priesthood keys through ancient prophets, namely <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, Elias (understood to be the Biblical prophet <a href="/wiki/Malachi" title="Malachi">Malachi</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These keys were said to represent various aspects of religious authority, including <a href="/wiki/Gathering_of_Israel" title="Gathering of Israel">the gathering of Israel</a>, the gospel of Abraham, and sealing powers.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the main purposes of building the temple was to follow one of the Lord’s commandments and to be endowed with power.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to receive their endowment, the men needed to finish building the temple and they needed to spiritually, mentally, and physically prepare. Part of the preparations involved ceremonial washings and anointings,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> symbolizing the purification of their hearts to enable communion with heaven. A few months prior to the temple dedication, Phelps expressed, "We are preparing to make ourselves clean, by first cleansing our hearts, forsaking our sins, forgiving everybody; … putting on clean decent clothes, by anointing our heads and by keeping all the commandments."<sup id="cite_ref-:2_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It's noted that while certain ordinances were performed in the Kirtland Temple, they were considered only a partial endowment, and the Kirtland temple is not the site of the first full temple endowment. The full endowment, according to accounts, was anticipated to occur later when the community settled in Nauvoo.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visions_and_miracles">Visions and miracles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Visions and miracles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirtland_Temple_third_floor_west.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Far western classroom on the third floor of the temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Kirtland_Temple_third_floor_west.jpg/220px-Kirtland_Temple_third_floor_west.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Kirtland_Temple_third_floor_west.jpg/330px-Kirtland_Temple_third_floor_west.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Kirtland_Temple_third_floor_west.jpg/440px-Kirtland_Temple_third_floor_west.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Far western classroom on the third floor of the temple that served as Joseph Smith's private study. It is where LDS D&C Section 137 was received</figcaption></figure> <p>On January 21, 1836, before the temple was completed, Smith wrote in his journal the first of several visions received at the temple. As he and his associates performed a <a href="/wiki/Feet_washing" class="mw-redirect" title="Feet washing">feet washing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anointing" title="Anointing">anointing</a> ritual, he saw "the <a href="/wiki/Celestial_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Celestial Kingdom">celestial kingdom</a> of God, and the glory thereof ... [and] the blazing throne of God, whereon was seated the Father and the Son." In addition, Smith said the streets looked like they were paved with gold, and then taught that any who died without learning about the (restored) gospel who would have embraced it would go to the Celestial Kingdom (The highest level of Heaven in Latter Day Saint theology).<sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smith also reported seeing <a href="/wiki/Adam_and_Eve" title="Adam and Eve">Adam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a>, and three family members, only one of which had previously died; this experience of Smith was canonized by the LDS Church as revelation and published as Section 137 of the <a href="/wiki/Doctrine_and_Covenants" title="Doctrine and Covenants">Doctrine and Covenants</a> for the first time in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Days after the dedication, several more visions were recorded in his personal journal. On April 3, Smith had his scribe, <a href="/wiki/Warren_Cowdery" class="mw-redirect" title="Warren Cowdery">Warren Cowdery</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> write down in his personal journal an account of a spiritual experience Smith and <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cowdery" title="Oliver Cowdery">Oliver Cowdery</a> had while praying in the pulpits. In this experience, Smith states that he and Cowdery saw <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a> "standing upon the breastwork of the pulpit." According to Smith's account, Christ accepted the church's dedication of the temple, and promised blessings according to their obedience. Following the conclusion of this vision of Christ, the account goes on to tell of Smith and Cowdery then receiving visions of <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, Elias, and <a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a>. The account in Smith's journal is the only known telling of this occurrence during his lifetime. The LDS Church canonized it as Section 110 of their Doctrine and Covenants in 1876.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shifting_ownership">Shifting ownership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Shifting ownership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Smith's time in Kirtland after the temple came into use was limited. In 1837, he became involved with the foundation of a bank known as the <a href="/wiki/Kirtland_Safety_Society" title="Kirtland Safety Society">Kirtland Safety Society</a>. The failure of this bank was a factor that caused a schism among Latter Day Saints in Kirtland. The dissenters were led by <a href="/wiki/Warren_Parrish" title="Warren Parrish">Warren Parrish</a>, Smith's former secretary, and included <a href="/wiki/Martin_Harris_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Martin Harris (Latter Day Saints)">Martin Harris</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Witnesses" title="Three Witnesses">Three Witnesses</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Mormon" title="Book of Mormon">Book of Mormon</a>. Parrish's group took control of the temple and other church property. By the beginning of 1838, Smith was forced to flee the state, relocating to Far West, Missouri with hundreds of loyalists. After the Mormons moved west in 1838, the temple was used by the Western Reserve Teacher's Seminary. Parrish's group dissolved and by 1841 the remaining Latter Day Saints in Kirtland had come back into communion with the main body of the church, which had subsequently relocated to <a href="/wiki/Nauvoo,_Illinois" title="Nauvoo, Illinois">Nauvoo, Illinois</a>. </p><p>A period of confusion followed <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Joseph_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Joseph Smith">Smith's death</a> in 1844, as rival leaders and factions vied for control of the temple. In 1845, the Latter Day Saints in Kirtland, under the leadership of S. B. Stoddard, Leonard Rich, and Jacob Bump organized their own church in opposition to those of Brigham Young, <a href="/wiki/James_J._Strang" class="mw-redirect" title="James J. Strang">James J. Strang</a> and other leaders. This group later merged with a faction led by <a href="/wiki/William_E._McLellin" title="William E. McLellin">William E. McLellin</a> whose president was <a href="/wiki/David_Whitmer" title="David Whitmer">David Whitmer</a>, one of the Three Witnesses. </p><p>By 1848, another Latter Day Saint faction led by <a href="/wiki/Hazen_Aldrich" title="Hazen Aldrich">Hazen Aldrich</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Collin_Brewster" class="mw-redirect" title="James Collin Brewster">James Collin Brewster</a> was organized in Kirtland and maintained control of the temple. This faction also dissolved and most of the members who were in Kirtland eventually joined the Community of Christ (then known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, adding the word <i>Reorganized</i> to their name in 1872) led by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_III" title="Joseph Smith III">Joseph Smith III</a>. In 1860, a <a href="/wiki/Probate_court" title="Probate court">probate court</a> in Ohio sold the Kirtland Temple as a means of paying off some debts owned by Joseph Smith's estate.<sup id="cite_ref-RDL_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDL-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Joseph Smith III and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Hill_Forscutt" title="Mark Hill Forscutt">Mark Hill Forscutt</a> purchased a <a href="/wiki/Quitclaim_deed" class="mw-redirect" title="Quitclaim deed">quitclaim deed</a> to the temple in 1874.<sup id="cite_ref-RDL_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDL-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1880, the RLDS Church began the <i><a href="/wiki/Kirtland_Temple_Suit" title="Kirtland Temple Suit">Kirtland Temple Suit</a></i>, in an attempt to gain clear legal title to the temple. The court opinion stated that the RLDS Church was the lawful successor of the original church, but ultimately dismissed the case.<sup id="cite_ref-KLL_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KLL-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the case had no legal bearing, the RLDS Church secured ownership of the temple through <a href="/wiki/Adverse_possession" title="Adverse possession">adverse possession</a> by at least 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-KLL_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KLL-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The local RLDS congregation met in the building on a regular basis for Sunday worship until the 1950s. Due to preservation concerns, a new church was built across the street (for the congregation) and the temple saw more direct management and funding from the world church. Until early 2024, the building was used for approximately 50 to 60 worship services, classes, retreats and other special events throughout the year primarily by various Latter Day Saint denominations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Unlike the later built Nauvoo Temple, the Kirtland Temple was never destroyed or burned down. The same stones from the original construction are still in place. Although the majority of church members left the Kirtland area for Missouri in 1838, the Kirtland Temple was never completely abandoned by the church. From its inception to the present day, it has always been operated by a group that can trace their origins to the Latter Day Saint movement. It has been a place of worship and a symbol of the movement since it was dedicated in 1836. </p><p>Community of Christ owned the Kirtland Temple for more than a century.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The LDS Church and Community of Christ announced on March 5, 2024 that ownership of the site had transferred to the former as part of a $192.5 million acquisition of historic sites and objects.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The transfer between the two churches began in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The transfer included other historical items and buildings, like the Red Brick Store, the printer manuscript of the Book of Mormon, along with a Bible used by Joseph Smith in the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historic_site">Historic site</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Historic site"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirtland_Temple_upper_court_east_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="East pulpits in the upper court of the Kirtland Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kirtland_Temple_upper_court_east_1.jpg/220px-Kirtland_Temple_upper_court_east_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kirtland_Temple_upper_court_east_1.jpg/330px-Kirtland_Temple_upper_court_east_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kirtland_Temple_upper_court_east_1.jpg/440px-Kirtland_Temple_upper_court_east_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Interior view of the east pulpits in the upper court of the Kirtland Temple</figcaption></figure> <p>The Kirtland Temple was used as the meetinghouse for Kirtland's RLDS congregation until the 1950s, when a modern church was built across the street. The temple was then experienced through guided tours, community services, and pre-arranged meetings for out-of-town groups. The temple was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1969 and was named a National Historic Landmark in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The visitors' center has about 100,000 visitors per year,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and according to Sarah Murphy from <a href="/wiki/KTVX" title="KTVX">ABC4 Utah</a>, brings in hundreds of visitors from around the world every week.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the ownership of Community of Christ, temple guides were typically local residents, usually, but not always, members of Community of Christ. During the busy summer months, college-aged adults augmented the temple's staff as part of the Alma Blair Internship Program. Throughout the year, other volunteers traveled to the temple for stints as guides, maintenance staff, or gardeners.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the ownership of the LDS Church, tours are guided by sister and senior missionaries, managed as part of the larger <a href="/wiki/Historic_Kirtland_Village" title="Historic Kirtland Village">Historic Kirtland Village</a> sites.<sup id="cite_ref-historickirtland_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historickirtland-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were about 50 worship services and/or educational events held each year at the Kirtland Temple. The temple held community services for Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve, and Holy Week, as well as the annual Emma Smith Hymn Festival in June. Additionally, members of various Latter Day Saint denominations travel to the temple where they are permitted to hold their own services with prior arrangement. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirtland_Temple_north_cemetery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Kirtland_Temple_north_cemetery.jpg/220px-Kirtland_Temple_north_cemetery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Kirtland_Temple_north_cemetery.jpg/330px-Kirtland_Temple_north_cemetery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Kirtland_Temple_north_cemetery.jpg/440px-Kirtland_Temple_north_cemetery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>View of the temple from the historic Kirtland North Cemetery</figcaption></figure> <p>A Spiritual Formation and Visitors' Center was opened in March 2007. The center's exterior is inspired by that of the Kirtland Temple, and its layout has been described as reflecting a dove. It enhances the ministries of the temple by providing classroom space, worship space, a multi-use theater, offices, and a small museum. The museum contains artifacts related to the temple and original documents from the Kirtland era. Until 2024, there was also a museum gift shop which featured a broad selection of books on Latter Day Saint history and the various expressions of the movement. </p><p>Gardens are located outside the temple and immediately north of the temple on the opposite side of Maple Street is the historic Kirtland North Cemetery, which has graves dating back to the 1820s.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just beyond the cemetery to the north is the restored Joseph and Emma Smith home, while the remaining sites of Historic Kirtland Village are a short distance further north.<sup id="cite_ref-historickirtland_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historickirtland-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the LDS Church's acquisition of the temple on March 5, 2024, it will remain a historic building and the church reopened it to the public March 25, 2024 for public tours at no charge.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nris-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nris_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP">"National Register Information System"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rsc.byu.edu&rft.atitle=The+Kirtland+Temple+And+Endowment+of+Power+%7C+Religious+Studies+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsc.byu.edu%2Fwell-sing-well-shout%2Fkirtland-temple-endowment-power&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/2013/9/25/20457214/picturing-history-adam-ondi-ahman-temple-site/">"Picturing history: Adam-ondi-Ahman temple site"</a>. <i>Deseret News</i>. December 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Picturing+history%3A+Adam-ondi-Ahman+temple+site&rft.date=2023-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2F2013%2F9%2F25%2F20457214%2Fpicturing-history-adam-ondi-ahman-temple-site%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArrington1966">Arrington (1966</a>, p. 13).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://byustudies.byu.edu/content/oliver-cowderys-kirtland-ohio-sketch-book"><i>Oliver Cowdery's Kirtland, Ohio Sketch Book</i></a> as reprinted in BYU Studies 12:4 (1972). [Saturday, March 26, 1836] "This day our school did not keep, we prepared for the dedication of the Lord's house. I met in the president's room, pres. J. Smith, jr. S. Rigdon, my brother W. A. Cowdery & Elder W. Parrish, and assisted in writing a prayer for the dedication of the house."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History of the Church, 2:420</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Angells-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Angells_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngell" class="citation web cs1">Angell, Truman O. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050214062448/http://www.angells.com/angell/genealogy/history/truman/">"Autobiography of Truman O. Angell"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angells.com/angell/genealogy/history/truman/">the original</a> on February 14, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Autobiography+of+Truman+O.+Angell&rft.aulast=Angell&rft.aufirst=Truman+O&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.angells.com%2Fangell%2Fgenealogy%2Fhistory%2Ftruman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span> Angells.com cache at <a href="/wiki/Archive.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.org">archive.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/eng/friend/2013/05/jesus-christ-accepts-the-kirtland-temple-as-his-house">"Jesus Christ Accepts the Kirtland Temple as His House"</a>. <i>www.churchofjesuschrist.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.churchofjesuschrist.org&rft.atitle=Jesus+Christ+Accepts+the+Kirtland+Temple+as+His+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Fstudy%2Feng%2Ffriend%2F2013%2F05%2Fjesus-christ-accepts-the-kirtland-temple-as-his-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/2016/4/3/20585935/180-years-ago-today-in-the-kirtland-temple-visits-by-jesus-christ-moses-elijah-and-elias/">"180 years ago today in the Kirtland Temple, visits by Jesus Christ, Moses, Elijah and Elias"</a>. <i>Deseret News</i>. December 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=180+years+ago+today+in+the+Kirtland+Temple%2C+visits+by+Jesus+Christ%2C+Moses%2C+Elijah+and+Elias&rft.date=2023-12-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2F2016%2F4%2F3%2F20585935%2F180-years-ago-today-in-the-kirtland-temple-visits-by-jesus-christ-moses-elijah-and-elias%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/eng/history/topics/endowment-of-power">"Endowment of Power"</a>. <i>www.churchofjesuschrist.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.churchofjesuschrist.org&rft.atitle=Endowment+of+Power&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Fstudy%2Feng%2Fhistory%2Ftopics%2Fendowment-of-power&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPykles" class="citation web cs1">Pykles, Benjamin C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://byustudies.byu.edu/article/an-introduction-to-the-kirtland-flats-ashery/">"An Introduction to the Kirtland Flats Ashery"</a>. <i>BYU Studies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BYU+Studies&rft.atitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Kirtland+Flats+Ashery&rft.aulast=Pykles&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbyustudies.byu.edu%2Farticle%2Fan-introduction-to-the-kirtland-flats-ashery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://churchofjesuschristtemples.org/kirtland-temple/">"Kirtland Temple | ChurchofJesusChristTemples.org"</a>. <i>Temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Temples+of+The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints&rft.atitle=Kirtland+Temple+%7C+ChurchofJesusChristTemples.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchurchofjesuschristtemples.org%2Fkirtland-temple%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalchMarch_10A.m" class="citation web cs1">Walch, Tad; March 10, Deseret News | Posted-; A.m, 2024 at 7:14. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ksl.com/article/50944460/after-buying-kirtland-temple-church-hopes-to-keep-it-old">"After buying Kirtland Temple, church hopes to keep it 'old'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>www.ksl.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ksl.com&rft.atitle=After+buying+Kirtland+Temple%2C+church+hopes+to+keep+it+%27old%27&rft.aulast=Walch&rft.aufirst=Tad&rft.au=March+10%2C+Deseret+News+%7C+Posted-&rft.au=A.m%2C+2024+at+7%3A14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ksl.com%2Farticle%2F50944460%2Fafter-buying-kirtland-temple-church-hopes-to-keep-it-old&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Doctrine_and_Covenants" title="Doctrine and Covenants">Doctrine and Covenants</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/137?lang=eng">137</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Scott_H._Faulring" title="Scott H. Faulring">Faulring, Scott H.</a>, ed., <i>An American Prophet's Record: The Diaries and Journals of Joseph Smith</i> (Salt Lake City: <a href="/wiki/Signature_Books" title="Signature Books">Signature Books</a>, 1987), 156 footnotes</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Doctrine_and_Covenants" title="Doctrine and Covenants">Doctrine and Covenants</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/110?lang=eng">110</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalch2024" class="citation news cs1">Walch, Tad (March 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/faith/2024/03/05/church-announces-purchase-of-historic-kirtland-temple-other-historic-sites-and-manuscripts/">"Church Announces Purchase of Historic Kirtland Temple, Other Historic Sites and Manuscripts"</a>. <i>Deseret News</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Church+Announces+Purchase+of+Historic+Kirtland+Temple%2C+Other+Historic+Sites+and+Manuscripts&rft.date=2024-03-05&rft.aulast=Walch&rft.aufirst=Tad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2Ffaith%2F2024%2F03%2F05%2Fchurch-announces-purchase-of-historic-kirtland-temple-other-historic-sites-and-manuscripts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RDL-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RDL_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RDL_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Roger_D._Launius" title="Roger D. Launius">Roger D. Launius</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://byustudies.byu.edu/content/joseph-smith-iii-and-kirtland-temple-suit">"Joseph Smith III and the Kirtland Temple Suit"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/BYU_Studies" title="BYU Studies">BYU Studies</a></i> <b>25</b>:110–116 (Summer 1985).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KLL-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KLL_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KLL_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kim L. Loving, "Ownership of the Kirtland Temple: Legends, Lies, and Misunderstandings", <i>Journal of Mormon History</i> (Fall 2004), 1-80.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerrera2024" class="citation news cs1">Herrera, Sam (March 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kslnewsradio.com/2085992/kirtland-temple-acquisition/">"The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Acquires Buildings, Manuscripts, Kirtland Temple from Community of Christ"</a>. <i>KSL</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=KSL&rft.atitle=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints+Acquires+Buildings%2C+Manuscripts%2C+Kirtland+Temple+from+Community+of+Christ&rft.date=2024-03-05&rft.aulast=Herrera&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkslnewsradio.com%2F2085992%2Fkirtland-temple-acquisition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/2017/9/20/20619977/lds-church-buys-printer-s-manuscript-of-book-of-mormon-for-record-35-million/">"LDS Church buys printer's manuscript of Book of Mormon for record $35 million"</a>. <i>Deseret News</i>. December 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=LDS+Church+buys+printer%27s+manuscript+of+Book+of+Mormon+for+record+%2435+million&rft.date=2023-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2F2017%2F9%2F20%2F20619977%2Flds-church-buys-printer-s-manuscript-of-book-of-mormon-for-record-35-million%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/faith/2024/03/05/church-announces-purchase-of-historic-kirtland-temple-other-historic-sites-and-manuscripts/">"The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints buys Kirtland Ohio Temple"</a>. <i>Deseret News</i>. March 6, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints+buys+Kirtland+Ohio+Temple&rft.date=2024-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2Ffaith%2F2024%2F03%2F05%2Fchurch-announces-purchase-of-historic-kirtland-temple-other-historic-sites-and-manuscripts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Laurie Williams Sowby (September 5, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thechurchnews.com/2009/9/5/23229718/kirtlands-history-interwoven-with-the-restoration/">Kirtland's history interwoven with the Restoration</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Church_News" title="Church News">Church News</a></i> published by Deseret News Publishing Corporation. Last accessed January 27, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc4.com/news/religion/kirtland-temple-past-present-future/">"Inside the Kirtland Temple: A look at the past, present and future meaning of the historic building"</a>. <i>ABC4 Utah</i>. March 31, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC4+Utah&rft.atitle=Inside+the+Kirtland+Temple%3A+A+look+at+the+past%2C+present+and+future+meaning+of+the+historic+building&rft.date=2024-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc4.com%2Fnews%2Freligion%2Fkirtland-temple-past-present-future%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kirtlandtemple.org/volunteer/">"Volunteer — The Kirtland Temple"</a>. <i>kirtlandtemple.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kirtlandtemple.org&rft.atitle=Volunteer+%E2%80%94+The+Kirtland+Temple&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirtlandtemple.org%2Fvolunteer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-historickirtland-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-historickirtland_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historickirtland_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/learn/locations/historic-kirtland?lang=eng">"Historic Kirtland"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Kirtland&rft.pub=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Flearn%2Flocations%2Fhistoric-kirtland%3Flang%3Deng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStahle,_Shawn_D.2001" class="citation news cs1">Stahle, Shawn D. (August 4, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deseret.com/2001/8/4/20779355/kirtland-cemetery-is-study-of-early-members/">"Kirtland cemetery is study of early members"</a>. <i>Deseret News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Kirtland+cemetery+is+study+of+early+members&rft.date=2001-08-04&rft.au=Stahle%2C+Shawn+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseret.com%2F2001%2F8%2F4%2F20779355%2Fkirtland-cemetery-is-study-of-early-members%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/article/sacred-sites-and-historic-documents-transfer-to-church-of-jesus-christ">"Sacred Sites and Historic Documents Transfer to Church of Jesus Christ"</a>. <i>newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org</i>. March 5, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org&rft.atitle=Sacred+Sites+and+Historic+Documents+Transfer+to+Church+of+Jesus+Christ&rft.date=2024-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Farticle%2Fsacred-sites-and-historic-documents-transfer-to-church-of-jesus-christ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArrington1966" class="citation book cs1">Arrington, Leonard J. (1966). <i>Great Basin Kingdom: An Economic History of the Latter-day Saints</i> (First Bison Book ed.). University of Nebraska Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+Basin+Kingdom%3A+An+Economic+History+of+the+Latter-day+Saints&rft.edition=First+Bison+Book&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Arrington&rft.aufirst=Leonard+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKirtland+Temple" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Truman_O._Angell" title="Truman O. Angell">Truman O. Angell</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/TAngell.html">Autobiography (1810-1856) in "His Journal,"</a> Our Pioneer Heritage 10 (1967):195-213.</li> <li>Marilyn Chiat, <i>North American Churches.</i> Lincolnwood, IL: Publications International, Ltd., 2004.</li> <li>David J. Howlett, <i>Kirtland Temple: The Biography of a Shared Mormon Space.</i> Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2014.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Launius" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Launius">Roger Launius</a>, <i>The Kirtland Temple: A Historical Narrative.</i> Independence, Missouri: <a href="/wiki/Herald_Publishing_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Herald Publishing House">Herald Publishing House</a>, 1986.</li> <li>Elwin C. Robison, <i>The First Mormon Temple: Design, Construction, and Historic Context of the Kirtland Temple</i>, Provo, UT: BYU Press, 1997.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirtland_Temple&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Messenger_and_Advocate_(March_1836)" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Messenger and Advocate (March 1836)">Wikisource - Kirtland Temple Dedication</a> - Account of Kirtland Temple dedication from March 1836 issue of <i>Messenger and Advocate</i>, an early Latter Day Saint periodical</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirtlandtemple.org">Kirtland Temple</a> – official website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/search/?q=Drawing:%20oh0043&fi=number&op=PHRASE&va=exact&co%20=hh&st=gallery&sg%20=%20true">Architectural drawings</a> of the Kirtland Temple from the Library of Congress</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.churchofjesuschrist.org/article/historic-sites/ohio/kirtland/kirtland-temple?lang=eng">Kirtland Temple Historic Site</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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listings in Allen County, Ohio">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ashland_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ashland County, Ohio">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ashtabula_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ashtabula County, Ohio">Ashtabula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Athens_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Athens County, Ohio">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Auglaize_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Auglaize County, Ohio">Auglaize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Belmont_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Belmont County, Ohio">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brown_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brown County, Ohio">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Butler_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Butler County, Ohio">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Carroll_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Carroll County, Ohio">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Champaign_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Champaign County, Ohio">Champaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clark_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clark County, Ohio">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clermont_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clermont County, Ohio">Clermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clinton_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, Ohio">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Columbiana_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbiana County, Ohio">Columbiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Coshocton_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Coshocton County, Ohio">Coshocton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Crawford_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Crawford County, Ohio">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cuyahoga_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cuyahoga County, Ohio">Cuyahoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Darke_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Darke County, Ohio">Darke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Defiance_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Defiance County, Ohio">Defiance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Delaware_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Delaware County, Ohio">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Erie_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Erie County, Ohio">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fairfield_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fairfield County, Ohio">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fayette_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fayette County, Ohio">Fayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Franklin_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Franklin County, Ohio">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fulton_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, Ohio">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Gallia_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Gallia County, Ohio">Gallia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Geauga_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Geauga County, Ohio">Geauga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Greene_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Greene County, Ohio">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Guernsey_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Guernsey County, Ohio">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hamilton_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hamilton County, Ohio">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hancock_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hancock County, Ohio">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hardin_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hardin County, Ohio">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Harrison_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Harrison County, Ohio">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Henry_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Ohio">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Highland_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Highland County, Ohio">Highland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hocking_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hocking County, Ohio">Hocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Holmes_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Holmes County, Ohio">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Huron_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Huron County, Ohio">Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jackson_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jackson County, Ohio">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jefferson_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Ohio">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Knox_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Knox County, Ohio">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lake_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lake County, Ohio">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lawrence_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lawrence County, Ohio">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Licking_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Licking County, Ohio">Licking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Logan_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Logan County, Ohio">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lorain_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lorain County, Ohio">Lorain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lucas_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lucas County, Ohio">Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Madison_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, Ohio">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Mahoning_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Mahoning County, Ohio">Mahoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Marion_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Marion County, Ohio">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Medina_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Medina County, Ohio">Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Meigs_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Meigs County, Ohio">Meigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Mercer_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Mercer County, Ohio">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Miami_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami County, Ohio">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Monroe_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Monroe County, Ohio">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montgomery_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Montgomery County, Ohio">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Morgan_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Morgan County, Ohio">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Morrow_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Morrow County, Ohio">Morrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Muskingum_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Muskingum County, Ohio">Muskingum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Noble_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Noble County, Ohio">Noble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ottawa_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ottawa County, Ohio">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Paulding_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Paulding County, Ohio">Paulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Perry_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Perry County, Ohio">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pickaway_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pickaway County, Ohio">Pickaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pike_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pike County, Ohio">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Portage_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Portage County, Ohio">Portage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Preble_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Preble County, Ohio">Preble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Putnam_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Putnam County, Ohio">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Richland_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Richland County, Ohio">Richland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ross_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ross County, Ohio">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Sandusky_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Sandusky County, Ohio">Sandusky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Scioto_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Scioto County, Ohio">Scioto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Seneca_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Seneca County, Ohio">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Shelby_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Shelby County, Ohio">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Stark_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Stark County, Ohio">Stark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Summit_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Summit County, Ohio">Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Trumbull_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Trumbull County, Ohio">Trumbull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tuscarawas_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Tuscarawas County, Ohio">Tuscarawas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Union_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Union County, Ohio">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Van_Wert_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Van Wert County, Ohio">Van Wert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Vinton_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Vinton County, Ohio">Vinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Warren_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, Ohio">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Washington_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Ohio">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wayne_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wayne County, Ohio">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Williams_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Williams County, Ohio">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wood_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wood County, Ohio">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wyandot_County,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wyandot County, Ohio">Wyandot</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/50px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/75px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/100px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="720" /></span></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Map_of_USA_OH.svg/100px-Map_of_USA_OH.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Map_of_USA_OH.svg/151px-Map_of_USA_OH.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Map_of_USA_OH.svg/200px-Map_of_USA_OH.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="186" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Lists by city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Akron,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Akron, Ohio">Akron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cincinnati" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cleveland" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Columbus,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dayton,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Dayton, Ohio">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Sandusky,_Ohio" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Sandusky, Ohio">Sandusky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Other lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Ohio" title="List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Ohio">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cuyahoga_Valley_National_Park" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cuyahoga Valley National Park">Cuyahoga Valley National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Ohio" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Ohio">National Historic Landmarks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Register" title="Keeper of the Register">Keeper of the Register</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="History of the National Register of Historic Places">History of the National Register of Historic Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_property_types" title="National Register of Historic Places property types">Property types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Historic districts in the United States">Historic district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contributing_property" title="Contributing property">Contributing property</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Historic_sites_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LDSsites" title="Template:LDSsites"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LDSsites" title="Template talk:LDSsites"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LDSsites" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LDSsites"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Historic_sites_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_sites_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic sites of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">Historic sites of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northeast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmyra (town), New York">Palmyra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Mormon_Historic_Publication_Site" title="Book of Mormon Historic Publication Site">Book of Mormon Historic Publication Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumorah" title="Cumorah">Hill Cumorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Family_Farm" title="Smith Family Farm">Smith Family Farm</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sacred_Grove_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Sacred Grove (Latter Day Saints)">Sacred Grove</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kirtland,_Ohio" title="Kirtland, Ohio">Kirtland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Kirtland_Village" title="Historic Kirtland Village">Historic Kirtland Village</a> (<a href="/wiki/Newel_K._Whitney" title="Newel K. Whitney">Newel K. Whitney Store</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kirtland Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_Restoration_Site" title="Priesthood Restoration Site">Priesthood Restoration Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Johnson_Farm" title="John Johnson Farm">John Johnson Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Birthplace_Memorial" title="Joseph Smith Birthplace Memorial">Joseph Smith Birthplace Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Whitmer_log_home" title="Peter Whitmer log home">Peter Whitmer log home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C._Temple" title="Washington D.C. Temple">Washington D.C. Temple Visitors' Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Midwest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nauvoo,_Illinois" title="Nauvoo, Illinois">Nauvoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Mansion_House" title="Joseph Smith Mansion House">Joseph Smith Mansion House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauvoo_Illinois_Temple" title="Nauvoo Illinois Temple">Nauvoo Visitors' Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauvoo_Temple" title="Nauvoo Temple">Nauvoo Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauvoo_Historic_District" title="Nauvoo Historic District">Nauvoo Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Brick_Store" title="Red Brick Store">Red Brick Store</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far_West,_Missouri" title="Far West, Missouri">Far West Temple Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam-ondi-Ahman" title="Adam-ondi-Ahman">Adam-ondi-Ahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Jail" title="Liberty Jail">Liberty Jail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Lot" title="Temple Lot">Independence (Zion) Temple Lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LDS_Visitors_Center,_Independence,_Missouri" title="LDS Visitors Center, Independence, Missouri">Independence Visitors' Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawn%27s_Mill_massacre" title="Hawn's Mill massacre">Hawn's Mill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Winter_Quarters_(North_Omaha,_Nebraska)" title="Winter Quarters (North Omaha, Nebraska)">Winter Quarters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_Trail_Center_at_Winter_Quarters" title="Mormon Trail Center at Winter Quarters">Mormon Trail Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_Pioneer_Cemetery" title="Mormon Pioneer Cemetery">Mormon Pioneer Cemetery</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutler%27s_Park" title="Cutler's Park">Cutler's Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carthage_Jail" title="Carthage Jail">Carthage Jail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanesville_Tabernacle" title="Kanesville Tabernacle">Kanesville Tabernacle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Square" title="Temple Square">Temple Square</a> (<a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Temple" title="Salt Lake Temple">Salt Lake Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Tabernacle" title="Salt Lake Tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Tabernacle_organ" title="Salt Lake Tabernacle organ">Tabernacle Organ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Assembly_Hall" title="Salt Lake Assembly Hall">Assembly Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_at_Temple_Square" title="Gardens at Temple Square">Gardens</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LDS_Conference_Center" title="LDS Conference Center">Conference Center</a> (<a href="/wiki/Schoenstein_Organ_at_the_Conference_Center" title="Schoenstein Organ at the Conference Center">Organ</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Office_Building" title="Church Office Building">Church Office Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Memorial_Building" title="Joseph Smith Memorial Building">Joseph Smith Memorial Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Administration_Building" title="Church Administration Building">Church Administration Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_Society_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Relief Society Building">Relief Society Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Complex" title="Brigham Young Complex">Brigham Young Complex</a> (<a href="/wiki/Beehive_House" title="Beehive House">Beehive House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_House_(Salt_Lake_City)" title="Lion House (Salt Lake City)">Lion House</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_History_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Family History Library">Family History Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_History_Museum" title="Church History Museum">Church History Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_History_Library" title="Church History Library">Church History Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granite_Mountain_(Utah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Granite Mountain (Utah)">Granite Mountain Records Vault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_Pioneer_Memorial_Monument" title="Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument">Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/This_is_the_Place_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="This is the Place Monument">This is the Place Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Monument" title="Brigham Young Monument">Brigham Young Monument</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cove_Fort" title="Cove Fort">Cove Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmington_Rock_Chapel" title="Farmington Rock Chapel">Farmington Rock Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laie_Hawaii_Temple" title="Laie Hawaii Temple">Laie Hawaii Temple Visitors' Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin%27s_Cove" title="Martin's Cove">Martin's Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_Battalion_Historic_Site" title="Mormon Battalion Historic Site">Mormon Battalion Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon Corridor">Mormon Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipe_Spring_National_Monument" title="Pipe Spring National Monument">Pipe Spring National Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Cultural_Center" title="Polynesian Cultural Center">Polynesian Cultural Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George_Utah_Temple" title="St. George Utah Temple">St. George Temple Visitors' Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-U.S.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gadfield_Elm_Chapel" title="Gadfield Elm Chapel">Gadfield Elm Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYU_Jerusalem_Center" title="BYU Jerusalem Center">Jerusalem Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_City_Mexico_Temple" title="Mexico City Mexico Temple">Mexico City Temple Visitors' Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_New_Zealand_Temple" title="Hamilton New Zealand Temple">New Zealand Temple Visitors' Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USVA_headstone_emb-11.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/USVA_headstone_emb-11.svg/25px-USVA_headstone_emb-11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/USVA_headstone_emb-11.svg/38px-USVA_headstone_emb-11.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/USVA_headstone_emb-11.svg/50px-USVA_headstone_emb-11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="518" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Portal:Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement Portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Community_of_Christ" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Community_of_Christ" title="Template:Community of Christ"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Community_of_Christ" title="Template talk:Community of Christ"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Community_of_Christ" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Community of Christ"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Community_of_Christ" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ" title="Community of Christ">Community of Christ</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Smith" title="Emma Smith">Emma Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Whitmer" title="David Whitmer">David Whitmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_Cutler" title="Alpheus Cutler">Alpheus Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="William Smith (Latter Day Saints)">William Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Wight" title="Lyman Wight">Lyman Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_III" title="Joseph Smith III">Joseph Smith III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_M._Smith" title="Frederick M. Smith">Frederick M. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_A._Smith" title="Israel A. Smith">Israel A. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_D._Neff" title="Charles D. Neff">Charles D. Neff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Wallace_Smith" title="W. Wallace Smith">W. Wallace Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_B._Smith" title="Wallace B. Smith">Wallace B. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Grant_McMurray" title="W. Grant McMurray">W. Grant McMurray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_M._Veazey" title="Stephen M. Veazey">Stephen M. Veazey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Rigdon" title="Sidney Rigdon">Sidney Rigdon</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USVA_headstone_emb-20.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/USVA_headstone_emb-20.svg/100px-USVA_headstone_emb-20.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/USVA_headstone_emb-20.svg/150px-USVA_headstone_emb-20.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/USVA_headstone_emb-20.svg/200px-USVA_headstone_emb-20.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="229" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Community_of_Christ" title="History of the Community of Christ">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Vision" title="First Vision">First Vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amboy_Conference" title="Amboy Conference">Amboy Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lineal_succession" title="Lineal succession">Lineal succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_directional_control" title="Supreme directional control">Supreme Directional Control</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Major_beliefs" title="Community of Christ">Major beliefs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#All_are_called" title="Community of Christ">All are Called</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Concept_of_Zion" title="Community of Christ">Concept of Zion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#God.2C_Jesus_Christ_and_the_Holy_Spirit" title="Community of Christ">God, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Peace" title="Community of Christ">Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_(Community_of_Christ)" title="Priesthood (Community of Christ)">Priesthood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Revelation_and_prophetic_leadership" title="Community of Christ">Prophetic leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Salvation" title="Community of Christ">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Worth_of_all_persons" title="Community of Christ">Worth of all persons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Scripture" title="Community of Christ">Sacred texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version">King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Translation_of_the_Bible" title="Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible">Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Mormon" title="Book of Mormon">Book of Mormon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctrine_and_Covenants#Community_of_Christ_editions" title="Doctrine and Covenants">Doctrine and covenants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auditorium_(Community_of_Christ)" title="Auditorium (Community of Christ)">Auditorium</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ_Sings" class="mw-redirect" title="Community of Christ Sings">Community of Christ Sings</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Prayer_for_Peace" title="Daily Prayer for Peace">Daily Prayer for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament_(Community_of_Christ)" title="Sacrament (Community of Christ)">Sacraments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_(Latter_Day_Saints)#Community_of_Christ" title="Temple (Latter Day Saints)">Temples</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independence_Temple" title="Independence Temple">Independence</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kirtland</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Peace_Pavilion" class="mw-redirect" title="Children's Peace Pavilion">Children's Peace Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ_Seminary" title="Community of Christ Seminary">Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Conference_(Community_of_Christ)" title="World Conference (Community of Christ)">World Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ_membership_and_field_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Community of Christ membership and field organization">Field organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ#Organization_and_structure" title="Community of Christ">Leadership</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Church#Prophet-Presidents_of_the_Community_of_Christ" title="President of the Church">Prophet-President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prophet-Presidents_of_the_Community_of_Christ" title="List of Prophet-Presidents of the Community of Christ">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Presidency_(Community_of_Christ)" title="First Presidency (Community of Christ)">First Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Twelve_Apostles_(Community_of_Christ)" title="Council of Twelve Apostles (Community of Christ)">Council of Twelve Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presiding_Bishop#Community_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Presiding Bishop">Presiding Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Church_Leadership_Council" title="World Church Leadership Council">World Church Leadership Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_High_Council" title="Standing High Council">Standing High Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presiding_Patriarch#The_Community_of_Christ" title="Presiding Patriarch">Presiding Evangelist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Community_of_Christ" title="Category:Community of Christ">Other</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_the_Community_of_Christ_and_the_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="Comparison of the Community of Christ and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">Comparison with Latter-day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graceland_University" title="Graceland University">Graceland University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmony_(organization)" title="Harmony (organization)">Harmony (organization)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herald_(Community_of_Christ)" title="Herald (Community of Christ)">Herald</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herald_House" title="Herald House">Herald House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvest_Hills_Cooperative_Community" title="Harvest Hills Cooperative Community">Harvest Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ_International_Peace_Award" title="Community of Christ International Peace Award">International Peace Award</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Mansion_House" title="Joseph Smith Mansion House">Joseph Smith Mansion House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Hall_(Lamoni,_Iowa)" title="Liberty Hall (Lamoni, Iowa)">Liberty Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauvoo_House" title="Nauvoo House">Nauvoo House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano_Stone_Church" title="Plano Stone Church">Plano Stone Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Brick_Store" title="Red Brick Store">Red Brick Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Church_(Independence,_Missouri)" title="Stone Church (Independence, Missouri)">Stone Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg/21px-Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg/32px-Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg/42px-Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Portal:Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement</a></li></ul></div> <div 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