CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="sv" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Satellitnavigation – Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )svwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","januari","februari","mars","april","maj","juni","juli","augusti","september","oktober","november","december"],"wgRequestId":"70ceb1ef-d532-4bd5-8631-60e1644794ba","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Satellitnavigation","wgTitle":"Satellitnavigation","wgCurRevisionId":54614943,"wgRevisionId":54614943,"wgArticleId":301406,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Artiklar med när-mallar 2024-04","Samtliga artiklar med när-mallar","Satellitnavigering","Flyginstrument"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"sv","wgPageContentLanguage":"sv","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Satellitnavigation","wgRelevantArticleId":301406,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"sv","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"sv"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q179435","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.babel":"ready","ext.gadget.geo":"ready", "ext.gadget.warnings":"ready","ext.gadget.tags":"ready","ext.gadget.error":"ready","ext.gadget.referenser":"ready","ext.gadget.printonly":"ready","ext.gadget.tables":"ready","ext.gadget.toccolours":"ready","ext.gadget.smallTagFontSize":"ready","ext.gadget.videoPlayButton":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp", "ext.gadget.editsection0","ext.gadget.ProtectionIndicators","ext.gadget.GeoboxLocatorMulti","ext.gadget.InterwikiBadges","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.NewSection","ext.gadget.ExkluderaRobotskapadeSidor","ext.gadget.Nearby","ext.gadget.InterProjectLinks","ext.gadget.cgiircbox","ext.gadget.withJS","ext.gadget.CommonsFileLinks","ext.gadget.tableSorterCollation","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=ext.gadget.babel%2Cerror%2Cgeo%2Cprintonly%2Creferenser%2CsmallTagFontSize%2Ctables%2Ctags%2Ctoccolours%2CvideoPlayButton%2Cwarnings&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sv&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/GPS-24_satellite.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1206"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/GPS-24_satellite.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="804"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="643"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Satellitnavigation – Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//sv.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitnavigation"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Redigera" href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (sv)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//sv.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitnavigation"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-flöde" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Satellitnavigation rootpage-Satellitnavigation skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Hoppa till innehållet</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Huvudmeny" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Huvudmeny</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Huvudmeny</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bybrunnen"><span>Bybrunnen</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar" title="Lista över de senaste ändringarna på wikin [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Senaste ändringarna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Slumpsida" title="Gå till en slumpmässigt vald sida [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Slumpartikel</span></a></li><li id="n-filuppladdning" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Ladda upp filer till Wikimedia Commons"><span>Ladda upp filer</span></a></li><li id="n-Kontakta-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakta Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hj%C3%A4lp" title="Platsen där du hittar hjälp"><span>Hjälp</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sv.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:S%C3%B6k" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Sök i svenskspråkiga Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Sök</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Sök på Wikipedia" aria-label="Sök på Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Sök i svenskspråkiga Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Sök"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Sök</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personliga verktyg"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Ändra utseendet på sidans teckenstorlek, bredd och färg" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utseende</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Satellitnavigation" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Satellitnavigation" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Satellitnavigation" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Satellitnavigation" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Teknik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Teknik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Teknik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Teknik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Teknik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Översikt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Översikt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Översikt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Översikt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hjälpsystem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hjälpsystem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Hjälpsystem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hjälpsystem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Begrepp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Begrepp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Begrepp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Begrepp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Användning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Användning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Användning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Användning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Globala_navigationssystem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Globala_navigationssystem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Globala navigationssystem</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Globala_navigationssystem-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Globala navigationssystem</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Globala_navigationssystem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jämförelse_mellan_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jämförelse_mellan_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Jämförelse mellan system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jämförelse_mellan_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Historik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Satellitnavigation</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 56 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الملاحة عبر الأقمار الاصطناعية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الملاحة عبر الأقمار الاصطناعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_global_de_navegaci%C3%B3n_per_sat%C3%A9lite" title="Sistema global de navegación per satélite – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sistema global de navegación per satélite" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="কৃত্রিম উপগ্রহভিত্তিক দিকনির্ণয় – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কৃত্রিম উপগ্রহভিত্তিক দিকনির্ণয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Спадарожнікавая сістэма навігацыі – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Спадарожнікавая сістэма навігацыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Спътникова навигация – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Спътникова навигация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_Geolec%27hiadur_Hollek_dre_Satellit" title="Sistem Geolec'hiadur Hollek dre Satellit – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sistem Geolec'hiadur Hollek dre Satellit" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_navegaci%C3%B3_per_sat%C3%A8l%C2%B7lit" title="Sistema de navegació per satèl·lit – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sistema de navegació per satèl·lit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%C4%95_%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%C4%83%D0%BC%C4%95" title="Навигацин çулташсемлĕ тытăмĕ – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Навигацин çулташсемлĕ тытăмĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelitn%C3%AD_navigace" title="Satelitní navigace – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Satelitní navigace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Navigation_Satellite_System" title="Global Navigation Satellite System – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Global Navigation Satellite System" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globales_Navigationssatellitensystem" title="Globales Navigationssatellitensystem – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Globales Navigationssatellitensystem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Clemaailmne_satelliitnavigatsioonis%C3%BCsteem" title="Ülemaailmne satelliitnavigatsioonisüsteem – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ülemaailmne satelliitnavigatsioonisüsteem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_navigation" title="Satellite navigation – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Satellite navigation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_global_de_navegaci%C3%B3n_por_sat%C3%A9lite" title="Sistema global de navegación por satélite – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sistema global de navegación por satélite" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tergloba_navigada_satelita_sistemo" title="Tergloba navigada satelita sistemo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tergloba navigada satelita sistemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_guia" title="Sistema de guia – extremaduriska" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sistema de guia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremaduriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelite_bidezko_nabigazio_sistema" title="Satelite bidezko nabigazio sistema – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Satelite bidezko nabigazio sistema" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="ناوبری ماهواره‌ای – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ناوبری ماهواره‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_de_positionnement_par_satellites" title="Système de positionnement par satellites – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Système de positionnement par satellites" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satail%C3%ADt_loingseoireachta" title="Satailít loingseoireachta – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Satailít loingseoireachta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%94%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC_%EC%9C%84%EC%84%B1_%ED%95%AD%EB%B2%95_%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9C" title="범지구 위성 항법 시스템 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="범지구 위성 항법 시스템" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="उपग्रह नौवहन प्रणाली – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उपग्रह नौवहन प्रणाली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalni_navigacijski_satelitski_sustavi" title="Globalni navigacijski satelitski sustavi – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Globalni navigacijski satelitski sustavi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_navigasi_satelit" title="Sistem navigasi satelit – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sistem navigasi satelit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_satellitare_globale_di_navigazione" title="Sistema satellitare globale di navigazione – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sistema satellitare globale di navigazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%98_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מערכת ניווט לוויינית – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מערכת ניווט לוויינית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96" title="Спутниктік навигация жүйесі – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Спутниктік навигация жүйесі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mfumo_wa_uongozaji_kwa_satelaiti" title="Mfumo wa uongozaji kwa satelaiti – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mfumo wa uongozaji kwa satelaiti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Глобалдык орун аныктоо системи – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Глобалдык орун аныктоо системи" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavado%C5%86navig%C4%81cija" title="Pavadoņnavigācija – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pavadoņnavigācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C9%9B%CC%81m%C9%9B_ya_boyebi_bis%C3%ADk%C3%A1" title="Sistɛ́mɛ ya boyebi bisíká – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sistɛ́mɛ ya boyebi bisíká" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC" title="സാറ്റലൈറ്റ് നാവിഗേറ്റർ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാറ്റലൈറ്റ് നാവിഗേറ്റർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86" title="Хиймэл дагуулын навигац – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хиймэл дагуулын навигац" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellietnavigatie" title="Satellietnavigatie – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Satellietnavigatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F%E6%B8%AC%E4%BD%8D%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%A0" title="衛星測位システム – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="衛星測位システム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigasjonssatellitt" title="Navigasjonssatellitt – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Navigasjonssatellitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigasjonssatellitt" title="Navigasjonssatellitt – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Navigasjonssatellitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8ma_de_posicionament_per_satellits" title="Sistèma de posicionament per satellits – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sistèma de posicionament per satellits" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%CA%BCiy_yo%CA%BBldoshli_global_navigatsion_tizim" title="Sunʼiy yoʻldoshli global navigatsion tizim – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sunʼiy yoʻldoshli global navigatsion tizim" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawigacja_satelitarna" title="Nawigacja satelitarna – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nawigacja satelitarna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_navega%C3%A7%C3%A3o_por_sat%C3%A9lite" title="Sistema de navegação por satélite – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema de navegação por satélite" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_de_naviga%C8%9Bie_prin_satelit" title="Sistem de navigație prin satelit – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sistem de navigație prin satelit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Спутниковая система навигации – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Спутниковая система навигации" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_navigation" title="Satellite navigation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Satellite navigation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dru%C5%BEicov%C3%BD_naviga%C4%8Dn%C3%BD_pr%C3%ADstroj" title="Družicový navigačný prístroj – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Družicový navigačný prístroj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%95%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%8C%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سیستمی مانگی دەستکردی گەشتیاریی جیھانی – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیستمی مانگی دەستکردی گەشتیاریی جیھانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalni_navigacioni_satelitski_sistemi" title="Globalni navigacioni satelitski sistemi – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Globalni navigacioni satelitski sistemi" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satelliittipaikannus" title="Satelliittipaikannus – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Satelliittipaikannus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabigasyong_satelayt" title="Nabigasyong satelayt – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Nabigasyong satelayt" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="செய்மதி இடஞ்சுட்டல் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செய்மதி இடஞ்சுட்டல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCresel_uydu_seyr%C3%BCsefer_sistemi" title="Küresel uydu seyrüsefer sistemi – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Küresel uydu seyrüsefer sistemi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Супутникова навігація – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Супутникова навігація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عالمی جہازرانی سیارچی نظام – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عالمی جہازرانی سیارچی نظام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%87_th%E1%BB%91ng_v%E1%BB%87_tinh_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_v%E1%BB%8B_to%C3%A0n_c%E1%BA%A7u" title="Hệ thống vệ tinh định vị toàn cầu – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hệ thống vệ tinh định vị toàn cầu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%9E%E6%98%9F%E5%B0%8E%E8%88%AA%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="衞星導航系統 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="衞星導航系統" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="卫星导航系统 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卫星导航系统" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q179435#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Satellitnavigation" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Satellitnavigation" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Satellitnavigation"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Satellitnavigation"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Satellitnavigation" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Satellitnavigation" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&oldid=54614943" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Satellitnavigation&id=54614943&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSatellitnavigation"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSatellitnavigation"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Satellitnavigation"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Satellitnavigation&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Satellite_navigation_systems" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q179435" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:GPS-24_satellite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/GPS-24_satellite.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="201" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="201" /></a><figcaption>Konfiguration av satelliter i det amerikanska GPS-systemet, det mest utnyttjade systemet för satellitnavigation.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Garmin_GPS_receiver_close-up.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Garmin_GPS_receiver_close-up.jpg/250px-Garmin_GPS_receiver_close-up.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Garmin_GPS_receiver_close-up.jpg/375px-Garmin_GPS_receiver_close-up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Garmin_GPS_receiver_close-up.jpg/500px-Garmin_GPS_receiver_close-up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Exempel på en GNSS-mottagare. Mottagaren anger vilka satelliter den är i kontakt med, och sin position.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Satellitnavigation</b><sup id="cite_ref-NE_term_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE_term-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (även <i>satellitnavigering</i>, förkortat <b>GNSS</b>, av <b>Global Navigation Satellite System</b><sup id="cite_ref-IFATCA_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IFATCA-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) är ett samlingsbegrepp för en grupp världstäckande <a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">navigationssystem</a> som utnyttjar signaler från en <a href="/wiki/Satellitkonstellation" title="Satellitkonstellation">konstellation av satelliter</a> och <a href="/wiki/Pseudosatellit" title="Pseudosatellit">pseudosatelliter</a> för att möjliggöra positionsinmätning för en mottagare. Det amerikanska <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a> är det mest kända av dessa system, men därutöver finns det ryska <a href="/wiki/GLONASS" title="GLONASS">GLONASS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-NE_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> det kinesiska <a href="/wiki/Beidou" title="Beidou">Beidou</a><sup id="cite_ref-NE2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE2-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och det nyutvecklade europeiska <a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellitnavigationssystem)" title="Galileo (satellitnavigationssystem)">Galileo</a>, som ska vara fullt utbyggt 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-NE_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Via tjänster såsom <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a> kan satellitnavigering användas för att ta fram den <a href="/wiki/Dirigering_(n%C3%A4tverk)" title="Dirigering (nätverk)">kortaste eller snabbaste rutten</a> från en punkt till en annan. I bakgrunden används bland annat <a href="/wiki/Dijkstras_algoritm" title="Dijkstras algoritm">Dijkstras algoritm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-YT_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YT-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teknik">Teknik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Teknik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Teknik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="font-style:italic; ;"> <dl><dd>Se även: <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">Global Positioning System</a> och <a href="/wiki/GPS-signaler" title="GPS-signaler">GPS-signaler</a></dd></dl></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Översikt"><span id=".C3.96versikt"></span>Översikt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Översikt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Översikt"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tekniken som utnyttjas av satellitnavigationssystem bygger på att mottagaren tar emot kodade radiosignaler från flera satelliter samtidigt. Satelliterna befinner sig i så kallad MEO-bana, <i><a href="/wiki/Medelh%C3%B6g_omloppsbana" title="Medelhög omloppsbana">Medium Earth Orbit</a></i>, på cirka <span style="white-space:nowrap">20 000 km</span> höjd. Signalerna används för att bestämma mottagarens avstånd från de olika satelliterna, samtidigt som mottagaren tar emot information om satelliternas position. Normalt krävs att signaler från minst fyra satelliter i samma system når mottagaren samtidigt, för att det ska bli möjligt att lösa en <a href="/wiki/Ekvation" title="Ekvation">ekvation</a> med fyra <a href="/wiki/Variabel" title="Variabel">variabler</a>: <a href="/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud">latitud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Longitud" title="Longitud">longitud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Altitud" title="Altitud">altitud</a> och <a href="/wiki/Tid" title="Tid">tid</a>. I normalfallet når signaler från sex till tolv satelliter (i samma system) mottagaren samtidigt, vilket innebär att <a href="/wiki/Redundans" title="Redundans">redundansen</a> med avseende på tillgänglighet är hög. På grund av naturliga begränsningar i styrkan på mottagna signaler från satelliternas sändare fungerar dessa system bara under förhållanden där mottagaren har fri <a href="/wiki/Radiosikt" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiosikt">radiosikt</a> till satelliterna, det vill säga huvudsakligen utomhus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hjälpsystem"><span id="Hj.C3.A4lpsystem"></span>Hjälpsystem</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Hjälpsystem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Hjälpsystem"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Based_Augmentation_System" title="Satellite Based Augmentation System">Satellite Based Augmentation Systems</a> är regionala hjälpsystem som mäter små avvikelser i synkroniseringen och tillför korrektionsdata för en noggrannare positionering. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Begrepp">Begrepp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Begrepp" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Begrepp"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Enkeldifferens</b> – differensen mellan samtidiga fasmätningar mot en satellit från två olika stationer. Med detta kan satellitens klockfel elimineras och banfelens och atmosfärens inverkan reduceras.</li> <li><b>Dubbeldifferens</b> – differensen mellan två enkeldifferenser relaterade till två olika satelliter vid samma <a href="/wiki/Epok_(astronomi)" title="Epok (astronomi)">epok</a>. Med detta kan både mottagarens och satellitens klockfel elimineras, och banfelens och atmosfärens inverkan reduceras.</li> <li><b>Trippeldifferens</b> – differensen mellan dubbeldifferenser vid två <a href="/wiki/Epok_(astronomi)" title="Epok (astronomi)">epoker</a>. Med detta elimineras det obekanta antalet våglängder och kan därför användas till exempel för sökning av periodbortfall.</li> <li><b>Klockfel</b> eller <b>klockavvikelse</b> – hos <a href="/wiki/Satellit" title="Satellit">satelliter</a> skillnad mellan <a href="/wiki/Tid" title="Tid">tidsangivelse</a> hos satellitens <a href="/wiki/Ur" title="Ur">klocka</a> och tidsangivelse hos en <a href="/wiki/Referens" title="Referens">referens</a>. <i>Relativistiskt klockfel</i> är inom satellitnavigation ett klockfel som beror på <a href="/wiki/Relativitetsteori" title="Relativitetsteori">relativistiska effekter</a>, det vill säga orsakas av skillnad i gravitationspotential och hastighet mellan satellit och mottagare.</li> <li><b>Integrerad dopplerräkning</b> – skillnaden mellan antalet mottagna perioder och antalet perioder som genererats från en konstant frekvens under ett tidsintervall. Integrerad dopplerräkning använd(e)s speciellt i <a href="/wiki/Transit_(navigation)" title="Transit (navigation)">Transit-systemet</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Användning"><span id="Anv.C3.A4ndning"></span>Användning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Användning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Användning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Systemen för satellitnavigation togs ursprungligen fram för militära tillämpningar, så att fartyg, flygplan och <a href="/wiki/Kryssningsrobot" title="Kryssningsrobot">kryssningsrobotar</a> kunde bestämma sin position oavsett var på jorden de befann sig. Därefter följde civila tillämpningar inom navigation för sjöfart och flygtrafik. </p><p>Senare<sup style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tidl%C3%B6shet" title="Wikipedia:Tidlöshet">när?</a></i>]</sup> har olika tillämpningar på land tillkommit, för fordon, inom byggnation och för enskilda personer, vilket har lett till en kraftig ökning av antalet användare av GNSS-system.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Med <i>geopositionerad digital skyltning</i> menas <a href="/wiki/Reklam" title="Reklam">reklam</a> via elektroniska skärmar på rörliga objekt som taxibilar, bussar eller andra fordon, och är en form av <a href="/wiki/Digital_skyltning" title="Digital skyltning">digital skyltning</a> där reklamen varierar med geografisk position. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Globala_navigationssystem">Globala navigationssystem</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Globala navigationssystem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Globala navigationssystem"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jämförelse_mellan_system"><span id="J.C3.A4mf.C3.B6relse_mellan_system"></span>Jämförelse mellan system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Jämförelse mellan system" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Jämförelse mellan system"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>System </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/GLONASS" title="GLONASS">GLONASS</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellitnavigationssystem)" title="Galileo (satellitnavigationssystem)">Galileo</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beidou_Navigation_Satellite_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beidou Navigation Satellite System [inte skriven än]">BeiDou</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Regional_Navigation_Satellite_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System [inte skriven än]">IRNSS</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Ägare </th> <td><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA"><img alt="USA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ryssland" title="Ryssland"><img alt="Ryssland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ryssland" title="Ryssland">Ryssland</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europeiska_unionen" title="Europeiska unionen"><img alt="Europeiska unionen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Europeiska_unionen" title="Europeiska unionen">Europeiska unionen</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina"><img alt="Kina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien"><img alt="Indien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien">Indien</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanal%C3%A5tkomstmetod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanalåtkomstmetod [inte skriven än]">Kanalåtkomstmetod</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Code_Division_Multiple_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Code Division Multiple Access">CDMA</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frekvensdivisionsmultiplex%C3%A5tkomst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frekvensdivisionsmultiplexåtkomst [inte skriven än]">FDMA</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Code_Division_Multiple_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Code Division Multiple Access">CDMA</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Code_Division_Multiple_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Code Division Multiple Access">CDMA</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Code_Division_Multiple_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Code Division Multiple Access">CDMA</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Banhöjd </th> <td>20 180 <a href="/wiki/Kilometer" title="Kilometer">km</a> </td> <td>19 130 km </td> <td>23 222 km </td> <td>21 150 km </td> <td>36 000 km </td></tr> <tr> <th>Period </th> <td>11,97 <a href="/wiki/Timme" title="Timme">h</a> (11 h och 58 <a href="/wiki/Minut" title="Minut">min</a>) </td> <td>11,26 h (11 h och 16 min) </td> <td>14,08 h (14 h och 5 min) </td> <td>12,63 h (12 h och 38 min) </td> <td>23,93 h (23 h och 56 min) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Varv per <a href="/wiki/Stj%C3%A4rntid" title="Stjärntid">siderisk dag</a> </th> <td>2 </td> <td>17/8 </td> <td>17/10 </td> <td>17/9 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Antal satelliter </th> <td><b>31</b> (minst 24 enligt plan)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>28</b> (minst 24 enligt plan) varav:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />24 operativa<br />2 under kontroll av huvudentreprenör<br />2 i flygtestsfas </td> <td>26 i bana varav 24 aktiva <p>6 återstår att skjutas upp </p> </td> <td>5 geostationära<br />30 i mediumbana </td> <td>3 geostationära<br />4 geosynkrona </td></tr> <tr> <th>Frekvens </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,57542 <a href="/wiki/Gigahertz" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigahertz">GHz</a> (L1-signal)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,2276 GHz (L2-signal)</span> </td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">≈ 1,602 GHz (SP)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">≈ 1,246 GHz (SP)</span> </td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,164–1,215 GHz (E5a och E5b)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,260–1,300 GHz (E6)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,559–1,592 GHz (E2-L1-E11)</span> </td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,561098 GHz (B1)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,589742 GHz (B1-2)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,20714 GHz (B2)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,26852 GHz (B3)</span> </td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">1,17645 GHz (L5)</span><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap">2,492028 GHz (S1)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Status </th> <td>I drift </td> <td>I drift </td> <td>I drift </td> <td>15 i drift<br />20 extra satelliter planerade </td> <td>6 satelliter i drift<br />1 delvis i drift </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historik">Historik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Transit-1A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Transit-1A.jpg/250px-Transit-1A.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Transit-1A.jpg/375px-Transit-1A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Transit-1A.jpg/500px-Transit-1A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="543" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption>Prototyp till Transit-1-satelliten.</figcaption></figure> <p>Uppskjutningen av den sovjetiska satelliten <a href="/wiki/Sputnik" title="Sputnik">Sputnik</a> 1957 ledde snabbt till idén att utnyttja satelliter för positionsbestämning. Det amerikanska <a href="/wiki/Transit_(navigation)" title="Transit (navigation)">Transit</a> var det första systemet för satellitnavigation som togs i drift. De första försöken genomfördes 1960, och det togs i bruk inom <a href="/wiki/Amerikanska_flottan" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerikanska flottan">amerikanska flottan</a> 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-Legacy_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legacy-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Det första moderna satellitnavigationssystemet som gjorde noggrannare positionsmätning möjlig var det amerikanska <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a>. Arbetet påbörjades av det amerikanska försvaret 1973, inledningsvis under beteckningen Navstar. Den första experimentella satelliten sköts upp 1978, och den första moderna Block II-satelliten sköts upp 1989, och 1993 nådde GPS inledande operativ status. </p><p>Ryska <a href="/wiki/GLONASS" title="GLONASS">GLONASS</a> förklarades operativt 1996, men har inte kontinuerligt haft en fullständig konstellation av satelliter.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Satellitnavigeringssystem, framför allt GPS, har från 1990-talet tagit över den roll som de tidigare systemen för <a href="/wiki/Radionavigation" title="Radionavigation">radionavigation</a> fyllde från 1940-talet, system som <a href="/wiki/LORAN" title="LORAN">LORAN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radionavigation" title="Radionavigation">Decca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instrumentlandningssystem" title="Instrumentlandningssystem">instrumentlandningssystemet</a> ILS och mikrovågslandningssystem (MLS).<sup id="cite_ref-NE_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalmanfilter" title="Kalmanfilter">Kalmanfilter</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NE_term-1"><a href="#cite_ref-NE_term_1-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/satellitnavigation">”satellitnavigation”</a>. <i><span>Nationalencyklopedin</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/satellitnavigation">http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/satellitnavigation</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 1 oktober 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=satellitnavigation&rft.atitle=Nationalencyklopedin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%C3%A5ng%2Fsatellitnavigation&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IFATCA-2"><a href="#cite_ref-IFATCA_2-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifatca.org/system/files/public_docs/gnss.pdf">”A Beginner’s Guide to GNSS in Europe”</a> (på engelska) (PDF). IFATCA. 1999<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ifatca.org/system/files/public_docs/gnss.pdf">http://www.ifatca.org/system/files/public_docs/gnss.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 20 maj 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=A+Beginner%E2%80%99s+Guide+to+GNSS+in+Europe&rft.atitle=&rft.date=1999&rft.pub=IFATCA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifatca.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fpublic_docs%2Fgnss.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NE-3">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-NE_3-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NE_3-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NE_3-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFPer_Nobinder">Per Nobinder. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/satellitnavigation">”Satellitnavigation”</a>. <i><span>Nationalencyklopedin</span></i>. Bokförlaget Bra böcker AB, Höganäs<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/satellitnavigation">http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/satellitnavigation</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 20 maj 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Satellitnavigation&rft.atitle=Nationalencyklopedin&rft.aulast=Per+Nobinder&rft.au=Per+Nobinder&rft.pub=Bokf%C3%B6rlaget+Bra+b%C3%B6cker+AB%2C+H%C3%B6gan%C3%A4s&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%C3%A5ng%2Fsatellitnavigation&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NE2-4"><a href="#cite_ref-NE2_4-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFAnnbritt_Carlsson">Annbritt Carlsson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/beidou">”Beidou”</a>. <i><span>Nationalencyklopedin</span></i>. Bokförlaget Bra böcker AB, Höganäs<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/beidou">http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/beidou</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 20 maj 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Beidou&rft.atitle=Nationalencyklopedin&rft.aulast=Annbritt+Carlsson&rft.au=Annbritt+Carlsson&rft.pub=Bokf%C3%B6rlaget+Bra+b%C3%B6cker+AB%2C+H%C3%B6gan%C3%A4s&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%C3%A5ng%2Fbeidou&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YT-5"><a href="#cite_ref-YT_5-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GazC3A4OQTE">”Dijkstra's Algorithm”</a>. <i><span>Computerphile</span></i>. 4 januari 2017<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GazC3A4OQTE">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GazC3A4OQTE</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 18 januari 2017</span> (via YouTube).</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Dijkstra%27s+Algorithm&rft.atitle=Computerphile&rft.date=4+januari+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DGazC3A4OQTE&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <span class="reference-text">LMV-rapport 2007:11 – Introduktion till GNSS, s. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.gov/systems/gps/space/#generations">”GPS.gov: Space Segment”</a> (på engelska)<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.gps.gov/systems/gps/space/#generations">http://www.gps.gov/systems/gps/space/#generations</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 24 juli 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=GPS.gov%3A+Space+Segment&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.gov%2Fsystems%2Fgps%2Fspace%2F%23generations&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.glonass-iac.ru/en/GLONASS/">”GLONASS constellation status”</a> (på engelska)<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.glonass-iac.ru/en/GLONASS/">https://www.glonass-iac.ru/en/GLONASS/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 24 juli 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=GLONASS+constellation+status&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.glonass-iac.ru%2Fen%2FGLONASS%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Legacy-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Legacy_9-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150429033013/http://techdigest.jhuapl.edu/td/td1901/index.htm">”The Legacy of Transit”</a> (på engelska). <i>Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest</i> (The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory) 19 (1). 1998. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://techdigest.jhuapl.edu/td/td1901/index.htm">originalet</a> den 29 april 2015<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150429033013/http://techdigest.jhuapl.edu/td/td1901/index.htm">https://web.archive.org/web/20150429033013/http://techdigest.jhuapl.edu/td/td1901/index.htm</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 20 maj 2015</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Legacy+of+Transit&rft.jtitle=Johns+Hopkins+APL+Technical+Digest&rft.date=1998&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.pub=The+Johns+Hopkins+University+Applied+Physics+Laboratory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20150429033013%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Ftechdigest.jhuapl.edu%2Ftd%2Ftd1901%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <span class="reference-text">LMV-rapport 2007:11 – Introduktion till GNSS, s. 10</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&action=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFEngfeldtJivall,_Lotti_och_Lilje_Christina2007">Engfeldt, Andreas; Jivall, Lotti och Lilje Christina (25 sep 2007) (PDF). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lantmateriet.se/globalassets/kartor-och-geografisk-information/gps-och-matning/geodesi/rapporter_publikationer/rapporter/lmv-rapport_2007_11.pdf">LMV-rapport 2007:11 – Introduktion till GNSS</a></i>. Lantmäteriets rapportserie om geodesi och geografiska informationssystem. Gävle: <a href="/wiki/Lantm%C3%A4teriet" title="Lantmäteriet">Lantmäteriet</a>. ISSN 0280-5731 <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/10619620">10619620</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.lantmateriet.se/globalassets/kartor-och-geografisk-information/gps-och-matning/geodesi/rapporter_publikationer/rapporter/lmv-rapport_2007_11.pdf">https://www.lantmateriet.se/globalassets/kartor-och-geografisk-information/gps-och-matning/geodesi/rapporter_publikationer/rapporter/lmv-rapport_2007_11.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 10 februari 2010</span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=LMV-rapport+2007%3A11+%E2%80%93+Introduktion+till+GNSS&rft.aulast=Engfeldt&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft.au=Engfeldt%2C+Andreas&rft.au=Jivall%2C+Lotti+och+Lilje+Christina&rft.date=25+sep+2007&rft.series=Lantm%C3%A4teriets+rapportserie+om+geodesi+och+geografiska+informationssystem&rft.place=G%C3%A4vle&rft.pub=%5B%5BLantm%C3%A4teriet%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lantmateriet.se%2Fglobalassets%2Fkartor-och-geografisk-information%2Fgps-och-matning%2Fgeodesi%2Frapporter_publikationer%2Frapporter%2Flmv-rapport_2007_11.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Satellitnavigation"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Satellitnavigation" title="Mall:Satellitnavigation"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Satellitnavigation&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Satellitnavigation</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">System</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Beidou" title="Beidou">Beidou</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Compass" title="Compass">Compass</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellitnavigationssystem)" title="Galileo (satellitnavigationssystem)">Galileo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/World_Geodetic_System_1984" title="World Geodetic System 1984">WGS84</a></i>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/GLONASS" title="GLONASS">GLONASS</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/PZ-90" title="PZ-90">PZ-90</a></i>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Satellite_Based_Augmentation_System" title="Satellite Based Augmentation System">SBAS</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Transit_(navigation)" title="Transit (navigation)">Transit</a></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="7"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:GPS-24_satellite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/GPS-24_satellite.png/80px-GPS-24_satellite.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/GPS-24_satellite.png/120px-GPS-24_satellite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/GPS-24_satellite.png/160px-GPS-24_satellite.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="201" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Begrepp</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6ljesystem" title="Följesystem">Följesystem</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pseudosatellit" title="Pseudosatellit">Pseudosatellit</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Satellitprognos" title="Satellitprognos">Satellitprognos</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Företag</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Garmin" title="Garmin">Garmin</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Navigon" title="Navigon">Navigon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Garmin_eTrex_Legend" title="Garmin eTrex Legend">Garmin eTrex Legend</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Garmin_eTrex_Venture" title="Garmin eTrex Venture">Garmin eTrex Venture</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Garmin_eTrex_Vista" title="Garmin eTrex Vista">Garmin eTrex Vista</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Garmin_GPS_45" title="Garmin GPS 45">Garmin GPS 45</a></i>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tomtom" title="Tomtom">Tomtom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Trimble_Navigation_Ltd." title="Trimble Navigation Ltd.">Trimble Navigation Ltd.</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Navigation</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Point_of_interest" title="Point of interest">Point of interest</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4gpunkt" title="Vägpunkt">Vägpunkt</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="3"><b>Se även:</b> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kategori"><img alt="Kategori" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Satellitnavigering" title="Kategori:Satellitnavigering">Kategori</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mall:GPS" title="Mall:GPS">Mall:GPS</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible expanded" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align: center;;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Rymdfart" title="Mall:Rymdfart"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Rymdfart&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Rymdfart" title="Rymdfart">Rymdfart</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;">Allmänt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asiatiska_rymdkappl%C3%B6pningen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asiatiska rymdkapplöpningen [inte skriven än]">Asiatiska rymdkapplöpningen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Celest_mekanik" title="Celest mekanik">Celest mekanik</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdfartens_historia" title="Rymdfartens historia">Historia</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_%C3%B6ver_rymdfartsrekord&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista över rymdfartsrekord [inte skriven än]">Rekord</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdkappl%C3%B6pningen" title="Rymdkapplöpningen">Rymdkapplöpningen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tidslinje_f%C3%B6r_rymdutforskningen" title="Tidslinje för rymdutforskningen">Tidslinje</a></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="19"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/MAVENnMars.jpg/125px-MAVENnMars.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/MAVENnMars.jpg/188px-MAVENnMars.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/MAVENnMars.jpg/250px-MAVENnMars.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="2550" /></span></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;">Lagar och fördrag</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A5nf%C3%B6rdraget" title="Månfördraget">Månfördraget</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Privat_rymdfart" title="Privat rymdfart">Privat rymdfart</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Registreringskonvention&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Registreringskonvention [inte skriven än]">Registreringskonvention</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdlagstiftning" title="Rymdlagstiftning">Rymdlagstiftning</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdf%C3%B6rdraget" title="Rymdfördraget">Rymdfördraget</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rymdansvarskonventionen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rymdansvarskonventionen [inte skriven än]">Rymdansvarskonventionen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A4ddningsavtal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Räddningsavtal [inte skriven än]">Räddningsavtal</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rymdvetenskap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rymdvetenskap [inte skriven än]">Rymdvetenskap</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Jordresurssatellit" title="Jordresurssatellit">Jordresurssatellit</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fj%C3%A4rranalys_(arkeologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fjärranalys (arkeologi) [inte skriven än]">Fjärranalys</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Satellitbild" title="Satellitbild">Satellitbild</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Spionsatellit" title="Spionsatellit">Spionsatellit</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4dersatellit" title="Vädersatellit">Vädersatellit</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kommunikationssatellit" title="Kommunikationssatellit">Kommunikationssatellit</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellit-internetanslutning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satellit-internetanslutning [inte skriven än]">Internet</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellitradio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satellitradio [inte skriven än]">Radio</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Satellittelefon" title="Satellittelefon">Telefon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Satellit-TV" title="Satellit-TV">Television</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Militarisering_av_rymden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Militarisering av rymden [inte skriven än]">Militarisering av rymden</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rymdarkitektur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rymdarkitektur [inte skriven än]">Rymdarkitektur</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdforskning" title="Rymdforskning">Rymdforskning</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdteleskop" title="Rymdteleskop">Rymdteleskop</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdv%C3%A4der" title="Rymdväder">Rymdväder</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Satellitnavigation</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utforskning_av_rymden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utforskning av rymden [inte skriven än]">Utforskning</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A4nniskor_i_rymden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Människor i rymden [inte skriven än]">Människor i rymden</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align: center;;">Allmänt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bioastronautics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bioastronautics [inte skriven än]">Bioastronautics</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Djur_i_rymdfart" title="Djur i rymdfart">Djur i rymdfart</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Livsuppeh%C3%A5llande_system" title="Livsuppehållande system">Livsuppehållande system</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymddr%C3%A4kt" title="Rymddräkt">Rymddräkt</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdfarare" title="Rymdfarare">Rymdfarare</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdkolonisering" title="Rymdkolonisering">Rymdkolonisering</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdpromenad" title="Rymdpromenad">Rymdpromenad</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdtoalett" title="Rymdtoalett">Rymdtoalett</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdturism" title="Rymdturism">Rymdturism</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tyngdl%C3%B6shet" title="Tyngdlöshet">Tyngdlöshet</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align: center;;">Program</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Apolloprogrammet" title="Apolloprogrammet">Apollo</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Apollo-Sojuz-testprojektet" title="Apollo-Sojuz-testprojektet">Apollo–Sojuz</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Geminiprogrammet" title="Geminiprogrammet">Gemini</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Internationella_rymdstationen" title="Internationella rymdstationen">Internationella rymdstationen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mercuryprogrammet" title="Mercuryprogrammet">Mercury</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdf%C3%A4rjeprogrammet" title="Rymdfärjeprogrammet">Rymdfärjan</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdmedicin" title="Rymdmedicin">Rymdmedicin</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shenzhouprogrammet" title="Shenzhouprogrammet">Shenzhou</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shuttle%E2%80%93Mirprogrammet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shuttle–Mirprogrammet [inte skriven än]">Shuttle–Mir</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sojuzprogrammet" title="Sojuzprogrammet">Sojuz</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tiangongprogrammet" title="Tiangongprogrammet">Tiangong</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Voschodprogrammet" title="Voschodprogrammet">Voschod</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vostokprogrammet" title="Vostokprogrammet">Vostok</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;"><a href="/wiki/Rymdfarkost" title="Rymdfarkost">Rymdfarkost</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektriskt_rymdskepp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektriskt rymdskepp [inte skriven än]">Elektriskt rymdskepp</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Framdrivning_av_rymdskepp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Framdrivning av rymdskepp [inte skriven än]">Framdrivning</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gravitationsslunga" title="Gravitationsslunga">Gravitationsslunga</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Raketmotor" title="Raketmotor">Raketmotor</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Solsegel" title="Solsegel">Solsegel</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Landare_(rymdfart)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landare (rymdfart) [inte skriven än]">Landare</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Raket" title="Raket">Raket</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robotiska_rymdfarkoster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robotiska rymdfarkoster [inte skriven än]">Robotiska rymdfarkoster</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rover_(rymdfart)" title="Rover (rymdfart)">Rover</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdflygplan" title="Rymdflygplan">Rymdflygplan</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdraket" title="Rymdraket">Rymdraket</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdsond" title="Rymdsond">Rymdsond</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sj%C3%A4lvreplikerande_rymdfarkost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Självreplikerande rymdfarkost [inte skriven än]">Självreplikerande rymdfarkost</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Satellit" title="Satellit">Satellit</a> (<a href="/wiki/Satellitplattform" title="Satellitplattform">Satellitplattform</a>)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;">Destinationer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Kastbanef%C3%A4rd" title="Kastbanefärd">Kastbanefärd</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Omloppsbanef%C3%A4rd" title="Omloppsbanefärd">Omloppsbanefärd</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Geocentrisk_omloppsbana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geocentrisk omloppsbana [inte skriven än]">Geocentrisk</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Geostation%C3%A4r_omloppsbana" title="Geostationär omloppsbana">Geosynkron</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Interplanetarisk_rymdfart" title="Interplanetarisk rymdfart">Interplanetarisk</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Interstell%C3%A4r_rymdfart" title="Interstellär rymdfart">Interstellär</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Intergalaktisk_rymdfart" title="Intergalaktisk rymdfart">Intergalaktisk</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rymduppskjutning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rymduppskjutning [inte skriven än]">Rymduppskjutning</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Direkt_uppstigning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direkt uppstigning [inte skriven än]">Direkt uppstigning</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Flykthastighet" title="Flykthastighet">Flykthastighet</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdbas" title="Rymdbas">Rymdbas</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Startplatta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Startplatta [inte skriven än]">Startplatta</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marksegmentet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marksegmentet [inte skriven än]">Marksegmentet</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Flygledning" title="Flygledning">Flygledning</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Markstation" title="Markstation">Markstation</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pass_(rymdflygning)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pass (rymdflygning) [inte skriven än]">Pass</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uppdragskontrollcenter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uppdragskontrollcenter [inte skriven än]">Uppdragskontrollcenter</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;"><a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_rymdstyrelser" title="Lista över rymdstyrelser">Rymdstyrelser</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet"><img alt="Algeriet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Agence_spatiale_alg%C3%A9rienne" title="Agence spatiale algérienne">ASAL</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Comisi%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_Actividades_Espaciales" title="Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales">CoNAE</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australien" title="Australien"><img alt="Australien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_Space_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian Space Agency [inte skriven än]">ASA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brasilien" title="Brasilien"><img alt="Brasilien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ag%C3%AAncia_Espacial_Brasileira" title="Agência Espacial Brasileira">AEB</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada"><img alt="Kanada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Space_Agency" title="Canadian Space Agency">CSA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina"><img alt="Kina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kinas_nationella_rymdstyrelse" title="Kinas nationella rymdstyrelse">CNSA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europeiska_unionen" title="Europeiska unionen"><img alt="Europeiska unionen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Europeiska_rymdorganisationen" title="Europeiska rymdorganisationen">ESA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike"><img alt="Frankrike" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Centre_national_d%27%C3%A9tudes_spatiales" title="Centre national d'études spatiales">CNES</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland"><img alt="Tyskland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Zentrum_f%C3%BCr_Luft-_und_Raumfahrt" title="Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt">DLR</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien"><img alt="Indien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation" title="Indian Space Research Organisation">ISRO</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesien" title="Indonesien"><img alt="Indonesien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lembaga_Penerbangan_dan_Antariksa_Nasional" title="Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional">LAPAN</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iranska_rymdstyrelsen" title="Iranska rymdstyrelsen">ISA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Israels_rymdstyrelse" title="Israels rymdstyrelse">ISA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italien" title="Italien"><img alt="Italien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Agenzia_Spaziale_Italiana" title="Agenzia Spaziale Italiana">ASI</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Japanska_rymdstyrelsen" title="Japanska rymdstyrelsen">JAXA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nordkorea" title="Nordkorea"><img alt="Nordkorea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Aerospace_Development_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Aerospace Development Administration [inte skriven än]">NADA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sydkorea" title="Sydkorea"><img alt="Sydkorea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Korea_Aerospace_Research_Institute" title="Korea Aerospace Research Institute">KARI</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_and_Upper_Atmosphere_Research_Commission" title="Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission">SUPARCO</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ryssland" title="Ryssland"><img alt="Ryssland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ryska_rymdflygstyrelsen" title="Ryska rymdflygstyrelsen">Roskosmos</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sverige" title="Sverige"><img alt="Sverige" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rymdstyrelsen" title="Rymdstyrelsen">SNSA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina"><img alt="Ukraina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainska_rymdstyrelsen" title="Ukrainska rymdstyrelsen">DKAU</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien"><img alt="Storbritannien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/UK_Space_Agency" title="UK Space Agency">UKSA</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA"><img alt="USA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;;">Rymdprogram</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europeiska_unionens_rymdpolitik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europeiska unionens rymdpolitik [inte skriven än]">Europeiska unionen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation" title="Indian Space Research Organisation">Indien</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Japanska_rymdstyrelsen" title="Japanska rymdstyrelsen">Japan</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kinas_rymdprogram" title="Kinas rymdprogram">Kina</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ryska_rymdflygstyrelsen" title="Ryska rymdflygstyrelsen">Ryssland</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sovjetunionens_rymdprogram" title="Sovjetunionens rymdprogram">Sovjetunionen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6renta_staternas_rymdpolitik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Förenta staternas rymdpolitik [inte skriven än]">USA</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&oldid=54614943">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&oldid=54614943</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Satellitnavigering" title="Kategori:Satellitnavigering">Satellitnavigering</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Flyginstrument" title="Kategori:Flyginstrument">Flyginstrument</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Dolda kategorier: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artiklar_med_n%C3%A4r-mallar_2024-04" title="Kategori:Artiklar med när-mallar 2024-04">Artiklar med när-mallar 2024-04</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Samtliga_artiklar_med_n%C3%A4r-mallar" title="Kategori:Samtliga artiklar med när-mallar">Samtliga artiklar med när-mallar</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 14 april 2024 kl. 20.16.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. För bilder, se respektive bildsida (klicka på bilden). Se vidare <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Upphovsr%C3%A4tt" title="Wikipedia:Upphovsrätt">Wikipedia:Upphovsrätt</a> och <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">användarvillkor</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Wikimedias integritetspolicy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Om">Om Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Allm%C3%A4nt_f%C3%B6rbeh%C3%A5ll">Förbehåll</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Uppförandekod</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Utvecklare</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/sv.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Information om kakor</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//sv.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satellitnavigation&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilvy</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-jfl4j","wgBackendResponseTime":166,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.384","walltime":"0.495","ppvisitednodes":{"value":10594,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":119004,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":72646,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":16607,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 291.735 1 -total"," 38.75% 113.037 3 Mall:Navbox"," 29.43% 85.861 9 Mall:Citation/core"," 28.23% 82.352 7 Mall:Webbref"," 26.88% 78.404 1 Mall:Rymdfart"," 24.39% 71.156 7 Mall:Cite_web"," 19.50% 56.874 23 Mall:Flaggbild"," 13.05% 38.067 1 Mall:Satellitnavigering"," 8.34% 24.317 1 Mall:Se_även"," 7.09% 20.688 19 Mall:Date"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.015","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1074042,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-849f99967d-l8zbv","timestamp":"20241122170501","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Satellitnavigation","url":"https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Satellitnavigation","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q179435","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q179435","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bidragsgivare till Wikimedia-projekten"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-03-05T10:29:38Z","dateModified":"2024-04-14T19:16:06Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/42\/GPS-24_satellite.png"}</script> </body> </html>