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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史沿革" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史沿革"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史沿革</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史沿革-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分界" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分界"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>分界</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-分界-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关分界子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-分界-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-晚奧陶世" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晚奧陶世"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>晚奧陶世</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晚奧陶世-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中奧陶世" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中奧陶世"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>中奧陶世</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中奧陶世-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-早奧陶世" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早奧陶世"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>早奧陶世</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早奧陶世-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-英製地質時期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英製地質時期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>英製地質時期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英製地質時期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>生物</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生物-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生物子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-海洋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#海洋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>海洋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-海洋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-陆地" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#陆地"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>陆地</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-陆地-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>地史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关地史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-地史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-加里东造山运动" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#加里东造山运动"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>加里东造山运动</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-加里东造山运动-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-气候" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#气候"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>气候</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-气候-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">奥陶纪</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。84种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisium" title="Ordovisium – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ordovisium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="العصر الأوردوفيشي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العصر الأوردوفيشي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcicu" title="Ordovícicu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ordovícicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik_d%C3%B6vr%C3%BC" title="Ordovik dövrü – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ordovik dövrü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Ардовікскі перыяд – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ардовікскі перыяд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Ардовік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ардовік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ордовик – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ордовик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="অর্ডোভিশিয়ান – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অর্ডোভিশিয়ান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisian" title="Ordovisian – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ordovisian" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovici%C3%A0" title="Ordovicià – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ordovicià" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93%CC%A4-d%C3%B2%CC%A4-g%C4%AB" title="Ó̤-dò̤-gī – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ó̤-dò̤-gī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik" title="Ordovik – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ordovik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordofigaidd" title="Ordofigaidd – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ordofigaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ορδοβίκια περίοδος – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ορδοβίκια περίοδος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicio" title="Ordovicio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ordovicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcico" title="Ordovícico – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ordovícico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviitsium" title="Ordoviitsium – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ordoviitsium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviziar" title="Ordoviziar – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ordoviziar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اردویسین – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اردویسین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovikikausi" title="Ordovikikausi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ordovikikausi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicien" title="Ordovicien – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ordovicien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcico" title="Ordovícico – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ordovícico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A7" title="אורדוביק – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אורדוביק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="ओर्डोविशी कल्प – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ओर्डोविशी कल्प" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcium" title="Ordovícium – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ordovícium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B7%D6%80%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Օրդովիկի ժամանակաշրջան – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օրդովիկի ժամանակաշրջան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisium" title="Ordovisium – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ordovisium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ord%C3%B3vis%C3%ADumt%C3%ADmabili%C3%B0" title="Ordóvisíumtímabilið – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ordóvisíumtímabilið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviciano" title="Ordoviciano – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ordoviciano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9%E7%B4%80" title="オルドビス紀 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オルドビス紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ორდოვიციული სისტემა – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ორდოვიციული სისტემა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96" title="Ордовик кезеңі – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ордовик кезеңі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%EB%8F%84%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%EA%B8%B0" title="오르도비스기 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오르도비스기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Ордовик мезгили – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ордовик мезгили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovikas" title="Ordovikas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ordovikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviks" title="Ordoviks – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ordoviks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ордовик – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ордовик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisi" title="Ordovisi – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ordovisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوردویسین – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اوردویسین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97" title="अवरप्रवाल युग – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अवरप्रवाल युग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordowik" title="Ordowik – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ordowik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اورڈوویشین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اورڈوویشین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviciano" title="Ordoviciano – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ordoviciano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ордовикский период – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ордовикский период" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik" title="Ordovik – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ordovik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordofisiyaan" title="Ordofisiyaan – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ordofisiyaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Ордовицијум – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ордовицијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஓர்டோவிசியக் காலம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஓர்டோவிசியக் காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ยุคออร์โดวิเชียน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุคออร์โดวิเชียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisiyen" title="Ordovisiyen – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ordovisiyen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ордовицький період – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ордовицький період" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="آردو ویسی دور – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آردو ویسی دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik_sistemasi" title="Ordovik sistemasi – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ordovik sistemasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BB%B7_Ordovic" title="Kỷ Ordovic – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kỷ Ordovic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordovig" title="Lordovig – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lordovig" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="奥陶纪 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奥陶纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cgb%C3%A0_%E1%BB%8C%CC%80rd%C3%B2f%C3%ADs%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Ìgbà Ọ̀rdòfísíà – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìgbà Ọ̀rdòfísíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%99%B6%E7%B4%80" title="奧陶紀 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="奧陶紀" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovices-k%C3%AD" title="Ordovices-kí – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ordovices-kí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%99%B6%E7%B4%80" title="奧陶紀 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="奧陶紀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable" align="right" style="margin-left:1em; width:20em"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color:rgb(0,169,138)"><b>奥陶纪</b><br />485.4–443.8百万年前<br /><span style="text-align:center"><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:208.07692307692px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:; background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="前寒武纪">PreЄ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,170,114); left:36.892307692308px; width:18.818461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="寒武纪">Є</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,169,138); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(166,223,197); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E7%95%99%E7%B4%80" title="志留紀">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(221,150,81); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(63,174,173); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%82%AD%E7%BA%AA" title="石炭纪">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,88,60); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="二叠纪">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(153,78,150); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.126830769231px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="三叠纪">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,187,231); left:151.86769230769px; width:19.055384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%AA" title="侏罗纪">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(111,200,107); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%9E%A9%E7%BA%AA" title="白垩纪">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,161,99); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="古近纪">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,221,45); left:212.20523076923px; width:7.7947692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="新近纪">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div> </div></span></td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordovician_470.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ordovician_470.svg/240px-Ordovician_470.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ordovician_470.svg/360px-Ordovician_470.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Ordovician_470.svg/480px-Ordovician_470.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a></span> <p>中奥陶世：4.7亿年前的地球 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="font-size:1em; text-align:center">全時期平均大氣<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%B0%94" title="氧气"><span class="chemf nowrap">O<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:70%;text-align:left"><br />2</span></span></a>含量</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size:1em; text-align:center">约13.5 Vol %<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />（为現代的68% ）</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="font-size:1em; text-align:center">全時期平均大氣<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳"><span class="chemf nowrap">CO<span style="line-height:1.2em;text-indent:0em;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;font-size:70%;text-align:left"><br />2</span></span></a>含量</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size:1em; text-align:center">约4200 <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E8%90%AC%E5%88%86%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="百萬分率">ppm</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />（为前工業時期15倍）</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="font-size:1em; text-align:center">全時期平均地表溫度</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size:1em; text-align:center">约16℃<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />（高於現代2℃）</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="font-size:1m; text-align:center">海平面（高於現代）</span> </td> <td><span style="font-size:1em; text-align:center">180米；最高至210米，至末期落至140米 <p><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="Container" class="toccolours" style="text-align: left; padding:0.5em 0 0 0; border-style:solid; float:right;clear:right; padding:0 0.5em; margin:0.3em 0 0.8em 1.4em; overflow: hidden;"><div id="Title" style="background-color:rgb(0,169,138); font-weight:bold; padding:0.2em; text-align:center; margin:0.6em 0 1.2em 0">奥陶纪主要分界</div><div id="Contains-Timeline-Scale-Notes"><div style="text-align:right; position:relative; top:-1em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-485 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:29.428571428571em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:27.642857142857em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-480 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:25.857142857143em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:24.071428571429em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-475 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:22.285714285714em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:20.5em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-470 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:18.714285714286em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:16.928571428571em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-465 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:15.142857142857em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:13.357142857143em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-460 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:11.571428571429em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:9.7857142857143em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-455 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:8em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:6.2142857142857em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-450 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:4.4285714285714em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:2.6428571428571em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-445 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:0.85714285714285em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div></div><div id="ScaleBar" style="width:1px; float:left; height:33em; padding:0; background-color:#242020"></div><div id="Timeline" class="toccolours" style="font-size:100%; width:100%; height:33em; padding:0px; float:left; width:10em; border:none; background-color:;"><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(146,195,160); border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:33em; margin-left:0em; width:1em;"><div class="nudge" 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style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(129,214,188); border-width:0.05em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:2.7857142857143em; height:5.4714285714286em; margin-left:3.45em; width:6.55em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-2.7857142857143em;"><span style="font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E8%BF%AA%E6%9C%9F" title="凯迪期">凯迪期</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(149,218,188); border-width:0.05em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:1.7857142857143em; height:0.89999999999998em; margin-left:3.45em; width:6.55em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.49999999999999em;"><span style="font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%8D%97%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%9F" title="赫南特期">赫南特期</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#000000; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:33em; margin-left:9.9em; width:0.1em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-16.5em;"> </span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#000000; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:33em; margin-left:0.9em; width:0.05em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-16.5em;"> </span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#000000; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:1.7857142857143em; height:29.714285714286em; margin-left:2.2em; width:0.1em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-14.857142857143em;"> </span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#000000; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:1.7857142857143em; height:29.714285714286em; margin-left:2.2em; width:0.1em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-14.857142857143em;"> </span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#000000; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:1.7857142857143em; height:29.714285714286em; margin-left:3.4em; width:0.049999999999999em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-14.857142857143em;"> </span></div></div></div><div id="Annotations" style="float:left; position:relative; width:8.25em"><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:17.642857142857em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;">植物登上陆地<sup id="cite_ref-Wellman2000_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wellman2000-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:20.5em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><span style="color:black;">←</span></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奥陶纪中期流星事件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ordovician meteor event"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9F%E6%B5%81%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥陶纪中期流星事件（页面不存在）">奥陶纪中期流星事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician_meteor_event" class="extiw" title="en:Ordovician meteor event"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ordovician meteor event</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" 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font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:16.5em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div></div></div><div id="Legend" class="toccolours" style="margin-left:3.1em; border-style:none; float:left; clear:both;"></div><div id="Caption" class="toccolours" style="margin:0 0.5em; float:left; padding:0 auto; border-style:none; clear:both; text-align:center; width:20.5em">奥陶纪时间表<br />直轴：百万年前<sup id="cite_ref-The_Geologic_Time_Scale_2012_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Geologic_Time_Scale_2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <p><b>奥陶纪</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Ordovician</span>，<span class="nowrap"><small>發音： </small><span class="IPA nopopups" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:英語國際音標">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɔːr/：「war」的「ar」音">ɔːr</span><span title="「dye」的「d」音">d</span><span title="/ə/：「about」的「a」音">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/：後面為主重音">ˈ</span><span title="「vie」的「v」音">v</span><span title="/ɪ/：「kit」的「i」音">ɪ</span><span title="/ʃ/：「shy」的「sh」音">ʃ</span><span title="/ən/：「button」的「on」音">ən</span></span>/</a></span></span>，符号O）是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="地球地质历史">地球地质历史</a>上<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%BE%E7%94%9F%E5%AE%99" title="显生宙">显生宙</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%A3" title="古生代">古生代</a>的第二个<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AA_(%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6)" title="纪 (地质学)">纪</a>，约开始于4.85亿年前，结束于4.43亿年前，上承<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="寒武纪">寒武纪</a>，下启<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E7%95%99%E7%BA%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="志留纪">志留纪</a>。 </p><p>奥陶纪的命名源自<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>中部/西北部的古代<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="凯尔特人">凯尔特人</a>部落<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奧陶維斯人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ordovices"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E9%99%B6%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧陶維斯人（页面不存在）">奧陶維斯人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovices" class="extiw" title="en:Ordovices"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ordovices</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>，因最早被研究的奥陶纪<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E5%B1%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="岩層">岩层</a>取自于这个部族历史上的传统住地而得名。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史沿革"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2.E6.B2.BF.E9.9D.A9"></span>历史沿革</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史沿革"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1879年，地质学家<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="查爾斯·拉普沃思" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Charles Lapworth"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E6%99%AE%E6%B2%83%E6%80%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="查爾斯·拉普沃思（页面不存在）">查爾斯·拉普沃思</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Lapworth" class="extiw" title="en:Charles Lapworth"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Charles Lapworth</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>将莫企逊广义的志留纪下层定义并命名为奥陶纪<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。直到1960年，奥陶纪的定义才正式获得<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="国际地质科学联合会">国际地质科学联合会</a>认可。 </p><p>中文学术界对奥陶纪的称呼最早见于由<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E9%B8%BF%E9%92%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="章鸿钊">章鸿钊</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E6%96%87%E7%81%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="翁文灏">翁文灏</a>于1916年编写的《地质研究所师弟修业纪》，后被地质工作者广泛使用，包括日本学者<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小林贞一" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="小林貞一"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E6%9E%97%E8%B4%9E%E4%B8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小林贞一（页面不存在）">小林贞一</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%9E%97%E8%B2%9E%E4%B8%80" class="extiw" title="ja:小林貞一"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">小林貞一</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>（1929年）、山成不二（1925年）等<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分界"><span id=".E5.88.86.E7.95.8C"></span>分界</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：分界"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>許多區域性術語曾被使用並成為劃分奧陶紀的依據。在2008年，<span class="ilh-all ilh-blue" data-orig-title="ICS" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International Classification for Standards"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/ICS" class="mw-disambig" title="ICS">ICS</a></span></span>確立了正式的國際細分體系<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。其中包括波羅的海、英國、西伯利亞、北美、澳大利亞、中國、地中海和<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E7%93%A6%E7%BA%B3%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="冈瓦纳大陆">岡瓦那大陸</a>的區域地層圖式<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在英國，奧陶紀傳統上分為早期（<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E9%A9%AC%E8%B1%86%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%9F" title="特马豆克期">特马豆克期</a>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿侖尼格期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arenig"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BE%96%E5%B0%BC%E6%A0%BC%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿侖尼格期（页面不存在）">阿侖尼格期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenig" class="extiw" title="en:Arenig"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arenig</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>）、中期（蘭維恩階（又細分為阿伯雷迪階和蘭代洛統）和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蘭代洛階" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Llandeilo Group"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%AD%E4%BB%A3%E6%B4%9B%E9%9A%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘭代洛階（页面不存在）">蘭代洛階</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llandeilo_Group" class="extiw" title="en:Llandeilo Group"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Llandeilo Group</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>）和晚期（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="喀拉多克階" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Caradoc Series"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%80%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B%E9%9A%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="喀拉多克階（页面不存在）">喀拉多克階</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caradoc_Series" class="extiw" title="en:Caradoc Series"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Caradoc Series</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>和阿石極階）。與奧陶紀相對應的巖石被稱為來自柱的下部、中部或上部。從最年輕到最古老的動物群<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B6_(%E5%9C%B0%E5%B1%82)" title="阶 (地层)">階段</a>（時代的細分）依次是： </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="晚奧陶世"><span id=".E6.99.9A.E5.A5.A7.E9.99.B6.E4.B8.96"></span>晚奧陶世</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：晚奧陶世"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hirnantian stage/Gamach (Ashgill); Rawtheyan/Richmond (Ashgill); Cautleyan/Richmond (Ashgill); Pusgillian/Maysville/Richmond (Ashgill) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中奧陶世"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.A5.A7.E9.99.B6.E4.B8.96"></span>中奧陶世</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：中奧陶世"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trenton (Caradoc); Onnian/Maysville/Eden (Caradoc); Actonian/Eden (Caradoc); Marshbrookian/Sherman (Caradoc); Longvillian/Sherman (Caradoc); Soudleyan/Kirkfield (Caradoc); Harnagian/Rockland (Caradoc); Costonian/Black River (Caradoc); Chazy (Llandeilo); Llandeilo (Llandeilo); Whiterock (Llanvirn); Llanvirn (Llanvirn) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早奧陶世"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E5.A5.A7.E9.99.B6.E4.B8.96"></span>早奧陶世</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：早奧陶世"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cassinian (Arenig); Arenig/Jefferson/Castleman (Arenig); Tremadoc/Deming/Gaconadian (Tremadoc) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="英製地質時期"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E8.A3.BD.E5.9C.B0.E8.B3.AA.E6.99.82.E6.9C.9F"></span>英製地質時期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：英製地質時期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>特裏馬道克階相當於（現代的）<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E9%A9%AC%E8%B1%86%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%9F" title="特马豆克期">特馬豆克期</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E6%9C%9F" title="弗洛期">弗洛期</a>對應於低位的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿侖尼格期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arenig"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BE%96%E5%B0%BC%E6%A0%BC%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿侖尼格期（页面不存在）">阿侖尼格期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenig" class="extiw" title="en:Arenig"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arenig</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>；阿侖尼格期一直延續到<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E7%91%9E%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%9F" title="达瑞威尔期">達瑞威爾階</a>早期，並包含<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9D%AA%E6%9C%9F" title="大坪期">大坪期</a>。蘭維爾階占據了達瑞威爾階的其余部分，並在晚奧陶世的底部終止。<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E6%9C%9F" title="桑比期">桑比期</a>代表了<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="喀拉多克階" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Caradoc Series"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%80%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B%E9%9A%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="喀拉多克階（页面不存在）">喀拉多克階</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caradoc_Series" class="extiw" title="en:Caradoc Series"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Caradoc Series</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>的前半部分；喀拉多克階在<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E8%BF%AA%E6%9C%9F" title="凯迪期">卡蒂安期</a>的中部結束，阿石極階加上<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%8D%97%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%9F" title="赫南特期">赫南特期</a>代表了卡蒂安期最後一半的部分<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生物"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.89.A9"></span>生物</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：生物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" title="奥陶纪大辐射">奥陶纪大辐射</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%99%B6%E7%B4%80%EF%BC%8D%E5%BF%97%E7%95%99%E7%B4%80%E6%BB%85%E7%B5%95%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="奧陶紀－志留紀滅絕事件">奥陶纪－志留纪灭绝事件</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="海洋"><span id=".E6.B5.B7.E6.B4.8B"></span>海洋</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：海洋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>奥陶纪由于浅海广布、气候适合，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E6%B8%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="浮游生物">浮游生物</a>的种类和数量都出现了爆发式的增长<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，因此海生无脊椎动物进一步繁盛，分异更为显著，占绝对优势。浅海滋生着底栖的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B6%E8%99%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="三叶虫">三叶虫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%95%E8%B6%B3%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="腕足类">腕足类</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%B9%E8%B6%B3%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="腹足類">腹足类</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E5%BD%A2%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="介形類">介形类</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%99%BE%E5%90%88" title="海百合">海百合</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%9E%97%E6%AA%8E" title="海林檎">海林檎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%94%E8%98%9A%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="苔蘚蟲">苔藓虫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8A%E7%91%9A" title="珊瑚">珊瑚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%BB%B5" title="海绵">海绵</a>类、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%99%E5%A3%B3%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="喙壳类">喙壳类</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%A6%E9%B9%89%E8%9E%BA%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%B2" title="鹦鹉螺亚纲">角石类</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E5%BD%A2%E7%9F%B3" title="牙形石">牙形石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A0%E4%B8%81%E7%9F%B3" title="几丁石">几丁石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%A4%E5%AD%94%E8%9F%B2" title="層孔蟲">层孔虫</a>等。深水、滞流静水海域不适合底栖生物生存，海面漂浮着<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%94%E7%9F%B3%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="笔石类">笔石类</a>、有薄壳的纤小动物，如<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="叶虾亚纲" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Phyllocarida"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B6%E8%99%BE%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="叶虾亚纲（页面不存在）">叶虾类</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyllocarida" class="extiw" title="en:Phyllocarida"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Phyllocarida</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>，这些可以顺洋流漂浮，成为广布的化石。 </p><p>笔石最早出现于<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="寒武纪">寒武纪</a>中期，在奥陶纪大量繁盛，主要营漂浮方式，分布广，演化快、容易保存，是奥陶纪重要的分层化石。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A9%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="早奥陶世（页面不存在）">早奥陶世</a>早期以<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%91%E5%BD%A2%E7%AC%94%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="树形笔石（页面不存在）">树形笔石</a>为主，中期<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A3%E7%AC%94%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="正笔石（页面不存在）">正笔石</a>类中的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A0%E8%BD%B4%E4%BA%9A%E7%9B%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="无轴亚目（页面不存在）">无轴亚目</a>大量繁盛，晚期<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E8%BD%B4%E4%BA%9A%E7%9B%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有轴亚目（页面不存在）">有轴亚目</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%95%E7%AC%94%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雕笔石（页面不存在）">雕笔石</a>出现；中、晚奥陶世是正笔石类的鼎盛时期。 </p><p>三叶虫和腕足类都很繁盛。奥陶纪主要的三叶虫有<a href="/wiki/%E6%AB%9B%E8%9F%B2%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="櫛蟲目">栉虫目</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="镰虫目" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harpetida"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%95%B0%E8%99%AB%E7%9B%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="镰虫目（页面不存在）">镰虫目</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpetida" class="extiw" title="en:Harpetida"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harpetida</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%B6%E9%A2%8A%E8%99%AB%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="褶颊虫目">褶颊虫目</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%A1%E7%9C%BC%E8%9F%B2%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="鏡眼蟲目">镜眼虫目</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A5%E5%AD%90%E7%9B%AE" title="球接子目">球接子目</a>等，腕足类中<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%89%B8%E7%B6%B1" title="有鉸綱">有铰类</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%BD%A2%E8%B4%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="正形贝目">正形贝目</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="扭月贝目" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Strophomenida"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%AD%E6%9C%88%E8%B4%9D%E7%9B%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="扭月贝目（页面不存在）">扭月贝目</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strophomenida" class="extiw" title="en:Strophomenida"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Strophomenida</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>占重要地位。 </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%99%E8%97%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="钙藻（页面不存在）">钙藻</a>也在奥陶纪时期开始出现，和<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8A%E7%91%9A%E7%A4%81" title="珊瑚礁">珊瑚礁</a>互利共生。 </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Burgsvik_Chitinozoan_Transmitted_Light.png" class="mw-file-description" title="几丁石最早出现于奥陶纪早期，灭绝于泥盆纪末期，化石形状通常是一个微型的瓶子。"><img alt="几丁石最早出现于奥陶纪早期，灭绝于泥盆纪末期，化石形状通常是一个微型的瓶子。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Burgsvik_Chitinozoan_Transmitted_Light.png/120px-Burgsvik_Chitinozoan_Transmitted_Light.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Burgsvik_Chitinozoan_Transmitted_Light.png/180px-Burgsvik_Chitinozoan_Transmitted_Light.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Burgsvik_Chitinozoan_Transmitted_Light.png/240px-Burgsvik_Chitinozoan_Transmitted_Light.png 2x" data-file-width="1135" data-file-height="585" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A0%E4%B8%81%E7%9F%B3" title="几丁石">几丁石</a>最早出现于奥陶纪早期，灭绝于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪">泥盆纪</a>末期，化石形状通常是一个微型的瓶子。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cameroceras_trentonese.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="角石类最早出现于寒武纪晚期，奥陶纪属种繁多，体形较大，通常长达1米，位于当时食物链的上层。"><img alt="角石类最早出现于寒武纪晚期，奥陶纪属种繁多，体形较大，通常长达1米，位于当时食物链的上层。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cameroceras_trentonese.jpg/120px-Cameroceras_trentonese.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cameroceras_trentonese.jpg/180px-Cameroceras_trentonese.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cameroceras_trentonese.jpg/240px-Cameroceras_trentonese.jpg 2x" data-file-width="634" data-file-height="504" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">角石类最早出现于寒武纪晚期，奥陶纪属种繁多，体形较大，通常长达1米，位于当时<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E9%93%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="食物链">食物链</a>的上层。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eurypterids_Pentecopterus_Vertical.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="五十桨翼鲎属：是已知生存年代最早的板足鲎类，体长可达2米；凶猛可怖的浅海底栖顶级掠食者。"><img alt="五十桨翼鲎属：是已知生存年代最早的板足鲎类，体长可达2米；凶猛可怖的浅海底栖顶级掠食者。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eurypterids_Pentecopterus_Vertical.jpg/93px-Eurypterids_Pentecopterus_Vertical.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eurypterids_Pentecopterus_Vertical.jpg/139px-Eurypterids_Pentecopterus_Vertical.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eurypterids_Pentecopterus_Vertical.jpg/185px-Eurypterids_Pentecopterus_Vertical.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1545" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E6%A1%A8%E7%BF%BC%E9%B2%8E%E5%B1%9E" title="五十桨翼鲎属">五十桨翼鲎属</a>：是已知生存年代最早的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E8%B6%B3%E9%B2%8E%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="板足鲎目">板足鲎类</a>，体长可达2米；凶猛可怖的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%85%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="浅海">浅海</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E6%A3%B2%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="底棲生物">底栖</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E6%8E%A0%E9%A3%9F%E8%80%85" title="顶级掠食者">顶级掠食者</a>。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Promissum_NT_small.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="生活在奥陶纪晚期的美麗普羅米桑牙形石（英语：Promissum pulchrum），体长可达40厘米。"><img alt="生活在奥陶纪晚期的美麗普羅米桑牙形石（英语：Promissum pulchrum），体长可达40厘米。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Promissum_NT_small.jpg/120px-Promissum_NT_small.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Promissum_NT_small.jpg/180px-Promissum_NT_small.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Promissum_NT_small.jpg/240px-Promissum_NT_small.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">生活在奥陶纪晚期的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美麗普羅米桑牙形石" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Promissum pulchrum"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E9%BA%97%E6%99%AE%E7%BE%85%E7%B1%B3%E6%A1%91%E7%89%99%E5%BD%A2%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美麗普羅米桑牙形石（页面不存在）">美麗普羅米桑牙形石</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promissum_pulchrum" class="extiw" title="en:Promissum pulchrum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Promissum pulchrum</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>，体长可达40厘米。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arandaspis_NT.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="甲胄鱼类也在这时期开始出现。"><img alt="甲胄鱼类也在这时期开始出现。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Arandaspis_NT.jpg/120px-Arandaspis_NT.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Arandaspis_NT.jpg/180px-Arandaspis_NT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Arandaspis_NT.jpg/240px-Arandaspis_NT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%86%91%E9%AD%9A%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="甲冑魚類">甲胄鱼类</a>也在这时期开始出现。</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="陆地"><span id=".E9.99.86.E5.9C.B0"></span>陆地</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：陆地"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E8%97%BB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="绿藻">绿藻</a>在寒武纪晚期和奥陶纪很常见。陆生植物可能是从绿藻进化而来的，最初以微小的非维管植物形式出现。在最上层的奥陶系沉积物中发现了来自陆生植物的孢子化石。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordovician_Land_Scene.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ordovician_Land_Scene.jpg/220px-Ordovician_Land_Scene.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ordovician_Land_Scene.jpg/330px-Ordovician_Land_Scene.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ordovician_Land_Scene.jpg/440px-Ordovician_Land_Scene.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1025" data-file-height="1575" /></a><figcaption>当时陆生植物的分布仅限于海岸线</figcaption></figure> <p>最早的陆地真菌可能属于<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%83%E5%9B%8A%E9%9C%89%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="球囊霉目">球囊霉目</a>（Glomerales），通过菌根共生可使植物在陆地上的扩张中起着重要作用，使植物细胞可利用矿物质养分。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%BA%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="威斯康星州">威斯康星州</a>发现了这种真菌的菌丝和孢子化石，其地层年代大约为4.6亿年前，当时的陆生植物群只有非维管植物<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地史"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E5.8F.B2"></span>地史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：地史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AD%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AD%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.png/220px-%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AD%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AD%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.png/330px-%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AD%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AD%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.png/440px-%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%AD%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8.png 2x" data-file-width="1106" data-file-height="612" /></a><figcaption>约4.7亿年前的全球地图</figcaption></figure> <p>奥陶纪时期的大陆由主要的<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E7%93%A6%E7%BA%B3%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="冈瓦纳大陆">冈瓦纳大陆</a>和其他三个较小的大陆：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="勞倫大陸">劳伦大陆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="波羅的大陸">波罗的大陆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" class="mw-redirect" title="西伯利亚大陆">西伯利亚大陆</a>以及一系列小型孤立陆块构成。小型孤立陆块在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="寒武纪">寒武纪</a>时期是冈瓦纳大陆的一部分。波罗的大陆和冈瓦纳大陆被<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="托恩基斯特海" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tornquist Sea"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E6%81%A9%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B5%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托恩基斯特海（页面不存在）">托恩基斯特海</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornquist_Sea" class="extiw" title="en:Tornquist Sea"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tornquist Sea</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>之间略微分开。劳伦大陆正在向北漂至<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E7%A5%9E%E6%B5%B7" title="巨神海">巨神海</a>将冈瓦纳大陆和波罗的大陆隔开。西伯利亚大陆已经漂移至赤道以北区域。 </p><p>奥陶纪的海侵是在寒武纪海域延续下来的。<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%AC%E5%AD%90%E9%99%86%E5%9D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="扬子陆块">扬子陆块</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E9%99%86%E5%9D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="华北陆块">华北陆块</a>西部边缘地带，在中、晚寒武世、早奥陶世略有上升，奥陶纪早期地层缺失，较新的奥陶纪地层与寒武纪呈假整合接触。在华北陆块的中、东部和扬子陆块，奥陶纪、寒武纪地层皆呈整合接触。中奥陶世之后华北陆块上升为陆地，除西部边缘地区外，晚奥陶世没有沉积。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%A6%E9%9A%86%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="阿瓦隆尼亚">阿瓦隆尼亚</a>从冈瓦纳大陆的北部边缘脱落，并向北漂移。<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%8B" title="瑞亞克洋">瑞亚克洋</a>在阿瓦隆尼亚和冈瓦纳大陆之间开裂形成。晚奥陶世时期，阿瓦隆尼亚与波罗的大陆碰撞，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E7%A5%9E%E6%B5%B7" title="巨神海">巨神海</a>因为阿瓦隆尼亚与波罗的大陆的合并而缩小。而组成欧洲的另一部分（Armorica Terran Group）仍位于冈瓦纳大陆北部边缘。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" class="mw-redirect" title="哈萨克大陆">哈萨克地块</a>于奥陶纪时期形成，孤立于当时其他大陆之外，其地块在<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%82%AD%E7%BA%AA" title="石炭纪">石炭纪</a>时期才和西伯利亚大陆碰撞。 </p><p>奧陶紀中期時，在大約距今4.66億年前時，曾發生<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奥陶纪中期流星事件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ordovician meteor event"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9F%E6%B5%81%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥陶纪中期流星事件（页面不存在）">奥陶纪中期流星事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician_meteor_event" class="extiw" title="en:Ordovician meteor event"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ordovician meteor event</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-sciencedaily20160620_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sciencedaily20160620-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而一個近期的理論認為地球在這時可能出現<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%92%B0" title="地球環">環系統</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>奥陶纪时期每年撞击地球的陨石数量是现在的约100倍<sup id="cite_ref-sciencedaily20160620_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sciencedaily20160620-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="加里东造山运动"><span id=".E5.8A.A0.E9.87.8C.E4.B8.9C.E9.80.A0.E5.B1.B1.E8.BF.90.E5.8A.A8"></span>加里东造山运动</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：加里东造山运动"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%E6%9D%B1%E9%80%A0%E5%B1%B1%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="加里東造山運動">加里东造山运动</a></div> <p>加里东造山运动在地台区表现为频繁的震荡运动，地槽区有较多的火山喷发岩、中基性和中酸性火山岩，如北方地槽区。 </p> <ul><li>欧亚大陆有4个稳定的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E9%80%9A" title="克拉通">陸塊</a>（俄罗斯陆块、西伯利亚陆块、华北陆块、扬子陆块）。除少数地区外，基本上被海水侵入，形成浅海水域，克拉通周围被地槽区围绕。俄罗斯陆块、扬子陆块的南缘，呈东西向条带状的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="古地中海">古地中海</a>，南缘止于非洲北部、阿拉伯半岛中部、伊朗南部、印度半岛北部，向南经中南半岛与澳大利亚东、北部奥陶纪的海域相连，更南可能伸延到南极地区。</li> <li>北美大部为地台浅海区，沉积以石英砂岩、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B5%E5%B2%A9" title="页岩">页岩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BD%E5%B2%A9" title="碳酸鹽岩">碳酸盐岩</a>为主，厚度不大。北美大陆的东西侧为地槽区的海域，西部以<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%8E%E5%B1%91%E5%B2%A9" title="碎屑岩">碎屑岩</a>、碳酸盐岩为主，东部有硬砂岩、泥岩和火山岩。南美的西太平洋沿岸地带为地槽海域，中北部为地台浅海海域。</li> <li>南大陆的周围边缘地带被地槽区、地台型海域围绕，非洲、印度半岛、澳大利亚西南部、南美东部、南极洲东部皆为陆地。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="气候"><span id=".E6.B0.94.E5.80.99"></span>气候</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：气候"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>奥陶纪早、中期继承了寒武纪的气候，气候温暖、海侵广泛，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面">海平面</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E9%A9%AC%E8%B1%86%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%9F" title="特马豆克期">特马豆克期</a>达到了<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%BE%E7%94%9F%E5%AE%99" title="显生宙">显生宙</a>以来的最高水平；晚期冈瓦纳大陆发生大规模的大陆冰盖和冰海沉积，代表寒冷的极地气候。 </p><p>按古地磁数据，奥陶纪南极最初从今天的阿尔及利亚南部（早奥陶世）的某个位置向北迁移到今天的阿尔及利亚地中海沿岸位置（中奥陶世），然后移至西非位置（晚奥陶世），这与非洲冰碛层的分布于南极圈内的解释是吻合的。冈瓦纳大陆东部仍处于赤道附近。北美、西伯利亚、中国华北有蒸发岩沉积，推测为干热气候环境，属低纬度地区。奥陶纪北极位于南太平洋，大陆地区基本位于南半球，从沉积物看，当时南半球的气候分带比较明显。由于晚奥陶大冰期的存在，导致海平面的全面下降。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol 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B</a>. 2000, <b>355</b> (1398): 717–732. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1692785"><span title="公共医学中心">PMC 1692785</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10905606"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 10905606</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frstb.2000.0612"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0612</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=The+microfossil+record+of+early+land+plants&rft.au=Gray%2C+J.&rft.au=Wellman%2C+C.H.&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1398&rft.jtitle=Phil.+Trans.+R.+Soc.+B&rft.pages=717-732&rft.volume=355&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1692785&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1692785&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstb.2000.0612&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10905606&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Geologic_Time_Scale_2012-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Geologic_Time_Scale_2012_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Gradstein, F. M. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?hl=de&id=usoqlA8AVDUC&q=542#v=onepage&q=504&f=false">The Geologic Time Scale 2012</a>. Elsevier Science Ltd. 2012: 504. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0444594259" title="Special:网络书源/978-0444594259"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0444594259</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.au=Gradstein%2C+F.+M.&rft.btitle=The+Geologic+Time+Scale+2012&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0444594259&rft.pages=504&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science+Ltd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.de%2Fbooks%3Fhl%3Dde%26id%3DusoqlA8AVDUC%26q%3D542%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D504%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Lapworth (1879) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JJpZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false">"On the Tripartite Classification of the Lower Palaeozoic Rocks,"</a> <i>Geological Magazine</i>, new series, <b>6</b> : 1-15. From pp. 13-14: "North Wales itself — at all events the whole of the great Bala district where Sedgwick first worked out the physical succession among the rocks of the intermediate or so-called <i>Upper Cambrian</i> or <i>Lower Silurian</i> system; and in all probability much of the Shelve and the Caradoc area, whence Murchison first published its distinctive fossils — lay within the territory of the Ordovices; … Here, then, have we the hint for the appropriate title for the central system of the Lower Palaeozoics. It should be called the Ordovician System, after this old British tribe."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">王光旭. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geojournals.cn/georev/ch/reader/create_pdf.aspx?file_no=20125803020&year_id=2012&quarter_id=3&falg=1">“奥陶纪”一词译名考</a>. 地质论评. 2012, <b>58</b> (3): 451–452 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-08-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210207062503/http://www.geojournals.cn/georev/ch/reader/create_pdf.aspx?file_no=20125803020&year_id=2012&quarter_id=3&falg=1">存档</a>于2021-02-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=%E2%80%9C%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA%E2%80%9D%E4%B8%80%E8%AF%8D%E8%AF%91%E5%90%8D%E8%80%83&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E5%85%89%E6%97%AD&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E8%AE%BA%E8%AF%84&rft.pages=451-452&rft.volume=58&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geojournals.cn%2Fgeorev%2Fch%2Freader%2Fcreate_pdf.aspx%3Ffile_no%3D20125803020%26year_id%3D2012%26quarter_id%3D3%26falg%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Details on the Dapingian are available at <cite class="citation journal">Wang, X.; Stouge, S.; Chen, X.; Li, Z.; Wang, C. 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Lethaia. 2009, <b>42</b> (3): 377–380. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1502-3931.2009.00169.x"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2009.00169.x</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=Dapingian+Stage%3A+standard+name+for+the+lowermost+global+stage+of+the+Middle+Ordovician+Series&rft.au=Chen%2C+X.&rft.au=Li%2C+Z.&rft.au=Stouge%2C+S.&rft.au=Wang%2C+C.&rft.aufirst=X.&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Lethaia&rft.pages=377-380&rft.volume=42&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1502-3931.2009.00169.x&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220511072916/https://ordovician.stratigraphy.org/period">The Ordovician Period</a>. Subcommission on Ordovician Stratigraphy. International Commission on Stratigraphy. 2020 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2021]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ordovician.stratigraphy.org/period">原始内容</a>存档于2022-05-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=The+Ordovician+Period&rft.date=2020&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Subcommission+on+Ordovician+Stratigraphy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fordovician.stratigraphy.org%2Fperiod&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ogg; Ogg; Gradstein (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisegeologict0000oggj">The Concise Geological Timescale</a>. 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.au=Gradstein&rft.au=Ogg&rft.au=Ogg&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Geological+Timescale&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconcisegeologict0000oggj&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Servais, Thomas; Perrier, Vincent; Danelian, Taniel; Klug, Christian; Martin, Ronald; Munnecke, Axel; Nowak, Hendrik; Nützel, Alexander; Vandenbroucke, Thijs R.A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.11.003">The onset of the ‘Ordovician Plankton Revolution’ in the late Cambrian</a>. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2016-09, <b>458</b>: 12–28. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0031-0182"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0031-0182</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2015.11.003"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.11.003</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=The+onset+of+the+%E2%80%98Ordovician+Plankton+Revolution%E2%80%99+in+the+late+Cambrian&rft.au=Danelian%2C+Taniel&rft.au=Klug%2C+Christian&rft.au=Martin%2C+Ronald&rft.au=Munnecke%2C+Axel&rft.au=N%C3%BCtzel%2C+Alexander&rft.au=Nowak%2C+Hendrik&rft.au=Perrier%2C+Vincent&rft.au=Vandenbroucke%2C+Thijs+R.A.&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.aulast=Servais&rft.date=2016-09&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0031-0182&rft.jtitle=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.pages=12-28&rft.volume=458&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2015.11.003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2015.11.003&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Redecker, D.; Kodner, R.; Graham, L. E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://semanticscholar.org/paper/3d0a8e00d315cb9aa2fa0d6b573ec26b5bf154e8">Glomalean fungi from the Ordovician</a>. <a href="/wiki/Science_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Science (journal)">Science</a>. 2000, <b>289</b> (5486): 1920–1921. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000Sci...289.1920R"><span title="Bibcode">Bibcode:2000Sci...289.1920R</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10988069"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 10988069</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.289.5486.1920"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1126/science.289.5486.1920</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=Glomalean+fungi+from+the+Ordovician&rft.au=Graham%2C+L.+E.&rft.au=Kodner%2C+R.&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.aulast=Redecker&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=5486&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=1920-1921&rft.volume=289&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsemanticscholar.org%2Fpaper%2F3d0a8e00d315cb9aa2fa0d6b573ec26b5bf154e8&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000Sci...289.1920R&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.289.5486.1920&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10988069&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sciencedaily20160620-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sciencedaily20160620_14-0"><sup><b>14.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sciencedaily20160620_14-1"><sup><b>14.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/06/160615135230.htm">New type of meteorite linked to ancient asteroid collision</a>. Science Daily. 2016-06-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-06-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190403222034/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/06/160615135230.htm">存档</a>于2019-04-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=New+type+of+meteorite+linked+to+ancient+asteroid+collision&rft.date=2016-06-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science+Daily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2016%2F06%2F160615135230.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Tomkins, Andrew G.; Martin, Erin L.; Cawood, Peter A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X24004230">Evidence suggesting that earth had a ring in the Ordovician</a>. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 2024-11-15, <b>646</b>: 118991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0012-821X"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0012-821X</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2024.118991"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118991</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA&rft.atitle=Evidence+suggesting+that+earth+had+a+ring+in+the+Ordovician&rft.au=Cawood%2C+Peter+A.&rft.au=Martin%2C+Erin+L.&rft.aufirst=Andrew+G.&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0012-821X&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.pages=118991&rft.volume=646&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0012821X24004230&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2024.118991&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="地质年代" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:rgba(254,217,106,1);"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li 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style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12.5em;background:rgb(174,2,126)"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E5%8F%A4%E5%AE%99" title="冥古宙"><span style="color:#fff;">冥古宙<span style="font-weight:normal;">（46亿至40亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">（未有任何年代分段被<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%9C%B0%E5%B1%A4%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="國際地層委員會">國際地層委員會</a>承认）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12.5em;background:rgb(240,4,127); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%A4%E5%AE%99" title="太古宙"><span style="color:#fff;">太古宙<span style="font-weight:normal;">（40亿至25亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%8B%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" title="始太古代">始太古代（40亿至36亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" title="古太古代">古太古代（36亿至32亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" title="中太古代">中太古代（32亿至28亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" title="新太古代">新太古代（28亿至25亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12.5em;background:rgb(247,53,99); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%8F%A4%E5%AE%99" title="元古宙"><span style="color:#fff;">元古宙<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">（25亿至5.41亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(247,67,112); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%83%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" title="古元古代"><span style="color:#fff;">古元古代<span style="font-weight:normal;">（25亿至16亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E9%93%81%E7%BA%AA" title="成铁纪">成铁纪（25亿至23亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%82%E4%BE%B5%E7%BA%AA" title="层侵纪">层侵纪（23亿至20.5亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%AA" title="造山纪">造山纪（20.5亿至18亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E7%BB%93%E7%BA%AA" title="固结纪">固结纪（18亿至16亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(253,180,98); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%83%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" title="中元古代">中元古代<span style="font-weight:normal;">（16亿至10亿年前）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%96%E5%B1%82%E7%BA%AA" title="盖层纪">盖层纪（16亿至14亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E5%B1%95%E7%BA%AA" title="延展纪">延展纪（14亿至12亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AD%E5%B8%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="狭带纪">狭带纪（12亿至10亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(254,179,66); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%83%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" title="新元古代">新元古代<span style="font-weight:normal;">（10亿至5.41亿年前）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%B8%E7%BA%AA" title="拉伸纪">拉伸纪（10亿至7.2亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%86%B0%E7%BA%AA" title="成冰纪">成冰纪（7.2亿至6.35亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%BF%AA%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%AA" title="埃迪卡拉纪">埃迪卡拉纪（6.35亿至5.41亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(154,217,221); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%BE%E7%94%9F%E5%AE%99" title="显生宙"><div style="line-height:1.2em;">显<br />生<br />宙<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">︵<br />5.41<br />亿<br />年<br />前<br />至<br />今<br />︶</span></div></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12.5em;background:rgb(153,192,141); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%A3" title="古生代"><span style="color:#fff;">古生代<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">（5.41亿至2.52亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(127,160,86); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="寒武纪"><span style="color:#fff;">寒武纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（5.41亿至4.85亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%96" title="纽芬兰世">紐芬蘭世（5.41亿至5.21亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="寒武纪第二世">第二世（5.21亿至5.09亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E5%B2%AD%E4%B8%96" title="苗岭世">苗岭世（5.09亿至4.97亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%99%E8%93%89%E4%B8%96" title="芙蓉世">芙蓉世（4.97亿至4.85亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(0,146,112); text-align:center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#fff;">奥陶纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（4.85亿至4.44亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">早奥陶世（4.85亿至4.70亿年前）</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">中奥陶世（4.70亿至4.58亿年前）</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">晚奥陶世（4.58亿至4.44亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(179,225,182); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E7%95%99%E7%B4%80" title="志留紀">志留紀<span style="font-weight:normal;">（4.44亿至4.19亿年前）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E5%A4%9A%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%97%E4%B8%96" title="兰多维列世">兰多维列世（4.44亿至4.33亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%96" title="文洛克世">文洛克世（4.33亿至4.27亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%9B%E4%B8%96" title="羅德洛世">羅德洛世（4.27亿至4.23亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C%E9%81%93%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%96" title="普里道利世">普里道利世（4.23亿至4.19亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(203,140,55); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪"><span style="color:#fff;">泥盆纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（4.19亿至3.59亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪">早泥盆世（4.19亿至3.93亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪">中泥盆世（3.93亿至3.83亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪">晚泥盆世（3.83亿至3.59亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(103,165,153); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%82%AD%E7%BA%AA" title="石炭纪"><span style="color:#fff;">石炭纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（3.59亿至2.99亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%96" title="密西西比世">密西西比世（3.59亿至3.23亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%96" title="賓夕法尼亞世">賓夕法尼亞世（3.23亿至2.99亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(240,64,40); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="二叠纪"><span style="color:#fff;">二叠纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（2.99亿至2.52亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%96" title="乌拉尔世">乌拉尔世（2.99亿至2.72亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%9C%E8%BE%BE%E6%B4%9B%E6%99%AE%E4%B8%96" title="瓜达洛普世">瓜达洛普世（2.72亿至2.6亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E4%B8%96" title="乐平世">乐平世（2.6亿至2.52亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12.5em;background:rgb(103,197,202); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%A3" title="中生代">中生代<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">（2.52亿至6600万年前）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(129,43,146); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="三叠纪"><span style="color:#fff;">三叠纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（2.52亿至2.01亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A9%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E4%B8%96" title="早三叠世">早三叠世（2.52亿至2.47亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E4%B8%96" title="中三叠世">中三叠世（2.47亿至2.37亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="三叠纪">晚三疊世（2.37亿至2.01亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(52,178,201); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%AA" title="侏罗纪"><span style="color:#fff;">侏罗纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（2.01亿至1.45亿年前）</span></span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%AA" title="侏罗纪">早侏罗世（2.01亿至1.74亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%AA" title="侏罗纪">中侏罗世（1.74亿至1.64亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%9A%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%96" title="晚侏罗世">晚侏罗世（1.64亿至1.45亿年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(127,198,78); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%9E%A9%E7%BA%AA" title="白垩纪">白垩纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（1.45亿至6600万年前）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A9%E7%99%BD%E5%9E%A9%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="早白垩世">早白垩世（1.45亿至1亿年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%9E%A9%E7%BA%AA" title="白垩纪">晚白垩世（1亿至6600万年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12.5em;background:rgb(242,249,29); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%A3" title="新生代">新生代<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">（6600万年前至今）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(253,154,82); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="古近纪">古近纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（6600万至2303万年前）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="古新世">古新世（6600万至5600万年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%8B%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="始新世">始新世（5600万至3390万年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%B8%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="漸新世">漸新世（3390万至2303万年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(255,230,25); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="新近纪">新近纪<span style="font-weight:normal;">（2303万至258万年前）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="中新世">中新世（2303万至533万年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="上新世">上新世（533万至258万年前）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em;background:rgb(249,249,127); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%B4%80" title="第四紀">第四紀<span style="font-weight:normal;">（258万年前至今）</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世">更新世（258万至1.17万年前）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="全新世">全新世（1.17万年前至今）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62100#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62100#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62100#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ordovician Geologic Period"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1353916/">FAST</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ordovicien"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119442931">法国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ordovicien"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119442931">BnF data</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4172743-5">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007537114305171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText 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