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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Majority_and_minority_parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Majority and minority parties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Majority_and_minority_parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Officers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Officers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Officers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Speaker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speaker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Speaker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speaker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Speaker_pro_tempore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speaker_pro_tempore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Speaker pro tempore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speaker_pro_tempore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Party leaders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-member_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-member_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Non-member officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-member_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Current composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Other organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Past_composition_of_the_House_of_Representatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_composition_of_the_House_of_Representatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Past composition of the House of Representatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_composition_of_the_House_of_Representatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambra_de_Representants_de_Puerto_Rico" title="Cambra de Representants de Puerto Rico – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cambra de Representants de Puerto Rico" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repr%C3%A4sentantenhaus_von_Puerto_Rico" title="Repräsentantenhaus von Puerto Rico – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Repräsentantenhaus von Puerto Rico" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico" title="Cámara de Representantes de Puerto Rico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cámara de Representantes de Puerto Rico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chambre_des_repr%C3%A9sentants_de_Porto_Rico" title="Chambre des représentants de Porto Rico – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chambre des représentants de Porto Rico" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%B8%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%ED%86%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94_%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C" title="푸에르토리코 행정의회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="푸에르토리코 행정의회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li 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searchaux" style="display:none">Lower house of the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; border-top: 2px solid #161687; border-bottom: 2px solid #161687"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</div> <br /><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Cámara de Representantes de Puerto Rico</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/31st_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Seal_of_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives.svg/170px-Seal_of_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Seal_of_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives.svg/255px-Seal_of_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Seal_of_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives.svg/340px-Seal_of_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #161687; border-bottom: 2px solid #161687">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></div> of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #161687; border-bottom: 2px solid #161687">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Johnny_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Carlos Johnny Méndez">Johnny Méndez</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="New Progressive Party (Puerto Rico)">PNP</a>) <br />since January 2, 2025 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker pro tempore</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Angel_Pe%C3%B1a_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Angel Peña Ramírez">Angel Peña Ramírez</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="New Progressive Party (Puerto Rico)">PNP</a>) <br />since January 2, 2025 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Majority Leader</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Pichy_Torres_Zamora" title="José Pichy Torres Zamora">José Pichy Torres Zamora</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="New Progressive Party (Puerto Rico)">PNP</a>) <br />since January 2, 2025 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Minority Leader</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9ctor_Ferrer_Santiago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Héctor Ferrer Santiago (page does not exist)">Héctor Ferrer Santiago</a> (<a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">PDP</a>) <br />since January 2, 2025 </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #161687; border-bottom: 2px solid #161687">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">51</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:31%C2%AA_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico_(actualizado_al_4_de_mayo).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/31%C2%AA_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico_%28actualizado_al_4_de_mayo%29.svg/250px-31%C2%AA_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico_%28actualizado_al_4_de_mayo%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/31%C2%AA_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico_%28actualizado_al_4_de_mayo%29.svg/375px-31%C2%AA_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico_%28actualizado_al_4_de_mayo%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/31%C2%AA_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico_%28actualizado_al_4_de_mayo%29.svg/500px-31%C2%AA_C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Puerto_Rico_%28actualizado_al_4_de_mayo%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FE0700; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">PDP</a> (24)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#000090; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Partido_Nuevo_Progresista" class="mw-redirect" title="Partido Nuevo Progresista">PNP</a> (21)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#CFB53B; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Movimiento_Victoria_Ciudadana" title="Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana">MVC</a> (2)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#008000; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Partido_Independentista_Puertorrique%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño">PIP</a> (1)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#02B7EB; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Proyecto_Dignidad" title="Proyecto Dignidad">PD</a> (1)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#808080; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Ind.</a> (1)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Vacant" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacant">Vacant</a> (1)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #161687; border-bottom: 2px solid #161687">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post" class="mw-redirect" title="First-past-the-post">First-past-the-post</a> for 40 <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_representative_districts" title="Puerto Rico representative districts">electoral districts</a> seats and <a href="/wiki/Single_non-transferable_vote" title="Single non-transferable vote">Single non-transferable vote</a> for 11 <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> seats</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2020_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives_election" title="2020 Puerto Rico House of Representatives election">3 November 2020</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Next election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2024_Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives_election" title="2024 Puerto Rico House of Representatives election">5 November 2024</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #161687; border-bottom: 2px solid #161687">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label"><a href="/wiki/Capitol_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Capitol of Puerto Rico">Capitol of Puerto Rico</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #161687; border-bottom: 2px solid #161687">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.camara.pr.gov/">camara.pr.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Politics of Puerto Rico">Politics of Puerto Rico</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/130px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/195px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/260px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="1239" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Law of Puerto Rico">law</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">United States Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Law of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico law</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Executive branch of the government of Puerto Rico">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Cabinet">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Chief_of_Staff" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Chief of Staff">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_departments_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive departments of the government of Puerto Rico">Executive departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_fiscal_agent_and_financing" title="Puerto Rico fiscal agent and financing">Fiscal agent and financing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_government-owned_corporations_of_Puerto_Rico" title="List of government-owned corporations of Puerto Rico">Government-owned corporations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_governmental_line_of_succession" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico governmental line of succession">Line of succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Office of the Governor of Puerto Rico">Office of the Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_government_transition_process" title="Puerto Rico government transition process">Transition process</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lady of Puerto Rico">First Lady</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative branch of the government of Puerto Rico">Legislative</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Legislature</a>: <a href="/wiki/17th_Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="17th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">17th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a>: <a href="/wiki/26th_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="26th Senate of Puerto Rico">26th Senate of Puerto Rico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="President of the Senate of Puerto Rico">President of the Senate</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rivera_Schatz" title="Thomas Rivera Schatz">Thomas Rivera Schatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="President pro tempore of the Senate of Puerto Rico">President pro tempore</a>: <a href="/wiki/Larry_Seilhamer_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Larry Seilhamer Rodríguez">Larry Seilhamer Rodríguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the Senate of Puerto Rico">Majority Leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Carmelo_R%C3%ADos_Santiago" title="Carmelo Ríos Santiago">Carmelo Ríos Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Assistant party leaders of the Senate of Puerto Rico">Majority Whip</a>: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Chayanne_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Ángel Chayanne Martínez">Ángel Chayanne Martínez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the Senate of Puerto Rico">Minority Leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Bhatia" title="Eduardo Bhatia">Eduardo Bhatia</a>; <a href="/wiki/Juan_Dalmau" title="Juan Dalmau">Juan Dalmau</a>; <a href="/wiki/Vargas_Vidot" title="Vargas Vidot">Vargas Vidot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Assistant party leaders of the Senate of Puerto Rico">Minority Whip</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Dalmau" title="José Luis Dalmau">José Luis Dalmau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives</a>: <a href="/wiki/30th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="30th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">30th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker</a>: <a href="/wiki/Johnny_M%C3%A9ndez" class="mw-redirect" title="Johnny Méndez">Johnny Méndez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker pro tempore</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Torres_Zamora" class="mw-redirect" title="José Torres Zamora">José Torres Zamora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Majority Leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Aguil%C3%B3" title="Gabriel Rodríguez Aguiló">Gabriel Rodríguez Aguiló</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Majority Whip</a>: <a href="/wiki/Urayo%C3%A1n_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Urayoán Hernández">Urayoán Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Minority Leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tatito_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Tatito Hernández">Tatito Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Minority Whip</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Luis_Cruz" title="Ramón Luis Cruz">Ramón Luis Cruz</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Judiciary of Puerto Rico">Judicial</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Supreme Court of Puerto Rico">Supreme Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Elections</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Elections in Puerto Rico">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Puerto_Rico" title="List of political parties in Puerto Rico">Political parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico">New Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">Popular Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Independence_Party" title="Puerto Rican Independence Party">Puerto Rican Independence Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movimiento_Victoria_Ciudadana" title="Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana">Citizen's Victory Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proyecto_Dignidad" title="Proyecto Dignidad">Proyect Dignity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Political party strength in Puerto Rico">Political party strength</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Municipalities of Puerto Rico">Municipalities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayors_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Mayors in Puerto Rico">Mayors in Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Municipalities of Puerto Rico">Municipalities of Puerto Rico</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Federal relations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal representation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resident_commissioner_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Resident commissioner of Puerto Rico">Resident commissioner of Puerto Rico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jenniffer_Gonz%C3%A1lez-Col%C3%B3n" title="Jenniffer González-Colón">Jenniffer González-Colón</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico">PNP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_Cases" title="Insular Cases">Insular Cases</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Political status of Puerto Rico">Political status</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Political status of Puerto Rico">Current status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_political_status_for_Puerto_Rico" title="Proposed political status for Puerto Rico">Proposed political status</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sovereigntism_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Sovereigntism (Puerto Rico)">Sovereigntism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_movement_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Independence movement in Puerto Rico">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_statehood_movement" title="Puerto Rico statehood movement">Statehood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Status_quo_movement_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Status quo movement in Puerto Rico">Status quo</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Politics of the United States">Politics of the United States</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Template:Politics of Puerto Rico"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Template talk:Politics of Puerto Rico"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Puerto Rico"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Cámara de Representantes de Puerto Rico</i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">lower house</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">bicameral</a> <a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">territorial legislature</a> of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>. The House, together with <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">the Senate</a>, control the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative branch of the government of Puerto Rico">legislative branch of the government of Puerto Rico</a>. </p><p>The structure and responsibilities of the House are defined in <a href="/wiki/Article_III_of_the_Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Article III of the Constitution of Puerto Rico">Article III of the Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>, which vests all legislative power in the Legislative Assembly.<sup id="cite_ref-article-3-section-1-constitution_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-article-3-section-1-constitution-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every <a href="/wiki/Bill_(law)" title="Bill (law)">bill</a> must be passed by the Senate and by the House, and signed by <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">the governor</a> in order to become law.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The House has exclusive power to initiate <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment in the United States">impeachments</a> and bring an <a href="/wiki/Indictment" title="Indictment">indictment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The constitution also establishes that the appointment of the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of State of Puerto Rico">Secretary of State</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Comptroller of Puerto Rico">Comptroller</a> require the <a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">advice and consent</a> of the House, with all other appointments confirmed by the Senate alone.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Financially, all bills for <a href="/wiki/Budget_of_the_Government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Budget of the Government of Puerto Rico">raising revenue</a> must originate in the House.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Structurally, the House is normally composed of 51 members. Forty are elected from <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Representative_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Representative districts">single-member districts</a> across the commonwealth (with one representative per district), elected through Single-member <a href="/wiki/Plurality_voting" title="Plurality voting">Plurality</a> while 11 are elected <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> through <a href="/wiki/Single_non-transferable_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Single non-transferable voting">Single non-transferable voting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-increased-house_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-increased-house-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The House has been meeting since 1900, after the enactment of the <a href="/wiki/Foraker_Act" title="Foraker Act">Foraker Act</a> established the body formally.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The House of Representatives, along with its members and staff, is housed in the western half of the <a href="/wiki/Capitol_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Capitol of Puerto Rico">Capitol of Puerto Rico</a>, namely in the Ernesto Ramos Antonini House Annex Building, the Antonio R. Barceló Building, and the Luis A. Ferré Building. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Created in 1900 as the House of Delegates under the <a href="/wiki/Foraker_Act" title="Foraker Act">Foraker Act</a>, the lower body of the Puerto Rico Legislative Assembly was the only elected body until the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a> was created in 1917 under the <a href="/wiki/Jones-Shafroth_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Jones-Shafroth Act">Jones-Shafroth Act</a>, then creating a <a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">bicameral</a> legislature. </p><p>The House of Delegates was controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Puerto_Rico_(1903)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of Puerto Rico (1903)">Republican Party</a> from its creation in 1900 through 1904. In January 1905, the House switched to control by the <a href="/wiki/Union_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Party of Puerto Rico">Union Party</a>, which would remain in power until 1924. A coalition of the Republican Party and <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party of Puerto Rico">Socialist Party of Puerto Rico</a> controlled the House until 1944, save for a brief period from 1941 to 1943 of the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico">Popular Democratic Party</a>. </p><p>After the Popular Democratic Party's landslide victory in 1944, that party controlled the House until 1969, when the <a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico">New Progressive Party</a> won the House and the governorship, but not the Senate, creating Puerto Rico's first split government. <a href="/wiki/Angel_Viera_Mart%C3%ADnez" class="mw-redirect" title="Angel Viera Martínez">Ángel Viera Martínez</a>, a former prosecutor and freshman representative from San Juan, was elected to the first of three stints as Speaker. </p><p>In 1973, the Popular Democratic Party reacquired control of the House but was ousted as the majority party in the 1976 elections, won by the New Progressive Party. Viera Martínez was elected in 1977, to his second stint as Speaker. </p><p>As a result of the 1980 elections, the New Progressive Party had won 26 seats and the Popular Democratic Party 25, but the latter challenged the results of the 35th Representative District, creating a tie with each party holding 25 seats, pending the final results of that district.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the new House in 1981 was tied, it was unable to elect a Speaker, as required, by an absolute majority. To complicate matters, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram%C3%B3n_Mu%C3%B1iz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramón Muñiz (page does not exist)">Ramón Muñiz</a> (PDP-32nd District) died on the House floor in January 1981 and Representative-elect <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fernando_Tonos_Florenz%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fernando Tonos Florenzán (page does not exist)">Fernando Tonos Florenzán</a>'s election was invalidated due to him not having the Constitutionally required 25 years to serve in the House,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leaving the House with 25 New Progressives and 23 Popular Democrats. House Secretary <a href="/wiki/Cristino_Bernazard" title="Cristino Bernazard">Cristino Bernazard</a>, who normally would have presided over the House only until it elected its new Speaker in its inaugural session, became the first unelected Acting Speaker of the House. During Bernazard's incumbency, he appointed co-chairs to the House standing committees and required that all House decisions and legislation be approved by consensus. After some political wrangling, in what became known as the Viera-Colberg Pact, the House elected Viera Martínez once again as Speaker for the remainder of 1981 and maverick Popular Democratic Rep. Severo Colberg Ramírez as Speaker from 1982 until 1984. In late 1981, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Popular Democratic candidate in the 35th District, and with the Popular Democrats finally filling in the two vacancies they had, that party gained control of the House, with a majority of 26. </p><p>Even though the Popular Democratic Party retained the House in the 1984 general elections, Colberg decided to comply with a party commitment and endorse a new Speaker, <a href="/wiki/Jose_Ronaldo_Jarabo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Ronaldo Jarabo">José Ronaldo "Rony" Jarabo</a> who served as Speaker from 1985 to 1992. Jarabo was defeated in a primary in 1992, and as the New Progressive Party won the 1992 general elections, he was succeeded by the first woman Speaker, Zaida Hernandez Torres, who served until 1996, when she left the House to run for Mayor of San Juan. </p><p>Hernandez's <a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_Tempore" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro Tempore">Speaker pro Tempore</a>, Edison Misla Aldarondo, became Speaker in 1997. After he left office in 2000, he was convicted of corruption charges in federal and state courts. He was succeeded in office by <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Vizcarrondo" title="Carlos Vizcarrondo">Carlos Vizcarrondo</a> during the 2001–2004 term. </p><p>In 2005, as a Popular Democratic governor took office, the New Progressive Party controlled the Senate and the House, and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Aponte_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="José Aponte Hernández">José Aponte Hernández</a>, a loyalist of former Governor <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Rossell%C3%B3" title="Pedro Rosselló">Pedro Rosselló</a>, was elected as Speaker of the House. In addition to the tension with the executive branch, Aponte's term was tinged with greater-than-average tension with the Senate, in which his support for Rossello's bid to oust Senate President <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McClintock" title="Kenneth McClintock">Kenneth McClintock</a>, whom he called a "traitor" to his party, took him to lead over 20 New Progressive representatives to converge on the Senate floor in opposition to McClintock's permanence as Senate President, considered by many the all-time historical low-point in Senate–House relations. </p><p>Aponte was defeated for re-election as Speaker in the House caucus held after the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_general_election,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican general election, 2008">2008 general elections</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jenniffer_Gonz%C3%A1lez" class="mw-redirect" title="Jenniffer González">Jenniffer A. González Colón</a> became the Speaker, taking office on 12 January 2009. </p><p>The current Speaker, as of 2021, is <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Monta%C3%B1ez" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafael Hernández Montañez">Rafael Hernández Montañez</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functions">Functions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The House of Representatives, along with the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate of Puerto Rico</a>, are in charge of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative power">legislative power</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Government of Puerto Rico">Government of Puerto Rico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The House has exclusive power to initiate <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment in the United States">impeachment</a> proceedings and, with the concurrence of two-thirds of the total number of members of which it is composed, to bring an <a href="/wiki/Indictment" title="Indictment">indictment</a>. The Constitution also establishes that all bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House. The appointment of the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of State of Puerto Rico">Secretary of State</a> shall in addition require the advice and consent of the House. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Qualifications">Qualifications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Qualifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Article III of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a> states that no person can be a member of the House of Representatives unless the candidate:<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>is capable of reading and writing in either Spanish or English;</li> <li>is a citizen of the United States;</li> <li>is a citizen of Puerto Rico;</li> <li>has resided in Puerto Rico for at least two years immediately prior to the date of his election or appointment; and,</li> <li>is over twenty-five years of age.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_representative_districts" title="Puerto Rico representative districts">Puerto Rico representative districts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Elections in Puerto Rico">Elections in Puerto Rico</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Structure-of-the-house-of-representatives-of-puerto-rico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Structure-of-the-house-of-representatives-of-puerto-rico.svg/300px-Structure-of-the-house-of-representatives-of-puerto-rico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Structure-of-the-house-of-representatives-of-puerto-rico.svg/450px-Structure-of-the-house-of-representatives-of-puerto-rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Structure-of-the-house-of-representatives-of-puerto-rico.svg/600px-Structure-of-the-house-of-representatives-of-puerto-rico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2380" data-file-height="1081" /></a><figcaption>Structure of the House of Representatives <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Elections in Puerto Rico">for the purpose of elections</a>. Puerto Rico is divided into <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_representative_districts" title="Puerto Rico representative districts">forty (40) districts</a> with one representative per district. An additional eleven (11) representatives are elected <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a>. Both groups serve alongside each other with the same powers and rights.</figcaption></figure> <p>Elections to the House are held every four years on the <a href="/wiki/Election_day" title="Election day">Tuesday after the first Monday of November</a>, along with the elections for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">governor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Resident_Commissioner_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico">resident commissioner</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mayors_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayors of Puerto Rico">mayors</a>, and the municipal assemblies. <a href="/wiki/2020_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="2020 Puerto Rican general election">The last election</a> was held on 3 November 2020 where the members of the <a href="/wiki/31st_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a> <a href="/wiki/29th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="29th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a> were elected. <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_general_election,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican general election, 2016">The next election</a> is scheduled for 5 November 2024 where the members of the <a href="/wiki/30th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="30th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">30th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a> will be elected. Members of the House are elected for a four-years term. </p><p>Only <a href="/wiki/American_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="American citizen">American citizens</a> (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Political status of Puerto Rico">including Puerto Ricans</a>) that meet <u>all</u> the following requirements may vote for representatives: </p> <ul><li>must legally reside in Puerto Rico,</li> <li>must be at least 18 years old by the date of the election,</li> <li>must have been qualified by the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_State_Commission_on_Elections" title="Puerto Rico State Commission on Elections">Puerto Rico State Commission on Elections</a> before the election or on the very same day of the election after he presents himself to his nearest place of voting and shows proper documentation, and</li> <li>must have not been declared mentally incapacitated by court.</li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:District-electoral-structure-puerto-rico.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f9/District-electoral-structure-puerto-rico.png/300px-District-electoral-structure-puerto-rico.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f9/District-electoral-structure-puerto-rico.png/450px-District-electoral-structure-puerto-rico.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f9/District-electoral-structure-puerto-rico.png/600px-District-electoral-structure-puerto-rico.png 2x" data-file-width="879" data-file-height="879" /></a><figcaption>Structure of representative districts in Puerto Rico.</figcaption></figure> <p>Citizens cast their votes in colleges (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">colegios</i>) which are simply usually the nearest <a href="/wiki/State_school" title="State school">public school</a> to where the voter declared as residence. Votes are required by law to be cast in secret, unless the citizen has a physical impairment that does not allow him to. Those citizens unable to travel to colleges due to medical impairments may vote at their place of residence (homes, elder homes, etc.) or wherever they are convalescing (hospitals, clinics, etc.). In both of these extraordinary cases, officials from the Puerto Rico State Commission on Elections will provide aid so that the citizens can cast their vote—either by using verbal or non-verbal communication—with members from the different political parties required to observe the process in order to ensure accuracy, fairness, transparency, order, and legitimacy. </p><p>Ballots are redacted in both <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> regardless of whether English is an official language or not.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To elect the members of the House, Puerto Rico is divided into <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_representative_districts" title="Puerto Rico representative districts">forty (40) representative districts</a> that do not follow a particular pattern; they are strictly based on a similar number of inhabitants. These districts are in turn divided into one or more <a href="/wiki/Electoral_precinct" title="Electoral precinct">precincts</a>: an electoral division which, in turn, is constituted by colleges.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For each district, citizens may vote only for one candidate from the district in which they declared residence by <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post</a>. District representatives are expected to give priority to matters related to the district they represent but are not required to do so by law. </p><p>In addition, citizens are allowed to vote for one candidate <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> of their preference by <a href="/wiki/Single_non-transferable_vote" title="Single non-transferable vote">single non-transferable vote</a>. The eleven at-large candidates with the majority of votes serve as representatives at-large alongside the district representatives with the same powers and rights. Representatives at-large are expected to serve any individual or group but are not required to do so by law; they also serve as a mechanism for citizens who do not wish to channel their affairs through their district representative for whatever reason. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Term">Term</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Term"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Representatives serve terms of four years each. A member who has been elected, but not yet seated, is called a "representative-elect"; a member who has been appointed to a seat, but not yet seated, is called a "representative-designate". The Puerto Rico Constitution does not provide for term limits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salary_and_benefits">Salary and benefits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Salary and benefits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The annual <a href="/wiki/Salary" title="Salary">salary</a> for full-time work of each representative is $73,775 <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">USD</a> annually, except for the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker</a> which receives $110,663, and the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker pro tempore</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Majority and Minority Leaders</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Majority and Minority Whips</a>, and the presidents of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico_Commission_on_Government&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Representatives of Puerto Rico Commission on Government (page does not exist)">Commission on Government</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico_Commission_on_Treasury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Representatives of Puerto Rico Commission on Treasury (page does not exist)">Commission on Treasury</a> which receive $84,841 each.<sup id="cite_ref-act-no-24-of-2013_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-act-no-24-of-2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Representatives are allowed to generate additional income from outside their legislative employment subject to restrictions, and only the representatives which do not receive an annual salary are entitled to additional benefits such as <a href="/wiki/Per_diem" title="Per diem">per diem</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Car_allowance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Car allowance (page does not exist)">car allowance</a>. Costs associated to traveling outside of Puerto Rico is reimbursed.<sup id="cite_ref-act-no-24-of-2013_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-act-no-24-of-2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cost-of-living adjustments have been frozen since 2005.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> All representatives qualify for the same retirement and health benefits as of all other employees of the government of Puerto Rico. </p><p>In addition, all representatives are provided with office space, secretarial services, advisors, support personnel, office supplies, and stationery. Hiring of personnel working directly for each representative is at the discretion of each representative.<sup id="cite_ref-act-no-24-of-2013_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-act-no-24-of-2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather than providing these resources and services directly, representatives are instead assigned a budget from which they retrieve funds to cover such costs. Representatives that preside commissions are assigned larger budgets than those who do not, thus creating a difference between the budgets assigned to representatives from the party holding a majority in the House versus the ones in minority as majority representatives tend to be the ones who preside commissions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Majority_and_minority_parties">Majority and minority parties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Majority and minority parties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The "Majority party" is the <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a> that holds a majority of seats. The next-largest party is known as the minority party. The president <i>pro tempore</i>, committee chairs, and some other officials are generally from the majority party. </p><p>Section 9 of Article III of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a> states that should a Party control more than two-thirds of the seats in the House of Representatives, the losing candidates with the most percentage of votes will be given seats in the Legislature until the total of minority members reaches seventeen (17). In order to qualify to a Section 9 seat, the candidates must belong to a party that received a minimum number of votes in the General Elections of that year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Officers">Officers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The House is served by several officers with and without voting powers, and elected from within and outside its ranks. Of these, only the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker</a> was established by the Constitution; all other officers were established by internal rules adopted by each session of the House. Only the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker <i>pro tempore</i></a>, the <a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Majority and Minority Leaders</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Majority and Minority Whips</a> have voting powers as all are elected from within. Non-voting officers are elected from outside House ranks and simply assist in internal procedures and clerical tasks, and in the observance of internal rules, laws, and the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution</a>. Typical non-voting officers include the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Secretary</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sergeant-at-Arms_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Sergeant-at-Arms</a>, and other officers appointed by the different commissions as part of their own internal affairs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speaker">Speaker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Speaker"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker of the House</a> is the highest-ranking officer and the <a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">presiding officer</a> of the House. The post was created by <a href="/wiki/Article_III_of_the_Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Article III of the Constitution of Puerto Rico">Article III of the Constitution of Puerto Rico</a> which establishes that, "[...]the House of Representatives [shall elect] a Speaker from among [its] members." The Speaker is substituted by the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker <i>pro tempore</i></a> in his absence. Its counterpart in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a> is the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="President of the Senate of Puerto Rico">President</a>. </p><p>The current Speaker is <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Johnny_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Carlos Johnny Méndez">Carlos Johnny Méndez</a>, representative <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Representative_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Representative districts">District 36</a> from the <a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="New Progressive Party (Puerto Rico)">New Progressive Party</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speaker_pro_tempore">Speaker pro tempore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Speaker pro tempore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker <i>pro tempore</i></a> is the second-highest-ranking officer of the House of Representatives and substitutes the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker of the House</a> in his absence. Its counterpart in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a> is the <a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="President pro tempore of the Senate of Puerto Rico">President pro tempore</a>. </p><p>The current Speaker <i>pro tempore</i> is <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_%22Conny%22_Varela" class="mw-redirect" title="José "Conny" Varela">José "Conny" Varela</a>, representative at-large from the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">PDP</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_leaders">Party leaders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Party leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a></div> <p>Each party elects floor leaders denominated "Majority leader" or "Minority leader", accordingly, as well as a "Majority Whip" or a "Minority Whip". Floor leaders act as the party chief spokespeople. The current leaders are Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Matos_Garc%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ángel Matos García">Ángel Matos García</a>, Majority Whip <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Rivera_Ruiz_de_Porras" title="Roberto Rivera Ruiz de Porras">Roberto Rivera Ruiz de Porras</a>, and Minority Leaders are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_%22Johnny%22_M%C3%A9ndez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos "Johnny" Méndez (page does not exist)">Carlos "Johnny" Méndez</a> (PNP), <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Nogales_Molinelli" title="Mariana Nogales Molinelli">Mariana Nogales Molinelli</a> (MVC), <a href="/wiki/Denis_M%C3%A1rquez_Lebr%C3%B3n" title="Denis Márquez Lebrón">Denis Márquez Lebrón</a> (PIP), and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisie_Burgos_Mu%C3%B1iz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisie Burgos Muñiz (page does not exist)">Lisie Burgos Muñiz</a> (PD). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-member_officers">Non-member officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Non-member officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The House is served by several officials who are not members. </p><p>The Senate's chief administrative officer is the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Secretary of the House</a>, who maintains public records, disburses salaries, monitors the acquisition of stationery and supplies, and oversees clerks.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Secretary automatically presides over the House in the interim, once the term of the incumbent Speaker is finished, but before the House elects a new Speaker. </p><p>Another official is the <a href="/wiki/Sergeant-at-Arms_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Sergeant-at-Arms of the House</a> who maintains order and security on the Senate premises as the Senate's chief law enforcement officer. </p><p>This officers are elected by the Senate, usually during its inaugural session, immediately after the election of the body's. The current Secretary is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Stuart_Villanueva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Stuart Villanueva (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Stuart Villanueva</a> while the current Sergeant-At-Arms is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Tallaboa_Collazo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Tallaboa Collazo (page does not exist)">Henry Tallaboa Collazo</a>. <span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_A._Torres" title="Manuel A. Torres">Manuel A. Torres</a> is the only Secretary in history to have served under two House Presidents.</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="(November 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles"><span title="The material near this tag may contain information that is not relevant to the article's main topic. (November 2012)">relevant?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_composition">Current composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Current composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/31st_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a></div> <p>The current session is the <a href="/wiki/31st_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">lower house</a> of the <a href="/wiki/19th_Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="19th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">19th Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico</a>, which will meet from 2 January 2021, to 1 January 2025. Members were elected in the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_general_election,_2020" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican general election, 2020">general elections of 2020</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Majority" title="Majority">simple majority</a> coming from the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)</a> (PDP).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li>District 1: <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Charbonier_Chinea" title="Eddie Charbonier Chinea">Eddie Charbonier Chinea</a></li> <li>District 2: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Ra%C3%BAl_Torres" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Raúl Torres">Luis Raúl Torres</a></li> <li>District 3: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="José Hernández Concepción">José Hernández Concepción</a></li> <li>District 4: <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Par%C3%A9s" title="Víctor Parés">Víctor Parés</a></li> <li>District 5: <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Navarro_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Jorge Navarro Suárez">Jorge Navarro Suárez</a></li> <li>District 6: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Morey_Noble" title="Ángel Morey Noble">Ángel Morey Noble</a></li> <li>District 7: <a href="/wiki/Luis_P%C3%A9rez_Ort%C3%ADz" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Pérez Ortíz">Luis Pérez Ortíz</a></li> <li>District 8: <a href="/wiki/Yashira_Lebr%C3%B3n_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Yashira Lebrón Rodríguez">Yashira Lebrón Rodríguez</a></li> <li>District 9: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Er_Yazzer_Morales_D%C3%ADaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Er Yazzer Morales Díaz (page does not exist)">Er Yazzer Morales Díaz</a></li> <li>District 10: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deborah_Soto_Arroyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deborah Soto Arroyo (page does not exist)">Deborah Soto Arroyo</a></li> <li>District 11: <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Monta%C3%B1ez" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafael Hernández Montañez">Rafael "Tatito" Hernández</a></li> <li>District 12: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edgardo_Feliciano_S%C3%A1nchez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edgardo Feliciano Sánchez (page does not exist)">Edgardo Feliciano Sánchez</a></li> <li>District 13: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Aguil%C3%B3" title="Gabriel Rodríguez Aguiló">Gabriel Rodríguez Aguiló</a></li> <li>District 14: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_O._Gonz%C3%A1lez_Mercado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José O. González Mercado (page does not exist)">José O. González Mercado</a></li> <li>District 15: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_I._Franqui_Atiles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joel I. Franqui Atiles (page does not exist)">Joel I. Franqui Atiles</a></li> <li>District 16: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eladio_J._Cardona_Quiles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eladio J. Cardona Quiles (page does not exist)">Eladio J. Cardona Quiles</a></li> <li>District 17: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilson_Rom%C3%A1n_L%C3%B3pez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilson Román López (page does not exist)">Wilson Román López</a></li> <li>District 18: <a href="/wiki/Jessie_Cort%C3%A9s_Ramos" title="Jessie Cortés Ramos">Jessie Cortés Ramos</a></li> <li>District 19: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jocelyne_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Negr%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jocelyne Rodríguez Negrón (page does not exist)">Jocelyne Rodríguez Negrón</a></li> <li>District 20: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kebin_Maldonado_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kebin Maldonado Martínez (page does not exist)">Kebin Maldonado Martínez</a></li> <li>District 21: <a href="/wiki/Lydia_M%C3%A9ndez_Silva" title="Lydia Méndez Silva">Lydia Méndez Silva</a></li> <li>District 22: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jorge_Alfredo_Rivera_Segarra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jorge Alfredo Rivera Segarra (page does not exist)">Jorge Alfredo Rivera Segarra</a></li> <li>District 23: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_H._Rivera_Madera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José H. Rivera Madera (page does not exist)">José H. Rivera Madera</a></li> <li>District 24: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_A._Fourquet_Cordero" title="Ángel A. Fourquet Cordero">Ángel A. Fourquet Cordero</a></li> <li>District 25: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Domingo_J._Torres_Garc%C3%ADa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domingo J. Torres García (page does not exist)">Domingo J. Torres García</a></li> <li>District 26: <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Aponte_Rosario" title="Orlando Aponte Rosario">Orlando Aponte Rosario</a></li> <li>District 27: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estrella_Mart%C3%ADnez_Soto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estrella Martínez Soto (page does not exist)">Estrella Martínez Soto</a></li> <li>District 28: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_J._Santiago_Nieves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan J. Santiago Nieves (page does not exist)">Juan J. Santiago Nieves</a></li> <li>District 29: <a href="/wiki/Gretchen_Hau" title="Gretchen Hau">Gretchen Hau</a></li> <li>District 30: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Ort%C3%ADz_Lugo" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Ortíz Lugo">Luis «Narmito» Ortiz Lugo</a></li> <li>District 31: <a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Santa_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Jesús Santa Rodríguez">Jesús Santa Rodríguez</a></li> <li>District 32: <a href="/wiki/Conny_Varela" title="Conny Varela">José Manuel «Conny» Varela Fernández</a></li> <li>District 33: <a href="/wiki/Angel_Pe%C3%B1a_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Angel Peña Ramírez">Ángel Peña Ramírez</a></li> <li>District 34: <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Luis_Cruz" title="Ramón Luis Cruz">Ramón Luis Cruz Burgos</a></li> <li>District 35: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sol_Y._Higgins_Cuadrado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sol Y. Higgins Cuadrado (page does not exist)">Sol Y. Higgins Cuadrado</a></li> <li>District 36: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_J._M%C3%A9ndez_Nu%C3%B1ez" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos J. Méndez Nuñez">Carlos "Johnny" Méndez</a></li> <li>District 37: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Buler%C3%ADn" title="Ángel Bulerín">Ángel Bulerín</a></li> <li>District 38: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wanda_del_Valle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wanda del Valle (page does not exist)">Wanda del Valle</a></li> <li>District 39: <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Rivera_Ruiz_de_Porras" title="Roberto Rivera Ruiz de Porras">Roberto Rivera Ruiz</a></li> <li>District 40: <a href="/wiki/Angel_Matos_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Angel Matos García">Angel Matos García</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">At-large</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9ctor_Ferrer_Santiago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Héctor Ferrer Santiago (page does not exist)">Héctor Ferrer Santiago</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Manuel_Ortiz_Gonz%C3%A1lez" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesús Manuel Ortiz González">Jesús Manuel Ortiz González</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Aponte_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="José Aponte Hernández">José Aponte Hernández</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Pichy_Torres_Zamora" title="José Pichy Torres Zamora">José Pichy Torres Zamora</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Kikito_Mel%C3%A9ndez" class="mw-redirect" title="José Kikito Meléndez">José "Quiquito" Meléndez</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_P%C3%A9rez_Cordero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Pérez Cordero (page does not exist)">«Che» Pérez Cordero</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_de_Lourdes_Ramos_Rivera" title="María de Lourdes Ramos Rivera">María de Lourdes Ramos Rivera</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bernardo_M%C3%A1rquez" title="José Bernardo Márquez">José Bernardo Márquez</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Nogales_Molinelli" title="Mariana Nogales Molinelli">Mariana Nogales Molinelli</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/wiki/Denis_M%C3%A1rquez_Lebr%C3%B3n" title="Denis Márquez Lebrón">Denis Márquez Lebrón</a></li> <li>At-large: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisie_J._Burgos_Mu%C3%B1iz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisie J. Burgos Muñiz (page does not exist)">Lisie J. Burgos Muñiz</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_organizations">Other organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Other organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This section has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Special:EditPage/House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Talk:House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about the <a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Comptroller of Puerto Rico">Comptroller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Commission_on_Civil_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Commission on Civil Rights">Commission on Civil Rights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Ombudsman" title="Puerto Rico Ombudsman">Ombudsman</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Superintendency_of_the_Capitol_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superintendency of the Capitol of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">Superintendency of the Capitol</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Talk:House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about how the aforementioned organizations are part of <a href="/wiki/Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative branch of the government of Puerto Rico">the legislative branch</a> but not part of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Legislative Assembly</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Talk:House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about how the aforementioned organizations work in unison with the House.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Talk:House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Office_of_Legislative_Services" title="Puerto Rico Office of Legislative Services">Office of Legislative Services</a> was headed in early 2009 by Kevin Rivera, while Eliezer Velázquez currently serves as Superintendent of the Capitol, the first to serve during two four-year terms. </p><p>The Puerto Rico Legislative Assembly also receives support services from the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a> (CSG), CSG's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Regional_Conference&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern Regional Conference (page does not exist)">Eastern Regional Conference</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Conference_of_State_Legislatures" title="National Conference of State Legislatures">National Conference of State Legislatures</a> (NCSL) and the <a href="/wiki/National_Hispanic_Caucus_of_State_Legislators" title="National Hispanic Caucus of State Legislators">National Hispanic Caucus of State Legislators</a> (NHCSL). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_composition_of_the_House_of_Representatives">Past composition of the House of Representatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Past composition of the House of Representatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Political party strength in Puerto Rico">Political party strength in Puerto Rico</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="List of female members of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">List of female members of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-increased-house-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-increased-house_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The House can increase its number of representatives when in a general election more than two-thirds of the members of the House are elected from one political party or from a single ticket.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">English has been removed as an official language several times throughout Puerto Rico's modern history, but ballots must be redacted in English too regardless.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-article-3-section-1-constitution-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-article-3-section-1-constitution_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 1"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 25 July 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+1&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 19"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 25 July 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+19&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 21"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 25 July 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+21&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_IV_THE_EXECUTIVE">"Article IV, Section 5"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 25 July 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+IV%2C+Section+5&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_IV_THE_EXECUTIVE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 22"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 25 July 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+22&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 17"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 25 July 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+17&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 7,"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 25 July 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+7%2C&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress#Public_law,_private_law,_designation" title="Act of Congress"><abbr title="Public Law">Pub. L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uslaw.link/citation/us-law/public/56/191">56–191</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>PDP</i> v. <i>Barreto Pérez</i>, 119 DPR 199 (1981).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Nogueras</i> v. <i>Tonos Florenzán</i>, 110 DPR 356 (1980) and <i>Tonos Florenzán</i> v. <i>Bernazard</i>, 111 DPR 546 (1981).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexjuris.com/lexprcont.htm">Constitución de Puerto Rico</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111114003340/http://www.lexjuris.com/lexprcont.htm">Archived</a> 14 November 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on LexJuris</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexjuris.com/lexprcont.htm">Constitution of Puerto Rico in LexJuris.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111114003340/http://www.lexjuris.com/lexprcont.htm">Archived</a> 14 November 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ramajudicial.pr/leyes/constitucion/articulo3-3.htm">Distritos senatoriales y representativos; senadores y representantes por acumulación</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140309124503/http://www.ramajudicial.pr/leyes/constitucion/articulo3-3.htm">Archived</a> 9 March 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on RamaJudicial.PR</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-act-no-24-of-2013-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-act-no-24-of-2013_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-act-no-24-of-2013_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-act-no-24-of-2013_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oslpr.org/2013-2016/leyes/pdf/ley-24-29-May-2013.pdf">24</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). 29 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=24&rft.date=2013-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oslpr.org%2F2013-2016%2Fleyes%2Fpdf%2Fley-24-29-May-2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senadopr.us/secretaria/Pages/default.aspx">Secretaría del Senado de Puerto Rico</a> on SenadoPR</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tucamarapr.org/dnncamara/web/Inicio.aspx#rep">"COMPOSICION DE LA CAMARA"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=COMPOSICION+DE+LA+CAMARA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tucamarapr.org%2Fdnncamara%2Fweb%2FInicio.aspx%23rep&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.camara.pr.gov/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169652#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/camaraconpr">House of Representatives of Puerto Rico</a> on <a href="/wiki/Facebook_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook (identifier)">Facebook</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico_by_session" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico_by_session" title="Template:House of Representatives of Puerto Rico by session"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico_by_session" title="Template talk:House of Representatives of Puerto Rico by session"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico_by_session" title="Special:EditPage/Template:House of Representatives of Puerto Rico by session"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico_by_session" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives of Puerto Rico by session</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">1st (1901)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">2nd (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">3rd (1909)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">4th (1913)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">5th (1917)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">6th (1921)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">7th (1925)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">8th (1929)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">9th (1933)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">10th (1937)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">11th (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">12th (1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">13th (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">14th (1953)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=15th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">15th (1957)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=16th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="16th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">16th (1961)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=17th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="17th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">17th (1965)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=18th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="18th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">18th (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=19th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="19th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">19th (1973)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=20th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="20th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">20th (1977)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=21st_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="21st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">21st (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=22nd_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="22nd House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">22nd (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=23rd_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="23rd House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">23rd (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=24th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="24th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">24th (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">25th (1997)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=26th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="26th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">26th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="27th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">27th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="28th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">28th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="29th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">29th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="30th House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">30th (2017)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/31st_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="31st House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">31st (2021)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li 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Rico</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Commission_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Civil Rights Commission (Puerto Rico)">Civil Rights Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Comptroller of Puerto Rico">Comptroller</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Office_of_Legislative_Services" title="Puerto Rico Office of Legislative Services">Office of Legislative Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Ombudsman" title="Puerto Rico Ombudsman">Ombudsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Superintendency_of_the_Capitol_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superintendency of the Capitol of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">Superintendency of the Capitol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legislatures_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_legislatures" title="Template:United States legislatures"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_legislatures" title="Template talk:United States legislatures"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_legislatures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States legislatures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legislatures_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">Legislatures of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">State legislatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Legislature" title="Alabama Legislature">Alabama</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alabama_House_of_Representatives" title="Alabama House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alabama_Senate" title="Alabama Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alaska_State_Legislature" title="Alaska State Legislature">Alaska</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alaska_House_of_Representatives" title="Alaska House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alaska_State_Senate" title="Alaska State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Legislature" title="Arizona State Legislature">Arizona</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arizona_House_of_Representatives" title="Arizona House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Senate" title="Arizona Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">Arkansas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arkansas_House_of_Representatives" title="Arkansas House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Senate" title="Arkansas Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/California_State_Legislature" title="California State Legislature">California</a> (<a href="/wiki/California_State_Assembly" title="California State Assembly">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_State_Senate" title="California State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colorado_General_Assembly" title="Colorado General Assembly">Colorado</a> (<a href="/wiki/Colorado_House_of_Representatives" title="Colorado House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Senate" title="Colorado Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_General_Assembly" title="Connecticut General Assembly">Connecticut</a> (<a href="/wiki/Connecticut_House_of_Representatives" title="Connecticut House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_State_Senate" title="Connecticut State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Delaware_General_Assembly" title="Delaware General Assembly">Delaware</a> (<a href="/wiki/Delaware_House_of_Representatives" title="Delaware House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delaware_Senate" title="Delaware Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Florida_Legislature" title="Florida Legislature">Florida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Florida_House_of_Representatives" title="Florida House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida_Senate" title="Florida Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly" title="Georgia General Assembly">Georgia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Georgia_House_of_Representatives" title="Georgia House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_State_Senate" title="Georgia State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Legislature" title="Hawaii State Legislature">Hawaii</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hawaii_House_of_Representatives" title="Hawaii House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate" title="Hawaii Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Legislature" title="Idaho Legislature">Idaho</a> (<a href="/wiki/Idaho_House_of_Representatives" title="Idaho House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idaho_Senate" title="Idaho Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Illinois_General_Assembly" title="Illinois General Assembly">Illinois</a> (<a href="/wiki/Illinois_House_of_Representatives" title="Illinois House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate" title="Illinois Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indiana_General_Assembly" title="Indiana General Assembly">Indiana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indiana_House_of_Representatives" title="Indiana House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Senate" title="Indiana Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Iowa_General_Assembly" title="Iowa General Assembly">Iowa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iowa_House_of_Representatives" title="Iowa House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iowa_Senate" title="Iowa Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Legislature" title="Kansas Legislature">Kansas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kansas_House_of_Representatives" title="Kansas House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kansas_Senate" title="Kansas Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_General_Assembly" title="Kentucky General Assembly">Kentucky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky_House_of_Representatives" title="Kentucky House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Legislature" title="Louisiana State Legislature">Louisiana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Louisiana_House_of_Representatives" title="Louisiana House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Senate" title="Louisiana State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maine_Legislature" title="Maine Legislature">Maine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maine_House_of_Representatives" title="Maine House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maine_Senate" title="Maine Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_General_Assembly" title="Maryland General Assembly">Maryland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Court" title="Massachusetts General Court">Massachusetts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_House_of_Representatives" title="Massachusetts House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Senate" title="Massachusetts Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Legislature" title="Michigan Legislature">Michigan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Michigan_House_of_Representatives" title="Michigan House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Senate" title="Michigan Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Legislature" title="Minnesota Legislature">Minnesota</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minnesota_House_of_Representatives" title="Minnesota House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Senate" title="Minnesota Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Legislature" title="Mississippi Legislature">Mississippi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mississippi_House_of_Representatives" title="Mississippi House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_State_Senate" title="Mississippi State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Missouri_General_Assembly" title="Missouri General Assembly">Missouri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Missouri_House_of_Representatives" title="Missouri House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Senate" title="Missouri Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Montana_Legislature" title="Montana Legislature">Montana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Montana_House_of_Representatives" title="Montana House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana_Senate" title="Montana Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Legislature" title="Nebraska Legislature">Nebraska</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Legislature" title="Nevada Legislature">Nevada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nevada_Assembly" title="Nevada Assembly">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada_Senate" title="Nevada Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_General_Court" title="New Hampshire General Court">New Hampshire</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_House_of_Representatives" title="New Hampshire House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Senate" title="New Hampshire Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Legislature" title="New Jersey Legislature">New Jersey</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_General_Assembly" title="New Jersey General Assembly">GA</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Senate" title="New Jersey Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Legislature" title="New Mexico Legislature">New Mexico</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_House_of_Representatives" title="New Mexico House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Senate" title="New Mexico Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Legislature" title="New York State Legislature">New York</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Assembly" title="New York State Assembly">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Senate" title="New York State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_General_Assembly" title="North Carolina General Assembly">North Carolina</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_House_of_Representatives" title="North Carolina House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Senate" title="North Carolina Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Legislative_Assembly" title="North Dakota Legislative Assembly">North Dakota</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="North Dakota House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Senate" title="North Dakota Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ohio_General_Assembly" title="Ohio General Assembly">Ohio</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ohio_House_of_Representatives" title="Ohio House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio_Senate" title="Ohio Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Legislature" title="Oklahoma Legislature">Oklahoma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_House_of_Representatives" title="Oklahoma House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Senate" title="Oklahoma Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Legislative_Assembly" title="Oregon Legislative Assembly">Oregon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oregon_House_of_Representatives" title="Oregon House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon_State_Senate" title="Oregon State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_General_Assembly" title="Pennsylvania General Assembly">Pennsylvania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_House_of_Representatives" title="Pennsylvania House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_Senate" title="Pennsylvania State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_General_Assembly" title="Rhode Island General Assembly">Rhode Island</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_House_of_Representatives" title="Rhode Island House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Senate" title="Rhode Island Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_General_Assembly" title="South Carolina General Assembly">South Carolina</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_House_of_Representatives" title="South Carolina House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Senate" title="South Carolina Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Legislature" title="South Dakota Legislature">South Dakota</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="South Dakota House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Senate" title="South Dakota Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_General_Assembly" title="Tennessee General Assembly">Tennessee</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tennessee_House_of_Representatives" title="Tennessee House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Senate" title="Tennessee Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislature" title="Texas Legislature">Texas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Texas_House_of_Representatives" title="Texas House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate" title="Texas Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Utah_State_Legislature" title="Utah State Legislature">Utah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Utah_House_of_Representatives" title="Utah House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah_State_Senate" title="Utah State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vermont_General_Assembly" title="Vermont General Assembly">Vermont</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vermont_House_of_Representatives" title="Vermont House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vermont_Senate" title="Vermont Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virginia_General_Assembly" title="Virginia General Assembly">Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="Virginia House of Delegates">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Senate" title="Virginia Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Legislature" title="Washington State Legislature">Washington</a> (<a href="/wiki/Washington_House_of_Representatives" title="Washington House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Senate" title="Washington State Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Legislature" title="West Virginia Legislature">West Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="West Virginia House of Delegates">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Senate" title="West Virginia Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Legislature" title="Wisconsin Legislature">Wisconsin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_State_Assembly" title="Wisconsin State Assembly">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Senate" title="Wisconsin Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Legislature" title="Wyoming Legislature">Wyoming</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wyoming_House_of_Representatives" title="Wyoming House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Senate" title="Wyoming Senate">S</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures#Territorial_and_Federal_District_Legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">Other legislatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_Fono" title="American Samoa Fono">American Samoa</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_House_of_Representatives" title="American Samoa House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_Senate" title="American Samoa Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_Guam" title="Legislature of Guam">Guam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Commonwealth_Legislature" title="Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature">Northern Mariana Islands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_House_of_Representatives" title="Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Senate" title="Northern Mariana Islands Senate">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">S</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Legislature of the Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:State_legislature_elections_in_the_United_States" title="Category:State legislature elections in the United States">Legislative elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2000 United States state legislative elections">2000</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2001 United States state legislative elections">2001</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2002 United States state legislative elections">2002</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2003 United States state legislative elections">2003</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2004 United States state legislative elections">2004</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2005 United States state legislative elections">2005</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2006 United States state legislative elections">2006</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2007 United States state legislative elections">2007</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2008 United States state legislative elections">2008</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2009_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2009 United States state legislative elections">2009</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2010 United States state legislative elections">2010</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2011 United States state legislative elections">2011</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2012 United States state legislative elections">2012</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2013_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2013 United States state legislative elections">2013</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2014 United States state legislative elections">2014</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2015 United States state legislative elections">2015</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2016 United States state legislative elections">2016</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2017 United States state legislative elections">2017</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2018 United States state legislative elections">2018</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2019 United States state legislative elections">2019</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2020 United States state legislative elections">2020</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2021 United States state legislative elections">2021</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2022 United States state legislative elections">2022</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2023 United States state legislative elections">2023</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2024 United States state legislative elections">2024</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2025_United_States_state_legislative_elections" title="2025 United States state legislative elections">2025</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_legislators" title="List of U.S. state legislators">List of U.S. state legislators</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_state_legislative_sessions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lists of United States state legislative sessions">Lists of past U.S. state legislatures</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lower_houses_of_national_legislatures" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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href="/wiki/Argentine_Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Argentine Chamber of Deputies">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Austria)" title="National Council (Austria)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_(Belgium)" title="Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Brazil)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Peoples%27_Representatives" title="House of Peoples' Representatives">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Rakyat" title="Dewan Rakyat">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Mexico)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Nepal)" title="House of Representatives (Nepal)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Nigeria)" title="House of Representatives (Nigeria)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Pakistan" title="National Assembly of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Somalia#House_of_the_People" title="Federal Parliament of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislative_Assembly_(South_Sudan)" title="National Legislative Assembly (South Sudan)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Sudan" title="National Assembly of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Switzerland)" title="National Council (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_National_Assembly" title="People's National Assembly">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Antigua_and_Barbuda)" title="House of Representatives (Antigua and Barbuda)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Bahamas#House_of_Assembly" title="Parliament of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Representatives_(Bahrain)" title="Council of Representatives (Bahrain)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Barbados" title="House of Assembly of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Belarus)" title="House of Representatives (Belarus)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Belize)" title="House of Representatives (Belize)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bhutan)" title="National Assembly (Bhutan)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Bolivia)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Bolivia)">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Burundi)" title="National Assembly (Burundi)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Cambodia)" title="National Assembly (Cambodia)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Cameroon)" title="National Assembly (Cameroon)">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Central_African_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Central African Republic)">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" title="Chamber of Deputies of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Colombia" title="Chamber of Representatives of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="National Assembly (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Chamber of Deputies of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Egypt)" title="House of Representatives (Egypt)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Equatorial_Guinea)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Equatorial Guinea)">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Eswatini" title="House of Assembly of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(France)" title="National Assembly (France)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Gabon" title="National Assembly of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Grenada#House_of_Representatives" title="Parliament of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Haiti)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Haiti)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Indonesia)" title="House of Representatives (Indonesia)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Italy)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Italy)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Ivory_Coast)" title="National Assembly (Ivory Coast)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Jamaica" title="Parliament of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Jordan)" title="House of Representatives (Jordan)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4jilis" title="Mäjilis">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Kenya)" title="National Assembly (Kenya)">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Lesotho)" title="National Assembly (Lesotho)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Liberia" title="House of Representatives of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Madagascar)" title="National Assembly (Madagascar)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Morocco)" title="House of Representatives (Morocco)">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyithu_Hluttaw" title="Pyithu Hluttaw">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Namibia)" title="National Assembly (Namibia)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Assembly_(Oman)" title="Consultative Assembly (Oman)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Delegates_of_Palau" title="House of Delegates of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Paraguay" title="Chamber of Deputies of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejm" title="Sejm">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Rwanda)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Saint_Lucia" title="House of Assembly of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Slovenia)" title="National Assembly (Slovenia)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="National Assembly of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies" title="Congress of Deputies">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Representatives_(Tajikistan)" title="Assembly of Representatives (Tajikistan)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Thailand)" title="House of Representatives (Thailand)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Trinidad_and_Tobago)" title="House of Representatives (Trinidad and Tobago)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Uruguay" title="Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Chamber_of_Uzbekistan" title="Legislative Chamber of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Yemen)" title="House of Representatives (Yemen)">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Zimbabwe" title="National Assembly of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent and<br />other territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_House_of_Representatives" title="American Samoa House of Representatives">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Bermuda" title="House of Assembly of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Keys" title="House of Keys">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_House_of_Representatives" title="Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">Non-UN states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Somaliland)" title="House of Representatives (Somaliland)">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_abolished_lower_houses" title="List of abolished lower houses">Defunct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cuba_(1902%E2%80%931959)#Constitution_of_1940" title="Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Fiji" title="House of Representatives of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_(British_Guiana)" title="Legislative Assembly (British Guiana)">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary#House_of_Representatives" title="Diet of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_House_of_Commons" title="Irish House of Commons">Kingdom of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_(Irish_Free_State)" title="Dáil Éireann (Irish Free State)">Irish Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(South_Korea)" title="House of Representatives (South Korea)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Nicaragua#Presidents_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_before_1979" title="National Congress of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Northern_Ireland" title="House of Commons of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Republic_of_Peru#History" title="Congress of the Republic of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Portugal_(1822%E2%80%931910)" title="Chamber of Deputies of Portugal (1822–1910)">Portugal (Kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Portugal_(1910%E2%80%931926)" title="Chamber of Deputies of Portugal (1910–1926)">Portugal (Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andra_kammaren" title="Andra kammaren">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Venezuelan Chamber of Deputies">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">Bicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">Unicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricameralism" title="Tricameralism">Tricameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multicameralism" title="Multicameralism">Multicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abolished_lower_houses" title="List of abolished lower houses">List of abolished lower houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legislatures_by_country" title="List of legislatures by country">List of legislatures by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_upper_houses" title="Template:National upper houses">National upper houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National bicameral legislatures">National bicameral legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_unicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National unicameral legislatures">National unicameral legislatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169652#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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