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Feng</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Zhengkun Feng"> <meta name="keywords" content="Zhengkun Feng"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Zhengkun Feng"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 280</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Zhengkun Feng</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">280</span> The Discussion on the Composition of Feng Shui by the Environmental Planning Viewpoint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jhuang%20Jin-Jhong">Jhuang Jin-Jhong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsieh%20Wei-Fan"> Hsieh Wei-Fan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change causes natural disasters persistently. Therefore, nowadays environmental planning objective tends to the issues of respecting nature and coexisting with nature. As a result, the natural environment analysis, e.g., the analysis of topography, soil, hydrology, climate, vegetation, is highly emphasized. On the other hand, Feng Shui has been a criterion of site selection for residence in Eastern since the ancient times and has had farther influence on site selection for castles and even for temples and tombs. The primary criterion of site selection is judging the quality of Long: mountain range, Sha: nearby mountains, Shui: hydrology, Xue: foundation, Xiang: aspect, which are similar to the environmental variables of mountain range, topography, hydrology and aspect. For the reason, a lot researchers attempt to probe into the connection between the criterion of Feng Shui and environmental planning factors. Most researches only discussed with the composition and theory of space of Feng Shui, but there is no research which explained Feng Shui through the environmental field. Consequently, this study reviewed the theory of Feng Shui through the environmental planning viewpoint and assembled essential composition factors of Feng Shui. The results of this study point. From literature review and comparison of theoretical meanings, we find that the ideal principles for planning the Feng Shui environment can also be used for environmental planning. Therefore, this article uses 12 ideal environmental features used in Feng Shui to contrast the natural aspects of the environment and make comparisons with previous research and classifies the environmental factors into climate, topography, hydrology, vegetation, and soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20composition%20of%20Feng%20Shui" title="the composition of Feng Shui">the composition of Feng Shui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20planning" title=" environmental planning"> environmental planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site%20selection" title=" site selection"> site selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=main%20components%20of%20the%20Feng%20Shui%20environment" title=" main components of the Feng Shui environment"> main components of the Feng Shui environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20624/the-discussion-on-the-composition-of-feng-shui-by-the-environmental-planning-viewpoint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">279</span> Line Heating Forming: Methodology and Application Using Kriging and Fifth Order Spline Formulations </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henri%20Champliaud">Henri Champliaud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengkun%20Feng"> Zhengkun Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngan%20Van%20L%C3%AA"> Ngan Van Lê</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javad%20Gholipour"> Javad Gholipour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, a method is presented to effectively estimate the deformed shape of a thick plate due to line heating. The method uses a fifth order spline interpolation, with up to C3 continuity at specific points to compute the shape of the deformed geometry. First and second order derivatives over a surface are the resulting parameters of a given heating line on a plate. These parameters are determined through experiments and/or finite element simulations. Very accurate kriging models are fitted to real or virtual surfaces to build-up a database of maps. Maps of first and second order derivatives are then applied on numerical plate models to evaluate their evolving shapes through a sequence of heating lines. Adding an optimization process to this approach would allow determining the trajectories of heating lines needed to shape complex geometries, such as Francis turbine blades. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation" title="deformation">deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kriging" title=" kriging"> kriging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fifth%20order%20spline%20interpolation" title=" fifth order spline interpolation"> fifth order spline interpolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first" title=" first"> first</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20and%20third%20order%20derivatives" title=" second and third order derivatives"> second and third order derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C3%20continuity" title=" C3 continuity"> C3 continuity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20heating" title=" line heating"> line heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plate%20forming" title=" plate forming"> plate forming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20forming" title=" thermal forming"> thermal forming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31294/line-heating-forming-methodology-and-application-using-kriging-and-fifth-order-spline-formulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">278</span> Boryl Radical-Promoted Dehydroxylative Alkylation of 3-Hydroxyoxindole Derivatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Tebeka%20Simur">Tesfaye Tebeka Simur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tian-Yu%20Peng"> Tian-Yu Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Feng%20Wang"> Yi-Feng Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiu-Wei%20Wu"> Xiu-Wei Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng-Lian%20Zhang"> Feng-Lian Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A boryl radical-promoted dehydroxylative alkylation of 3-hydroxy-oxindole derivatives is achieved. The reaction starts from addition of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)-boryl radical to the amide carbonyl oxygen atom, which induces a spin-center shift process to promote the C−O bond cleavage. The elimination of a hydroxide anion from a free hydroxy group is also accomplished. Capture of the generated carbon radical with alkenes furnishes a variety of C-3 alkylated oxindoles. This method features a simple operation and broad substrate scope. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boryl%20radical" title="boryl radical">boryl radical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-O" title=" C-O"> C-O</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-F" title=" C-F"> C-F</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%3DC" title=" C=C"> C=C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%3DN%20bond%20activation" title=" C=N bond activation"> C=N bond activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20center%20shift" title=" spin center shift"> spin center shift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166794/boryl-radical-promoted-dehydroxylative-alkylation-of-3-hydroxyoxindole-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">277</span> Calcium Phosphate Cement/Gypsum Composite as Dental Pulp Capping</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Feng%20Lin">Jung-Feng Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Tang%20Chen"> Wei-Tang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chung-King%20Hsu"> Chung-King Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Pin%20Lin"> Chun-Pin Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng-Huei%20Lin"> Feng-Huei Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the objectives of operative dentistry is to maintain pulp health in compromised teeth. Mostly used methods for this purpose are direct pulp capping and pulpotomy, which consist of placement of biocompatible materials and bio-inductors on the exposed pulp tissue to preserve its health and stimulate repair by mineralized tissue formation. In this study, we developed a material (calcium phosphate cement (CPC)/gypsum composite) as the dental pulp capping material for shortening setting time and improving handling properties. We further discussed the influence of five different ratio of gypsum to CPC on HAP conversion, microstructure, setting time, weight loss, pH value, temperature difference, viscosity, mechanical properties, porosity, and biocompatibility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20phosphate%20cement" title="calcium phosphate cement">calcium phosphate cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20sulphate%20hemihydrate" title=" calcium sulphate hemihydrate"> calcium sulphate hemihydrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulp%20capping" title=" pulp capping"> pulp capping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20setting%20time" title=" fast setting time"> fast setting time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63252/calcium-phosphate-cementgypsum-composite-as-dental-pulp-capping" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">276</span> Theoretical and Experimental Study on the NO Reduction by H₂ over Char Decorated with Ni at low Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaixuan%20Feng">Kaixuan Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruixiang%20Lin"> Ruixiang Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuyan%20Hu"> Yuyan Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuheng%20Feng"> Yuheng Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dezhen%20Chen"> Dezhen Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tongcheng%20Cao"> Tongcheng Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we propose a reaction system for the low-temperature reduction of NO by H₂ on carbon-based materials decorated with 5%wt. Ni. This cost-effective catalyst system efficiently utilizes pyrolysis carbon-based materials and waste hydrogen. Additionally, it yields environmentally friendly products without requiring extra heat sources in practical SCR devices. Density functional theory elucidates the mechanism of NO heterogeneous reduction by H₂ on Ni-decorated char surfaces. Two distinct reaction paths were identified, one involving the intermediate product N₂O and the other not. These pathways exhibit different rate-determination steps and activation energies. Kinetic analysis indicates that the N₂O byproduct pathway has a lower activation energy. Experimental results corroborate the theoretical findings. Thus, this research enhances our mechanistic understanding of the NO-H₂ reaction over char and offers insights for optimizing catalyst design in low-temperature NO reduction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=char-based%20catalysis" title="char-based catalysis">char-based catalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NO%20reduction" title=" NO reduction"> NO reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT%20study" title=" DFT study"> DFT study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20reaction" title=" heterogeneous reaction"> heterogeneous reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-temperature%20H%E2%82%82-reduction" title=" low-temperature H₂-reduction"> low-temperature H₂-reduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171909/theoretical-and-experimental-study-on-the-no-reduction-by-h2-over-char-decorated-with-ni-at-low-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">275</span> Statically Fused Unbiased Converted Measurements Kalman Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengkun%20Guo">Zhengkun Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanbin%20Li"> Yanbin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenqing%20Wang"> Wenqing Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Zou"> Bo Zou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The statically fused converted position and doppler measurements Kalman filter (SF-CMKF) with additive debiased measurement conversion has been previously presented to combine the resulting states of converted position measurements Kalman filter (CPMKF) and converted doppler measurement Kalman filter (CDMKF) to yield the final state estimates under minimum mean squared error (MMSE) criterion. However, the exact compensation for the bias in the polar-to-cartesian and spherical-to-cartesian conversion are multiplicative and depend on the statistics of the cosine of the angle measurement errors. As a result, the consistency and performance of the SF-CMKF may be suboptimal in large-angle error situations. In this paper, the multiplicative unbiased position and Doppler measurement conversion for 2D (polar-to-cartesian) tracking are derived, and the SF-CMKF is improved to use those conversions. Monte Carlo simulations are presented to demonstrate the statistical consistency of the multiplicative unbiased conversion and the superior performance of the modified SF-CMKF (SF-UCMKF). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20conversion" title="measurement conversion">measurement conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doppler" title=" Doppler"> Doppler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation" title=" estimation"> estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracking" title=" tracking"> tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136726/statically-fused-unbiased-converted-measurements-kalman-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">274</span> Roughness Discrimination Using Bioinspired Tactile Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengkun%20Yi">Zhengkun Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface texture discrimination using artificial tactile sensors has attracted increasing attentions in the past decade as it can endow technical and robot systems with a key missing ability. However, as a major component of texture, roughness has rarely been explored. This paper presents an approach for tactile surface roughness discrimination, which includes two parts: (1) design and fabrication of a bioinspired artificial fingertip, and (2) tactile signal processing for tactile surface roughness discrimination. The bioinspired fingertip is comprised of two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layers, a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bar, and two perpendicular polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) film sensors. This artificial fingertip mimics human fingertips in three aspects: (1) Elastic properties of epidermis and dermis in human skin are replicated by the two PDMS layers with different stiffness, (2) The PMMA bar serves the role analogous to that of a bone, and (3) PVDF film sensors emulate Meissner’s corpuscles in terms of both location and response to the vibratory stimuli. Various extracted features and classification algorithms including support vector machines (SVM) and k-nearest neighbors (kNN) are examined for tactile surface roughness discrimination. Eight standard rough surfaces with roughness values (Ra) of 50 μm, 25 μm, 12.5 μm, 6.3 μm 3.2 μm, 1.6 μm, 0.8 μm, and 0.4 μm are explored. The highest classification accuracy of (82.6 ± 10.8) % can be achieved using solely one PVDF film sensor with kNN (k = 9) classifier and the standard deviation feature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioinspired%20fingertip" title="bioinspired fingertip">bioinspired fingertip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classifier" title=" classifier"> classifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20extraction" title=" feature extraction"> feature extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness%20discrimination" title=" roughness discrimination"> roughness discrimination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57540/roughness-discrimination-using-bioinspired-tactile-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">273</span> Social Semiotics in the Selected Films of Chito S. Roño</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannah%20Jennica%20P.%20Ello">Hannah Jennica P. Ello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Regina%20Via%20G.%20Garcia"> Regina Via G. Garcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Films are famous expressions of art in the country. As an expression of art, it serves as a medium in which a culture is reflected. This paper studied how films reflected the Filipino culture. In this study, social semiotics was used to analyze the semiotic resources identified in the film. The films studied were 'Feng Shui', 'Sukob', and 'The Healing', which were three of the highest grossing horror films of Chito S. Roño. The objectives of the paper were (1) to identify the semiotic resources in the film, (2) to extract their meanings, and (3) to determine how these resources were perceived in the Filipino culture. The semiotic resources identified in each film are organized into three categories: color, practices and supernatural occurrences. Each semiotic resource is analyzed through the four dimensions of social semiotics, genre, style, modality, and discourse. For color, some of the semiotic resources identified are red, white and blue; for practices, Hagiolatry, and Mariolatry, faith healing and the belief in superstitions; and for supernatural occurrences, haunting ghosts, doppelganger attacks and returning from the dead were identified. The practices that are prominent in the films are Hagiolatry and Mariolatry, belief in feng shui and belief in faith healers and albularyos. The belief of these practices shows that Filipinos have a dual faith; belief in religion and a belief in superstitions. In short, Filipinos highly practice folk Catholicism and because of this, a mixture of different cultures can be seen, as having molded the Filipino culture to what it is today. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title="culture">culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title=" film"> film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiotics" title=" semiotics"> semiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20semiotics" title=" social semiotics"> social semiotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76923/social-semiotics-in-the-selected-films-of-chito-s-rono" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">272</span> Traditionalism and Modernity in Seoul’s Urban Planning for the Disabled </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helena%20Park">Helena Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the last three decades, Seoul has experienced an exponential increase in population and concomitant rapid urbanization. With such development, Korea adopted a predominantly Western style of architecture but still based the structures on Korea’s traditionalism and Confucian precepts of pung su (feng shui). While Korean urban planning is focusing on balancing out the modernism and traditionalism in its city architecture, particularly in and landmark sites like The Seoul N Tower and Gyeongbok Palace, the accessibility and convenience concerns of minorities in social groups like the disabled are habitually disregarded. With the implementations of ramps and elevators, the welfare of all citizens seemed to improve. According to the dictates of traditional Korean culture, it was crucial for those construed as “disabled” or “underprivileged” to feel natural in the city of Seoul, which is planned and built with the background aesthetic theory of being harmonized with nature. It was interesting and also alarming to see the extent to which Korean landmarks were lacking facilities for the disabled throughout the city. Standards set by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Seoul Metropolitan City insist that buildings accommodate the needs of the disabled as well as the non-disabled equally, but it was hard to find buildings in Seoul - old or new - that fulfilled all the requirements. If fulfilled, some of the facilities were hard to find or not well maintained. There is thus a serious concern for planning reform in connection with Seoul’s 2030 Urban Plan. This paper argues that alternative planning could better integrate Korea’s traditionalist architecture and concepts of pung su rather than insist on the necessity of Western-style modernism as the sole modality for achieving accessibility for the disabled in Korea. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title="accessibility">accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture%20of%20Seoul" title=" architecture of Seoul "> architecture of Seoul </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pung%20Su%20%28Feng%20Shui%29" title=" Pung Su (Feng Shui)"> Pung Su (Feng Shui)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditionalism" title=" traditionalism"> traditionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernism%20in%20Seoul" title=" modernism in Seoul"> modernism in Seoul</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59232/traditionalism-and-modernity-in-seouls-urban-planning-for-the-disabled" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">271</span> Tourist’s Perception and Identification of Landscape Elements of Traditional Village</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengxin%20Feng">Mengxin Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Xu"> Feng Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiyong%20Lai"> Zhiyong Lai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a typical representative of the countryside, traditional Chinese villages are rich in cultural landscape resources and historical information, but they are still in continuous decline. The problems of people's weak protection awareness and low cultural recognition are still serious, and the protection of cultural heritage is imminent. At the same time, with the rapid development of rural tourism, its cultural value has been explored and paid attention to again. From the perspective of tourists, this study aimed to explore people's perception and identity of cultural landscape resources under the current cultural tourism development background. We selected eleven typical landscape elements of Lingshui Village, a traditional village in Beijing, as research objects and conducted a questionnaire survey with two scales of perception and identity to explore the characteristics of people's perception and identification of landscape elements. We found that there was a strong positive correlation between the perception and identity of each element and that geographical location influenced visitors' overall perception. The perception dimensions scored the highest in location, and the lowest in history and culture, and the identity dimensions scored the highest in meaning and lowest in emotion. We analyzed the impact of visitors' backgrounds on people's perception and identity characteristics and found that age and education were two important factors. The elderly had a higher degree of perceived identity, as the familiarity effect increased their attention. Highly educated tourists had more stringent criteria for perception and identification. The above findings suggest strategies for conserving and optimizing landscape elements in the traditional village to improve the acceptance and recognition of cultural information in traditional villages, which will inject new vitality into the development of traditional villages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20village" title="traditional village">traditional village</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourist%20perception" title=" tourist perception"> tourist perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscape%20elements" title=" landscape elements"> landscape elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception%20and%20identity" title=" perception and identity"> perception and identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165244/tourists-perception-and-identification-of-landscape-elements-of-traditional-village" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">270</span> Precise CNC Machine for Multi-Tasking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Jan%20Khan">Haroon Jan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian-Feng%20Xu"> Xian-Feng Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Nasir%20Shah"> Syed Nasir Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anooshay%20Niazi"> Anooshay Niazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CNC machines are not only used on a large scale but also now become a prominent necessity among households and smaller businesses. Printed Circuit Boards manufactured by the chemical process are not only risky and unsafe but also expensive and time-consuming. A 3-axis precise CNC machine has been developed, which not only fabricates PCB but has also been used for multi-tasks just by changing the materials used and tools, making it versatile. The advanced CNC machine takes data from CAM software. The TB-6560 controller is used in the CNC machine to adjust variation in the X, Y, and Z axes. The advanced machine is efficient in automatic drilling, engraving, and cutting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNC" title="CNC">CNC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G-code" title=" G-code"> G-code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD" title=" CAD"> CAD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAM" title=" CAM"> CAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Proteus" title=" Proteus"> Proteus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FLATCAM" title=" FLATCAM"> FLATCAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Easel" title=" Easel"> Easel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174065/precise-cnc-machine-for-multi-tasking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">269</span> Cross Site Scripting (XSS) Attack and Automatic Detection Technology Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Feng">Tao Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Wei%20Zhang"> Wei-Wei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Ming%20Ding"> Chang-Ming Ding</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cross-site scripting (XSS) is one of the most popular WEB Attacking methods at present, and also one of the most risky web attacks. Because of the population of JavaScript, the scene of the cross site scripting attack is also gradually expanded. However, since the web application developers tend to only focus on functional testing and lack the awareness of the XSS, which has made the on-line web projects exist many XSS vulnerabilities. In this paper, different various techniques of XSS attack are analyzed, and a method automatically to detect it is proposed. It is easy to check the results of vulnerability detection when running it as a plug-in. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XSS" title="XSS">XSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=no%20target%20attack%20platform" title=" no target attack platform"> no target attack platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20detection%EF%BC%8CXSS%20detection" title=" automatic detection，XSS detection"> automatic detection，XSS detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41829/cross-site-scripting-xss-attack-and-automatic-detection-technology-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">268</span> The Antitumor Activity of Eu (III) and Er (III) Complexes of 3 - (1H-Benzimidazol-2-Yl) - 6 - Methyl - 2 (1H) - Quinolinone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xing%20Lu">Xing Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-ming%20Wu"> Yi-ming Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-hong%20Zhu"> Yan-hong Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen-feng%20Chen"> Zhen-feng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Liang"> Hong Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Peng"> Yan Peng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> [Eu(BMQ)2(NO3)3(CH3OH)(H2O)] (1),and [Er(BMQ)2(NO3)3(CH3OH)(H2O)] (2),were synthesized. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit a certain extent cytotoxicity against Hep G2, Hela 229, MGC80-3 and BEL-7404 cell lines invitro, with IC50 values in the14.51±1.41μM to 52.49±4.01μM range. Compound 1 exhibited significantly enhanced cytotoxicity against MGC80-3 cell line, comparing with free 3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-6-methyl-2(1H)- quinolinone. The binding abilities of 1 to DNA were stronger than that of 2. Intercalation is the most probable binding mode for both the complexes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinolinone" title="quinolinone">quinolinone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eu%28II%29%20complex" title=" Eu(II) complex"> Eu(II) complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Er%28III%29%20complex" title=" Er(III) complex"> Er(III) complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity." title=" cytotoxicity."> cytotoxicity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12135/the-antitumor-activity-of-eu-iii-and-er-iii-complexes-of-3-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl-6-methyl-2-1h-quinolinone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">598</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">267</span> The Review and Contribution of Taiwan Government Policies on Environmental Impact Assessment to Water Recycling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng-Ming%20Fan">Feng-Ming Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiu-Hui%20Wen"> Xiu-Hui Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Po-Feng%20Chen"> Po-Feng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Ching%20Tu"> Yi-Ching Tu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Because of inborn natural conditions and man-made sabotage, the water resources insufficient phenomenon in Taiwan is a very important issue needed to face immediately. The regulations and law of water resources protection and recycling are gradually completed now but still lack of specific water recycling effectiveness checking method. The research focused on the industrial parks that already had been certificated with EIA to establish a professional checking system, carry through and forge ahead to contribute one’s bit in water resources sustainable usage. Taiwan Government Policies of Environmental Impact Assessment established in 1994, some development projects were requested to set certain water recycling ratio for water resources effective usage. The water covers and contains everything because all-inclusive companies enter and be stationed. For control the execution status of industrial park water and waste water recycling ratio about EIA commitment effectively, we invited experts and scholars in this filed to discuss with related organs to formulate the policy and audit plan. Besides, call a meeting to set public version water equilibrium diagrams and recycles parameter. We selected nine industrial parks that were requested set certain water recycling ratio in EIA examination stage and then according to the water usage quantity, we audited 340 factories in these industrial parks with spot and documents examination and got fruitful results – the average water usage of unit area per year of all these examined industrial parks is 31,000 tons/hectare/year, the value is just half of Taiwan industries average. It is obvious that the industrial parks with EIA commitment can decrease the water resources consumption effectively. Taiwan government policies of Environmental Impact Assessment took follow though tracking function into consideration at the beginning. The results of this research verify the importance of the implementing with water recycling to save water resources in EIA commitment. Inducing development units to follow EIA commitment to get the balance between environmental protection and economic development is one of the important EIA value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taiwan%20government%20policies%20of%20environmental%20impact%20assessment" title="Taiwan government policies of environmental impact assessment">Taiwan government policies of environmental impact assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20recycling%20ratio%20of%20EIA%20commitment" title=" water recycling ratio of EIA commitment"> water recycling ratio of EIA commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20resources%20sustainable%20usage" title=" water resources sustainable usage"> water resources sustainable usage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20recycling" title=" water recycling"> water recycling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79495/the-review-and-contribution-of-taiwan-government-policies-on-environmental-impact-assessment-to-water-recycling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">266</span> Comparison of Frequency-Domain Contention Schemes in Wireless LANs </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Feng">Li Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In IEEE 802.11 networks, it is well known that the traditional time-domain contention often leads to low channel utilization. The first frequency-domain contention scheme, the time to frequency (T2F), has recently been proposed to improve the channel utilization and has attracted a great deal of attention. In this paper, we survey the latest research progress on the weighed frequency-domain contention. We present the basic ideas, work principles of these related schemes and point out their differences. This paper is very useful for further study on frequency-domain contention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=802.11" title="802.11">802.11</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20LANs" title=" wireless LANs"> wireless LANs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency-domain%20contention" title=" frequency-domain contention"> frequency-domain contention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T2F" title=" T2F"> T2F</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42959/comparison-of-frequency-domain-contention-schemes-in-wireless-lans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">265</span> 3D Receiver Operator Characteristic Histogram</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoli%20Zhang">Xiaoli Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiongfei%20Li"> Xiongfei Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuncong%20Feng"> Yuncong Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ROC curves, as a widely used evaluating tool in machine learning field, are the tradeoff of true positive rate and negative rate. However, they are blamed for ignoring some vital information in the evaluation process, such as the amount of information about the target that each instance carries, predicted score given by each classification model to each instance. Hence, in this paper, a new classification performance method is proposed by extending the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves to 3D space, which is denoted as 3D ROC Histogram. In the histogram, the <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title="classification">classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receiver%20operating%20characteristic%20histogram" title=" receiver operating characteristic histogram"> receiver operating characteristic histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness%20prediction" title=" hardness prediction"> hardness prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44143/3d-receiver-operator-characteristic-histogram" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">264</span> Template-Assisted Synthesis of IrO2 Nanopores Membrane Electrode Assembly</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhuo-Xin%20Lu">Zhuo-Xin Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Shi"> Yan Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Feng%20Yan"> Chang-Feng Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Huang"> Ying Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Gan"> Yuan Gan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhi-Da%20Wang"> Zhi-Da Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTA) as template, a IrO2 nanopores membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was synthesized by a novel depositi-assemble-etch strategy. By analysing the morphology of IrO2/TNTA and cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve at different deposition cycles, we proposed a reasonable scheme for the process of IrO2 electrodeposition on TNTA. The current density of IrO2/TNTA at 1.5V vs RHE reaches 5.12mA/cm2 after 55 cycles deposition, which shows promising performance for its high OER activity after template removal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrodeposition" title="electrodeposition">electrodeposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IrO2%20nanopores" title=" IrO2 nanopores"> IrO2 nanopores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEA" title=" MEA"> MEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OER" title=" OER"> OER</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46915/template-assisted-synthesis-of-iro2-nanopores-membrane-electrode-assembly" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">263</span> Gender Differences in the Descriptions of Shape</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Feng%20Chang">Shu-Feng Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the past years, gender issues have been discussed in many fields. It causes such differences not only in physical field but also in mental field. Gender differences also appear in our daily life, especially in the communication of spoken language. This statement was proved in the descriptions of color. However, the research about describing shape was fewer. The purpose of the study was to determine the description of the shape was different or alike due to gender. If it was different, this difference was dissimilar or as the same as the conclusion of color. Data were collected on the shape descriptions by 15 female and 15male participants in describing five pictures. As a result, it was really different for the descriptions of shape due to gender factor. The findings of shape descriptions were almost as the same as color naming with gender factor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title="gender">gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=naming" title=" naming"> naming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape" title=" shape"> shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociolinguistics" title=" sociolinguistics"> sociolinguistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81193/gender-differences-in-the-descriptions-of-shape" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">262</span> Numerical Study of a 6080HP Open Drip Proof (ODP) Motor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng-Hisang%20Lai">Feng-Hisang Lai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) is conducted to numerically study the flow and heat transfer features of a two-pole, 6,080HP, 60Hz, 3,150V open drip-proof (ODP) motor. The stator and rotor cores in this high voltage induction motor are segmented with the use of spacers for cooling purposes, which leads to difficulties in meshing when the entire system is to be simulated. The system is divided into 4 parts, meshed separately and then combined using interfaces. The deviation between the CFD and experimental results in temperature and flow rate is less than 10%. The internal flow is further examined and a final design is proposed to reduce the winding temperature by 10 degrees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20drip%20proof" title=" open drip proof"> open drip proof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20motor" title=" induction motor"> induction motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title=" cooling"> cooling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142026/numerical-study-of-a-6080hp-open-drip-proof-odp-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">261</span> Development of Energy Management System Based on Internet of Things Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Jye%20Shyr">Wen-Jye Shyr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Ming%20Lin"> Chia-Ming Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung-Yun%20Feng">Hung-Yun Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to develop an energy management system for university campuses based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technique. The proposed IoT technique based on WebAccess is used via network browser Internet Explore and applies TCP/IP protocol. The case study of IoT for lighting energy usage management system was proposed. Structure of proposed IoT technique included perception layer, equipment layer, control layer, application layer and network layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20management" title="energy management">energy management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT%20technique" title=" IoT technique"> IoT technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WebAccess" title=" WebAccess"> WebAccess</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56513/development-of-energy-management-system-based-on-internet-of-things-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">260</span> Nitrite Sensor Platform Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide with Thionine Dye Based</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurulasma%20Zainudin">Nurulasma Zainudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashitah%20Mohd%20Yusoff"> Mashitah Mohd Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwok%20Feng%20Chong"> Kwok Feng Chong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Functionalized reduced graphene oxide is essential importance for their end applications. Chemical functionalization of reduced graphene oxide with strange atoms is a leading strategy to modify the properties of the materials moreover maintains the inherent properties of reduced graphene oxide. A thionine functionalized reduce graphene oxide electrode was fabricated and was used to electrochemically determine nitrite. The electrochemical behaviour of thionine functionalized reduced graphene oxide towards oxidation of nitrite via cyclic voltammetry was studied and the proposed method exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic behaviour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrite" title="nitrite">nitrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thionine" title=" thionine"> thionine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20graphene%20oxide" title=" reduced graphene oxide"> reduced graphene oxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37261/nitrite-sensor-platform-functionalized-reduced-graphene-oxide-with-thionine-dye-based" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">259</span> Condensation of Vapor in the Presence of Non-Condensable Gas on a Vertical Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shengjun%20Zhang">Shengjun Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Cheng"> Xu Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Shen"> Feng Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The passive containment cooling system (PCCS) is widely used in the advanced nuclear reactor in case of the loss of coolant accident (LOCA) and the main steam line break accident (MSLB). The internal heat exchanger is one of the most important equipment in the PCCS and its heat transfer characteristic determines the performance of the system. In this investigation, a theoretical model is presented for predicting the heat and mass transfer which accompanies condensation. The conduction through the liquid condensate is considered and the interface temperature is defined by iteration. The parameter in the correlation to describe the suction effect should be further determined through experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-condensable%20gas" title="non-condensable gas">non-condensable gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation" title=" condensation"> condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20coefficient" title=" heat transfer coefficient"> heat transfer coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20and%20mass%20transfer%20analogy" title=" heat and mass transfer analogy"> heat and mass transfer analogy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62526/condensation-of-vapor-in-the-presence-of-non-condensable-gas-on-a-vertical-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">258</span> Investigation of Enhanced Geothermal System with CO2 as Working Fluid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruina%20Xu">Ruina Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peixue%20Jiang"> Peixue Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Luo"> Feng Luo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The novel concept of enhanced geothermal system with CO2 instead of water as working fluid (CO2-EGS) has attracted wide attention due to additional benefit of CO2 geological storage during the power generation process. In this research, numerical investigation on a doublet CO2-EGS system is performed, focusing on the influence of the injection/production well perforation location in the targeted geothermal reservoir. Three different reservoir inlet and outlet boundary conditions are used in simulations since the well constrains are different in reality. The results show that CO2-EGS system performance of power generation and power cost vary greatly among cases of different wells perforation locations, and the optimum options under different boundary conditions are also different. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enhanced%20Geothermal%20System" title="Enhanced Geothermal System">Enhanced Geothermal System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical%20CO2" title=" supercritical CO2"> supercritical CO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2-EGS" title=" CO2-EGS"> CO2-EGS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2713/investigation-of-enhanced-geothermal-system-with-co2-as-working-fluid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Theoretical BER Analyzing of MPSK Signals Based on the Signal Space</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Qing-feng">Jing Qing-feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Danmei"> Liu Danmei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the optimum detection, signal projection and Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) rule, Proakis has deduced the theoretical BER equation of Gray coded MPSK signals. Proakis analyzed the BER theoretical equations mainly based on the projection of signals, which is difficult to be understood. This article solve the same problem based on the signal space, which explains the vectors relations among the sending signals, received signals and noises. The more explicit and easy-deduced process is illustrated in this article based on the signal space, which can illustrated the relations among the signals and noises clearly. This kind of deduction has a univocal geometry meaning. It can explain the correlation between the production and calculation of BER in vector level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPSK" title="MPSK">MPSK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAP" title=" MAP"> MAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signal%20space" title=" signal space"> signal space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title="BER">BER</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45896/theoretical-ber-analyzing-of-mpsk-signals-based-on-the-signal-space" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> Surface Modification of SUS-304 Using Nitriding Treatment for Application of Bipolar Plates of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Ru%20Chang">Wei-Ru Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenn-Jiang%20Hwang"> Jenn-Jiang Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zen-Ting%20Hsiao"> Zen-Ting Hsiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Feng%20Lee"> Shu-Feng Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are widely used in electrical systems as an economical, low-polluting energy source. This study investigates the effects of PEMFC gas nitriding treatment on metal bipolar plates. The test material was SUS304 stainless steel. The study explored five different pretreatment processes, varying the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity conditions. The most effective process was industrial acid washing, followed by heating to 500 °C. Under the condition, the corrosion current density was 8.695 μA, significantly lower than that of the untreated pretreatment sample flakes, which was measured as 38.351 μA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitriding" title="nitriding">nitriding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipolar" title=" bipolar"> bipolar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=304" title=" 304"> 304</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pretreatment" title=" pretreatment"> pretreatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31497/surface-modification-of-sus-304-using-nitriding-treatment-for-application-of-bipolar-plates-of-proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1087</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZIF-7 Crystals and Their Composite ZIF-7/CS Membranes for Water/Ethanol Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai-Sheng%20Ji">Kai-Sheng Ji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Feng%20Lin"> Yi-Feng Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pervaporation process for solvent and water separation has attracted research attention due to its lower energy consumption compared with conventional distillation processes. The membranes used for the pervaporation approach should exhibit high flux and separation factors. In this study, the ZIF-7 crystal particles were successfully incorporated into chitosan (CS) membranes to form ZIF-7/CS mixed-matrix membranes. The as-prepared ZIF-7/CS mixed-matrix membranes were used to separate mixtures of water/ethanol at 25℃ in the pervaporation process. The mixed-matrix membranes with different ZIF-7 wt% incorporation showed better separation efficiency than the pristine CS membranes because of the smaller pore size of the mixed-matrix membranes. The separation factor and the flux of the ZIF-7/CS membranes clearly exceed the upper limit of the previously reported CS-based and mixed-matrix membranes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pervaporation" title="pervaporation">pervaporation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZIF-7" title=" ZIF-7"> ZIF-7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memberane%20separation" title=" memberane separation"> memberane separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21520/hydrothermal-synthesis-of-zif-7-crystals-and-their-composite-zif-7cs-membranes-for-waterethanol-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> Electrical Characteristics of SiON/GaAs MOS Capacitor with Various Passivations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming-Kwei%20Lee">Ming-Kwei Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Feng%20Yen"> Chih-Feng Yen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The electrical characteristics of liquid phase deposited silicon oxynitride film on ammonium sulfide treated p-type (100) gallium arsenide substrate were investigated. Hydrofluosilicic acid, ammonia and boric acid aqueous solutions were used as precursors. The electrical characteristics of silicon oxynitride film are much improved on gallium arsenide substrate with ammonium sulfide treatment. With post-metallization annealing, hydrogen ions can further passivate defects in SiON/GaAs film and interface. The leakage currents can reach 7.1 × 10-8 and 1.8 × 10-7 at ± 2 V. The dielectric constant and effective oxide charges are 5.6 and -5.3 × 1010 C/cm2, respectively. The hysteresis offset of hysteresis loop is merely 0.09 V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20phase%20deposition" title="liquid phase deposition">liquid phase deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiON" title=" SiON"> SiON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GaAs" title=" GaAs"> GaAs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMA" title=" PMA"> PMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%28NH4%292S" title=" (NH4)2S "> (NH4)2S </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19612/electrical-characteristics-of-siongaas-mos-capacitor-with-various-passivations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">641</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> Determinants of E-Government Services Adoption from the African Students’ Perspective </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaac%20Kofi%20Mensah">Isaac Kofi Mensah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianing%20Mi"> Jianing Mi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng%20Feng"> Cheng Feng </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The patronage of e-government services (demand side of e-government) is vital to the successful implementation of e-government initiatives. The purpose of this study is to explore the predictors determining the willingness of African students in China to adopt and use e-government services. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) will be used as the theoretical foundation for this research. Research instrument will be developed and administered to 500 African students in China. Factors such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and culture will be investigated to determine its significant impact on the willingness to use e-government services. This study is a research in progress. The outcome of this study will provide valuable recommendations to improve the provision of public services through e-government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government%20services" title=" e-government services"> e-government services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictors" title=" predictors"> predictors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UTAUT" title=" UTAUT"> UTAUT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78828/determinants-of-e-government-services-adoption-from-the-african-students-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">600</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> Optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Allocation Based on Multiple Data - Taking Nanjing (China) as an Example</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yue%20Huang">Yue Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yiheng%20Feng"> Yiheng Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the global pressure on climate and energy, many countries are vigorously promoting electric vehicles and building charging (public) charging facilities. Faced with the supply-demand gap of existing electric vehicle charging stations and unreasonable space usage in China, this paper takes the central city of Nanjing as an example, establishes a site selection model through multivariate data integration, conducts multiple linear regression SPSS analysis, gives quantitative site selection results, and provides optimization models and suggestions for charging station layout planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle" title="electric vehicle">electric vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charging%20station" title=" charging station"> charging station</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allocation%20optimization" title=" allocation optimization"> allocation optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20mobility" title=" urban mobility"> urban mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20infrastructure" title=" urban infrastructure"> urban infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanjing" title=" nanjing"> nanjing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162869/optimization-of-electric-vehicle-ev-charging-station-allocation-based-on-multiple-data-taking-nanjing-china-as-an-example" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> Component Comparison of Polyaluminum Chloride Produced from Various Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen%20Po%20Cheng">Wen Po Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia%20Yun%20Chung"> Chia Yun Chung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruey%20Fang%20Yu"> Ruey Fang Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao%20Feng%20Chen"> Chao Feng Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this research was to study the differences of aluminum hydrolytic products between two PACl preparation methods. These two methods were the acidification process of freshly formed amorphous Al(OH)<sub>3</sub> and the conventional alkalization process of aluminum chloride solution. According to Ferron test and <sup>27</sup>Al NMR analysis of those two PACl preparation procedures, the reaction rate constant (k) values and Al<sub>13 </sub>percentage of acid addition process at high basicity value were both lower than those values of the alkaline addition process. The results showed that the molecular structure and size distribution of the aluminum species in both preparing methods were suspected to be significantly different at high basicity value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyaluminum%20chloride" title="polyaluminum chloride">polyaluminum chloride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al13" title=" Al13"> Al13</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amorphous%20aluminum%20hydroxide" title=" amorphous aluminum hydroxide"> amorphous aluminum hydroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferron%20test" title=" Ferron test"> Ferron test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67886/component-comparison-of-polyaluminum-chloride-produced-from-various-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengkun%20Feng&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengkun%20Feng&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengkun%20Feng&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengkun%20Feng&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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