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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>U het toestemming om die bronteks te bekyk en te kopieer. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="af" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">==== Tweede ballingskap ==== Toe keiser Konstantyn I gesterf het, is Athanasius toegelaat om terug te keer na sy setel van Alexandrië. Kort daarna het Constantius II egter die bevel vir Athanasius se verbanning in 338 hernu. "Binne 'n paar weke het hy na Rome vertrek om sy saak voor die kerk in die algemeen te lê. met heelhartigheid wat nooit afgewyk het tot die dag van daardie heilige pous se dood nie. Die pous het 'n sinode van biskoppe ontbied om in Rome te vergader. Na 'n noukeurige en gedetailleerde ondersoek van die hele saak, is die primaat se onskuld aan die Christelike wêreld verkondig."<ref name="Clifford19072">Clifford, Cornelius (1907). "St. Athanasius". In Herbermann, Charles (red.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</ref> Gedurende hierdie tyd is Gregorius van Kappadosië, 'n Ariaanse biskop, as die patriarg van Alexandrië aangestel, wat die afwesige Athanasius toegeëien het. Athanasius het wel in kontak met sy mense gebly deur sy jaarlikse Feesbriewe, waarin hy ook aangekondig het op watter datum Paasfees daardie jaar gevier sou word.<ref name="EB2" /> In 339 of 340 het byna honderd biskoppe by Alexandrië vergader, ten gunste van Athanasius verklaar<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=6_VJAwAAQBAJ&q=339+or+340&pg=RA1-PA47|title=A History of the Councils of the Church: from the Original Documents, to the close of the Second Council of Nicaea A.D. 787|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers|author=Clark, William R. |year=2007 |page=47 |isbn=9781556352478}}</ref> en die kritiek van die Eusebiese faksie by Tirus kragtig verwerp. Boonop het [[Pous Julius I|Pous Julius]] aan die ondersteuners van Arius geskryf en sterk aangedring op Athanasius se herinstelling, maar daardie poging was tevergeefs. Julius het in 340 'n sinode in Rome geroep om die saak aan te spreek, wat Athanasius as die regmatige biskop van Alexandrië verklaar het.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fMhzlnY0P0QC&q=340+Julius+called&pg=PA82|title=The First Seven Ecumenical Councils (325–787): Their History and Theology|publisher=Liturgical Press|author=Davis, Leo Donald |year=1983 |page=82 |isbn=9780814656167}}</ref> Vroeg in 343 het Athanasius Hosius van Córdoba ontmoet, en saam het hulle na Serdica vertrek. 'n Volle konsilie van die Kerk is daar opgeroep in eerbiediging van die Romeinse pous se wense. By hierdie groot byeenkoms van prelate, leiers van die Kerk, is die saak van Athanasius weer opgeneem, dit wil sê, Athanasius is formeel ondervra oor misdrywe en selfs moord, ('n biskop in Egipte met die naam Arsenius het vermis opgedaag, en hulle het die skuld gegee sy dood op Athanasius, wat selfs Arsenius se afgesnyde hand opgelewer het.)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Milman|first=Henry Hart|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OYAZAAAAYAAJ&dq=athanasius+Arsenius+severed+hand&pg=PA382|title=The History of Christianity, from the Birth of Christ to the Abolition of Paganism in the Roman Empire|date=1881|publisher=T. Y. Crowell|pages=382|language=en}}</ref> Die konsilie is byeengeroep met die doel om ondersoek in te stel na die aanklagte teen Athanasius en ander biskoppe, op grond waarvan hulle in 341 deur die semi-Ariaanse Sinode van [[Antiogië]] van hul setels gedeponeer is en in ballingskap gegaan het. Eusebiese biskoppe het beswaar gemaak teen die toelating van Athanasius en ander afgesette biskoppe tot die konsilie, behalwe as beskuldigde persone om die aanklagte teen hulle te beantwoord. Hulle besware is deur die ortodokse biskoppe tersyde gestel. Die Eusebiërs, aangesien hulle geen kans gehad het om hul standpunte te laat dra nie, het na Philippopolis in [[Thrakië (Romeinse provinsie)|Thrakië]] teruggetrek waar hulle 'n opposisiekonsilie gehou het onder die presidentskap van die Patriarg van Antiochië en die dekrete van die Sinode van Antiochië bevestig het.<ref name="ReferenceB" /> Athanasius se onskuld is by die konsilie van Serdica herbevestig. Twee konsiliêre briewe is voorberei, een aan die geestelikes en getroues van Alexandrië, die ander aan die biskoppe van [[Egipte]] en [[Libië]], waarin die wil van die konsilie bekend gemaak is. Intussen het die Eusebiërs 'n anathema teen Athanasius en sy ondersteuners uitgereik. Die vervolging teen die ortodokse party het met hernieude krag uitgebreek, en Constantius is aangespoor om drastiese maatreëls voor te berei teen Athanasius en die priesters wat aan hom toegewy was. Bevele is gegee dat as Athanasius probeer om weer by sy setel in te gaan, hy gedood moes word. Athanasius het gevolglik van Serdica na Naissus in Misië onttrek, waar hy die Paasfees van die jaar 344 gevier het.<ref name="Clifford1930" /> Hosius het die konsilie van Serdica voorgesit, soos hy vir die Eerste konsilie van Nicaea gedoen het, wat net soos die 341 sinode Athanasius onskuldig bevind het.<ref name="EB1878">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/a/athanasius|title=St. Athanasius – Christian Classics Ethereal Library|website=www.ccel.org|language=en|access-date=14 March 2018}}</ref> Hy het sy laaste Paasfees in ballingskap in [[Aquileia]] in April 345 gevier, ontvang deur biskop Fortunatianus.<ref>Barnes, Timothy David, ''Athanasius and Constantius'', Harvard 2001, p. 66</ref> Die konsilie van Serdica het 'n gesant gestuur om hul bevinding aan Constantius te rapporteer. Constantius het sy besluit heroorweeg as gevolg van 'n dreigbrief van sy broer Constans en die onsekere toestande van sake aan die Persiese grens, en hy het dienooreenkomstig besluit om toe te gee. Maar drie afsonderlike briewe was nodig om die natuurlike huiwering van Athanasius te oorkom. Toe hy uiteindelik ingewillig het om Constantius te ontmoet, het die keiser hom 'n genadige onderhoud ontvang en in triomf teruggestuur na sy setel en het tien jaar van vrede begin.<ref name="Clifford19072" /> Pous Julius is in April 352 oorlede en is deur [[Pous Liberius|Liberius]] opgevolg. Vir twee jaar was Liberius gunstig vir die saak van Athanasius; maar uiteindelik in ballingskap gedryf, is hy aangespoor om 'n dubbelsinnige formule te teken, waaruit die groot Nicea-teks, die "''homoousion''", ywerig weggelaat is. In 355 is 'n konsilie in [[Milaan]] gehou, waar 'n vierde veroordeling van Athanasius aan die wêreld aangekondig is, ten spyte van die kragtige teenkanting van 'n handvol lojale prelate onder die Westerse biskoppe. Met sy vriende verstrooi, Hosius in ballingskap en pous Liberius wat aan die kaak gestel is dat hy in Ariaanse formulariums toegepas het, kon Athanasius skaars hoop om te ontsnap. Op die nag van 8 Februarie 356, terwyl hulle besig was met dienste in die Kerk van Sint Tomas, het 'n bende gewapende mans ingebars om sy arrestasie te verseker. Dit was die begin van sy derde ballingskap.<ref name="Clifford19072" /> Gilmartin skryf: "Deur Constantius se bevel is die alleenheerser van die Romeinse Ryk by die dood van sy broer Constans, die konsilie van Arles in 353, gehou, wat deur Vincent, Biskop van Capua, in die naam van Pous Liberius voorgesit is. Die vaders was doodbang vir die dreigemente van die Keiser, 'n geskende Ariaan, hulle het ingestem tot die veroordeling van Athanasius. Die Pous het geweier om hul besluit te aanvaar en die Keiser versoek om nog 'n konsilie te hou, waarin die aanklagte teen Athanasius vryelik geondersoek kon word. Hiertoe het Constantius ingestem, want hy het gevoel dat hy in staat was om die konsilie in Milaan te beheer."<ref name="ReferenceB" /> In 355 het driehonderd biskoppe in Milaan vergader, die meeste uit die Weste en slegs 'n paar uit die Ooste. Hulle het in die kerk van Milaan ontmoet. Kort voor lank het die keiser hulle na 'n saal in die Keiserlike Paleis beveel en sodoende enige vrye debat beëindig. Hy het 'n Ariaanse geloofsformule vir hul aanvaarding aangebied. Hy het elkeen wat weier met ballingskap en dood gedreig. Almal, met die uitsondering van Dionysius (biskop van Milaan), en die twee Pouslike Legate, nl. Eusebius van Vercelli en Lucifer van Cagliari, het ingestem tot die Ariaanse Geloofsbelydenis en die veroordeling van Athanasius. Diegene wat geweier het, is in ballingskap gestuur. Die dekrete is aan die pous gestuur vir goedkeuring, maar is verwerp weens die geweld waaraan die biskoppe onderwerp is.<ref name="ReferenceB" /> </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Keer terug na <a href="/wiki/Athanasius_die_Grote" title="Athanasius die Grote">Athanasius die Grote</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasius_die_Grote">https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasius_die_Grote</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privaatheidsbeleid</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oor">Inligting oor Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Voorwaardes">Vrywaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Gedragskode</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ontwikkelaars</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/af.wikipedia.org">Statistieke</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Koekieverklaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Athanasius_die_Grote&action=edit&section=6&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Selfoonweergawe</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ffqzr","wgBackendResponseTime":177,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.004","walltime":"0.006","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":706,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ffqzr","timestamp":"20241123225706","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>