CINXE.COM

1880 - Wikipedia

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>1880 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"dcbdb021-9b9a-4fcc-9ad6-6956df1c85ae","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"1880","wgTitle":"1880","wgCurRevisionId":1255846432,"wgRevisionId":1255846432,"wgArticleId":34773,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","CS1 French-language sources (fr)","CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)","Use mdy dates from March 2011","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Commons category link from Wikidata","Articles containing Latin-language text","1880","Leap years in the Gregorian calendar"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"1880","wgRelevantArticleId":34773, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7806","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true, "wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init", "ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="804"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="536"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg/640px-Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="429"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="1880 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-1880 rootpage-1880 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=1880" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=1880" title="You&#039;re encouraged to log in; however, it&#039;s not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=1880" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=1880" title="You&#039;re encouraged to log in; however, it&#039;s not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Events subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Births-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Births subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–February" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–February"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>January–February</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–February-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-March–April" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#March–April"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>March–April</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-March–April-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-May–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#May–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>May–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-May–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–August" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–August"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>July–August</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–August-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-September–October" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#September–October"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>September–October</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-September–October-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-November–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#November–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>November–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-November–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Deaths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>January–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>July–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading_and_year_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading_and_year_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading and year books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading_and_year_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1880</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 177 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-177" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">177 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1880 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1880 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1880 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1880 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B8%DB%B0_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۸۸۰ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۸۸۰ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A6" title="১৮৮০ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৮৮০" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_n%C3%AE" title="1880 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1880 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1880 йыл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="1880 йыл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880." title="1880. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1880." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1880 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1880 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B8%DB%B0" title="۱۸۸۰ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۸۸۰" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4" title="1880年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1880年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-ngi%C3%A8n" title="1880-ngièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="1880-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%EB%85%84" title="1880년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1880년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A6" title="१८८० – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१८८०" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880." title="1880. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1880." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A6" title="মারি ১৮৮০ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৮৮০" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1880-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1880-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AE%E0%B3%AE%E0%B3%A6" title="೧೮೮೦ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೮೮೦" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1880 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1880 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1880 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1880 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="1880-ӧд во – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1880-ӧд во" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1880 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1880 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B8" title="1880 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1880 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880._gads" title="1880. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1880. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1880 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1880 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_m." title="1880 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1880 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A6" title="१८८० – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१८८०" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A6" title="इ.स. १८८० – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १८८०" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B8%DB%B8%DB%B0" title="۱۸۸۰ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۸۸۰" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1880 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1880 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%88%E1%81%88%E1%81%80" title="၁၈၈၀ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၈၈၀" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A6" title="ई सं १८८० – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ई सं १८८०" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4" title="1880年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1880年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1880 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1880 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%A6" title="୧୮୮୦ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୮୮୦" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A6" title="१८८० – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१८८०" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_1880" title="Joohr 1880 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 1880" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1880 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1880 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A6" title="१८८० – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१८८०" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%D8%B9" title="1880ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1880ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A8%D9%A8%D9%A0" title="١٨٨٠ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٨٨٠" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1880 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1880 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2423" title="พ.ศ. 2423 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2423" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1880" title="Соли 1880 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1880" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_%D0%B0%D1%80" title="1880 ар – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="1880 ар" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%D8%A1" title="1880ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1880ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880_nienz" title="1880 nienz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="1880 nienz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AB%E5%85%AB%E3%80%87%E5%B9%B4" title="一八八〇年 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="一八八〇年" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4" title="1880年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1880年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4" title="1880年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1880年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880%E5%B9%B4" title="1880年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1880年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880" title="1880 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1880" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7806#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1880" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:1880" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1880"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1880"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/1880" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/1880" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;oldid=1255846432" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&amp;page=1880&amp;id=1255846432&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F1880"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F1880"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=1880&amp;action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1880" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/1880" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Portal:1880" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7806" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Millennium</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd&#160;millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Centuries</a>: </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th&#160;century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th&#160;century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th&#160;century</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1860s" title="1860s">1860s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870s" title="1870s">1870s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1880s" title="1880s">1880s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1890s" title="1890s">1890s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900s" title="1900s">1900s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1877" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1877">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1878" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1878">1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1879" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1879">1879</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1880" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1880">1880</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1881" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1881">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1882" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1882">1882</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1883" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1883">1883</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1880" title="Category:1880">1880 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Humanities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_animation" title="1880 in animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_archaeology" title="1880 in archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_architecture" title="1880 in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_art" title="1880 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_literature" title="1880 in literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_poetry" title="1880 in poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_music" title="1880 in music">Music</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> By country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Australia" title="1880 in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Belgium" title="1880 in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Brazil" title="1880 in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Canada" title="1880 in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_China" title="1880 in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Denmark" title="1880 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_France" title="1880 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Germany" title="1880 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_New_Zealand" title="1880 in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Norway" title="1880 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Portugal" title="1880 in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Russia" title="1880 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_South_Africa" title="1880 in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_Sweden" title="1880 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1880 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_the_United_States" title="1880 in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Other topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_rail_transport" title="1880 in rail transport">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_science" title="1880 in science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_in_sports" title="1880 in sports">Sports</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Lists of leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_entities_in_the_19th_century" title="List of political entities in the 19th century">Sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1880" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1880">Sovereign state leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_19th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century">Territorial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_19th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 19th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880_in_law" title="Category:1880 in law">Law</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880_births" title="Category:1880 births">Births</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880_deaths" title="Category:1880 deaths">Deaths</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880_establishments" title="Category:1880 establishments">Establishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880_disestablishments" title="Category:1880 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880_works" title="Category:1880 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C19_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C19_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C19 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1880 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1880<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MDCCCLXXX</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2633</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1329<br />ԹՎ ՌՅԻԹ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6630</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí calendar</a></td><td>36–37</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1801–1802</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1287</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2830</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">British Regnal year</a></td><td>43&#160;<a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Vict.&#160;1</a>&#160;–&#160;44&#160;<a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Vict.&#160;1</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2424</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1242</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7388–7389</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">己卯</a>年 (Earth&#160;<a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />4577 or 4370<br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<i>—&#160;to&#160;—</i><br />庚辰年 (Metal&#160;<a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />4578 or 4371</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1596–1597</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>3046</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1872–1873</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5640–5641</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>&#160;- <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>1936–1937</td></tr><tr><td>&#160;- <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1801–1802</td></tr><tr><td>&#160;- <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>4980–4981</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11880</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>880–881</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1258–1259</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1297–1298</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Meiji_(era)" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji (era)">Meiji</a> 13<br />(明治13年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1808–1809</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 12 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>4213</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>32 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a><br />民前32年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>412</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2422–2423</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阴土兔年<br />(female Earth-<a href="/wiki/Rabbit_(zodiac)" title="Rabbit (zodiac)">Rabbit</a>)<br />2006 or 1625 or 853<br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<i>—&#160;to&#160;—</i><br />阳金龙年<br />(male Iron-<a href="/wiki/Dragon_(zodiac)" title="Dragon (zodiac)">Dragon</a>)<br />2007 or 1626 or 854</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1880" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1880">1880</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg/220px-Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg/330px-Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg/440px-Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">July 27</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maiwand" title="Battle of Maiwand">Battle of Maiwand</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_in_Afghanistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Battle_in_Afghanistan.jpg/220px-Battle_in_Afghanistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Battle_in_Afghanistan.jpg/330px-Battle_in_Afghanistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Battle_in_Afghanistan.jpg/440px-Battle_in_Afghanistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1006" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kandahar_(1880)" title="Battle of Kandahar (1880)">Battle of Kandahar (1880)</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>1880</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDCCCLXXX</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Thursday" title="Leap year starting on Thursday">leap year starting on Thursday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>&#160;and a <a href="/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Tuesday" title="Leap year starting on Tuesday">leap year starting on Tuesday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, the 1880th year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 880th year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd&#160;millennium</a>, the 80th year of the <a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th&#160;century</a>, and the 1st year of the <a href="/wiki/1880s" title="1880s">1880s</a> decade. As of the start of 1880, the Gregorian calendar was 12&#32;days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>January – The <a href="/wiki/Gokstad_ship" title="Gokstad ship">Gokstad ship</a> is found in Norway, the first <a href="/wiki/Viking_ship" title="Viking ship">Viking ship</a> burial to be excavated.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a> is granted a patent for the <a href="/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulb" title="Incandescent light bulb">incandescent light bulb</a>. Edison filed for a US patent for an electric lamp using "a carbon filament or strip coiled and connected ... to platina contact wires."<sup id="cite_ref-Patent898_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Patent898-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Although the patent described several ways of creating the carbon filament ,including using "cotton and linen thread, wood splints, papers coiled in various ways,"<sup id="cite_ref-Patent898_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Patent898-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Edison and his team later discovered that a carbonized <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a> filament could last more than 1200 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January" title="January">January</a> – The international <a href="/wiki/White_slave_trade_affair" title="White slave trade affair">White slave trade affair</a> scandal in Brussels is exposed and attracts international infamy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">February 2</a> <ul><li>The first electric <a href="/wiki/Streetlight" class="mw-redirect" title="Streetlight">streetlight</a> is installed in <a href="/wiki/Wabash,_Indiana" title="Wabash, Indiana">Wabash, Indiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>The first successful shipment of frozen <a href="/wiki/Mutton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutton">mutton</a> from Australia arrives in London, aboard the SS <i>Strathleven</i>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Black_Donnellys" title="Black Donnellys">Black Donnelly Massacre</a> takes the lives of five members of one family in <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Ontario" title="Middlesex County, Ontario">Biddulph Township</a>, <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Ontario" title="Middlesex County, Ontario">Middlesex County, Ontario</a>, Canada.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> – The <a href="/wiki/SS_Columbia_(1880)" title="SS Columbia (1880)">SS <i>Columbia</i></a>, which will be the first outside usage of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulb" title="Incandescent light bulb">incandescent light bulb</a>, is launched at the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_River_Iron_Ship_Building_and_Engine_Works" title="Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works">Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works</a> of <a href="/wiki/John_Roach_%26_Sons" title="John Roach &amp; Sons">John Roach &amp; Sons</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chester,_Pennsylvania" title="Chester, Pennsylvania">Chester, Pennsylvania</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April" title="April">April</a> – The government of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape Colony</a> sets a deadline for the Basuto people to surrender their weapons; non-compliance leads to the <a href="/wiki/Basuto_Gun_War" title="Basuto Gun War">Basuto Gun War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/1880_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1880 United Kingdom general election">1880 United Kingdom general election</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">William Ewart Gladstone</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Benjamin Disraeli</a>, to become <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> for the second time.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">April 19</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister of Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Gerhard_De_Geer" title="Louis Gerhard De Geer">Louis De Geer</a>, resigns over the defeat of a defense reform bill in the country's <a href="/wiki/Riksdag" title="Riksdag">Riksdag</a>; he is succeeded by Count <a href="/wiki/Arvid_Posse" title="Arvid Posse">Arvid Posse</a> (1880–1883).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Royal_University_of_Ireland" title="Royal University of Ireland">Royal University of Ireland</a> is founded by charter, allowing the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Ireland" title="Catholic University of Ireland">Catholic University of Ireland</a> to re-form as <a href="/wiki/University_College_Dublin" title="University College Dublin">University College Dublin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2</a> – After having her lights installed by Edison's personnel, the <a href="/wiki/SS_Columbia_(1880)" title="SS Columbia (1880)">SS <i>Columbia</i></a> is lit up for the first time at the foot of <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a>, in New York City.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_13" title="May 13">May 13</a> – In <a href="/wiki/Menlo_Park,_New_Jersey" title="Menlo Park, New Jersey">Menlo Park, New Jersey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a> performs the first test of his <a href="/wiki/Electric_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric railway">electric railway</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June" title="June">June</a> – The <a href="/wiki/SS_Columbia_(1880)" title="SS Columbia (1880)">SS <i>Columbia</i></a> sets off on her maiden voyage around <a href="/wiki/Cape_Horn" title="Cape Horn">Cape Horn</a> to <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, carrying 13 locomotives and 200 railcars.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1" title="June 1">June 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tinius_Olsen" title="Tinius Olsen">Tinius Olsen</a> is awarded a United States Patent, for the Little Giant Testing Machine.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">June 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> police capture bank robber <a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a>, after a gun battle at <a href="/wiki/Glenrowan,_Victoria" title="Glenrowan, Victoria">Glenrowan, Victoria</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – France annexes <a href="/wiki/Tahiti" title="Tahiti">Tahiti</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>July – <a href="/wiki/John_Venn" title="John Venn">John Venn</a> popularises <a href="/wiki/Venn_diagram" title="Venn diagram">Venn diagrams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_14" title="July 14">July 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Penitentiary" title="Dorchester Penitentiary">Dorchester Penitentiary</a> opens in Canada.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_22" title="July 22">July 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Abdur_Rahman_Khan" title="Abdur Rahman Khan">Abdur Rahman Khan</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/Emir_of_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Emir of Afghanistan">Emir of Afghanistan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">July 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="Second Anglo-Afghan War">Second Anglo-Afghan War</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maiwand" title="Battle of Maiwand">Battle of Maiwand</a>: Afghan troops under Ayub Khan defeat British and Indian forces, under <a href="/wiki/George_Burrows_(Indian_Army_officer)" title="George Burrows (Indian Army officer)">Brigadier General George Burrows</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_14" title="August 14">August 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Cologne_Cathedral" title="Cologne Cathedral">Cologne Cathedral</a> is completed, after construction began in <a href="/wiki/1248" title="1248">1248</a>, 632 years earlier.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24</a> – The <a href="/wiki/SS_Columbia_(1880)" title="SS Columbia (1880)">SS <i>Columbia</i></a> completes her maiden voyage, arriving without incident in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, after a stopover in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_26" title="August 26">August 26</a> – Competing circus owners <a href="/wiki/P._T._Barnum" title="P. T. Barnum">P. T. Barnum</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Anthony_Bailey" title="James Anthony Bailey">James A. Bailey</a> sign a contract in <a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Connecticut" title="Bridgeport, Connecticut">Bridgeport, Connecticut</a>, to create the <a href="/wiki/Barnum_%26_Bailey_Circus" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnum &amp; Bailey Circus">Barnum &amp; Bailey Circus</a>. In 1907, the circus will merge forces with another competitor, the <a href="/wiki/Ringling_Brothers_Circus" title="Ringling Brothers Circus">Ringling Brothers Circus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="Second Anglo-Afghan War">Second Anglo-Afghan War</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kandahar_(1880)" title="Battle of Kandahar (1880)">Battle of Kandahar</a>: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Roberts,_1st_Earl_Roberts" title="Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts">General Frederick Roberts</a>, commanding British forces, defeats the Afghan troops of <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ayub_Khan_(Emir_of_Afghanistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Ayub Khan (Emir of Afghanistan)">Mohammad Ayub Khan</a>, bringing an end to the war.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_1" title="October 1">October 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German</a> company <i><a href="/wiki/Munich_Re" title="Munich Re">Munich Re</a></i> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_6" title="October 6">October 6</a> – The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a> opens its doors to 53 students and 10 faculty.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">October 15</a> <ul><li>A <a href="/wiki/Blizzard" title="Blizzard">blizzard</a> marks the start of the <a href="/wiki/Hard_Winter_of_1880-81" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard Winter of 1880-81">Hard Winter</a> in North America.</li> <li>Mexican soldiers kill <a href="/wiki/Victorio" title="Victorio">Victorio</a>, one of the greatest <a href="/wiki/Apache_Tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Tribe">Apache</a> military strategists.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">October 28</a> – The first stone is laid for the <a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Memorial" title="Clarkson Memorial">Clarkson Memorial</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wisbech" title="Wisbech">Wisbech</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2" title="November 2">November 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election" title="1880 United States presidential election">1880 United States presidential election</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Garfield" class="mw-redirect" title="James Garfield">James Garfield</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Winfield_S._Hancock" class="mw-redirect" title="Winfield S. Hancock">Winfield S. Hancock</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – The first <a href="/wiki/Cash_register" title="Cash register">cash register</a> is patented by <a href="/wiki/James_Ritty" title="James Ritty">James</a> and John Ritty of <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">November 9</a> – A <a href="/wiki/1880_Zagreb_earthquake" title="1880 Zagreb earthquake">major earthquake</a> strikes <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> and destroys many buildings, including <a href="/wiki/Zagreb_Cathedral" title="Zagreb Cathedral">Zagreb Cathedral</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_11" title="November 11">November 11</a> – Australian bushranger and bank robber <a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a> is hanged in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">November 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">Vaudeville</a> actress <a href="/wiki/Lillian_Russell" title="Lillian Russell">Lillian Russell</a> makes her debut at <a href="/wiki/Tony_Pastor" title="Tony Pastor">Tony Pastor</a>'s Theatre, in New York City.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Flores" title="Manuel González Flores">Manuel González Flores</a> becomes the 31st <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President of Mexico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/First_Boer_War" title="First Boer War">First Boer War</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bronkhorstspruit" title="Battle of Bronkhorstspruit">Battle of Bronkhorstspruit</a> results in a Boer victory over the British.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_30" title="December 30">December 30</a> – The <a href="/wiki/South_African_Republic" title="South African Republic">Transvaal</a> becomes a republic, and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kruger" title="Paul Kruger">Paul Kruger</a> becomes its first president.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Savorgnan_de_Brazza" title="Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza">Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza</a> signs a treaty of protection with the chief of the large <a href="/wiki/Teke_people" title="Teke people">Teke</a> tribe, and begins to establish a French <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> on the north bank of the <a href="/wiki/Congo_River" title="Congo River">Congo River</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piezoelectricity" title="Piezoelectricity">Piezoelectricity</a> is discovered by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">Pierre Curie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Curie" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques Curie">Jacques Curie</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Capuchin_catacombs_of_Palermo" class="mw-redirect" title="Capuchin catacombs of Palermo">Capuchin catacombs of Palermo</a> are officially closed (there will be some burials afterwards).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Department_of_Scientific_Temperance_Instruction" class="mw-redirect" title="The Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction">The Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_Christian_Temperance_Union" title="Woman&#39;s Christian Temperance Union">Woman's Christian Temperance Union</a>, is established in the United States.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–February"><span id="January.E2.80.93February"></span>January&#8211;February</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: January–February"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Vajiravudh_(Rama_VI)_in_British_General%27s_uniform.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/King_Vajiravudh_%28Rama_VI%29_in_British_General%27s_uniform.jpg/100px-King_Vajiravudh_%28Rama_VI%29_in_British_General%27s_uniform.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/King_Vajiravudh_%28Rama_VI%29_in_British_General%27s_uniform.jpg/150px-King_Vajiravudh_%28Rama_VI%29_in_British_General%27s_uniform.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/King_Vajiravudh_%28Rama_VI%29_in_British_General%27s_uniform.jpg/200px-King_Vajiravudh_%28Rama_VI%29_in_British_General%27s_uniform.jpg 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/King_Vajiravudh" class="mw-redirect" title="King Vajiravudh">King Vajiravudh</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MacArthur_Manila.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/MacArthur_Manila.jpg/100px-MacArthur_Manila.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/MacArthur_Manila.jpg/150px-MacArthur_Manila.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/MacArthur_Manila.jpg/200px-MacArthur_Manila.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="4744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FranzMarccropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/FranzMarccropped.jpg/100px-FranzMarccropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/FranzMarccropped.jpg/150px-FranzMarccropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/FranzMarccropped.jpg/200px-FranzMarccropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="880" data-file-height="880" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Franz_Marc" title="Franz Marc">Franz Marc</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vajiravudh" title="Vajiravudh">Vajiravudh</a>, Rama VI, King of Siam (d. <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2" title="January 2">January 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Charles_Breguet" title="Louis Charles Breguet">Louis Charles Breguet</a>, French aircraft designer, builder and aviation pioneer (d. <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">January 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_Browne" title="Francis Browne">Francis Browne</a>, Irish Jesuit priest, famous for his last photos of the <a href="/wiki/Titanic" title="Titanic">RMS&#160;<i>Titanic</i></a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tom_Mix" title="Tom Mix">Tom Mix</a>, American Western film actor (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_10" title="January 10">January 10</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Aza%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Azaña">Manuel Azaña</a>, 2nd President of the Spanish Second Republic, 55th Prime Minister of Spain (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grock" title="Grock">Grock</a> (Charles Adrien Wettach), Swiss-born clown (d. <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_11" title="January 11">January 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Palm" title="Rudolph Palm">Rudolph Palm</a>, Curaçao-born composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">January 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mack_Sennett" title="Mack Sennett">Mack Sennett</a>, Canadian-born comedy film director, producer (d. <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_18" title="January 18">January 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrenfest" title="Paul Ehrenfest">Paul Ehrenfest</a>, Austrian-Dutch physicist (d. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_19" title="January 19">January 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henryk_Minkiewicz" title="Henryk Minkiewicz">Henryk Minkiewicz</a>, Polish general and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a>, American general (d. <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">January 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/W._C._Fields" title="W. C. Fields">W. C. Fields</a>, American actor, comedian (d. <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_5" title="February 5">February 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Voisin" title="Gabriel Voisin">Gabriel Voisin</a>, French aviation pioneer (d. <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_8" title="February 8">February 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Franz_Marc" title="Franz Marc">Franz Marc</a>, German artist (d. <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_12" title="February 12">February 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Preca" title="George Preca">George Preca</a>, Maltese saint (d. <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">February 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_J._Horne" title="Frederick J. Horne">Frederick J. Horne</a>, American four-star admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_19" title="February 19">February 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Obreg%C3%B3n" title="Álvaro Obregón">Álvaro Obregón</a>, 39th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President of Mexico</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_21" title="February 21">February 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_Bonsels" title="Waldemar Bonsels">Waldemar Bonsels</a>, German writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_22" title="February 22">February 22</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Lemming" title="Eric Lemming">Eric Lemming</a>, Swedish athlete (d. 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigyes_Riesz" title="Frigyes Riesz">Frigyes Riesz</a>, Hungarian mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Logue" title="Lionel Logue">Lionel Logue</a>, Australian speech and language therapist (d. <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="March–April"><span id="March.E2.80.93April"></span>March&#8211;April</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: March–April"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg/100px-Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg/150px-Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg/200px-Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="417" data-file-height="556" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso">Kuniaki Koiso</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_1" title="March 1">March 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lytton_Strachey" title="Lytton Strachey">Lytton Strachey</a>, English critic and biographer (d. <a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2" title="March 2">March 2</a>&#160;&#8211;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Vallon" title="René Vallon">René Vallon</a>, French aviator (d. <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">March 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Montagu_Love" title="Montagu Love">Montagu Love</a>, English actor (d. <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">March 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Oates" title="Lawrence Oates">Lawrence Oates</a>, British army officer and Antarctic explorer (d. <a href="/wiki/1912" title="1912">1912</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kalle_Hakala" title="Kalle Hakala">Kalle Hakala</a>, Finnish politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_21" title="March 21">March 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Broncho_Billy_Anderson" title="Broncho Billy Anderson">Broncho Billy Anderson</a>, American actor (d. <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">March 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso">Kuniaki Koiso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_23" title="March 23">March 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Heikki_Ritavuori" title="Heikki Ritavuori">Heikki Ritavuori</a>, Finnish Minister of the Interior (d. <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_27" title="March 27">March 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Hanna_McCormick" title="Ruth Hanna McCormick">Ruth Hanna McCormick</a>, American politician, activist and publisher (d. <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis_Wolheim" title="Louis Wolheim">Louis Wolheim</a>, American character actor (d. <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_30" title="March 30">March 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_O%27Casey" title="Seán O&#39;Casey">Seán O'Casey</a>, Irish writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_15" title="April 15">April 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Max_Wertheimer" title="Max Wertheimer">Max Wertheimer</a>, Austrian-born psychologist, father of Gestalt Theory (d. <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_18" title="April 18">April 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sam_Crawford" title="Sam Crawford">Sam Crawford</a>, American <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame">Baseball Hall of Famer</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="May–June"><span id="May.E2.80.93June"></span>May&#8211;June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: May–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirchner_1919_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kirchner_1919_portrait.jpg/100px-Kirchner_1919_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kirchner_1919_portrait.jpg/150px-Kirchner_1919_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kirchner_1919_portrait.jpg/200px-Kirchner_1919_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner" title="Ernst Ludwig Kirchner">Ernst Ludwig Kirchner</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helen_Keller_circa_1920_-_restored.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Helen_Keller_circa_1920_-_restored.jpg/100px-Helen_Keller_circa_1920_-_restored.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Helen_Keller_circa_1920_-_restored.jpg/150px-Helen_Keller_circa_1920_-_restored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Helen_Keller_circa_1920_-_restored.jpg/200px-Helen_Keller_circa_1920_-_restored.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3041" data-file-height="3892" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_6" title="May 6">May 6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ironside,_1st_Baron_Ironside" title="Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside">Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside</a>, British field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner" title="Ernst Ludwig Kirchner">Ernst Ludwig Kirchner</a>, German painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1938" title="1938">1938</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Joseph_Simmons" title="William Joseph Simmons">William Joseph Simmons</a>, American founder of the second <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_14" title="May 14">May 14</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._C._Forbes" title="B. C. Forbes">B. C. Forbes</a>, Scottish-born financial publisher (d. <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_List" title="Wilhelm List">Wilhelm List</a>, German field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_21" title="May 21">May 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Arghezi" title="Tudor Arghezi">Tudor Arghezi</a>, Romanian writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alf_Common" title="Alf Common">Alf Common</a>, English footballer (d. <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_29" title="May 29">May 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Spengler" title="Oswald Spengler">Oswald Spengler</a>, German philosopher (d. <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_6" title="June 6">June 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/W._T._Cosgrave" title="W. T. Cosgrave">W. T. Cosgrave</a>, Irish politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_15" title="June 15">June 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Osami_Nagano" title="Osami Nagano">Osami Nagano</a>, Japanese admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_17" title="June 17">June 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Van_Vechten" title="Carl Van Vechten">Carl Van Vechten</a>, American writer and photographer (d. <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_24" title="June 24">June 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_C%C3%A2ndido_Felisberto" title="João Cândido Felisberto">João Cândido Felisberto</a>, Brazilian sailor (d. <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_27" title="June 27">June 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a>, American spokeswoman for the deaf and blind, writer and lecturer (d. <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Beck" title="Ludwig Beck">Ludwig Beck</a>, German general, Chief of the General Staff (d. <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–August"><span id="July.E2.80.93August"></span>July&#8211;August</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: July–August"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik.jpg/100px-Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik.jpg/150px-Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik.jpg/200px-Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1548" data-file-height="2240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik" title="Milan Rastislav Štefánik">Milan Rastislav Štefánik</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Earle_Page_-_Falk_Studios_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Earle_Page_-_Falk_Studios_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Earle_Page_-_Falk_Studios_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Earle_Page_-_Falk_Studios_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Earle_Page_-_Falk_Studios_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Earle_Page_-_Falk_Studios_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Earle_Page_-_Falk_Studios_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="4409" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Earle_Page" title="Earle Page">Sir Earle Page</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacob_Merkelbach,_Afb_010164033306.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jacob_Merkelbach%2C_Afb_010164033306.jpg/100px-Jacob_Merkelbach%2C_Afb_010164033306.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jacob_Merkelbach%2C_Afb_010164033306.jpg/150px-Jacob_Merkelbach%2C_Afb_010164033306.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jacob_Merkelbach%2C_Afb_010164033306.jpg/200px-Jacob_Merkelbach%2C_Afb_010164033306.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4600" data-file-height="6204" /></a><figcaption>Queen <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands" title="Wilhelmina of the Netherlands">Wilhelmina of the Netherlands</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_5" title="July 5">July 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jan_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Jan Kubelík">Jan Kubelík</a>, Czech violinist (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_12" title="July 12">July 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tod_Browning" title="Tod Browning">Tod Browning</a>, American motion picture director, horror film pioneer (d. <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_15" title="July 15">July 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Guidoni" title="Alessandro Guidoni">Alessandro Guidoni</a>, Italian air force general (d. <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">July 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Milan_Rastislav_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nik" title="Milan Rastislav Štefánik">Milan Rastislav Štefánik</a>, Slovak General, politician and astronomer (d. <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_24" title="July 24">July 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Bloch" title="Ernest Bloch">Ernest Bloch</a>, Swiss-born American composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_28" title="July 28">July 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Vynnychenko" title="Volodymyr Vynnychenko">Volodymyr Vynnychenko</a>, 1st Prime Minister of Ukraine (d. <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_4" title="August 4">August 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Werner_von_Fritsch" title="Werner von Fritsch">Werner von Fritsch</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_8" title="August 8">August 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Earle_Page" title="Earle Page">Sir Earle Page</a>, 11th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister of Australia</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_12" title="August 12">August 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christy_Mathewson" title="Christy Mathewson">Christy Mathewson</a>, American baseball player (d.<a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Patou" title="Jean Patou">Jean Patou</a>, French fashion designer (d. <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_22" title="August 22">August 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Herriman" title="George Herriman">George Herriman</a>, American cartoonist (d. <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_26" title="August 26">August 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire" title="Guillaume Apollinaire">Guillaume Apollinaire</a>, French poet and dramatist (d. <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_29" title="August 29">August 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marie-Louise_Meilleur" title="Marie-Louise Meilleur">Marie-Louise Meilleur</a>, Canadian supercentenarian, oldest Canadian ever (d. <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_30" title="August 30">August 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Astrup" title="Nikolai Astrup">Nikolai Astrup</a>, Norwegian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_31" title="August 31">August 31</a> – Queen <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands" title="Wilhelmina of the Netherlands">Wilhelmina of the Netherlands</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="September–October"><span id="September.E2.80.93October"></span>September&#8211;October</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: September–October"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kullervo_Manner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kullervo_Manner.jpg/100px-Kullervo_Manner.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kullervo_Manner.jpg/150px-Kullervo_Manner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Kullervo_Manner.jpg/200px-Kullervo_Manner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="417" data-file-height="496" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kullervo_Manner" title="Kullervo Manner">Kullervo Manner</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/September_12" title="September 12">September 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">H. L. Mencken</a>, American journalist (d. <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_14" title="September 14">September 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Archie_Hahn" title="Archie Hahn">Archie Hahn</a>, American athlete (d. <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chujiro_Hayashi" title="Chujiro Hayashi">Chujiro Hayashi</a>, Japanese Reiki master (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_16" title="September 16">September 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Noyes" title="Alfred Noyes">Alfred Noyes</a>, English poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_20" title="September 20">September 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ugo_Cavallero" title="Ugo Cavallero">Ugo Cavallero</a>, Italian field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_22" title="September 22">September 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christabel_Pankhurst" title="Christabel Pankhurst">Christabel Pankhurst</a>, English suffragette (d. <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Orr" title="John Boyd Orr">John Boyd Orr</a>, Scottish physician and biologist, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Knauss" title="Sarah Knauss">Sarah Knauss</a>, American supercentenarian, oldest American ever, last surviving person born in 1880 (d. <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">September 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pier_Ruggero_Piccio" title="Pier Ruggero Piccio">Pier Ruggero Piccio</a>, Italian World War I fighter ace, air force general (d. <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_29" title="September 29">September 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Liberato_Pinto" title="Liberato Pinto">Liberato Pinto</a>, 78th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2" title="October 2">October 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_M._Condiescu" title="Nicolae M. Condiescu">Nicolae M. Condiescu</a>, Romanian novelist and general (d. <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">October 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ganga_Singh" title="Ganga Singh">Ganga Singh</a>, Maharaja of Bikaner (d. <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Damon_Runyon" title="Damon Runyon">Damon Runyon</a>, American writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_7" title="October 7">October 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hausser" title="Paul Hausser">Paul Hausser</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1972" title="1972">1972</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_12" title="October 12">October 12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel-Bruno_Gensoul" title="Marcel-Bruno Gensoul">Marcel-Bruno Gensoul</a>, French admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kullervo_Manner" title="Kullervo Manner">Kullervo Manner</a>, Finnish <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Finland" title="Speaker of the Parliament of Finland">Speaker of the Parliament</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Socialist_Workers%27_Republic" title="Finnish Socialist Workers&#39; Republic">Prime Minister of the FSWR</a> and the Supreme Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Guard_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Guard (Finland)">Red Guards</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_17" title="October 17">October 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ze%27ev_Jabotinsky" title="Ze&#39;ev Jabotinsky">Ze'ev Jabotinsky</a>, Russian Zionist philosopher, intellectual (d. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">October 23</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Yi" title="Hong Yi">Hong Yi</a>, born Li Shutong, Chinese Buddhist artist, art teacher (d. <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Una_O%27Connor_(actress)" title="Una O&#39;Connor (actress)">Una O'Connor</a>, Irish actress (d. <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_24" title="October 24">October 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antonina_De_Angelis" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonina De Angelis">Antonina De Angelis</a>, Italian <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> religious professed and blessed (d. <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="November–December"><span id="November.E2.80.93December"></span>November&#8211;December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: November–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg/100px-Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg/150px-Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg/200px-Alfred_Wegener_ca.1924-30.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="1480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Wegener" title="Alfred Wegener">Alfred Wegener</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_George_C._Marshall,_official_military_photo,_1946.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/General_George_C._Marshall%2C_official_military_photo%2C_1946.JPEG/100px-General_George_C._Marshall%2C_official_military_photo%2C_1946.JPEG" decoding="async" width="100" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/General_George_C._Marshall%2C_official_military_photo%2C_1946.JPEG/150px-General_George_C._Marshall%2C_official_military_photo%2C_1946.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/General_George_C._Marshall%2C_official_military_photo%2C_1946.JPEG/200px-General_George_C._Marshall%2C_official_military_photo%2C_1946.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="891" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Wegener" title="Alfred Wegener">Alfred Wegener</a>, German scientist, meteorologist (d. <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2" title="November 2">November 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Foulds" title="John Foulds">John Foulds</a>, English classical music composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_3" title="November 3">November 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Avra_Theodoropoulou" title="Avra Theodoropoulou">Avra Theodoropoulou</a>, Greek suffragist (d. <a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Oswald" title="Richard Oswald">Richard Oswald</a>, Austrian film director (d. <a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_6" title="November 6">November 6</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Robert Musil</a>, Austrian novelist (d. <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">November 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giles_Gilbert_Scott" title="Giles Gilbert Scott">Giles Gilbert Scott</a>, British architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_10" title="November 10">November 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Epstein" title="Jacob Epstein">Jacob Epstein</a>, American-born sculptor (d. <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_12" title="November 12">November 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Harold_Rainsford_Stark" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Rainsford Stark">Harold Rainsford Stark</a>, American admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1972" title="1972">1972</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">November 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Forbes_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="Charles Forbes (Royal Navy officer)">Charles Forbes</a>, British admiral (d. <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">November 25</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Flynn_(minister)" title="John Flynn (minister)">John Flynn</a>, Australian medical services pioneer (d. <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsie_J._Oxenham" title="Elsie J. Oxenham">Elsie J. Oxenham</a>, English children's novelist (d. <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">November 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sara_Allgood" title="Sara Allgood">Sara Allgood</a>, Irish-American actress (d. <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1" title="December 1">December 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Trumpeldor" title="Joseph Trumpeldor">Joseph Trumpeldor</a>, Russian Zionist (d. <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_3" title="December 3">December 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fedor_von_Bock" title="Fedor von Bock">Fedor von Bock</a>, German field marshal (d. <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">December 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Tarrant" title="Frank Tarrant">Frank Tarrant</a>, Australian cricketer (d. <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">December 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George C. Marshall</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–June"><span id="January.E2.80.93June"></span>January–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: January–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ana_Neri1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Ana_Neri1.jpg/110px-Ana_Neri1.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Ana_Neri1.jpg/165px-Ana_Neri1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Ana_Neri1.jpg/220px-Ana_Neri1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ana_Neri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ana Neri">Ana Neri</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eberhard_Anheuser.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Eberhard_Anheuser.jpg/110px-Eberhard_Anheuser.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Eberhard_Anheuser.jpg/165px-Eberhard_Anheuser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Eberhard_Anheuser.jpg/220px-Eberhard_Anheuser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3542" data-file-height="4952" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Anheuser" title="Eberhard Anheuser">Eberhard Anheuser</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_4" title="January 4">January 4</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_Feuerbach" title="Anselm Feuerbach">Anselm Feuerbach</a>, German painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1829" title="1829">1829</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marthe_Camille_Bachasson,_Count_of_Montalivet" title="Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of Montalivet">Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of Montalivet</a>, French statesman (b. <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_8" title="January 8">January 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joshua_A._Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="Joshua A. Norton">Joshua A. Norton</a>, self-anointed Emperor Norton I of the United States of America (b. <a href="/wiki/1811" title="1811">1811</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_12" title="January 12">January 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Lewis_Herndon_Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur">Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1837" title="1837">1837</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frederick_VIII,_Duke_of_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein">Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1829" title="1829">1829</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Captain_Moonlite" title="Captain Moonlite">Captain Moonlite</a>, Australian bushranger (hanged) (b. <a href="/wiki/1842" title="1842">1842</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">January 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Granier_de_Cassagnac" title="Adolphe Granier de Cassagnac">Adolphe Granier de Cassagnac</a>, French politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1806" title="1806">1806</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Zinin" title="Nikolay Zinin">Nikolay Zinin</a>, Russian organic chemist (b. <a href="/wiki/1812" title="1812">1812</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_29" title="February 29">February 29</a> – Sir <a href="/wiki/James_Milne_Wilson" title="James Milne Wilson">James Milne Wilson</a>, Premier of Tasmania (b. <a href="/wiki/1812" title="1812">1812</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_14" title="March 14">March 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pagan_Min" title="Pagan Min">Pagan Min</a>, King of Ava (b. <a href="/wiki/1811" title="1811">1811</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Henryk Wieniawski</a>, Polish composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1835" title="1835">1835</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23" title="April 23">April 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Raden_Saleh" title="Raden Saleh">Raden Saleh</a>, Indonesian painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1807" title="1807">1807</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Vinoy" title="Joseph Vinoy">Joseph Vinoy</a>, French general (b. <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2" title="May 2">May 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Anheuser" title="Eberhard Anheuser">Eberhard Anheuser</a>, German-American brewer, co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1806" title="1806">1806</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Hale_Waite_Cobb" class="mw-redirect" title="Eunice Hale Waite Cobb">Eunice Hale Waite Cobb</a>, American public speaker (b. <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wills" title="Tom Wills">Tom Wills</a>, Australian cricketer, pioneer of Australian rules football (b. <a href="/wiki/1835" title="1835">1835</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_4" title="May 4">May 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Clark_(governor)" title="Edward Clark (governor)">Edward Clark</a>, Confederate Governor of Texas (b. <a href="/wiki/1815" title="1815">1815</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_8" title="May 8">May 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Flaubert" title="Gustave Flaubert">Gustave Flaubert</a>, French novelist (b. <a href="/wiki/1821" title="1821">1821</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_20" title="May 20">May 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ana_N%C3%A9ri" title="Ana Néri">Ana Néri</a>, Brazilian nurse (b. <a href="/wiki/1814" title="1814">1814</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_8" title="June 8">June 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Alexandrovna_(Marie_of_Hesse)" title="Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)">Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)</a>, Empress Consort of <a href="/wiki/Czar" class="mw-redirect" title="Czar">Czar</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_II_of_Russia" title="Alexander II of Russia">Alexander II of Russia</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1824" title="1824">1824</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">June 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Texas_Jack_Omohundro" title="Texas Jack Omohundro">Texas Jack Omohundro</a>, American frontier scout, actor, and cowboy (b. <a href="/wiki/1846" title="1846">1846</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–December"><span id="July.E2.80.93December"></span>July–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: July–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Offenbach_by_Nadar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Jacques_Offenbach_by_Nadar.jpg/110px-Jacques_Offenbach_by_Nadar.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Jacques_Offenbach_by_Nadar.jpg/165px-Jacques_Offenbach_by_Nadar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Jacques_Offenbach_by_Nadar.jpg/220px-Jacques_Offenbach_by_Nadar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2501" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Jacques Offenbach</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Broca" title="Paul Broca">Paul Broca</a>, French physician and anthropologist (b. <a href="/wiki/1824" title="1824">1824</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_17" title="July 17">July 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tomasz_Cho%C5%82odecki" title="Tomasz Chołodecki">Tomasz Chołodecki</a>, Polish political activist (b. <a href="/wiki/1813" title="1813">1813</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_21" title="July 21">July 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hiram_Walden" title="Hiram Walden">Hiram Walden</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1800" title="1800">1800</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">August 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Bigler" title="William Bigler">William Bigler</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1814" title="1814">1814</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_15" title="August 15">August 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Neilson" title="Adelaide Neilson">Adelaide Neilson</a>, English actress (b. <a href="/wiki/1848" title="1848">1848</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_16" title="August 16">August 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Herschel_Vespasian_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Herschel Vespasian Johnson">Herschel Vespasian Johnson</a>, American politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1812" title="1812">1812</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_17" title="August 17">August 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ole_Bull" title="Ole Bull">Ole Bull</a>, Norwegian violinist (b. <a href="/wiki/1810" title="1810">1810</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_24" title="August 24">August 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chief_Ouray" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Ouray">Chief Ouray</a>, Native American leader (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1833" title="1833">1833</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">September 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Montt" title="Manuel Montt">Manuel Montt</a>, 5th President of Chile (b. <a href="/wiki/1809" title="1809">1809</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">September 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Tarleton_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="John Tarleton (Royal Navy officer)">John Tarleton</a>, British admiral (b. <a href="/wiki/1811" title="1811">1811</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">October 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Jacques Offenbach</a>, German-born French composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1819" title="1819">1819</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_14" title="October 14">October 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Victorio" title="Victorio">Victorio</a>, Chiricahua Apache chief (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1825" title="1825">1825</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_22" title="October 22">October 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_P%C3%A9naud" title="Alphonse Pénaud">Alphonse Pénaud</a>, French aviation pioneer (b. <a href="/wiki/1850" title="1850">1850</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_23" title="October 23">October 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bettino_Ricasoli" title="Bettino Ricasoli">Bettino Ricasoli</a>, Italian statesman (b. <a href="/wiki/1809" title="1809">1809</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_11" title="November 11">November 11</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly" title="Ned Kelly">Ned Kelly</a>, Australian bush ranger (hanged) (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1855" title="1855">1855</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucretia_Mott" title="Lucretia Mott">Lucretia Mott</a>, American social activist (b. <a href="/wiki/1793" title="1793">1793</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_13" title="November 13">November 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/August_Karl_von_Goeben" title="August Karl von Goeben">August Karl von Goeben</a>, Prussian general (b. <a href="/wiki/1816" title="1816">1816</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Redmond_Barry" title="Redmond Barry">Sir Redmond Barry</a>, Australian judge, sentenced Ned Kelly to death (b. <a href="/wiki/1813" title="1813">1813</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">November 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Aires_de_Ornelas_e_Vasconcelos" title="Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos">Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos</a>, (<a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a>) <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1837" title="1837">1837</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_30" title="November 30">November 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Threlfall" title="Jeanette Threlfall">Jeanette Threlfall</a>, English hymnwriter (b. <a href="/wiki/1821" title="1821">1821</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_7" title="December 7">December 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Giuseppa_Rossello" title="Maria Giuseppa Rossello">Maria Giuseppa Rossello</a>, Italian <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> religious sister and blessed (b. <a href="/wiki/1811" title="1811">1811</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_Tochman" title="Gaspar Tochman">Gaspar Tochman</a>, Polish-American soldier (b. <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_22" title="December 22">December 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Eliot" title="George Eliot">George Eliot</a>, English writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1819" title="1819">1819</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown_2">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manolache_Costache_Epureanu" title="Manolache Costache Epureanu">Manolache Costache Epureanu</a>, 2-time prime minister of Romania (b. <a href="/wiki/1823" title="1823">1823</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng_Akew" title="Ng Akew">Ng Akew</a>, Chinese businesswoman</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVinner2002" class="citation book cs1">Vinner, Max (2002). <i>Boats of the Viking Ship Museum</i>. Oslo: Viking Ship Museum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8785180636" title="Special:BookSources/978-8785180636"><bdi>978-8785180636</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Boats+of+the+Viking+Ship+Museum&amp;rft.place=Oslo&amp;rft.pub=Viking+Ship+Museum&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-8785180636&amp;rft.aulast=Vinner&amp;rft.aufirst=Max&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Patent898-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Patent898_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Patent898_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US223898">U.S. patent 0,223,898</a></span> granted 27 January 1880</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevy2002" class="citation book cs1">Levy, Joel (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reallyusefulorig00levy"><i>Really useful: the origins of everyday things</i></a></span>. New York: Firefly Books. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reallyusefulorig00levy/page/124">124</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781552976227" title="Special:BookSources/9781552976227"><bdi>9781552976227</bdi></a>. <q>bamboo filament edison patent 1200.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Really+useful%3A+the+origins+of+everyday+things&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=124&amp;rft.pub=Firefly+Books&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=9781552976227&amp;rft.aulast=Levy&amp;rft.aufirst=Joel&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freallyusefulorig00levy&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080724073937/http://www.electricmuseum.com/exhibits/arclamps/brush.shtml">"Brush Arc Lighting"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electricmuseum.com/exhibits/arclamps/brush.shtml">the original</a> on July 24, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Brush+Arc+Lighting&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electricmuseum.com%2Fexhibits%2Farclamps%2Fbrush.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Ben. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/England-History/PrimeMinisters.htm">"Prime Ministers of Britain"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 14,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Prime+Ministers+of+Britain&amp;rft.aulast=Johnson&amp;rft.aufirst=Ben&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historic-uk.com%2FHistoryUK%2FEngland-History%2FPrimeMinisters.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenn1880" class="citation journal cs1">Venn, J. (July 1880). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bhusnur4/cit592_fall2014/venn%20diagrams.pdf">"I. On the Diagrammatic and Mechanical Representation of Propositions and Reasonings"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London,_Edinburgh,_and_Dublin_Philosophical_Magazine_and_Journal_of_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science">The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science</a></i>. 5. <b>10</b> (59): 1–18. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14786448008626877">10.1080/14786448008626877</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516204620/https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bhusnur4/cit592_fall2014/venn%20diagrams.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 16, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+London%2C+Edinburgh%2C+and+Dublin+Philosophical+Magazine+and+Journal+of+Science&amp;rft.atitle=I.+On+the+Diagrammatic+and+Mechanical+Representation+of+Propositions+and+Reasonings&amp;rft.volume=10&amp;rft.issue=59&amp;rft.pages=1-18&amp;rft.date=1880-07&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14786448008626877&amp;rft.aulast=Venn&amp;rft.aufirst=J.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cis.upenn.edu%2F~bhusnur4%2Fcit592_fall2014%2Fvenn%2520diagrams.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786448008626877">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k68vAQAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PA1">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris1981" class="citation book cs1">Harris, Neil (1981). <i>Humbug: The Art of P. T. Barnum</i>. University of Chicago Press. p.&#160;250.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Humbug%3A+The+Art+of+P.+T.+Barnum&amp;rft.pages=250&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&amp;rft.date=1981&amp;rft.aulast=Harris&amp;rft.aufirst=Neil&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHensman2008" class="citation book cs1">Hensman, Howard (2008). <i>The Afghan War of 1879–80</i>. Lancer Publishers. p.&#160;532.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Afghan+War+of+1879%E2%80%9380&amp;rft.pages=532&amp;rft.pub=Lancer+Publishers&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.aulast=Hensman&amp;rft.aufirst=Howard&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.milenio.com/cultura/el-unico-presidente-de-mexico-juzgado-por-corrupcion">"El único presidente de México juzgado por corrupción"</a> &#91;The only president of Mexico tried for corruption&#93;, <i>Milenio</i> (in Spanish), Mexico City, March 22, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Milenio&amp;rft.atitle=El+%C3%BAnico+presidente+de+M%C3%A9xico+juzgado+por+corrupci%C3%B3n&amp;rft.date=2018-03-22&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.milenio.com%2Fcultura%2Fel-unico-presidente-de-mexico-juzgado-por-corrupcion&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S. P. Rosenbaum, 'Strachey, (Giles) Lytton (1880–1932)', <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/36338">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a>, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDépagniat1912" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dépagniat, Roger (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9808029q/f218.item.texteImage"><i>Les Martyrs de l'Aviation</i></a> &#91;<i>The Martyrs of Aviation</i>&#93; (in French). Paris: E. Basset and Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+Martyrs+de+l%27Aviation&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=E.+Basset+and+Co.&amp;rft.date=1912&amp;rft.aulast=D%C3%A9pagniat&amp;rft.aufirst=Roger&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k9808029q%2Ff218.item.texteImage&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110611192919/http://www.eduskunta.fi/triphome/bin/hx5000.sh?{hnro}=910400&amp;{kieli}=su&amp;{haku}=kaikki">"Kansanedustajat: Kalle Hakala"</a> (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland: <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Finland" title="Parliament of Finland">Parliament of Finland</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eduskunta.fi/triphome/bin/hx5000.sh?{hnro}=910400&amp;{kieli}=su&amp;{haku}=kaikki">the original</a> on June 11, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Kansanedustajat%3A+Kalle+Hakala&amp;rft.place=Helsinki%2C+Finland&amp;rft.pub=Parliament+of+Finland&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eduskunta.fi%2Ftriphome%2Fbin%2Fhx5000.sh%3F%7Bhnro%7D%3D910400%26%7Bkieli%7D%3Dsu%26%7Bhaku%7D%3Dkaikki&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO&#39;Casey,_SeanKrause,_DavidLowery,_Robert_G.1980" class="citation book cs1">O'Casey, Sean; Krause, David; Lowery, Robert G. (1980). <i>Sean O'Casey, Centenary Essays</i>. C. Smythe. pp.&#160;1–2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86140-008-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86140-008-9"><bdi>978-0-86140-008-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Sean+O%27Casey%2C+Centenary+Essays&amp;rft.pages=1-2&amp;rft.pub=C.+Smythe&amp;rft.date=1980&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-86140-008-9&amp;rft.au=O%27Casey%2C+Sean&amp;rft.au=Krause%2C+David&amp;rft.au=Lowery%2C+Robert+G.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2014" class="citation cs2">White, Edward (2014), <i>The Tastemaker: Carl Van Vechten and the Birth of Modern America</i>, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-20157-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-20157-9"><bdi>978-0-374-20157-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Tastemaker%3A+Carl+Van+Vechten+and+the+Birth+of+Modern+America&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-374-20157-9&amp;rft.aulast=White&amp;rft.aufirst=Edward&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNielsen2007" class="citation journal cs1">Nielsen, Kim E. (2007). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242408791">"The Southern Ties of Helen Keller"</a></span>. <i>Journal of Southern History</i>. <b>73</b> (4): 783–806. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F27649568">10.2307/27649568</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27649568">27649568</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220109211522/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242408791_The_Southern_Ties_of_Helen_Keller">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Southern+History&amp;rft.atitle=The+Southern+Ties+of+Helen+Keller&amp;rft.volume=73&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=783-806&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F27649568&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27649568%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Nielsen&amp;rft.aufirst=Kim+E.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F242408791&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnnette_Becker" class="citation web cs1">Annette Becker. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/apollinaire_guillaume/">"Apollinaire, Guillaume"</a>. <i>International Encyclopedia of the First World War</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+the+First+World+War&amp;rft.atitle=Apollinaire%2C+Guillaume&amp;rft.au=Annette+Becker&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net%2Farticle%2Fapollinaire_guillaume%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rod_L._Evans" title="Rod L. Evans">Evans, Rod L.</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/libertarianism/n196.xml">"Mencken, H. L. (1880–1956)"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Hamowy" title="Ronald Hamowy">Hamowy, Ronald</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yxNgXs3TkJYC"><i>The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism</i></a>. Thousand Oaks, CA: <a href="/wiki/SAGE_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE Publishing">Sage</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cato_Institute" title="Cato Institute">Cato Institute</a>. pp.&#160;324–325. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4135%2F9781412965811.n196">10.4135/9781412965811.n196</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-6580-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-6580-4"><bdi>978-1-4129-6580-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2008009151">2008009151</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/750831024">750831024</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Mencken%2C+H.+L.+%281880%E2%80%931956%29&amp;rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Libertarianism&amp;rft.place=Thousand+Oaks%2C+CA&amp;rft.pages=324-325&amp;rft.pub=Sage%3B+Cato+Institute&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F750831024&amp;rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2008009151&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4135%2F9781412965811.n196&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4129-6580-4&amp;rft.aulast=Evans&amp;rft.aufirst=Rod+L.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.sagepub.com%2Freference%2Flibertarianism%2Fn196.xml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Birth Announcement". The (Manhattan, Kansas) Nationalist. October 7, 1880.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Birth+Announcement&amp;rft.date=1880-10-07&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://finland100.fi/persons/manner-kullervo/">"Manner, Kullervo – Svinhufvud"</a>. <i>Finland100.fi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Finland100.fi&amp;rft.atitle=Manner%2C+Kullervo+%E2%80%93+Svinhufvud&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffinland100.fi%2Fpersons%2Fmanner-kullervo%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.immigrantentrepreneurship.org/entries/eberhard-anheuser/">"Eberhard Anheuser"</a>. <i>immigrantentrepreneurship.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=immigrantentrepreneurship.org&amp;rft.atitle=Eberhard+Anheuser&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.immigrantentrepreneurship.org%2Fentries%2Feberhard-anheuser%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Gosse" title="Edmund Gosse">Edmund Gosse</a> (1911) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theodora.com/encyclopedia/f/gustave_flaubert.html"><i>Flaubert, Gustave</i></a> entry in <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition</a>, Volume 10, Slice 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/eliot_george.shtml">"George Eliot"</a>. BBC History. October 15, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=George+Eliot&amp;rft.pub=BBC+History&amp;rft.date=2009-10-15&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fhistoric_figures%2Feliot_george.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1880" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading_and_year_books">Further reading and year books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading and year books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/appletonsannual10unkngoog"><i>1880 Annual Cyclopedia</i> (1881)</a> highly detailed coverage of "Political, Military, and Ecclesiastical Affairs; Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry" for year 1880; massive compilation of facts and primary documents; worldwide coverage; 756 pp</li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐8467977cd8‐zpvck Cached time: 20241128140601 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.653 seconds Real time usage: 0.925 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 6149/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 64181/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3007/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 37/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 85797/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.334/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 20297451/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 765.687 1 -total 32.10% 245.820 1 Template:C19_year_in_topic 24.92% 190.811 1 Template:Reflist 17.47% 133.730 1 Template:Sidebar 16.66% 127.578 1 Template:Year_article_header 16.63% 127.330 1 Template:Year_nav 14.33% 109.687 1 Template:Year_article_header/zc 13.61% 104.244 6 Template:Cite_book 12.25% 93.810 1 Template:Lang 8.30% 63.539 1 Template:Commons_category --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:34773-0!canonical and timestamp 20241128140601 and revision id 1255846432. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;oldid=1255846432">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;oldid=1255846432</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880" title="Category:1880">1880</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leap_years_in_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar">Leap years in the Gregorian calendar</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Finnish-language_sources_(fi)" title="Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)">CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 November 2024, at 23:25<span class="anonymous-show">&#160;(UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1880&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-qndmp","wgBackendResponseTime":148,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.653","walltime":"0.925","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6149,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":64181,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3007,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":37,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":85797,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 765.687 1 -total"," 32.10% 245.820 1 Template:C19_year_in_topic"," 24.92% 190.811 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.47% 133.730 1 Template:Sidebar"," 16.66% 127.578 1 Template:Year_article_header"," 16.63% 127.330 1 Template:Year_nav"," 14.33% 109.687 1 Template:Year_article_header/zc"," 13.61% 104.244 6 Template:Cite_book"," 12.25% 93.810 1 Template:Lang"," 8.30% 63.539 1 Template:Commons_category"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.334","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20297451,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.canary-8467977cd8-zpvck","timestamp":"20241128140601","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"1880","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1880","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7806","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7806","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-16T18:07:50Z","dateModified":"2024-11-06T23:25:06Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c3\/Royal_Horse_Artillery_and_the_66th_Foot_before_the_Battle_of_Maiwand.jpg","headline":"year"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10