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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Hollywood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hollywood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Later career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acting_techniques,_reputation_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acting_techniques,_reputation_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Acting techniques, reputation and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acting_techniques,_reputation_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Legacy and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio_appearances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio_appearances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Radio appearances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio_appearances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul Muni</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 53 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="بول ميوني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بول ميوني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پل مونی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پل مونی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="পল মুনি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পল মুনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Пол Муні – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пол Муні" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Пол Муні – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пол Муні" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Пол Муни – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пол Муни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B9" title="Πολ Μιούνι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολ Μιούνι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پل مونی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پل مونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EB%AC%B4%EB%8B%88" title="폴 무니 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폴 무니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D5%AC_%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB" title="Պոլ Մունի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պոլ Մունի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_(%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%9F)" title="פול מוני (שחקן) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פול מוני (שחקן)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pols_Muni" title="Pols Muni – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pols Muni" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="പോൾ മുനി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പോൾ മുനി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="पॉल मुनी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पॉल मुनी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="პოლ მუნი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პოლ მუნი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89" title="بول ميونى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بول ميونى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A0%E3%83%8B" title="ポール・ムニ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポール・ムニ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Пол Муни – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пол Муни" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%86%D9%84_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پۆل میوونی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پۆل میوونی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Пол Мјуни – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пол Мјуни" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="พอล มุนี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พอล มุนี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Пол Муні – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пол Муні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Muni" title="Paul Muni – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Paul Muni" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%BC" title="保羅·穆尼 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="保羅·穆尼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182292#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the comedy writer and actor, see <a href="/wiki/Paul_Mooney_(comedian)" title="Paul Mooney (comedian)">Paul Mooney (comedian)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Paul Muni</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Muni_-_Zola_-_1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Paul_Muni_-_Zola_-_1936.jpg/220px-Paul_Muni_-_Zola_-_1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Paul_Muni_-_Zola_-_1936.jpg/330px-Paul_Muni_-_Zola_-_1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Paul_Muni_-_Zola_-_1936.jpg 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="490" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Muni in 1936</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Frederich Meshilem Meier Weisenfreund</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1895-09-22</span>)</span>September 22, 1895<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Lemberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemberg">Lemberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a><br />(now <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">August 25, 1967<span style="display:none">(1967-08-25)</span> (aged 71)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Montecito,_California" title="Montecito, California">Montecito, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Forever_Cemetery" title="Hollywood Forever Cemetery">Hollywood Forever Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Muni Weisenfreund</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Actor</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1908–1962</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Bella Finkel</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1921)<wbr /></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Paul Muni</b> (born <b>Frederich Meshilem Meier Weisenfreund</b>; September 22, 1895<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – August 25, 1967) was an American stage and film actor from <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. He started his acting career in the <a href="/wiki/Yiddish_theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish theater">Yiddish theater</a> and during the 1930s, he was considered one of the most prestigious actors at the <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> studio and was given the rare privilege of choosing his own parts. </p><p>Muni often played powerful characters, such as the lead role in <i><a href="/wiki/Scarface_(1932_film)" title="Scarface (1932 film)">Scarface</a></i> (1932), and was known for his intense preparation for his parts, often immersing himself in the study of the real characters' traits and mannerisms. He was also highly skilled in makeup techniques, a talent that he had learned from his parents, who were also actors, and from his early years on stage with the Yiddish theater in Chicago. At the age of 12, he played the stage role of an 80-year-old man, and in the film <i><a href="/wiki/Seven_Faces" title="Seven Faces">Seven Faces</a>,</i> he played seven characters. </p><p>Muni appeared in 22 films and was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a> five times, winning the award for his role in the 1936 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Louis_Pasteur" title="The Story of Louis Pasteur">The Story of Louis Pasteur</a></i>. He also starred in numerous <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(theatre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadway (theatre)">Broadway</a> plays and won the <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Actor_in_a_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play">Best Actor in a Play</a> for his role in the 1955 production of <i><a href="/wiki/Inherit_the_Wind_(play)" title="Inherit the Wind (play)">Inherit the Wind</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Paul_Muni" title="Special:EditPage/Paul Muni">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Paul+Muni%22">"Paul Muni"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Paul+Muni%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Paul+Muni%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Paul+Muni%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Paul+Muni%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Paul+Muni%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Muni was born in 1895 as Frederich Meier Weisenfreund to a <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> family in <a href="/wiki/Lemberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemberg">Lemberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Central_Europe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Galicia (Central Europe)">Galicia</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>). His Hebrew name was Meshilem. His parents were Salli (born Khaya Tsilke Fishler) and Phillip Weisenfreund.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He learned <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a> as his first language. When he was seven, he emigrated with his family to the United States in 1902; they settled in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Muni_as_Louis_Pasteur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2a/Paul_Muni_as_Louis_Pasteur.jpg/220px-Paul_Muni_as_Louis_Pasteur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2a/Paul_Muni_as_Louis_Pasteur.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="242" data-file-height="255" /></a><figcaption>Muni's makeup skills were used for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Louis_Pasteur" title="The Story of Louis Pasteur">The Story of Louis Pasteur</a></i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>As a boy, he was known as "Moony".<sup id="cite_ref-adler_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adler-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He started his acting career in the Yiddish theatre in Chicago with his parents, who were both actors. As a teenager, he developed skill in creating makeup, which enabled him to play much older characters.<sup id="cite_ref-Actors_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Actors-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Film historian <a href="/wiki/Robert_Osborne" title="Robert Osborne">Robert Osborne</a> notes that Muni's makeup skills were so creative that for most of his roles, "he transformed his appearance so completely, he was dubbed 'the new <a href="/wiki/Lon_Chaney" title="Lon Chaney">Lon Chaney</a>.'" In his first stage role at the age of 12, Muni played the role of an 80-year-old man.<sup id="cite_ref-Osborne_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Osborne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was quickly recognized by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Schwartz" title="Maurice Schwartz">Maurice Schwartz</a>, who signed him to perform in his <a href="/wiki/Yiddish_Art_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish Art Theater">Yiddish Art Theater</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 1925 <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i> article mentioned <a href="/wiki/Sam_Kasten" title="Sam Kasten">Sam Kasten</a>'s and Muni's performances at the People's Theater among the highlights of the year's Yiddish theater season, describing them as second only to <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Satz" title="Ludwig Satz">Ludwig Satz</a>. </p><p>Muni began acting on <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadway theater">Broadway</a> in 1926. His first role was that of an elderly Jewish man in the play <i>We Americans</i>, written by playwrights Max Siegel and Milton Herbert Gropper. It was the first time that he had acted in English. </p><p>In 1921, he married Bella Finkel (February 8, 1898 – October 1, 1971), an actress in the Yiddish theatre and daughter of <a href="/wiki/Moishe_Finkel" title="Moishe Finkel">Moishe Finkel</a>. They remained married until Muni's death in 1967. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hollywood">Hollywood</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Hollywood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1929, Muni was signed by <a href="/wiki/Fox_Film_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Film Corporation">Fox</a>. His name was simplified and anglicized to Paul Muni (derived from his nickname of youth "Moony"). His acting talents were quickly recognized, and he received an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a> nomination for his first film, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Valiant_(1929_film)" title="The Valiant (1929 film)">The Valiant</a></i> (1929), although the film fared poorly at the box office.<sup id="cite_ref-Actors_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Actors-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His second film, <i>Seven Faces</i> (also 1929), was also a financial failure. Unhappy with the roles offered to him, he returned to Broadway, where he starred in a major hit play, <i>Counsellor at Law</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Osborne_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Osborne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muni soon returned to Hollywood to star in provocative <a href="/wiki/Pre-Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Code">pre-Code</a> films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Scarface_(1932_film)" title="Scarface (1932 film)">Scarface</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_a_Fugitive_from_a_Chain_Gang" title="I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang">I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang</a></i> (both 1932). For his role in <i>I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang</i>, Muni was nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor. His acclaim as a result of his performance impressed Warner Bros., which signed him to a long-term contract, publicizing him as "the screen's greatest actor."<sup id="cite_ref-Osborne_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Osborne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:25em; ; color: #202122;background-color: Cornsilk;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>I had been wanting to see <i>Scarface</i> since 1974 ... The film just stopped me in my tracks. All I wanted to do was imitate Paul Muni. His acting went beyond the boundaries of naturalism into another kind of expression. It was almost abstract what he did. It was almost uplifting. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Al Pacino<sup id="cite_ref-pacino_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pacino-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p><i>Scarface</i>, part of a cycle of <a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">gangster films</a> at the time,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was written by <a href="/wiki/Ben_Hecht" title="Ben Hecht">Ben Hecht</a><sup id="cite_ref-Corliss_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Corliss-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6">: 6 </span></sup> and directed by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hawks" title="Howard Hawks">Howard Hawks</a>. Critic <a href="/wiki/Richard_Corliss" title="Richard Corliss">Richard Corliss</a> noted in 1974 that while it was a serious gangster film, it also "manages both to congratulate journalism for its importance and to chastise it for its chicanery, by underlining the newspapers' complicity in promoting the underworld image."<sup id="cite_ref-Corliss_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Corliss-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 10">: 10 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1935, Muni persuaded Warner Bros. to take a financial risk by producing the successful historical biography <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Louis_Pasteur" title="The Story of Louis Pasteur">The Story of Louis Pasteur</a></i>. This became Muni's first of many biographical roles. Until that film, most Warner Bros. stories had originated from current events and major news stories, with the notable exceptions of <a href="/wiki/George_Arliss" title="George Arliss">George Arliss</a>'s earlier biographical films <i><a href="/wiki/Disraeli_(1929_film)" title="Disraeli (1929 film)">Disraeli</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton_(film)" title="Alexander Hamilton (film)">Alexander Hamilton</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Voltaire_(film)" title="Voltaire (film)">Voltaire</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Osborne_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Osborne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muni won an Oscar for his performance. </p><p>Muni played other historical figures, including <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_of_Emile_Zola" title="The Life of Emile Zola">The Life of Emile Zola</a></i> (1937), for which he was again nominated for an Oscar.<sup id="cite_ref-denby_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-denby-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film won Best Picture and was interpreted as indirectly attacking the repression of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-denby_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-denby-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also played the lead role in <i><a href="/wiki/Juarez_(1939_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Juarez (1939 film)">Juarez</a></i> (1939). </p><p>In 1937, Muni played a Chinese peasant with a new bride in a film adaptation of <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Buck" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearl Buck">Pearl Buck</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Earth_(film)" title="The Good Earth (film)">The Good Earth</a></i>. The film was a recreation of a revolutionary period in China and included special effects for a locust attack and the overthrow of the government. Because Muni was not of Asian descent, when producer <a href="/wiki/Irving_Thalberg" title="Irving Thalberg">Irving Thalberg</a> offered him the role, he said, "I'm about as Chinese as [President] <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-Osborne_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Osborne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dissatisfied with life in Hollywood, Muni chose not to renew his contract. He returned to the screen only occasionally in later years for such roles as <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Frédéric Chopin</a>'s teacher in <i><a href="/wiki/A_Song_to_Remember" title="A Song to Remember">A Song to Remember</a></i> (1945). In 1946, he played a rare comic role in <i><a href="/wiki/Angel_on_My_Shoulder_(film)" title="Angel on My Shoulder (film)">Angel on My Shoulder</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AlvinPlayhouse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/AlvinPlayhouse.jpg/220px-AlvinPlayhouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/AlvinPlayhouse.jpg/330px-AlvinPlayhouse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/AlvinPlayhouse.jpg/440px-AlvinPlayhouse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption>New York City opening of <i>A Flag is Born</i> (1946)</figcaption></figure> <p>Muni then focused most of his energies on stage work, and occasionally on television roles. In 1946, he appeared on Broadway in <i><a href="/wiki/A_Flag_is_Born" class="mw-redirect" title="A Flag is Born">A Flag is Born</a></i>, written by Ben Hecht, to help promote the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> state in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This play was directed by <a href="/wiki/Luther_Adler" title="Luther Adler">Luther Adler</a> and co-starred <a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a>. Years later, in response to a question put to him by Alan King, Brando stated that Muni was the greatest actor he ever saw. At London's <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Theatre_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix Theatre (London)">Phoenix Theatre</a> on July 28, 1949, Muni began a run as <a href="/wiki/Willy_Loman" title="Willy Loman">Willy Loman</a> in the first British production of <i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman" title="Death of a Salesman">Death of a Salesman</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a>. He took over from <a href="/wiki/Lee_J._Cobb" title="Lee J. Cobb">Lee J. Cobb</a>, who had played the principal role in the original Broadway production. Both productions were directed by <a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a>. </p><p>In 1952, Muni traveled to Italy to star in <i><a href="/wiki/Stranger_on_the_Prowl" title="Stranger on the Prowl">Stranger on the Prowl</a></i> directed by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Losey" title="Joseph Losey">Joseph Losey</a>, partly as an act of solidarity and support for blacklisted friends living abroad in exile. </p><p>A few years later, during 1955 and 1956, Muni had his biggest stage success in the United States as the crusading lawyer, Henry Drummond (based on <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Darrow" title="Clarence Darrow">Clarence Darrow</a>), in <i><a href="/wiki/Inherit_the_Wind_(play)" title="Inherit the Wind (play)">Inherit the Wind</a></i>, winning a <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Performance_by_a_Leading_Actor_in_a_Play" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play">Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play</a>. In late August 1955, Muni was forced to withdraw from the play due to a serious eye ailment causing deterioration in his eyesight. He was later replaced by actor <a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Douglas" title="Melvyn Douglas">Melvyn Douglas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early September 1955, Muni, then 59 years old, was diagnosed with a tumor of the left eye. The eye was removed in an operation at Mt. Sinai Hospital in New York. His right eye was reported to be normal.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early December 1955, Muni returned to his starring role as Henry Drummond in <i>Inherit the Wind</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His last movie role was as an aging doctor in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Angry_Man" title="The Last Angry Man">The Last Angry Man</a></i> (1959), and he was again nominated for an Oscar. After that, Muni mostly retired from acting to deal with failing eyesight and other health problems.<sup id="cite_ref-Osborne_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Osborne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He made his final screen appearance on television, in a guest role on the dramatic series <i><a href="/wiki/Saints_and_Sinners_(1962_TV_series)" title="Saints and Sinners (1962 TV series)">Saints and Sinners</a></i> in 1962. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acting_techniques,_reputation_and_legacy"><span id="Acting_techniques.2C_reputation_and_legacy"></span>Acting techniques, reputation and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Acting techniques, reputation and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muni_Scarface_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Muni_Scarface_2.JPG/300px-Muni_Scarface_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Muni_Scarface_2.JPG/450px-Muni_Scarface_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Muni_Scarface_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption>Paul Muni in the trailer for <i>Scarface</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Muni was noted for his intense preparation for his roles, especially the biographies. While preparing for <i>The Story of Louis Pasteur</i>, Muni said, "I read most everything that was in the library, and everything I could lay my hands on that had to do with Pasteur, with <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister,_1st_Baron_Lister" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister">Lister</a>, or with his contemporaries."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He did the same in preparing for his role as Henry Drummond, based on Clarence Darrow, in the play <i>Inherit the Wind</i>. He read what he could find, talked to people who knew Darrow personally, and studied physical mannerisms from photographs of him. "To Paul Muni, acting was not just a career, but an obsession", writes <i>The New York Times</i>. They note that despite his enormous success both on Broadway and in films, "he threw himself into each role with a sense of dedication." Playwright <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a> commented that Muni "was pursued by a fear of failure."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Muni was born into an acting family, with both of his parents professional actors, "he learned his craft carefully and thoroughly." On stage, "a Muni whisper could reach the last balcony of any theater", writes the <i>Times</i>. It wrote that his style "had drawn into it the warmth of the Yiddish stage", in which he made his debut at the age of 12. In addition, his technique in using makeup "was a work of art." Combined with acting which followed no "method", he perfected his control of voice and gestures into an acting style that was "unique."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Film historian <a href="/wiki/David_Shipman_(writer)" title="David Shipman (writer)">David Shipman</a> described Muni as "an actor of great integrity",<sup id="cite_ref-Shipman_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shipman-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> noting he meticulously prepared for his roles. Muni was widely recognized as eccentric if talented: he objected to anyone wearing red in his presence, and he could often be found between sessions playing his <a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">violin</a>. Over the years, he became increasingly dependent on his wife, Bella, a dependence which increased as his failing eyesight turned to blindness in his final years.<sup id="cite_ref-Shipman_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shipman-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muni was "inflexible on matters of taste and principle", once turning down an $800,000 movie contract because he was not happy with the studio's choice of film roles.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Muni was considered one of the best film actors of the 1930s, some film critics such as <a href="/wiki/David_Thomson_(film_critic)" title="David Thomson (film critic)">David Thomson</a><sup id="cite_ref-thomson_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thomson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sarris" title="Andrew Sarris">Andrew Sarris</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> accuse him of overacting. Thomson described Muni as "a crucial negative illustration in any argument as to what constitutes screen acting."<sup id="cite_ref-thomson_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thomson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>German director <a href="/wiki/William_Dieterle" title="William Dieterle">William Dieterle</a>, who directed him in his three biopics, also frequently accused him of overacting, despite his respect for the actor.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_and_Bella_Muni,_1937.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paul_and_Bella_Muni%2C_1937.jpg/170px-Paul_and_Bella_Muni%2C_1937.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paul_and_Bella_Muni%2C_1937.jpg/255px-Paul_and_Bella_Muni%2C_1937.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paul_and_Bella_Muni%2C_1937.jpg/340px-Paul_and_Bella_Muni%2C_1937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2071" data-file-height="2969" /></a><figcaption>Muni with his wife Bella at the premier of <i>Life of Emile Zola</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In his private life, Muni was considered to be very shy and was uncomfortable with being recognized in public. He enjoyed reading and taking walks with his wife in secluded sections of <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a>. </p><p>Muni campaigned for the reelection of President <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> in 1932.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After retiring from acting, he lived in California. In his den, which he called his "Shangri-La", he spent time reading books and listening to the radio.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Muni died of a heart disorder in <a href="/wiki/Montecito,_California" title="Montecito, California">Montecito, California</a> in 1967 at the age of 71. He is interred at the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Forever_Cemetery" title="Hollywood Forever Cemetery">Hollywood Forever Cemetery</a> in Hollywood. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_and_honors">Legacy and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Muni had four official <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> nominations for Best Actor, winning for <i>The Story of Louis Pasteur</i> (1936) and receiving official nominations for <i>I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang</i> (1932), <i>The Life of Emile Zola</i> (1937) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Angry_Man" title="The Last Angry Man">The Last Angry Man</a></i> (1959). His nomination for the film <i>The Valiant</i> (1929) is unofficial because at the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Academy_Awards" title="2nd Academy Awards">2nd Academy Awards</a>, acting nominees were not announced, only the winners' names.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muni's performance in <i>Black Fury</i> was not nominated for an Oscar. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle" title="New York Film Critics Circle">New York Film Critics Circle Award</a> for <i>The Life of Emile Zola</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Awards" title="Tony Awards">Tony Award</a> for Best Actor in <i>Inherit the Wind</i></li> <li>A star was installed in his honor on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a> at 6435 Hollywood Blvd.</li> <li>A film musical titled <i>Actor: The Paul Muni Story</i> (1978) was based on his life, with <a href="/wiki/Herschel_Bernardi" title="Herschel Bernardi">Herschel Bernardi</a> starring.</li> <li>A biography titled <i><a href="/wiki/Actor:_The_Life_and_Times_of_Paul_Muni" title="Actor: The Life and Times of Paul Muni">Actor: The Life and Times of Paul Muni</a></i> (1974) was written by <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Lawrence" title="Jerome Lawrence">Jerome Lawrence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Referring to his childhood during the Great Depression, <a href="/wiki/Hawkeye_Pierce" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawkeye Pierce">Hawkeye Pierce</a> in the "Hawkeye" episode of the television series <i><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H*" class="mw-redirect" title="M*A*S*H*">M*A*S*H*</a></i> says: "You knew where you stood in those days. <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Roosevelt">Franklin Roosevelt</a> was always president, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a> was always the champ, and Paul Muni played everybody."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muni and <a href="/wiki/George_Raft" title="George Raft">George Raft</a> appeared as characters in the fifth season of <i><a href="/wiki/Boardwalk_Empire" title="Boardwalk Empire">Boardwalk Empire</a></i>, meeting with <a href="/wiki/Al_Capone" title="Al Capone">Al Capone</a> to discuss the film <i>Scarface</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Comedian and actor <a href="/wiki/Paul_Mooney_(comedian)" title="Paul Mooney (comedian)">Paul Mooney</a> took his stage name, which was also his childhood nickname, from Muni.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row">Year </th> <th scope="row">Title </th> <th scope="row">Role </th> <th scope="row" class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1929.1 !">1929</span> </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="valiant !"><a href="/wiki/The_Valiant_(1929_film)" title="The Valiant (1929 film)">The Valiant</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="dyke !">James Dyke</span> </td> <td>Nominated — <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1929.2 !">1929</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Seven_Faces" title="Seven Faces">Seven Faces</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="chibou !">Papa Chibou / Diablero / Willie Smith /<br /><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Franz Schubert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Don_Juan" title="Don Juan">Don Juan</a> / Joe Gans / <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a></span> </td> <td>Lost film </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1932.1 !">1932</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Scarface_(1932_film)" title="Scarface (1932 film)">Scarface</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="camonte !">Antonio "Tony" Camonte</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1932.2 !">1932</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_a_Fugitive_from_a_Chain_Gang" title="I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang">I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="allen !">James Allen</span> </td> <td>Nominated — <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1933 </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="world !"><a href="/wiki/The_World_Changes" title="The World Changes">The World Changes</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="nordholm !">Orin Nordholm Jr.</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1934 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hi,_Nellie!" class="mw-redirect" title="Hi, Nellie!">Hi, Nellie!</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="bradshaw !">Brad Bradshaw</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1935.1 !">1935</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Bordertown_(1935_film)" title="Bordertown (1935 film)">Bordertown</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="ramirez !">Johnny Ramirez</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1935.2 !">1935</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Fury_(1935_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Fury (1935 film)">Black Fury</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="radek !">Joe Radek</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1935.3 !">1935</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dr._Socrates" title="Dr. Socrates">Dr. Socrates</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="cardwell !">Dr. Lee Cardwell, nicknamed "Dr. Socrates"</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1936 </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="story !"><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Louis_Pasteur" title="The Story of Louis Pasteur">The Story of Louis Pasteur</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="pasteur !"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Pasteur" title="Louis Pasteur">Louis Pasteur</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Volpi_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Volpi Cup">Volpi Cup for Best Actor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1937.1 !">1937</span> </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="good !"><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Earth_(film)" title="The Good Earth (film)">The Good Earth</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="lung !">Wang Lung</span> </td> <td>Released in <a href="/wiki/Sepia_tone" class="mw-redirect" title="Sepia tone">sepia tone</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1937.2 !">1937</span> </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="woman !"><a href="/wiki/The_Woman_I_Love_(1937_film)" title="The Woman I Love (1937 film)">The Woman I Love</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="maury !">Lt. Claude Maury</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1937.3 !">1937</span> </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="life !"><a href="/wiki/The_Life_of_Emile_Zola" title="The Life of Emile Zola">The Life of Emile Zola</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="zola !"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor</a><br />Nominated — <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1939.1 !">1939</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Juarez_(1939_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Juarez (1939 film)">Juarez</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="juárez !"><a href="/wiki/Benito_Ju%C3%A1rez" title="Benito Juárez">Benito Juárez</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1939.2 !">1939</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Not_Alone_(1939_film)" title="We Are Not Alone (1939 film)">We Are Not Alone</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="newcome !">Dr. David Newcome</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1941 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hudson%27s_Bay_(film)" title="Hudson's Bay (film)">Hudson's Bay</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="radisson !"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Esprit_Radisson" title="Pierre-Esprit Radisson">Pierre-Esprit Radisson</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1942 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Commandos_Strike_at_Dawn" title="Commandos Strike at Dawn">Commandos Strike at Dawn</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="toresen !">Erik Toresen</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1943 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stage_Door_Canteen_(film)" title="Stage Door Canteen (film)">Stage Door Canteen</a></i> </td> <td>Himself </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1945.1 !">1945</span> </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="song !"><a href="/wiki/A_Song_to_Remember" title="A Song to Remember">A Song to Remember</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="eisner !"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Elsner" title="Józef Elsner">Prof. Joseph Elsner</a></span> </td> <td>Filmed in <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1945.2 !">1945</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Counter-Attack" title="Counter-Attack">Counter-Attack</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="kulkov !">Alexei Kulkov</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1946 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Angel_on_My_Shoulder_(film)" title="Angel on My Shoulder (film)">Angel on My Shoulder</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="kagle !">Eddie Kagle / Judge Fredrick Parker</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1952 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Imbarco_a_mezzanotte" class="mw-redirect" title="Imbarco a mezzanotte">Imbarco a mezzanotte</a></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="stranger !">The Stranger with a Gun</span> </td> <td>called <i>Stranger on the Prowl</i> in the U.S. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1959 </td> <td><i><span data-sort-value="last !"><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Angry_Man" title="The Last Angry Man">The Last Angry Man</a></span></i> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="abelman !">Dr. Samuel "Sam" Abelman</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mar_del_Plata_Film_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar del Plata Film Festival">Mar del Plata Film Festival Award for Best Actor</a><br />Nominated — <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a><br />Nominated — <a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Radio_appearances">Radio appearances</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Radio appearances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Program</th> <th>Episode/Source </th></tr> <tr> <td>1936</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Lux_Radio_Theatre" title="Lux Radio Theatre">Lux Radio Theatre</a></i></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Louis_Pasteur" title="The Story of Louis Pasteur">The Story of Louis Pasteur</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-ndsu17_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ndsu17-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Lux Radio Theater. "The Life of Emile Zola". May 8, 1939 Calvalcade of America. "Edwin Booth". March 31, 1941 The Free Company. "The Miracle Of The Danube". April 27, 1941 Calvalcade of America. "Bolivar, The Liberator". October 6, 1941 Calvalcade of America. "Eagle's Nest". December 28, 1942 Radio Hall of Fame. "No Uncommon Clay". April 30, 1944 Suspense Theater. "The Search For Henri Leferve". July 6, 1944 Arch Ololer's Plays. "This Living Book". October 11, 1945 Academy Award Theater. April 13, 1946 Eternal Light. "And It Came To Pass". December 7, 1947 Studio One. "Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse". January 20, 1948 Calvalcade of America. "Alerting of Dr. Pomerantz". February 16, 1948 Calvalcade of America. "Garden Key". November 8, 1948 Biography in Sound. "Clarence Darrow". September 13, 1956 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muni was not nominated for an Oscar for his performance in <i><a href="/wiki/Black_Fury_(film)" title="Black Fury (film)">Black Fury</a></i>. For two years only, the Academy allowed a write-in vote. This meant that technically, any performance was eligible for an award. This decision was made in 1935 in response to the controversy surrounding <a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> failing to get a nomination for her performance in <i><a href="/wiki/Of_Human_Bondage_(1934_film)" title="Of Human Bondage (1934 film)">Of Human Bondage</a></i>. Muni came in 2nd in the vote for Best Actor, but the Academy does not recognize Muni or Davis as nominees in those years.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Academy's nomination and winner database does note this under the 1935 Best Actor category and under the Paul Muni search, as well as for Davis in 1934 and Best Actress.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_actors_with_Academy_Award_nominations" title="List of actors with Academy Award nominations">List of actors with Academy Award nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German-speaking_Academy_Award_winners_and_nominees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of German-speaking Academy Award winners and nominees">List of German-speaking Academy Award winners and nominees</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://agadd.home.net.pl/metrykalia/300/sygn.%201793/pages/PL_1_300_1793_0385.htm">"Ksiega urodzin izraelickiego okregu metrykalnego Lwów: Rocznik 1895"</a> [Book of Jewish Births for the Record District of Lviv: Year 1895]. Central Archive of Historical Records. February 12, 2016. p. 384<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2020</span>. <q>Entry Number 1258 – Born: September 14, 1895; Naming or Circumcision Date: September 22, 1895;</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ksiega+urodzin+izraelickiego+okregu+metrykalnego+Lw%C3%B3w%3A+Rocznik+1895&rft.pages=384&rft.pub=Central+Archive+of+Historical+Records&rft.date=2016-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fagadd.home.net.pl%2Fmetrykalia%2F300%2Fsygn.%25201793%2Fpages%2FPL_1_300_1793_0385.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/49941616/">"On The Screen"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Jewish_Chronicle" title="Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle">Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle</a></i>. October 27, 1967.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wisconsin+Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=On+The+Screen&rft.date=1967-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F49941616%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adler-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-adler_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdlerLulla_Rosenfeld2001" class="citation book cs1">Adler, Jacob; Lulla Rosenfeld (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E5I6Tw4_f9YC&q=muni"><i>A Life on the Stage: A Memoir</i></a>. Hal Leonard Corp. p. 377. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1557834584" title="Special:BookSources/978-1557834584"><bdi>978-1557834584</bdi></a>. <q>... Muni Weisenfreund, now Paul Muni</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Life+on+the+Stage%3A+A+Memoir&rft.pages=377&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard+Corp&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1557834584&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.au=Lulla+Rosenfeld&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE5I6Tw4_f9YC%26q%3Dmuni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Actors-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Actors_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Actors_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPendergastSara_Pendergast2000" class="citation book cs1">Pendergast, Tom; Sara Pendergast, eds. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/International_Dictionary_of_Film_and_Filmmakers_Volume_3_Actors_And_Actresses/page/n873/mode/2up?q=muni"><i>International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers: Actors and Actresses</i></a>. Vol. 3 (4th ed.). Farmington Hills, Mich: St. James Press. pp. 869–870. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1558624528" title="Special:BookSources/978-1558624528"><bdi>978-1558624528</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Dictionary+of+Films+and+Filmmakers%3A+Actors+and+Actresses&rft.place=Farmington+Hills%2C+Mich&rft.pages=869-870&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=St.+James+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1558624528&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FInternational_Dictionary_of_Film_and_Filmmakers_Volume_3_Actors_And_Actresses%2Fpage%2Fn873%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dmuni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Osborne-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Osborne_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osborne_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osborne_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osborne_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osborne_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osborne_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillerRobert_Osborne2006" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Frank; Robert Osborne (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M7X0EAXFR6wC&q=muni"><i>Leading Men: The 50 Most Unforgettable Actors of the Studio Era</i></a>. Chronicle Books. pp. 153–155. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0811854672" title="Special:BookSources/978-0811854672"><bdi>978-0811854672</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leading+Men%3A+The+50+Most+Unforgettable+Actors+of+the+Studio+Era&rft.pages=153-155&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0811854672&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.au=Robert+Osborne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM7X0EAXFR6wC%26q%3Dmuni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrauss1939" class="citation news cs1">Strauss, Theodore (December 17, 1939). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html">"Paul Muni, Less The 'Mr.,' Returns; Paul Muni, Less The 'Mr.,' Returns To Town"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Paul+Muni%2C+Less+The+%27Mr.%2C%27+Returns%3B+Paul+Muni%2C+Less+The+%27Mr.%2C%27+Returns+To+Town&rft.date=1939-12-17&rft.aulast=Strauss&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pacino-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pacino_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker2008" class="citation book cs1">Tucker, Ken (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B7UQJAyrmLQC&q=imitate+paul+muni"><i>Scarface Nation: The Ultimate Gangster Movie and How It Changed America</i></a>. St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1429993296" title="Special:BookSources/978-1429993296"><bdi>978-1429993296</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scarface+Nation%3A+The+Ultimate+Gangster+Movie+and+How+It+Changed+America&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1429993296&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB7UQJAyrmLQC%26q%3Dimitate%2Bpaul%2Bmuni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See also <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Caesar_(film)" title="Little Caesar (film)">Little Caesar</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Public_Enemy" title="The Public Enemy">The Public Enemy</a></i> (both 1931).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Corliss-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Corliss_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Corliss_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorliss1975" class="citation book cs1">Corliss, Richard (1975). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dmlZAAAAMAAJ&q=muni"><i>Talking Pictures: Screenwriters of Hollywood</i></a></span>. David & Charles. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0715368268" title="Special:BookSources/978-0715368268"><bdi>978-0715368268</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Talking+Pictures%3A+Screenwriters+of+Hollywood&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=David+%26+Charles&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0715368268&rft.aulast=Corliss&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdmlZAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dmuni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-denby-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-denby_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-denby_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenby2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Denby, David (September 9, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/09/16/hitler-in-hollywood">"Hitler in Hollywood"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Hitler+in+Hollywood&rft.date=2013-09-09&rft.aulast=Denby&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2013%2F09%2F16%2Fhitler-in-hollywood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wymaninstitute.org/articles/2004-04-flagisborn.php"><i>A Flag Is Born</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150325063213/http://www.wymaninstitute.org/articles/2004-04-flagisborn.php">Archived</a> March 25, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, David S. Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies, April 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0L9OAAAAIBAJ&pg=7318%2C6099285">"Paul Muni Quits Broadway Play; Has Eye Ailment"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blade_(Toledo,_Ohio)" title="The Blade (Toledo, Ohio)">Toledo Blade</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. August 31, 1955.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toledo+Blade&rft.atitle=Paul+Muni+Quits+Broadway+Play%3B+Has+Eye+Ailment&rft.date=1955-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D0L9OAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7318%252C6099285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Y6kkAAAAIBAJ&pg=1815%2C4926989">"Paul Muni Loses Left Eye to Tumor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Journal_Sentinel" title="Milwaukee Journal Sentinel">Milwaukee Sentinel</a></i>. Associated Press. September 7, 1955.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Paul+Muni+Loses+Left+Eye+to+Tumor&rft.date=1955-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DY6kkAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1815%252C4926989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AMBOAAAAIBAJ&pg=5561%2C5889912">"Ovation Greets Paul Muni On Return To Play"</a>. <i>Toledo Blade</i>. Associated Press. December 2, 1955.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toledo+Blade&rft.atitle=Ovation+Greets+Paul+Muni+On+Return+To+Play&rft.date=1955-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DAMBOAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5561%252C5889912&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1967/08/26/archives/paul-muni-actor-dies-on-coast-won-fame-in-biographical-roles.html">"Paul Muni, Actor, Dies on Coast; Won Fame in Biographical Roles; Portrayed Darrow, Pasteur, Zola, Juarez and Gangster in Stage and Film Career"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. August 26, 1967.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Paul+Muni%2C+Actor%2C+Dies+on+Coast%3B+Won+Fame+in+Biographical+Roles%3B+Portrayed+Darrow%2C+Pasteur%2C+Zola%2C+Juarez+and+Gangster+in+Stage+and+Film+Career&rft.date=1967-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1967%2F08%2F26%2Farchives%2Fpaul-muni-actor-dies-on-coast-won-fame-in-biographical-roles.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shipman-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shipman_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shipman_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShipman1970" class="citation book cs1">Shipman, David (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yuK0AAAAIAAJ&q=muni"><i>The Great Movie Stars: The Golden Years</i></a>. Crown. pp. 434, 437. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0600338178" title="Special:BookSources/978-0600338178"><bdi>978-0600338178</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Movie+Stars%3A+The+Golden+Years&rft.pages=434%2C+437&rft.pub=Crown&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=978-0600338178&rft.aulast=Shipman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyuK0AAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dmuni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thomson-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thomson_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thomson_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomson2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Thomson_(film_critic)" title="David Thomson (film critic)">Thomson, David</a> (2014). <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Biographical_Dictionary_of_Film" title="The New Biographical Dictionary of Film">The New Biographical Dictionary of Film</a></i> (6th ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 739. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-71184-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-71184-8"><bdi>978-0-375-71184-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Biographical+Dictionary+of+Film&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=739&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-375-71184-8&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screeningthepast.com/issue-35-first-release/the-art-of-falling-apart-petulia-and-the-fate-of-richard-lester/">"The Art of Falling Apart: Petulia and the Fate of Richard Lester"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Falling+Apart%3A+Petulia+and+the+Fate+of+Richard+Lester&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.screeningthepast.com%2Fissue-35-first-release%2Fthe-art-of-falling-apart-petulia-and-the-fate-of-richard-lester%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGemünden2014" class="citation book cs1">Gemünden, Gerd (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pF2rAgAAQBAJ&q=muni+dieterle"><i>Continental Strangers: German Exile Cinema, 1933–1951</i></a>. McFarland. p. 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0231166799" title="Special:BookSources/978-0231166799"><bdi>978-0231166799</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Continental+Strangers%3A+German+Exile+Cinema%2C+1933%E2%80%931951&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0231166799&rft.aulast=Gem%C3%BCnden&rft.aufirst=Gerd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpF2rAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dmuni%2Bdieterle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Editorial". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Napa_Valley_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="The Napa Valley Register">The Napa Daily Register</a></i>. November 2, 1932. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Napa+Daily+Register&rft.atitle=Editorial&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1932-11-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194626/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/DisplayMain.jsp">"1928/29 2nd Academy Awards"</a>. <i>Academy Awards Database</i>. September 24, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/DisplayMain.jsp?">the original</a> on October 29, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academy+Awards+Database&rft.atitle=1928%2F29+2nd+Academy+Awards&rft.date=2014-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fawardsdatabase.oscars.org%2Fampas_awards%2FDisplayMain.jsp%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OiohAAAAIBAJ&pg=3564%2C2298158">"Anecdotes of the Famous: Keeping Cool"</a>. <i>The Milwaukee Journal</i>. January 6, 1976. p. 40<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_News_Archive" title="Google News Archive">Google News Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Milwaukee+Journal&rft.atitle=Anecdotes+of+the+Famous%3A+Keeping+Cool&rft.pages=40&rft.date=1976-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DOiohAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3564%252C2298158&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180618175403/https://www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk/view_episode_scripts.php?tv-show=mash&episode=s04e18">"M*A*S*H (MASH) s04e18 Episode Script"</a>. Springfield! Springfield!. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk/view_episode_scripts.php?tv-show=mash&episode=s04e18">the original</a> on June 18, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=M%2AA%2AS%2AH+%28MASH%29+s04e18+Episode+Script&rft.pub=Springfield%21+Springfield%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springfieldspringfield.co.uk%2Fview_episode_scripts.php%3Ftv-show%3Dmash%26episode%3Ds04e18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518161735/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7y4zYQEjM4">"Boardwalk Empire – Paul Muni and George Raft scene"</a>. YouTube. October 13, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7y4zYQEjM4">the original</a> on May 18, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boardwalk+Empire+%E2%80%93+Paul+Muni+and+George+Raft+scene&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2014-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DT7y4zYQEjM4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMooney2009" class="citation book cs1">Mooney, Paul (2009). <i>Black is the New White</i>. Simon Spotlight Entertainment. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-8795-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-8795-8"><bdi>978-1-4165-8795-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+is+the+New+White&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Simon+Spotlight+Entertainment&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-8795-8&rft.aulast=Mooney&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701093205/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/help/helpMain.jsp?helpContentURL=statistics%2FindexStats.html">"Academy Awards statistics"</a>. <i>Academy Awards Database</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/help/helpMain.jsp?helpContentURL=statistics/indexStats.html">the original</a> on July 1, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academy+Awards+Database&rft.atitle=Academy+Awards+statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fawardsdatabase.oscars.org%2Fampas_awards%2Fhelp%2FhelpMain.jsp%3FhelpContentURL%3Dstatistics%2FindexStats.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ndsu17-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ndsu17_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Those Were the Days". <i>Nostalgia Digest</i>. <b>43</b> (3): 33. Summer 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nostalgia+Digest&rft.atitle=Those+Were+the+Days&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=33&rft.date=2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDruxman1974" class="citation book cs1">Druxman, Michael B (1974). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7I44AAAAIAAJ&q=Paul%20Muni%3A%20His%20Life%20and%20His%20Films"><i>Paul Muni: His Life and His Films</i></a></span>. South Brunswick: A.S. Barnes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0498014130" title="Special:BookSources/978-0498014130"><bdi>978-0498014130</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/762401">762401</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+Muni%3A+His+Life+and+His+Films&rft.place=South+Brunswick&rft.pub=A.S.+Barnes&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F762401&rft.isbn=978-0498014130&rft.aulast=Druxman&rft.aufirst=Michael+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7I44AAAAIAAJ%26q%3DPaul%2520Muni%253A%2520His%2520Life%2520and%2520His%2520Films&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFárbermanMuni1970" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fárberman, Boris; Muni, Paul (1970). <i>Paul Muni</i> (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Ejecutivo Sudamericano del Congreso Judío Mundial. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7019258">7019258</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+Muni&rft.place=Buenos+Aires&rft.pub=Ejecutivo+Sudamericano+del+Congreso+Jud%C3%ADo+Mundial&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7019258&rft.aulast=F%C3%A1rberman&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.au=Muni%2C+Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerlach1971" class="citation thesis cs1">Gerlach, Michael Christopher (1971). <i>The acting of Paul Muni</i> (Thesis). Ann Arbor: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6840065">6840065</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+acting+of+Paul+Muni&rft.inst=University+of+Michigan&rft.date=1971&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6840065&rft.aulast=Gerlach&rft.aufirst=Michael+Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Lawrence" title="Jerome Lawrence">Lawrence, Jerome</a> (1974). <i><a href="/wiki/Actor:_The_Life_and_Times_of_Paul_Muni" title="Actor: The Life and Times of Paul Muni">Actor: The Life and Times of Paul Muni</a></i>. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0399113413" title="Special:BookSources/978-0399113413"><bdi>978-0399113413</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1083129">1083129</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Actor%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Paul+Muni&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=G.P.+Putnam%27s+Sons&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1083129&rft.isbn=978-0399113413&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimshaw1945" class="citation book cs1">Grimshaw, Myrtle Lecky (1945). "Paul Muni, Master Character Actor". In Lotz, Philip Henry (ed.). <i>Distinguished American Jews</i>. Creative Personalities Series. Vol. 6. New York: Association Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2055635">2055635</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Paul+Muni%2C+Master+Character+Actor&rft.btitle=Distinguished+American+Jews&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=Creative+Personalities+Series&rft.pub=Association+Press&rft.date=1945&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2055635&rft.aulast=Grimshaw&rft.aufirst=Myrtle+Lecky&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelamed1925" class="citation news cs1">Melamed, S.M. (September 27, 1925). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/09/27/archives/the-yiddish-stage.html">"The Yiddish Stage"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. X2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Yiddish+Stage&rft.pages=X2&rft.date=1925-09-27&rft.aulast=Melamed&rft.aufirst=S.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F09%2F27%2Farchives%2Fthe-yiddish-stage.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Muni" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Paul_Muni" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Paul Muni">Paul Muni</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/54052">Paul Muni</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182292#P1220" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0612847/">Paul Muni</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/137331%7C122175/wp">Paul Muni</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182292#P3056" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/archives/4558">Paul Muni papers, circa 1920–1967</a>, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">New York Public Library for the Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acertaincinema.com/browse/person/paul-muni/?p1=23&p2=1&p3=1&p4=1">Photos of Muni in various costumes and makeup</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080102030835/http://hollywood-legends.webs.com/munipaul/paulmuni.htm">Paul Muni: Scarface and Beyond</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071205155847/http://channel1.radionostalgia.libsyn.com/index.php?post_id=120113%2F">Paul Muni in The Amazing Doctor Clitterhouse (1947 radio version)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtual-history.com/movie/person/1620/paul-muni">Photographs and literature</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/750">Paul Muni</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Actor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Actor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Actor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Academy Award for Best Actor</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1928–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Jannings" title="Emil Jannings">Emil Jannings</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warner_Baxter" title="Warner Baxter">Warner Baxter</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Arliss" title="George Arliss">George Arliss</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Barrymore" title="Lionel Barrymore">Lionel Barrymore</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fredric_March" title="Fredric March">Fredric March</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Beery" title="Wallace Beery">Wallace Beery</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Laughton" title="Charles Laughton">Charles Laughton</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clark_Gable" title="Clark Gable">Clark Gable</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Victor_McLaglen" title="Victor McLaglen">Victor McLaglen</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Muni</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Tracy" title="Spencer Tracy">Spencer Tracy</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Tracy" title="Spencer Tracy">Spencer Tracy</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Donat" title="Robert Donat">Robert Donat</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lukas" title="Paul Lukas">Paul Lukas</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Milland" title="Ray Milland">Ray Milland</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fredric_March" title="Fredric March">Fredric March</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Colman" title="Ronald Colman">Ronald Colman</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Broderick_Crawford" title="Broderick Crawford">Broderick Crawford</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ferrer" title="José Ferrer">José Ferrer</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Bogart" title="Humphrey Bogart">Humphrey Bogart</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Holden" title="William Holden">William Holden</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Borgnine" title="Ernest Borgnine">Ernest Borgnine</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yul_Brynner" title="Yul Brynner">Yul Brynner</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Niven" title="David Niven">David Niven</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Schell" title="Maximilian Schell">Maximilian Schell</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rex_Harrison" title="Rex Harrison">Rex Harrison</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lee_Marvin" title="Lee Marvin">Lee Marvin</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Scofield" title="Paul Scofield">Paul Scofield</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rod_Steiger" title="Rod Steiger">Rod Steiger</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Robertson" title="Cliff Robertson">Cliff Robertson</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Wayne" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_C._Scott" title="George C. Scott">George C. Scott</a><sup>1</sup> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Hackman" title="Gene Hackman">Gene Hackman</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a><sup>1</sup> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Art_Carney" title="Art Carney">Art Carney</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Finch" title="Peter Finch">Peter Finch</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dreyfuss" title="Richard Dreyfuss">Richard Dreyfuss</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Voight" title="Jon Voight">Jon Voight</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Kingsley" title="Ben Kingsley">Ben Kingsley</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Duvall" title="Robert Duvall">Robert Duvall</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/F._Murray_Abraham" title="F. Murray Abraham">F. Murray Abraham</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Hurt" title="William Hurt">William Hurt</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Cage" title="Nicolas Cage">Nicolas Cage</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Rush" title="Geoffrey Rush">Geoffrey Rush</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Benigni" title="Roberto Benigni">Roberto Benigni</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Spacey" title="Kevin Spacey">Kevin Spacey</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russell_Crowe" title="Russell Crowe">Russell Crowe</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adrien_Brody" title="Adrien Brody">Adrien Brody</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Foxx" title="Jamie Foxx">Jamie Foxx</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Seymour_Hoffman" title="Philip Seymour Hoffman">Philip Seymour Hoffman</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Forest_Whitaker" title="Forest Whitaker">Forest Whitaker</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Firth" title="Colin Firth">Colin Firth</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Dujardin" title="Jean Dujardin">Jean Dujardin</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_McConaughey" title="Matthew McConaughey">Matthew McConaughey</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Redmayne" title="Eddie Redmayne">Eddie Redmayne</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_DiCaprio" title="Leonardo DiCaprio">Leonardo DiCaprio</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Casey_Affleck" title="Casey Affleck">Casey Affleck</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Oldman" title="Gary Oldman">Gary Oldman</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rami_Malek" title="Rami Malek">Rami Malek</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Phoenix" title="Joaquin Phoenix">Joaquin Phoenix</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Will_Smith" title="Will Smith">Will Smith</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Fraser" title="Brendan Fraser">Brendan Fraser</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cillian_Murphy" title="Cillian Murphy">Cillian Murphy</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #EEDD82"><div><sup>1</sup> refused award that year</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Drama_League_Distinguished_Performance_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Distinguished_Performance_Award" title="Template:Distinguished Performance Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Distinguished_Performance_Award" title="Template talk:Distinguished Performance Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Distinguished_Performance_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Distinguished Performance Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Drama_League_Distinguished_Performance_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Drama_League_Distinguished_Performance_Award" title="Drama League Distinguished Performance Award">Drama League Distinguished Performance Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Cornell" title="Katharine Cornell">Katharine Cornell</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Evans_(actor)" title="Maurice Evans (actor)">Maurice Evans</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cedric_Hardwicke" title="Cedric Hardwicke">Cedric Hardwicke</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Massey" title="Raymond Massey">Raymond Massey</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Muni</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lukas" title="Paul Lukas">Paul Lukas</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judith_Evelyn" title="Judith Evelyn">Judith Evelyn</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lunt" title="Alfred Lunt">Alfred Lunt</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Fontanne" title="Lynn Fontanne">Lynn Fontanne</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mady_Christians" title="Mady Christians">Mady Christians</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Calhern" title="Louis Calhern">Louis Calhern</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Bergman" title="Ingrid Bergman">Ingrid Bergman</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judith_Anderson" title="Judith Anderson">Judith Anderson</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morley" title="Robert Morley">Robert Morley</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grace_George" title="Grace George">Grace George</a> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Rains" title="Claude Rains">Claude Rains</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Harris" title="Julie Harris">Julie Harris</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Booth" title="Shirley Booth">Shirley Booth</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Hull" title="Josephine Hull">Josephine Hull</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Viveca_Lindfors" title="Viveca Lindfors">Viveca Lindfors</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Wayne" title="David Wayne">David Wayne</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eli_Wallach" title="Eli Wallach">Eli Wallach</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bellamy" title="Ralph Bellamy">Ralph Bellamy</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Ritchard" title="Cyril Ritchard">Cyril Ritchard</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tandy" title="Jessica Tandy">Jessica Tandy</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn" title="Hume Cronyn">Hume Cronyn</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Scofield" title="Paul Scofield">Paul Scofield</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boyer" title="Charles Boyer">Charles Boyer</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Gielgud" title="John Gielgud">John Gielgud</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Kiley" title="Richard Kiley">Richard Kiley</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Harris" title="Rosemary Harris">Rosemary Harris</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zoe_Caldwell" title="Zoe Caldwell">Zoe Caldwell</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_McCowen" title="Alec McCowen">Alec McCowen</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Quayle" title="Anthony Quayle">Anthony Quayle</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Atkins" title="Eileen Atkins">Eileen Atkins</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claire_Bloom" title="Claire Bloom">Claire Bloom</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bates" title="Alan Bates">Alan Bates</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Plummer" title="Christopher Plummer">Christopher Plummer</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Wood_(English_actor)" title="John Wood (English actor)">John Wood</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eva_Le_Gallienne" title="Eva Le Gallienne">Eva Le Gallienne</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Courtenay" title="Tom Courtenay">Tom Courtenay</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Langella" title="Frank Langella">Frank Langella</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Sternhagen" title="Frances Sternhagen">Frances Sternhagen</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Scheider" title="Roy Scheider">Roy Scheider</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ian_McKellen" title="Ian McKellen">Ian McKellen</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milo_O%27Shea" title="Milo O'Shea">Milo O'Shea</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Herrmann" title="Edward Herrmann">Edward Herrmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kate_Nelligan" title="Kate Nelligan">Kate Nelligan</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Derek_Jacobi" title="Derek Jacobi">Derek Jacobi</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Peters" title="Bernadette Peters">Bernadette Peters</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Lithgow" title="John Lithgow">John Lithgow</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Collins" title="Pauline Collins">Pauline Collins</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morse" title="Robert Morse">Robert Morse</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stockard_Channing" title="Stockard Channing">Stockard Channing</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Close" title="Glenn Close">Glenn Close</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Rea" title="Stephen Rea">Stephen Rea</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Waterston" title="Sam Waterston">Sam Waterston</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Jones" title="Cherry Jones">Cherry Jones</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uta_Hagen" title="Uta Hagen">Uta Hagen</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Durning" title="Charles Durning">Charles Durning</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bebe_Neuwirth" title="Bebe Neuwirth">Bebe Neuwirth</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Stokes_Mitchell" title="Brian Stokes Mitchell">Brian Stokes Mitchell</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Chalfant" title="Kathleen Chalfant">Kathleen Chalfant</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Heckart" title="Eileen Heckart">Eileen Heckart</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary-Louise_Parker" title="Mary-Louise Parker">Mary-Louise Parker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gary_Sinise" title="Gary Sinise">Gary Sinise</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liam_Neeson" title="Liam Neeson">Liam Neeson</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fierstein" title="Harvey Fierstein">Harvey Fierstein</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jackman" title="Hugh Jackman">Hugh Jackman</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Leo_Butz" title="Norbert Leo Butz">Norbert Leo Butz</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christine_Ebersole" title="Christine Ebersole">Christine Ebersole</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liev_Schreiber" title="Liev Schreiber">Liev Schreiber</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patti_LuPone" title="Patti LuPone">Patti LuPone</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Rush" title="Geoffrey Rush">Geoffrey Rush</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Rylance" title="Mark Rylance">Mark Rylance</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Audra_McDonald" title="Audra McDonald">Audra McDonald</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Lane" title="Nathan Lane">Nathan Lane</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Patrick_Harris" title="Neil Patrick Harris">Neil Patrick Harris</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chita_Rivera" title="Chita Rivera">Chita Rivera</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lin-Manuel_Miranda" title="Lin-Manuel Miranda">Lin-Manuel Miranda</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Platt" title="Ben Platt">Ben Platt</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glenda_Jackson" title="Glenda Jackson">Glenda Jackson</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Cranston" title="Bryan Cranston">Bryan Cranston</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danny_Burstein" title="Danny Burstein">Danny Burstein</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sutton_Foster" title="Sutton Foster">Sutton Foster</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Annaleigh_Ashford" title="Annaleigh Ashford">Annaleigh Ashford</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Paulson" title="Sarah Paulson">Sarah Paulson</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Template talk:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1935–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Laughton" title="Charles Laughton">Charles Laughton</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Huston" title="Walter Huston">Walter Huston</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Muni</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lukas" title="Paul Lukas">Paul Lukas</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Fitzgerald" title="Barry Fitzgerald">Barry Fitzgerald</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Milland" title="Ray Milland">Ray Milland</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Powell" title="William Powell">William Powell</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Broderick_Crawford" title="Broderick Crawford">Broderick Crawford</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kennedy" title="Arthur Kennedy">Arthur Kennedy</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Richardson" title="Ralph Richardson">Ralph Richardson</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Borgnine" title="Ernest Borgnine">Ernest Borgnine</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Niven" title="David Niven">David Niven</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Schell" title="Maximilian Schell">Maximilian Schell</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Finney" title="Albert Finney">Albert Finney</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rex_Harrison" title="Rex Harrison">Rex Harrison</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Werner" title="Oskar Werner">Oskar Werner</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Scofield" title="Paul Scofield">Paul Scofield</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rod_Steiger" title="Rod Steiger">Rod Steiger</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Arkin" title="Alan Arkin">Alan Arkin</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Voight" title="Jon Voight">Jon Voight</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_C._Scott" title="George C. Scott">George C. Scott</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Hackman" title="Gene Hackman">Gene Hackman</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Gielgud" title="John Gielgud">John Gielgud</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Voight" title="Jon Voight">Jon Voight</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Kingsley" title="Ben Kingsley">Ben Kingsley</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Duvall" title="Robert Duvall">Robert Duvall</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hoskins" title="Bob Hoskins">Bob Hoskins</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Thewlis" title="David Thewlis">David Thewlis</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Cage" title="Nicolas Cage">Nicolas Cage</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Rush" title="Geoffrey Rush">Geoffrey Rush</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fonda" title="Peter Fonda">Peter Fonda</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nick_Nolte" title="Nick Nolte">Nick Nolte</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Farnsworth" title="Richard Farnsworth">Richard Farnsworth</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wilkinson" title="Tom Wilkinson">Tom Wilkinson</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Murray" title="Bill Murray">Bill Murray</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Giamatti" title="Paul Giamatti">Paul Giamatti</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heath_Ledger" title="Heath Ledger">Heath Ledger</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Forest_Whitaker" title="Forest Whitaker">Forest Whitaker</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Firth" title="Colin Firth">Colin Firth</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brad_Pitt" title="Brad Pitt">Brad Pitt</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Day-Lewis" title="Daniel Day-Lewis">Daniel Day-Lewis</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Spall" title="Timothy Spall">Timothy Spall</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Keaton" title="Michael Keaton">Michael Keaton</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Casey_Affleck" title="Casey Affleck">Casey Affleck</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timoth%C3%A9e_Chalamet" title="Timothée Chalamet">Timothée Chalamet</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ethan_Hawke" title="Ethan Hawke">Ethan Hawke</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Banderas" title="Antonio Banderas">Antonio Banderas</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Delroy_Lindo" title="Delroy Lindo">Delroy Lindo</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Cumberbatch" title="Benedict Cumberbatch">Benedict Cumberbatch</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Farrell" title="Colin Farrell">Colin Farrell</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franz_Rogowski" title="Franz Rogowski">Franz Rogowski</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tony_Award_for_Best_Leading_Actor_in_a_Play" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TonyAward_PlayLeadActor" title="Template:TonyAward PlayLeadActor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TonyAward_PlayLeadActor" title="Template talk:TonyAward PlayLeadActor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward_PlayLeadActor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward PlayLeadActor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tony_Award_for_Best_Leading_Actor_in_a_Play" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Actor_in_a_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play">Tony Award for Best Leading Actor in a Play</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1947–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ferrer" title="José Ferrer">José Ferrer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fredric_March" title="Fredric March">Fredric March</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kelly_(actor)" title="Paul Kelly (actor)">Paul Kelly</a> / <a href="/wiki/Basil_Rathbone" title="Basil Rathbone">Basil Rathbone</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rex_Harrison" title="Rex Harrison">Rex Harrison</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Blackmer" title="Sidney Blackmer">Sidney Blackmer</a> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Rains" title="Claude Rains">Claude Rains</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ferrer" title="José Ferrer">José Ferrer</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ewell" title="Tom Ewell">Tom Ewell</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Wayne" title="David Wayne">David Wayne</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lunt" title="Alfred Lunt">Alfred Lunt</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Muni</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fredric_March" title="Fredric March">Fredric March</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bellamy" title="Ralph Bellamy">Ralph Bellamy</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jason_Robards" title="Jason Robards">Jason Robards Jr.</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Douglas" title="Melvyn Douglas">Melvyn Douglas</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zero_Mostel" title="Zero Mostel">Zero Mostel</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Scofield" title="Paul Scofield">Paul Scofield</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hill_(Canadian_actor)" title="Arthur Hill (Canadian actor)">Arthur Hill</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Matthau" title="Walter Matthau">Walter Matthau</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hal_Holbrook" title="Hal Holbrook">Hal Holbrook</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Rogers_(actor)" title="Paul Rogers (actor)">Paul Rogers</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Balsam" title="Martin Balsam">Martin Balsam</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Weaver" title="Fritz Weaver">Fritz Weaver</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Bedford" title="Brian Bedford">Brian Bedford</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Gorman" title="Cliff Gorman">Cliff Gorman</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bates" title="Alan Bates">Alan Bates</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Moriarty" title="Michael Moriarty">Michael Moriarty</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Kani" title="John Kani">John Kani</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winston_Ntshona" title="Winston Ntshona">Winston Ntshona</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Wood_(English_actor)" title="John Wood (English actor)">John Wood</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barnard_Hughes" title="Barnard Hughes">Barnard Hughes</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Conti" title="Tom Conti">Tom Conti</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Rubinstein" title="John Rubinstein">John Rubinstein</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ian_McKellen" title="Ian McKellen">Ian McKellen</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Rees" title="Roger Rees">Roger Rees</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fierstein" title="Harvey Fierstein">Harvey Fierstein</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Derek_Jacobi" title="Derek Jacobi">Derek Jacobi</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judd_Hirsch" title="Judd Hirsch">Judd Hirsch</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Silver" title="Ron Silver">Ron Silver</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Bosco" title="Philip Bosco">Philip Bosco</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morse" title="Robert Morse">Robert Morse</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Hawthorne" title="Nigel Hawthorne">Nigel Hawthorne</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judd_Hirsch" title="Judd Hirsch">Judd Hirsch</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Leibman" title="Ron Leibman">Ron Leibman</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Spinella" title="Stephen Spinella">Stephen Spinella</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Fiennes" title="Ralph Fiennes">Ralph Fiennes</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Grizzard" title="George Grizzard">George Grizzard</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Plummer" title="Christopher Plummer">Christopher Plummer</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_LaPaglia" title="Anthony LaPaglia">Anthony LaPaglia</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dennehy" title="Brian Dennehy">Brian Dennehy</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dillane" title="Stephen Dillane">Stephen Dillane</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Easton" title="Richard Easton">Richard Easton</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bates" title="Alan Bates">Alan Bates</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dennehy" title="Brian Dennehy">Brian Dennehy</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Mays" title="Jefferson Mays">Jefferson Mays</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Irwin" title="Bill Irwin">Bill Irwin</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Griffiths" title="Richard Griffiths">Richard Griffiths</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Langella" title="Frank Langella">Frank Langella</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Rylance" title="Mark Rylance">Mark Rylance</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Rush" title="Geoffrey Rush">Geoffrey Rush</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Rylance" title="Mark Rylance">Mark Rylance</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Corden" title="James Corden">James Corden</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Letts" title="Tracy Letts">Tracy Letts</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Cranston" title="Bryan Cranston">Bryan Cranston</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alex_Sharp" title="Alex Sharp">Alex Sharp</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Langella" title="Frank Langella">Frank Langella</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Kline" title="Kevin Kline">Kevin Kline</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Garfield" title="Andrew Garfield">Andrew Garfield</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Cranston" title="Bryan Cranston">Bryan Cranston</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Burnap" title="Andrew Burnap">Andrew Burnap</a> (2020/21)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Russell_Beale" title="Simon Russell Beale">Simon Russell Beale</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Hayes" title="Sean Hayes">Sean Hayes</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Strong" title="Jeremy Strong">Jeremy Strong</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Volpi_Cup_for_Best_Actor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Volpi_Cup_for_Best_Actor" title="Template:Volpi Cup for Best Actor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Volpi_Cup_for_Best_Actor" title="Template talk:Volpi Cup for Best Actor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Volpi_Cup_for_Best_Actor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Volpi Cup for Best Actor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Volpi_Cup_for_Best_Actor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Volpi_Cup_for_Best_Actor" title="Volpi Cup for Best Actor">Volpi Cup for Best Actor</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1932–68</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Beery" title="Wallace Beery">Wallace Beery</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Blanchar" title="Pierre Blanchar">Pierre Blanchar</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Muni</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Jannings" title="Emil Jannings">Emil Jannings</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Howard" title="Leslie Howard">Leslie Howard</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ermete_Zacconi" title="Ermete Zacconi">Ermete Zacconi</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fosco_Giachetti" title="Fosco Giachetti">Fosco Giachetti</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Fresnay" title="Pierre Fresnay">Pierre Fresnay</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Deutsch" title="Ernst Deutsch">Ernst Deutsch</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cotten" title="Joseph Cotten">Joseph Cotten</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Jaffe" title="Sam Jaffe">Sam Jaffe</a> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gabin" title="Jean Gabin">Jean Gabin</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fredric_March" title="Fredric March">Fredric March</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Vilbert" title="Henri Vilbert">Henri Vilbert</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gabin" title="Jean Gabin">Jean Gabin</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curd_J%C3%BCrgens" title="Curd Jürgens">Curd Jürgens</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_More" title="Kenneth More">Kenneth More</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bourvil" title="Bourvil">Bourvil</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Franciosa" title="Anthony Franciosa">Anthony Franciosa</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Toshiro_Mifune" title="Toshiro Mifune">Toshiro Mifune</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Finney" title="Albert Finney">Albert Finney</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Courtenay" title="Tom Courtenay">Tom Courtenay</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Toshiro_Mifune" title="Toshiro Mifune">Toshiro Mifune</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Perrin" title="Jacques Perrin">Jacques Perrin</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ljubi%C5%A1a_Samard%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Ljubiša Samardžić">Ljubiša Samardžić</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Marley" title="John Marley">John Marley</a> (1968)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guy_Boyd_(actor)" title="Guy Boyd (actor)">Guy Boyd</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Dzundza" title="George Dzundza">George Dzundza</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Alan_Grier" title="David Alan Grier">David Alan Grier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Lichtenstein" title="Mitchell Lichtenstein">Mitchell Lichtenstein</a> / <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Modine" title="Matthew Modine">Matthew Modine</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wright_(actor)" title="Michael Wright (actor)">Michael Wright</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Naseeruddin_Shah" title="Naseeruddin Shah">Naseeruddin Shah</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Delle_Piane" title="Carlo Delle Piane">Carlo Delle Piane</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Grant" title="Hugh Grant">Hugh Grant</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Wilby" title="James Wilby">James Wilby</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Don_Ameche" title="Don Ameche">Don Ameche</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joe_Mantegna" title="Joe Mantegna">Joe Mantegna</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> / <a href="/wiki/Massimo_Troisi" title="Massimo Troisi">Massimo Troisi</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Borisov" title="Oleg Borisov">Oleg Borisov</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/River_Phoenix" title="River Phoenix">River Phoenix</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fabrizio_Bentivoglio" title="Fabrizio Bentivoglio">Fabrizio Bentivoglio</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Xia_Yu_(actor)" title="Xia Yu (actor)">Xia Yu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Citran" title="Roberto Citran">Roberto Citran</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tz_George" title="Götz George">Götz George</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ian_Hart" title="Ian Hart">Ian Hart</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liam_Neeson" title="Liam Neeson">Liam Neeson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chris_Penn" title="Chris Penn">Chris Penn</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Snipes" title="Wesley Snipes">Wesley Snipes</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Broadbent" title="Jim Broadbent">Jim Broadbent</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Javier_Bardem" title="Javier Bardem">Javier Bardem</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Lo_Cascio" title="Luigi Lo Cascio">Luigi Lo Cascio</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Accorsi" title="Stefano Accorsi">Stefano Accorsi</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Javier_Bardem" title="Javier Bardem">Javier Bardem</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Strathairn" title="David Strathairn">David Strathairn</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Affleck" title="Ben Affleck">Ben Affleck</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brad_Pitt" title="Brad Pitt">Brad Pitt</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Orlando" title="Silvio Orlando">Silvio Orlando</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Firth" title="Colin Firth">Colin Firth</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Gallo" title="Vincent Gallo">Vincent Gallo</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fassbender" title="Michael Fassbender">Michael Fassbender</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Seymour_Hoffman" title="Philip Seymour Hoffman">Philip Seymour Hoffman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Phoenix" title="Joaquin Phoenix">Joaquin Phoenix</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Themis Panou (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Driver" title="Adam Driver">Adam Driver</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fabrice_Luchini" title="Fabrice Luchini">Fabrice Luchini</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Mart%C3%ADnez_(actor)" title="Oscar Martínez (actor)">Oscar Martínez</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kamel_El_Basha" title="Kamel El Basha">Kamel El Basha</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luca_Marinelli" title="Luca Marinelli">Luca Marinelli</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierfrancesco_Favino" title="Pierfrancesco Favino">Pierfrancesco Favino</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Arcilla" title="John Arcilla">John Arcilla</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Farrell" title="Colin Farrell">Colin Farrell</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sarsgaard" title="Peter Sarsgaard">Peter Sarsgaard</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Lindon" title="Vincent Lindon">Vincent Lindon</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/21px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/32px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/42px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:California" title="Portal:California">California</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Poland" title="Portal:Poland">Poland</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/21px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/42px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182292#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182292#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182292#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000081210325">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/42041090">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/198579/">FAST</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/479792/">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxrXX66Pt6QwpkWqJRHYP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/117182052">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85151676">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14040154r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14040154r">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35978402">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1166746">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p124392997">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1032027">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2020S3380">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/nl0242m64jn5vpr">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007274056305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058519105206706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA1176381X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1171294">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd117182052.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/117182052">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/131168789">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6pv7k5k">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/50044192">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&oldid=1258097508">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Muni&oldid=1258097508</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1895_births" title="Category:1895 births">1895 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1967_deaths" title="Category:1967 deaths">1967 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_male_actors" title="Category:20th-century American male 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