CINXE.COM
Advice | Times Higher Education (THE)
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd"> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:article="http://ogp.me/ns/article#" xmlns:book="http://ogp.me/ns/book#" xmlns:profile="http://ogp.me/ns/profile#" xmlns:video="http://ogp.me/ns/video#" xmlns:product="http://ogp.me/ns/product#"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice","20170307140637","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1488895597"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta charset="utf-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={xpid:"Ug8HVFVXGwIGVlBTBQEE"};window.NREUM||(NREUM={}),__nr_require=function(t,e,n){function r(n){if(!e[n]){var o=e[n]={exports:{}};t[n][0].call(o.exports,function(e){var o=t[n][1][e];return r(o||e)},o,o.exports)}return e[n].exports}if("function"==typeof __nr_require)return __nr_require;for(var o=0;o<n.length;o++)r(n[o]);return r}({1:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){try{c.console&&console.log(t)}catch(e){}}var o,i=t("ee"),a=t(15),c={};try{o=localStorage.getItem("__nr_flags").split(","),console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&(c.console=!0,o.indexOf("dev")!==-1&&(c.dev=!0),o.indexOf("nr_dev")!==-1&&(c.nrDev=!0))}catch(s){}c.nrDev&&i.on("internal-error",function(t){r(t.stack)}),c.dev&&i.on("fn-err",function(t,e,n){r(n.stack)}),c.dev&&(r("NR AGENT IN DEVELOPMENT MODE"),r("flags: "+a(c,function(t,e){return t}).join(", ")))},{}],2:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n,r,o){try{d?d-=1:i("err",[o||new UncaughtException(t,e,n)])}catch(c){try{i("ierr",[c,(new Date).getTime(),!0])}catch(s){}}return"function"==typeof f&&f.apply(this,a(arguments))}function UncaughtException(t,e,n){this.message=t||"Uncaught error with no additional information",this.sourceURL=e,this.line=n}function o(t){i("err",[t,(new Date).getTime()])}var i=t("handle"),a=t(16),c=t("ee"),s=t("loader"),f=window.onerror,u=!1,d=0;s.features.err=!0,t(1),window.onerror=r;try{throw new Error}catch(l){"stack"in l&&(t(8),t(7),"addEventListener"in window&&t(5),s.xhrWrappable&&t(9),u=!0)}c.on("fn-start",function(t,e,n){u&&(d+=1)}),c.on("fn-err",function(t,e,n){u&&(this.thrown=!0,o(n))}),c.on("fn-end",function(){u&&!this.thrown&&d>0&&(d-=1)}),c.on("internal-error",function(t){i("ierr",[t,(new Date).getTime(),!0])})},{}],3:[function(t,e,n){t("loader").features.ins=!0},{}],4:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){}if(window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&window.performance.getEntriesByType){var o=t("ee"),i=t("handle"),a=t(8),c=t(7),s="learResourceTimings",f="addEventListener",u="resourcetimingbufferfull",d="bstResource",l="resource",p="-start",h="-end",m="fn"+p,w="fn"+h,v="bstTimer",y="pushState";t("loader").features.stn=!0,t(6);var g=NREUM.o.EV;o.on(m,function(t,e){var n=t[0];n instanceof g&&(this.bstStart=Date.now())}),o.on(w,function(t,e){var n=t[0];n instanceof g&&i("bst",[n,e,this.bstStart,Date.now()])}),a.on(m,function(t,e,n){this.bstStart=Date.now(),this.bstType=n}),a.on(w,function(t,e){i(v,[e,this.bstStart,Date.now(),this.bstType])}),c.on(m,function(){this.bstStart=Date.now()}),c.on(w,function(t,e){i(v,[e,this.bstStart,Date.now(),"requestAnimationFrame"])}),o.on(y+p,function(t){this.time=Date.now(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash}),o.on(y+h,function(t){i("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time])}),f in window.performance&&(window.performance["c"+s]?window.performance[f](u,function(t){i(d,[window.performance.getEntriesByType(l)]),window.performance["c"+s]()},!1):window.performance[f]("webkit"+u,function(t){i(d,[window.performance.getEntriesByType(l)]),window.performance["webkitC"+s]()},!1)),document[f]("scroll",r,!1),document[f]("keypress",r,!1),document[f]("click",r,!1)}},{}],5:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){for(var e=t;e&&!e.hasOwnProperty(u);)e=Object.getPrototypeOf(e);e&&o(e)}function o(t){c.inPlace(t,[u,d],"-",i)}function i(t,e){return t[1]}var a=t("ee").get("events"),c=t(17)(a,!0),s=t("gos"),f=XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener";e.exports=a,"getPrototypeOf"in Object?(r(document),r(window),r(f.prototype)):f.prototype.hasOwnProperty(u)&&(o(window),o(f.prototype)),a.on(u+"-start",function(t,e){var n=t[1],r=s(n,"nr@wrapped",function(){function t(){if("function"==typeof n.handleEvent)return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)}var e={object:t,"function":n}[typeof n];return e?c(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n});this.wrapped=t[1]=r}),a.on(d+"-start",function(t){t[1]=this.wrapped||t[1]})},{}],6:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("ee").get("history"),o=t(17)(r);e.exports=r,o.inPlace(window.history,["pushState","replaceState"],"-")},{}],7:[function(t,e,n){var r=t("ee").get("raf"),o=t(17)(r),i="equestAnimationFrame";e.exports=r,o.inPlace(window,["r"+i,"mozR"+i,"webkitR"+i,"msR"+i],"raf-"),r.on("raf-start",function(t){t[0]=o(t[0],"fn-")})},{}],8:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",null,n)}function o(t,e,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration="number"==typeof t[1]?t[1]:0,t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",this,n)}var i=t("ee").get("timer"),a=t(17)(i),c="setTimeout",s="setInterval",f="clearTimeout",u="-start",d="-";e.exports=i,a.inPlace(window,[c,"setImmediate"],c+d),a.inPlace(window,[s],s+d),a.inPlace(window,[f,"clearImmediate"],f+d),i.on(s+u,r),i.on(c+u,o)},{}],9:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){d.inPlace(e,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",c)}function o(){var t=this,e=u.context(t);t.readyState>3&&!e.resolved&&(e.resolved=!0,u.emit("xhr-resolved",[],t)),d.inPlace(t,w,"fn-",c)}function i(t){v.push(t),h&&(g=-g,b.data=g)}function a(){for(var t=0;t<v.length;t++)r([],v[t]);v.length&&(v=[])}function c(t,e){return e}function s(t,e){for(var n in t)e[n]=t[n];return e}t(5);var f=t("ee"),u=f.get("xhr"),d=t(17)(u),l=NREUM.o,p=l.XHR,h=l.MO,m="readystatechange",w=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],v=[];e.exports=u;var y=window.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){var e=new p(t);try{u.emit("new-xhr",[e],e),e.addEventListener(m,o,!1)}catch(n){try{u.emit("internal-error",[n])}catch(r){}}return e};if(s(p,y),y.prototype=p.prototype,d.inPlace(y.prototype,["open","send"],"-xhr-",c),u.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,e){r(t,e),i(e)}),u.on("open-xhr-start",r),h){var g=1,b=document.createTextNode(g);new h(a).observe(b,{characterData:!0})}else f.on("fn-end",function(t){t[0]&&t[0].type===m||a()})},{}],10:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){var e=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(var r=0;r<d;r++)t.removeEventListener(u[r],this.listener,!1);if(!e.aborted){if(n.duration=(new Date).getTime()-this.startTime,4===t.readyState){e.status=t.status;var i=o(t,this.lastSize);if(i&&(n.rxSize=i),this.sameOrigin){var a=t.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");a&&(e.cat=a.split(", ").pop())}}else e.status=0;n.cbTime=this.cbTime,f.emit("xhr-done",[t],t),c("xhr",[e,n,this.startTime])}}}function o(t,e){var n=t.responseType;if("json"===n&&null!==e)return e;var r="arraybuffer"===n||"blob"===n||"json"===n?t.response:t.responseText;return h(r)}function i(t,e){var n=s(e),r=t.params;r.host=n.hostname+":"+n.port,r.pathname=n.pathname,t.sameOrigin=n.sameOrigin}var a=t("loader");if(a.xhrWrappable){var c=t("handle"),s=t(11),f=t("ee"),u=["load","error","abort","timeout"],d=u.length,l=t("id"),p=t(14),h=t(13),m=window.XMLHttpRequest;a.features.xhr=!0,t(9),f.on("new-xhr",function(t){var e=this;e.totalCbs=0,e.called=0,e.cbTime=0,e.end=r,e.ended=!1,e.xhrGuids={},e.lastSize=null,p&&(p>34||p<10)||window.opera||t.addEventListener("progress",function(t){e.lastSize=t.loaded},!1)}),f.on("open-xhr-start",function(t){this.params={method:t[0]},i(this,t[1]),this.metrics={}}),f.on("open-xhr-end",function(t,e){"loader_config"in NREUM&&"xpid"in NREUM.loader_config&&this.sameOrigin&&e.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",NREUM.loader_config.xpid)}),f.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,e){var n=this.metrics,r=t[0],o=this;if(n&&r){var i=h(r);i&&(n.txSize=i)}this.startTime=(new Date).getTime(),this.listener=function(t){try{"abort"===t.type&&(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==t.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof e.onload))&&o.end(e)}catch(n){try{f.emit("internal-error",[n])}catch(r){}}};for(var a=0;a<d;a++)e.addEventListener(u[a],this.listener,!1)}),f.on("xhr-cb-time",function(t,e,n){this.cbTime+=t,e?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof n.onload||this.end(n)}),f.on("xhr-load-added",function(t,e){var n=""+l(t)+!!e;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[n]&&(this.xhrGuids[n]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}),f.on("xhr-load-removed",function(t,e){var n=""+l(t)+!!e;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[n]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[n],this.totalCbs-=1)}),f.on("addEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof m&&"load"===t[0]&&f.emit("xhr-load-added",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),f.on("removeEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof m&&"load"===t[0]&&f.emit("xhr-load-removed",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),f.on("fn-start",function(t,e,n){e instanceof m&&("onload"===n&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(t[0]&&t[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(new Date).getTime()))}),f.on("fn-end",function(t,e){this.xhrCbStart&&f.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(new Date).getTime()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,e],e)})}},{}],11:[function(t,e,n){e.exports=function(t){var e=document.createElement("a"),n=window.location,r={};e.href=t,r.port=e.port;var o=e.href.split("://");!r.port&&o[1]&&(r.port=o[1].split("/")[0].split("@").pop().split(":")[1]),r.port&&"0"!==r.port||(r.port="https"===o[0]?"443":"80"),r.hostname=e.hostname||n.hostname,r.pathname=e.pathname,r.protocol=o[0],"/"!==r.pathname.charAt(0)&&(r.pathname="/"+r.pathname);var i=!e.protocol||":"===e.protocol||e.protocol===n.protocol,a=e.hostname===document.domain&&e.port===n.port;return r.sameOrigin=i&&(!e.hostname||a),r}},{}],12:[function(t,e,n){function r(){}function o(t,e,n){return function(){return i(t,[(new Date).getTime()].concat(c(arguments)),e?null:this,n),e?void 0:this}}var i=t("handle"),a=t(15),c=t(16),s=t("ee").get("tracer"),f=NREUM;"undefined"==typeof window.newrelic&&(newrelic=f);var u=["setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit"],d="api-",l=d+"ixn-";a(u,function(t,e){f[e]=o(d+e,!0,"api")}),f.addPageAction=o(d+"addPageAction",!0),f.setCurrentRouteName=o(d+"routeName",!0),e.exports=newrelic,f.interaction=function(){return(new r).get()};var p=r.prototype={createTracer:function(t,e){var n={},r=this,o="function"==typeof e;return i(l+"tracer",[Date.now(),t,n],r),function(){if(s.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[Date.now(),r,o],n),o)try{return e.apply(this,arguments)}finally{s.emit("fn-end",[Date.now()],n)}}}};a("setName,setAttribute,save,ignore,onEnd,getContext,end,get".split(","),function(t,e){p[e]=o(l+e)}),newrelic.noticeError=function(t){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),i("err",[t,(new Date).getTime()])}},{}],13:[function(t,e,n){e.exports=function(t){if("string"==typeof t&&t.length)return t.length;if("object"==typeof t){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&t instanceof ArrayBuffer&&t.byteLength)return t.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&t instanceof Blob&&t.size)return t.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&t instanceof FormData))try{return JSON.stringify(t).length}catch(e){return}}}},{}],14:[function(t,e,n){var r=0,o=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[\/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);o&&(r=+o[1]),e.exports=r},{}],15:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){var n=[],r="",i=0;for(r in t)o.call(t,r)&&(n[i]=e(r,t[r]),i+=1);return n}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;e.exports=r},{}],16:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){e||(e=0),"undefined"==typeof n&&(n=t?t.length:0);for(var r=-1,o=n-e||0,i=Array(o<0?0:o);++r<o;)i[r]=t[e+r];return i}e.exports=r},{}],17:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){return!(t&&t instanceof Function&&t.apply&&!t[a])}var o=t("ee"),i=t(16),a="nr@original",c=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;e.exports=function(t,e){function n(t,e,n,o){function nrWrapper(){var r,a,c,s;try{a=this,r=i(arguments),c="function"==typeof n?n(r,a):n||{}}catch(f){l([f,"",[r,a,o],c])}u(e+"start",[r,a,o],c);try{return s=t.apply(a,r)}catch(d){throw u(e+"err",[r,a,d],c),d}finally{u(e+"end",[r,a,s],c)}}return r(t)?t:(e||(e=""),nrWrapper[a]=t,d(t,nrWrapper),nrWrapper)}function f(t,e,o,i){o||(o="");var a,c,s,f="-"===o.charAt(0);for(s=0;s<e.length;s++)c=e[s],a=t[c],r(a)||(t[c]=n(a,f?c+o:o,i,c))}function u(n,r,o){if(!s||e){var i=s;s=!0;try{t.emit(n,r,o)}catch(a){l([a,n,r,o])}s=i}}function d(t,e){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{var n=Object.keys(t);return n.forEach(function(n){Object.defineProperty(e,n,{get:function(){return t[n]},set:function(e){return t[n]=e,e}})}),e}catch(r){l([r])}for(var o in t)c.call(t,o)&&(e[o]=t[o]);return e}function l(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(n){}}return t||(t=o),n.inPlace=f,n.flag=a,n}},{}],ee:[function(t,e,n){function r(){}function o(t){function e(t){return t&&t instanceof r?t:t?s(t,c,i):i()}function n(n,r,o){if(!l.aborted){t&&t(n,r,o);for(var i=e(o),a=h(n),c=a.length,s=0;s<c;s++)a[s].apply(i,r);var f=u[y[n]];return f&&f.push([g,n,r,i]),i}}function p(t,e){v[t]=h(t).concat(e)}function h(t){return v[t]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||o(n)}function w(t,e){f(t,function(t,n){e=e||"feature",y[n]=e,e in u||(u[e]=[])})}var v={},y={},g={on:p,emit:n,get:m,listeners:h,context:e,buffer:w,abort:a,aborted:!1};return g}function i(){return new r}function a(){(u.api||u.feature)&&(l.aborted=!0,u=l.backlog={})}var c="nr@context",s=t("gos"),f=t(15),u={},d={},l=e.exports=o();l.backlog=u},{}],gos:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n){if(o.call(t,e))return t[e];var r=n();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(t,e,{value:r,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),r}catch(i){}return t[e]=r,r}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;e.exports=r},{}],handle:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e,n,r){o.buffer([t],r),o.emit(t,e,n)}var o=t("ee").get("handle");e.exports=r,r.ee=o},{}],id:[function(t,e,n){function r(t){var e=typeof t;return!t||"object"!==e&&"function"!==e?-1:t===window?0:a(t,i,function(){return o++})}var o=1,i="nr@id",a=t("gos");e.exports=r},{}],loader:[function(t,e,n){function r(){if(!b++){var t=g.info=NREUM.info,e=d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];if(setTimeout(f.abort,3e4),!(t&&t.licenseKey&&t.applicationID&&e))return f.abort();s(v,function(e,n){t[e]||(t[e]=n)}),c("mark",["onload",a()],null,"api");var n=d.createElement("script");n.src="https://"+t.agent,e.parentNode.insertBefore(n,e)}}function o(){"complete"===d.readyState&&i()}function i(){c("mark",["domContent",a()],null,"api")}function a(){return(new Date).getTime()}var c=t("handle"),s=t(15),f=t("ee"),u=window,d=u.document,l="addEventListener",p="attachEvent",h=u.XMLHttpRequest,m=h&&h.prototype;NREUM.o={ST:setTimeout,CT:clearTimeout,XHR:h,REQ:u.Request,EV:u.Event,PR:u.Promise,MO:u.MutationObserver},t(12);var w=""+location,v={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",agent:"js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-998.min.js"},y=h&&m&&m[l]&&!/CriOS/.test(navigator.userAgent),g=e.exports={offset:a(),origin:w,features:{},xhrWrappable:y};d[l]?(d[l]("DOMContentLoaded",i,!1),u[l]("load",r,!1)):(d[p]("onreadystatechange",o),u[p]("onload",r)),c("mark",["firstbyte",a()],null,"api");var b=0},{}]},{},["loader",2,10,4,3]);</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/themes/custom/the_responsive/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=578411515"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/taxonomy/term/3410"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Times Higher Education (THE)"/> <meta property="mz:section" content="student"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="mz:subsection" content="Advice"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice"/> <meta property="mz:type" content="landing"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Advice"/> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="KJs1E-IVyjYA-caTRM8z_rMaVUI_xI-lHuRXCAqu4Zo"/> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="DBA2827FABEE1B561280B9DBAD77C9A3"/> <title>Advice | Times Higher Education (THE)</title> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637cs_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/css/css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css" media="all"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637cs_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/css/css_IjVDL-ZVE5VXwAMiNOtvj8kUoE0ESNenqVTFGzGmD7g.css" media="all"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637cs_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/css/css_3DMcGQnZ2SJeLV2JdbGocDjaVXtLSzOHjR88t6qkK-Y.css" media="all"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637cs_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/css/css_6Z2nQMt0XQFQqV_STij9a-8-szEXP67rSAX1bm-zrqQ.css" media="all"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637cs_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/css/css_RHS5H3BtVwDLfcSPLyhcLW5-sYQq9kROlZqciF5HCww.css" media="all"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637cs_/https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.4.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all"/> <!-- HTML5 element support for IE6-8 --> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="//html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script> <![endif]--> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_fyWQtM6gT1sG704DIBBdEBMibWhSfNhT7TuAl1FlTXg.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_HbE2XwzjmAgINxgddfJIkmp_TqZJiMR223hyz8f84-0.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_macIwXA0lAoweZdjI59M3GjWajpaWynDmG-uQ_Re83Q.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_QmhPET0rRrEB6sMjtxfsopSQDxl0ZccyMaCOLJTanE4.js"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","ajaxPageState":{"theme":"the_responsive","theme_token":"xSs8umC-EFxnypDfux5CoDuCCol8ql5kFC1Gu1_LnG8","js":{"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/external\/jquery.cookie.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/custom\/push_notifications_client\/js\/notification.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/custom\/tes_license_search\/js\/scripts.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_geography_extras\/js\/the-geography-extras.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_most_viewed_commented\/js\/most_viewed_commented.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_user_restrictions\/js\/paywall.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/caption_filter\/js\/caption-filter.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/custom\/the_dfp\/js\/the_dfp.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_dmp\/includes\/the_dmp_dynamic.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/custom\/mz_analytics\/js\/mz_analytics.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_login_modal\/js\/the_login_modal.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/mz_events_the\/js\/mz_events_the.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/custom\/the_cache_control\/the_cache_control_new_relic.js":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_nag_footer\/includes\/the_nag_footer.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/chosen\/chosen.js":1,"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170307140637\/https:\/\/native.sharethrough.com\/assets\/sfp.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/bootstrap\/js\/bootstrap.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/1.7\/jquery.min.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/chosen\/chosen.jquery.min.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/js\/search-form.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/smartmenus\/jquery.smartmenus.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/smartmenus\/addons\/bootstrap\/jquery.smartmenus.bootstrap.min.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/js\/nav-bar.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/jssocials\/jssocials.min.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/js\/social.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/bootstrap\/dist\/js\/bootstrap.min.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/js\/stats.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/js\/global.js":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/js\/hacks.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/chosen\/chosen.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/chosen\/css\/chosen-drupal.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_api\/date.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_popup\/themes\/datepicker.1.7.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_most_viewed_commented\/css\/most_viewed_commented.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_user_restrictions\/css\/paywall_message.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/workflow\/workflow_admin_ui\/workflow_admin_ui.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/caption_filter\/caption-filter.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_panels_bootstrap_layouts\/plugins\/layouts\/bootstrap_bricks\/..\/the-panels-bootstrap-layouts.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/field_group\/field_group.field_ui.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/node_embed\/plugins\/node_embed\/node_embed.css":1,"sites\/default\/modules\/custom\/the_nag_footer\/includes\/the_nag_footer.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/vendor\/bootstrap-sass\/bootstrap_styles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/vendor\/jssocial\/jssocial_styles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/about_us.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/adverts.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/article_byline.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/article_content.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/article_dont_miss.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/article_featured_image.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/article_node_type.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/article_tags.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/articles_featured_article_grid.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/articles_list_full_width.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/articles_rankings_sidebar.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/articles_region_outer_footer.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/bootstrap_overrides.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/breadcrumbs.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/buttons.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/comment.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/commercial_product_articles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/content_header.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/country_flag_list.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/country_stats.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/data_rankings_table.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/data_team_list.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/drupal_overrides.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/drupal_specific.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/feature_article_info.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/flags.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/footer.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/full_width_section_header.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/geography.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/header_banner.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/headings.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/jobs_list.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/jobs_search.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/login_modal.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/masonry_grid.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/misc.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/nav_dropdown_menu.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/nav_header.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/nav_header_sticky.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/nav_mobile_arrows.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/nav_share_buttons.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/nav_user_login.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_author.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_blocks.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_byline_teaser.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_contact_us.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_feature_full_width.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_feature_half_width.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_layout.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_listing.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_listing_horizontal.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_listing_hover.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_login_modal.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_profile_driver.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_ranking_institution.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_simple_listing.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_student_seo.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_taxonomy.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_teaser.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/node_vertical_three_column.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/numbered_list.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/panel_regions.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/panel_tabs.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/panels_panes.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/panels_region_panes.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/panels_region_rankings.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/panes.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/paywall.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/popup.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/profile_12colcard.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/profile_downloads_block.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/profile_driver.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/profile_key_statistics_panel.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/profile_page.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/profile_picture_carousel.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/profile_rankings_data.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/ranking_pages.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/rankings_bookmark_ribbon.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/rankings_datatables_overrides.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/rankings_jump_select_box.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/rankings_pagination.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/rankings_regional_table.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/rankings_responsive_table.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/rankings_social_links.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/resubscribe.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_form_header.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_form_institution.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_form_keywords.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_form_page.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_form_results.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_grouped_results.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_refine.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/search_results.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/sentence_style_form.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/sentence_style_form_ranking_overrides.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/simple_byline.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/social_academic.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/social_article_counter.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/social_fonts.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/solr_search.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/solr_search_results.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/sponsor_tile.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_cart.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_checkout.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_currency.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_header.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_landing.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_mypayments.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_myproducts.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_products.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_products_teaser.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_purchased_product.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/store_resubscribe_page.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/students.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/styleguide.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/sub_nav_full_width.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/subject_institution_list.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/subject_pages.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/subjects.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/subscription_landing.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/summit_articles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/summits_tile.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/swatch_colours.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/taxomony_term_item.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/taxonomy_institutions.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/taxonomy_tree.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/author_byline_article.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/tes_buttons.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/the_data.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/the_hiring.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/the_summits.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/typography.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/typography_sizes.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/ul_rectangles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/user_profile.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_articles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_author.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_comments.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_globals.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_region_maps.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_responsive_byline.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_stats_country.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_student_landing_articles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_student_related_articles.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/views_wur.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/what_customers_saying.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/wur_by_subject.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/wur_landing_universe.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/wur_lists_basket.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/wur_modal.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/wur_my_lists.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/wur_rankings_stats.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/wur_universities_list.css":1,"sites\/default\/themes\/custom\/the_responsive\/css\/styles\/component_testimonial.css":1,"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170307140637\/https:\/\/maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com\/font-awesome\/4.4.0\/css\/font-awesome.min.css":1}},"chosen":{"selector":"select:visible","minimum_single":20,"minimum_multiple":20,"minimum_width":200,"options":{"disable_search":false,"disable_search_threshold":0,"search_contains":true,"placeholder_text_multiple":"Choose some options","placeholder_text_single":"Choose an option","no_results_text":"No results match","inherit_select_classes":true}},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/":true,"\/student\/advice":true},"theImpressionsTracking":{"impressions":{"ranking_institution":["598","598","131441","131441","131529","131529","131740","131740"]}},"the_dfp":{"slots":[],"enable_debug":0},"push_server_url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170307140637\/https:\/\/master-sjnovehijky32.eu.platform.sh","push_notifications_client_module_path":"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/custom\/push_notifications_client","push_notifications_client_source":"the","push_notifications_client_safari_push_id":"web.com.timeshighereducation","push_server_api_token_endpoint":"api\/push_token","thenf":{"start":"400","min_width":"1080","restrict_roles":0,"roles":{"1":0,"2":0,"3":0,"4":0,"5":0,"6":0,"7":0,"30":0,"8":0,"13":0,"16":0,"10":0,"19":0,"25":0,"28":0,"36":0}},"mz_variables":{"mz_script":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170307140637\/https:\/\/duqxiy1o2cbw6.cloudfront.net\/tes\/mz\/417\/js\/mz.js","user_variables":{"id":0},"mz_domain":"","version_number":277},"bootstrap":{"anchorsFix":0,"anchorsSmoothScrolling":1,"popoverEnabled":1,"popoverOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"right","selector":"","trigger":"click","title":"","content":"","delay":0,"container":"body"},"tooltipEnabled":1,"tooltipOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"auto left","selector":"","trigger":"hover focus","delay":0,"container":"body"}}});</script> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-taxonomy page-taxonomy-term page-taxonomy-term- page-taxonomy-term-3410 term-student i18n-en wur-logo"> <div class="white-modal"></div> <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="region region-utmost-top"> <section id="block-the-dfp-full-page-mobile" class="block block-the-dfp clearfix"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-977858243441408-1" data-ad-page="student" data-ad-unit="2884/THE_COM/student" data-ad-mobile-size="[320,480]" data-ad-size="exclude" class="the-dfp"></div> </section> <!-- /.block --> <section id="block-the-dfp-the-dfp-header" class="block block-the-dfp clearfix"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-721713270560292-2" data-ad-page="student" data-ad-unit="2884/THE_COM/student" data-ad-mobile-size="exclude" data-ad-size="[[728,90],[970,250],[970,31]]" data-ad-priority="high" class="the-dfp"></div> </section> <!-- /.block --> </div> <header id="navbar" role="banner" class="navbar navbar-default navbar-white"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#main-menu" aria-expanded="false">Menu</button> <div class="navbar-btn--wrapper"> <a data-mz data-module="site_logo" class="logo navbar-btn" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/" title="Home"></a> </div> <a class="name navbar-brand" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/" title="Home">Times Higher Education (THE)</a> </div> <div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="main-menu"> <nav role="navigation" data-module="main-menu"> <ul class="menu nav navbar-nav"><li class="first expanded dropdown"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu" data-target="#" class="dropdown-toggle">Professional</a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/academic/news" data-mz="" data-position="menu">News</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/academic/opinion" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Comment</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/comment/reader-comments" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Reader Comments</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/academic/books" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Books</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/academic/features" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Features</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/http://www.thelmawards.co.uk/" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Awards</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/academic/digital-editions" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Digital Editions</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/unijobs" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu" data-target="#" class="dropdown-toggle">Jobs</a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/unijobs/listings/" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Find a job</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/unijobs/newalert/" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Jobs by email</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/unijobs/employers/" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Search recruiters</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/policy/careers" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Careers advice</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/summits" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Summits</a></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu" data-target="#" class="dropdown-toggle">Rankings</a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2017/world-ranking" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">World University Rankings</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/rankings/united-states/2017" data-mz="" data-position="menu">US College rankings</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/by-subject" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">By subject</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/policy/rankings" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">News</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/about-the-times-higher-education-world-university-rankings" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">About</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu" data-target="#" class="dropdown-toggle">Student</a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/best-universities" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Best universities</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/where-to-study" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Where to study</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/news" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">News</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Advice</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/blogs" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Blogs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/search/type/ranking_institution" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Find a University</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/subjects" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Subjects</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last collapsed"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/store" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Store</a></li> </ul> <div class="region region-navigation"> <section id="block-the-login-modal-the-login-modal" class="block block-the-login-modal clearfix"> <ul class="navbar-login pull-right"><li><a href="#" data-mz data-module-name="topnav" data-module-type="login" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#loginModal">Login</a></li><li><a href="#" data-mz data-module-type="register" data-module-name="topnav" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#registerModal">Register</a></li></ul><!-- login modal --> <div class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" id="loginModal" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="loginTitle"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="loginTitle">Please log in</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <form action="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice" method="post" id="user-login" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-type-textfield form-item-name form-item form-group" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Enter your e-mail address or username."> <label for="edit-name">E-mail or username <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="60" maxlength="60"/> </div> <div class="form-type-password form-item-pass form-item form-group" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Enter the password that accompanies your e-mail."> <label for="edit-pass">Password <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input class="form-control form-text required" type="password" id="edit-pass" name="pass" size="60" maxlength="128"/> </div> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-6KHaiasX7NHAlxWrZ72Qw1CkGT0Zfmy2kfHVZdiDkak"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="user_login"/> <button class="btn btn-default form-submit" id="edit-submit--2" name="op" value="Log in" type="submit">Log in</button> </div></form> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <p class="text-center join-us"> <a href="#registerModal" data-dismiss="modal" data-toggle="modal">Not a member yet?<br> <b>Join us for FREE</b></a> </br> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/the_user/password">Forgotten Password?</a> </p> <p> </p> </div> </div><!-- /.modal-content --> </div><!-- /.modal-dialog --> </div><!-- /.modal --> <div class="modal fade" id="registerModal" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="modalRegisterLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="modalRegisterLabel">Register now for free</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <form class="user-info-from-cookie" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice" method="post" id="user-register-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-pUQ3yAX_P-4IyFZBgc1uYy1mqaaCJFuhfPr9zUe8B0Y"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="user_register_form"/> <input type="hidden" name="pdf_redirect" value=""/> <div class="field-type-text field-name-field-first-name field-widget-text-textfield form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-field-first-name"><div id="field-first-name-add-more-wrapper"><div class="form-type-textfield form-item-field-first-name-und-0-value form-item form-group"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-field-first-name-und-0-value">First Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input class="text-full form-control form-text required" placeholder="First name" type="text" id="edit-field-first-name-und-0-value" name="field_first_name[und][0][value]" value="" size="60" maxlength="100"/> </div> </div></div><div class="field-type-text field-name-field-last-name field-widget-text-textfield form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-field-last-name"><div id="field-last-name-add-more-wrapper"><div class="form-type-textfield form-item-field-last-name-und-0-value form-item form-group"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-field-last-name-und-0-value">Last Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input class="text-full form-control form-text required" placeholder="Last name" type="text" id="edit-field-last-name-und-0-value" name="field_last_name[und][0][value]" value="" size="60" maxlength="100"/> </div> </div></div><div id="edit-account" class="form-wrapper form-group"><div class="form-type-textfield form-item-mail form-item form-group"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-mail">Email <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input placeholder="E-mail" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-mail" name="mail" value="" size="60" maxlength="254"/> <p class="help-block">A valid e-mail address. All e-mails from the system will be sent to this address. The e-mail address is not made public and will only be used if you wish to receive a new password or wish to receive certain news or notifications by e-mail.</p> </div> <div class="form-type-password form-item-pass form-item form-group"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-pass--2">Password </label> <input placeholder="Password" class="form-control form-text" type="password" id="edit-pass--2" name="pass" size="60" maxlength="128"/> </div> <div class="form-type-textfield form-item-name form-item form-group" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Create a username for yourself to use in public-facing parts of the site, such as commenting on articles."> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-name--2">Username <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input class="username form-control form-text required" placeholder="Username" type="text" id="edit-name--2" name="name" value="" size="100" maxlength="128"/> </div> </div><div class="field-type-list-text field-name-field-user-newsletters field-widget-options-buttons form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-field-user-newsletters"><div class="form-type-checkboxes form-item-field-user-newsletters-und form-item form-group"> <label for="edit-field-user-newsletters-und">Newsletters </label> <div id="edit-field-user-newsletters-und" class="form-checkboxes"><div class="form-type-checkbox form-item-field-user-newsletters-und-account-Dp-products form-item checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="edit-field-user-newsletters-und-account-dp-products" name="field_user_newsletters[und][account_Dp_products]" value="account_Dp_products" checked="checked" class="form-checkbox"/> <label for="edit-field-user-newsletters-und-account-dp-products">Higher education updates from the THE editorial team </label> </div> <div class="form-type-checkbox form-item-field-user-newsletters-und-account-Dp-email-439 form-item checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="edit-field-user-newsletters-und-account-dp-email-439" name="field_user_newsletters[und][account_Dp_email_439]" value="account_Dp_email_439" checked="checked" class="form-checkbox"/> <label for="edit-field-user-newsletters-und-account-dp-email-439">World University Rankings news </label> </div> <div class="form-type-checkbox form-item-field-user-newsletters-und-account-Dp-third-party form-item checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="edit-field-user-newsletters-und-account-dp-third-party" name="field_user_newsletters[und][account_Dp_third_party]" value="account_Dp_third_party" checked="checked" class="form-checkbox"/> <label for="edit-field-user-newsletters-und-account-dp-third-party">New offers, products and services from THE/TES Global </label> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="field-type-list-text field-name-field-profile-type field-widget-options-select form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-field-profile-type"><div class="form-type-select form-item-field-profile-type-und form-item form-group"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-field-profile-type-und">Choose your profile <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <select class="form-control form-select required" id="edit-field-profile-type-und" name="field_profile_type[und]"><option value="_none">- Choose your profile type -</option><option value="academic">Academic</option><option value="student">Student</option><option value="parent">Parent</option><option value="university_administrator">University Administrator</option></select> </div> </div><div class="field-type-text field-name-field-survey-answer field-widget-text-textfield form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-field-survey-answer"><div id="field-survey-answer-add-more-wrapper"><div class="form-type-textfield form-item-field-survey-answer-und-0-value form-item form-group"> <label for="edit-field-survey-answer-und-0-value">Survey answer </label> <input class="text-full form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-field-survey-answer-und-0-value" name="field_survey_answer[und][0][value]" value="" size="60" maxlength="255"/> </div> </div></div><button class="btn btn-default form-submit" id="edit-submit--3" name="op" value="Join us" type="submit">Join us</button> </div></form> <p class="disclaimer">By registering, you agree to our <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/cookie-policy" target="_blank">cookie policy</a> and <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/terms-and-conditions" target="_blank">terms and conditions</a>.</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <p class="text-center join-us"> <a href="#loginModal" data-dismiss="modal" data-toggle="modal">Already have a THE account?<br> <b>Log in now</b></a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- /.block --> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="nav-share-buttons"></div> </div> <div class="region region-search-header"> <section id="block-the-site-search-tsskeyword" class="block block-the-site-search clearfix"> <form class="the-search-form the-search-form--keyword" action="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice" method="post" id="the-site-search-form-keyword" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-type-textfield form-item-keys form-item form-group"> <input placeholder="Search" class="search-form__textfield search-keys-field form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="60" maxlength="128"/> </div> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-fVUsenhqdqRTGEfA1z1ET9ZeWnVcQRU6OpUX7xkBqlQ"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="the_site_search_form_keyword"/> <button class="btn btn-default form-submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="GO" type="submit">GO</button> </div></form> </section> <!-- /.block --> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="region region-hero"> </div> <div class="main-container"> <header role="banner" id="page-header"> </header> <!-- /#page-header --> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-8"> <div class="main-col-padding"> <div class="panel-panel content_top"><div class="panel-pane pane-page-title"> <div class="pane-content"> <h1>Advice</h1> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-views-panes pane-student-landing-page-articles-panel-pane-5 bootstrap-twocol-stacked"> <div class="pane-content"> <div data-module="how to apply to university: essential guide to university applications" class="view view-student-landing-page-articles view-id-student_landing_page_articles view-display-id-panel_pane_5 articles-in-twos view-dom-id-66adabcea959d065d18934e6ca433603"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div id="node-603192" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/how-apply-university-essential-guide-university-applications"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/college_application.jpg?itok=bzyQ5xvX" width="375" height="211" alt="College application" title="College application"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/how-apply-university-essential-guide-university-applications">How to apply to university: essential guide to university applications</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">Expert advice and support for all stages of the university application process and studying abroad</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> February 7th 2017 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div id="node-601956" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/choosing-your-university-5-things-do-submitting-your-ucas-application"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/submit_application.jpg?itok=Qk8_NZ1v" width="375" height="211" alt="Submit application" title="Submit application"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/choosing-your-university-5-things-do-submitting-your-ucas-application">Choosing your university: 5 things to do before submitting your Ucas application</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">A five-step checklist to make sure you're ready to submit your Ucas application</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> December 21st 2016 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd"> <div id="node-600403" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/what-phd-advice-phd-students"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/phd_progress.jpg?itok=r_XNQHGt" width="375" height="211" alt="PhD, doctorate" title="Find out about what a PhD is and if it is right for you"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/what-phd-advice-phd-students">What is a PhD? Advice for PhD students</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">How long does it take to get a doctorate degree? How do you get into grad school? Are you qualified to do a PhD? Answers to these questions and more</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> November 29th 2016 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-4 views-row-even"> <div id="node-598813" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/college-tuition-fee-scams-how-international-students-can-protect-themselves"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/credit_card_scam.jpg?itok=xLg4QUeE" width="375" height="211" alt="Tuition fee scam" title="Tuition fee scam"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/college-tuition-fee-scams-how-international-students-can-protect-themselves">College tuition fee scams: how international students can protect themselves</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">A tuition fee expert proposes common-sense steps students and their families can take to protect themselves against fraudulent tuition payment schemes.</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> November 7th 2016 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-5 views-row-odd"> <div id="node-596758" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/why-us-college-rankings-are-designed-students"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/shoes_questions.jpg?itok=9gUD6Pmx" width="375" height="211" alt="student questions" title="student questions"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/why-us-college-rankings-are-designed-students">Why the US College Rankings are designed for students</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">A guide to how the US College Rankings answer the most important questions students ask about universities</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> October 7th 2016 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-6 views-row-even"> <div id="node-596566" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/how-write-us-college-admissions-essay"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/writing_essay.jpg?itok=OA994WzF" width="375" height="211" alt="Essay writing" title="Essay writing"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/how-write-us-college-admissions-essay">How to write a US college admissions essay</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">A step-by-step guide to writing your personal essay for US college applications</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> October 5th 2016 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-7 views-row-odd"> <div id="node-591737" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/top-10-scenic-locations-study-abroad"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/top_10_scenic_locations_to_study_abroad_ies_abroad.png?itok=HcBqI7Ii" width="375" height="211" alt="Scenic locations to study abroad" title="Scenic locations to study abroad"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/top-10-scenic-locations-study-abroad">Top 10 scenic locations to study abroad</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">Stunning photography by international students captures the most scenic destinations to study abroad</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> September 16th 2016 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-8 views-row-even views-row-last"> <div id="node-591320" class="node node-student-article node-teaser node-teaser node-listing clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-field-students-images field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/survival-guide-international-students-your-first-168-hours-united-states"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/article_teaser/public/suitcase_arrival.jpg?itok=UElw5VFp" width="375" height="211" alt="Student with suitcase" title="Student with suitcase"/></a></div></div></div> <h2><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice/survival-guide-international-students-your-first-168-hours-united-states">Survival guide for international students: your first 168 hours in the United States</a></h2> <div class="content "> <div class="field field-name-field-student-standfirst field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">A successful businessman who came to America as a young student shares his advice for incoming international students</div></div></div> <div class="submitted"> September 13th 2016 </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-center"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active first"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="#">1</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 2" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=1">2</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 3" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=2">3</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 4" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=3">4</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 5" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=4">5</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 6" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=5">6</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 7" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=6">7</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 8" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=7">8</a></li> <li><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to page 9" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=8">9</a></li> <li class="next last"><a data-mz data-position="list" title="Go to next page" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice?page=1">next ›</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-views-panes pane-the-institutions-panel-pane-1 view-mode-profile_driver show-4-items"> <h2 class="pane-title"> Featured universities </h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div data-module="featured universities" class="view view-the-institutions view-id-the_institutions view-display-id-panel_pane_1 view-dom-id-489cd2332e3198616ca95572dcb1441a"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div id="node-598" class="node node-ranking-institution node-profile_driver has-logo member-silver clearfix"> <div class="profile-driver"> <div class="profile-driver__banner-image"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/institution_8col_card/public/institution_images/academy.jpg?itok=R6uMPQIa" width="750" height="288" alt=""/> </div> <div class="profile-driver__content"> <div class="profile-driver__logo"> <div class="field field-name-field-logo field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-of-groningen"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/institution_logo_320x320/public/university_of_groningen_logo.jpg?itok=0Aec4LYt" width="320" height="320"/></a></div></div></div> </div> <div class="profile-driver__links--wrapper"> <h3 class="profile-driver__title"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-of-groningen">University of Groningen</a></h3> <div class="profile-driver__video"> <div class="field field-name-field-institution-video field-type-media field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" class="btn btn-default btn-xs btn-margin" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-of-groningen?popupvideo=true"><i class="fa fa-play"></i>Video</a></div></div></div> </div> <div class="profile-driver__explore"> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-of-groningen" class="btn btn-default btn-xs" data-mz="">Explore</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div id="node-131441" class="node node-ranking-institution node-profile_driver no-logo member-silver clearfix"> <div class="profile-driver"> <div class="profile-driver__banner-image"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/institution_8col_card/public/institution/header_image/l.n.-gumilyov-eurasian-national-university-aeriel-view.jpg?itok=WDaQFeDn" width="750" height="288" alt=""/> </div> <div class="profile-driver__content"> <div class="profile-driver__links--wrapper"> <h3 class="profile-driver__title"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/ln-gumilyov-eurasian-national-university">L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University</a></h3> <div class="profile-driver__explore"> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/ln-gumilyov-eurasian-national-university" class="btn btn-default btn-xs" data-mz="">Explore</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd"> <div id="node-131529" class="node node-ranking-institution node-profile_driver has-logo member-bronze clearfix"> <div class="profile-driver"> <div class="profile-driver__banner-image"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/institution_8col_card/public/institution/header_image/the_headercraig-01_copy.jpg?itok=0WuOAM76" width="750" height="288" alt=""/> </div> <div class="profile-driver__content"> <div class="profile-driver__logo"> <div class="field field-name-field-logo field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/edinburgh-napier-university"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/institution_logo_320x320/public/logo_17.jpg?itok=0JDywYC4" width="320" height="320"/></a></div></div></div> </div> <div class="profile-driver__links--wrapper"> <h3 class="profile-driver__title"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/edinburgh-napier-university">Edinburgh Napier University</a></h3> <div class="profile-driver__video"> <div class="field field-name-field-institution-video field-type-media field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" class="btn btn-default btn-xs btn-margin" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/edinburgh-napier-university?popupvideo=true"><i class="fa fa-play"></i>Video</a></div></div></div> </div> <div class="profile-driver__explore"> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/edinburgh-napier-university" class="btn btn-default btn-xs" data-mz="">Explore</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-4 views-row-even views-row-last"> <div id="node-131740" class="node node-ranking-institution node-profile_driver has-logo member-gold clearfix"> <div class="profile-driver"> <div class="profile-driver__banner-image"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/institution_8col_card/public/institution/header_image/header_image_7.jpg?itok=6hO-600r" width="750" height="288" alt=""/> </div> <div class="profile-driver__content"> <div class="profile-driver__logo"> <div class="field field-name-field-logo field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-alcala"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/styles/institution_logo_320x320/public/universidad-de-alcala-logo.jpg?itok=Sx89klw3" width="320" height="320" alt="universidad-de-alcala-logo"/></a></div></div></div> </div> <div class="profile-driver__links--wrapper"> <h3 class="profile-driver__title"><a data-mz data-position="list" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-alcala">University of Alcalá</a></h3> <div class="profile-driver__video"> <div class="field field-name-field-institution-video field-type-media field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a data-mz data-position="list" class="btn btn-default btn-xs btn-margin" href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-alcala?popupvideo=true"><i class="fa fa-play"></i>Video</a></div></div></div> </div> <div class="profile-driver__explore"> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-alcala" class="btn btn-default btn-xs" data-mz="">Explore</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4"> <div class="panel-panel sidebar_right"><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-right-sidebar-student"> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-right_sidebar_student"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-follow-the"> <h2 class="pane-title"> Follow Us </h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="soc"><li class="first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://twitter.com/THEUniAdvice" class="twitter" title="THE on twitter" target="_blank">THE on twitter</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.facebook.com/THEworldunirank" class="facebook" title="THE on facebook" target="_blank">THE on facebook</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://www.linkedin.com/company/times-higher-education" class="linkedin" title="THE on linkedin" target="_blank">THE on linkedin</a></li> <li class="last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/http://www.weibo.com/timeshighereducation" class="weibo" title="THE on weibo" target="_blank">THE on weibo</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-1 the-student-sign-up"> <h2 class="pane-title"> Sign up with us for free! </h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul> <li><span style="line-height: 1.5; background-color: transparent;">Shortlist universities</span></li> <li><span style="line-height: 1.5; background-color: transparent;">Comment on articles</span></li> <li><span style="line-height: 1.5; background-color: transparent;">Contact authors</span></li> </ul> <p><a class="btn-the" href="#" data-mz="" data-module="topnav-register" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#registerModal">Join us</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-2 the-students-signposts"> <h2 class="pane-title"> for students </h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="student-button-box clearfix"> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/find-university"><span>Find a university</span><br/> <span class="fa fa-university"></span><br/> <span>Find the best university for you, compare and shortlist from universities world wide</span></a></div> <div class="student-button-box clearfix"> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/news"><span>Student news</span><br/> <span class="fa fa fa-newspaper-o"></span><br/> <span>Find out about what's going on in higher education around the world</span></a></div> <div class="student-button-box clearfix"> <a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/advice"><span>Help and advice</span><br/> <span class="fa fa-info"></span><br/> <span>Going to university? Already at college? We have useful and regularly updated features for students at all stages of their education</span></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-the-dfp-advert"> <div class="pane-content"> <div data-ad-page="student" class="the-dfp" id="div-gpt-ad-137859985403398-1" data-ad-unit="2884/THE_COM/student" data-ad-priority="high" data-ad-size="[[300,350],[300,600]]" data-ad-mobile-size="[300,350]"></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-the-dfp-advert"> <div class="pane-content"> <div data-ad-page="student" class="the-dfp" id="div-gpt-ad-309802599051139-2" data-ad-unit="2884/THE_COM/student" data-ad-size="[1,1]" data-ad-mobile-size="[1,1]" data-ank="strnativekey" data-anv="36e07bb5"></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-the-dfp-advert"> <div class="pane-content"> <div data-ad-page="student" class="the-dfp" id="div-gpt-ad-527219402112261-3" data-ad-unit="2884/THE_COM/student" data-ad-size="[1,1]" data-ad-mobile-size="[1,1]" data-ank="strnativekey" data-anv="9097631d"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- /.block --> </div> </div> <div class="region region-footer-ads"> <section id="block-the-dfp-the-dfp-footer" class="block block-the-dfp clearfix"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-164356515127491-3" data-ad-page="student" data-ad-unit="2884/THE_COM/student" data-ad-mobile-size="exclude" data-ad-size="[728,90]" data-ad-priority="low" class="the-dfp"></div> </section> <!-- /.block --> </div> <footer class="footer" data-module="footer"> <div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-menu-menu-footer-nav" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/contact-us" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/http://timeshighereducationonline.com/clienthub/" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Client services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/writing-for-times-higher-education/418274.article" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Write for the THE</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/terms-and-conditions" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Terms & Conditions</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/web/20170307140637/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/cookie-policy" title="" data-mz="" data-position="menu">Cookie Policy</a></li> </ul> </section> <!-- /.block --> </div> <section id="footer-top" class="footer-top"><div class="section-container container"><div><div id="the-subscribe" class="the-subscribe footer-top-col"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/themes/custom/the_responsive/img/footer/280x280-THE-footer-generic.jpg" width="221" height="289" alt="Times Higher Education subscriptions"/><p class="footer-section-title">Subscribe</p><p>If you like what you're reading online, why not take advantage of our subscription and get unlimited access to all of <i>Times Higher Education</i>'s content?</p><p>You'll get full access to our website, print and digital editions, and the <i>Times Higher Education</i> app for iOS, Android and Kindle Fire devices.</p><a class="btn-the processed" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637/https://shop.timeshighereducation.co.uk/footerthe" data-mz="">Subscribe</a></div></div></div></section> </footer> <div id="the-nag-footer" class="academic-advert"><div class="nag-footer-content"><div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div id="nag-footer-test" data-ad-unit="2884/THE_COM/home" data-ad-mobile-size="[320,50]" data-ad-size="[970,90]" data-ad-priority="nag" class="the-dfp"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637im_/https://track.adform.net/Serving/TrackPoint/?pm=711826" width="1" height="1" alt=""/></noscript> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_PdiuypZMI8o81AYEdTHwjRslVPEF69JFzr7Y9sMWt4s.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_H7q2xORKmR9AN8Qx5spKEIBp7R_wG2apAswJoCUZY7I.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_E7cEurSAuxlx__NPKxShmlSJFBAARujpxCGGdlqsAAY.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_7Mywxs4J_UqTQD0UWrgq13r2bRztdNerSc4ZlTrDzDI.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://native.sharethrough.com/assets/sfp.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307140637js_/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/js/js_B2uv6dkjoYobfQVyuXdchgrpnnx4oM0TkP_bDVf8Qrg.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"55613def96","applicationID":"16211203","transactionName":"Ml1TZBNTCkcCAkFaWAsXcFMVWwtaTBFUVFI6VVBeAFUBRjwVUEFaOk5YVRZtFFUEBA==","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":421,"atts":"HhpQEltJGUk=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 14:06:37 Mar 07, 2017 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 01:52:58 Dec 15, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.624 exclusion.robots: 0.033 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.02 esindex: 0.013 cdx.remote: 24.098 LoadShardBlock: 190.087 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 110.764 (4) load_resource: 116.319 PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 34.274 -->