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Till regionen h枚r de flesta 枚ar direkt norr och nordost om Australien. Namnet kommer ursprungligen fr氓n grekiskan och betyder ”de svarta 枚arna”. Det anv盲ndes f枚r f枚rsta g氓ngen 1832 av den franska uppt盲cktsresanden Jules Dumont d’Urville f枚r att markera en grupp av 枚ar etniskt och geografiskt skilda fr氓n Polynesien och Mikronesien.</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/melanesien-karta.png"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840im_/http://www.stillahavet.se/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/melanesien-karta.png" alt="" title="melanesien-karta" width="498" height="498" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-41"/></a></p> <p><strong>Historia</strong><br/> De f枚rsta inv氓narna p氓枚arna som nu kallas f枚r Melanesien var troligtvis f枚rf盲derna till dagens Papua-talande m盲nniskor vilka verkar ha bosatt sig s氓 l氓ngt 枚sterut som de st枚rre av Salomon枚arna. L盲ngs Nya Guineas nordkust och p氓枚arna norr och 枚ster om Nya Guinea s氓 kom austronesiska folk l盲ngre norrifr氓n i kontakt med dessa f枚r omkring 4000 氓r sedan varp氓 sannolikt f枚ljde en l氓ng period av interaktion som resulterade i ett stort antal skilda spr氓k och kulturer. Genomstudier har visat p氓 stora genetiska skillnader mellan melanesiska och polynesiska folkgrupper vilket strider emot tidigare forskningsteorier d盲r man ans氓g att de hade ett gemensamt ursprung i de austronesiska folk som kom fr氓n bland annat Taiwan och andra 枚ar i Sydostasien.</p> <p><strong>Statsskick</strong><br/> Till skillnad fr氓n m氓nga andra omr氓den i Stilla Havet s氓 valde man i Melanesien tidigare sina ledare p氓 grund av personliga egenskaper och 盲mbetet gick inte i arv. L盲nderna i de sydv盲stra delarna av Stilla Havet har idag statsskick som liknar de i Europa som en effekt av koloniseringen och regionens parlament anv盲nder engelska eller franska som spr氓k. P氓 en del 枚ar s氓 har traditionella ledare fortfarande stort socialt inflytande.</p> </div> </div> <div id="comments"> <p class="nocomments">Kommentarer inaktiverade.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="primary" class="widget-area" role="complementary"> <ul class="xoxo"> <li id="search-2" class="widget-container widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" id="searchform" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/"> <div><label class="screen-reader-text" for="s">S枚k efter:</label> <input type="text" value="" name="s" id="s"/> <input type="submit" id="searchsubmit" value="S枚k"/> </div> </form></li><li id="pages-3" class="widget-container widget_pages"><h3 class="widget-title">Sidor</h3> <ul> <li class="page_item page-item-74"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/kontakt/" title="Kontakt">Kontakt</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-40 current_page_item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/melanesien/" title="Melanesien">Melanesien</a> <ul class="children"> <li class="page_item page-item-43"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/melanesien/fiji/" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-50"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/melanesien/vanuatu/" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-54"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/mikronesien/" title="Mikronesien">Mikronesien</a> <ul class="children"> <li class="page_item page-item-62"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/mikronesien/kiribati/" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-67"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/mikronesien/marshalloarna/" title="Marshall枚arna">Marshall枚arna</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-70"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/mikronesien/mikronesiska-federationen/" title="Mikronesiska federationen">Mikronesiska federationen</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-59"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/mikronesien/palau/" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/om/" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-15"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/polynesien/" title="Polynesien">Polynesien</a> <ul class="children"> <li class="page_item page-item-29"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/polynesien/samoa/" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-23"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/polynesien/tonga/" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-33"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/polynesien/tuvalu/" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-8"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/" title="Stilla Havet">Stilla Havet</a></li> </ul> </li><li id="text-3" class="widget-container widget_text"><h3 class="widget-title">Annonser</h3> <div class="textwidget"><script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840js_/http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script></div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div id="colophon"> <div id="site-info"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://www.stillahavet.se/" title="Stillahavet.se" rel="home"> Stillahavet.se </a> </div> <div id="site-generator"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840/http://wordpress.org/" title="Semantisk personlig publiceringsplattform" rel="generator"> Drivs stolt med WordPress. </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840js_/http://www.stillahavet.se/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/jquery.form.js?ver=2.47"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226040840js_/http://www.stillahavet.se/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/scripts.js?ver=2.4.1"></script> </body> </html>