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It is popular in cultivation and frequently planted in hedges or for ground cover. Specific boundaries have often become obscure as a result of selection and hybridization. Hence, <em>Symphoricarpos</em> is a taxonomically difficult genus and most plants are hardly identifiable using traditional flora's. Hoffman (2012) proposed to group all taxa in three informal groups: a 'White Berry Group' (for all taxa related to <em>S. albus</em>), a 'Pink Berry Group' (for all taxa related to <em>S.</em> x<em>doorenbosii</em>) and a 'Groundcover Group' (for all taxa related to <em>S.</em> x<em>chenaultii</em>). Nowadays, complex artificial hybrids with pinkish berries and smaller leaves are more frequently planted than <em>Symphoricarpos albus</em>. These will probably increasingly escape and become naturalized.</p> <p>As a rule, <em>Symphoricarpos</em> is very poorly known in Belgium (except the easily distinguished <em>S. albus</em>) and hardly represented in herbaria. A better understanding of the genus in Belgium surely requires further study.</p> <p>1. Stem and leaves (almost) glabrous. Most leaves more than 40 mm long, those on sterile shoots very often deeply lobed. Fruit pure white, 8-15 mm in diameter === <a href="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/content/symphoricarpos-albus"><strong><em>Symphoricarpos albus </em></strong>var.<strong><em> laevigatus</em></strong></a></p> <p>1. Stem and leaves (lowerside) finely pubescent. Most leaves less than 40 mm long. Fruit at least in part pinkish (never pure white), 6-10 mm in diameter === 2</p> <p>2. Flowers predominantly in pairs in leaf axils (rarely a few in terminal spikes). Fruit unicoloured, purplish red === <a href="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/content/symphoricarpos-orbiculatus"><strong>S. orbiculatus</strong></a></p> <p>2. Flowers predominantly in short terminal spikes (rarely a few in axillary pairs). Fruit always bicoloured, white and pink === 3</p> <p>3. Largest leaves 10-20 mm long, all more or less alike. Fruit pink with white spots or white with pink spots === <strong><em><a href="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/node/3448" target="_self">S. </a></em><a href="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/node/3448" target="_self">x</a><em><a href="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/node/3448" target="_self">chenaultii</a></em></strong></p> <p>3. Largest leaves 20-40 mm long, often very dissimilar on a single plant. Fruit with one side white, the other pink (not spotted) === <strong><em><a href="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/node/3449" target="_self">S. x doorenbosii</a></em></strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <hr /> <h3> Literature</h3> <p><strong>Bell C.D.</strong> (2010) Towards a species level phylogeny of Symphoricarpos (Caprifoliaceae), based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA. <em>Syst. Bot.</em> <strong>35(2)</strong>: 442-450.</p> <p><strong>Cullen J.</strong> (2000) Symphoricarpos. In: Cullen J. & al. (eds.), The European Garden Flora, vol. 6. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 429-430.</p> <p><strong>Hoffman M.H.A.</strong> (2012) Symphoricarpos – sortimentsonderzoek en keuringsrapport. <em>Dendroflora</em> <strong>49</strong>: 66-101.</p> <p><strong>Jones G.N.</strong> (1940) A monograph of the genus Symphoricarpos. <em>J. Arnold Arbor.</em> <strong>21</strong>: 201-252.</p> <p><strong>Roloff A. & Bärtels A.</strong> (2006) Flora der Gehölze (2e Auflage). Ulmer, Stuttgart: 844 p.</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-taxonomic-name field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Taxonomic name: </div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/species-list/symphoricarpos">Symphoricarpos (Species List)</a></div></div></div> </div> <footer class="submitted"><span property="dc:date dc:created" content="2010-09-02T15:37:12+02:00" datatype="xsd:dateTime">Thu, 2010-09-02 15:37</span> -- <span rel="sioc:has_creator"><a href="/users/filip-verloove" title="View user profile." class="username" xml:lang="" about="/users/filip-verloove" typeof="sioc:UserAccount" property="foaf:name" datatype="">Filip Verloove</a></span> <div class="user-picture"> <a href="/users/filip-verloove" title="View user profile."><img width="20px" height="20px" typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/8a1d0dca9261f9f0944c0933874a98a7.jpg?d=https%3A//alienplantsbelgium.myspecies.info/sites/all/modules/contrib/gravatar/avatar.png&s=100&r=G" alt="http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/8a1d0dca9261f9f0944c0933874a98a7.jpg?d=https%3A//alienplantsbelgium.myspecies.info/sites/all/modules/contrib/gravatar/avatar.png&s=100&r=G" /></a> </div> </footer> <div class="clearfix"> <nav class="links node-links clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="comment-add first last active"><a href="/comment/reply/3446#comment-form" title="Share your thoughts and opinions related to this posting." class="active">Add new comment</a></li></ul></nav> </div> </article><noscript> <style>form.antibot { display: none !important; }</style> <div class="antibot-no-js antibot-message antibot-message-warning messages warning"> You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. </div> </noscript> <form class="comment-form antibot" action="/antibot" method="post" id="comment-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-name"> <label for="edit-name">Your name </label> <input type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="30" maxlength="60" class="form-text" /> </div> <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-subject"> <label for="edit-subject">Subject </label> <input type="text" id="edit-subject" name="subject" value="" size="60" maxlength="64" class="form-text" /> </div> <div class="field-type-text-long field-name-comment-body field-widget-text-textarea form-wrapper" id="edit-comment-body"><div id="comment-body-add-more-wrapper"><div class="text-format-wrapper"><div class="form-item form-type-textarea form-item-comment-body-und-0-value"> <label for="edit-comment-body-und-0-value">Comment <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <div class="form-textarea-wrapper resizable"><textarea class="text-full form-textarea required" id="edit-comment-body-und-0-value" name="comment_body[und][0][value]" cols="60" rows="5"></textarea></div> </div> <fieldset class="filter-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-comment-body-und-0-format"><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="filter-help form-wrapper" id="edit-comment-body-und-0-format-help"><p><a href="/filter/tips" target="_blank">More information about text formats</a></p></div><div class="filter-guidelines form-wrapper" id="edit-comment-body-und-0-format-guidelines"></div></div></fieldset> </div> </div></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-FIMTiC31XEVS0d9VGqSO6nl81gRLdp_WTuKNWKZ7Y1g" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="comment_node_page_form" /> <input type="hidden" name="antibot_key" value="" /> <div class="edit-feed-me-wrapper"><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-feed-me"> <label for="edit-feed-me">feed me </label> <input type="text" id="edit-feed-me" name="feed_me" value="" size="20" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> <div class="description">To prevent automated spam submissions leave this field empty.</div> </div> </div><fieldset class="captcha form-wrapper"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">CAPTCHA</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="fieldset-description">This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.</div><input type="hidden" name="captcha_sid" value="2052629" /> <input type="hidden" name="captcha_token" value="706ac287c2368da22b8a50c82054603d" /> <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="/image_captcha?sid=2052629&amp;ts=1740597169" width="252" height="60" alt="Image CAPTCHA" title="Image CAPTCHA" /><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-captcha-response"> <label for="edit-captcha-response">What code is in the image? 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