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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arieh Warshel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 51 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84" title="أريه وارشيل – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أريه وارشيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%84" title="آریه وارشل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آریه وارشل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ары Варшэль – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ары Варшэль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ари Варшел – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ари Варшел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="আরিয়ে ওয়ারশেল – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আরিয়ে ওয়ারশেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%87_%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BB" title="Άριεχ Ουάρσελ – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άριεχ Ουάρσελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%84" title="آریه وارشل – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آریه وارشل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – Eskoziako gaelikoa" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Eskoziako gaelikoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9C" title="אריה ורשל – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אריה ורשל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="एरिह वॉरशेल – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एरिह वॉरशेल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%B0_%D5%8E%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Արիեհ Վարշել – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արիեհ Վարշել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB" title="アリー・ウォーシェル – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アリー・ウォーシェル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90_%EC%99%80%EB%A5%B4%EC%85%B8" title="아리에 와르셸 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아리에 와르셸" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BD" title="അരിയ വാർഷൽ – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അരിയ വാർഷൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%84" title="آریه وارشل – mazandarandera" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آریه وارشل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%84" title="اری وارشل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اری وارشل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Варшель, Арье – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Варшель, Арье" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="ஏரியே வார்செல் – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஏரியே வார்செல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Арье Варшел – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Арье Варшел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%27%D1%94_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ар'є Варшель – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ар'є Варшель" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%84" title="اریا وارشل – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اریا وارشل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9C" title="אריה ווארשל – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אריה ווארשל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel – jorubera" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Arieh Warshel" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E8%80%B6%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E8%88%8D%E5%B0%94" title="阿里耶·瓦舍尔 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿里耶·瓦舍尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4790366#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="hd" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: lightsteelblue">Arieh Warshel</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:AW_TW_PS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AW_TW_PS.jpg/260px-AW_TW_PS.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AW_TW_PS.jpg/390px-AW_TW_PS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AW_TW_PS.jpg/520px-AW_TW_PS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2761" data-file-height="3403" /></a></span><br /><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arieh_Warshel" title="c:Category:Arieh Warshel"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/10px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arieh_Warshel" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Arieh Warshel">Irudi gehiago</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Bizitza</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jaiotza</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sde_Nahum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sde Nahum (sortu gabe)">Sde Nahum</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916809?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Azaroaren_20" title="Azaroaren 20">azaroaren 20a</a> (83 urte)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Herrialdea</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> <br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">Ameriketako Estatu Batuak</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Hezkuntza</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Heziketa</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q333705" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q333705">Technion - Israelgo Teknologia Institutua</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4182" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4182">Weizmann Zientzia Institutua</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Hezkuntza-maila</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Doktoretza" class="mw-redirect" title="Doktoretza">Doktoretza</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Tesi zuzendaria</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shneior_Lifson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shneior Lifson (sortu gabe)">Shneior Lifson</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7046928?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Martin Karplus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Hizkuntzak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hebreera" title="Hebreera">hebreera</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ingeles" title="Ingeles">ingelesa</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Jarduerak</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jarduerak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Biokimikari" class="mw-redirect" title="Biokimikari">biokimikaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unibertsitateko_irakasle" class="mw-redirect" title="Unibertsitateko irakasle">unibertsitateko irakaslea</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biofisikari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biofisikari (sortu gabe)">biofisikaria</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Kimikari" title="Kimikari">kimikaria</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lantokia(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weizmann_Zientzia_Institutua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weizmann Zientzia Institutua (sortu gabe)">Weizmann Zientzia Institutua</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Enplegatzailea(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hegoaldeko_Kaliforniako_Unibertsitatea" title="Hegoaldeko Kaliforniako Unibertsitatea">Hegoaldeko Kaliforniako Unibertsitatea</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4182" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4182">Weizmann Zientzia Institutua</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jasotako sariak</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Kimikako_Nobel_Saria" title="Kimikako Nobel Saria">Kimikako Nobel Saria</a> <small> (2013)</small> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolman_Award&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tolman Award (sortu gabe)">Tolman Award</a> <small> (2003)</small> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (sortu gabe)">Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Honorary_doctor_of_the_University_of_Troms%C3%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Honorary doctor of the University of Tromsø (sortu gabe)">honorary doctor of the University of Tromsø</a> <small> (2018)</small> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fellow_of_the_American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (sortu gabe)">Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science</a> <small> (2012)</small> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Honorary_doctorate_of_the_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_University_of_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Honorary doctorate of the Łódź University of Technology (sortu gabe)">honorary doctorate of the Łódź University of Technology</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015eko</a> <a href="/wiki/Maiatzaren_22" title="Maiatzaren 22">maiatzaren 22a</a>)</small> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Kidetza</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuetako_Zientzien_Akademia_Nazionala" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Zientzien Akademia Nazionala">Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Zientzien Akademia Nazionala</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Zientzien_Errusiar_Akademia" title="Zientzien Errusiar Akademia">Zientzien Errusiar Akademia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Zerbitzu militarra</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Gradua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kapitain" title="Kapitain">kapitain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Parte hartutako gatazkak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sei_Eguneko_Gerra" title="Sei Eguneko Gerra">Sei Eguneko Gerra</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippurreko_Gerra" title="Yom Kippurreko Gerra">Yom Kippurreko Gerra</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Arieh Warshel</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebreera" title="Hebreera">hebreeraz</a>: <span lang="he">אריה ורשל‎</span>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sde_Nahum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sde Nahum (sortu gabe)">Sde Nahum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestinako_Britainiar_Mandatua" title="Palestinako Britainiar Mandatua">Palestinako Britainiar Mandatua</a>, <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Azaroaren_20" title="Azaroaren 20">azaroaren 20a</a>) <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israelgo</a> <a href="/wiki/Biokimika" title="Biokimika">biokimikari</a> eta biofisikaria da. <a href="/wiki/Hegoaldeko_Kaliforniako_Unibertsitatea" title="Hegoaldeko Kaliforniako Unibertsitatea">Hegoaldeko Kaliforniako Unibertsitateko</a> irakaslea da. Levittek <a href="/wiki/Kimikako_Nobel_saria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kimikako Nobel saria">Kimikako Nobel saria</a> jaso zuen 2013an, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Martin Karplusekin</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt" title="Michael Levitt">Michael Levittekin</a> batera, "Eskala anitzeko modeloen garapena sistema kimiko konplexuetan" gaiagatik.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20131009_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20131009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arieh_Warshel&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arieh_Warshel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bio-1"><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2013/press.html"><i>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013. </i></a> Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2013ko urriaren 9a <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Urriaren_9" title="Urriaren 9">urriaren 9a</a>)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20131009-2"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20131009_2-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFChang2013ko_urriaren_9a">Chang, Kenneth.  (<a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Urriaren_9" title="Urriaren 9">urriaren 9a</a>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/10/science/three-researchers-win-nobel-prize-in-chemistry.html">«3 Researchers Win Nobel Prize in Chemistry»</a> <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Urriaren_9" title="Urriaren 9">urriaren 9a</a>)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFFersht2013"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_Fersht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan Fersht (sortu gabe)">Fersht, A. R.</a>.  (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3856823">«Profile of Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Arieh Warshel, 2013 nobel laureates in chemistry»</a> <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i> 110 (49): 19656–7.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1320569110">10.1073/pnas.1320569110</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24277833">24277833</a>.</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFHodak2014">Hodak, Hélène.  (2014). «The Nobel Prize in chemistry 2013 for the development of multiscale models of complex chemical systems: A tribute to Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel» <i>Journal of Molecular Biology</i>  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2013.10.037">10.1016/j.jmb.2013.10.037</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24184197">24184197</a>.</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFVan_Noorden2013">Van Noorden, R..  (2013). «Computer modellers secure chemistry Nobels» <i><a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a></i>  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature.2013.13903">10.1038/nature.2013.13903</a></span>.</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFVan_Noorden2013">Van Noorden, Richard.  (2013). «Modellers react to chemistry award: Nobel Prize proves that theorists can measure up to experimenters» <i>Nature</i> 502 (7471): 280.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F502280a">10.1038/502280a</a></span>.</span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arieh_Warshel&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arieh_Warshel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4790366" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q4790366">Q4790366</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arieh_Warshel">Arieh Warshel</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q4790366%22">Q4790366</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/viaf-46832584">WorldCat</a></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/46832584/">46832584</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000081250175">0000000081250175</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12334085r">12334085r</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12334085r">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1044287136">1044287136</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n91000259">n91000259</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ntk20221147553">ntk20221147553</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032280858">032280858</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ORCID" title="ORCID">ORCID</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7971-5401">0000-0001-7971-5401</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" title="BIBSYS">BIBSYS</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90583343">90583343</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arieh-Warshel">url</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4790366" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q4790366">Q4790366</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arieh_Warshel">Arieh Warshel</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q4790366%22">Q4790366</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236165"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kimikako_Nobel_Saridunak" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9235565">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-ikusi"><a href="/wiki/Txantiloi:Kimikako_Nobel_Saridunak" title="Txantiloi:Kimikako Nobel Saridunak"><abbr title="Txantiloi hau ikusi" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">i</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-eztabaida"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Txantiloi_eztabaida:Kimikako_Nobel_Saridunak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Txantiloi eztabaida:Kimikako Nobel Saridunak (sortu gabe)"><abbr title="Txantiloi hau eztabaidatu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-aldatu"><a class="external text" href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Txantiloi:Kimikako_Nobel_Saridunak&action=edit"><abbr title="Txantiloi hau aldatu" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">a</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kimikako_Nobel_Saridunak" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kimikako_Nobel_Saria" title="Kimikako Nobel Saria">Kimikako Nobel Saridunak</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1901</span> <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%27t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Jacobus van 't Hoff</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1902</span> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Emil_Fischer" title="Hermann Emil Fischer">Emil Fischer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1903</span> <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1904</span> <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1905</span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Adolf von Baeyer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1906</span> <a href="/wiki/Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Henri Moissan</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1907</span> <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Eduard Buchner</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1908</span> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1909</span> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Wilhelm Ostwald</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1910</span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Otto Wallach</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1911</span> <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie Curie</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1912</span> <a href="/wiki/Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Victor Grignard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sabatier" title="Paul Sabatier">Paul Sabatier</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1913</span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Werner" title="Alfred Werner">Alfred Werner</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1914</span> <a href="/wiki/Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Theodore Richards</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1915</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Willstätter">Richard Willstätter</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1916</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1917</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1918</span> <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1919</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1920</span> <a href="/wiki/Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Walther Nernst</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1921</span> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Frederick Soddy</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1922</span> <a href="/wiki/Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Francis Aston</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1923</span> <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Fritz Pregl</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1924</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1925</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Adolf_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Adolf Zsigmondy">Richard Zsigmondy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1926</span> <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Svedberg" title="Theodor Svedberg">Theodor Svedberg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1927</span> <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Otto_Wieland" title="Heinrich Otto Wieland">Heinrich Wieland</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1928</span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Windaus" title="Adolf Windaus">Adolf Windaus</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1929</span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Harden" title="Arthur Harden">Arthur Harden</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans von Euler-Chelpin">Hans von Euler-Chelpin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1930</span> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Fischer" title="Hans Fischer">Hans Fischer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1931</span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bosch" title="Carl Bosch">Carl Bosch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bergius" title="Friedrich Bergius">Friedrich Bergius</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1932</span> <a href="/wiki/Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Irving Langmuir</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1933</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1934</span> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Urey" title="Harold Urey">Harold Urey</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1935</span> <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">Frédéric Joliot-Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">Irène Joliot-Curie</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1936</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Peter Debye</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1937</span> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Haworth" title="Norman Haworth">Norman Haworth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Karrer" title="Paul Karrer">Paul Karrer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1938</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Richard Kuhn</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1939</span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Adolf Butenandt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Ru%C5%BEi%C4%8Dka" title="Leopold Ružička">Leopold Ružička</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1940</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1941</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1942</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1943</span> <a href="/wiki/George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">George de Hevesy</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1944</span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1945</span> <a href="/wiki/Artturi_Ilmari_Virtanen" title="Artturi Ilmari Virtanen">Artturi Virtanen</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1946</span> <a href="/wiki/James_B._Sumner" title="James B. Sumner">James B. Sumner</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Northrop" title="John Howard Northrop">John Northrop</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Meredith_Stanley" title="Wendell Meredith Stanley">Wendell Meredith Stanley</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1947</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Robinson" title="Robert Robinson">Robert Robinson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1948</span> <a href="/wiki/Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Arne Tiselius</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1949</span> <a href="/wiki/William_Giauque" title="William Giauque">William Giauque</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1950</span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Diels" title="Otto Diels">Otto Diels</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Kurt Alder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1951</span> <a href="/wiki/Edwin_McMillan" title="Edwin McMillan">Edwin McMillan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Glenn_T._Seaborg" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Glenn T. Seaborg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1952</span> <a href="/wiki/Archer_Martin" title="Archer Martin">Archer Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Laurence_Millington_Synge" title="Richard Laurence Millington Synge">Richard Synge</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1953</span> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Staudinger" title="Hermann Staudinger">Hermann Staudinger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1954</span> <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1955</span> <a href="/wiki/Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">Vincent du Vigneaud</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1956</span> <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Norman_Hinshelwood" title="Cyril Norman Hinshelwood">Cyril Hinshelwood</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Semionov" title="Nikolai Semionov">Nikolai Semionov</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1957</span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd">Alexander Todd</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1958</span> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1959</span> <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Jaroslav Heyrovský</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1960</span> <a href="/wiki/Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1961</span> <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1962</span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Perutz" title="Max Perutz">Max Perutz</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Kendrew" title="John Kendrew">John Kendrew</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1963</span> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Karl Ziegler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Giulio Natta</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1964</span> <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin" title="Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin">Dorothy Hodgkin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1965</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1966</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Mulliken" title="Robert S. Mulliken">Robert S. Mulliken</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1967</span> <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Manfred Eigen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ronald_George_Wreyford_Norrish" title="Ronald George Wreyford Norrish">Ronald Norrish</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Porter" title="George Porter">George Porter</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1968</span> <a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Lars Onsager</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1969</span> <a href="/wiki/Derek_Barton" title="Derek Barton">Derek Barton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Odd_Hassel" title="Odd Hassel">Odd Hassel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1970</span> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Federico_Leloir" title="Luis Federico Leloir">Luis Federico Leloir</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1971</span> <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Gerhard Herzberg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1972</span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_B._Anfinsen" title="Christian B. Anfinsen">Christian B. Anfinsen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Stanford Moore</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Stein" title="William Howard Stein">William Stein</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1973</span> <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Otto_Fischer" title="Ernst Otto Fischer">Ernst Otto Fischer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Wilkinson" title="Geoffrey Wilkinson">Geoffrey Wilkinson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1974</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Paul Flory</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1975</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Cornforth" title="John Cornforth">John Cornforth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Prelog" title="Vladimir Prelog">Vladimir Prelog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1976</span> <a href="/wiki/William_Lipscomb" title="William Lipscomb">William Lipscomb</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1977</span> <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Ilya Prigogine</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1978</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Mitchell" title="Peter D. Mitchell">Peter D. Mitchell</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1979</span> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_C._Brown" title="Herbert C. Brown">Herbert C. Brown</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wittig" title="Georg Wittig">Georg Wittig</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1980</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Berg" title="Paul Berg">Paul Berg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1981</span> <a href="/wiki/Kenichi_Fukui" title="Kenichi Fukui">Kenichi Fukui</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Roald Hoffmann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1982</span> <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Aaron Klug</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1983</span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Henry Taube</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1984</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_Merrifield" title="Robert Bruce Merrifield">Robert Merrifield</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1985</span> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Hauptman" title="Herbert A. Hauptman">Herbert A. Hauptman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle">Jerome Karle</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1986</span> <a href="/wiki/Dudley_R._Herschbach" title="Dudley R. Herschbach">Dudley R. Herschbach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Yuan T. Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Polanyi" title="John Polanyi">John Polanyi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1987</span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Cram" title="Donald J. Cram">Donald J. Cram</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Lehn" title="Jean-Marie Lehn">Jean-Marie Lehn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Pedersen" title="Charles J. Pedersen">Charles J. Pedersen</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1988</span> <a href="/wiki/Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Johann Deisenhofer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Robert Huber</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Hartmut Michel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1989</span> <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Sidney Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech">Thomas Cech</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1990</span> <a href="/wiki/Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias Corey</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1991</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Richard R. Ernst</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1992</span> <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Marcus" title="Rudolph Marcus">Rudolph Marcus</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1993</span> <a href="/wiki/Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Kary Mullis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Smith_(kimikaria)" title="Michael Smith (kimikaria)">Michael Smith</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1994</span> <a href="/wiki/George_A._Olah" title="George A. Olah">George Olah</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1995</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Paul J. Crutzen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mario_Molina" title="Mario Molina">Mario Molina</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sherwood_Rowland" title="Frank Sherwood Rowland">Frank Rowland</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1996</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Curl" title="Robert Curl">Robert Curl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Kroto" title="Harold Kroto">Harold Kroto</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Smalley" title="Richard Smalley">Richard Smalley</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1997</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_D._Boyer" title="Paul D. Boyer">Paul D. Boyer</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_E._Walker" title="John E. Walker">John E. Walker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jens_Christian_Skou" title="Jens Christian Skou">Jens Christian Skou</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1998</span> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Walter Kohn</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_A._Pople" title="John A. Pople">John Pople</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1999</span> <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Zewail" title="Ahmed Zewail">Ahmed Zewail</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2000</span> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Heeger" title="Alan Heeger">Alan Heeger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_MacDiarmid" title="Alan MacDiarmid">Alan MacDiarmid</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Hideki Shirakawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–egun</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">2001</span> <a href="/wiki/William_Standish_Knowles" title="William Standish Knowles">William Knowles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori" title="Ryōji Noyori">Ryoji Noyori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Karl Barry Sharpless</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2002</span> <a href="/wiki/John_B._Fenn" title="John B. Fenn">John B. Fenn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Koichi_Tanaka" title="Koichi Tanaka">Koichi Tanaka</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Kurt Wüthrich</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2003</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Agre" title="Peter Agre">Peter Agre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2004</span> <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a> / <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Rose" title="Irwin Rose">Irwin Rose</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2005</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Grubbs" title="Robert H. Grubbs">Robert H. Grubbs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Schrock" title="Richard R. Schrock">Richard R. Schrock</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Yves Chauvin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2006</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_D._Kornberg" title="Roger D. Kornberg">Roger D. Kornberg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2007</span> <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2008</span> <a href="/wiki/Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Osamu Shimomura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Martin Chalfie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Y._Tsien" title="Roger Y. Tsien">Roger Y. Tsien</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2009</span> <a href="/wiki/Venkatraman_Ramakrishnan" title="Venkatraman Ramakrishnan">Venkatraman Ramakrishnan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Steitz" title="Thomas A. Steitz">Thomas A. Steitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada E. Yonath</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2010</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Heck" title="Richard Heck">Richard Heck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Akira Suzuki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Ei-ichi Negishi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2011</span> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Shechtman" title="Daniel Shechtman">Daniel Shechtman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2012</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Robert Lefkowitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Brian Kobilka</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2013</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Martin Karplus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt" title="Michael Levitt">Michael Levitt</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arieh Warshel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2014</span> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Betzig" title="Eric Betzig">Eric Betzig</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan Hell</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_E._Moerner" title="William E. Moerner">William E. Moerner</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2015</span> <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Modrich" title="Paul Modrich">Paul Modrich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Sancar" title="Aziz Sancar">Aziz Sancar</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2016</span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Sauvage" title="Jean-Pierre Sauvage">Jean-Pierre Sauvage</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Stoddart" title="Fraser Stoddart">Fraser Stoddart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Feringa" title="Ben Feringa">Ben Feringa</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2017</span> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dubochet" title="Jacques Dubochet">Jacques Dubochet</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Frank" title="Joachim Frank">Joachim Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henderson" title="Richard Henderson">Richard Henderson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2018</span> <a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Gregory Winter</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith">George P. Smith</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2019</span> <a href="/wiki/John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a> / <a href="/wiki/M._Stanley_Whittingham" title="M. Stanley Whittingham">M. Stanley Whittingham</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2020</span> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuelle_Charpentier" title="Emmanuelle Charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2021</span> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_List" title="Benjamin List">Benjamin List</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_MacMillan" title="David MacMillan">David MacMillan</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2022</span> <a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Bertozzi" title="Carolyn Bertozzi">Carolyn Bertozzi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morten_P._Meldal" title="Morten P. Meldal">Morten P. Meldal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Karl Barry Sharpless</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2023</span> <a href="/wiki/Moungi_Bawendi" title="Moungi Bawendi">Moungi Bawendi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_E._Brus" title="Louis E. Brus">Louis E. Brus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Jekimov" title="Aleksei Jekimov">Aleksei Jekimov</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2024</span> <a href="/wiki/David_Baker" title="David Baker">David Baker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Jumper" title="John Jumper">John Jumper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ErrefAurrebista\" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. 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