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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_country"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>By country</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_country-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_international_disciplines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_international_disciplines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Modern international disciplines</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_international_disciplines-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern international disciplines subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_international_disciplines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Greco-Roman_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greco-Roman_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Greco-Roman wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greco-Roman_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freestyle_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freestyle_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Freestyle wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freestyle_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Submission_Wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Submission_Wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Submission Wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Submission_Wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amateur_pankration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amateur_pankration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Amateur pankration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amateur_pankration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belt_wrestling_alysh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belt_wrestling_alysh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Belt wrestling alysh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belt_wrestling_alysh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pahlavani_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pahlavani_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Pahlavani wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pahlavani_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beach_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beach_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Beach wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beach_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folk_styles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folk_styles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Folk styles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Folk_styles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Folk styles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Folk_styles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oil_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oil_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Oil wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oil_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_collegiate_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_collegiate_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>American collegiate wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_collegiate_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Professional wrestling</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Professional_wrestling-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Professional wrestling subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Professional_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sports_entertainment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_entertainment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sports entertainment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_entertainment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British/European_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British/European_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>British/European wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British/European_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Puroresu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Puroresu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Puroresu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Puroresu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lucha_libre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lucha_libre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Lucha libre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lucha_libre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Circus_wrestling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circus_wrestling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Circus wrestling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circus_wrestling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Judo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sambo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sambo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sambo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sambo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mixed_martial_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mixed_martial_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Mixed martial arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mixed_martial_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wrestling</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 104 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulat" title="Gulat – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Gulat" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoei" title="Stoei – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stoei" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="مصارعة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مصارعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Ըմբշամարտ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ըմբշամարտ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCl%C9%99%C5%9F" title="Güləş – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Güləş" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="কুস্তি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কুস্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udar" title="Udar – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Udar" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sio-i%C3%A1n" title="Sio-ián – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sio-ián" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Барацьба – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Барацьба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Барацьба – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Барацьба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Борба – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Борба" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringa" title="Ringa – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ringa" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A6%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82" title="སྦེ་ག – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྦེ་ག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrvanje" title="Hrvanje – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hrvanje" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gouren" title="Gouren – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gouren" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lluita" title="Lluita – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lluita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%C4%95%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D3%B3" title="Кĕрешӳ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кĕрешӳ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1pas" title="Zápas – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zápas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutsimba" title="Mutsimba – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mutsimba" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brydning" title="Brydning – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brydning" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringen" title="Ringen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ringen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maadlus" title="Maadlus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maadlus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Πάλη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πάλη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucha_(deporte)" title="Lucha (deporte) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lucha (deporte)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luktado" title="Luktado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Luktado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borroka_(kirola)" title="Borroka (kirola) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Borroka (kirola)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C_(%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4)" title="کشتی (ورزش) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کشتی (ورزش)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kusti" title="Kusti – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Kusti" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutte" title="Lutte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lutte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrakseljen" title="Wrakseljen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wrakseljen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iomrasc%C3%A1il" title="Iomrascáil – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iomrascáil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loita" title="Loita – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Loita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%AC%EB%A7%81" title="레슬링 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레슬링" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Ըմբշամարտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ըմբշամարտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="कुश्ती – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कुश्ती" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrvanje" title="Hrvanje – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hrvanje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luktado" title="Luktado – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Luktado" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulat" title="Gulat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gulat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucta" title="Lucta – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lucta" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotta" title="Lotta – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lotta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%AA" title="היאבקות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היאבקות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulat" title="Gulat – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gulat" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕುಸ್ತಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕುಸ್ತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ჭიდაობა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჭიდაობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miereka" title="Miereka – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Miereka" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lit" title="Lit – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lit" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gule%C5%9F" title="Guleş – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Guleş" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%87%D3%80%D1%83%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83" title="ЛачӀун уккаву – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="ЛачӀун уккаву" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaestrica" title="Palaestrica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Palaestrica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%AB%C5%86as_sports" title="Cīņas sports – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cīņas sports" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9ngen" title="Réngen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Réngen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Юкьварар – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Юкьварар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imtyn%C4%97s" title="Imtynės – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Imtynės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birk%C3%B3z%C3%A1s" title="Birkózás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Birkózás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="कुस्ती – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कुस्ती" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Борење – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Борење" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="ഗുസ്തി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗുസ്തി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="कुस्ती – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कुस्ती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="کاشتی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کاشتی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gusti" title="Gusti – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gusti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D1%85" title="Бөх – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бөх" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worstelen" title="Worstelen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Worstelen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="レスリング – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レスリング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryting" title="Bryting – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bryting" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryting" title="Bryting – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bryting" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucha" title="Lucha – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lucha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80" title="ਕੁਸ਼ਤੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਸ਼ਤੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapasy" title="Zapasy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zapasy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luta" title="Luta – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Luta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BAres" title="Gúres – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gúres" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupte" title="Lupte – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lupte" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Борьба – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Борьба" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83" title="Тустуу – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тустуу" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="मल्लक्रीडा – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मल्लक्रीडा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warstlin" title="Warstlin – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Warstlin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mundja" title="Mundja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mundja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%80_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BB" title="මල්ලව පොර – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මල්ලව පොර" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wrestling" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1pasenie_(%C5%A1port)" title="Zápasenie (šport) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zápasenie (šport)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rokoborba" title="Rokoborba – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rokoborba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="زۆرانبازی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زۆرانبازی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Рвање – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рвање" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrvanje" title="Hrvanje – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hrvanje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paini" title="Paini – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brottning" title="Brottning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brottning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Wrestling (disambiguation)">Wrestling (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Wrestler" and "Wrestlers" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/The_Wrestler_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="The Wrestler (disambiguation)">The Wrestler</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Wrestling</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics,_Gazyumov_vs_Andriitsev_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics%2C_Gazyumov_vs_Andriitsev_6.jpg/300px-Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics%2C_Gazyumov_vs_Andriitsev_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics%2C_Gazyumov_vs_Andriitsev_6.jpg/450px-Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics%2C_Gazyumov_vs_Andriitsev_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics%2C_Gazyumov_vs_Andriitsev_6.jpg/600px-Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics%2C_Gazyumov_vs_Andriitsev_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="974" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the 2016 Summer Olympics">Wrestling at the 2016 Summer Olympics</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Focus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Olympic sport</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">Freestyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wrestling</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Martial_arts" title="Martial arts">martial art</a> and <a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">combat sport</a> that involves <a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">grappling</a> with an opponent and striving to obtain a position of advantage through different throws or techniques, within a given ruleset. Wrestling involves different grappling-type techniques, such as <a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">clinch fighting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Throw_(grappling)" title="Throw (grappling)">throws</a> and <a href="/wiki/Takedown_(grappling)" title="Takedown (grappling)">takedowns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_lock" title="Joint lock">joint locks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold#Pinning_hold" title="Grappling hold">pins</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold" title="Grappling hold">grappling holds</a>. Many different wrestling techniques have been incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Martial_arts" title="Martial arts">martial arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">combat sports</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Military_education_and_training" title="Military education and training">military systems</a>. </p><p>Wrestling comes in different competitive forms, the most popular being <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">professional wrestling</a>, which is a form of athletic theatre. Others include <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">judo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">sambo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Folkstyle_wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkstyle wrestling">folkstyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">shoot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luta_Livre" title="Luta Livre">luta livre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Submission_wrestling" title="Submission wrestling">submission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">sumo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pehlwani" title="Pehlwani">pehlwani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">shuai jiao</a>, and more.<sup id="cite_ref-Different_types_of_wrestling_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Different_types_of_wrestling-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wrestling first appeared in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">ancient Olympic Games</a> as an event during the 18th Olympiad in 708 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are a wide range of styles with varying rules, with both traditional historic and modern styles. The term "wrestling" in <a href="/wiki/Modern_English" title="Modern English">Modern English</a> originated from the late <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> term <i>wræstlunge</i> .<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_wrestling" title="History of wrestling">History of wrestling</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_professional_wrestling" title="History of professional wrestling">History of professional wrestling</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_physical_training_and_fitness" title="History of physical training and fitness">History of physical training and fitness</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beni_Hassan_tomb_15_wrestling_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Beni_Hassan_tomb_15_wrestling_detail.jpg/220px-Beni_Hassan_tomb_15_wrestling_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Beni_Hassan_tomb_15_wrestling_detail.jpg/330px-Beni_Hassan_tomb_15_wrestling_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Beni_Hassan_tomb_15_wrestling_detail.jpg/440px-Beni_Hassan_tomb_15_wrestling_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1010" data-file-height="229" /></a><figcaption>Detail of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Egyptian">Ancient Egyptian</a> wrestling scenes in tomb 15 (<a href="/wiki/Baqet_III" title="Baqet III">Baqet III</a>) at <a href="/wiki/Beni_Hasan" title="Beni Hasan">Beni Hasan</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 20th century BC</span></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_relief_of_pentathlon_500_bC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Greek_relief_of_pentathlon_500_bC.jpg/220px-Greek_relief_of_pentathlon_500_bC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Greek_relief_of_pentathlon_500_bC.jpg/330px-Greek_relief_of_pentathlon_500_bC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Greek_relief_of_pentathlon_500_bC.jpg/440px-Greek_relief_of_pentathlon_500_bC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2616" data-file-height="1035" /></a><figcaption>Wrestlers shown in the center on an <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greek</a> relief of the <a href="/wiki/Pentathlon" title="Pentathlon">pentathlon</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 500 BC</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Wrestling represents one of the oldest forms of combat sport. The origins of wrestling go back around 15,000 to 17,000 years ago through cave drawings in France.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">Babylonian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egyptian</a> reliefs show wrestlers using various holds known in the present-day sport. Literary references to wrestling occur as early as the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> and the ancient Indian <a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers. (April 2021)">specify</span></a></i>]</sup>. In the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Book of Genesis</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Patriarchs_(Bible)" title="Patriarchs (Bible)">Patriarch</a> <a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a> is said to have wrestled with God or an angel.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a>, in which Homer recounts the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a> of the 13th or 12th century BC, also contains mentions of wrestling.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indian epics <a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a> contain references to martial arts including wrestling. The <a href="/wiki/Yellow_Emperor" title="Yellow Emperor">Yellow Emperor</a> fought the rebel <a href="/wiki/Chiyou" title="Chiyou">Chi You</a> using <a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">Shuai Jiao</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zhuolu" title="Battle of Zhuolu">Battle of Zhoulu</a>. This early style of combat was first called <i>jiao di</i> (butting with horns). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a> wrestling occupied a prominent place in legend, literature, and philosophy. Wrestling competition, brutal in many aspects, served as the focal sport of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">ancient Olympic Games</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Romans" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Romans">Ancient Romans</a> borrowed heavily from Greek wrestling, but eliminated much of its brutality through implementing different rules. Wrestling is referenced throughout both Ancient Greek and Roman literature. Many philosophers and leaders practiced wrestling and/or referenced the sport frequently in their works, most notably <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xenophon" title="Xenophon">Xenophon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epictetus" title="Epictetus">Epictetus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dicaearchus" title="Dicaearchus">Dicaearchus</a> wrote that Plato wrestled at the <a href="/wiki/Isthmian_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Isthmian games">Isthmian games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LaV_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LaV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of Plato's dialogues are set in <a href="/wiki/Palaestra" title="Palaestra">wrestling schools</a>. <a href="/wiki/Greek_lyric" title="Greek lyric">Ancient Greek lyric poet</a> <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a> wrote victory odes, grouped into four books named after the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isthmian_Games" title="Isthmian Games">Isthmian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nemean_Games" title="Nemean Games">Nemean Games</a> – Panhellenic festivals held respectively at <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinth</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nemea" title="Nemea">Nemea</a>. These odes were composed to honor the men and youths who had enjoyed victories in wrestling, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_boxing" title="Ancient Greek boxing">boxing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">pankration</a> and other athletic contests. </p><p>During the Middle Ages from the <a href="/wiki/5th_century" title="5th century">fifth</a> to <a href="/wiki/15th_century" title="15th century">fifteenth century</a>, wrestling remained popular and enjoyed the patronage of many royal families, including those of <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>. </p><p>Early <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">British</a> settlers in <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">America</a> brought a strong wrestling tradition with them. The settlers also found wrestling to be popular among <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amateur wrestling flourished throughout the early years of the North American colonies and would later serve as a popular activity at country fairs, holiday celebrations, and in military exercises. The first organized national wrestling tournament in the United States took place in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> in 1888. </p><p>Wrestling has also been an event at every modern <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a> since the <a href="/wiki/1904_Olympic_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="1904 Olympic Games">1904 games</a> in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a>; <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_1896_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics">Greco-Roman wrestling</a> was contested at the <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_1896_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the 1896 Summer Olympics">first modern Olympics in 1896</a>, but not at the <a href="/wiki/1900_Summer_Olympics" title="1900 Summer Olympics">1900 games</a>. The international governing body for the sport, <a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">United World Wrestling</a> (UWW), was established in 1912 in <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, Belgium as the International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles (FILA). The first annual <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Wrestling_Championships" title="NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships">NCAA Wrestling Championships</a> were held in 1928 in <a href="/wiki/Ames,_Iowa" title="Ames, Iowa">Ames, Iowa</a>. <a href="/wiki/USA_Wrestling" title="USA Wrestling">USA Wrestling</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a>, was established as the national governing body of U.S. amateur wrestling in 1983. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_country">By country</h3></div> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a>, wrestling has been evidenced by documentation on tombs (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2300 BC</span>) and Egyptian artwork (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2000</span>–1085 BC).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_wrestling" title="Greek wrestling">Greek wrestling</a> was a popular form of <a href="/wiki/Martial_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial art">martial art</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1100</span> to 146 BC).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_wrestling" title="Oil wrestling">Oil wrestling</a> is the national sport of <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> and can be traced back to <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>.</li> <li>After the Roman conquest of the Greeks, <a href="/wiki/Greek_wrestling" title="Greek wrestling">Greek wrestling</a> was absorbed by the Roman culture and became <a href="/wiki/Roman_wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman wrestling">Roman wrestling</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">Shuai jiao</a>, a wrestling style originating in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, which according to legend, has a reported history of over 4,000 years.</li> <li>Arabic literature depicted <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> as a skilled wrestler, defeating a skeptic in a match at one point.</li> <li>The Byzantine emperor <a href="/wiki/Basil_I" title="Basil I">Basil I</a>, according to court historians, won in wrestling against a boastful wrestler from <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> in the eighth century.<sup id="cite_ref-1193Poliakoff_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1193Poliakoff-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 1520 at the <a href="/wiki/Field_of_the_Cloth_of_Gold" title="Field of the Cloth of Gold">Field of the Cloth of Gold</a> pageant, <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a> threw fellow king <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII of England</a> in a wrestling match.<sup id="cite_ref-1193Poliakoff_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1193Poliakoff-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a> style of <a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">folk wrestling</a> may have formed the basis for <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">Catch wrestling</a>, also known as "catch as catch can." The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">Scots</a> later formed a variant of this style, and the <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Irish</a> developed the "collar-and-elbow" style which later found its way into the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1190Poliakoff_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1190Poliakoff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This various styles would form what would become <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_wrestling" title="Collegiate wrestling">folkstyle wrestling</a>, which is the most popular form of wrestling in the United States.</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">Frenchman</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "is generally credited with reorganizing European loose wrestling into a professional sport", <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This style which was finalized by the 19th century and by then, wrestling was featured in many <a href="/wiki/Fair" title="Fair">fairs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Festival" title="Festival">festivals</a> in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greco-Roman wrestling and contemporary freestyle wrestling were soon regulated in formal competitions, in part resulting from the rise of <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">gymnasiums</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sports_club" title="Sports club">athletic clubs</a>.</li> <li>Starting in continental <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, prize money was offered in large sums to the winners of Greco-Roman tournaments, with the style of <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle wrestling</a> spreading rapidly in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and in the United States during the late 1800s. Wrestling professionals soon increased the popularity of Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling, worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-1190Poliakoff_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1190Poliakoff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greco-Roman wrestling was contested at the first modern Olympics in 1896. Freestyle wrestling became an Olympic event in 1904 and women's freestyle wrestling was added to the Olympics in 2004.</li> <li>Celtic wrestling has an extensive history, with wrestling being mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Tailteann_Games_(ancient)" title="Tailteann Games (ancient)">Tailteann Games</a> dating back from somewhere between 1839 BC to 632 BC (academics disagree) to the 12th century AD when the Normans invaded. Various styles such as <a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gouren" title="Gouren">Gouren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Collar-and-elbow" title="Collar-and-elbow">Collar-and-elbow wrestling</a>, etc. are likely to have evolved from some common style.</li> <li>Since 1921, <a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">United World Wrestling (UWW)</a> has regulated <a href="/wiki/Amateur_wrestling" title="Amateur wrestling">amateur wrestling</a> as an athletic discipline, while <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">professional wrestling</a>, originally a legitimate sport, gradually became infused with theatrics but still requires athletic ability. Today, various countries around the world send national wrestling teams to the Olympics.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> the local derivate of the <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">German</a> <a href="/wiki/Ringen" title="Ringen">ringen</a>, called <a href="/wiki/Schwingen" title="Schwingen">schwingen</a>, is a popular folk sport with local <i>Schwingfest</i> where regional competitions are played throughout the country.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mythology">Mythology</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_mythology" title="Wrestling mythology">Wrestling mythology</a></div> <p>Some of the earliest references to wrestling can be found in <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_mythology" title="Wrestling mythology">wrestling mythology</a>. </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Epic_of_Gilgamesh" title="Epic of Gilgamesh">Epic of Gilgamesh</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gilgamesh" title="Gilgamesh">Gilgamesh</a> established his credibility as a leader, after wrestling <a href="/wiki/Enkidu" title="Enkidu">Enkidu</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a> celebrates the rise of <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> as ruler of the earth after a wrestling match with his father, <a href="/wiki/Cronus" title="Cronus">Cronus</a>. Both <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus">Theseus</a> were famous for their wrestling against man and beast.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a> describes a <a href="/wiki/Malla-yuddha" title="Malla-yuddha">malla-dwandwa</a> (wrestling match) between the accomplished wrestlers <a href="/wiki/Bhima" title="Bhima">Bhima</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jarasandha" title="Jarasandha">Jarasandha</a>.</li> <li>Rustam of the <a href="/wiki/Shahnameh" title="Shahnameh">Shahnameh</a> (Book Of Kings) is regarded by Iranian <a href="/wiki/Varzesh-e_bastani" class="mw-redirect" title="Varzesh-e bastani">pahlevans</a> as the greatest wrestler.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gallery">Gallery</h3></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Historical wrestling in art and photography</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statuette_Karaj%C3%A0_MHNT.ETH.2011.17.41.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statuette Karajà, wrestlers"><img alt="Statuette Karajà, wrestlers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Statuette_Karaj%C3%A0_MHNT.ETH.2011.17.41.jpg/170px-Statuette_Karaj%C3%A0_MHNT.ETH.2011.17.41.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Statuette_Karaj%C3%A0_MHNT.ETH.2011.17.41.jpg/255px-Statuette_Karaj%C3%A0_MHNT.ETH.2011.17.41.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Statuette_Karaj%C3%A0_MHNT.ETH.2011.17.41.jpg/340px-Statuette_Karaj%C3%A0_MHNT.ETH.2011.17.41.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5102" data-file-height="3402" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statuette Karajà, wrestlers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:024.Jacob_Wrestles_with_the_Angel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jacob Wrestling with the Angel illustration by Gustave Doré, 1855"><img alt="Jacob Wrestling with the Angel illustration by Gustave Doré, 1855" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/024.Jacob_Wrestles_with_the_Angel.jpg/138px-024.Jacob_Wrestles_with_the_Angel.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/024.Jacob_Wrestles_with_the_Angel.jpg/207px-024.Jacob_Wrestles_with_the_Angel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/024.Jacob_Wrestles_with_the_Angel.jpg/276px-024.Jacob_Wrestles_with_the_Angel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1559" data-file-height="1918" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Wrestling with the Angel">Jacob Wrestling with the Angel</a> illustration by <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9" title="Gustave Doré">Gustave Doré</a>, 1855</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cornell_University._Intercollegiate_Wrestling_Meet_in_New_York_State_Drill_Hall._Ithaca,_N.Y,_(March,_1923).tif" class="mw-file-description" title="Cornell wrestling meet in New York State Drill Hall, 1923"><img alt="Cornell wrestling meet in New York State Drill Hall, 1923" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cornell_University._Intercollegiate_Wrestling_Meet_in_New_York_State_Drill_Hall._Ithaca%2C_N.Y%2C_%28March%2C_1923%29.tif/lossy-page1-170px-Cornell_University._Intercollegiate_Wrestling_Meet_in_New_York_State_Drill_Hall._Ithaca%2C_N.Y%2C_%28March%2C_1923%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cornell_University._Intercollegiate_Wrestling_Meet_in_New_York_State_Drill_Hall._Ithaca%2C_N.Y%2C_%28March%2C_1923%29.tif/lossy-page1-255px-Cornell_University._Intercollegiate_Wrestling_Meet_in_New_York_State_Drill_Hall._Ithaca%2C_N.Y%2C_%28March%2C_1923%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cornell_University._Intercollegiate_Wrestling_Meet_in_New_York_State_Drill_Hall._Ithaca%2C_N.Y%2C_%28March%2C_1923%29.tif/lossy-page1-340px-Cornell_University._Intercollegiate_Wrestling_Meet_in_New_York_State_Drill_Hall._Ithaca%2C_N.Y%2C_%28March%2C_1923%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2046" data-file-height="1482" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Big_Red_wrestling" title="Cornell Big Red wrestling">Cornell wrestling</a> meet in New York State Drill Hall, 1923</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_135-BB-149-05,_Tibetexpedition,_Ringen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tibetan wrestlers, 1938"><img alt="Tibetan wrestlers, 1938" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_135-BB-149-05%2C_Tibetexpedition%2C_Ringen.jpg/170px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_135-BB-149-05%2C_Tibetexpedition%2C_Ringen.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_135-BB-149-05%2C_Tibetexpedition%2C_Ringen.jpg/255px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_135-BB-149-05%2C_Tibetexpedition%2C_Ringen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_135-BB-149-05%2C_Tibetexpedition%2C_Ringen.jpg/340px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_135-BB-149-05%2C_Tibetexpedition%2C_Ringen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="559" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_people" title="Tibetan people">Tibetan</a> wrestlers, 1938</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_wrestler_exercising_near_Varanasi._1973.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Indian wrestler exercising near Varanasi, 1973"><img alt="Indian wrestler exercising near Varanasi, 1973" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Indian_wrestler_exercising_near_Varanasi._1973.JPG/118px-Indian_wrestler_exercising_near_Varanasi._1973.JPG" decoding="async" width="118" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Indian_wrestler_exercising_near_Varanasi._1973.JPG/177px-Indian_wrestler_exercising_near_Varanasi._1973.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Indian_wrestler_exercising_near_Varanasi._1973.JPG/236px-Indian_wrestler_exercising_near_Varanasi._1973.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1332" data-file-height="1916" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> wrestler exercising near <a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a>, 1973</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspendos_-_400-300_BC_-_silver_stater_-_wrestlers_-_slinger_-_Erlangen_FAU_AS_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wrestlers on Greek coin, 400–300 BC"><img alt="Wrestlers on Greek coin, 400–300 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Aspendos_-_400-300_BC_-_silver_stater_-_wrestlers_-_slinger_-_Erlangen_FAU_AS_01.jpg/170px-Aspendos_-_400-300_BC_-_silver_stater_-_wrestlers_-_slinger_-_Erlangen_FAU_AS_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Aspendos_-_400-300_BC_-_silver_stater_-_wrestlers_-_slinger_-_Erlangen_FAU_AS_01.jpg/255px-Aspendos_-_400-300_BC_-_silver_stater_-_wrestlers_-_slinger_-_Erlangen_FAU_AS_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Aspendos_-_400-300_BC_-_silver_stater_-_wrestlers_-_slinger_-_Erlangen_FAU_AS_01.jpg/340px-Aspendos_-_400-300_BC_-_silver_stater_-_wrestlers_-_slinger_-_Erlangen_FAU_AS_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3113" data-file-height="3113" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wrestlers on <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> coin, 400–300 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrestling_-_Libyan_mosaic.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient Libyan mosaic of wrestling"><img alt="Ancient Libyan mosaic of wrestling" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Wrestling_-_Libyan_mosaic.jpg/170px-Wrestling_-_Libyan_mosaic.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Wrestling_-_Libyan_mosaic.jpg/255px-Wrestling_-_Libyan_mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Wrestling_-_Libyan_mosaic.jpg/340px-Wrestling_-_Libyan_mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ancient Libyan mosaic of wrestling</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statesmen_(1904)_(14778836201).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A 1904 illustration of Abraham Lincoln wrestling"><img alt="A 1904 illustration of Abraham Lincoln wrestling" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Statesmen_%281904%29_%2814778836201%29.jpg/170px-Statesmen_%281904%29_%2814778836201%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Statesmen_%281904%29_%2814778836201%29.jpg/255px-Statesmen_%281904%29_%2814778836201%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Statesmen_%281904%29_%2814778836201%29.jpg/340px-Statesmen_%281904%29_%2814778836201%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2640" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A 1904 illustration of <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> wrestling</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saarela_Weckman_London_1908.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Wrestling match during 1908 Summer Olympics"><img alt="Wrestling match during 1908 Summer Olympics" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Saarela_Weckman_London_1908.png/170px-Saarela_Weckman_London_1908.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Saarela_Weckman_London_1908.png/255px-Saarela_Weckman_London_1908.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Saarela_Weckman_London_1908.png/340px-Saarela_Weckman_London_1908.png 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="303" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wrestling match during <a href="/wiki/1908_Summer_Olympics" title="1908 Summer Olympics">1908 Summer Olympics</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_international_disciplines">Modern international disciplines</h2></div> <p>Wrestling disciplines, as defined by UWW, are broken down into two categories: international wrestling disciplines and <a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">folk wrestling</a> disciplines. Three are Olympic disciplines: <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a>, men's <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle wrestling</a> and women's freestyle wrestling. UWW also sanctions associated styles: <a href="/wiki/Submission_wrestling" title="Submission wrestling">grappling</a>, amateur pankration, <a href="/wiki/Alysh" title="Alysh">belt wrestling alysh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pahlevani_and_zoorkhaneh_rituals" title="Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals">pahlavani wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beach_wrestling" title="Beach wrestling">beach wrestling</a>, and African wrestling.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sambo was given status as an international style in 1966 by FILA, UWW's predecessor.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greco-Roman_wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WrestlingUSAF_Flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/WrestlingUSAF_Flag.jpg/260px-WrestlingUSAF_Flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/WrestlingUSAF_Flag.jpg/390px-WrestlingUSAF_Flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/WrestlingUSAF_Flag.jpg/520px-WrestlingUSAF_Flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="401" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a> match</figcaption></figure> <p>Greco-Roman (GR) is an international discipline and one of two wrestling disciplines featured in the Olympic Games. This form of wrestling prioritizes upper body attacks, with an emphasis on explosive "high amplitude" throws. Under the Greco-Roman ruleset, it is forbidden to attack the opponent below the belt in the execution of any action (restricting holds, trips, and active but not passive usage of the legs). Points are allotted on the basis of throw amplitude, exposure of an opponent's back to the mat and opponent passivity. A Greco-Roman wrestler may instantly win a match by holding both of an opponent's scapula to the mat (known as a "fall"). A well known Greco-Roman wrestler is <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Karelin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Karelin">Alexander Karelin</a> from <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Freestyle_wrestling">Freestyle wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">Freestyle wrestling</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrestling_dsc03566.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Wrestling_dsc03566.jpg/260px-Wrestling_dsc03566.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Wrestling_dsc03566.jpg/390px-Wrestling_dsc03566.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Wrestling_dsc03566.jpg/520px-Wrestling_dsc03566.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2262" data-file-height="1636" /></a><figcaption>Women's <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle wrestling</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Freestyle wrestling (FS, WW) is an international discipline and one of two wrestling disciplines featured in the Olympic Games, for both men and women. This style allows the use of the wrestler's or his opponent's legs in offense and defense. Freestyle wrestling has its origins in <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch-as-catch-can wrestling</a> and awards points on the basis of throw amplitude, exposure of an opponent's back to the mat and opponent passivity. A freestyle wrestler may instantly win a match by holding both of an opponent's scapula to the mat (known as a "fall"). This form of wrestling is similar to <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> <a href="/wiki/Scholastic_wrestling" title="Scholastic wrestling">scholastic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_wrestling" title="Collegiate wrestling">collegiate wrestling</a> with freestyle wrestling having a greater emphasis on throw amplitude. Collegiate women's wrestling uses two rulesets, freestyle in the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a> and standard collegiate in the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Wrestling_Association" title="National Collegiate Wrestling Association">NCWA</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Submission_Wrestling">Submission Wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Submission_wrestling" title="Submission wrestling">Submission wrestling</a></div> <p>Submission Wrestling incorporates techniques and holds from a variety of wrestling disciplines. Grappling is divided into two styles: no-gi and gi. In no-gi (GNG), athletes wear shorts and a compression shirt called a rashguard. In gi grappling (GWG), athletes wear a <a href="/wiki/Keikogi" title="Keikogi">kimono</a> or <a href="/wiki/Judogi" title="Judogi">gi</a>. The goal of the sport is to take down and control the opponent on the ground and potentially win a submission using chokes and joint locks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amateur_pankration">Amateur pankration</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">Pankration</a></div> <p>Pankration (PK), from the Greek words <i>pan</i> and <i>kratos</i> and meaning "all of power", is a world heritage martial art which was introduced to the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Ancient Olympic Games</a> in 648 BC. Modern amateur pankration is a form of <a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">mixed martial arts</a> (MMA) that incorporates techniques from multiple systems. Matches are fought with both grappling and striking techniques.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belt_wrestling_alysh">Belt wrestling alysh</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Alysh" title="Alysh">Alysh</a></div> <p>Alysh is a Turkic term for a Central Asian folk wrestling style which involves the wearing of jackets, trousers and thick belts. Throughout the contest the wrestlers must retain their hold on each other's belt. For this reason it is also referred to as '<a href="/wiki/Belt_wrestling" title="Belt wrestling">belt wrestling</a> alysh' or 'alysh belt wrestling' (BWUWW). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pahlavani_wrestling">Pahlavani wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pahlavani_wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahlavani wrestling">Pahlavani wrestling</a></div> <p>The origin of pahlavani wrestling goes back to <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Persia">ancient Persia</a> and is said to have been practiced by mythological Iranian heroes. It combines martial arts, <a href="/wiki/Calisthenics" title="Calisthenics">calisthenics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strength_training" title="Strength training">strength training</a>, and music, and was originally used to train warriors.. It is recognized by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> as among the world's longest-running forms of sport. The best wrestlers earn the title of <i>pahlevan</i> (hero). It is similar to freestyle wrestling, however wrestlers wear pants which extend from the waist to below the knees and a belt. They are allowed to use or grab pants or belt as a grip, use legs, waist, clinch, leg trips and lift or throw, with the goal being to touch their opponent's shoulders to the mat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beach_wrestling">Beach wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Beach_wrestling" title="Beach wrestling">Beach wrestling</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anthony_Gallton_(left)_vs_Robert_Teet_(right)_during_USA_Wrestling%27s_2010_World_Team_Trials_for_beach_wrestling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Anthony_Gallton_%28left%29_vs_Robert_Teet_%28right%29_during_USA_Wrestling%27s_2010_World_Team_Trials_for_beach_wrestling.jpg/260px-Anthony_Gallton_%28left%29_vs_Robert_Teet_%28right%29_during_USA_Wrestling%27s_2010_World_Team_Trials_for_beach_wrestling.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Anthony_Gallton_%28left%29_vs_Robert_Teet_%28right%29_during_USA_Wrestling%27s_2010_World_Team_Trials_for_beach_wrestling.jpg/390px-Anthony_Gallton_%28left%29_vs_Robert_Teet_%28right%29_during_USA_Wrestling%27s_2010_World_Team_Trials_for_beach_wrestling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Anthony_Gallton_%28left%29_vs_Robert_Teet_%28right%29_during_USA_Wrestling%27s_2010_World_Team_Trials_for_beach_wrestling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="517" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption>2010 <a href="/wiki/USA_Wrestling" title="USA Wrestling">USA Wrestling</a> Beach Wrestling World Team Trials</figcaption></figure> <p>UWW, then known as FILA, codified the form of beach wrestling in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beach wrestling (BW) is standing wrestling done by wrestlers, male or female, inside a sand-filled circle measuring 7 meters (23 ft) in diameter. The style originally mirrored the rules used before the use of wrestling mats,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and beach wrestling has been regarded as the oldest version of international competitive wrestling.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wrestlers wear swimsuits rather than special wrestling uniforms. Wrestlers may also wear <a href="/wiki/Spandex" title="Spandex">spandex</a> or athletic shorts. </p><p>The international rules have been modified in 2015 by UWW, with the current rules allowing wrestlers to score points via takedowns, pushing their opponent out of bounds, or bringing the opponent down to their back.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the annual <a href="/wiki/World_Beach_Wrestling_Championships" title="World Beach Wrestling Championships">World Beach Wrestling Championships</a>, beach wrestling has been contested at <a href="/wiki/Youth_Olympic_Games" title="Youth Olympic Games">Youth Olympic Games</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a>, Down Under Games, <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Games" title="Mediterranean Games">Mediterranean Games</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/2019_World_Beach_Games" title="2019 World Beach Games">2019 World Beach Games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Folk_styles">Folk styles</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">Folk wrestling</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrestling_competition_in_Tos_Bulak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wrestling_competition_in_Tos_Bulak.jpg/260px-Wrestling_competition_in_Tos_Bulak.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wrestling_competition_in_Tos_Bulak.jpg/390px-Wrestling_competition_in_Tos_Bulak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wrestling_competition_in_Tos_Bulak.jpg/520px-Wrestling_competition_in_Tos_Bulak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="989" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Khuresh" title="Khuresh">Khuresh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tuvans" title="Tuvans">Tuvan</a> wrestling)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Davangere_Wrestlers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Davangere_Wrestlers.jpg/260px-Davangere_Wrestlers.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Davangere_Wrestlers.jpg/390px-Davangere_Wrestlers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Davangere_Wrestlers.jpg/520px-Davangere_Wrestlers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> wrestlers from <a href="/wiki/Davangere" class="mw-redirect" title="Davangere">Davangere</a> in 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>Folk wrestling describes a traditional form of wrestling unique to a culture or geographic region of the world that UWW does not administer rules for. Examples of the many styles of folk wrestling, include <a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish wrestling</a>, backhold wrestling (from Europe), <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumberland Wrestling">Cumberland Wrestling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">Catch-as-catch-can</a> (from England), <a href="/wiki/Kurash" title="Kurash">kurash</a> from Uzbekistan, gushteengiri from Tajikistan, <a href="/wiki/Khuresh" title="Khuresh">khuresh</a> from Siberia, Lotta Campidanese from Italy, <a href="/wiki/Naban" title="Naban">naban</a> from Myanmar, <a href="/wiki/Pehlwani" title="Pehlwani">pehlwani</a> from India, penjang gulat from Indonesia, <a href="/wiki/Schwingen" title="Schwingen">schwingen</a> from Switzerland, tigel from Ethiopia, <a href="/wiki/Kene_(Naga_wrestling)" title="Kene (Naga wrestling)">kene</a> of the Nagas from India, <a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">shuai jiao</a> from China, and <a href="/wiki/Ssireum" title="Ssireum">ssireum</a> from Korea. </p><p>Folk wrestling styles are not recognized as international styles of wrestling by <a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">UWW</a>. </p><p>Celtic wrestling styles (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Backhold" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Backhold">Scottish Backhold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumberland Wrestling">Cumberland Wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gouren" title="Gouren">Gouren</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collar-and-elbow" title="Collar-and-elbow">Collar-and-elbow</a>) are a subset of folk wrestling and have their own regulatory bodies and some are affiliated to other organisations. For example, the Cornish Wrestling Association is affiliated to the British Wrestling Association which is linked to the UWW. The International Federation of Celtic Wrestling (FILC) organises international competitions between wrestlers from these styles.<sup id="cite_ref-Jacket_1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jacket_1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Folk styles have been international in nature. For example, there have been regular <a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish wrestling</a> tournaments and matches in the US,<sup id="cite_ref-MJ19071902_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJ19071902-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Australia,<sup id="cite_ref-BA09011906_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BA09011906-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> South Africa,<sup id="cite_ref-CG08051914_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CG08051914-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New Zealand,<sup id="cite_ref-WCT04011968_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCT04011968-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> England<sup id="cite_ref-CG25061926_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CG25061926-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TCWA28121963_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCWA28121963-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Cornwall, with irregular tournaments and matches in Japan,<sup id="cite_ref-TJWM_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TJWM-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canada<sup id="cite_ref-CG20121928_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CG20121928-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-TCT14071892_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCT14071892-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There have also been Inter-Celtic tournaments between <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a> dating back to the <a href="/wiki/Field_of_the_Cloth_of_Gold" title="Field of the Cloth of Gold">Field of the Cloth of Gold</a> in 1520 through to the modern era with regular events since 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-Jacket_2_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jacket_2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CG19102011_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CG19102011-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oil_wrestling">Oil wrestling</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Oil_wrestling" title="Oil wrestling">Oil wrestling</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">yağlı güreş</i>), also called grease wrestling, is the <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkish</a> national sport. It is so called because the wrestlers douse themselves with olive oil. It is related to Uzbek <span title="Uzbek-language text"><i lang="uz">kurash</i></span>, Tuvan khuresh and Tatar and Bashkir <span title="Tatar-language text"><span lang="tt">көрәш</span></span> (<span title="Tatar-language text"><i lang="tt-Latn">köräş</i></span>). The wrestlers, known as <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/Pehlivan" title="Pehlivan">pehlivanlar</a></i></span> meaning "champion" wear a type of hand-stitched lederhosen called a <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">kispetler</i></span>, which are traditionally made of water buffalo hide, and most recently have been made of calfskin. </p><p>Unlike Olympic wrestling, oil wrestling matches may be won by achieving an effective hold of the <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">kisbet</i></span>. Thus, the <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">pehlivan</i></span> aims to control his opponent by putting his arm through the latter's <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">kisbet</i></span>. To win by this move is called <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">paça kazık</i></span>. Originally, matches had no set duration and could go on for one or two days, until one man was able to establish superiority, but in 1975 the duration was capped at 40 minutes for the <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">başpehlivan</i></span> and 30 minutes for the <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">pehlivan</i></span> category. If no winner is determined, another 15 minutes—10 minutes for the <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">pehlivan</i></span> category—of wrestling ensues, wherein scores are kept to determine the victor. </p><p>The annual <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1rkp%C4%B1nar" title="Kırkpınar">Kırkpınar</a> tournament, held in <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a> in Turkish Thrace since 1362, is the oldest continuously running, sanctioned sporting competition in the world. In recent years this style of wrestling has also become popular in other countries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_collegiate_wrestling">American collegiate wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_wrestling" title="Collegiate wrestling">Collegiate wrestling</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USAFA_Wrestling_Vs_South_Dakota_State_-_Image_9_of_34.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/USAFA_Wrestling_Vs_South_Dakota_State_-_Image_9_of_34.jpg/260px-USAFA_Wrestling_Vs_South_Dakota_State_-_Image_9_of_34.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/USAFA_Wrestling_Vs_South_Dakota_State_-_Image_9_of_34.jpg/390px-USAFA_Wrestling_Vs_South_Dakota_State_-_Image_9_of_34.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/USAFA_Wrestling_Vs_South_Dakota_State_-_Image_9_of_34.jpg/520px-USAFA_Wrestling_Vs_South_Dakota_State_-_Image_9_of_34.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5852" data-file-height="3907" /></a><figcaption>Two <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_wrestling" title="Collegiate wrestling">collegiate wrestlers</a> competing in a dual meet</figcaption></figure> <p>Collegiate wrestling (also known as folkstyle wrestling) is the commonly used name of wrestling practiced at the <a href="/wiki/College" title="College">college</a> and <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> level in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. This style, <a href="/wiki/Scholastic_wrestling" title="Scholastic wrestling">with modifications</a>, is also practiced at the <a href="/wiki/High_school" class="mw-redirect" title="High school">high school</a> and <a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">middle school</a> levels, and also for younger participants. The term is used to distinguish the style from other styles of wrestling used in other parts of the world, and from those of the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a>: <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle wrestling</a>. Some high schools in the U.S. have developed junior varsity and freshman teams alongside varsity teams. Junior varsity and freshman wrestling teams restrict competitors not only by weight, but also by age and the amount of wrestling a competitor can partake in. For example, some junior varsity and freshman competitors are not allowed in tournament competition due to the amount of mat time a wrestler would accrue in a short time period. </p><p>Women's college wrestling in the U.S. uses freestyle wrestling rules in the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a> and standard collegiate rules in the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Wrestling_Association" title="National Collegiate Wrestling Association">NCWA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are currently several organizations which oversee collegiate wrestling competition: Divisions I, II, and III of the NCAA, the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics" title="National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics">NAIA</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Junior_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Junior College Athletic Association">NJCAA</a>, and the NCWA. <a href="/wiki/List_of_NCAA_Division_I_wrestling_programs" title="List of NCAA Division I wrestling programs">NCAA Division I wrestling</a> is considered the most prestigious and challenging level of competition. A school chooses which athletic organization to join, although it may compete against teams from other levels and organizations during regular-season competition. The collegiate season starts in October or November and culminates with the National Championship tournament held in March.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_wrestling">Professional wrestling</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">Professional wrestling</a></div> <p>Professional wrestling is often concluded in a raised ring; akin to boxing. Although <a href="/wiki/Kayfabe" title="Kayfabe">advertised as contests</a>, bouts are actually <a href="/wiki/Exhibition_game" title="Exhibition game">exhibitions</a> with winners generally pre-determined to increase entertainment value. Legitimate wrestling skill remained a valuable bargaining chip in the wrestling industry until the late 20th century however, with occasional <a href="/wiki/Shoot_(professional_wrestling)" title="Shoot (professional wrestling)">shoot</a> matches (often to settle some backstage personal or business dispute) taking place in the early days of the business and still occurring well into the 1930s and 1940s and the threat to use legitimate skill to have one's way in the ring still potent decades later.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The roots of professional wrestling lay in the <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch-as-catch-can</a> contests of the late 19th century. Whereas the Europeans favored the more controlled and classical <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a> style, the Americans from the 1880s preferred the more wide-open style of wrestling that later became known as <i><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a></i>. When the best American catch wrestlers discovered they could earn money with their skills, the professional counterpart was born. Initially, the contests were similar to amateur matches, except there were no time limits, and <a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold#Submission_hold" title="Grappling hold">submission</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chokehold" title="Chokehold">choke holds</a> were allowed. Amateur wrestling coexisted with its professional counterpart until around the 1940s before the sport grew more theatrical.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wrestlers from the period were known as <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">hookers</a> or <a href="/wiki/Shoot_(professional_wrestling)#Shoot_fighting" title="Shoot (professional wrestling)">shooters</a> due to their legitimate skills – a dwindling number have remained in the business until modern times. Popular wrestlers from this era include <a href="/wiki/Farmer_Burns" class="mw-redirect" title="Farmer Burns">Martin "Farmer" Burns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Gotch" title="Frank Gotch">Frank Gotch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Jenkins_(wrestler)" title="Tom Jenkins (wrestler)">Tom Jenkins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Cutler_(wrestler)" title="Charles Cutler (wrestler)">Charles Cutler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Stecher" title="Joe Stecher">Joe Stecher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earl_Caddock" title="Earl Caddock">Earl Caddock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanislaus_Zbyszko" title="Stanislaus Zbyszko">Stanislaus Zbyszko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ed_%22Strangler%22_Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ed "Strangler" Lewis">Ed "Strangler" Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ad_Santel" title="Ad Santel">Ad Santel</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Pesek" title="John Pesek">John Pesek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Londos" title="Jim Londos">Jim Londos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sauer" title="Peter Sauer">Ray Steele</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Shikat" title="Dick Shikat">Dick Shikat</a>, and transitional figure <a href="/wiki/Lou_Thesz" title="Lou Thesz">Lou Thesz</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports_entertainment">Sports entertainment</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sports_entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports entertainment">Sports entertainment</a></div> <p>Sometimes referred as "American-style" professional wrestling, companies such as <a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">WWE</a>, <a href="/wiki/All_Elite_Wrestling" title="All Elite Wrestling">AEW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Impact_Wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact Wrestling">Impact Wrestling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Honor" title="Ring of Honor">ROH</a> run touring professional wrestling events throughout the world. Matches are highly theatrical, with dramatic stories such as <a href="/wiki/Feud_(professional_wrestling)" title="Feud (professional wrestling)">feuds</a> between the athletes developed and performed as part of build-up and promotion for matches. Before its increase in popularity in the mid-1980s, professional wrestling in the United States was organised as a cartel of regional monopolies, known as "territories." Wrestling in some of these areas (particularly the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a>) was performed in a relatively less theatrical more serious style, which could vary from realistically sporting to darkly violent, depending on local preference. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British/European_wrestling"><span id="British.2FEuropean_wrestling"></span>British/European wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Professional wrestling in the United Kingdom">Professional wrestling in the United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_France" title="Professional wrestling in France">Professional wrestling in France</a></div> <p>A different style of professional wrestling evolved in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and spread across Western <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> (where it was known as "Catch" in the non-English speaking countries of mainland Europe). Traditionally in this style, there was less use of storylines and angles to promote the matches which, for the most part, had the atmosphere of real wrestling competition. In many countries this form of professional wrestling achieved mainstream popularity – particularly in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> where in both countries from the 1950s to the late 1980s, national television coverage made household names of its stars (it was also regularly screened on <a href="/wiki/S4C" title="S4C">Welsh language television</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> in the 1980s/1990s and early satellite sports channels during the same period as well as extensive home video releases in 1980s Germany/Austria) – but later declined and was supplanted both on television and in wider culture by imported American wrestling. Some promoters in the UK (and to a lesser extent France and <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>) still produce live shows in this style but face stiff competition from more American-styled rivals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Puroresu">Puroresu</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Puroresu" title="Puroresu">Puroresu</a></div> <p>Japanese professional wrestling, also known as <i>puroresu</i>, is also treated more as a <a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">sport</a> than the <a href="/wiki/Sports_entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports entertainment">entertainment</a> style of wrestling common in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. As with British/European wrestling, there are fewer and less contrived <a href="/wiki/Plot_(narrative)" title="Plot (narrative)">storylines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Angle_(professional_wrestling)" class="mw-redirect" title="Angle (professional wrestling)">angles</a> and there is a similar atmosphere of realistic sporting competition. Much of this direction can be attributed to the influence of two European catch wrestlers/coaches <a href="/wiki/Karl_Gotch" title="Karl Gotch">Karl Gotch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Robinson" title="Billy Robinson">Billy Robinson</a> whose matches in Japan early in the 1970s inspired considerable interest in the more purist grappling element of professional wrestling. Popular Japanese wrestlers include <a href="/wiki/Rikidozan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rikidozan">Rikidozan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giant_Baba" title="Giant Baba">Giant Baba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsuharu_Misawa" title="Mitsuharu Misawa">Mitsuharu Misawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenta_Kobashi" title="Kenta Kobashi">Kenta Kobashi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shinya_Hashimoto" title="Shinya Hashimoto">Shinya Hashimoto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Keiji_Mutoh" class="mw-redirect" title="Keiji Mutoh">Keiji Mutoh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">Shoot style</a> wrestling evolved from traditional puroresu in an attempt to create a <a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">combat</a>-based style. Shoot style featured a mix of <a href="/wiki/Amateur_wrestling" title="Amateur wrestling">amateur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">kickboxing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Submission_grappling" class="mw-redirect" title="Submission grappling">submission grappling</a>. Shoot style wrestling is retrospectively considered a precursor to <a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">mixed martial arts</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lucha_libre">Lucha libre</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lucha_libre" title="Lucha libre">Lucha libre</a></div> <p>Mexican professional wrestling, also known as <i>lucha libre</i>, is a style of wrestling using special holds. Most performers, known as <i>luchadores</i> (singular <i>luchador</i>), begin their careers wearing masks, but most will lose their masks during their careers. Traditionally a match involves the best of three rounds, with no time limit. Each luchador uses his own special wrestling style or "estilo de lucha" consisting of aerial attack moves, strikes and complex submission holds. Popular <i>luchadores</i> in Mexico and Puerto Rico are <a href="/wiki/El_Santo" title="El Santo">El Santo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blue_Demon" title="Blue Demon">Blue Demon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mil_M%C3%A1scaras" title="Mil Máscaras">Mil Máscaras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perro_Aguayo" title="Perro Aguayo">Perro Aguayo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Col%C3%B3n,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos Colón, Sr.">Carlos Colón</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konnan" title="Konnan">Konnan</a>, <a href="/wiki/L._A._Park" title="L. A. Park">L. A. Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADstico" title="Místico">Místico</a>. Several wrestlers who performed in Mexico also had success in the United States, including <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Guerrero" title="Eddie Guerrero">Eddie Guerrero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rey_Mysterio" title="Rey Mysterio">Rey Mysterio (Jr.)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Del_Rio" title="Alberto Del Rio">Dos Caras Jr./Alberto Del Rio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Circus_wrestling">Circus wrestling</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Russia#Russian_Empire" title="Professional wrestling in Russia">Professional wrestling in Russia § Russian Empire</a></div> <p>In France in the 19th century, early professional wrestling shows in the Greco-Roman style were often performed at the <a href="/wiki/Circus" title="Circus">circus</a> by the resident <a href="/wiki/Strongman_(strength_athlete)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strongman (strength athlete)">strongmen</a>. This style later spread to circuses in Eastern Europe, particularly in Russia where it was a staple part of <a href="/wiki/Circuses" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuses">circuses</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet">Soviet</a> era, where it was often advertised as "French wrestling."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Poddubny" title="Ivan Poddubny">Ivan Poddubny</a> achieved major stardom in his homeland and beyond during the <a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">interwar period</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judo">Judo</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Judo_throw.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Judo_throw.jpg/260px-Judo_throw.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Judo_throw.jpg/390px-Judo_throw.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Judo_throw.jpg/520px-Judo_throw.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1326" data-file-height="884" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a> throw</figcaption></figure> <p>Judo is a style of wrestling which is derived from <a href="/wiki/Jujitsu" class="mw-redirect" title="Jujitsu">jujitsu</a>, a Japanese martial art. As a wrestling style, judo is distinctive in that practitioners, called judoka, wear a heavy jacket and trousers, called a <a href="/wiki/Judogi" title="Judogi">gi</a>, along with a belt. The gi is used to grip the opponent in order to throw or choke them. Judo also allows some chokes and joint locks, although they are typically banned for children.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Judo is a popular sport in Japan as well as in France, Russia, and eastern Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sambo">Sambo</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo (martial art)</a></div> <p>Sambo is a martial art that originated in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> (specifically <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>) in the 20th century. It is an acronym for "self-defence without weapons" in <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> and had its origins in the Soviet armed forces. Its influences are varied, with techniques borrowed from sports ranging from the two international wrestling styles of Greco-Roman and freestyle to judo, jujitsu, European styles of <a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">folk wrestling</a>, and even <a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">fencing</a>. The rules for sport sambo are similar to those in competitive judo, with a variety of <a href="/wiki/Leg_lock" class="mw-redirect" title="Leg lock">leg locks</a> and defense holds from the various national wrestling styles in the Soviet Union, while not allowing <a href="/wiki/Chokeholds" class="mw-redirect" title="Chokeholds">chokeholds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mixed_martial_arts">Mixed martial arts</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">Mixed martial arts</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pankratiasten_in_fight_copy_of_greek_statue_3_century_bC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pankratiasten_in_fight_copy_of_greek_statue_3_century_bC.jpg/260px-Pankratiasten_in_fight_copy_of_greek_statue_3_century_bC.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pankratiasten_in_fight_copy_of_greek_statue_3_century_bC.jpg/390px-Pankratiasten_in_fight_copy_of_greek_statue_3_century_bC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pankratiasten_in_fight_copy_of_greek_statue_3_century_bC.jpg/520px-Pankratiasten_in_fight_copy_of_greek_statue_3_century_bC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3042" data-file-height="2223" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">Pankration</a>, an ancient Greek martial art resembling MMA, and <a href="/wiki/Greek_wrestling" title="Greek wrestling">wrestling</a> were two of the most popular sports at the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">ancient Olympics</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mma_ground_fighting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Mma_ground_fighting.jpg/260px-Mma_ground_fighting.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Mma_ground_fighting.jpg/390px-Mma_ground_fighting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Mma_ground_fighting.jpg/520px-Mma_ground_fighting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="781" /></a><figcaption>Two MMA fighters grappling in a <a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">mixed martial arts</a> event</figcaption></figure><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I personally think that the very best skill for MMA is wrestling, I think that's the number one base to come from because those guys just flat out dictate where the fight takes place [standing or on the ground]." "There is no better base for entering into mixed martial arts than the highly successful competitor as a wrestler. The competitive wrestlers, the highly successful amateur wrestlers have such tremendous mental toughness. If you can just get through the room, the wrestling room practices at like really high level universities, NCAA division one teams; those guys are savages. The stuff they go through, just the overtraining, just the mental toughness that you have to develop.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Joe_Rogan" title="Joe Rogan">Joe Rogan</a></cite></div></blockquote><p>The rapid rise in the popularity of <a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">mixed martial arts</a> (MMA) has increased interest in wrestling due to its effectiveness against other martial arts since the infancy of MMA, and several wrestling techniques have been specifically adapted for MMA, leading to many martial arts gyms holding MMA wrestling classes.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered one of the primary disciplines in MMA along with <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu" title="Brazilian jiu-jitsu">Brazilian jiu-jitsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">kickboxing</a>/<a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">muay Thai</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">judo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">Shoot wrestling</a>, a relative of catch and freestyle wrestling, is the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Shooto" title="Shooto">Shooto</a>, a combat sport and pioneer MMA organization founded in 1985. <a href="/wiki/Pancrase" title="Pancrase">Pancrase</a>, another influential MMA organization based on shoot wrestling, also predates the <a href="/wiki/Ultimate_Fighting_Championship" title="Ultimate Fighting Championship">Ultimate Fighting Championship</a> (UFC). </p><p>Wrestling has produced significantly more UFC champions than any other martial art.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wrestlers such as <a href="/wiki/Dan_Severn" title="Dan Severn">Dan Severn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_Frye" title="Don Frye">Don Frye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Coleman" title="Mark Coleman">Mark Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randy_Couture" title="Randy Couture">Randy Couture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Kerr_(fighter)" title="Mark Kerr (fighter)">Mark Kerr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazushi_Sakuraba" title="Kazushi Sakuraba">Kazushi Sakuraba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Miletich" title="Pat Miletich">Pat Miletich</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dan_Henderson" title="Dan Henderson">Dan Henderson</a> won many of the early <a href="/wiki/List_of_UFC_champions#Tournament_winners" title="List of UFC champions">UFC tournaments</a> along with other accolades. <a href="/wiki/Ken_Shamrock" title="Ken Shamrock">Ken Shamrock</a> won the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_UFC_champions#Superfight_Championship" title="List of UFC champions">UFC Superfight Championship</a> and the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_Pancrase_champions#Men's_Title_Histories" title="List of Pancrase champions">King of Pancrase Openweight Championship</a> in Japan. Other notable MMA fighters with foundations in various forms of wrestling include:<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Matt_Hughes_(fighter)" title="Matt Hughes (fighter)">Matt Hughes</a> </td> <td>UFC Welterweight Champion –– two-time <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Wrestling_Championships" title="NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships">NCAA Division I</a> Wrestling and <a href="/wiki/National_Junior_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Junior College Athletic Association">NJCAA</a> <a href="/wiki/All-America" title="All-America">All-American</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jon_Jones" title="Jon Jones">Jon Jones</a> </td> <td>UFC Light Heavyweight and Heavyweight Champion –– NJCAA Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minoru_Suzuki" title="Minoru Suzuki">Minoru Suzuki</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pancrase" title="Pancrase">Pancrase</a> co-founder, Pancrase Openweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch wrestling</a> background </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Masakatsu_Funaki" title="Masakatsu Funaki">Masakatsu Funaki</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pancrase" title="Pancrase">Pancrase</a> co-founder, Pancrase Openweight Champion –– catch wrestling background </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Shamrock" title="Frank Shamrock">Frank Shamrock</a> </td> <td>First UFC Light Heavyweight and <a href="/wiki/Strikeforce_(mixed_martial_arts)" title="Strikeforce (mixed martial arts)">Strikeforce</a> Middleweight Champion, <a href="/wiki/World_Extreme_Cagefighting" title="World Extreme Cagefighting">WEC</a> Light Heavyweight Champion –– catch wrestling background </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Randleman" title="Kevin Randleman">Kevin Randleman</a> </td> <td>UFC Heavyweight Champion –– two-time NCAA Division I Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tito_Ortiz" title="Tito Ortiz">Tito Ortiz</a> </td> <td>UFC Light Heavyweight Champion –– two-time <a href="/wiki/California_Community_College_Athletic_Association" title="California Community College Athletic Association">CCCAA</a> Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jens_Pulver" title="Jens Pulver">Jens Pulver</a> </td> <td>First UFC Lightweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/National_Junior_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Junior College Athletic Association">NJCAA</a> Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Takanori_Gomi" title="Takanori Gomi">Takanori Gomi</a> </td> <td>Shooto and <a href="/wiki/Pride_Fighting_Championships" title="Pride Fighting Championships">PRIDE</a> Lightweight Champion –– All-Japan Combat Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Josh_Barnett" title="Josh Barnett">Josh Barnett</a> </td> <td>UFC Heavyweight Champion and Pancrase Openweight Champion –– Catch Wrestling World Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jake_Shields" title="Jake Shields">Jake Shields</a> </td> <td>Shooto and <a href="/wiki/Elite_Xtreme_Combat" title="Elite Xtreme Combat">EliteXC</a> Welterweight Champion, Strikeforce Middleweight Champion –– two-time <a href="/wiki/California_Community_College_Athletic_Association" title="California Community College Athletic Association">CCCAA</a> Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norifumi_Yamamoto" title="Norifumi Yamamoto">Norifumi "KID" Yamamoto</a> </td> <td>All-Japan Emperor's Cup runner-up, <a href="/wiki/Hero%27s" title="Hero's">Hero's</a> Middleweight Grand Prix Champion –– <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Interscholastic_Association" title="Arizona Interscholastic Association">AIA</a> Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Georges_St-Pierre" title="Georges St-Pierre">Georges St-Pierre</a> </td> <td>UFC Welterweight and Middleweight Champion –– trained at Reinitz Wrestling Center's Montreal Wrestling Club </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brock_Lesnar" title="Brock Lesnar">Brock Lesnar</a> </td> <td>UFC Heavyweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Liddell" title="Chuck Liddell">Chuck Liddell</a> </td> <td>UFC Light Heavyweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestler </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rashad_Evans" title="Rashad Evans">Rashad Evans</a> </td> <td>UFC Light Heavyweight Champion and The Ultimate Fighter 2 Heavyweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestling National Qualifier </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dave_Menne" title="Dave Menne">Dave Menne</a> </td> <td>UFC Middleweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestler </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Renato_Sobral" title="Renato Sobral">Renato Sobral</a> </td> <td>Strikeforce Light Heavyweight Champion and <a href="/wiki/Luta_Livre" title="Luta Livre">Luta Livre</a> black belt –– Brazilian National Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Alvarez" title="Eddie Alvarez">Eddie Alvarez</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bellator_MMA" title="Bellator MMA">Bellator</a> and UFC Lightweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/Scholastic_wrestling" title="Scholastic wrestling">Scholastic wrestler</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Benson_Henderson" title="Benson Henderson">Benson Henderson</a> </td> <td>WEC and UFC Lightweight Champion –– two-time <a href="/wiki/NAIA_Men%27s_Wrestling_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NAIA Men's Wrestling Championship">NAIA</a> Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cain_Velasquez" title="Cain Velasquez">Cain Velasquez</a> </td> <td>UFC Heavyweight Champion –– two-time NCAA Division I Wrestling All-American and <a href="/wiki/National_Junior_College_Athletic_Association" title="National Junior College Athletic Association">NJCAA</a> Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Miesha_Tate" title="Miesha Tate">Miesha Tate</a> </td> <td>Strikeforce and UFC Women's Bantamweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/FILA_grappling" title="FILA grappling">FILA Grappling</a> world silver medalist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Demetrious_Johnson" title="Demetrious Johnson">Demetrious Johnson</a> </td> <td>UFC and <a href="/wiki/ONE_Championship" title="ONE Championship">ONE</a> Flyweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/Scholastic_wrestling" title="Scholastic wrestling">Scholastic wrestler</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carla_Esparza" title="Carla Esparza">Carla Esparza</a> </td> <td>First <a href="/wiki/Invicta_Fighting_Championships" title="Invicta Fighting Championships">Invicta</a> and UFC Women's Strawweight Champion, won <a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Fighter:_A_Champion_Will_Be_Crowned" title="The Ultimate Fighter: A Champion Will Be Crowned">The Ultimate Fighter 20</a> –– two-time WCWA Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chris_Weidman" title="Chris Weidman">Chris Weidman</a> </td> <td>UFC Middleweight Champion –– two-time NCAA Division I Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Johny_Hendricks" title="Johny Hendricks">Johny Hendricks</a> </td> <td>UFC Welterweight Champion –– two-time NCAA Division I Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Cormier" title="Daniel Cormier">Daniel Cormier</a> </td> <td>UFC Light Heavyweight and Heavyweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestling All-American, US National Freestyle Wrestling Champion and US Freestyle Olympian </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tyron_Woodley" title="Tyron Woodley">Tyron Woodley</a> </td> <td>UFC Welterweight Champion –– two-time NCAA Division I Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Bader" title="Ryan Bader">Ryan Bader</a> </td> <td>Bellator Light Heavyweight and Heavyweight Champion, won <a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Fighter_8" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ultimate Fighter 8">The Ultimate Fighter 8</a> –– two-time NCAA Division I Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tony_Ferguson" title="Tony Ferguson">Tony Ferguson</a> </td> <td>Interim UFC Lightweight Champion and winner of <a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Fighter_13" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ultimate Fighter 13">The Ultimate Fighter 13</a> –– <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Wrestling_Association" title="National Collegiate Wrestling Association">NCWA</a> Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khabib_Nurmagomedov" title="Khabib Nurmagomedov">Khabib Nurmagomedov</a> </td> <td>UFC Lightweight Champion, 29–0 in MMA career –– <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Sports_of_Russia" title="Master of Sports of Russia">Master of Sport</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cejudo" title="Henry Cejudo">Henry Cejudo</a> </td> <td>UFC Flyweight and Bantamweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_freestyle_55_kg" title="Wrestling at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 55 kg">Olympic Freestyle Wrestling Gold Medalist</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamaru_Usman" title="Kamaru Usman">Kamaru Usman</a> </td> <td>UFC Welterweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II_Wrestling_Championships" title="NCAA Division II Wrestling Championships">NCAA Division II</a> Wrestling Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arjan_Bhullar" title="Arjan Bhullar">Arjan Bhullar</a> </td> <td>ONE Heavyweight Champion –– two-time <a href="/wiki/NAIA_Men%27s_Wrestling_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NAIA Men's Wrestling Championship">NAIA</a> Wrestling Champion, <a href="/wiki/U_Sports" title="U Sports">CIS</a> Wrestling Champion and <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Games" title="Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a> Freestyle Champion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Malykhin" title="Anatoly Malykhin">Anatoly Malykhin</a> </td> <td>ONE Light Heavyweight and interim Heavyweight Champion –– Russian Nationals Wrestling Bronze Medalist </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aljamain_Sterling" title="Aljamain Sterling">Aljamain Sterling</a> </td> <td>UFC Bantamweight Champion –– two-time <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III_Wrestling_Championships" title="NCAA Division III Wrestling Championships">NCAA Division III</a> Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Justin_Gaethje" title="Justin Gaethje">Justin Gaethje</a> </td> <td>Interim UFC Lightweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Volkanovski" title="Alexander Volkanovski">Alexander Volkanovski</a> </td> <td>UFC Featherweight Champion and former <a href="/wiki/Australian_Fighting_Championship" title="Australian Fighting Championship">AFC</a> Featherweight Champion –– <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a> background </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colby_Covington" title="Colby Covington">Colby Covington</a> </td> <td>Interim UFC Welterweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestling All-American </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frankie_Edgar" title="Frankie Edgar">Frankie Edgar</a> </td> <td>UFC Lightweight Champion –– NCAA Division I Wrestling National Qualifier </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_wrestling" title="Amateur wrestling">Amateur wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_amateur_wrestlers" title="List of amateur wrestlers">List of amateur wrestlers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_and_Olympic_Champions_in_men%27s_freestyle_wrestling" title="List of World and Olympic Champions in men's freestyle wrestling">List of World and Olympic Champions in men's freestyle wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_and_Olympic_Champions_in_women%27s_freestyle_wrestling" title="List of World and Olympic Champions in women's freestyle wrestling">List of World and Olympic Champions in women's freestyle wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_and_Olympic_Champions_in_Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="List of World and Olympic Champions in Greco-Roman wrestling">List of World and Olympic Champions in Greco-Roman wrestling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquathlon_(underwater_wrestling)" title="Aquathlon (underwater wrestling)">Aquathlon (underwater wrestling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arm_wrestling" title="Arm wrestling">Arm wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">Catch wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehlwani" title="Pehlwani">Indian wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malla-yuddha" title="Malla-yuddha">Malla-yuddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">Mixed martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">Pankration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">Professional wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestlers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of professional wrestlers">List of professional wrestlers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WrestleMania" title="WrestleMania">WrestleMania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skin_infections_and_wrestling" title="Skin infections and wrestling">Skin infections and wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">Sumo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">United World Wrestling</a> (UWW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the Summer Olympics">Wrestling at the Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_in_Canada" title="Wrestling in Canada">Wrestling in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_in_Dagestan" title="Wrestling in Dagestan">Wrestling in Dagestan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Exbroyat of <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>. He died in 1868. Another claim, is that the founder of <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a>, was Frenchman Jean Broyasse (death 1872), according to the encyclopedia <i>Gyldendals store konversasjonsleksikon</i>, 1981, p. 2564.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Different_types_of_wrestling-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Different_types_of_wrestling_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianapolisrecorder.com/sports/article_3dcdea28-76c8-11e2-b2e0-0019bb2963f4.html">"Different types of wrestling"</a>. 14 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Different+types+of+wrestling&rft.date=2013-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianapolisrecorder.com%2Fsports%2Farticle_3dcdea28-76c8-11e2-b2e0-0019bb2963f4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uww.org/organisation/history-wrestling-uww">History of Wrestling & UWW</a>. <i>United World Wrestling</i>. Retrieved January 1, 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/OED" class="mw-redirect" title="OED">OED</a>; see also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDictionary.com" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=wrestle">"Wrestle"</a>. dictionary.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wrestle&rft.pub=dictionary.com&rft.au=Dictionary.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reference.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Dwrestle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelaneyMadigan2021" class="citation book cs1">Delaney, Tim; Madigan, Tim (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S74-EAAAQBAJ&dq=wrestling+cave+paintings+france&pg=PA58#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>The Sociology of Sports: An Introduction</i></a> (3rd ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-8237-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-8237-2"><bdi>978-1-4766-8237-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sociology+of+Sports%3A+An+Introduction&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+North+Carolina&rft.pages=58&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-8237-2&rft.aulast=Delaney&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.au=Madigan%2C+Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS74-EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dwrestling%2Bcave%2Bpaintings%2Bfrance%26pg%3DPA58%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/New_International_Version" title="New International Version">New International Version</a> Genesis 32:24–32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.collegesportsscholarships.com/history-wrestling.htm">"The Historical origins of Wrestling"</a>. collegesportsscholarships.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Historical+origins+of+Wrestling&rft.pub=collegesportsscholarships.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collegesportsscholarships.com%2Fhistory-wrestling.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LaV-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LaV_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Diogenes Laërtius, <i>Life of Plato</i>, V</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalamone2013" class="citation book cs1">Salamone, Frank (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kuqvQZmlKb8C&q=%22There+are+accounts+of+Native+American+wrestling+reaching+back+to+the+earliest+contacts+between+Europeans+and+Native+Americans.%22"><i>The Native American Identity in Sports</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810887084" title="Special:BookSources/9780810887084"><bdi>9780810887084</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Native+American+Identity+in+Sports&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780810887084&rft.aulast=Salamone&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkuqvQZmlKb8C%26q%3D%2522There%2Bare%2Baccounts%2Bof%2BNative%2BAmerican%2Bwrestling%2Breaching%2Bback%2Bto%2Bthe%2Bearliest%2Bcontacts%2Bbetween%2BEuropeans%2Band%2BNative%2BAmericans.%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Christopher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historical-pankration.com/articles_wrestling.html">"Submission Fighting and the Rules of Ancient Greek Wrestling"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Submission+Fighting+and+the+Rules+of+Ancient+Greek+Wrestling&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorical-pankration.com%2Farticles_wrestling.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1193Poliakoff-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1193Poliakoff_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1193Poliakoff_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wrestling, Freestyle" by Michael B. Poliakoff from <i>Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present</i>, Vol. 3, p. 1193, eds. David Levinson and Karen Christensen (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1996).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1190Poliakoff-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1190Poliakoff_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1190Poliakoff_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wrestling, Freestyle" by Michael B. Poliakoff from <i>Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present</i>, Vol. 3, p. 1190, eds. David Levinson and Karen Christensen (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1996).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, 1981, p. 1026.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Federation_of_Associated_Wrestling_Styles" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Associated_Wrestling_Styles" class="mw-redirect" title="International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles">International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711000658/http://www.fila-official.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=18&Itemid=36">"Greco-Roman Wrestling"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Associated_Wrestling_Styles" class="mw-redirect" title="International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles">FILA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fila-official.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=18&Itemid=36">the original</a> on 2011-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-08-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Greco-Roman+Wrestling&rft.pub=FILA&rft.au=International+Federation+of+Associated+Wrestling+Styles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fila-official.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D18%26Itemid%3D36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wrestling, Greco-Roman" by Michael B. Poliakoff from <i>Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present</i>, Vol. 3, p. 1194, eds. David Levinson and Karen Christensen (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1996).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106060731/https://unitedworldwrestling.org/disciplines">"Disciplines"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">United World Wrestling</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unitedworldwrestling.org/disciplines">the original</a> on 6 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Disciplines&rft.pub=United+World+Wrestling&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funitedworldwrestling.org%2Fdisciplines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uww.org/about-uww/committee/united-world-wrestling-committee-associated-styles">"United World Wrestling Committee of Associated Styles"</a>. <i>United World Wrestling</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+World+Wrestling&rft.atitle=United+World+Wrestling+Committee+of+Associated+Styles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuww.org%2Fabout-uww%2Fcommittee%2Funited-world-wrestling-committee-associated-styles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sambo.sport/en/fias/history/">"History"</a>. <i>International Sambo Federation (FIAS)</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Sambo+Federation+%28FIAS%29&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsambo.sport%2Fen%2Ffias%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120914084625/http://www.fila-wrestling.com/">"Pankration"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">FILA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fila-wrestling.com/">the original</a> on 2012-09-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pankration&rft.pub=FILA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fila-wrestling.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fila-official.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=118&Itemid=100297&lang=en">'Beach Wrestling "</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024174347/http://fila-official.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=118&Itemid=100297&lang=en">Archived</a> 2012-10-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, fila-official.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeet2016" class="citation book cs1">Teet, Rob (2016-03-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rjLHCwAAQBAJ"><i>Hosting Beach Wrestling Events on Google Books</i></a>. Lulu.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781329956216" title="Special:BookSources/9781329956216"><bdi>9781329956216</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hosting+Beach+Wrestling+Events+on+Google+Books&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2016-03-07&rft.isbn=9781329956216&rft.aulast=Teet&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrjLHCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161023211321/http://www.sandwrestling.com/">"SandWrestling.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sandwrestling.com">the original</a> on 23 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SandWrestling.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sandwrestling.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unitedworldwrestling.org/article/beach-wrestling-rules-adjusted-tournaments-announced">"Beach Wrestling Rules Adjusted"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">United World Wrestling</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beach+Wrestling+Rules+Adjusted&rft.pub=United+World+Wrestling&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funitedworldwrestling.org%2Farticle%2Fbeach-wrestling-rules-adjusted-tournaments-announced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140920205756/https://unitedworldwrestling.org/disciplines">"UWW Disciplines"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unitedworldwrestling.org/disciplines">the original</a> on 20 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UWW+Disciplines&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funitedworldwrestling.org%2Fdisciplines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jacket_1-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jacket_1_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guy Jaouen and Matthew Bennett Nicols: <i>Celtic Wrestling, The Jacket Styles</i>, Fédération Internationale des Luttes Associées (Switzerland) 2007, p1-183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MJ19071902-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MJ19071902_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Great activity in wrestling, Cornish sport is growing in popularity in upper peninsula of Michigan</i>, The Minneapolis Journal, 19 July 1902, p9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BA09011906-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BA09011906_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Wrestling</i>, Bendigo Advertiser (Vic), 9 January 1906, p3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CG08051914-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CG08051914_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Cornish Association of South Africa</i>, Cornish Guardian, 8 May 1914, p5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WCT04011968-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WCT04011968_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Wrestling for the championship of Westland</i>, WEST COAST TIMES, ISSUE 712, 4 JANUARY 1868, p2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CG25061926-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CG25061926_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Cornish wrestling in Devon</i>, Cornish Guardian, 25 June 1926, p6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TCWA28121963-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TCWA28121963_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Last Christmas Day wedding in Taunton</i>, Taunton Courier, and Western Advertiser, 28 December 1963, p1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TJWM-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TJWM_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Wrestling</i>, The Japan Weekly Mail, 30 March 1872, p162.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CG20121928-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CG20121928_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Cornish Wrestling to be introduced to Canada</i>, Cornish Guardian, 20 December 1928, p5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TCT14071892-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TCT14071892_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>A Cornish Wrestler in Mexico</i>, The Cornish Telegraph, 14 July 1892, p5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jacket_2-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jacket_2_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guy Jaouen and Matthew Bennett Nicols: <i>Celtic Wrestling, The Jacket Styles</i>, Fédération Internationale des Luttes Associées (Switzerland) 2007, p119-155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CG19102011-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CG19102011_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>In My View</i>, Cornish Guardian, 19 October 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112032707/http://www.nwcaonline.com/growing-wrestling/growing-womens-wrestling/wcwa/">"Growing Wrestling: Women's Collegiate Wrestling Association"</a>. National Wrestling Coaches Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nwcaonline.com/growing-wrestling/growing-womens-wrestling/wcwa/">the original</a> on November 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Growing+Wrestling%3A+Women%27s+Collegiate+Wrestling+Association&rft.pub=National+Wrestling+Coaches+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nwcaonline.com%2Fgrowing-wrestling%2Fgrowing-womens-wrestling%2Fwcwa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wrestling, Freestyle" by Michael B. Poliakoff from <i>Encyclopedia of World the Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present</i>, Vol. 3, p. 1192, eds. David Levinson and Karen Christensen (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1996).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hooker: An Authentic Wrestler's Adventures Inside the Bizarre World of Professional Wrestling</i> <a href="/wiki/Lou_Thesz" title="Lou Thesz">Lou Thesz</a> Crowbar Press 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman1990" class="citation book cs1">Chapman, Mike (1990). <i>Encyclopedia of American Wrestling</i>. 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Puroresu Central<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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<i>Bloody Elbow</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloody+Elbow&rft.atitle=Factgrinder%3A+The+25+Greatest+Wrestlers+in+UFC+History&rft.date=2013-08-11&rft.au=Coach+Mike+R&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloodyelbow.com%2F2013%2F8%2F11%2F4609222%2Ffactgrinder-the-21-greatest-wrestlers-in-ufc-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWrestling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grappling" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grappling" title="Template:Grappling"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grappling" title="Template talk:Grappling"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grappling" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grappling"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grappling" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADCC_Submission_Fighting_World_Championship" title="ADCC Submission Fighting World Championship">ADCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Jones_Invitational" title="Craig Jones Invitational">Craig Jones Invitational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapplers_Quest" title="Grapplers Quest">Grapplers Quest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_IBJJF_Jiu-Jitsu_Championship" title="World IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship">International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamoris" title="Metamoris">Metamoris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Pro_Grappling" title="Polaris Pro Grappling">Polaris Pro Grappling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintet_(grappling)" title="Quintet (grappling)">Quintet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COPA_de_Bangkok" title="COPA de Bangkok">COPA de Bangkok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_(grappling)" title="Bridge (grappling)">Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">Clinch fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_tie" title="Collar tie">Collar tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye-gouging" title="Eye-gouging">Eye-gouging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish-hooking" title="Fish-hooking">Fish-hooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold" title="Grappling hold">Grappling hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooks_(grappling)" title="Hooks (grappling)">Hooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ippon_seoi_nage" title="Ippon seoi nage">Ippon seoi nage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_hold" title="Nelson hold">Nelson hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhook" title="Overhook">Overhook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprawl_(grappling)" title="Sprawl (grappling)">Sprawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweep_(martial_arts)" title="Sweep (martial arts)">Sweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takedown_(grappling)" title="Takedown (grappling)">Takedown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throw_(grappling)" title="Throw (grappling)">Throw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transition_(grappling)" title="Transition (grappling)">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underhook" title="Underhook">Underhook</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold" title="Grappling hold">Grappling hold</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armlock" title="Armlock">Armlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chokehold" title="Chokehold">Chokehold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compression_lock" title="Compression lock">Compression lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_lock" title="Joint lock">Joint lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leglock" title="Leglock">Leglock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_joint_manipulation" title="Small joint manipulation">Small joint manipulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinal_lock" title="Spinal lock">Spinal lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wristlock" title="Wristlock">Wristlock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grappling_position" title="Grappling position">Grappling position</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Back_mount" title="Back mount">Back mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_hug" title="Bear hug">Bear hug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar-and-elbow_position" title="Collar-and-elbow position">Collar-and-elbow position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cradle_(wrestling)" title="Cradle (wrestling)">Cradle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifix_position" title="Crucifix position">Crucifix position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_(grappling)" title="Guard (grappling)">Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_guard" title="Half guard">Half guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee-on-stomach" title="Knee-on-stomach">Knee-on-stomach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_(grappling)" title="Mount (grappling)">Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93south_position" title="North–south position">North–south position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over%E2%80%93under_position" title="Over–under position">Over–under position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinch_grip_tie" title="Pinch grip tie">Pinch grip tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_control" title="Side control">Side control</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grappling-based martial arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_wrestling" title="Beach wrestling">Beach wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu" title="Brazilian jiu-jitsu">Brazilian jiu-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">Catch wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin_Na" title="Chin Na">Chin Na</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_Kung_Fu" class="mw-redirect" title="Dog Kung Fu">Dishuquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">Folk wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belt_wrestling" title="Belt wrestling">Belt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glima" class="mw-redirect" title="Glima">Glima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouren" title="Gouren">Gouren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacket_wrestling" title="Jacket wrestling">Jacket wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">Shuai jiao</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurash" title="Kurash">Kurash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_wrestling" title="Mongolian wrestling">Mongolian wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">Shoot wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ssireum" title="Ssireum">Ssireum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">Sumo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Styles_of_wrestling" title="Styles of wrestling">Styles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongmudo" title="Yongmudo">Yongmudo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu_gi" title="Brazilian jiu-jitsu gi">Brazilian jiu-jitsu gi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dohy%C5%8D" title="Dohyō">Dohyō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunbai" title="Gunbai">Gunbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judogi" title="Judogi">Judogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_headgear" title="Wrestling headgear">Wrestling headgear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_shoe" title="Wrestling shoe">Wrestling shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_singlet" title="Wrestling singlet">Wrestling singlet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Martial_arts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:LightPurple"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Martial_arts" title="Template:Martial arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Martial_arts" title="Template talk:Martial arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Martial_arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Martial arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Martial_arts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts" title="Martial arts">Martial arts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts" title="List of martial arts">List of styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_martial_arts" title="History of martial arts">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_timeline" title="Martial arts timeline">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mixed_martial_arts_records" title="List of mixed martial arts records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_and_soft_techniques" title="Hard and soft techniques">Hard and soft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: LightPurple;"><div id="Classification" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Classification</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts" title="List of martial arts">Regional origin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_European_martial_arts" title="Historical European martial arts">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_martial_arts" title="Indian martial arts">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_martial_arts" title="Indonesian martial arts">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_martial_arts" title="Italian martial arts">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_martial_arts" title="Irish martial arts">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_martial_arts" title="Japanese martial arts">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_martial_arts" title="Okinawan martial arts">Okinawa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_martial_arts" title="Korean martial arts">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia_martial_arts" title="Mainland Southeast Asia martial arts">Mainland Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_martial_arts" title="Filipino martial arts">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_martial_arts" title="Russian martial arts">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_martial_arts" title="Vietnamese martial arts">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hand-to-hand_combat" title="Hand-to-hand combat">Unarmed <br />techniques</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arm strikes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chokehold" title="Chokehold">Chokehold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(combat)" title="Punch (combat)">Punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbow_(strike)" title="Elbow (strike)">Elbow strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">Clinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_fighting" title="Ground fighting">Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headbutt" title="Headbutt">Headbutt</a></li></ul></li> <li>Leg strikes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Footwork_(martial_arts)" title="Footwork (martial arts)">Footwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick" title="Kick">Kick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_kick" title="Flying kick">Flying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee_(strike)" title="Knee (strike)">Knee strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stomp_(strike)" title="Stomp (strike)">Stomp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold" title="Grappling hold">Hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_lock" title="Joint lock">Joint lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweep_(martial_arts)" title="Sweep (martial arts)">Sweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takedown_(grappling)" title="Takedown (grappling)">Takedown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throw_(grappling)" title="Throw (grappling)">Throw</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_fighting" title="Stand-up fighting">Stand-up</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts_weapons" title="List of martial arts weapons">Weapons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duel" title="Duel">Duel</a></li> <li>Melee weapons <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knife_fight" title="Knife fight">Knife fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stick-fighting" title="Stick-fighting">Stick-fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swordsmanship" title="Swordsmanship">Swordsmanship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranged_weapon" title="Ranged weapon">Ranged weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archery" title="Archery">Archery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">Shooting</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Training" title="Training">Training</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kata" title="Kata">Kata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_glove" title="Boxing glove">Boxing glove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_practice_weapons" title="List of practice weapons">Practice weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punching_bag" title="Punching bag">Punching bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushing_hands" title="Pushing hands">Pushing hands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randori" title="Randori">Randori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparring" title="Sparring">Sparring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barr%C3%B3g" title="Barróg">Barróg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu" title="Brazilian jiu-jitsu">Brazilian jiu-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Para_judo" title="Para judo">Para judo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luta_Livre" title="Luta Livre">Luta Livre esportiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malla-yuddha" title="Malla-yuddha">Malla-yuddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehlwani" title="Pehlwani">Pehlwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">Shuai jiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">Sumo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_wrestling" title="Mongolian wrestling">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_wrestling" title="Oil wrestling">oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">shoot</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Strike_(attack)" title="Strike (attack)">Striking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bando" title="Bando">Bando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capoeira" title="Capoeira">Capoeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_boxing" title="Chess boxing">Chess boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choi_Kwang_Do" title="Choi Kwang Do">Choi Kwang Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dambe" title="Dambe">Dambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kun_Khmer" title="Kun Khmer">Kun Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethwei" title="Lethwei">Lethwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Praying_Mantis" title="Northern Praying Mantis">Northern Praying Mantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_boxing" title="Russian boxing">Russian boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanda_(sport)" title="Sanda (sport)">Sanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaolin_kung_fu" title="Shaolin kung fu">Shaolin kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_boxing" title="Shoot boxing">Shoot boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savate" title="Savate">Savate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Soo_Do" title="Tang Soo Do">Tang Soo Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tien_Shan_Pai" title="Tien Shan Pai">Tien Shan Pai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vovinam" title="Vovinam">Vovinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wudangquan" title="Wudangquan">Wudangquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshukai_Karate" title="Yoshukai Karate">Yoshukai Karate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">Internal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dait%C5%8D-ry%C5%AB_Aiki-j%C5%ABjutsu" title="Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu">Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baguazhang" title="Baguazhang">Baguazhang</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_chi" title="Tai chi">Tai chi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xingyiquan" title="Xingyiquan">Xingyiquan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Contact_sport#Full-contact" title="Contact sport">Full contact</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">combat sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_boxing" title="Professional boxing">Professional boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_contact_karate" title="Full contact karate">Full contact karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">Mixed martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">Pankration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shootfighting" title="Shootfighting">Shootfighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submission_wrestling" title="Submission wrestling">Submission wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vale_Tudo" title="Vale Tudo">Vale Tudo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Self-defense" title="Self-defense">Self-defense</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combatives" title="Combatives">combatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnis" title="Arnis">Arnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartitsu" title="Bartitsu">Bartitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapkido" title="Hapkido">Hapkido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajukenbo" title="Kajukenbo">Kajukenbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jieitaikakut%C5%8Djutsu" title="Jieitaikakutōjutsu">Jieitaikakutōjutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krav_Maga" title="Krav Maga">Krav Maga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program" title="Marine Corps Martial Arts Program">MCMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_Silat_Harimau" title="Pencak Silat Harimau">Pencak Silat Harimau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffrajitsu" title="Suffrajitsu">Suffrajitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systema" title="Systema">Systema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekkyon" title="Taekkyon">Taekkyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To-Shin_Do" title="To-Shin Do">To-Shin Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_Chun" title="Wing Chun">Wing Chun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silat_Melayu" title="Silat Melayu">Silat Melayu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eclecticism#Martial_arts" title="Eclecticism">Eclectic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_martial_arts" title="Hybrid martial arts">hybrids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Kenpo" title="American Kenpo">American Kenpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angampora" title="Angampora">Angampora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chun_Kuk_Do" class="mw-redirect" title="Chun Kuk Do">Chun Kuk Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokutoryu_Ju-Jutsu" title="Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu">Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeet_Kune_Do" title="Jeet Kune Do">Jeet Kune Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooto" title="Shooto">Shooto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorinji_Kempo" title="Shorinji Kempo">Shorinji Kempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unifight" title="Unifight">Unifight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qwan_Ki_Do" title="Qwan Ki Do">Qwan Ki Do</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battlefield" title="Battlefield">Battlefield</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banshay" title="Banshay">Banshay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bokator" title="Bokator">Bokator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_European_martial_arts" title="Historical European martial arts">Historical European martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huiyen_Lallong" title="Huiyen Lallong">Huiyen Lallong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krabi%E2%80%93krabong" title="Krabi–krabong">Krabi–krabong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krav_Maga" title="Krav Maga">Krav Maga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardani_khel" title="Mardani khel">Mardani khel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program" title="Marine Corps Martial Arts Program">Marine Corps Martial Arts Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_Silat_Harimau" title="Pencak Silat Harimau">Pencak Silat Harimau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_game" title="Fighting game">Fighting game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts film</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Chanbara</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">Professional wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_combat" title="Stage combat">Stage combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricking_(martial_arts)" title="Tricking (martial arts)">Tricking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: LightPurple;"><div id="International_games" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International games</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Olympic_sports" title="Olympic sports">Summer Olympics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Boxing at the Summer Olympics">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Fencing at the Summer Olympics">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Judo at the Summer Olympics">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate_at_the_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Karate at the Summer Olympics">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Taekwondo at the Summer Olympics">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the Summer Olympics">Wrestling</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a>)</li> <li>Demonstration sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budo_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Budo at the 1964 Summer Olympics">Budō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_dueling" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic dueling">Pistol dueling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glima_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Glima at the 1912 Summer Olympics">Glima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savate_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Savate at the 1924 Summer Olympics">Savate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/World_Games_sports" title="World Games sports">World Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ju-jitsu_at_the_World_Games" title="Ju-jitsu at the World Games">Ju-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate_at_the_World_Games" title="Karate at the World Games">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo_at_the_World_Games" title="Sumo at the World Games">Sumo</a></li> <li>Former official sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_at_the_World_Games" title="Sambo at the World Games">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li></ul></li> <li>Invitational sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" title="Wushu (sport)">Wushu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Games" title="Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" title="Wushu (sport)">Wushu</a></li> <li>2018 Only <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurash" title="Kurash">Kurash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/African_Games" title="African Games">African Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/European_Games" title="European Games">European Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muaythai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Martial_arts" title="Portal:Martial arts">Portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_martial_arts" title="Outline of martial arts">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_wrestling_competitions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wrestling" title="Template:Wrestling"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wrestling" title="Template talk:Wrestling"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wrestling" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wrestling"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_wrestling_competitions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International <a class="mw-selflink selflink">wrestling</a> competitions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Wrestling_Championships" title="World Wrestling Championships">World Championships</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U23_World_Wrestling_Championships" title="U23 World Wrestling Championships">U23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U20_World_Wrestling_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="U20 World Wrestling Championships">U20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U17_World_Wrestling_Championships" title="U17 World Wrestling Championships">U17</a></li></ul></li> <li>World Cup <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_World_Cup" title="Wrestling World Cup">Teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wrestling_Clubs_Cup" title="World Wrestling Clubs Cup">Clubs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_University_Wrestling_Championships" title="World University Wrestling Championships">World University Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Military_Wrestling_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Military Wrestling Championships (page does not exist)">World Military Championships</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Wrestling_Championships" title="African Wrestling Championships">African Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Wrestling_Championships" title="Asian Wrestling Championships">Asian Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Wrestling_Championships" title="European Wrestling Championships">European Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceania_Wrestling_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oceania Wrestling Championships (page does not exist)">Oceania Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Wrestling_Championships" title="Pan American Wrestling Championships">Pan American Championships</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi-sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worldwide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the Summer Olympics">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_Military_World_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the Military World Games (page does not exist)">Military World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Summer_Universiade" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrestling at the Summer Universiade">Universiade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_African_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the African Games (page does not exist)">African Games‎</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_Arab_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the Arab Games (page does not exist)">Arab Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Asian_Games" title="Wrestling at the Asian Games">Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Commonwealth_Games" title="Wrestling at the Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_European_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the European Games (page does not exist)">European Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Islamic_Solidarity_Games" title="Wrestling at the Islamic Solidarity Games">Islamic Solidarity Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Mediterranean_Games" title="Wrestling at the Mediterranean Games">Mediterranean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Pan_American_Games" title="Wrestling at the Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sub-regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_Southeast_Asian_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the Southeast Asian Games (page does not exist)">Southeast Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_Central_American_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the Central American Games (page does not exist)">Central American Games</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_Central_American_and_Caribbean_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the Central American and Caribbean Games (page does not exist)">Central American and Caribbean Games</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_South_American_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the South American Games (page does not exist)">South American Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Espoirs_Wrestling_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Espoirs Wrestling Championships (page does not exist)">Espoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Friendship_Games" title="Wrestling at the Friendship Games">Friendship Games</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wrestling_at_the_Goodwill_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wrestling at the Goodwill Games (page does not exist)">Goodwill Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Summer_Paralympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrestling at the Summer Paralympics">Paralympics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Beach_Wrestling_Championships" title="World Beach Wrestling Championships">Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Belt_Wrestling_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Belt Wrestling Championships (page does not exist)">Belt (Alysh)</a> <ul><li>Gi</li> <li>No-Gi</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Pahlavani_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Pahlavani Championships (page does not exist)">Pahlavani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Pankration_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Pankration Championships (page does not exist)">Pankration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Sambo_Championships" title="World Sambo Championships">Sambo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_World_Wrestling" title="United World Wrestling">United World Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="30px_Summer_Olympic_sports" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Summer_Olympic_sports" title="Template:Summer Olympic sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Summer_Olympic_sports" title="Template talk:Summer Olympic sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Summer_Olympic_sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Summer Olympic sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="30px_Summer_Olympic_sports" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/30px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/45px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/60px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="158" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Olympic_sports" title="Olympic sports">Summer Olympic sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mandatory sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquatic_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquatic sports">Aquatics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">Artistic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diving_(sport)" title="Diving (sport)">Diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_water_swimming" title="Open water swimming">Marathon Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swimming_(sport)" title="Swimming (sport)">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">Water polo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archery" title="Archery">Archery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_of_athletics" title="Sport of athletics">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badminton" title="Badminton">Badminton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3x3_basketball" title="3x3 basketball">3x3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoeing" title="Canoeing">Canoeing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_slalom" title="Canoe slalom">Canoe slalom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sprint" title="Canoe sprint">Canoe sprint</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_sport" title="Cycle sport">Cycling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMX_racing" title="BMX racing">BMX racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_BMX" title="Freestyle BMX">Freestyle BMX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike_racing" title="Mountain bike racing">Mountain biking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing" title="Road bicycle racing">Road cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_cycling" title="Track cycling">Track cycling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equestrianism" title="Equestrianism">Equestrian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dressage" title="Dressage">Dressage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eventing" title="Eventing">Eventing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show_jumping" title="Show jumping">Show jumping</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">Field hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf" title="Golf">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics" title="Gymnastics">Gymnastics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_gymnastics" title="Artistic gymnastics">Artistic gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythmic_gymnastics" title="Rhythmic gymnastics">Rhythmic gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trampolining" title="Trampolining">Trampolining</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handball" title="Handball">Handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_pentathlon" title="Modern pentathlon">Modern pentathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing_(sport)" title="Rowing (sport)">Rowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_sevens" title="Rugby sevens">Rugby sevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_(sport)" title="Sailing (sport)">Sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_sports" title="Shooting sports">Shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skateboarding" title="Skateboarding">Skateboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">Sport climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_tennis" title="Table tennis">Table tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennis" title="Tennis">Tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triathlon" title="Triathlon">Triathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">Volleyball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_volleyball" title="Beach volleyball">Beach volleyball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_weightlifting" title="Olympic weightlifting">Weightlifting</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">Freestyle wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman wrestling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discretionary sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a> / <a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">Softball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20" title="Twenty20">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_football" title="Flag football">Flag football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacrosse_sixes" title="Lacrosse sixes">Lacrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squash_(sport)" title="Squash (sport)">Squash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Paralympic_sports" title="Paralympic sports">Paralympic sports</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winter_Olympic_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Winter Olympic sports">Winter Olympic sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42486#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42486#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42486#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85148615">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01045752">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="zápas (sport)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph127747&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007529636205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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