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vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menú principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menú principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegación </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visitar a páxina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_da_comunidade" title="Información acerca do proxecto, do que pode facer e dos lugares onde atopar as cousas"><span>Portal da comunidade</span></a></li><li id="n-A-Taberna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:A_Taberna"><span>A Taberna</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Actualidade" title="Información acerca de acontecementos de actualidade"><span>Actualidade</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Cambios_recentes" title="A lista de modificacións recentes no wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Cambios recentes</span></a></li><li id="n-Artigos-de-calidade" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artigos_de_calidade"><span>Artigos de calidade</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Ao_chou" title="Cargar unha páxina ao chou [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Páxina ao chou</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Axuda" title="O lugar para informarse"><span>Axuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="a Wikipedia en galego" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-gl.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Procurar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Procurar neste wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Procura</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Procurar en Wikipedia" aria-label="Procurar en Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Procurar neste wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Procurar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Procurar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ferramentas persoais"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Cambia a aparencia do tamaño da fonte, o ancho e a cor da páxina" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparencia" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparencia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl" class=""><span>Doazóns</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Mandar%C3%ADn" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio" class=""><span>Crear unha conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Mandar%C3%ADn" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> 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</ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páxinas para os editores sen a sesión iniciada <a href="/wiki/Axuda:Introduci%C3%B3n" aria-label="Máis información sobre a edición"><span>máis información</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:As_mi%C3%B1as_contribuci%C3%B3ns" title="Unha lista das modificacións feitas desde este enderezo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucións</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:A_mi%C3%B1a_conversa" title="Conversa acerca de edicións feitas desde este enderezo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Denominacións" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denominacións"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Denominacións</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denominacións-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variantes_gramaticais_e_lexicais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variantes_gramaticais_e_lexicais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Variantes gramaticais e lexicais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variantes_gramaticais_e_lexicais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligazóns_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligazóns_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Ligazóns externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligazóns_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mandarín</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 110 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-110" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">110 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Mandarin" title="Bahsa Mandarin – achinés" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="achinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandaryns" title="Mandaryns – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mandaryns" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordchinesische_Dialekte" title="Nordchinesische Dialekte – alemán suízo" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Nordchinesische Dialekte" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán suízo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chin%C3%A9s_mandar%C3%ADn" title="Chinés mandarín – aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chinés mandarín" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="मंदारिन चीनी – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मंदारिन चीनी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ماندراين الصينية – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماندراين الصينية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%A1%DC%A2%DC%95%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܡܢܕܪܝܢܝܐ – arameo" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܡܢܕܪܝܢܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinu_mandar%C3%ADn" title="Chinu mandarín – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Chinu mandarín" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_%C3%A7inc%C9%99si" title="Mandarin çincəsi – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mandarin çincəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Mandarin" title="Basa Mandarin – balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intsik_na_Mandarin" title="Intsik na Mandarin – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Intsik na Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Паўночнакітайская мова – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўночнакітайская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мандарин – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мандарин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ম্যান্ডারিন চীনা ভাষা – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ম্যান্ডারিন চীনা ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarineg" title="Mandarineg – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mandarineg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C3%AD" title="Mandarí – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mandarí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1ng-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84_Gu%C4%83ng-u%C3%A2" title="Háng-ngṳ̄ Guăng-uâ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Háng-ngṳ̄ Guăng-uâ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minandarin" title="Minandarin – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Minandarin" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="چینیی ماندارین – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چینیی ماندارین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo%C4%8D%C3%ADnsk%C3%A9_dialekty" title="Severočínské dialekty – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Severočínské dialekty" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsieineeg_Mandarin" title="Tsieineeg Mandarin – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tsieineeg Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(sprog)" title="Mandarin (sprog) – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mandarin (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(Sprache)" title="Mandarin (Sprache) – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mandarin (Sprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinki" title="Mandarinki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mandarinki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boros_Mandarin" title="Boros Mandarin – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Boros Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Μανδαρινικά κινέζικα – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μανδαρινικά κινέζικα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cin%C3%A9%C5%9B_mandar%C3%A8in" title="Cinéś mandarèin – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Cinéś mandarèin" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mandarin Chinese" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord%C4%89ina_dialektaro" title="Nordĉina dialektaro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nordĉina dialektaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chino_mandar%C3%ADn" title="Chino mandarín – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chino mandarín" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinera" title="Mandarinera – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mandarinera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="چینی ماندارین – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چینی ماندارین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandariinikiina" title="Mandariinikiina – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mandariinikiina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(langue)" title="Mandarin (langue) – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mandarin (langue)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarynsk" title="Mandarynsk – frisón occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mandarynsk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisón occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Mhandair%C3%ADnis" title="An Mhandairínis – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Mhandairínis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BA" title="𐌺𐌹𐌸𐌹𐍃𐌺 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌹𐌸𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mandarin Chinese" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מנדרינית – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנדרינית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मन्दारिन भाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मन्दारिन भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mandarin Chinese" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinski_kineski_jezik" title="Mandarinski kineski jezik – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mandarinski kineski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_nyelv" title="Mandarin nyelv – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mandarin nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_chinese_mandarin" title="Lingua chinese mandarin – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua chinese mandarin" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Mandarin" title="Bahasa Mandarin – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insik_a_Mandarin" title="Insik a Mandarin – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Insik a Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C3%ADn" title="Mandarín – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mandarín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinese_mandarino_(variet%C3%A0_linguistica)" title="Cinese mandarino (varietà linguistica) – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cinese mandarino (varietà linguistica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%A9%B1" title="官話 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="官話" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Mandharin" title="Basa Mandharin – xavanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Mandharin" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="xavanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C9%9B%C9%9B_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Mandarɛɛ kʊnʊŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Mandarɛɛ kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಮ್ಯಾಂಡರಿನ್ ಭಾಷೆ – kannará" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮ್ಯಾಂಡರಿನ್ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%80%ED%99%94" title="관화 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="관화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C3%AEn" title="Mandarîn – kurdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mandarîn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Mandarina" title="Lingua Mandarina – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Mandarina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_shino_mandarin" title="Idioma shino mandarin – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Idioma shino mandarin" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_mandarinn-a" title="Lengua mandarinn-a – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengua mandarinn-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kin%C5%B3_mandarin%C5%B3_kalba" title="Kinų mandarinų kalba – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kinų mandarinų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar%C4%ABnu_valoda" title="Mandarīnu valoda – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mandarīnu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_mandarina" title="Fiteny mandarina – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny mandarina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Mandarin" title="Bahaso Mandarin – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Мандарински јазик – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мандарински јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="മാൻഡറിൻ – malabar" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാൻഡറിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मँडरिन भाषा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मँडरिन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Mandarin" title="Bahasa Mandarin – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lh%C3%A9ngua_mandarin" title="Lhéngua mandarin – mirandés" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lhéngua mandarin" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%9B%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8(%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8)" title="မန်ဒရင်း(ဘာသာစကား) – birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မန်ဒရင်း(ဘာသာစကား)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ماندارین – mazandaraní" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ماندارین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin – baixo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81" title="मन्डारिन चिनियाँ – nepalí" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मन्डारिन चिनियाँ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मन्दारिन भाषा – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मन्दारिन भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarijn_(taal)" title="Mandarijn (taal) – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mandarijn (taal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinspr%C3%A5k" title="Mandarinspråk – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mandarinspråk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Mandarin (språk) – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mandarin (språk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮੈਂਡਰਿਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – panxabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੈਂਡਰਿਨ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panxabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chines_mandarin" title="Chines mandarin – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Chines mandarin" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_mandary%C5%84skie" title="Języki mandaryńskie – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Języki mandaryńskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_cin%C3%A8isa_mandarin-a" title="Lenga cinèisa mandarin-a – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga cinèisa mandarin-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86_%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C" title="مینڈارن چینی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مینڈارن چینی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_mandarim" title="Língua mandarim – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua mandarim" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinchay_Han_simi" title="Chinchay Han simi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chinchay Han simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_mandarin%C4%83" title="Limba mandarină – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba mandarină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Севернокитайский язык – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Севернокитайский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मन्दारिनभाषा – sánscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मन्दारिनभाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sánscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinu" title="Mandarinu – siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mandarinu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Cheenese" title="Mandarin Cheenese – escocés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mandarin Cheenese" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarinski_jezik" title="Mandarinski jezik – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mandarinski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mandarin Chinese" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_Mandarin" title="Gjuha Mandarin – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Мандарински језик – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мандарински језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Mandarin (språk) – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mandarin (språk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimandarini" title="Kimandarini – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kimandarini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="மாண்டரின் மொழி – támil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாண்டரின் மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="támil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ภาษาจีนกลาง – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาจีนกลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Mandarin" title="Wikang Mandarin – tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Мандарин кытай теле – tártaro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мандарин кытай теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tártaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мандаринська мова – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мандаринська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86_%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C" title="مینڈارن چینی – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مینڈارن چینی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quan_tho%E1%BA%A1i" title="Quan thoại – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quan thoại" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin" title="Mandarin – valón" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinaknan_Mandarin" title="Yinaknan Mandarin – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Yinaknan Mandarin" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%AF%AD" title="北语 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="北语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bujdunghva" title="Bujdunghva – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bujdunghva" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="官话 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="官话" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%A9%B1" title="官話 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="官話" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0n-g%C3%AD_Koa%E2%81%BF-%C5%8De" title="Hàn-gí Koaⁿ-ōe – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hàn-gí Koaⁿ-ōe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%A9%B1" title="官話 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="官話" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">agochar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" cellpadding="2" align="right" width="269px"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="font-size:120%; text-align: center; color: black; background-color: salmon">Mandarín<br /><i>北方话, běifāng huà</i></th></tr><tr><td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Pronuncia:</td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">"běifāng huà", de acordo coas regras do <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Outros nomes:</td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">北方話 en escrita chinesa tradicional</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Falado en: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_China" title="República Popular da China">República Popular da China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiw%C3%A1n" title="Taiwán">Taiwán</a> (Formosa), <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a></td></tr><tr><td style="top; padding-left: 0.5em;">Rexións: </td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Leste de <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Total de falantes: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">885 millóns</td></tr><tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Lista_de_linguas_por_n%C3%BAmero_de_falantes" title="Lista de linguas por número de falantes">Posición</a>: </td><td style="padding-left: 0.5em;" colspan="2"> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Familia_de_linguas" title="Familia de linguas">Familia</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_sino-tibetanas" title="Linguas sino-tibetanas">Sino-tibetana</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Linguas_chinesas" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguas chinesas">Linguas chinesas</a><br />  <b>Mandarín</b></td></tr><tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; padding-left: 0.5em; color: black; background-color: salmon">Status oficial</th> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> Lingua oficial de: </td><td colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> o <a href="/wiki/Mandar%C3%ADn_est%C3%A1ndar" title="Mandarín estándar">mandarín estándar</a> (普通话/pǔtōnghuà) é oficial na <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_China" title="República Popular da China">República Popular da China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiw%C3%A1n" title="Taiwán">Taiwán</a> (Formosa), <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a> </td></tr><tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> Regulado por: </td><td colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> <i>sen regulación oficial</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; padding-left: 0.5em; color: black; background-color: salmon">Códigos de lingua </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-1: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><code>zh</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">ISO 639-2: </td> <td colspan="1" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><code>chi (B)</code></td><td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em;"><code>zho (T)</code></td></tr><tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> ISO 639-3: </td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> <code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/cmn">cmn</a></code> </td></tr><tr><td style="padding-left: 0.5em;" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue#Código_SIL" title="Ethnologue">SIL</a>: </td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><code>CHN</code> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; padding-left: 0.5em; color: black; background-color: salmon">Mapa </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"></td></tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0; vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Mandarin_and_Jin_in_China.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mandarin_and_Jin_in_China.png/300px-Mandarin_and_Jin_in_China.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mandarin_and_Jin_in_China.png/450px-Mandarin_and_Jin_in_China.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mandarin_and_Jin_in_China.png/600px-Mandarin_and_Jin_in_China.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="670" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; padding-left: 0.5em; color: black; background-color: salmon">Status </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table role="presentation" class="metadata mbox-small noprint selfref" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit;width: 22em;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Zhongwen.svg/40px-Zhongwen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Zhongwen.svg/60px-Zhongwen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Zhongwen.svg/80px-Zhongwen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="30" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist" style="vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%;">Este artigo amosa <a href="/wiki/Escrita_chinesa" title="Escrita chinesa">escritos chineses</a>. Sen o <a href="/wiki/Axuda:Caracteres_especiais" title="Axuda:Caracteres especiais">soporte axeitado</a>, o texto pode mostrar símbolos sen sentido, coma caixas, marcas e outros.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>O <b>mandarín</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> (北方話<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup>, 北方话<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, běifāng huà <sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>, "fala do norte") como termo xeral refírese ao conxunto de dialectos chineses mutuamente intelixíbeis que se fala no norte, centro e suroeste da <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_China" title="República Popular da China">China continental</a>. </p><p>Non hai que confundilo coa outra acepción de mandarín, non obxecto deste artigo, a do <a href="/wiki/Mandar%C3%ADn_est%C3%A1ndar" title="Mandarín estándar">mandarín estándar</a> ou padrón (普通話<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 普通话<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>pǔtōnghuà</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>, "lingua común", tamén chamada 漢語<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 汉语<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>hànyǔ</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>, "lingua dos Hàn" <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup>, o cal se refire á lingua oficial da <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_China" title="República Popular da China">República Popular da China</a> desde <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>, a lingua oficial de <a href="/wiki/Taiw%C3%A1n" title="Taiwán">Taiwán</a> (Formosa), e unha das catro linguas oficiais de <a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a>. </p><p>O mandarín escríbese por medio de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinograma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinograma (a páxina aínda non existe)">sinogramas</a>, que son susceptíbeis de ser <a href="/wiki/Transcrici%C3%B3n" title="Transcrición">transcritos</a> en caracteres románicos, na actualidade o máis frecuentemente en <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a> (como na maioría dos artigos da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>), mais tamén en <a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bopomofo">bopomofo</a>. </p><p>O mandarín (a miúdo chamado simplemente <i><a href="/wiki/Lingua_chinesa" title="Lingua chinesa">chinés</a></i>) é a lingua máis falada do mundo (debido á elevada poboación da China). Porén, aínda cando hoxe é ensinado a todos os chineses, os máis vellos non falan todos o mandarín senón outras <a href="/wiki/Linguas_chinesas" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguas chinesas">linguas chinesas</a>, como o <a href="/wiki/Lingua_cantonesa" title="Lingua cantonesa">cantonés</a>, ou distintas como o <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tibetana" title="Lingua tibetana">tibetano</a> ou o <a href="/wiki/Lingua_mongol" title="Lingua mongol">mongol</a>. O mandarín, que os dirixentes <a href="/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo">comunistas</a> designaron como a <a href="/wiki/Lingua_vehicular" title="Lingua vehicular">lingua vehicular</a> da súa nación enteira (de aí o termo <i>pǔtōnghuà</i>, «lingua común»), era primitivamente o idioma das comunidades chinesas do norte do país. Mesmo posuíndo unha antiga historia literaria, o mandarín non deriva da <a href="/wiki/Chin%C3%A9s_cl%C3%A1sico" title="Chinés clásico">lingua clásica</a> literaria e artificial (文言 <i>wényán</i>), abandonada en <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>, logo de ter sido utilizada como lingua escrita oficial e literariamente durante máis de dous mil anos; por contra, foi dunha <a href="/wiki/Lingua_vern%C3%A1cula" title="Lingua vernácula">lingua vernácula</a> falada (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chin%C3%A9s_falado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chinés falado (a páxina aínda non existe)">白話 <i>báihuà</i></a>, «lingua simple») da que procede o mandarín. En <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>, foi a variante de <a href="/wiki/Pequ%C3%ADn" title="Pequín">Pequín</a> a promovida ao rango de lingua oficial, sendo considerada a miúdo como a variante patrón deste idioma. O mandarín de Pequín posúe, porén, peculiaridades (como a utilización frecuente da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Retroflexi%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retroflexión (a páxina aínda non existe)">retroflexión</a> vocálica marcada por medio do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sufixo_-er&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sufixo -er (a páxina aínda non existe)">sufixo -er</a>) e dise tamén que os pequineses teñen un «acento». O mandarín dun taiwanés será, porén, moi pouco diferente do dun pequinés. </p><p>Fóra da <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_China" title="República Popular da China">China</a>, hai importantes comunidades chinesas que comparten esta lingua, a cal é ensinada en numerosos colexios e universidades do mundo. </p><p>Como as outras linguas chinesas, é unha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_de_tons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua de tons (a páxina aínda non existe)">lingua de tons</a>. Emprega catro <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonemas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonemas (a páxina aínda non existe)">tonemas</a>, que cambian o sentido ou significado da palabra, alto e chan, ascendente, lixeiramente descendente logo ascendente (modulado) e descendente. </p><p>Os tons son representados na <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Popular_da_China" title="República Popular da China">China</a> por tiles sobre das vogais das sílabas da escrita <a href="/wiki/Romanizaci%C3%B3n_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)" title="Romanización (lingüística)">romanizada</a> dita <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a> e, en <a href="/wiki/Taiw%C3%A1n" title="Taiwán">Taiwán</a>, polas mesmas tiles sobre dos <a href="/wiki/Grafema" title="Grafema">grafemas</a> do <a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bopomofo">bopomofo</a>. Tamén se utiliza o número do ton no final da <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADlaba" title="Sílaba">sílaba</a> cando as dificultades técnicas (<a href="/wiki/Teclado_de_ordenador" title="Teclado de ordenador">teclado</a> etc) impiden colocar ou ler os tiles. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Denominacións"><span id="Denominaci.C3.B3ns"></span>Denominacións</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Denominacións»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Denominacións"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O termo <a href="/wiki/Lingua_galega" title="Lingua galega">galego</a> -usado tamén noutras linguas europeas- procede do <a href="/wiki/Lingua_portuguesa" title="Lingua portuguesa">portugués</a> <i>mandarim</i> (á súa vez tomado do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_malaia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua malaia) (a páxina aínda non existe)">malaio</a> <i>mentari</i> ou <i>mantari</i>, neste idioma é empréstito do <a href="/wiki/Lingua_s%C3%A1nscrita" title="Lingua sánscrita">sánscrito</a> <i>mantrin-</i>, é dicir «<a href="/wiki/Ministro_(goberno)" title="Ministro (goberno)">ministro</a>») ; é a tradución do chinés 官話/官话 <i>guānhuà</i>, que significa literalmente « lingua dos mandaríns » (maxistrados do <a href="/wiki/Imperio_chin%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Imperio chinés">Imperio chinés</a>). O termo <i>guānhuà</i> considérase unha denominación arcaica polos sinófonos de hoxe en día. </p><p>Na República Popular da China, a lingua é nomeada 普通話<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 普通话<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>pǔtōnghuà</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>, «lingua común» ou 國語<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 国语, guóyǔ<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>{{{3}}}</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> «lingua nacional». En <a href="/wiki/Taiw%C3%A1n" title="Taiwán">Taiwán</a> denomínase oficialmente 國語<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 国语<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>guóyǔ</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>. Nas comunidades chinesas do estranxeiro, especialmente no Sueste asiático, a lingua é coñecida como 華語<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 华语<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>huáyǔ</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>, «lingua chinesa» 華<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 华 <sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>huá</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> é unha palabra que designa de xeito principal a cultura chinesa). O termo <i>Hanyu</i> 漢語 sinala o conxunto dos dialectos da etnia Han, e non só o mandarín: así, o cantonés é unha variante do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanyu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanyu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Hanyu</a>, («lingua dos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chineses_Han&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chineses Han (a páxina aínda non existe)">Han</a>»), do mesmo rango que o mandarín. Pola súa pronunciación (especialmente a presenza ou non de consoantes finais diferentes de <i>n</i>), os distintos dialectos poden ser máis ou menos próximos ao chinés arcaico. A este respecto, o <i>hakka</i> e o <i>cantonés</i> están máis próximos á lingua orixinal do que o mandarín. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variantes_gramaticais_e_lexicais">Variantes gramaticais e lexicais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Variantes gramaticais e lexicais»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Variantes gramaticais e lexicais"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail principal"> <dl><dd><span><span><i>Artigo principal</i><i>:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dialectos_mandar%C3%ADns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dialectos mandaríns (a páxina aínda non existe)">Dialectos mandaríns</a>.</span></span></dd></dl></div> <p>Dende un punto de vista oficial, como xa se dixo, hai dúas variantes mandaríns, posto que o goberno de Pekín refire o mandarín do continente como se fose a<i>pǔtōnghuà</i>, «lingua común», mentres que o goberno de <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> cita a súa lingua oficial como <i>kuo-yü</i> (國語<sup id="cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> / 国语<sup id="cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup>, <i>guóyǔ</i><sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup>), «lingua nacional». Oficialmente, o <i>pǔtōnghuà</i> inclúe as pronuncias de varias rexións, mentres que o <i>kuo-yü</i> está baseado teoricamente só sobre os <a href="/wiki/Fonema" title="Fonema">fonemas</a> do mandarín de Pekin. A comparación entre os dicionarios das dúas zonas mostra que ha algunhas diferenzas substanciais. Porén, ambas as dúas versións do mandarín escolar son abondo diferentes do mandarín coloquial, que de feito se fala, o cal sufriu o influxo das variantes rexionais. </p><p>Aínda máis, todas as variantes do mandarín non son directa e mutuamente intelixíbeis. Para ser máis precisos, segundo o <a href="/w/index.php?title=SIL_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SIL International (a páxina aínda non existe)">SIL</a> (Summer Institute of Languages): </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6856698">.mw-parser-output .flexquote{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border-left:3px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);font-size:90%;margin:1em 4em;padding:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.quote{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.separator{border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);margin:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.cite{text-align:right}@media all and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{flex-direction:column}}</style> <blockquote class="flexquote"> <div class="flex"> <div class="quote">As variedades do mandarín da meseta inferior de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shaanxi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shaanxi (a páxina aínda non existe)">Shaanxi</a> non son directamente intelixíbeis co putonghua. As variantes do mandarín de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guilin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guilin (a páxina aínda non existe)">Guilin</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Kunming" title="Kunming">Kunming</a> son fundamentalmente inintelixíbeis para os falantes do putonghua.</div> </div> </blockquote> <p>Porén, os falante educados que viven nas cidades do Suroeste, como Guilin e Kunming falan un <i>pǔtōnghuà</i> bastante correcto en lugar da súa lingua ancestral. </p><p>Na China do Norte, en <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>, e noutras áreas onde se fala a <i>lingua do Norte</i>, denominadas « variantes locais do mandarín », é de feito unha das linguas maternas dos falantes desas zonas. A educación masiva no mandarín non eliminou as diferenzas rexionais anteriores. No Sur, as interferencias entre o mandarín e outras lingua chinesas deron lugar a aparición de versións locais da <i>lingua do Norte</i>, que son abondo diferentes do mandarín oficial padrón, tanto na pronunciación como na gramática. Por exemplo, o mandarín falado en Taiwán polos estudantes que falan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taiwan%C3%A9s_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taiwanés (lingüística) (a páxina aínda non existe)">taiwanés</a> (un dialecto de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Min-nan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Min-nan (a páxina aínda non existe)">min do Sur</a>) ou <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hakka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hakka (a páxina aínda non existe)">hakka</a>, como lingua materna, é polo xeral realizado cunha gramática e un acento que o fan diferente do <i>kuo-yü</i> normalizado, orixinando unha versión do mandarín comunmente denominado <i>mandarín de Taiwán</i>. </p><p>Pese a que o mandarín sexa considerado como a lingua estándar, falar mandarín sen acento local, ou usar o mandarín en lugar do dialecto local, pode facer pasar o locutor como un estranxeiro ou como alguén <i>non normal</i>. De aí que a maior parte dos falantes, incluídos os dirixentes políticos, non se esforcen en falar o mandarín consonte o acento padrón oficial. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Definicións no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://academia.gal/dicionario/-/termo/mandar%C3%ADn"><i>Dicionario da Real Academia Galega</i></a> e no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portaldaspalabras.gal/dicionario/procura/mandar%C3%ADn">Portal das Palabras</a> para <i>mandarín</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chines_tradicional-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-3">2,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-4">2,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-5">2,5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-6">2,6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-7">2,7</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_tradicional_2-8">2,8</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Escrita chinesa tradicional</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chines_simplificado-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-1">3,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-2">3,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-3">3,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-4">3,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-5">3,5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-6">3,6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-7">3,7</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chines_simplificado_3-8">3,8</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Escrita chinesa simplificada</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pinyin-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-2">4,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-3">4,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-4">4,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-5">4,5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-6">4,6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-7">4,7</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_4-8">4,8</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Transcrición pinyin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Os Hàn é a <a href="/wiki/Etnia" title="Etnia">etnia</a> maioritaria na <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-redirect" title="China">China</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag-map_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag-map_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag-map_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag-map_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag-map_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/80px-Flag-map_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="973" data-file-height="819" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">A Galipedia ten un <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">portal</a> sobre: <i><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China</a></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_chinesa" title="Lingua chinesa">Lingua chinesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligazóns_externas"><span id="Ligaz.C3.B3ns_externas"></span>Ligazóns externas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Ligazóns externas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandar%C3%ADn&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Ligazóns externas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.a-china.info/dicionario">Dicionario Chinés mandarín -Portugués</a></li> <li><i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinese-dictionary.org">Multilingual Chinese dictionary</a> Dicionario online de lingua chinesa.</li> <li><i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglesa" title="Lingua inglesa">inglés</a>)</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clearchinese.com/chinese-english-dictionary.htm">Chinese-English dictionary</a> Dicionario online Mandarín/Inglés e Inglés/Mandarín.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Linguas_sino-tibetanas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Modelo:Linguas_sino-tibetanas" title="Modelo:Linguas sino-tibetanas"><abbr title="Ver o modelo">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-conversa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conversa_modelo:Linguas_sino-tibetanas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conversa modelo:Linguas sino-tibetanas (a páxina aínda non existe)"><abbr title="Conversa do modelo">c</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modelo:Linguas_sino-tibetanas&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar o modelo">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Linguas_sino-tibetanas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_sino-tibetanas" title="Linguas sino-tibetanas">Linguas sino-tibetanas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_hruso-miji" title="Linguas hruso-miji">Hruso-Miji</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_hruso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua hruso (a páxina aínda non existe)">Hruso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_miji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua miji (a páxina aínda non existe)">Miji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_kho-bwa" title="Linguas kho-bwa">Kho-Bwa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_puroik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua puroik (a páxina aínda non existe)">Puroik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_bugun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua bugun (a páxina aínda non existe)">Bugun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_sherdukpen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua sherdukpen (a páxina aínda non existe)">Sherdukpen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_sartang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua sartang (a páxina aínda non existe)">Sartang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_chug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua chug (a páxina aínda non existe)">Chug</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_lish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua lish (a páxina aínda non existe)">Lish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_si%C3%A1ngicas" title="Linguas siángicas">Siángico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_koro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua koro (a páxina aínda non existe)">Koro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_milang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua milang (a páxina aínda non existe)">Milang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_digaro" title="Linguas digaro">Digaro</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_idu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua idu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Idu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_taraon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua taraon (a páxina aínda non existe)">Taraon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_n%C3%BAngicas" title="Linguas núngicas">Núngico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_trung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua trung (a páxina aínda non existe)">Trung</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_anong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua anong (a páxina aínda non existe)">Anong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_rawang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua rawang (a páxina aínda non existe)">Rawang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_kar%C3%A9nicas" title="Linguas karénicas">Karénico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_pa%27o" title="Lingua pa'o">Pa'o</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_kayah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua kayah (a páxina aínda non existe)">Kayah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_padaung" title="Lingua padaung">Kayan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_bwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua bwe (a páxina aínda non existe)">Bwe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_pwo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua pwo (a páxina aínda non existe)">Pwo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_sgaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua sgaw (a páxina aínda non existe)">Sgaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lingua_gong" title="Lingua gong">Gong</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_gong" title="Lingua gong">Gong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lingua_chinesa" title="Lingua chinesa">Chinés</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mandarín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_wu" title="Lingua wu">Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_gan" title="Lingua gan">Gan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_xiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua xiang (a páxina aínda non existe)">Xiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguas_min" title="Linguas min">Min</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_min_dong" title="Lingua min dong">Min dong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_min_nam" title="Lingua min nam">Min nam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_hakka" title="Lingua hakka">Hakka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_yue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua yue (a páxina aínda non existe)">Yue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_cantonesa" title="Lingua cantonesa">Cantonés</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lingua_tujia" title="Lingua tujia">Tujia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_tujia" title="Lingua tujia">Tujia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_burmo-qi%C3%A1ngicas" title="Linguas burmo-qiángicas">Burmo-Qiángico</a><br />(Oriental)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_chamdo" title="Linguas chamdo">Chamdo</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_lamo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua lamo (a páxina aínda non existe)">Lamo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_larong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua larong (a páxina aínda non existe)">Larong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_drag-yab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua drag-yab (a páxina aínda non existe)">Drag-yab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_horpa-lavrung" title="Linguas horpa-lavrung">Horpa-Lavrung</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_horpa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua horpa (a páxina aínda non existe)">Horpa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_lavrung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua lavrung (a páxina aínda non existe)">Lavrung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_gyalrong" title="Linguas gyalrong">Gyalrong</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_zbu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua zbu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Zbu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_japhug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua japhug (a páxina aínda non existe)">Japhug</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_tshobdun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua tshobdun (a páxina aínda non existe)">Tshobdun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_situ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua situ (a páxina aínda non existe)">Situ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_qi%C3%A1ngicas" title="Linguas qiángicas">Qiángico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_tangut" title="Lingua tangut">Tangut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_qiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua qiang (a páxina aínda non existe)">Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_guiqiong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua guiqiong (a páxina aínda non existe)">Guiqiong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_choyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua choyo (a páxina aínda non existe)">Choyo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_zhaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua zhaba (a páxina aínda non existe)">Zhaba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_muya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua muya (a páxina aínda non existe)">Muya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_ers%C3%BAicas" title="Linguas ersúicas">Ersúico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ersu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua ersu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Ersu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_tosu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua tosu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Tosu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_lizu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua lizu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Lizu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_naicas" title="Linguas naicas">Naico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_namuyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua namuyi (a páxina aínda non existe)">Namuyi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_xumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua xumi (a páxina aínda non existe)">Xumi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_naxi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua naxi (a páxina aínda non existe)">Naxi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_lolo-birmanas" title="Linguas lolo-birmanas">Lolo-Birmano</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_m%C3%B3ndzicas" title="Linguas móndzicas">Móndzico</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_b%C3%BArmicas" title="Linguas búrmicas">Búrmico</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_loloicas" title="Linguas loloicas">Loloico</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Lingua_bai" title="Lingua bai">Bai</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_bai" title="Lingua bai">Bai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_cai-long" title="Linguas cai-long">Cai-Long</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_caijia" title="Lingua caijia">Caijia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_longjia" title="Lingua longjia">Longjia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_luren" title="Lingua luren">Luren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occidental</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_himalaias_occidentais" title="Linguas himalaias occidentais">Himalaias Occidentais</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_dura" title="Lingua dura">Dura</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_kiranti" title="Linguas kiranti">Kiranti</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_lepcha" title="Lingua lepcha">Lepcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_ole" title="Lingua ole">Ole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_gongduk" title="Lingua gongduk">Gongduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_tshangla" title="Lingua tshangla">Tshangla</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_tani" title="Linguas tani">Tani</a></b></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_raji-raute" title="Linguas raji-raute">Raji-Raute</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_raji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua raji (a páxina aínda non existe)">Raji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_raute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua raute (a páxina aínda non existe)">Raute</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_rawat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua rawat (a páxina aínda non existe)">Rawat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_mag%C3%A1ricas" title="Linguas magáricas">Magárico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_kham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua kham (a páxina aínda non existe)">Kham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_magar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua magar (a páxina aínda non existe)">Magar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_chepang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua chepang (a páxina aínda non existe)">Chepang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_bhujel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua bhujel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Bhujel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_b%C3%B3dicas" title="Linguas bódicas">Bódico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_tam%C3%A1ngicas" title="Linguas tamángicas">Tamángico</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_kaike" title="Lingua kaike">Kaike</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_tib%C3%A9ticas" title="Linguas tibéticas">Tibético</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_b%C3%B3dicas_orientais" title="Linguas bódicas orientais">Bódico Oriental</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_basum" title="Lingua basum">Basum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_new%C3%A1ricas" title="Linguas newáricas">Newárico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_newar" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua newar">Newar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_baram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua baram (a páxina aínda non existe)">Baram</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_thami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua thami (a páxina aínda non existe)">Thami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_dhim%C3%A1licas" title="Linguas dhimálicas">Dhimálico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_dhimal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua dhimal (a páxina aínda non existe)">Dhimal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_toto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua toto (a páxina aínda non existe)">Toto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_lhokpu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua lhokpu (a páxina aínda non existe)">Lhokpu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_miju-meyor" title="Linguas miju-meyor">Miju-Meyor</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_miju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua miju (a páxina aínda non existe)">Miju</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_meyor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua meyor (a páxina aínda non existe)">Meyor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_sino-tibetanas_centrais" title="Linguas sino-tibetanas centrais">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_taman" title="Lingua taman">Taman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_pyu" title="Lingua pyu">Pyu</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_mru-khongso" title="Linguas mru-khongso">Mru-Khongso</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_mru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua mru (a páxina aínda non existe)">Mru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_anu-khongso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua anu-khongso (a páxina aínda non existe)">Anu-Khongso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_sal" title="Linguas sal">Sal</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_bodo-garo" title="Linguas bodo-garo">Bodo-Garo</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_konyak" title="Linguas konyak">Konyak</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_jingpho" title="Lingua jingpho">Jingpho</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_luicas" title="Linguas luicas">Luico</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Linguas_kuki-chin-naga" title="Linguas kuki-chin-naga">Kuki-Chin-Naga</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_angami-pochuri" title="Linguas angami-pochuri">Angami-Pochuri</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_nagas_centrais" title="Linguas nagas centrais">Naga Central (Ao)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_karbi" title="Lingua karbi">Karbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_meitei" title="Lingua meitei">Meitei</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_nagas_occidentais" title="Linguas nagas occidentais">Naga Occidental (Zeme)</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_tangkh%C3%BAlicas" title="Linguas tangkhúlicas">Tangkhúlico</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_koki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua koki (a páxina aínda non existe)">Koki</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_nagas_meridionais" title="Linguas nagas meridionais">Naga Meridional</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Linguas_kuki-chin" title="Linguas kuki-chin">Kuki-Chin</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protolingua" title="Protolingua">Protolinguas</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_proto-tibeto-birmana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua proto-tibeto-birmana (a páxina aínda non existe)">Proto-Tibeto-Birmano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li>Os grupos lingüísticos están en <b>letra grosa</b>.</li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9192" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q9192">Q9192</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300388127">300388127</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mandarin-language">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/cmn">cmn</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mand1415">mand1415</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4303978-9">4303978-9</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85080423">sh85080423</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Linguasphere: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hortensj-garden.org/index.php?tnc=1&tr=lsr&nid=79-AAA-b">79-AAA-b</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">MAG: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/138954614">138954614</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa" title="Biblioteca Nacional da República Checa">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph903813">ph903813</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Atlas_of_Language_Structures" title="World Atlas of Language Structures">WALS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_kug">kug</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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