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class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>The Welsh language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Welsh_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IPA_for_Welsh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IPA_for_Welsh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>IPA for Welsh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPA_for_Welsh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Welsh_alphabet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Welsh_alphabet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>The Welsh alphabet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Welsh_alphabet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vowels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vowels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Vowels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vowels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diphthongs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diphthongs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Diphthongs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diphthongs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consonants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consonants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Consonants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consonants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Welsh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interproject-box sister-wikipedia sister-project noprint floatright"><div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/44px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/66px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/88px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left: 60px;">English <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article on:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Welsh" class="extiw" title="w:Help:IPA/Welsh">Help:IPA/Welsh</a></b></div></div><span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Welsh" class="extiw" title="w:Help:IPA/Welsh">Wikipedia </a></span></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81571951">.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{font-size:90%;width:250px;padding:4px;text-align:left;background:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue,#f9f9f9);border:var(--border-color-base,#aaa)1px solid}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:1.5;width:100%;max-width:100%}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81571951"><div class="sister-wikipedia sister-project noprint"><div class="floatright interproject-box"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Wikibooks-logo-en.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Wikibooks-logo-en.svg/75px-Wikibooks-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Wikibooks-logo-en.svg/100px-Wikibooks-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Wikibooks has more about this subject: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Welsh/Pronunciation" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Welsh/Pronunciation">Welsh/Pronunciation</a></b></i></div> </div> </div></div><p><span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Welsh/Pronunciation" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Welsh/Pronunciation">Wikibooks <sup></sup></a></span> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Welsh_language">The Welsh language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The Welsh language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Welsh language (called <a href="/wiki/Cymraeg" title="Cymraeg">Cymraeg</a> in Welsh) has 28 letters. The Latin alphabet is used (i.e. as in English, French, Polish, etc.), but letters sometimes represent different sounds in Welsh, which can be confusing to English speakers. </p><p>There are no silent letters. Every letter has a sound, and the sound is vocalized in spoken Welsh. The letters K, Q, V, X and Z are not included in the Welsh alphabet, but are sometimes found in borrowed words. When present, these letters have their English sounds, except for Z, which tends to be /s/ in North Wales. </p><p>There are regional differences in Welsh pronunciation, but standard Welsh is understood by Welsh speakers everywhere. The pronunciation guide below approximates the Welsh letter sounds by using standard English examples. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IPA_for_Welsh">IPA for Welsh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: IPA for Welsh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The charts below show the way in which the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA) represents Welsh pronunciations in Wiktionary entries. </p><p>See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:Welsh phonology">Welsh phonology</a> at Wikipedia for a more thorough look at the sounds of Welsh. </p> <table border="0" style="background: none"> <tbody><tr><td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Consonants </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English equivalent </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">b</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/bach#Welsh" title="bach"><b>b</b>ach</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cwbl#Welsh" title="cwbl">cw<b>b</b>l</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/mab#Welsh" title="mab">ma<b>b</b></a></span><br /><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Sbaen#Welsh" title="Sbaen">S<b>b</b>aen</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-sbsdsg_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbsdsg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>b</b>e<br />S<b>p</b>ain </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">d</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/dydd#Welsh" title="dydd"><b>d</b>ydd</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cadw#Welsh" title="cadw">ca<b>d</b>w</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tad#Welsh" title="tad">ta<b>d</b></a></span><br /><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/stafell#Welsh" title="stafell">s<b>t</b>afell</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-sbsdsg_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbsdsg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>d</b>o<br />s<b>t</b>able </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">dʒ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/diawl#Welsh" title="diawl"><b>di</b>awl</a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">colloquial</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/garej#Welsh" title="garej">gare<b>j</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>j</b>ust </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ð</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/ddydd#Welsh" title="ddydd"><b>dd</b>y<b>dd</b></a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/deuddeg#Welsh" title="deuddeg">deu<b>dd</b>eg</a></span> </td> <td><b>th</b>e </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">f</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/ffenest#Welsh" title="ffenest"><b>ff</b>enest</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cyffredin#Welsh" title="cyffredin">cy<b>ff</b>redin</a></span>, ei <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/phen#Welsh" title="phen"><b>ph</b>en</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/triphlyg#Welsh" title="triphlyg">tri<b>ph</b>lyg</a></span>, </td> <td><b>f</b>ind </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɡ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/gl%C3%A2n#Welsh" title="glân"><b>g</b>lân</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cegin#Welsh" title="cegin">ce<b>g</b>in</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cig#Welsh" title="cig">ci<b>g</b></a></span><br /><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/sg%C3%B4r#Welsh" title="sgôr">s<b>g</b>ôr</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-sbsdsg_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbsdsg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>g</b>et<br />s<b>c</b>ore </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">h</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/haul#Welsh" title="haul"><b>h</b>aul</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/gwahanol#Welsh" title="gwahanol">gwa<b>h</b>anol</a></span> </td> <td><b>h</b>ave </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">j</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/iaith#Welsh" title="iaith"><b>i</b>aith</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/geiriadur#Welsh" title="geiriadur">geir<b>i</b>adur</a></span> </td> <td><b>y</b>ou </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">k</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cig#Welsh" title="cig"><b>c</b>ig</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/acw#Welsh" title="acw">a<b>c</b>w</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/ac#Welsh" title="ac">a<b>c</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>c</b>an </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">l</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/leicio#Welsh" title="leicio"><b>l</b>eicio</a></span>, ei <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/lyfr#Welsh" title="lyfr"><b>l</b>yfr</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Alban#Welsh" title="Alban">A<b>l</b>ban</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/bol#Welsh" title="bol">bo<b>l</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>l</b>ike </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɬ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/llyfr#Welsh" title="llyfr"><b>ll</b>yfr</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cyllell#Welsh" title="cyllell">cy<b>ll</b>e<b>ll</b></a></span> </td> <td><i>No English equivalent; similar to the voiceless l in</i> p<b>l</b>ease <i>but with considerably more friction</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">m</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/mab#Welsh" title="mab"><b>m</b>ab</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cymaint#Welsh" title="cymaint">cy<b>m</b>aint</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/dim#Welsh" title="dim">di<b>m</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>m</b>e </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">m̥</span></span> </td> <td>fy <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/mhen#Welsh" title="mhen"><b>mh</b>en</a></span> </td> <td>wor<b>mh</b>ole </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">n</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/nerth#Welsh" title="nerth"><b>n</b>erth</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/anadlu#Welsh" title="anadlu">a<b>n</b>adlu</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/gwyn#Welsh" title="gwyn">gwy<b>n</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>n</b>o </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">n̥</span></span> </td> <td>fy <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/nhad#Welsh" title="nhad"><b>nh</b>ad</a></span> </td> <td>u<b>nh</b>appy </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ŋ</span></span> </td> <td>fy <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/ngwely#Welsh" title="ngwely"><b>ng</b>wely</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/rhwng#Welsh" title="rhwng">rhw<b>ng</b></a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/dangos#Welsh" title="dangos">da<b>ng</b>os</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>thi<b>ng</b>, fi<b>ng</b>er </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ŋ̊</span></span> </td> <td>yng <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Nghymru#Welsh" title="Nghymru"><b>Ngh</b>ymru</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/anghywir#Welsh" title="anghywir">a<b>ngh</b>ywir</a></span> </td> <td>Sha<b>ngh</b>ai </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">p</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/pen#Welsh" title="pen"><b>p</b>en</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/copa#Welsh" title="copa">co<b>p</b>a</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/map#Welsh" title="map">ma<b>p</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>p</b>lease </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">r</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/radio#Welsh" title="radio"><b>r</b>adio</a></span>, ei <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/restr#Welsh" title="restr"><b>r</b>estr</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/garw#Welsh" title="garw">ga<b>r</b>w</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/d%C5%B5r#Welsh" title="dŵr">dŵ<b>r</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>r</b>ight <i>but trilled</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">r̥</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/rhestr#Welsh" title="rhestr"><b>rh</b>estr</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/anrheg#Welsh" title="anrheg">an<b>rh</b>eg</a></span> </td> <td><i>Voiceless r as in</i> p<b>r</b>etty <i>but trilled</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">s</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Saesnes#Welsh" title="Saesnes"><b>S</b>ae<b>s</b>ne<b>s</b></a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=swsus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="swsus (page does not exist)"><b>s</b>i<b>s</b>i<b>s</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>s</b>ee </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ʃ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/siop#Welsh" title="siop"><b>si</b>op</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/brwsh#Welsh" title="brwsh">brw<b>sh</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>sh</b>e </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">t</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tatws#Welsh" title="tatws"><b>t</b>a<b>t</b>ws</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/at#Welsh" title="at">a<b>t</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>t</b>ime </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">tʃ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=matsien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="matsien (page does not exist)">ma<b>tsi</b>en</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cwtsh#Welsh" title="cwtsh">cw<b>tsh</b></a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/wats#Welsh" title="wats">wa<b>ts</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>ch</b>ance </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">θ</span></span> </td> <td>ei <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/thad#Welsh" title="thad"><b>th</b>ad</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/athro#Welsh" title="athro">a<b>th</b>ro</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/peth#Welsh" title="peth">pe<b>th</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>th</b>ink </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">v</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/faint#Welsh" title="faint"><b>f</b>aint</a></span>, ei <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/fab#Welsh" title="fab"><b>f</b>ab</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/afal#Welsh" title="afal">a<b>f</b>al</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/arf#Welsh" title="arf">ar<b>f</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>v</b>ery </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">w</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/wedyn#Welsh" title="wedyn"><b>w</b>edyn</a></span>, ei <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/wraig#Welsh" title="wraig"><b>w</b>raig</a></span> </td> <td><b>w</b>as </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">χ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/chwaer#Welsh" title="chwaer"><b>ch</b>waer</a></span>, ei <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/chath#Welsh" title="chath"><b>ch</b>ath</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/bwlch#Welsh" title="bwlch">bwl<b>ch</b></a></span> </td> <td><i>No common English equivalent; Scots</i> lo<b>ch</b> <i>or Yinglish</i> <b>ch</b>utzpah </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">z</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/sw#Welsh" title="sw"><b>s</b>w</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/bysys#Welsh" title="bysys">bysy<b>s</b></a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">South Wales</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td><b>z</b>oo </td></tr></tbody></table> </td><td width="2em"></td><td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Monophthongs </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English equivalents </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">a</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/sant#Welsh" title="sant">s<b>a</b>nt</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=p%C3%A0s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="pàs (page does not exist)">p<b>à</b>s</a></span> </td> <td>p<b>a</b>nt, f<b>a</b>n </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">aː</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/mab#Welsh" title="mab">m<b>a</b>b</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/s%C3%A2l#Welsh" title="sâl">s<b>â</b>l</a></span> </td> <td>f<b>a</b>ther </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">eː</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/peth#Welsh" title="peth">p<b>e</b>th</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tr%C3%AAn#Welsh" title="trên">tr<b>ê</b>n</a></span> </td> <td>f<b>a</b>ce <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">but monophthongal, as in Welsh English</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ə</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/ynysig#Welsh" title="ynysig"><b>y</b>n<b>y</b>sig</a></span> </td> <td><b>a</b>bout </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɛ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/perth#Welsh" title="perth">p<b>e</b>rth</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/m%C3%A8s#Welsh" title="mès">m<b>è</b>s</a></span> </td> <td>w<b>e</b>ll </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">iː</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/hir#Welsh" title="hir">h<b>i</b>r</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/t%C3%AEm#Welsh" title="tîm">t<b>î</b>m</a></span><br /><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/llun#Welsh" title="llun">ll<b>u</b>n</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/b%C3%BBm#Welsh" title="bûm">b<b>û</b>m</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cryf#Welsh" title="cryf">cr<b>y</b>f</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/t%C5%B7#Welsh" title="tŷ">t<b>ŷ</b></a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">South Wales</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td>b<b>e</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɪ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/dim#Welsh" title="dim">d<b>i</b>m</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/sg%C3%ACl#Welsh" title="sgìl">sg<b>ì</b>l</a></span><br /><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/punt#Welsh" title="punt">p<b>u</b>nt</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/gwyn#Welsh" title="gwyn">gw<b>y</b>n</a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">South Wales</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td><b>i</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɨː</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/llun#Welsh" title="llun">ll<b>u</b>n</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/b%C3%BBm#Welsh" title="bûm">b<b>û</b>m</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cryf#Welsh" title="cryf">cr<b>y</b>f</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/t%C5%B7#Welsh" title="tŷ">t<b>ŷ</b></a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">North Wales</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td>t<b>ea</b>, k<b>ee</b>n </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɨ̞</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/punt#Welsh" title="punt">p<b>u</b>nt</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/gwyn#Welsh" title="gwyn">gw<b>y</b>n</a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">North Wales</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td>f<b>i</b>n, p<b>i</b>nch </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">oː</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/bro#Welsh" title="bro">br<b>o</b></a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/%C3%B4l#Welsh" title="ôl"><b>ô</b>l</a></span> </td> <td>r<b>oa</b>r, th<b>aw</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɔ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/bron#Welsh" title="bron">br<b>o</b>n</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/b%C3%B2s#Welsh" title="bòs">b<b>ò</b>s</a></span> </td> <td>cl<b>o</b>th </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">uː</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/mwg#Welsh" title="mwg">m<b>w</b>g</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/d%C5%B5r#Welsh" title="dŵr">d<b>ŵ</b>r</a></span> </td> <td>y<b>ou</b>, f<b>oo</b>l </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ʊ</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cwm#Welsh" title="cwm">c<b>w</b>m</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/m%E1%BA%81g#Welsh" title="mẁg">m<b>ẁ</b>g</a></span> </td> <td>g<b>oo</b>d </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Diphthongs </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">North Wales</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></th> <th>IPA <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">South Wales</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English equivalents </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ai̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="3"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ai̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tai#Welsh" title="tai">t<b>ai</b></a></span> </td> <td><b>eye</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">aɨ̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cau#Welsh" title="cau">c<b>au</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">aːɨ̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cae#Welsh" title="cae">c<b>ae</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">aːi̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=dram%C3%A2u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="dramâu (page does not exist)">dram<b>âu</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">aːi̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=c%C3%A2i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="câi (page does not exist)">c<b>âi</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">au̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">au̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/llawn#Welsh" title="llawn">ll<b>aw</b>n</a></span> </td> <td>c<b>ow</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">aːu̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/llaw#Welsh" title="llaw">ll<b>aw</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ei̯</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-ei_eu_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ei_eu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ei̯</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-ei_eu_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ei_eu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tei#Welsh" title="tei">t<b>ei</b></a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">most accents</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td>d<b>ay</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">eɨ̯</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-ei_eu_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ei_eu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/teulu#Welsh" title="teulu">t<b>eu</b>lu</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/gaeaf#Welsh" title="gaeaf">g<b>ae</b>af</a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">most accents</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">eːu̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɛu̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/llew#Welsh" title="llew">ll<b>ew</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">əi̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">əi̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=y%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="y'i (page does not exist)">y'<b>i</b></a></span><br /><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tai#Welsh" title="tai">t<b>ei</b></a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">some dialects</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">əɨ̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/y%27u#Welsh" title="y'u">y'<b>u</b></a></span><br /><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tai#Welsh" title="tai">t<b>eu</b>lu</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/gaeaf#Welsh" title="gaeaf">g<b>ae</b>af</a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">some dialects</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɛu̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɛu̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/ewch#Welsh" title="ewch"><b>ew</b>ch</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɪu̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɪu̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/lliw#Welsh" title="lliw">ll<b>iw</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɨ̞u̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Duw#Welsh" title="Duw">D<b>uw</b></a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/llyw#Welsh" title="llyw">ll<b>yw</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ou̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ou̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=llowcio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="llowcio (page does not exist)">ll<b>ow</b>cio</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">oːi̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">oːi̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/tr%C3%B4i#Welsh" title="trôi">tr<b>ôi</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">oːɨ̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="3"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɔi̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/oes#Welsh" title="oes"><b>oe</b>s</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɔi̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/w/index.php?title=lloi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="lloi (page does not exist)">ll<b>oi</b></a></span> </td> <td>b<b>oy</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ɔɨ̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/cyffrous#Welsh" title="cyffrous">cyffr<b>ou</b>s</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">uːɨ̯</span></span> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ʊi̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/mwy#Welsh" title="mwy">m<b>wy</b></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ʊɨ̯</span></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/mwyaf#Welsh" title="mwyaf">m<b>wy</b>af</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Other symbols used in transcription of Welsh pronunciation </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th>Explanation </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="IPA">ˈ</span></span> </td> <td>Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), for example <i class="Latn mention" lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/ysgrifenyddes#Welsh" title="ysgrifenyddes">ysgrifenyddes</a></i> <span class="IPA">/əsɡrɪvɛˈnəðɛs/</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sbsdsg-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-sbsdsg_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-sbsdsg_1-1">1.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-sbsdsg_1-2">1.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">The distinction between voiced and voiceless stops is neutralized after <span class="IPA">/s/</span>, where they are realized as voiceless unaspirated stops [sp st sk], in Welsh as in English. Although in English the voiceless phonemes <span class="IPA">/p t k/</span> are considered to be underlying, in Welsh it is traditional to consider the voiced phonemes <span class="IPA">/b d ɡ/</span> as underlying, a practice we continue at Wiktionary.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><i>dangos</i> has a voiced velar plosive after the velar nasal, <span class="IPA">/ŋɡ/</span>, as in English <i>finger</i>. However its usual pronunciation in north Wales is without the <span class="IPA">/ɡ/</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text">The long counterpart to short <span class="IPA">/a/</span> is sometimes misleadingly transcribed <span class="IPA">/ɑ/</span>. This is often found in solely quality-distinctive transcriptions to avoid using a length mark. The actual pronunciation of the long low vowel is <span class="IPA">[aː]</span>, which makes the vowel pair unique in that there is no significant quality difference.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ei_eu-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ei_eu_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ei_eu_4-1">4.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ei_eu_4-2">4.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">The diphthongs <span class="IPA">/ei̯/</span> and <span class="IPA">/eɨ̯/</span> are traditionally transcribed <span class="IPA">/əi̯/</span> and <span class="IPA">/əɨ̯/</span>, but this pronunciation is no longer current in most accents.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Welsh_alphabet">The Welsh alphabet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Welsh alphabet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vowels">Vowels</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Vowels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The vowels are A, E, I, O, U, W, and Y. All the vowels can be lengthened by the addition of a <a href="/wiki/circumflex" title="circumflex">circumflex</a>, properly called <i>acen grom</i> ('convex accent', or 'crooked accent') in Welsh, but often known by the familiar/juvenile name <i>to bach</i> (lit. 'little roof'). </p> <dl><dd><b>a</b> is always as in <i>can, ham</i>, or <i>man</i>, never long as in <i>may</i>. The Welsh words <a href="/wiki/am" title="am">am</a> and <a href="/wiki/ac" title="ac">ac</a> are pronounced as they would be in English.</dd> <dd><b>e</b> by itself is always as in <i>get, pet, and let</i>. However, the letter E has a different sound in the three <a href="/wiki/diphthong" title="diphthong">diphthongs</a>.</dd> <dd><b>i</b> has the I sound as in <i>bin or pin</i>, or a long E sound as in <i>seen or queen</i>.</dd> <dd><b>o</b> has the O sound as in <i>hot</i> or the long sound as in <i>toe</i>.</dd> <dd><b>u</b> has the sound of long EE, as in <i>see</i>.</dd> <dd><b>w</b> has the sound of OO as in <i>boot</i> and <i>shoot</i>, or of U as in <i>pull</i>. Note, however, that W can also be used as a consonant with the English W sound.</dd> <dd><b>y</b> has two different sounds. In one-syllable words (<i>llyn</i>), and in the last syllable of polysyllabic words (<i>estyn</i>), it is a shortened EE sound as at the end of <i>happy</i>. (Note the different sound in <i>ywy</i>, however). In other contexts (in non-final syllables of polysyllabic words) it is pronounced as the obscure vowel <a href="/wiki/schwa" title="schwa">schwa</a>, as in the first syllable of the English word <i>about</i> (e.g. <i>ystyr</i>, pronounced <i>uh s t ii r</i>, where <i>uh</i> represents schwa).</dd> <dd>The preceding rules for <i>y</i> apply to South Welsh accents. In areas of North Wales, the non-schwa pronunciation of <i>y</i> is less like English <i>EE</i> and more of a guttural sound, formed further back in the mouth.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Diphthongs">Diphthongs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Diphthongs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b>Ae, Ai</b> and <b>Au</b> are all pronounced as English <i>eye</i>.</dd> <dd><b>Aw</b> has the sound of <i>ow</i> as in <i>how</i> and <i>now</i>.</dd> <dd><b>Eu</b> and <b>Ei</b> are pronounced as long A, or the <i>ay</i> sound in <i>say</i>.</dd> <dd><b>Ew</b> is difficult for English speakers because there is no direct equivalent. It is approximately <i>eh-oo</i> or <i>ow-oo</i>, but the correct sound is between those examples.</dd> <dd><b>Iw</b> or <b>I'w</b> is <i>ee-you</i> with the <i>ee</i> sound very short. It is similar to the English <i>yew</i>.</dd> <dd><b>Oe</b> has the sound of <i>Oi</i> or <i>Oy</i>.</dd> <dd><b>Ow</b> is pronounced the same as English <i>row, tow</i>, or <i>throw</i>.</dd> <dd><b>Wy</b> has the sound of <i>oo-ee</i> or a short Wi sound as in <i>win</i>.</dd> <dd><b>Yw</b> or <b>Y'w</b> is the same as <b>Iw</b> above.</dd> <dd><b>Ywy</b> (considered a diphthong even though it has three letters) has the sound of <i>ow-ee</i> as in the name <i>Howie</i>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Consonants">Consonants</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Consonants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>B</b> is the same as English B as in <i>beer</i>.</li> <li><b>C</b> is the Welsh K. It is always hard, as in <i>can</i> or <i>cane</i>, never soft as in <i>once</i>.</li> <li><b>Ch</b> is a glottal Kh sound, as in the Scottish <i>loch</i>.</li> <li><b>D</b> is the same as English D as in <i>dog</i>.</li> <li><b>Dd</b> has the sound of voiced TH, as in <i>this</i> or <i>there</i>.</li> <li><b>F</b> always has the sound of V, as in <i>have</i> or <i>very</i>.</li> <li><b>Ff</b> is the same as English F as in <i>first</i>.</li> <li><b>G</b> is always hard as in <i>go</i> or <i>good</i>, never soft as in <i>manage</i>.</li> <li><b>Ng</b> has the English NG sound as in <i>singer</i>, though in some words it has the NG+G sound of <i>finger</i>.</li> <li><b>H</b> is the same as English H, but it is always pronounced, never silent.</li> <li><b>J</b> is found only in loanwords and has the same value as English J in <i>jet</i>.</li> <li><b>L</b> is the same as English L as in <i>long</i>.</li></ul> <table class="plainlinks ombox mbox-small ombox-notice" style="float: right; float:right"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td class="mbox-text" style="line-height:1.1em;"> <div class="haudio"> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div>Sound file of the Welsh <i>ll</i> sound</div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li><b>Ll</b> is a sound with no English equivalent. It is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless alveolar lateral fricative">voiceless alveolar lateral fricative</a> formed by pronouncing L while allowing air to escape around the tongue; the English <i>thl</i> of <i>a<u>thl</u>ete</i> (or <i><u>sl</u>at</i> pronounced with a lisp) is vaguely similar.</li> <li><b>M</b> is the same as English M as in <i>many</i>.</li> <li><b>N</b> is the same as English N as in <i>no</i> or <i>never</i>.</li> <li><b>P</b> is the same as English P as in <i>poor</i> or <i>party</i>.</li> <li><b>Ph</b> is the same as <b>ff</b></li> <li><b>R</b> is the same as English R as in <i>right</i>, but tapped.</li> <li><b>Rh</b> is pronounced as HR; that is, a slight H sound comes before the R sound.</li> <li><b>S</b> is the same as English S as in <i>say</i>.</li> <li><b>Si</b> is the same as English Sh as in <i>show</i>.</li> <li><b>T</b> is the same as English T as in <i>turn</i>.</li> <li><b>Th</b> is English voiceless TH, as in <i>think</i> or <i>three</i>. Note difference from the voiced Dd.</li> <li><b>W</b>, when used as a consonant, has the English W sound as in <i>work</i>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&oldid=79441098">https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation&oldid=79441098</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_appendices" title="Category:Welsh appendices">Welsh appendices</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pronunciation_by_language" title="Category:Pronunciation by language">Pronunciation by language</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wiktionary_pages_with_shortcuts" title="Category:Wiktionary pages with shortcuts">Wiktionary pages with shortcuts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Welsh_links_with_redundant_target_parameters" title="Category:Welsh links with redundant target parameters">Welsh links with redundant target parameters</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 May 2024, at 03:23.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Definitions and other text are available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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