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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Isaiah 5:3 "And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/isaiah/5-3.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/15/23_Isa_05_03.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Isaiah 5:3 - The Song of the Vineyard" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard." /><script type="application/javascript" 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id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/isaiah/5-2.htm" title="Isaiah 5:2">◄</a> Isaiah 5:3 <a href="/isaiah/5-4.htm" title="Isaiah 5:4">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Study Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Crossref </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Hebrew </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/isaiah/5.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/isaiah/5.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />&#8220Now you dwellers in Jerusalem and people of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/isaiah/5.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Now, you people of Jerusalem and Judah, you judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/isaiah/5.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/isaiah/5.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />“And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/isaiah/5.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/isaiah/5.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />“And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge, please, between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/isaiah/5.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />“And now, you inhabitants of Jerusalem and people of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/isaiah/5.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/isaiah/5.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />“And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/isaiah/5.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />“So now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Please judge between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/isaiah/5.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />“And now, <i>says the L<i>ORD</i></i>, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge between Me and My vineyard (My people).<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/isaiah/5.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />So now, residents of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/isaiah/5.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />So now, residents of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between Me and My vineyard. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/isaiah/5.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/isaiah/5.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Listen, people of Jerusalem and of Judah! You be the judge of me and my vineyard. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/isaiah/5.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/isaiah/5.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Now then, you inhabitants of Jerusalem and Judah, judge between me and my vineyard!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/isaiah/5.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />So now my friend says, "You people who live in Jerusalem and Judah, judge between my vineyard and me. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/isaiah/5.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />"So now, you inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge, won't you please, between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/isaiah/5.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />“And now, O dwellers of Jerusalem and men of Judah, I exhort you to judge between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/isaiah/5.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />So now, residents of Jerusalem, people of Judah, you decide between me and my vineyard! <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/isaiah/5.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />"Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/isaiah/5.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/isaiah/5.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />“Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/isaiah/5.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And now, O inhabitant of Jerusalem and man of Judah, "" Please judge between Me and My vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/isaiah/5.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And now, O inhabitant of Jerusalem, and man of Judah, Judge, I pray you, between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/isaiah/5.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And now, ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge ye now, between me and between my vineyard.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/isaiah/5.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And now, O ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and ye men of Juda, judge between me and my vineyard. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/isaiah/5.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Now then, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah: judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/isaiah/5.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem, people of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/isaiah/5.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />And now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and people of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/isaiah/5.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And now, O men of Judah, and inhabitants of Jerusalem, judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/isaiah/5.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Now, men of Judea, and inhabitants of Jerusalem, judge between me and my vineyard<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/isaiah/5.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, Judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/isaiah/5.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And now, ye dwellers in Jerusalem, and <i>every</i> man of Juda, judge between me and my vineyard.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/isaiah/5-3.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xv9bHT-nr9s?start=879" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/isaiah/5.htm">The Song of the Vineyard</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">2</span>He dug it up and cleared the stones and planted the finest vines. He built a watchtower in the middle and dug out a winepress as well. He waited for the vineyard to yield good grapes, but the fruit it produced was sour! <span class="reftext">3</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/6258.htm" title="6258: wə·‘at·tāh (Conj-w:: Adv) -- Now. From eth; at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive.">“And now,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3427.htm" title="3427: yō·wō·šêḇ (V-Qal-Prtcpl-msc) -- A primitive root; properly, to sit down; by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry.">O dwellers</a> <a href="/hebrew/3389.htm" title="3389: yə·rū·šā·lim (N-proper-fs) -- Probably foundation of peace, capital city of all Isr. ">of Jerusalem</a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: wə·’îš (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term.">and men</a> <a href="/hebrew/3063.htm" title="3063: yə·hū·ḏāh (N-proper-ms) -- From yadah; celebrated; Jehudah, the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory.">of Judah,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4994.htm" title="4994: nā (Interjection) -- I (we) pray, now. ">I exhort</a> <a href="/hebrew/8199.htm" title="8199: šip̄·ṭū- (V-Qal-Imp-mp) -- To judge, govern. ">you to judge</a> <a href="/hebrew/996.htm" title="996: bê·nî (Prep:: 1cs) -- An interval, space between. ">between Me</a> <a href="/hebrew/996.htm" title="996: ū·ḇên (Conj-w:: Prep) -- An interval, space between. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/3754.htm" title="3754: kar·mî (N-msc:: 1cs) -- A vineyard. From an unused root of uncertain meaning; a garden or vineyard.">and My vineyard.</a> </span><span class="reftext">4</span>What more could I have done for My vineyard than I already did for it? Why, when I expected sweet grapes, did it bring forth sour fruit?…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/21-33.htm">Matthew 21:33-41</a></span><br />Listen to another parable: There was a landowner who planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a winepress in it, and built a tower. Then he rented it out to some tenants and went away on a journey. / When the harvest time drew near, he sent his servants to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit. / But the tenants seized his servants. They beat one, killed another, and stoned a third. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/12-1.htm">Mark 12:1-9</a></span><br />Then Jesus began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a wine vat, and built a watchtower. Then he rented it out to some tenants and went away on a journey. / At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. / But they seized the servant, beat him, and sent him away empty-handed. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/20-9.htm">Luke 20:9-16</a></span><br />Then He proceeded to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard, rented it out to some tenants, and went away for a long time. / At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat the servant and sent him away empty-handed. / So he sent another servant, but they beat him and treated him shamefully, sending him away empty-handed. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/2-5.htm">Jeremiah 2:5</a></span><br />This is what the LORD says: “What fault did your fathers find in Me that they strayed so far from Me? They followed worthless idols, and became worthless themselves.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/2-21.htm">Jeremiah 2:21</a></span><br />I had planted you like a choice vine from the very best seed. How could you turn yourself before Me into a rotten, wild vine?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hosea/10-1.htm">Hosea 10:1</a></span><br />Israel was a luxuriant vine, yielding fruit for himself. The more his fruit increased, the more he increased the altars. The better his land produced, the better he made the sacred pillars.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/80-8.htm">Psalm 80:8-16</a></span><br />You uprooted a vine from Egypt; You drove out the nations and transplanted it. / You cleared the ground for it, and it took root and filled the land. / The mountains were covered by its shade, and the mighty cedars with its branches. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/15-1.htm">Ezekiel 15:1-8</a></span><br />Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying, / “Son of man, how does the wood of the vine surpass any other branch among the trees in the forest? / Can wood be taken from it to make something useful? Or can one make from it a peg on which to hang utensils? ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/19-10.htm">Ezekiel 19:10-14</a></span><br />Your mother was like a vine in your vineyard, planted by the water; it was fruitful and full of branches because of the abundant waters. / It had strong branches, fit for a ruler’s scepter. It towered high above the thick branches, conspicuous for its height and for its dense foliage. / But it was uprooted in fury, cast down to the ground, and the east wind dried up its fruit. Its strong branches were stripped off and they withered; the fire consumed them. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/23-37.htm">Matthew 23:37</a></span><br />O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/9-30.htm">Romans 9:30-33</a></span><br />What then will we say? That the Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have obtained it, a righteousness that is by faith; / but Israel, who pursued a law of righteousness, has not attained it. / Why not? Because their pursuit was not by faith, but as if it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone, ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/11-17.htm">Romans 11:17-24</a></span><br />Now if some branches have been broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others to share in the nourishment of the olive root, / do not boast over those branches. If you do, remember this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you. / You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/15-1.htm">John 15:1-8</a></span><br />“I am the true vine, and My Father is the keeper of the vineyard. / He cuts off every branch in Me that bears no fruit, and every branch that does bear fruit, He prunes to make it even more fruitful. / You are already clean because of the word I have spoken to you. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/micah/6-2.htm">Micah 6:2-3</a></span><br />Hear, O mountains, the LORD’s indictment, you enduring foundations of the earth. For the LORD has a case against His people, and He will argue it against Israel: / ‘My people, what have I done to you? Testify against Me how I have wearied you!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/amos/3-1.htm">Amos 3:1-2</a></span><br />Hear this word that the LORD has spoken against you, O children of Israel, against the whole family that I brought up out of the land of Egypt: / “Only you have I known from all the families of the earth; therefore I will punish you for all your iniquities.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, between me and my vineyard.</p><p class="hdg">judge</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/50-4.htm">Psalm 50:4-6</a></b></br> He shall call to the heavens from above, and to the earth, that he may judge his people… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/51-4.htm">Psalm 51:4</a></b></br> Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and done <i>this</i> evil in thy sight: that thou mightest be justified when thou speakest, <i>and</i> be clear when thou judgest.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/jeremiah/2-4.htm">Jeremiah 2:4,5</a></b></br> Hear ye the word of the LORD, O house of Jacob, and all the families of the house of Israel: … </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/songs/1-13.htm">Betwixt</a> <a href="/psalms/72-9.htm">Dwellers</a> <a href="/psalms/99-1.htm">Inhabitant</a> <a href="/psalms/107-34.htm">Inhabitants</a> <a href="/isaiah/4-4.htm">Jerusalem</a> <a href="/isaiah/3-8.htm">Judah</a> <a href="/isaiah/3-14.htm">Judge</a> <a href="/isaiah/1-26.htm">Judges</a> <a href="/isaiah/2-6.htm">Please</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-1.htm">Vine-Garden</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-1.htm">Vineyard</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/jeremiah/39-4.htm">Betwixt</a> <a href="/isaiah/9-2.htm">Dwellers</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-9.htm">Inhabitant</a> <a href="/isaiah/8-14.htm">Inhabitants</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-14.htm">Jerusalem</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-7.htm">Judah</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-16.htm">Judge</a> <a href="/isaiah/24-23.htm">Judges</a> <a href="/isaiah/19-12.htm">Please</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-4.htm">Vine-Garden</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-4.htm">Vineyard</a><div class="vheading2">Isaiah 5</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/5-1.htm">Under the parable of a vineyard, God excuses his severe judgment</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/5-8.htm">His judgments upon covetousness</a></span><br><span class="reftext">11. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/5-11.htm">Upon lasciviousness</a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/5-13.htm">Upon impiety</a></span><br><span class="reftext">20. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/5-20.htm">And upon injustice</a></span><br><span class="reftext">26. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/isaiah/5-26.htm">The executioners of God's judgments</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script><br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading"><a href="/study/isaiah/5.htm">Berean Study Bible</a></div><b>And now</b><br />This phrase serves as a transition, indicating a shift in focus or urgency. In the context of Isaiah, it marks a moment of divine appeal and judgment. The Hebrew word "וְעַתָּה" (ve'atah) suggests immediacy and a call to attention. It is a divine summons, urging the audience to pause and reflect on the gravity of the situation. This is a pivotal moment where God is about to present His case, emphasizing the seriousness of the forthcoming judgment.<p><b>O dwellers of Jerusalem</b><br />The term "dwellers" refers to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the city central to Jewish identity and worship. Jerusalem, often called the "City of David," holds significant historical and spiritual importance as the location of the Temple, the heart of Jewish worship. The Hebrew word "יֹשְׁבֵי" (yoshevei) implies those who reside or inhabit, suggesting a deep connection to the land and its spiritual heritage. This call is directed to those who are intimately familiar with God's laws and expectations.<p><b>and men of Judah</b><br />Judah, one of the twelve tribes of Israel, represents the southern kingdom, known for its lineage of kings and its role in maintaining the Davidic line. The Hebrew "אִישׁ" (ish) for "men" denotes individuals with responsibility and authority. By addressing both the dwellers of Jerusalem and the men of Judah, the verse encompasses all societal levels, from common residents to leaders, highlighting the collective responsibility of the people in their covenant relationship with God.<p><b>judge between Me and My vineyard</b><br />The imagery of a vineyard is a recurring motif in Scripture, symbolizing Israel as God's cherished possession. The Hebrew word "שָׁפְטוּ" (shoftu) for "judge" implies making a decision or rendering a verdict. This is a call for introspection and discernment, inviting the people to evaluate their actions and the resulting consequences. The vineyard represents God's investment and care, and the call to judge signifies a divine challenge to recognize their failures in upholding their covenantal duties. This phrase underscores the theme of accountability and the expectation of fruitfulness in response to God's nurturing.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/isaiah/5.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(3) <span class= "bld">And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem</span>.--"The song of the vineyard" comes to an end and becomes the text of a discourse in which Jehovah, as the "Beloved" of the song, speaks through the prophet. Those to whom the parable applies are invited, as David was by Nathan, to pass an unconscious judgment on themselves. (Comp. <a href="/context/matthew/21-40.htm" title="When the lord therefore of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those farmers?">Matthew 21:40-41</a>, as an instance of the same method.)<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/isaiah/5.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 3.</span> - The prophet's "song" here ends, and Jehovah himself takes the word. As if the story told in the parable had been a fact, he calls on the men of Judah and Jerusalem to "judge between him and his vineyard." Compare Nathan's appeal to David by the parable of the ewe lamb (<a href="/2_samuel/12-1.htm">2 Samuel 12:1-4</a>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/isaiah/5-3.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">And now,</span><br /><span class="heb">וְעַתָּ֛ה</span> <span class="translit">(wə·‘at·tāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Adverb<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6258.htm">Strong's 6258: </a> </span><span class="str2">At this time</span><br /><br /><span class="word">O dwellers</span><br /><span class="heb">יוֹשֵׁ֥ב</span> <span class="translit">(yō·wō·šêḇ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3427.htm">Strong's 3427: </a> </span><span class="str2">To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Jerusalem</span><br /><span class="heb">יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם</span> <span class="translit">(yə·rū·šā·lim)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3389.htm">Strong's 3389: </a> </span><span class="str2">Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and men</span><br /><span class="heb">וְאִ֣ישׁ</span> <span class="translit">(wə·’îš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_376.htm">Strong's 376: </a> </span><span class="str2">A man as an individual, a male person</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Judah,</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוּדָ֑ה</span> <span class="translit">(yə·hū·ḏāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3063.htm">Strong's 3063: </a> </span><span class="str2">Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">I exhort</span><br /><span class="heb">נָ֕א</span> <span class="translit">(nā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Interjection<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4994.htm">Strong's 4994: </a> </span><span class="str2">I pray', 'now', 'then'</span><br /><br /><span class="word">you to judge</span><br /><span class="heb">שִׁפְטוּ־</span> <span class="translit">(šip̄·ṭū-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8199.htm">Strong's 8199: </a> </span><span class="str2">To judge, pronounce sentence, to vindicate, punish, to govern, to litigate</span><br /><br /><span class="word">between Me</span><br /><span class="heb">בֵּינִ֖י</span> <span class="translit">(bê·nî)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition | first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_996.htm">Strong's 996: </a> </span><span class="str2">An interval, space between</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and My vineyard.</span><br /><span class="heb">כַּרְמִֽי׃</span> <span class="translit">(kar·mî)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3754.htm">Strong's 3754: </a> </span><span class="str2">A garden, vineyard</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/isaiah/5-3.htm">Isaiah 5:3 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/isaiah/5-3.htm">OT Prophets: Isaiah 5:3 Now inhabitants of Jerusalem and men (Isa Isi Is)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/isaiah/5-2.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Isaiah 5:2"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Isaiah 5:2" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/isaiah/5-4.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Isaiah 5:4"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Isaiah 5:4" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>