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<span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Taxonomy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Species" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Species"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Species</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Species-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultivation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultivation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cultivation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toxicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toxicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Toxicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toxicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Colour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyacinth</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiasint" title="Hiasint – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hiasint" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ياقوتية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ياقوتية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCnb%C3%BCl%C3%A7i%C3%A7%C9%99yi" title="Sünbülçiçəyi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sünbülçiçəyi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB" title="Зюмбюл – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Зюмбюл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zumbul" title="Zumbul – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zumbul" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacint" title="Jacint – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jacint" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Гиацинт – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гиацинт" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus" title="Hyacinthus – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hyacinthus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacint" title="Hyacint – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hyacint" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacint-sl%C3%A6gten" title="Hyacint-slægten – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hyacint-slægten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyazinthen" title="Hyazinthen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hyazinthen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCatsint" title="Hüatsint – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hüatsint" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82_(%CF%86%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C)" title="Υάκινθος (φυτό) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υάκινθος (φυτό)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus" title="Hyacinthus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hyacinthus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiacinto" title="Hiacinto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hiacinto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiazinto_(landarea)" title="Hiazinto (landarea) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hiazinto (landarea)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%84" title="سنبل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنبل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus" title="Hyacinthus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hyacinthus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiasaint" title="Hiasaint – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hiasaint" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xacinto_(planta)" title="Xacinto (planta) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xacinto (planta)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Гиацинт – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Гиацинт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9E%88%EC%95%84%EC%8B%A0%EC%8A%A4" title="히아신스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="히아신스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A9_(%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D5%BD)" title="Հակինթ (բույս) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հակինթ (բույս)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinta" title="Hyacinta – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Hyacinta" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zumbul" title="Zumbul – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zumbul" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiacinto_(planto)" title="Hiacinto (planto) – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hiacinto (planto)" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunga_yakut" title="Bunga yakut – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bunga yakut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus" title="Hyacinthus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hyacinthus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9F_(%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%97)" title="יקינתון (פרח) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יקינתון (פרח)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სუმბული – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სუმბული" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiacynta" title="Hiacynta – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Hiacynta" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Сүмбіл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сүмбіл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simbil_(riwek)" title="Simbil (riwek) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Simbil (riwek)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Гиацинт – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гиацинт" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus_(genus_plantarum)" title="Hyacinthus (genus plantarum) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hyacinthus (genus plantarum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyazinthen" title="Hyazinthen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hyazinthen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiacintas" title="Hiacintas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hiacintas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giatsintu" title="Giatsintu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Giatsintu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1cint_(n%C3%B6v%C3%A9nynemzets%C3%A9g)" title="Jácint (növénynemzetség) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jácint (növénynemzetség)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Зумбул – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Зумбул" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D_(%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82)" title="ഹയാസിന്ത് (സസ്യം) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹയാസിന്ത് (സസ്യം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%87" title="ياقوتيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ياقوتيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus_(geslacht)" title="Hyacinthus (geslacht) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hyacinthus (geslacht)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyasintslekta" title="Hyasintslekta – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hyasintslekta" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svibelslekta" title="Svibelslekta – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Svibelslekta" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guli_sumbul" title="Guli sumbul – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Guli sumbul" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiacynt_(ro%C5%9Blina)" title="Hiacynt (roślina) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hiacynt (roślina)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus" title="Hyacinthus – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hyacinthus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Гиацинт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гиацинт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zymbyli" title="Zymbyli – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zymbyli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%84" title="سنبل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سنبل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyacint_(rod)" title="Hyacint (rod) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hyacint (rod)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Зумбул – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Зумбул" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zumbul" title="Zumbul – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zumbul" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyasintit" title="Hyasintit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hyasintit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasinto" title="Hasinto – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hasinto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C" title="ไฮอะซินท์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไฮอะซินท์" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hyacinth (disambiguation)">Hyacinth (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Hyacinthus" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hyacinthus_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Hyacinthus (disambiguation)">Hyacinthus (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Hyacinth </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyacinth_-_Anglesey_Abbey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hyacinth_-_Anglesey_Abbey.jpg/220px-Hyacinth_-_Anglesey_Abbey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hyacinth_-_Anglesey_Abbey.jpg/330px-Hyacinth_-_Anglesey_Abbey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hyacinth_-_Anglesey_Abbey.jpg/440px-Hyacinth_-_Anglesey_Abbey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Cultivar of <i>Hyacinthus orientalis</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Hyacinthus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">Monocots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparagales" title="Asparagales">Asparagales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparagaceae" title="Asparagaceae">Asparagaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scilloideae" title="Scilloideae">Scilloideae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Hyacinthus</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pitton_de_Tournefort" title="Joseph Pitton de Tournefort">Tourn.</a> ex <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Type_species" title="Type species">Type species</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthus_orientalis" title="Hyacinthus orientalis">Hyacinthus orientalis</a></i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Species </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">See text</a>. </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Hyacinthus</b></i> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a small <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bulb" title="Bulb">bulbous</a> herbs, spring-blooming <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennials</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are fragrant flowering plants in the family <a href="/wiki/Asparagaceae" title="Asparagaceae">Asparagaceae</a>, subfamily <a href="/wiki/Scilloideae" title="Scilloideae">Scilloideae</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and are commonly called <b>hyacinths</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>). The genus is native predominantly to the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Mediterranean" title="Eastern Mediterranean">Eastern Mediterranean</a> region from the south of <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine region</a>, although naturalized more widely.<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_24372-1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name comes from <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_(mythology)" title="Hyacinth (mythology)">Hyacinth</a> was killed by Zephyrus, the god of the west wind, jealous of his love for <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>, who then transformed the drops of blood into flowers. </p><p>Several species of <i><a href="/wiki/Brodiaea" title="Brodiaea">Brodiaea</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Scilla" title="Scilla">Scilla</a></i>, and other plants that were formerly classified in the <a href="/wiki/Liliaceae" title="Liliaceae">Liliaceae family</a> and have <a href="/wiki/Inflorescence" title="Inflorescence">flower clusters</a> borne along the <a href="/wiki/Scape_(botany)" title="Scape (botany)">stalk</a> also have common names with the word "hyacinth" in them. Hyacinths should also not be confused with the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Muscari" title="Muscari">Muscari</a></i>, which are commonly known as grape hyacinths. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Hyacinthus</i> grows from bulbs, each producing around four to six narrow untoothed leaves and one to three spikes or <a href="/wiki/Raceme" title="Raceme">racemes</a> of flowers. In the wild species, the flowers are widely spaced, with as few as two per raceme in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthus_litwinovii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyacinthus litwinovii (page does not exist)">H. litwinovii</a></i> and typically six to eight in <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthus_orientalis" title="Hyacinthus orientalis">H. orientalis</a></i> which grows to a height of 15–20 cm (6–8 in). <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">Cultivars</a> of <i>H. orientalis</i> have much denser flower spikes and are generally more robust.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyacinthus_transcaspicus_GotBot_2015.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hyacinthus_transcaspicus_GotBot_2015.JPG/220px-Hyacinthus_transcaspicus_GotBot_2015.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hyacinthus_transcaspicus_GotBot_2015.JPG/330px-Hyacinthus_transcaspicus_GotBot_2015.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hyacinthus_transcaspicus_GotBot_2015.JPG/440px-Hyacinthus_transcaspicus_GotBot_2015.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2259" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthus_transcaspicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyacinthus transcaspicus (page does not exist)">Hyacinthus transcaspicus</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>The genus name <i>Hyacinthus</i> was attributed to <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pitton_de_Tournefort" title="Joseph Pitton de Tournefort">Joseph Pitton de Tournefort</a> when used by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a> in 1753.<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_24372-1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is derived from a Greek name used for a plant by <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὑάκινθος</span></span> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">hyákinthos</i></span>), the flowers supposedly having grown up from the blood of a <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_(mythology)" title="Hyacinth (mythology)">youth of this name</a> killed by the god <a href="/wiki/Zephyrus" title="Zephyrus">Zephyr</a> out of jealousy.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original wild plant known as <i>hyakinthos</i> to Homer has been identified with <i><a href="/wiki/Scilla_bifolia" title="Scilla bifolia">Scilla bifolia</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Rave00_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rave00-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> among other possibilities. Linnaeus defined the genus <i>Hyacinthus</i> widely to include species now placed in other genera of the subfamily <a href="/wiki/Scilloideae" title="Scilloideae">Scilloideae</a>, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Muscari" title="Muscari">Muscari</a></i> (e.g. his <i><a href="/wiki/Muscari_botryoides" title="Muscari botryoides">Hyacinthus botryoides</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_278581_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP_278581-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides" title="Hyacinthoides">Hyacinthoides</a></i> (e.g. his <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthoides_non-scripta" title="Hyacinthoides non-scripta">Hyacinthus non-scriptus</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_278654_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP_278654-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Hyacinthus</i> was formerly the type genus of the separate family Hyacinthaceae; prior to that, the genus was placed in the lily family <a href="/wiki/Liliaceae" title="Liliaceae">Liliaceae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Species">Species</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three species are placed within the genus <i>Hyacinthus</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_24372-1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthus_litwinovii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyacinthus litwinovii (page does not exist)">Hyacinthus litwinovii</a></i> – north-east Iran to southern Turkmenistan</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthus_orientalis" title="Hyacinthus orientalis">Hyacinthus orientalis</a></i> - Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine region, Turkey; common, Dutch or garden hyacinth <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinthus_transcaspicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyacinthus transcaspicus (page does not exist)">Hyacinthus transcaspicus</a></i> – north-east Iran to southern Turkmenistan</li></ul> <p>Some authorities place <i>H. litwonovii</i> and <i>H. transcaspicus</i> in the related genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthella" title="Hyacinthella">Hyacinthella</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Czer95_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Czer95-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which would make <i>Hyacinthus</i> a <a href="/wiki/Monotypic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotypic">monotypic</a> genus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The genus <i>Hyacinthus</i> is considered native to the eastern Mediterranean from southern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">region of Palestine</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, and on through <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> to <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_24372-1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is widely naturalized elsewhere, including Europe (Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Sardinia, Sicily and former Yugoslavia), Cyprus, North America (California, Pennsylvania, Texas), central Mexico, the Caribbean (Cuba, Haiti) and Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_24372-1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Dutch, or common hyacinth, of house and <a href="/wiki/Garden" title="Garden">garden</a> culture (<i>H. orientalis</i>, native to <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">Southwest Asia</a>) was so popular in the 18th century that over 2,000 cultivars were grown in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, its chief commercial producer. This hyacinth has a single dense spike of <a href="/wiki/Aroma_compound" title="Aroma compound">fragrant</a> <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flowers</a> in shades of red, blue, white, orange, pink, violet or yellow. A form of the common hyacinth is the less hardy and smaller blue- or white-petalled Roman hyacinth. These flowers need full sunlight and should be watered moderately.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toxicity">Toxicity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Toxicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The inedible bulbs contain <a href="/wiki/Oxalic_acid" title="Oxalic acid">oxalic acid</a> and may cause mild skin irritation. Protective gloves are recommended.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some members of the plant subfamily Scilloideae are commonly called hyacinths but are not members of the genus <i>Hyacinthus</i> and are edible; one example is the <a href="/wiki/Leopoldia_comosa" title="Leopoldia comosa">tassel hyacinth</a>, which forms part of the cuisine of some Mediterranean countries.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nowruz_Sonbol_(Hyacinth).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Nowruz_Sonbol_%28Hyacinth%29.JPG/220px-Nowruz_Sonbol_%28Hyacinth%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Nowruz_Sonbol_%28Hyacinth%29.JPG/330px-Nowruz_Sonbol_%28Hyacinth%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Nowruz_Sonbol_%28Hyacinth%29.JPG/440px-Nowruz_Sonbol_%28Hyacinth%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1334" /></a><figcaption>Nowruz Sonbol (Hyacinth)</figcaption></figure> <p>Hyacinths are often associated with spring and rebirth.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The hyacinth flower is used in the <a href="/wiki/Haft-Seen" class="mw-redirect" title="Haft-Seen">Haft-Seen</a> table setting for the <a href="/wiki/Persian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian people">Persian</a> New Year celebration, <a href="/wiki/Nowruz" title="Nowruz">Nowruz</a>, held at the <a href="/wiki/Spring_equinox_(Northern_Hemisphere)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring equinox (Northern Hemisphere)">spring equinox</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> word for hyacinth is <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">سنبل</span></span> (<i><span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa">sonbol</i></span></i>), meaning 'cluster'. </p><p>The name <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὑάκινθος</span></span> (<i><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc">hyakinthos</i></span></i>) was used in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a> for at least two distinct plants, which have variously been identified as <i>Scilla bifolia</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Orchis_quadripunctata" title="Orchis quadripunctata">Orchis quadripunctata</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Consolida_ajacis" title="Consolida ajacis">Consolida ajacis</a></i> (larkspur).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERaven200027_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERaven200027-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plants known by this name were sacred to <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hyacinth appears in the first section of <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Waste_Land" title="The Waste Land">The Waste Land</a></i> during a conversation between the narrator and the "hyacinth girl" that takes place in the spring.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>You gave me hyacinths first a year ago;<br /> "They called me the hyacinth girl."<br /> —Yet when we came back, late, from the Hyacinth garden,<br /> Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not<br /> Speak, and my eyes failed, I was neither<br /> Living nor dead, and I knew nothing,<br /> Looking into the heart of light, the silence. </p> </div></blockquote> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> tradition, <i>H. orientalis</i> represents prudence, constancy, desire of heaven and peace of mind.<sup id="cite_ref-catholictradition_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catholictradition-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colour">Colour</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Colour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The colour of the blue flower hyacinth plant varies between 'mid-blue',<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Indigo" title="Indigo">violet blue</a> and bluish <a href="/wiki/Purple" title="Purple">purple</a>. Within this range can be found <b>Persenche</b>, which is an American <a href="/wiki/Color" title="Color">color</a> name (probably from French), for a hyacinth hue.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The colour analysis of Persenche is 73% <a href="/wiki/Ultramarine" title="Ultramarine">ultramarine</a>, 9% <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">red</a> and 18% <a href="/wiki/White" title="White">white</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P1130470_Hyacinthus_orientalis_Common_hyacinth_(Hyacinthaceae).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Wild-type Hyacinthus orientalis in cultivation"><img alt="Wild-type Hyacinthus orientalis in cultivation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/P1130470_Hyacinthus_orientalis_Common_hyacinth_%28Hyacinthaceae%29.JPG/120px-P1130470_Hyacinthus_orientalis_Common_hyacinth_%28Hyacinthaceae%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/P1130470_Hyacinthus_orientalis_Common_hyacinth_%28Hyacinthaceae%29.JPG/180px-P1130470_Hyacinthus_orientalis_Common_hyacinth_%28Hyacinthaceae%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/P1130470_Hyacinthus_orientalis_Common_hyacinth_%28Hyacinthaceae%29.JPG/240px-P1130470_Hyacinthus_orientalis_Common_hyacinth_%28Hyacinthaceae%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wild-type <i>Hyacinthus orientalis</i> in cultivation</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HyacinthPink.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pink cultivar"><img alt="Pink cultivar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/HyacinthPink.jpg/71px-HyacinthPink.jpg" decoding="async" width="71" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/HyacinthPink.jpg/106px-HyacinthPink.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/HyacinthPink.jpg/141px-HyacinthPink.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="593" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pink cultivar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyacinths_-_floriade_canberra.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hyacinth cultivars in Floriade, Canberra"><img alt="Hyacinth cultivars in Floriade, Canberra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hyacinths_-_floriade_canberra.jpg/120px-Hyacinths_-_floriade_canberra.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hyacinths_-_floriade_canberra.jpg/180px-Hyacinths_-_floriade_canberra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Hyacinths_-_floriade_canberra.jpg/240px-Hyacinths_-_floriade_canberra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hyacinth cultivars in <a href="/wiki/Floriade,_Canberra" class="mw-redirect" title="Floriade, Canberra">Floriade, Canberra</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floriade_canberra02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hyacinth cultivars in Floriade, Canberra"><img alt="Hyacinth cultivars in Floriade, Canberra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Floriade_canberra02.jpg/120px-Floriade_canberra02.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Floriade_canberra02.jpg/180px-Floriade_canberra02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Floriade_canberra02.jpg/240px-Floriade_canberra02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hyacinth cultivars in <a href="/wiki/Floriade,_Canberra" class="mw-redirect" title="Floriade, Canberra">Floriade, Canberra</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:White_and_purple_hyacinths.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="White and purple hyacinth cultivars in Detroit, Michigan"><img alt="White and purple hyacinth cultivars in Detroit, Michigan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/White_and_purple_hyacinths.JPG/120px-White_and_purple_hyacinths.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/White_and_purple_hyacinths.JPG/180px-White_and_purple_hyacinths.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/White_and_purple_hyacinths.JPG/240px-White_and_purple_hyacinths.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">White and purple hyacinth cultivars in <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Young_boy_picking_hyacinths_in_Normandy_-_1993.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Young boy picking hyacinths in Normandy in France"><img alt="Young boy picking hyacinths in Normandy in France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Young_boy_picking_hyacinths_in_Normandy_-_1993.jpg/81px-Young_boy_picking_hyacinths_in_Normandy_-_1993.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Young_boy_picking_hyacinths_in_Normandy_-_1993.jpg/121px-Young_boy_picking_hyacinths_in_Normandy_-_1993.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Young_boy_picking_hyacinths_in_Normandy_-_1993.jpg/162px-Young_boy_picking_hyacinths_in_Normandy_-_1993.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9497" data-file-height="14060" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Young boy picking hyacinths in <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Hyacinth_Cross_Section_of_flowers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cross section of Hyacinth orientalis cultivar"><img alt="Cross section of Hyacinth orientalis cultivar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Blue_Hyacinth_Cross_Section_of_flowers.jpg/63px-Blue_Hyacinth_Cross_Section_of_flowers.jpg" decoding="async" width="63" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Blue_Hyacinth_Cross_Section_of_flowers.jpg/94px-Blue_Hyacinth_Cross_Section_of_flowers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Blue_Hyacinth_Cross_Section_of_flowers.jpg/125px-Blue_Hyacinth_Cross_Section_of_flowers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1832" data-file-height="3502" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cross section of Hyacinth orientalis cultivar</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tekhelet" title="Tekhelet">Tekhelet</a> - meaning "bluish violet" or "blue" in Hebrew, was translated as hyakinthos (Greek: ὑακίνθος, "hyacinth").</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Hyacinthus">"Hyacinthus"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Hyacinthus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FHyacinthus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://homeguides.sfgate.com/hyacinths-perennials-63933.html">"Are Hyacinths Perennials?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Are+Hyacinths+Perennials%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhomeguides.sfgate.com%2Fhyacinths-perennials-63933.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gardenguides.com/12446829-are-hyacinths-perennials.html">"Are Hyacinths Perennials?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Are+Hyacinths+Perennials%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gardenguides.com%2F12446829-are-hyacinths-perennials.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevens" class="citation web cs1">Stevens, P.F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#Hyacinthaceae">"Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Scilloideae"</a>. <i>Mobot.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mobot.org&rft.atitle=Angiosperm+Phylogeny+Website%3A+Asparagales%3A+Scilloideae&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=P.F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mobot.org%2Fmobot%2Fresearch%2Fapweb%2Forders%2Fasparagalesweb.htm%23Hyacinthaceae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-POWO_24372-1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-POWO_24372-1_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/24372-1">"<i>Hyacinthus</i> Tourn. ex L."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+of+the+World+Online&rft.atitle=Hyacinthus+Tourn.+ex+L..&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpowo.science.kew.org%2Ftaxon%2F24372-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckett1993" class="citation cs2">Beckett, K., ed. (1993), <i>Encyclopaedia of Alpines : Volume 1 (A–K)</i>, Pershore, UK: AGS Publications, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-900048-61-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-900048-61-6"><bdi>978-0-900048-61-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Alpines+%3A+Volume+1+%28A%E2%80%93K%29&rft.place=Pershore%2C+UK&rft.pub=AGS+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-900048-61-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span> pp. 656–657.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHyamPankhurst1995" class="citation cs2">Hyam, R. & Pankhurst, R.J. (1995), <i>Plants and their names : a concise dictionary</i>, Oxford: Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-866189-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-866189-4"><bdi>978-0-19-866189-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plants+and+their+names+%3A+a+concise+dictionary&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-19-866189-4&rft.aulast=Hyam&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Pankhurst%2C+R.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rave00-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rave00_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindsell" class="citation cs2">Lindsell, Alice, <i>Was Theocritus a botanist?</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Was+Theocritus+a+botanist%3F&rft.aulast=Lindsell&rft.aufirst=Alice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span> in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaven2000" class="citation cs2">Raven, John E. (2000), Raven, Faith; Stearn, William T.; Jardine, Nicholas & Frasca-Spada, Marina (eds.), <i>Plants and Plant Lore in Ancient Greece</i>, Oxford: Leopard's Head Press, p. 27, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-904920-40-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-904920-40-6"><bdi>978-0-904920-40-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plants+and+Plant+Lore+in+Ancient+Greece&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Leopard%27s+Head+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-904920-40-6&rft.aulast=Raven&rft.aufirst=John+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span>, p. 68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WCSP_278581-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_278581_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Hyacinthus botryoides", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=278581"><i>World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-20</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hyacinthus+botryoides&rft.btitle=World+Checklist+of+Selected+Plant+Families&rft.pub=Royal+Botanic+Gardens%2C+Kew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.kew.org%2Fwcsp%2Fnamedetail.do%3Fname_id%3D278581&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WCSP_278654-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_278654_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Hyacinthus non-scriptus", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120423110153/http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=278654"><i>World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=278654">the original</a> on 2012-04-23<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-20</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hyacinthus+non-scriptus&rft.btitle=World+Checklist+of+Selected+Plant+Families&rft.pub=Royal+Botanic+Gardens%2C+Kew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.kew.org%2Fwcsp%2Fnamedetail.do%3Fname_id%3D278654&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tolweb.org/Hyacinthaceae"><i>Hyacinthaceae</i></a>, Tolweb.org<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-03-20</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hyacinthaceae&rft.pub=Tolweb.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tolweb.org%2FHyacinthaceae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:536789-1">"Hyacinthus orientalis"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hyacinthus+orientalis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpowo.science.kew.org%2Ftaxon%2Furn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A536789-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Czer95-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Czer95_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCzerepanov1995" class="citation cs2">Czerepanov, S.K. (1995), <i>Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (the Former USSR)</i>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-45006-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-45006-5"><bdi>978-0-521-45006-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vascular+Plants+of+Russia+and+Adjacent+States+%28the+Former+USSR%29&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-521-45006-5&rft.aulast=Czerepanov&rft.aufirst=S.K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span>, cited in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do"><i>World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</i></a>, The Board of Trustees of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-10-07</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Checklist+of+Selected+Plant+Families&rft.pub=The+Board+of+Trustees+of+the+Royal+Botanic+Gardens%2C+Kew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.kew.org%2Fwcsp%2Fhome.do&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span>, under <i>Hyacinthella litwinovii</i> and <i>Hyacinthella transcaspica</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.picturethisai.com/care/sunlight/Bellevalia_romana.html">"☀️ What are the Light Needs for Roman hyacinth in Gardening? (Type, Characteristics, and Warning Signals)"</a>. <i>PictureThis</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PictureThis&rft.atitle=%E2%98%80%EF%B8%8F+What+are+the+Light+Needs+for+Roman+hyacinth+in+Gardening%3F+%28Type%2C+Characteristics%2C+and+Warning+Signals%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.picturethisai.com%2Fcare%2Fsunlight%2FBellevalia_romana.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065021/http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/hil/hil-8507.html">"Home Forcing of Hyacinths"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University" title="North Carolina State University">North Carolina State University</a> Horticulture Information</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/hil/hil-8507.html">the original</a> on 2013-04-04<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-20</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+Carolina+State+University+Horticulture+Information&rft.atitle=Home+Forcing+of+Hyacinths&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ces.ncsu.edu%2Fdepts%2Fhort%2Fhil%2Fhil-8507.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://italian-connection.com/living-in-italy/traditional-foods-of-puglia-italy-cooking-lampascioni-hyacinth-bulbs/">"Traditional Foods of Puglia Italy-Cooking Lampascioni Hyacinth Bulbs"</a>. <i>Italian Connection</i>. 2010-04-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Italian+Connection&rft.atitle=Traditional+Foods+of+Puglia+Italy-Cooking+Lampascioni+Hyacinth+Bulbs&rft.date=2010-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fitalian-connection.com%2Fliving-in-italy%2Ftraditional-foods-of-puglia-italy-cooking-lampascioni-hyacinth-bulbs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERaven200027-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERaven200027_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRaven2000">Raven (2000)</a>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurke1999" class="citation book cs1">Kurke, Leslie (1999). <i>Coins, bodies, games, and gold : the politics of meaning in archaic Greece</i>. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 192. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0691007365" title="Special:BookSources/0691007365"><bdi>0691007365</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coins%2C+bodies%2C+games%2C+and+gold+%3A+the+politics+of+meaning+in+archaic+Greece&rft.place=Princeton%2C+NJ&rft.pages=192&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0691007365&rft.aulast=Kurke&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/47311/the-waste-land">"The Waste Land by T. S. Eliot"</a>. <i>Poetry Foundation</i>. Poetry Foundation. 2018-09-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Batsford, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-4922-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-4922-8">978-0-7134-4922-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150917005032/http://people.csail.mit.edu/jaffer/Color/M.htm">"(M)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://people.csail.mit.edu/jaffer/Color/M.htm">the original</a> on 2015-09-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-09-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%28M%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.csail.mit.edu%2Fjaffer%2FColor%2FM.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHyacinth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Funk & Wagnell's New Standard Dictionary (1942), under <a href="/wiki/Spectrum" title="Spectrum">spectrum</a> color list.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Coccoris, Patricia (2012) <i>The Curious History of the Bulb Vase</i>. Published by Cortex Design.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyacinth&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hyacinthus_(Hyacinthaceae)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hyacinthus (Hyacinthaceae)"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Hyacinthus (Hyacinthaceae)</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flowerbulbs.cornell.edu/newsletter/No.%204%20Hyacinth%20Perennializing.pdf">Hyacinth perennialization Research Newsletter Number 4. 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class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Hyacinthus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158758" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q158758">Q158758</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hyacinthus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Hyacinthus">Hyacinthus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/191522">191522</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/164998">164998</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=417894">417894</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/8VYDJ">8VYDJ</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/23768922">23768922</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1HYAG">1HYAG</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=115912">115912</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2766192">2766192</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=5870">5870</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/126638">126638</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/24372-1">24372-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1320625">1320625</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=500338">500338</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NHMSYS0000459788">NHMSYS0000459788</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=82024">82024</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/52e8c619-100e-4345-9286-3006b13185e2">52e8c619-100e-4345-9286-3006b13185e2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=712153">712153</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/HYACI2">HYACI2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A24372-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24372-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/40028561">40028561</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-4000018465">wfo-4000018465</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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