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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>The Political Graveyard: Politicians Who Died at Age 98</title> <meta name="description" content="A database of political history and cemeteries, with brief biographical entries for 320,919 U.S. political figures, living and dead, from the 1700s to the present."> <meta name="keywords" content="political biography history genealogy cemeteries politics candidates congress senators legislators governors politicians biographies ancestors mayors birthplace geography elections"> <meta name="author" content="Lawrence Kestenbaum"> <script type="text/javascript"> var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-7383562-1']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'https://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/css/ftabmenu.js"> </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/css/ftabmenu.css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> ftabmenu.definemenu("ftabs",3) </script> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFDD" text="#000000" link="#cc0000" alink="#ff0000" vlink="#760000"> <style type="text/css"> p {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} td {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} A:link {text-decoration: none} A:visited {text-decoration: none} A:active {text-decoration: none} A:hover {text-decoration: underline} </style> <p align=center style="font-size:28pt; font-family:garamond,serif"> <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">PoliticalGraveyard.com</span><br> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html" border=0> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgmain6.gif" width=450 height=216 border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History"></a><br> Politicians by Age at Death</p> <div id="ftabs" class="basictab"><ul> <li><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/">TPG Home</a></li> <li><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/index.html">Age at Death</a></li> <li><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/97.html">Died Age 97</a></li> <li><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/98.html">Died Age 98</a></li> <li><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/99.html">Died Age 99</a></li> <li><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/search.html">Search</a></li> </ul></div> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <p align=center><font size=5> Politicians Who Died at Age 98 </font></p> <table width=100%><tr><td valign="top"> <table width=100%> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 7 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/zimmermann-zywicki.html#445.52.77">Roger H. Zion (1921-2019)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 12 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stuart.html#516.24.41">Robert D. Stuart, Jr. (1916-2014)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 20 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/demaggio-demps.html#959.69.53">Olcott H. Deming (1909-2007)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 23 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/berl-berrien.html#071.08.62">Maurice M. Bernbaum (1910-2008)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 26 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/elliott.html#421.38.31">Daisy L. Elliott (1917-2015)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 31 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ivey-izlar.html#089.58.05">Edouard V. M. Izac (1891-1990)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 32 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/russell2.html#665.24.20">Dan M. Russell, Jr. (1913-2011)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 35 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kovach-krapohl.html#491.75.26">C. William Kraft, Jr. (1903-2002)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 39 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ray.html#243.86.97">John A. Ray (1879-1977)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 41 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/winterberg-wisdom.html#471.18.74">Willard Wirtz (1912-2010)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 47 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/finck-finlayson.html#834.27.31">Paul Findley (1921-2019)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 49 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/grovenor-guert.html#685.46.43">Joseph R. Grundy (1863-1961)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 59 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/palmer.html#786.53.50">George W. Palmer (1818-1916)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 83 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/morgan.html#768.54.07">Howard V. Morgan (1914-2012)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 85 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/avery.html#490.88.09">William H. Avery (1911-2009)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 90 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/allen3.html#019.75.99">Frank D. Allen (1892-1990)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 92 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/browning.html#201.56.81">Denny B. Browning (1897-1995)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 113 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ladislas-lair.html#835.80.90">Mary Laffoon (1874-1972)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 117 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hinman.html#717.58.68">Edna J. Hinman (1902-2001)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 128 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/piercecchi-pierse.html#991.06.23">L. J. Piernas (1856-1954)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 131 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/winn.html#246.80.36">Larry Winn, Jr. (1919-2017)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 132 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jones9.html#387.46.79">Warren Leroy Jones (1895-1993)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 136 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/doi-donahower.html#431.19.88">Bob Dole (1923-2021)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 141 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gehant-geoghan.html#044.81.60">Remi L. Gendron (1898-1997)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 142 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/archibald-armstead.html#221.56.65">Philip Pendleton Ardery (1914-2012)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 147 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holder-hollan.html#146.06.04">Byron Holkenbrink (1903-2002)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 151 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/henderson.html#944.25.56">Worth D. Henderson (1898-1996)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 158 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sjoberg-skillman.html#079.67.23">Byron Skelton (1905-2004)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 163 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown6.html#537.64.11">Matthew Brown (1905-2003)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 164 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/putney-pyscher.html#189.45.15">Gladys Pyle (1890-1989)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 165 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/faircloth-farleigh.html#860.37.66">McIntyre Faries (1896-1994)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 169 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lewis5.html#578.68.36">John H. Lewis (1830-1929)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 181 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walsh.html#526.30.24">William F. Walsh (1912-2011)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 186 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/peterson.html#194.53.46">William R. Peterson (1894-1992)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 192 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/patterson.html#991.11.66">Lafayette L. Patterson (1888-1987)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 203 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mansfield.html#612.85.04">Mike Mansfield (1903-2001)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 210 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bradbury.html#143.23.15">James Ware Bradbury (1802-1901)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 211 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/briggs.html#060.36.29">Frank P. Briggs (1894-1992)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 214 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/button-byrer.html#768.18.15">Earl L. Butz (1909-2008)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 222 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/button-byrer.html#682.58.24">Harry F. Byrd, Jr. (1914-2013)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/onen-orner.html#771.34.33">Edward C. O'Rear (1863-1961)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 223 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jones6.html#036.29.89">Nedra W. Jones (1909-2008)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 225 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/allison.html#863.87.32">Elmer T. Allison (1883-1982)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 229 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/green8.html#138.62.10">Theodore F. Green (1867-1966)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 231 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/duvall-dworzanski.html#450.11.98">Frances Duvall (1897-1996)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 234 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haskell.html#607.53.77">Harry G. Haskell, Jr. (1921-2020)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 253 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beucher-biddis.html#734.48.20">Raymond C. Bice (1896-1994)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 257 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hart.html#207.36.23">Thomas N. Hart (1829-1927)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 263 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young4.html#954.50.07">George Cressler Young (1916-2015)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 274 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lind-lindquist.html#130.96.77">Lawrence B. Lindemer (1921-2020)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 277 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lance-landoe.html#060.85.90">Wesley L. Lance (1908-2007)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 287 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hale.html#049.76.89">Artemas Hale (1783-1882)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 297 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wingate.html#053.74.57">Paine Wingate (1739-1838)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 302 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/castleberry-catone.html#076.46.98">Raul H. Castro (1916-2015)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 308 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blair.html#939.11.71">William McCormick Blair, Jr. (1916-2015)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 311 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sanborn.html#187.88.00">Frances Sanborn (1893-1992)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 335 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/morrison.html#898.29.78">Frank B. Morrison (1905-2004)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 342 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/tuttle.html#467.42.09">Elbert P. Tuttle (1897-1996)</a> </td></tr> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> 98 years, 350 days:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/garner.html#166.76.74">John Nance Garner (1868-1967)</a> </td></tr></table> <table width=100%> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>98 years (number of days undetermined):</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young4.html#716.47.86">Houston G. Young (1882-1981)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sparling-spellman.html#701.67.87">Clara Aiken Speer (1880-1979)</a> </td></tr></table> <table width=100%> <tr><td width=10> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>Approximately 98 years:</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mena-mercado.html#663.86.72">Franklin Menges (1858-1956)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/valerius-vancamp.html#570.40.66">James I. Van Alen (1772-1870)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gravolet-gray.html#880.06.40">David Gray (1870-1968)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rockwood-rodeyn.html#419.07.18">Adolph J. Rodenbeck (1862-1960)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lund-luster.html#461.55.84">Wendell L. Lund (c.1906-2004)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stevens2.html#827.37.58">Claude H. Stevens (1884-1982)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/debolt-deckard.html#259.71.30">Ernest E. Debs (1904-2002)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/silsbee-simmonds.html#061.34.11">Charles H. Silver (c.1886-1984)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blodget-blouin.html#241.23.80">Harrison Blodget (1801-1899)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rilling-ripps.html#553.29.93">Leo A. Riordan (c.1909-2007)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bryan-bucciarelli.html#243.61.00">Ernest J. Bryant (1873-1971)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stearns.html#331.71.94">Wesley J. Stearns (1868-1966)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/donahue.html#741.15.77">Frank J. Donahue (1881-1979)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcclurg-mcconkey.html#757.24.02">Milton McColloch (1874-1972)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/otjen-overstolz.html#819.41.08">Ellis S. Outlaw (1883-1982)</a> — <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hammond.html#018.26.34">H. H. Hammond (1865-1963)</a> </td></tr></table> </td> <td width=180 align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></tr></table> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <table width=100%> <tr><td align="center"><span style="font-size:20pt;"> <span style="font-family:garamond,serif"> <i>"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard."</i></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt;">Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872</span></td> <td><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgsub.gif" width=450 height=71 align="right" border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard"></a></td></tr></table> <br clear="all"> <table width=100% cellpadding=2> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html">The Political Graveyard</a></b> is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 320,919 politicians, living and dead.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:8pt;"> </span></td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The listings are <b>incomplete</b>; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is <b>not</b> guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The official URL for this page is: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/98.html">https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/98.html</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/alpha/index.html">alphabetical index of politicians</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Copyright notices:</b> (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/cases/499_US_340.htm">Feist v. Rural Telephone</a>. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute <b>fair use</b> under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2023 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons License</a>.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Site information:</b> The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by <b>Lawrence Kestenbaum</b>, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is <b>The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106.</b> — This site is hosted by <b><a href="https://www.hdl.com">HDL</a></b>. — The Political Graveyard opened on <b>July 1, 1996</b>; the last full revision was done on <b>March 8, 2023</b>. </span></td></tr> </table> <hr> <table align="center" cellpadding=5><tr> <td align="center" valign="center"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" border="0" src="https://creativecommons.org/images/public/somerights.gif" width=88 height=31></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/politicalgraveyard" target="_TOP" title="The Political Graveyard"><img src="https://badge.facebook.com/badge/40475596932.4982.1015512377.png" width="120" height="84" style="border: 0px;" /></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.twitter.com/polgraveyard"> <img src="https://twitter-badges.s3.amazonaws.com/follow_us-a.png" border=0 alt="Follow polgraveyard on Twitter"/></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=thepoliticalg-20&path=subst/home/home.html"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/a150X70b.gif" border=0 alt="[Amazon.com]" align="center"></a></td> </tr></table> </body> </html>