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href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:N%C3%A1hodn%C3%A1_str%C3%A1nka" title="Přejít na náhodně vybranou stránku [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Náhodný článek</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Posledn%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny" title="Seznam posledních změn na této wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Poslední změny</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Port%C3%A1l_Wikipedie" title="O projektu, jak můžete pomoci, kde hledat"><span>Komunitní portál</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pod_l%C3%ADpou" title="Hlavní diskusní fórum"><span>Pod lípou</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cs.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Wikipedie: Otevřená encyklopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cs.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Hled%C3%A1n%C3%AD" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hledání</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Hledat na Wikipedii" aria-label="Hledat na Wikipedii" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciální:Hledání"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hledat</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osobní nástroje"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Změnit vzhled velikosti písma, šířky stránky a barvy" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vzhled" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vzhled</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs" class=""><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Organismus" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Organismus" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Přihlášení</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Další možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobní nástroje" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobní nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uživatelské menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs"><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Organismus" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Organismus" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Projevy_života" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Projevy_života"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Projevy života</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Projevy_života-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biologická_organizace_živé_hmoty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biologická_organizace_živé_hmoty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Biologická organizace živé hmoty</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biologická_organizace_živé_hmoty-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Biologická organizace živé hmoty</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biologická_organizace_živé_hmoty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organizace_prostředí" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizace_prostředí"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Organizace prostředí</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizace_prostředí-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasifikace" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikace"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Klasifikace</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klasifikace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Viry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Délka_života" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Délka_života"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Délka života</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Délka_života-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Závislost_organismu_na_prostředí" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Závislost_organismu_na_prostředí"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Závislost organismu na prostředí</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Závislost_organismu_na_prostředí-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Závislost organismu na prostředí</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Závislost_organismu_na_prostředí-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Závislost_na_vnějším_prostředí" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Závislost_na_vnějším_prostředí"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Závislost na vnějším prostředí</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Závislost_na_vnějším_prostředí-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rozměry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rozměry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Rozměry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rozměry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Organismus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 153 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-153" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">153 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebewesen" title="Lebewesen – němčina (Švýcarsko)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Lebewesen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="němčina (Švýcarsko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – aragonština" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%8A" title="كائن حي – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كائن حي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%8A" title="كائن حي – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كائن حي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%89" title="كائن حى – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كائن حى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1" title="জীৱ – ásámština" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জীৱ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ásámština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ser_vivu" title="Ser vivu – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ser vivu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orqanizm" title="Orqanizm – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Orqanizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="جانلی‌لار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جانلی‌لار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – baškirština" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebewesn" title="Lebewesn – bavorština" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Lebewesn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavorština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uorgan%C4%97zmos" title="Uorganėzmos – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Uorganėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Арганізм – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арганізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Арганізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арганізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Организъм – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Организъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC" title="জীব – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জীব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizam_(biologija)" title="Organizam (biologija) – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Organizam (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Махабад – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Махабад" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%95ng-%C5%ADk" title="Sĕng-ŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sĕng-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – cebuánština" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%AC%E1%8F%83%E1%8F%97" title="ᎬᏃᏗ – čerokézština" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎬᏃᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čerokézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ئۆرگانیزم – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆرگانیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organeb_byw" title="Organeb byw – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Organeb byw" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebewesen" title="Lebewesen – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lebewesen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gani" title="Gani – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Gani" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_(%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Οργανισμός (βιολογία) – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οργανισμός (βιολογία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism" title="Organism – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Organism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ser vivo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism" title="Organism – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Organism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismu" title="Organismu – extremadurština" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Organismu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremadurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="جاندار – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جاندار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli%C3%B6" title="Eliö – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Eliö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elolin%C3%B5" title="Elolinõ – võruština" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Elolinõ" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme_(physiologie)" title="Organisme (physiologie) – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Organisme (physiologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – franko-provensálština" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="franko-provensálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismus" title="Organismus – fríština (severní)" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Organismus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="fríština (severní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – fríština (západní)" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="fríština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Org%C3%A1nach" title="Orgánach – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Orgánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism_(fizyoloji)" title="Organism (fizyoloji) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Organism (fizyoloji)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ser_vivo" title="Ser vivo – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ser vivo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makhluk_hidup" title="Makhluk hidup – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Makhluk hidup" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioag" title="Bioag – manština" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Bioag" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A2ng-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Sâng-vu̍t – čínština (dialekty Hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sâng-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Hakka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אורגניזם – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אורגניזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="जीव – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जीव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiu" title="Jiu – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Jiu" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizam_(biologija)" title="Organizam (biologija) – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Organizam (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92ganis" title="Òganis – haitština" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Òganis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89l%C5%91l%C3%A9ny" title="Élőlény – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Élőlény" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Օրգանիզմ – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օրգանիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makhluk_hidup" title="Makhluk hidup – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Makhluk hidup" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – ilokánština" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – inguština" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADfvera" title="Lífvera – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lífvera" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo_vivente" title="Organismo vivente – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Organismo vivente" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="生物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaganizim" title="Aaganizim – jamajská kreolština" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Aaganizim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamajská kreolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jmive" title="jmive – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jmive" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ორგანიზმი – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ორგანიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizm" title="Organizm – karakalpačtina" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Organizm" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amuddir" title="Amuddir – kabylština" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Amuddir" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%A9%C5%A9mbe" title="Kĩũmbe – kikujština" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Kĩũmbe" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikujština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%93%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Ағза – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ағза" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99" title="សារពាង្គកាយ – khmérština" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សារពាង្គកាយ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmérština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B5" title="ಸಾವಯವ – kannadština" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾವಯವ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="생물 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ%C3%AEzm" title="Organîzm – kurdština" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Organîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organedh" title="Organedh – kornština" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Organedh" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismus" title="Organismus – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Organismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liewewiesen" title="Liewewiesen – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Liewewiesen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94" title="ສິ່ງມີຊີວິດ – laoština" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສິ່ງມີຊີວິດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizmas" title="Organizmas – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Organizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisms" title="Organisms – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Organisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zavamananaina" title="Zavamananaina – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zavamananaina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Организам – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Организам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF" title="ജീവി – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജീവി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="सजीव – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सजीव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisma" title="Organisma – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Organisma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF" title="သက်ရှိရုပ်စု – barmština" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သက်ရှိရုပ်စု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – neapolština" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="neapolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismus_(Biologie)" title="Organismus (Biologie) – dolnoněmčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Organismus (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoněmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="प्राणी – nepálština" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्राणी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="प्राणी – névárština" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="प्राणी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="névárština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme_vivent" title="Organisme vivent – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Organisme vivent" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micirjirtii" title="Micirjirtii – oromština" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Micirjirtii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80" title="ਪ੍ਰਾਣੀ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪ੍ਰਾਣੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizm" title="Organizm – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Organizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%85" title="آرگنزم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آرگنزم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%90%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ارګانېزم – paštština" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ارګانېزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawsaq" title="Kawsaq – kečuánština" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kawsaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism" title="Organism – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Organism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiin%C8%9B%C3%A2" title="Hiințâ – arumunština" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Hiințâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D2%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Орґанізм – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Орґанізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – jakutština" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urganismu" title="Urganismu – sicilština" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Urganismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ساهوارو – sindhština" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ساهوارو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eal%C3%A1n" title="Ealán – sámština (severní)" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ealán" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sámština (severní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizam" title="Organizam – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Organizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="ජීවීයා – sinhálština" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජීවීයා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism" title="Organism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Organism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDiv%C3%A1_bytos%C5%A5" title="Živá bytosť – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Živá bytosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizem" title="Organizem – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Organizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizmi" title="Organizmi – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Organizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Организам – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Организам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismeu" title="Organismeu – sundština" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Organismeu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism" title="Organism – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Organism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiumbehai" title="Kiumbehai – svahilština" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiumbehai" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/mauzipay" title="mauzipay – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="mauzipay" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உயிரினம் – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உயிரினம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF" title="జీవి – telugština" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జీవి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Андомгон – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Андомгон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="สิ่งมีชีวิต – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สิ่งมีชีวิต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizm" title="Organizm – turkmenština" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Organizm" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canl%C4%B1" title="Canlı – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Canlı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Организм – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Организм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Організм – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Організм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%81" title="نامیہ – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نامیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizm" title="Organizm – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Organizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizm" title="Organizm – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Organizm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Sinh vật – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sinh vật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme – vlámština (západní)" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Organisme" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vlámština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nogan" title="Nogan – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nogan" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismo" title="Organismo – warajština" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Organismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="生物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-organism" title="I-organism – xhoština" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-organism" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhoština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ორგანიზმი – mingrelština" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ორგანიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="ארגאניזם – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ארגאניזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8l%E1%BA%B9%CC%81%E1%BA%B9%CC%80m%C3%ADn" title="Ẹlẹ́ẹ̀mín – jorubština" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹlẹ́ẹ̀mín" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swnghvuz" title="Swnghvuz – čuangština" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Swnghvuz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="čuangština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="生物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="生物" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8%E2%81%BF-mi%C4%81-th%C3%A9" title="Sèⁿ-miā-thé – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sèⁿ-miā-thé" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="生物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IziPhili" title="IziPhili – zuluština" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IziPhili" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7239#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> 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href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Organismus" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Organismus" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&oldid=24426478" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této 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Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Organismus"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Organismus&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:E._coli_Bacteria_(7316101966).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/E._coli_Bacteria_%287316101966%29.jpg/220px-E._coli_Bacteria_%287316101966%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/E._coli_Bacteria_%287316101966%29.jpg/330px-E._coli_Bacteria_%287316101966%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/E._coli_Bacteria_%287316101966%29.jpg/440px-E._coli_Bacteria_%287316101966%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1766" /></a><figcaption>Bakterie <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escherichia_Coli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escherichia Coli (stránka neexistuje)">Escherichia Coli</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Organismus</b> (<b>organizmus</b>, zastarale také „ústrojenec“) je v <a href="/wiki/Biologie" title="Biologie">biologii</a> i <a href="/wiki/Ekologie" title="Ekologie">ekologii</a> biologická entita. Slovo pochází z řeckého <span class="cizojazycne" lang="el" title="řečtina">organon</span>, což znamená instrument. Podle <a href="/wiki/Organizace_pro_v%C3%BD%C5%BEivu_a_zem%C4%9Bd%C4%9Blstv%C3%AD" title="Organizace pro výživu a zemědělství">FAO</a> jsou všechny organismy schopné <a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%A1%C5%BEdivost_(biologie)" title="Dráždivost (biologie)">reakce na vnější podněty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rozmno%C5%BEov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Rozmnožování">rozmnožování</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C5%AFst" title="Růst">růstu</a> a stabilní existence.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Základní složkou živých organismů jsou <a href="/wiki/Bu%C5%88ka" title="Buňka">buňky</a> (viz kapitola o <a href="#Viry">virech</a>). Byly rozlišeny dva hlavní typy buněk <a href="/wiki/Prokaryotick%C3%A1_bu%C5%88ka" title="Prokaryotická buňka">prokaryotická</a> a <a href="/wiki/Eukaryotick%C3%A1_bu%C5%88ka" title="Eukaryotická buňka">eukaryotická</a> buňka. <a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">Prokaryota</a> jsou obecně považována za reprezentanty dvou separátních <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C5%99%C3%AD-dom%C3%A9nov%C3%BD_syst%C3%A9m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tří-doménový systém (stránka neexistuje)">domén</a>, zvaných <a href="/wiki/Bakterie" title="Bakterie">bakterie</a> a <a href="/wiki/Archea" title="Archea">Archea</a>, které ve skutečnosti nejsou blíže jeden k druhému než Archea k eukaryotům. Dvě základní eukaryotické <a href="/wiki/Organela" title="Organela">organely</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrie" title="Mitochondrie">mitochondrie</a> a <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">chloroplasty</a>, se obecně považují za odvozené z <a href="/wiki/Endosymbiotick%C3%A1_teorie" title="Endosymbiotická teorie">endosymbiotických</a> bakterií. </p><p>Existují i tzv. <a href="/wiki/Nebun%C4%9B%C4%8Dn%C3%A9_organismy" title="Nebuněčné organismy">nebuněčné organismy</a>, které se z níže uvedených důvodů někdy nepovažují za organismy. Jedná se především o <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">viry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viroid" title="Viroid">viroidy</a> a <a href="/wiki/Prion" title="Prion">priony</a>. Nebuněčné organismy nejsou schopny samostatné existence nebo alespoň samostatného <a href="/wiki/Rozmno%C5%BEov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Rozmnožování">rozmnožování</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Projevy_života"><span id="Projevy_.C5.BEivota"></span>Projevy života</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Projevy života" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Projevy života"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mezi projevy života patří charakteristické znaky společné pro všechny organismy. </p> <ul><li>Chemické složení: <a href="/wiki/B%C3%ADlkovina" title="Bílkovina">bílkoviny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nukleov%C3%A9_kyseliny" class="mw-redirect" title="Nukleové kyseliny">nukleové kyseliny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacharidy" title="Sacharidy">sacharidy</a></li> <li>Chemické procesy: základní <a href="/wiki/Metabolismus" title="Metabolismus">metabolismus</a> má stejný průběh (<a href="/wiki/Anabolismus" title="Anabolismus">skládání</a> a <a href="/wiki/Katabolismus" title="Katabolismus">rozkládání</a> látek)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamika" title="Dynamika">Dynamika</a>, neustálé proměny a výměna látek, energie a informací s prostředím.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%A1%C5%BEdivost_(biologie)" title="Dráždivost (biologie)">Reakce na podněty z vnějšího prostředí</a> a přizpůsobení se.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozmno%C5%BEov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Rozmnožování">Rozmnožování</a> (reprodukce), vede k zachování rodu a druhu – na základě <a href="/wiki/D%C4%9Bdi%C4%8Dnost" title="Dědičnost">dědičnosti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%9Bdi%C4%8Dnost" title="Dědičnost">Dědičnost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AFst" title="Růst">Růst</a>, neplatí obecně</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evoluce" title="Evoluce">Evoluce</a> (vývoj), živé soustavy se neustále dlouhodobě přizpůsobují měnícím se podmínkám.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C5%88ka" title="Buňka">Buňka</a> je základní stavební a funkční jednotkou (výjimku tvoří <a href="/wiki/Nebun%C4%9B%C4%8Dn%C3%A9_organismy" title="Nebuněčné organismy">nebuněčné organismy</a>)</li></ul> <p>Tyto znaky ale <b>nejsou univerzální</b>. Mnoho organismů není schopných samostatného pohybu a nereagují přímo na své prostředí. <a href="/wiki/Mikroorganismus" title="Mikroorganismus">Mikroorganismy</a> jako bakterie nemusí provádět dýchání, ale používají alternativní metabolické cesty. Některé organismy nerostou, mají po celý život více méně konstantní velikost. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biologická_organizace_živé_hmoty"><span id="Biologick.C3.A1_organizace_.C5.BEiv.C3.A9_hmoty"></span>Biologická organizace živé hmoty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Biologická organizace živé hmoty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Biologická organizace živé hmoty"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Živá hmota se obecně dá zkoumat pod různým zvětšením, a hierarchie každého těla je přibližně následující: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">Atomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">Molekula</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makromolekula" title="Makromolekula">Makromolekula</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organela" title="Organela">Organela</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C5%88ka" title="Buňka">Buňka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tk%C3%A1%C5%88" title="Tkáň">Tkáň</a> či <a href="/wiki/Rostlinn%C3%A9_pletivo" title="Rostlinné pletivo">pletivo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Org%C3%A1n" title="Orgán">Orgán</a> (ne však u <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9lka" title="Stélka">stélkatých</a> organismů) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Org%C3%A1nov%C3%A1_soustava" title="Orgánová soustava">Orgánová soustava</a> <ul><li>Organismus</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizace_prostředí"><span id="Organizace_prost.C5.99ed.C3.AD"></span>Organizace prostředí</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Organizace prostředí" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Organizace prostředí"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Populace" title="Populace">Populace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spole%C4%8Denstvo" title="Společenstvo">Společenstvo</a> (komunita) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biom" title="Biom">Biom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biosf%C3%A9ra" title="Biosféra">Biosféra</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikace">Klasifikace</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Klasifikace" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Klasifikace"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Následující články jsou vstupními body pro informace o klasifikaci organismů: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biologick%C3%A1_klasifikace" title="Biologická klasifikace">Biologická klasifikace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biologick%C3%A1_nomenklatura" title="Biologická nomenklatura">Biologická nomenklatura</a> (názvosloví)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druh" title="Druh">Druhy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poddruh" title="Poddruh">Poddruhy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viry">Viry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Viry" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Viry"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">Viry</a> nejsou typicky považovány za organismy, protože nejsou schopny <i>samostatné</i> <a href="/wiki/Rozmno%C5%BEov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Rozmnožování">reprodukce</a> nebo <a href="/wiki/Metabolismus" title="Metabolismus">metabolismu</a> (látkové přeměny). Ale podle legislativy USA jsou považovány za mikroorganismy ve smyslu možného zneužití (terorismus atd.). Tato kontroverze je problematická, když i někteří <a href="/wiki/Parazitismus" title="Parazitismus">paraziti</a> a <a href="/wiki/Endosymbiont" class="mw-redirect" title="Endosymbiont">endosymbionti</a> jsou též neschopní samostatného života. I když viry mají <a href="/wiki/Enzym" title="Enzym">enzymy</a> a molekuly charakteristické pro živé organismy, nejsou schopny přežití mimo <a href="/wiki/Bu%C5%88ka" title="Buňka">hostitelskou buňku</a> a většina jejich metabolických procesů vyžaduje hostitele a jeho „genetický mechanismus“. Původ těchto parazitů je nejistý, ale zdá se nejpravděpodobnější, že byly odvozeny od svých hostitelů. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Délka_života"><span id="D.C3.A9lka_.C5.BEivota"></span>Délka života</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Délka života" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Délka života"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jeden ze základních parametrů organismu je jeho <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A9lka_%C5%BEivota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Délka života (stránka neexistuje)">délka života</a>. Některé organismy žijí velice krátce (dny, hodiny, bakterie <i><a href="/wiki/Escherichia_coli" title="Escherichia coli">Escherichia coli</a></i> má generační dobu dokonce jen 20 minut), zatímco některé rostliny mohou žít tisíce let. Během svého života prochází většina organismů změnami, které obecně nazýváme <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A1rnut%C3%AD" title="Stárnutí">stárnutí</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Závislost_organismu_na_prostředí"><span id="Z.C3.A1vislost_organismu_na_prost.C5.99ed.C3.AD"></span>Závislost organismu na prostředí</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Závislost organismu na prostředí" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Závislost organismu na prostředí"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vzhledem k jedné z definic, která říká, že organismus je časově a prostorově ohraničený otevřený systém, který komunikuje s vnějším prostředím, na kterém je časově závislý, má na délku života vliv mnoho faktorů: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Závislost_na_vnějším_prostředí"><span id="Z.C3.A1vislost_na_vn.C4.9Bj.C5.A1.C3.ADm_prost.C5.99ed.C3.AD"></span>Závislost na vnějším prostředí</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editace sekce: Závislost na vnějším prostředí" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Závislost na vnějším prostředí"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Neživé (abiotické) prostředí:</li></ol> <dl><dd><dl><dd>I. <a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">voda</a></dd> <dd>II. <a href="/wiki/Kysl%C3%ADk" title="Kyslík">kyslík</a> <dl><dd>* <a href="/wiki/Aerobn%C3%AD_organismy" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerobní organismy">aerobní organismy</a> (potřebují kyslík)</dd> <dd>* <a href="/wiki/Anaerobn%C3%AD_organismy" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaerobní organismy">anaerobní organismy</a> (nepotřebují kyslík), málo – např. <a href="/wiki/Tasemnice" title="Tasemnice">tasemnice</a>.</dd></dl></dd> <dd>III. <a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%9Btlo" title="Světlo">Světlo</a> <dl><dd>* <a href="/wiki/Autotrofn%C3%AD_organismy" class="mw-redirect" title="Autotrofní organismy">autotrofní organismy</a> světlo je nutné pro <a href="/wiki/Fotosynt%C3%A9za" title="Fotosyntéza">fotosyntézu</a></dd> <dd>* <a href="/wiki/Heterotrofn%C3%AD_organismy" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterotrofní organismy">heterotrofní organismy</a> světlo je nepřímo nutné</dd></dl></dd> <dd>IV. <a href="/wiki/Teplo" title="Teplo">Teplo</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>2. Živé (biotické) prostředí – zabývá se vztahy mezi organismy </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>I. Pozitivní (kladné) příklad: <a href="/wiki/Symbi%C3%B3za" title="Symbióza">symbióza</a></dd> <dd>II. Neutrální</dd> <dd>III. Negativní – záporné příklad: <a href="/wiki/Parazitismus" title="Parazitismus">parazit</a> a <a href="/wiki/Hostitel" title="Hostitel">hostitel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pred%C3%A1tor" title="Predátor">dravec</a> a <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%99ist" title="Kořist">kořist</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rozměry"><span id="Rozm.C4.9Bry"></span>Rozměry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editace sekce: Rozměry" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Rozměry"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Největší známé jednotlivé organismy (nikoliv soubory geneticky identických klonů) jsou patrně obří stromy <a href="/wiki/Sekvoj" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekvoj">sekvoje</a> a <a href="/wiki/Sekvojovec" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekvojovec">sekvojovce</a>, dorůstající do výšky přes 115 metrů a hmotnosti přes 2000 kg. Z živočichů je nejtěžším známým druhem kytovec <a href="/wiki/Plejtv%C3%A1k_obrovsk%C3%BD" title="Plejtvák obrovský">plejtvák obrovský</a> s hmotností blížící se 200 tunám. Nejdelší (a zároveň největší suchozemští) obratlovci zase byli někteří druhohorní <a href="/wiki/Sauropodi" title="Sauropodi">sauropodní dinosauři</a>, jejichž délka se mohla pohybovat až kolem 40 metrů.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mnohé obří organismy (a to i mezi bezobratlými) se vyskytují zejména v mořích a oceánech.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fao.org/biotech/find-formalpha-n.asp">http://www.fao.org/biotech/find-formalpha-n.asp</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vladim%C3%ADr_Socha" title="Vladimír Socha">SOCHA, Vladimír</a>. Nejdelší obratlovec všech dob?. <i>OSEL.cz</i> [online]. 15. listopadu 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osel.cz/10210-nejdelsi-obratlovec-vsech-dob.html">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=OSEL.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osel.cz%2F10210-nejdelsi-obratlovec-vsech-dob.html&rft.atitle=Nejdel%C5%A1%C3%AD+obratlovec+v%C5%A1ech+dob%3F&rft.date=2018&rft.chron=15. listopadu&rft.aulast=SOCHA&rft.aufirst=Vladim%C3%ADr"><span style="display:none"> </span></span> <span style="cursor:help;" data-lang="cs" title="Jazyk cíle odkazu: čeština">(česky)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.stoplusjednicka.cz/fascinujici-morsti-giganti-pet-bezobratlych-obru-z-hlubin">https://www.stoplusjednicka.cz/fascinujici-morsti-giganti-pet-bezobratlych-obru-z-hlubin</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivot" title="Život">život</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Superorganismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superorganismus (stránka neexistuje)">superorganismus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modelov%C3%BD_organismus" title="Modelový organismus">modelový organismus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismus&action=edit&section=13" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Organisms" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Organisms">organismus</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wikiquote"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Téma </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Organismus" class="extiw" title="q:Organismus">Organismus</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikicitátech</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/organismus" class="extiw" title="wikt:organismus">organismus</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="sisterproject-inline"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" 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href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Organismus&oldid=24426478">https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Organismus&oldid=24426478</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Kategorie" title="Nápověda:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Organismy" title="Kategorie:Organismy">Organismy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C5%BDivot" title="Kategorie:Život">Život</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skryté kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NKC" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_PSH" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH">Monitoring:Články s 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