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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Obsah" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kchun-čchü</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 34 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dga mw-list-item"><a href="https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – Southern Dagaare" lang="dga" hreflang="dga" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Dagaare" data-language-local-name="Southern Dagaare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagaare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%88" title="کونکو – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کونکو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kun-ooppera" title="Kun-ooppera – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kun-ooppera" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – hauština" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hauština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%ABnq%C7%94" title="Kūnqǔ – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kūnqǔ" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%91%E6%9B%B2" title="崑曲 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="崑曲" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A4%EA%B3%A1" title="곤곡 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="곤곡" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mos mw-list-item"><a href="https://mos.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – mosi" lang="mos" hreflang="mos" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Moore" data-language-local-name="mosi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Moore</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93pera_de_Kunqu" title="Ópera de Kunqu – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ópera de Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8E%D0%B9" title="Куньцюй – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Куньцюй" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83" title="Кунчу – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кунчу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8E%D0%B9" title="Куньцюй – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Куньцюй" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4n_kh%C3%BAc" title="Côn khúc – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Côn khúc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%86%E5%89%A7" title="昆剧 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="昆剧" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu" title="Kunqu – jorubština" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kunqu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%86%E6%9B%B2" title="昆曲 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="昆曲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%91%E6%9B%B2" title="崑曲 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="崑曲" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%91%E6%9B%B2" title="崑曲 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="崑曲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q674493#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuse:Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskuse ke stránce (stránka neexistuje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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lang="cs" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Pekinguniversitykunqu5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Pekinguniversitykunqu5.jpg/220px-Pekinguniversitykunqu5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Pekinguniversitykunqu5.jpg/330px-Pekinguniversitykunqu5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Pekinguniversitykunqu5.jpg/440px-Pekinguniversitykunqu5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Scéna z divadelní hry <a href="/wiki/Pavil%C3%B3n_pivon%C4%9Bk" title="Pavilón pivoněk">Pavilón pivoněk</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kchun-čchü</b> (<a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADn%C5%A1tina" title="Čínština">čínsky</a> <a href="/wiki/Pchin-jin" title="Pchin-jin">pchin-jinem</a> <i>kūnqǔ</i>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A9_znaky" title="Čínské znaky">znaky</a> zjednodušené <span class="cizojazycne" lang="zh" title="čínština">昆曲</span>, tradiční <span class="cizojazycne" lang="zh" title="čínština">崑曲</span>) je <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">čínský</a> tradiční <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">divadelní</a> žánr rozvíjející se od počátků <a href="/wiki/Mingsk%C3%A1_kultura" title="Mingská kultura">mingského období</a> koncem 14. století. Původně regionální varianta dramat <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cchuan-%C4%8Dchi" title="Čchuan-čchi">čchuan-čchi</a></i> získala koncem 16. století popularitu po celé zemi. Měl velký vliv na další vývoj <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_opera" title="Čínská opera">čínské opery</a>, včetně <a href="/wiki/Pekingsk%C3%A1_opera" title="Pekingská opera">pekingské opery</a> a dodnes je živý. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Historie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Kchun-čchü</i> se vyvinula z kchunšanské regionální varianty dramatických her <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cchuan-%C4%8Dchi" title="Čchuan-čchi">čchuan-čchi</a></i>. Původně, koncem 14. století, byla provozovaná v jihočínském okrese <a href="/wiki/Kchun-%C5%A1an" title="Kchun-šan">Kchun-šan</a> (na jihu provincie <a href="/wiki/%C5%A4iang-su" title="Ťiang-su">Ťiang-su</a>, v moderní prefektuře <a href="/wiki/Su-%C4%8Dou" title="Su-čou">Su-čou</a>), slavným místním autorem tohoto období byl <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ku_%C5%A4ien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ku Ťien (stránka neexistuje)">Ku Ťien</a> (<span class="cizojazycne" lang="zh" title="čínština">顧堅</span>). </p><p>Zůstávala jednou z mnoha místních verzí <i>čchuan-čchi</i>, dokud koncem 16. století <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wej_Liang-fu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wej Liang-fu (stránka neexistuje)">Wej Liang-fu</a> nezreformoval kchunšanskou hudbu a <a href="/wiki/Liang_%C4%8Cchen-j%C3%BC" title="Liang Čchen-jü">Liang Čchen-jü</a> ji v upravené formě nevyužil ve svém dramatu <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chuan-%C5%A1a-%C5%A5i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chuan-ša-ťi (stránka neexistuje)">Chuan-ša-ťi</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-li_69_70_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-li_69_70-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liang Čchen-jü měl okamžitý úspěch a jeho hudební varianta se rychle rozšířila. Pojmy <i>čchuan-čchi</i> a <i>kchun-čchü</i> poté prakticky splynuly.<sup id="cite_ref-hu_71_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hu_71-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> V následujících desetiletích se žánr <i>kchun-čchü</i> ocitl na vrcholu popularity, objevily se stovky autorů a mnohem více her.<sup id="cite_ref-hu_75_76_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hu_75_76-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> K nejvýznamnějším autorům patřil <a href="/wiki/Tchang_Sien-cu" title="Tchang Sien-cu">Tchang Sien-cu</a>, autor jedné z nejznámějších her čínské historie, <i><a href="/wiki/Pavil%C3%B3n_pivon%C4%9Bk" title="Pavilón pivoněk">Pavilónu pivoněk</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-hu_73_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hu_73-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDuan_Ta-%C4%8Dcheng" title="Žuan Ta-čcheng">Žuan Ta-čcheng</a>, který napsal devět her <i>kchun-čchü</i>, a současníky ceněný ministr <a href="/wiki/Wu_Ping" title="Wu Ping">Wu Ping</a>, autor pěti <i>kchun-čchü</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-hu_75_76_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hu_75_76-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Začátkem 20. století stál žánr před zánikem, a pronásledován byl i během <a href="/wiki/Kulturn%C3%AD_revoluce" title="Kulturní revoluce">kulturní revoluce</a>. V současnosti existují profesionální soubory v <a href="/wiki/Peking" title="Peking">Pekingu</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0anghaj" title="Šanghaj">Šanghaji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanking" title="Nanking">Nankingu</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cchen-%C4%8Dou" title="Čchen-čou">Čchen-čou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wen-%C4%8Dou" title="Wen-čou">Wen-čou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chang-%C4%8Dou" title="Chang-čou">Chang-čou</a> a <a href="/wiki/Tchaj-pej" title="Tchaj-pej">Tchaj-peji</a> a množství amatérských souborů. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><i>V tomto článku byl použit <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:WikiProjekt_P%C5%99eklad/Rady" title="Wikipedie:WikiProjekt Překlad/Rady">překlad</a> textu z článku <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunqu?oldid=569904925"><span class="cizojazycne" lang="en" title="angličtina">Kunqu</span></a> na anglické Wikipedii.</i></span> </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-li_69_70-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-li_69_70_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">LI, Xiao. <i>Chinese Kunqu Opera</i>. [s.l.]: Long River Press, 2005. 303 s. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/1592650627" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/1592650627"><span class="ISBN">1592650627</span></a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/9781592650620" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/9781592650620"><span class="ISBN">9781592650620</span></a></span>. S. 69–70. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=Chinese+Kunqu+Opera&rft.isbn=1592650627&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xiao&rft.pub=Long+River+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.tpages=303&rft.pages=69%E2%80%9370"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hu_71-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-hu_71_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">HU, John. Ming Dynasty Drama. In: MACKERRAS, Colin. <i>Chinese Theater: From Its Origins to the Present Day</i>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1983. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/0-8248-0813-4" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/0-8248-0813-4"><span class="ISBN">0-8248-0813-4</span></a></span>. S. 60–91, na. s. 71. (anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hu_75_76-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-hu_75_76_3-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hu_75_76_3-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hu, s. 75–76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hu_73-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-hu_73_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hu, s. 73.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literatura">Literatura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Literatura"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">MACKERRAS, Colin, a kol. <i>Chinese Theater: From Its Origins to the Present Day</i>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1983. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chinesetheater00coli">Dostupné online</a>. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/0-8248-0813-4" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/0-8248-0813-4"><span class="ISBN">0-8248-0813-4</span></a></span>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=Chinese+Theater%3A+From+Its+Origins+to+the+Present+Day&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchinesetheater00coli&rft.isbn=0-8248-0813-4&rft.aulast=Mackerras&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1983"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchun-%C4%8Dch%C3%BC&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kunqu_Opera" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Kunqu Opera">Kchun-čchü</a></span> na Wikimedia Commons</span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">UNESCO. <i>Kun Qu opera</i> [online]. UNESCO, 2008 [cit. 2014-11-14]. Opera <i>kchun-čchü</i> na seznamu kulturního dědictví UNESCO (od roku 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&pg=00011&RL=00004">Dostupné online</a>. 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