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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الكنيسة الإنجيلية المشيخية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الكنيسة الإنجيلية المشيخية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptische_Evangelische_Kirche" title="Koptische Evangelische Kirche – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Koptische Evangelische Kirche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_evang%C3%A9lica_presbiteriana_de_Egipto" title="Iglesia evangélica presbiteriana de Egipto – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iglesia evangélica presbiteriana de Egipto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89glise_%C3%A9vang%C3%A9lique_copte" title="Église évangélique copte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Église évangélique copte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="الكنيسه الانجيليه المشيخيه فى مصر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الكنيسه الانجيليه المشيخيه فى مصر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewangelicki_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_Egiptu_(Synod_Nilu)" title="Ewangelicki Kościół Egiptu (Synod Nilu) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ewangelicki Kościół Egiptu (Synod Nilu)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igreja_Evang%C3%A9lica_do_Egito" title="Igreja Evangélica do Egito – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Igreja Evangélica do Egito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptens_evangeliska_kyrka" title="Egyptens evangeliska kyrka – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Egyptens evangeliska kyrka" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7_%DA%AF%DA%BE%D8%B1" title="مصر کا انجیلی بشارت گرجا گھر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مصر کا انجیلی بشارت گرجا گھر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83_(%E5%B0%BC%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83)" title="埃及福音教會 (尼羅大會) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="埃及福音教會 (尼羅大會)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1784166#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.2em; font-size:200%; background:#870409; color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Copts</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><div class="center"><div class="center"> <div style="width: {{{cWidth}}}px; height: {{{cHeight}}}px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 175px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coptic_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coptic_cross.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/175px-Coptic_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/263px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/350px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="606" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#870409; color:white;"> Culture</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_architecture" title="Coptic architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_art" title="Coptic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptology" title="Coptology">Coptology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_cross" title="Coptic cross">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Fasting and abstinence of the Coptic Orthodox Church">Fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_history" title="Coptic history">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_identity" title="Coptic identity">Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_placenames" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic placenames">Toponymy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_language" title="Coptic language">Language</a></li> <li>Literature <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_literature" title="Coptic literature">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copto-Arabic_literature" title="Copto-Arabic literature">Arabic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_music" title="Coptic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_monasticism" title="Coptic monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_nationalism" title="Coptic nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Copts" title="Persecution of Copts">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_philosophy" title="Coptic philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Writing system</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#870409; color:white;"> Regions</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copts_in_Egypt" title="Copts in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts_in_Sudan" title="Copts in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts_in_Libya" title="Copts in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Americans" title="Coptic Americans">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in the United States">churches</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Canadians" title="Coptic Canadians">Canada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Canada" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Canada">churches</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Australians" title="Coptic Australians">Australia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Australia" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Australia">churches</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Africa" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Asia" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Europe" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_North_America" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in North America">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_South_America" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in South America">South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_diaspora" title="Coptic diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#870409; color:white;"> Denominations</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic_Church" title="Coptic Catholic Church">Coptic Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Egypt" title="Protestantism in Egypt">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Evangelical Church</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0; padding-bottom:0;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Copts_sidebar" title="Template:Copts sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Copts_sidebar" title="Template talk:Copts sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Copts_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Copts sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)</b> (also called the <b>Evangelical Presbyterian Church in Egypt</b>, <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Arabic" title="Egyptian Arabic">Egyptian</a>: الكنيسة الإنجيلية المشيخية <i>El-Kenisa El-Engileyya El-Mashyykhia</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> church that started as a mission of the <a href="/wiki/United_Presbyterian_Church_of_North_America" title="United Presbyterian Church of North America">United Presbyterian Church of North America</a> among <a href="/wiki/Copt" class="mw-redirect" title="Copt">Coptic</a> <a href="/wiki/Egyptians" title="Egyptians">Egyptians</a> in the late nineteenth century. The Evangelical Church of Egypt became autonomous in 1957 and officially independent in 1958. It has eight presbyteries, 314 congregations, and about 250,000 members.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emile Zaki is a pastor and also the general secretary of the Evangelical <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> Church of Egypt, also known as the Synod of the Nile. The Synod of the Nile has about 250 congregations worldwide, including a few worshiping groups without their own building. It helps with running hospitals, clinics, social service and employment agencies, retreat centers, day schools, and its own seminary. The Evangelical Presbyterian Church founded the nation's first primary school for girls.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To train pastors the denomination maintains the Evangelical Presbyterian Seminary in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>. It is the oldest Protestant Seminary in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These <a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">Evangelical</a> Christians operate in a context far different from <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. Between 88 and 90 percent of Egyptians are Muslim. Of the 10-12% who are Christian, over 90-92 percent are <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Orthodox">Coptic Orthodox</a>. The 8-10 percent of non-<a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy" title="Orthodoxy">Orthodox</a> Christians include <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic_Church" title="Coptic Catholic Church">Catholics</a> and several Protestant groups. However, a steady trickle of Orthodox and Catholic Copts are joining the Evangelicals because they are seen as (among other things) less laden with heavy ritual, more generous with welfare and more flexible over marriage and divorce.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The church is a member of the <a href="/wiki/World_Communion_of_Reformed_Churches" title="World Communion of Reformed Churches">World Communion of Reformed Churches</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Council_of_Churches" title="Middle East Council of Churches">Middle East Council of Churches</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Council_of_Churches" title="Egyptian Council of Churches">Egypt Council of Churches</a>, which formed in February, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A partner church is the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among others, the <a href="/wiki/Gustav-Adolf-Werk" title="Gustav-Adolf-Werk">Gustav-Adolf-Werk</a> (GAW) as the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a> <a href="/wiki/Diaspora" title="Diaspora">Diaspora</a> agency actively supports persecuted Protestant Christians in Egypt with aid projects.<sup id="cite_ref-lage2014_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lage2014-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The church currently claims to own property held by the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Diocese of Egypt">Anglican Diocese of Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Evangelical Christians belonging to this group form a tight-knit community where everybody knows everybody and share common rituals like serving as "Beit Feel" in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://beitelsalam.org/">Beit El-Salam</a> in Agami and, more recently, going to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kdec.net/kdecenglish/">Kasr El Dobara Evangelical Church</a>'s hip camps known as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wadisportscamp.com/">Wadi Sports Camps</a>. The early evangelicals played a role in Egypt's education and this was documented in Paul Sedra's book: From Mission to Modernity. The biggest evangelical church in Egypt is Kasr El Dobara Evangelical Church (KDEC). The most famous Evangelical choir in Egypt is "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.betterlifeteam.com">The Better Life Team</a>." Rafiq Habib, the son of the former head of the Synod, Samuel Habib, was the Vice President of the Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom and Justice Party.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Synod owns 4 schools in Egypt: Ramses College, New Ramses College, British Ramses College and Al Salam school in Assiut (formerly known as Presley Memorial Institute, founded by former American Evangelical missionaries). The sons and daughters of the Egyptian Evangelical community tend to attend these schools. </p><p>Evangelicals of the Arab world (mainly Egypt and Lebanon) air most of their content on <a href="/wiki/SAT-7" title="SAT-7">Sat-7</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Famous_Egyptian_Evangelicals">Famous Egyptian Evangelicals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Famous Egyptian Evangelicals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Maestro <a href="/wiki/Nayer_Nagui" title="Nayer Nagui">Nayer Nagui</a></li> <li>Actor <a href="/wiki/Lotfy_Labib" title="Lotfy Labib">Lotfy Labib</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Saber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Saber (page does not exist)">Joseph Saber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Council_of_Churches" title="Egyptian Council of Churches">Egypt Council of Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Council_of_Churches" title="Middle East Council of Churches">Middle East Council of Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Communion_of_Reformed_Churches" title="World Communion of Reformed Churches">World Communion of Reformed Churches</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://synodmediacouncil.com/">Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile) (in Arabic)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://efegy.org/">The Evangelical Fellowship of Egypt (in Arabic)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/evangelical-presbyterian-church-of-egypt-synod-of-the-nile">"Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Egypt Synod of the Nile — World Council of Churches"</a>. January 1963. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130623202027/http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/evangelical-presbyterian-church-of-egypt-synod-of-the-nile">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-06-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Evangelical+Presbyterian+Church+of+Egypt+Synod+of+the+Nile+%E2%80%94+World+Council+of+Churches&rft.date=1963-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oikoumene.org%2Fen%2Fmember-churches%2Fevangelical-presbyterian-church-of-egypt-synod-of-the-nile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvangelical+Church+of+Egypt+%28Synod+of+the+Nile%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://synodmediacouncil.com/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b3/">"دليل الكنائس"</a>. <i>مجلس الإعلام والنشر سنودس النيل الإنجيلي جمهورية مصر العربية</i> (in Arabic). 2020-09-05. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211028131817/https://synodmediacouncil.com/%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B3/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-10-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85+%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1+%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B3+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A+%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.atitle=%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B3&rft.date=2020-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsynodmediacouncil.com%2F%25d8%25af%25d9%2584%25d9%258a%25d9%2584-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d9%2583%25d9%2586%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a6%25d8%25b3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvangelical+Church+of+Egypt+%28Synod+of+the+Nile%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/evangelical-presbyterian-church-of-egypt-synod-of-the-nile">"Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Egypt Synod of the Nile — World Council of Churches"</a>. January 1963. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130623202027/http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/evangelical-presbyterian-church-of-egypt-synod-of-the-nile">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-06-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Evangelical+Presbyterian+Church+of+Egypt+Synod+of+the+Nile+%E2%80%94+World+Council+of+Churches&rft.date=1963-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oikoumene.org%2Fen%2Fmember-churches%2Fevangelical-presbyterian-church-of-egypt-synod-of-the-nile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvangelical+Church+of+Egypt+%28Synod+of+the+Nile%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presbyterianmission.org/ministries/global/egypt/">"Egypt | About Our Work"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130815201939/http://www.presbyterianmission.org/ministries/global/egypt/">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-08-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt+%26%23124%3B+About+Our+Work&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presbyterianmission.org%2Fministries%2Fglobal%2Fegypt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvangelical+Church+of+Egypt+%28Synod+of+the+Nile%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Copts and marriage: You can't just marry anyone: A secular step in a conservative country", dated Jun 3rd 2010, Cairo, from <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a> print edition.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wcrc.ch/node/164">WCRC churches AFRICA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120808192417/http://www.wcrc.ch/node/164">Archived</a> August 8, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.anglicancommunion.org/acns/news.cfm/2013/3/18/ACNS5353">http://www.anglicancommunion.org/acns/news.cfm/2013/3/18/ACNS5353</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130409010615/http://www.anglicancommunion.org/acns/news.cfm/2013/3/18/ACNS5353">Archived</a> 2013-04-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (September 2022)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reformiert-online.net/adressen/detail.php?id=12172&lg=eng">"Address data base of Reformed churches and institutions"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130701163401/http://www.reformiert-online.net/adressen/detail.php?id=12172&lg=eng">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-07-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Address+data+base+of+Reformed+churches+and+institutions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reformiert-online.net%2Fadressen%2Fdetail.php%3Fid%3D12172%26lg%3Deng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvangelical+Church+of+Egypt+%28Synod+of+the+Nile%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lage2014-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lage2014_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lage- und Tätigkeitsbericht des Gustav-Adolf-Werkes für das Jahr 2013/14 Diasporawerk der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland (GAW yearly report, in German)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christiantoday.com/article/anglican.church.in.egypt.under.heavy.attack.by.other.christians/99107.htm">"Anglican Church in Egypt \'Under Heavy Attack\' - by Other Christians"</a>. 27 October 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231109193307/https://www.christiantoday.com/article/anglican.church.in.egypt.under.heavy.attack.by.other.christians/99107.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anglican+Church+in+Egypt+%5C%27Under+Heavy+Attack%5C%27+-+by+Other+Christians&rft.date=2016-10-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christiantoday.com%2Farticle%2Fanglican.church.in.egypt.under.heavy.attack.by.other.christians%2F99107.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvangelical+Church+of+Egypt+%28Synod+of+the+Nile%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://carnegieendowment.org/2011/09/22/freedom-and-justice-party-pub-54897">"Freedom and Justice Party"</a>. September 22, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231109193309/https://carnegieendowment.org/2011/09/22/freedom-and-justice-party-pub-54897">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Church">Believers Eastern Church</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" title="Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">P'ent'ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India" title="St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India">St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Nestorian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Evangelical_Church" title="Assyrian Evangelical Church">Assyrian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church" title="Assyrian Pentecostal Church">Assyrian Pentecostal Church</a></li></ul> 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