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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="cesarean section"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1457</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: cesarean section</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1457</span> Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes of Elective Versus Emergency Cesarean Deliveries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poonam%20Chouhan">Poonam Chouhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rama%20Thakur"> Rama Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20J.%20Mahajan"> R. J. Mahajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kushla%20Pathania"> Kushla Pathania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehnaz%20Kumar"> Mehnaz Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Cesarean sections are associated with short- and long-term risks and affect the health of the woman, her child, and future pregnancies. We conducted a study to compare Maternal, fetal, and neonatal elective versus emergency cesarean deliveries in a tertiary care center. Material & Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative hospital-based study conducted at Kamla Nehru State Hospital for the mother and Child, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, from June 1, 2020, to May 31ˢᵗ, 2021). A total of 200 consenting participants (100 participants undergoing elective cesarean section & 100 participants undergoing emergency cesarean section) were enrolled. The analysis was performed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: Antenatal complications were more in women who had an emergency cesarean section (95%) as compared to those who had an elective cesarean section (46%) (p=0.0076). 26.5% of women had fetal complications, and out of them, 92.4% (49/53) underwent emergency cesarean section. IUGR was diagnosed in 8% of women, out of them, 56.2% had elective cesarean section & 43.8% had an emergency cesarean section. Malpresentation other than breech presentation were present in 3.5% (7/200) of women. Six (3%) women had cesarean section for macrosomia. Of these, 66.7% (4/6) had elective cesarean section & 33.3% had emergency cesarean section. 23% (46/200) neonates required NICU admission, and 5% (10/200) had transient tachypnoea of new-born (TTNB). Conclusion: Our study concluded that maternal and fetal Complications of an emergency cesarean are more as compared to a planned elective cesarean. An elective cesarean conducted well in time will prevent an emergency cesarean delivery and its related complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal" title="maternal">maternal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fetal" title=" fetal"> fetal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonatal" title=" neonatal"> neonatal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complications" title=" complications"> complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesareans" title=" cesareans"> cesareans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164547/maternal-fetal-and-neonatal-outcomes-of-elective-versus-emergency-cesarean-deliveries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1456</span> Medical Aspects, Professionalism, and Bioethics of Anesthesia in Caesarean Section on Self-Request</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasrudin%20Andi%20Mappaware">Nasrudin Andi Mappaware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muh.%20Wirawan%20Harahap"> Muh. Wirawan Harahap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erlin%20Syahril"> Erlin Syahril</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Ekawati%20Mulyadi"> Farah Ekawati Mulyadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing trend of cesarean sections, especially those performed on self-request without medical indications, presents complex dilemmas related to medical aspects, professionalism, and bioethics. This study aims to investigate the medical, professional, and bioethical considerations surrounding anesthesia in cesarean sections performed on self-request without medical indications. We report the case of a 27-year-old woman, G1P0A0 gravid 38 weeks, admitted to the hospital for a planned cesarean section on request for the reason that she could not tolerate pain and requested on a date that corresponded to the date and month of her mother's birth. Cesarean section on patient request fulfills the principle of autonomy, which states that patients have the right to themselves. However, this medical procedure is still considered no safer and riskier even though medical technology has developed rapidly. Furthermore, anesthesia during cesarean section at self-request without medical indications is a dilemma for anesthesiologists considering the risks and complications of anesthesia for both the fetus and the mother. The trend in increasing the number of cesarean sections is influenced by patient reasons such as not being able to tolerate pain, trust factors, and worry about damage to the birth canal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anesthesia" title="anesthesia">anesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioethics" title=" bioethics"> bioethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-request" title=" self-request"> self-request</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professionalism" title=" professionalism"> professionalism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186522/medical-aspects-professionalism-and-bioethics-of-anesthesia-in-caesarean-section-on-self-request" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1455</span> The Effect of Skin to Skin Contact Immediately to Maternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy after Cesarean Section</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Triana">D. Triana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20N.%20Rachmawati"> I. N. Rachmawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Sabri"> L. Sabri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy is positively associated with increased duration of breastfeeding in different cultures and age groups. This study aims to determine the effect of skin-to-skin contact immediately after the cesarean section on maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy. The research design is Posttest quasi-experimental research design only with control groups involving 52 women with consecutive sampling in Langsa-Aceh. The data collected through breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form. The results of Independent t-test showed a significant difference in the mean values of maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy in the intervention group and the control group (59.00 ± 6.54; 49.62 ± 7.78; p= 0.001). Skin to skin contact is proven to affect the maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy after cesarean section significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breastfeeding%20self-efficacy" title="breastfeeding self-efficacy">breastfeeding self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20to%20skin%20contact" title=" skin to skin contact"> skin to skin contact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immediately" title=" immediately"> immediately</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32533/the-effect-of-skin-to-skin-contact-immediately-to-maternal-breastfeeding-self-efficacy-after-cesarean-section" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1454</span> Tranexamic Acid in Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage in Elective Cesarean Section</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20Agrawal">Ajay Agrawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravin%20Shah"> Pravin Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shailaja%20Chhetri"> Shailaja Chhetri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pappu%20Rijal"> Pappu Rijal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a common and occasionally life-threatening complication of labour. Cesarean section (CS) is associated with more blood loss than vaginal delivery. There is a trend for increasing CS rates in both developed and developing countries. This could increase the risk of morbidity and mortality, especially among anemic women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative administration of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid (TA) on blood loss during and after elective CS delivery. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective, randomized controlled study. 160 eligible pregnant women of 37 or more POG planned for CS were randomized into two groups either to receive 10ml(1gm) of tranexamic acid intravenously or 10ml of normal saline. Blood loss was measured during and for 24 hours after operation. Results: The mean estimated blood loss was significantly lower in women treated with TA compared with women in the placebo group (392.13 ml ± 10.06 versus 498.69 ml ± 15.87, respectively; p < 0.001). The mean difference in pre-operative and post-operative hemoglobin levels was statistically significant in the tranexamic acid group than in the control group (0.31 ± 0.18 versus 0.79 ± 0.23, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pre-operative use of tranexamic acid is associated with reduced blood loss during and after elective cesarean section. In a developing country like ours where PPH is a major threat to the life of the mothers, it seems to be a promising option. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20loss" title="blood loss">blood loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postpartum%20hemorrhage" title=" postpartum hemorrhage"> postpartum hemorrhage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tranexamic%20acid" title=" tranexamic acid"> tranexamic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74243/tranexamic-acid-in-prevention-of-postpartum-haemorrhage-in-elective-cesarean-section" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1453</span> Evaluation of the Effect of Intravenous Dexamethasone on Hemodynamic Variables and Hypotension in Female Undergoing Cesarean Section With Spinal Anesthesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shekoufeh%20Behdad">Shekoufeh Behdad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Yadegari"> Sahar Yadegari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Ghehrazad"> Alireza Ghehrazad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Yadegari"> Amirhossein Yadegari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In this study, we compared the effect of intravenous dexamethasone with placebo on hemodynamic variables and hypotension in patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Materials and methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted with the approval of the university ethics committee. Written informed consent was obtained from all participating patients. Before spinal anesthesia, patients were randomly assigned to receive either dexamethasone (8 mg IV) or placebo (normal saline). Hemodynamic variables, including systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures, as well as heart rate, were measured before drug administration and every 3 minutes until the birth of the neonate and then every 5 minutes until the end of surgery. Side effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting were assessed and recorded for all the patients. Results: There were no significant differences in mean systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures before and after administration of the studied drugs in both groups (P.Value>0.05), but heart rate and the incidence of hypotension in the dexamethasone group were less than placebo significantly. Conclusions: Intravenous administration of 8 mg dexamethasone before spinal anesthesia in females undergoing cesarean section can reduce the incidence of post-spinal hypotension without causing serious side effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title="cesarean section">cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypotension" title=" hypotension"> hypotension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinal%20anesthesia" title=" spinal anesthesia"> spinal anesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dexamethasone" title=" dexamethasone"> dexamethasone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176309/evaluation-of-the-effect-of-intravenous-dexamethasone-on-hemodynamic-variables-and-hypotension-in-female-undergoing-cesarean-section-with-spinal-anesthesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1452</span> Breech Versus Cephalic Elective Caesarean Deliveries – A Comparison of Immediate Neonatal Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genevieve%20R.%20Kan">Genevieve R. Kan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jolyon%20Ford"> Jolyon Ford</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Caesarean section has become the routine route of delivery for breech fetuses, but breech cesarean deliveries are hypothesized to have poorer immediate neonatal outcomes when compared to cephalic deliveries. In accordance with this, in many Australian hospitals, the pediatric team is routinely required to attend every elective breech cesarean section in case urgent resuscitation is required. Our study aimed to determine whether term elective breech deliveries indeed had worse immediate neonatal outcomes at delivery, which will justify the necessity of pediatric staff presence at every elective breech cesarean delivery and influence the workload for the pediatric team. Objective: Elective breech cesarean deliveries were compared to elective cephalic cesarean deliveries at 37 weeks gestation or above to evaluate the immediate neonatal outcomes (Apgar scores <7 at 5 minutes, and Special Care Nursery admissions on Day 1 of life) of each group. Design: A retrospective cohort study Method: This study examined 2035 elective breech and cephalic singleton cesarean deliveries at term over 5 years from July 2017 to July 2022 at Frankston Hospital, a metropolitan hospital in Melbourne, Australia. There were 260 breech deliveries and 1775 cephalic deliveries. De-identified patient data were collected retrospectively from the hospital’s electronically integrated pregnancy and birth records to assess demographics and neonatal outcomes. Results: Apgar scores <7 at 5 minutes of life were worse in the breech group compared to the cephalic group (3.4% vs 1.6%). Special Care Nursery admissions on Day 1 of life were also higher for the breech cohort compared to the cephalic cohort (9.6% vs 8.7%). Conclusions: Our results support the expected findings that breech deliveries are associated with worse immediate neonatal outcomes. It, therefore, suggests that routine attendance at elective breech cesarean deliveries by the pediatric team is indeed required to assist with potentially higher needs for neonatal resuscitation and special care nursery admission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breech" title="breech">breech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apgar%20scores" title=" Apgar scores"> Apgar scores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20care%20nursery%20admission" title=" special care nursery admission"> special care nursery admission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160822/breech-versus-cephalic-elective-caesarean-deliveries-a-comparison-of-immediate-neonatal-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1451</span> Comparative Study Between Two Different Techniques for Postoperative Analgesia in Cesarean Section Delivery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nermeen%20Elbeltagy">Nermeen Elbeltagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Hassan"> Sara Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamer%20Hosny"> Tamer Hosny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Abdelaziz"> Mostafa Abdelaziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Adequate postoperative analgesia after caesarean section (CS) is crucial as it impacts the distinct surgical recovery needs of the parturient. Over recent years, there has been increased interest in regional nerve block techniques with promising results on efficacy. These techniques reduce the need for additional analgesia, thereby lowering the incidence of drug-related side effects. As postoperative pain after cesarean is mainly due to abdominal incision, the transverses abdomenis plane ( TAP ) block is a relatively new abdominal nerve block with excellent efficacy after different abdominal surgeries, including cesarean section. Objective: The main objective is to compare ultrasound-guided TAP block provided by the anesthesiologist with TAP provided by the surgeon through a caesarean incision regarding the duration of postoperative analgesia, intensity of analgesia, timing of mobilization, and easiness of the procedure. Method: Ninety pregnant females at term who were scheduled for delivery by elective cesarean section were randomly distributed into two groups. The first group (45) received spinal anesthesia and postoperative ultrasound guided TAP block using 20ml on each side of 0.25% bupivacaine which was provided by the anesthesiologist. The second group (45) received spinal anesthesia plus a TAP block using 20ml on each side of 0.25% bupivacaine, which was provided by the surgeon through the cesarean incision. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used for the comparison between the two groups. Results: VAS score after four hours was higher among the TAP block group provided by the surgeon through the surgical incision than the postoperative analgesic profile using ultrasound-guided TAP block provided by the anesthesiologist (P=0.011). On the contrary, there was no statistical difference in the patient’s dose of analgesia after four hours of the TAP block (P=0.228). Conclusion: TAP block provided through the surgical incision is safe and enhances early patient’s mobilization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TAP%20block" title="TAP block">TAP block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CS" title=" CS"> CS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VAS" title=" VAS"> VAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analgesia" title=" analgesia"> analgesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184456/comparative-study-between-two-different-techniques-for-postoperative-analgesia-in-cesarean-section-delivery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1450</span> The Implication of Augmentation Cystoplasty with Mitrofanoff Channel on Reproduction Age Group and Outcome of Pregnancy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20A.%20Qedrah">Amal A. Qedrah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20A.%20Malik"> Sofia A. Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madiha%20Akbar"> Madiha Akbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this article is to share a rare clinical case of pregnancy and surgical delivery in a patient who has undergone augmentation cystoplasty with mitrofanoff channel in the past. Methods: This case report is about a woman who conceived naturally at the age of 27, previously underwent augmentation cystoplasty at the age of 10 years with mitrofanoff procedure using self-clean intermittent catheterization. Furthermore, this pregnancy was complicated by the presence of preeclampsia diagnosed at term and PROM. Following the failure of induction for intrapartum preeclampsia, the patient delivered a healthy baby via low transverse cesarean section at 38 weeks done at Latifa Hospital, Dubai. Conclusion: The procedure is done at a pediatric or young age, after which most patients reach reproductive age. There is no contraindication to pregnancy vaginally or surgically; however, this case was complicated by preeclampsia, due to which this patient was taken for a cesarean section. It is advisable to consult a urologist frequently along with taking regular bacteriological urine samples and blood samples with renal ultrasonography for the evaluation of the kidney. Antibacterial treatment or prophylaxis should be used during pregnancy if necessary and intermittent self-catherization is mostly performed routinely. It is also important to have a urologist on standby during the surgery in order to avoid and/or fix any complications that might come forth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmentation%20cystoplasty" title="augmentation cystoplasty">augmentation cystoplasty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delivery" title=" delivery"> delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitrofanoff%20channel" title=" mitrofanoff channel"> mitrofanoff channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130983/the-implication-of-augmentation-cystoplasty-with-mitrofanoff-channel-on-reproduction-age-group-and-outcome-of-pregnancy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1449</span> Maternal Request: A Minor but Important Contributor to the Rising Rates of Caesarean Section: A Retrospective Observational Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katherine%20Russell">Katherine Russell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Over recent decades the number of caesarean sections performed in the UK has continued to rise. The cause of the rising caesarean rate (CSR) is not well understood. However, one of the most heavily cited reasons is an increase in maternal request for caesarean section. Maternal request for caesarean section (CDMR) refers to a caesarean section performed on maternal request with no medical indication. The true rate of caesarean delivery on maternal request in the UK and its contribution to the caesarean section rate is not known. Methods: To elucidate current understanding of the cause of the rising caesarean section rate and the role of CDMR we conducted a systematic review of the literature. To determine the role of CDMR in the CSR at the PRH we conducted a retrospective observational study of the caesarean section rates and CDMR from 2009-2015. Results: We demonstrated a negative correlation between rates of elective sections and CDMR over the study period (-0.123). On average, there were more elective sections performed after 2011 (15.10% of all deliveries) than before 2011 (12.41% of all deliveries); this difference was statistically significant (p = < 0.001). There were more cases of CDMR after 2011 (1.39% of all deliveries) than before 2011 (0.85% of all deliveries). The difference in average rates of CDMR before and after 2011 was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: CDMR is only a minor contributor to the CSR at the PRH. However, it remains an important factor because it represents a target for the reduction of the CSR that is more manageable than other, more complex and ubiquitous causes of the rising CSR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title="cesarean section">cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20request%20for%20cesarean%20section" title=" maternal request for cesarean section"> maternal request for cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstetrics" title=" obstetrics"> obstetrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-natal%20health" title=" pre-natal health"> pre-natal health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111622/maternal-request-a-minor-but-important-contributor-to-the-rising-rates-of-caesarean-section-a-retrospective-observational-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1448</span> Delays for Emergency Cesarean Sections and Neonatal Outcomes in Three Rural District Hospitals in Rwanda: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Niyitegeka">J. Niyitegeka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Nshimirimana"> G. Nshimirimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Silverstein"> A. Silverstein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Odhiambo"> J. Odhiambo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Lin"> Y. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Nkurunziza"> T. Nkurunziza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Riviello"> R. Riviello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Rulisa"> S. Rulisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Banguti"> P. Banguti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Magge"> H. Magge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Macharia"> M. Macharia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20P.%20Dushime"> J. P. Dushime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Habimana"> R. Habimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Hedt-Gauthier"> B. Hedt-Gauthier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In low-resource settings, women needing an emergency cesarean section experiences various delays in both reaching and receiving care that is often linked to poor neonatal outcomes. In this study, we quantified different measures of delays and assessed the association between these delays and neonatal outcomes at three rural district hospitals in Rwanda. This retrospective study included 441 neonates and their mothers who underwent emergency cesarean sections in 2015 at Butaro, Kirehe and Rwinkwavu District Hospitals. Four possible delays were measured: Time from start of labor to district hospital admission, travel time from a health center to the district hospital, time from admission to surgical incision, and time from the decision for the emergency cesarean section to surgical incision. Neonatal outcomes were categorized as unfavorable (APGAR < 7 or death) and favorable (APGAR ≥ 7). We assessed the relationship between each type of delay and neonatal outcomes using multivariate logistic regression. In our study, 38.7% (108 out of 279) of neonates’ mothers labored for 12 to 24 hours before hospital admission and 44.7% (159 of 356) of mothers were transferred from health centers that required 30 to 60 minutes of travel time to reach the district hospital. 48.1% (178 of 370) of caesarean sections started within five hours after admission and 85.2% (288 of 338) started more than thirty minutes after the decision for the emergency cesarean section was made. Neonatal outcomes were significantly worse among mothers with more than 90 minutes of travel time from the health center to the district hospital compared to health centers attached to the hospital (OR = 5.12, p = 0.02). Neonatal outcomes were also significantly different depending on decision to incision intervals; neonates with cesarean deliveries starting more than thirty minutes after decision had better outcomes than those started immediately (OR = 0.32, p = 0.04). Interventions that decrease barriers to access to maternal health care services can improve neonatal outcome after emergency cesarean section. Triaging could explain the inverse relationship between time from decision to incision and neonatal outcome; this must be studied more in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20obstetric%20care" title=" emergency obstetric care"> emergency obstetric care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20health%20delivery" title=" rural health delivery"> rural health delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20and%20child%20health" title=" maternal and child health"> maternal and child health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62217/delays-for-emergency-cesarean-sections-and-neonatal-outcomes-in-three-rural-district-hospitals-in-rwanda-a-retrospective-cross-sectional-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62217.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1447</span> Changing Trends in the Use of Induction Agents for General Anesthesia for Cesarean Section</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Hassanin">Mahmoud Hassanin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amita%20Gupta"> Amita Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: During current practice, Thiopentone is not cost-effectively added to resources wastage, risk of drug error with antibiotics, short shelf life, infection risk, and risk of delay while preparing during category one cesarean section. There is no significant difference or preference to the other alternative as per current use. Aims and Objectives: Patient safety, Cost-effective use of trust resources, problem awareness, Consider improvising on the current practice. Methods: In conjunction with the local department survey results, many studies support the change. Results: More than 50%(15 from 29) are already using Propofol, more than 75% of the participant are willing to shift to Propofol if it becomes standard, and the cost analysis also revealed that Thiopentone 10 X500=£60 Propofol 10X200= £5.20, Cost of Thiopentone/year =£2190. Approximately GA in a year =35-40 could cost approximately £20 Propofol, given it is a well-established practice. We could save not only money, but it will be environmentally friendly also to avoid adding any carbon footprints. Recommendation: Thiopentone is rarely used as an induction agent for the category one Caesarean section in our obstetric emergency theatres. Most obstetric anesthetists are using Propofol. Keep both Propofol and thiopentone(powder not withdrawn) in the cat one cesarean section emergency drugs tray ready until the department completely changes the practice protocol. A further retrospective study is required to compare the outcomes for these induction agents through the local database. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiopentone" title="thiopentone">thiopentone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propofol" title=" propofol"> propofol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=category%201%20caesarean" title=" category 1 caesarean"> category 1 caesarean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20agents" title=" induction agents"> induction agents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153473/changing-trends-in-the-use-of-induction-agents-for-general-anesthesia-for-cesarean-section" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1446</span> Massive Intrapartum Hemorrhage Following by Inner Myometrial Laceration during a Vaginal Delivery: A Rare Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahareh%20Khakifirooz">Bahareh Khakifirooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arian%20Shojaei"> Arian Shojaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Hajialigol"> Amirhossein Hajialigol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahare%20Abdolahi"> Bahare Abdolahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laceration of the inner layer of the myometrium can cause massive bleeding during and after childbirth, which can lead to the death of the mother if it is not diagnosed in time. We studied a rare case of massive intrapartum bleeding following myometrial laceration that was diagnosed correctly, and the patient survived with in-time treatments. The patient was a 26 years-old woman who was under observation for term pregnancy and complaint of rupture of membranes (ROM) and vaginal bleeding. Following the spontaneous course of labor and without receiving oxytocin, during the normal course of labor, she had an estimated total blood loss of 750 mL bleeding, which, despite the normal fetal heart rate and with the mother's indication for cesarean section, was transferred to the operating room and underwent cesarean section. During the cesarean section, the amniotic fluid was clear; after the removal of the placenta, severe and clear bleeding was flowing from the posterior wall of the uterus, which was caused by the laceration of the inner layer of the myometrium in the posterior wall of the lower segment of the uterus. The myometrial laceration was repaired with absorbable continuous locked sutures, and hemostasis was established, then, the patient used uterotonic drugs, and after monitoring, the patient was discharged from the hospital in good condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrapartum%20hemorrhage" title="intrapartum hemorrhage">intrapartum hemorrhage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inner%20myometrial%20laceration" title=" inner myometrial laceration"> inner myometrial laceration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor" title=" labor"> labor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Increased%20intrauterine%20pressure" title=" Increased intrauterine pressure"> Increased intrauterine pressure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188869/massive-intrapartum-hemorrhage-following-by-inner-myometrial-laceration-during-a-vaginal-delivery-a-rare-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1445</span> Implementation of Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean Section at Koidu Government Hospital, Sierra Leone 2024. A Quality Improvement Project</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hailemariam%20Getachew">Hailemariam Getachew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Sandi"> John Sandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isata%20Dumbuya"> Isata Dumbuya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Efe.Azikiwe"> Patricia Efe.Azikiwe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evaline%20Nginge"> Evaline Nginge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moses%20Mugisha"> Moses Mugisha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eseoghene%20Dase"> Eseoghene Dase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foday%20Mandaray"> Foday Mandaray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20Moore"> Grace Moore</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enhanced recovery after cesarean section (ERAC) is a standardized peri- operative care program that comprises the multidisciplinary team's collective efforts working in collaboration throughout the peri-operative period with the principal goal to improve quality of surgical care, decrease surgical related complications, and increasing patient satisfaction. Objective: The main objective of this project is to improve the implementation of enhanced recovery after cesarean section at Koidu Government hospital. Identified gap: Even though the hospital is providing comprehensive maternal and child care service, there are gaps in the implementation of ERAC. According to our survey, we found that there is low (13.3%) utilization of WHO surgical safety checklist, only limited (15.9%) patients get opioid free analgesia, pain was not recorded as a vital sign, there is no standardized checklist for hand over to and from Post Anesthesia care Unit(PACU). Furthermore, there is inconsistent evidence based post-operative care and there is no local consensus protocol and guideline as well. Implementation plan: we aimed at designing standardized protocol, checklist and guideline, provide training, build staff capacity, document pain as vital sign, perform regional analgesia, and provide evidence based post-operative care, monitoring and evaluation. Result: Data from 389 cesarean mothers showed that, Utilization of the WHO surgical safety check list found to be 95%, and pain assessment and documentation was done for all surgical patients. Oral feeding, ambulation and catheter removal was performed as per the ERAC standard for all patients. Postoperative complications drastically decreased from 13.6% to 8.1%. While, the rate of readmission was kept below 1%. Furthermore, the duration of hospital stay decreased from 4.64 days to 3.12 days. Conclusion The successful implementation of ERAC protocols demonstrates through this Quality Improvement Project that, the effectiveness of the protocols in improving recovery and patient outcome following cesarean section. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20delivery" title="cesarean delivery">cesarean delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20recovery" title=" enhanced recovery"> enhanced recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20improvement" title=" quality improvement"> quality improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20outcome" title=" patient outcome"> patient outcome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193668/implementation-of-enhanced-recovery-after-cesarean-section-at-koidu-government-hospital-sierra-leone-2024-a-quality-improvement-project" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1444</span> A Qualitative Review and Meta-Analyses of Published Literature Exploring Rates and Reasons Behind the Choice of Elective Caesarean Section in Pregnant Women With No Contraindication to Trial of Labor After One Previous Caesarean Section</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Risheka%20Suthantirakumar">Risheka Suthantirakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eilish%20Pearson"> Eilish Pearson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacqueline%20Woodman"> Jacqueline Woodman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Previous research has found a variety of rates and reasons for choosing medically unindicated elective repeat cesarean section (ERCS). Understanding the frequency and reasoning of ERCS, especially when unwarranted, could help healthcare professionals better tailor their advice and service. Therefore, our study conducted meta-analyses and qualitative analyses to identify the reasons and rates worldwide for choosing this procedure over the trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC), also referred to in published literature as vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). Methods: We conducted a systematic review of published literature available on PubMed, EMBASE, and science.gov and conducted a blinded peer review process to assess eligibility. Search terms were created in collaboration with experts in the field. An inclusion and exclusion criteria were established prior to reviewing the articles. Included studies were limited to those published in English due to author constraints, although no international boundaries were used in the search. No time limit for the search was used in order to portray changes over time. Results: Our qualitative analyses found five consistent themes across international studies, which were socioeconomic and cultural differences, previous cesarean experience, perceptions of risk with vaginal birth, patients’ perceptions of future benefits, and medical advice and information. Our meta-analyses found variable rates of ERCS across international borders and within national populations. The average rate across all studies was 44% (CI 95% 36-51). Discussion: The studies included in our qualitative analysis demonstrated similar repetitive themes, which give validity to the findings across the studies included. We consider the rate variation across and within national populations to be partially a result of differing inclusion and eligibility assessment between different studies and argue that a proforma be utilized for future research to be comparable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elective%20cesarean%20section" title="elective cesarean section">elective cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VBAC" title=" VBAC"> VBAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOLAC" title=" TOLAC"> TOLAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20choice" title=" maternal choice"> maternal choice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148238/a-qualitative-review-and-meta-analyses-of-published-literature-exploring-rates-and-reasons-behind-the-choice-of-elective-caesarean-section-in-pregnant-women-with-no-contraindication-to-trial-of-labor-after-one-previous-caesarean-section" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1443</span> Unexpected Acute Respiratory Failure following Administration of Rocuronium Bromide during Cesarean Delivery in a Severely Preeclamptic Parturient Treated with Magnesium Sulfate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Carl%20Macalintal">Joseph Carl Macalintal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erlinda%20Armovit"> Erlinda Armovit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnesium sulfate has been a mainstay in the management of preeclampsia and is associated with a decreased incidence of morbidity and mortality. The syndrome has an unpredictable course, sometimes rapidly evolving to full-blown disease. In patients with deteriorating status, it is indicated to terminate the pregnancy via cesarean section. The anesthesiologists would prefer to have the procedure done under regional anesthesia; however, there may be cases when neuraxial anesthesia is contraindicated, or a general anesthesia would permit prompt delivery of the fetus. A patient with severe preeclampsia was given magnesium sulfate intrapartum, wherein a primary cesarean section was indicated for arrest in cervical dilatation, and was performed under general anesthesia. The patient developed acute respiratory failure and the causes of this occurrence were investigated in this report. It was later found out that neither the hypermagnesemia nor the muscle relaxant alone caused the patient’s condition but the interaction between the two. The patient was managed expectantly at the intensive care unit (ICU) and was eventually extubated during the 1st post-operative day. Knowledge of this drug interaction would allow obstetricians to advise their patients and their family about the possibility of prolonged intubation and ICU admission. This would also bring to the anesthesiologists’ attention the need to decrease the dose of muscle relaxant and to prepare drugs for immediate decurarisation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eclampsia" title="eclampsia">eclampsia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20sulfate" title=" magnesium sulfate"> magnesium sulfate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preeclampsia" title=" preeclampsia"> preeclampsia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rocuronium%20bromide" title=" rocuronium bromide"> rocuronium bromide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39306/unexpected-acute-respiratory-failure-following-administration-of-rocuronium-bromide-during-cesarean-delivery-in-a-severely-preeclamptic-parturient-treated-with-magnesium-sulfate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1442</span> Factors Affecting Cesarean Section among Women in Qatar Using Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey Database</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Elsaleh">Sahar Elsaleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Farhat"> Ghada Farhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaikha%20Al-Derham"> Shaikha Al-Derham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fasih%20Alam"> Fasih Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Cesarean section (CS) delivery is one of the major concerns both in developing and developed countries. The rate of CS deliveries are on the rise globally, and especially in Qatar. Many socio-economic, demographic, clinical and institutional factors play an important role for cesarean sections. This study aims to investigate factors affecting the prevalence of CS among women in Qatar using the UNICEF’s Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2012 database. Methods: The study has focused on the women’s questionnaire of the MICS, which was successfully distributed to 5699 participants. Following study inclusion and exclusion criteria, a final sample of 761 women aged 19- 49 years who had at least one delivery of giving birth in their lifetime before the survey were included. A number of socio-economic, demographic, clinical and institutional factors, identified through literature review and available in the data, were considered for the analyses. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models, along with a multi-level modeling to investigate clustering effect, were undertaken to identify the factors that affect CS prevalence in Qatar. Results: From the bivariate analyses the study has shown that, a number of categorical factors are statistically significantly associated with the dependent variable (CS). When identifying the factors from a multivariate logistic regression, the study found that only three categorical factors -‘age of women’, ‘place at delivery’ and ‘baby weight’ appeared to be significantly affecting the CS among women in Qatar. Although the MICS dataset is based on a cluster survey, an exploratory multi-level analysis did not show any clustering effect, i.e. no significant variation in results at higher level (households), suggesting that all analyses at lower level (individual respondent) are valid without any significant bias in results. Conclusion: The study found a statistically significant association between the dependent variable (CS delivery) and age of women, frequency of TV watching, assistance at birth and place of birth. These results need to be interpreted cautiously; however, it can be used as evidence-base for further research on cesarean section delivery in Qatar. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title="cesarean section">cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors" title=" factors"> factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20indicator%20cluster%20survey" title=" multiple indicator cluster survey"> multiple indicator cluster survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MICS%20database" title=" MICS database"> MICS database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qatar" title=" Qatar"> Qatar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121593/factors-affecting-cesarean-section-among-women-in-qatar-using-multiple-indicator-cluster-survey-database" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1441</span> Comparing the Effects of Ondansetron and Acupressure in PC6 Point on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergone Elective Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasrin%20Galehdar">Nasrin Galehdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedigheh%20Nadri"> Sedigheh Nadri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Nazari"> Elham Nazari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isan%20Darvishi"> Isan Darvishi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abouzar%20Mohammadi"> Abouzar Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and aim:Nausea and vomiting are complications of cesarean section. The pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches were applied to decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of Ondansetron and acupressure on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergone an elective cesarean section. Materials and method: The study was designed as a randomized clinical trial. A total of 120 patients were allocated to two equal groups. Four mgs of Ondansetron was administered for the Ondansetron group after clamping the umbilical cord. The acupressure bracelets were fastened in the PC6 point for acupressure group for 15 minutes. The patients were monitored in terms of incidence, severity, and episodes of nausea and vomiting. The data obtained were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 with a significance level of 0.05. Results: There was no significant statistical difference in nausea severity among the groups intra-operatively, in the recovery and surgery wards. The incidence and episodes of vomiting were significantly higher in patients undergone acupressure intra-operatively, in the recovery and surgery wards (P< 0.05). No significant effect of acupressure was reported in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: No significant effect of acupressure was reported in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Thus, it is suggested to perform the studies with larger size and comparing the effects of acupressure with other antiemetic medications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ondansetron" title="ondansetron">ondansetron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acupressure" title=" acupressure"> acupressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nausea" title=" nausea"> nausea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vomiting" title=" vomiting"> vomiting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147629/comparing-the-effects-of-ondansetron-and-acupressure-in-pc6-point-on-postoperative-nausea-and-vomiting-in-patients-undergone-elective-cesarean-section-a-randomized-clinical-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1440</span> Effects of Umbilical Cord Clamping on Puppies Neonatal Vitality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20L.%20G.%20Louren%C3%A7o">Maria L. G. Lourenço</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keylla%20H.%20N.%20P.%20Pereira"> Keylla H. N. P. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viviane%20Y.%20Hibaru"> Viviane Y. Hibaru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabiana%20F.%20Souza"> Fabiana F. Souza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joao%20C.%20P.%20Ferreira"> Joao C. P. Ferreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simone%20B.%20Chiacchio"> Simone B. Chiacchio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luiz%20H.%20A.%20Machado"> Luiz H. A. Machado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In veterinary medicine, the standard procedure during a caesarian section is clamping the umbilical cord immediately after birth. In human neonates, when the umbilical cord is kept intact after birth, blood continues to flow from the cord to the newborn, but this procedure may prove to be difficult in dogs due to the shorter umbilical cord and the number of newborns in the litter. However, a possible detachment of the placenta while keeping the umbilical cord intact may make the residual blood to flow to the neonate. This study compared the effects on neonatal vitality between clamping and no clamping the umbilical cord of dogs born through cesarean section, assessing them through Apgar and reflex scores. Fifty puppies delivered from 16 bitches were randomly allocated to receive clamping of the umbilical cord immediately (n=25) or to not receive the clamping until breathing (n=25). The neonates were assessed during the first five min of life and once again 10 min after the first assessment. The differences observed between the two moments were significant (p < 0.01) for both the Apgar and reflex scores. The differences observed between the groups (clamped vs. not clamped) were not significant for the Apgar score in the 1st moment (p=0.1), but the 2nd moment was significantly (p < 0.01) in the group not clamped, as well as significant (p < 0.05) for the reflex score in the 1st moment and 2nd moment (p < 0.05), revealing higher neonatal vitality in the not clamped group. The differences observed between the moments (1st vs. 2nd) of each group as significant (p < 0.01), revealing higher neonatal vitality in the 2nd moments. In the no clamping group, after removing the neonates together with the umbilical cord and the placenta, we observed that the umbilical cords were full of blood at the time of birth and later became whitish and collapsed, demonstrating the blood transfer. The results suggest that keeping the umbilical cord intact for at least three minutes after the onset breathing is not detrimental and may contribute to increase neonate vitality in puppies delivered by cesarean section. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=puppy%20vitality" title="puppy vitality">puppy vitality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=newborn%20dog" title=" newborn dog"> newborn dog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apgar%20score" title=" Apgar score"> Apgar score</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117726/effects-of-umbilical-cord-clamping-on-puppies-neonatal-vitality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1439</span> Comparative Study for Neonatal Outcome and Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Parameters in Balanced and Inhalant Anesthesia for Elective Cesarean Section in Dogs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agnieszka%20Anto%C5%84czyk">Agnieszka Antończyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma%C5%82Gorzata%20Ochota"> MałGorzata Ochota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wojciech%20Ni%C5%BCa%C5%84ski"> Wojciech Niżański</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdzis%C5%82Aw%20Kie%C5%82bowicz"> ZdzisłAw Kiełbowicz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of the cesarean section (CS) is the delivery of healthy, vigorous pups with the provision of surgical plane anesthesia, appropriate analgesia, and rapid recovery of the dam. In human medicine, spinal or epidural anesthesia is preferred for a cesarean section as associated with a lower risk of neonatal asphyxia and the need for resuscitation. Nevertheless, the specificity of veterinary patients makes the application of regional anesthesia as a sole technique impractical, thus to obtain patient compliance the general anesthesia is required. This study aimed to compare the influence of balanced (inhalant with epidural) and inhalant anesthesia on neonatal umbilical cord blood gas (UCBG) parameters and vitality (modified Apgar scoring). The bitches (31) undergoing elective CS were enrolled in this study. All females received a single dose of 0.2 mg/kg s.c. Meloxicam. Females were randomly assigned into two groups: Gr I (Isoflurane, n=16) and Gr IE (Isoflurane plus Epidural, n=15). Anesthesia was induced with propofol at 4-6 mg/kg to effect, and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen; in IE group epidural anesthesia was also done using lidocaine (3-4 mg/kg) into the lumbosacral space. CSs were performed using a standard mid-line approach. Directly after the puppy extraction, the umbilical cord was double clamped before the placenta detachment. The vessels were gently stretched between forceps to allow blood sampling. At least 100 mcl of mixed umbilical cord blood was collected into a heparinized syringe for further analysis. The modified Apgar scoring system (AS) was used to objectively score neonatal health and vitality immediately after birth (before first aid or neonatal care was instituted), at 5 and 20 min after birth. The neonates were scored as normal (AS 7-10), weak (AS 4-6), or critical (AS 0-3). During surgery, the IE group required a lower isoflurane concentration compared to the females in group I (MAC 1.05±0.2 and 1.4±0.13, respectively, p<0.01). All investigated UCBG parameters were not statistically different between groups. All pups had mild acidosis (pH 7.21±0.08 and 7.21±0.09 in Gr I and IE, respectively) with moderately elevated pCO2 (Gr I 57.18±11.48, Gr IE 58.74±15.07), HCO3- on the lower border (Gr I 22.58±3.24, Gr IE 22.83±3.6), lowered BE (Gr I -6.1±3.57, Gr IE -5.6±4.19) and mildly elevated level of lactates (Gr I 2.58±1.48, Gr IE2.53±1.03). The glucose levels were above the reference limits in both groups of puppies (74.50±25.32 in Gr I, 79.50±29.73 in Gr IE). The initial Apgar score results were similar in I and IE groups. However, the subsequent measurements of AS revealed significant differences between both groups. Puppies from the IE group received better AS scores at 5 and 20 min compared to the I group (6.86±2.23 and 8.06±2.06 vs 5.11±2.40 and 7.83±2.05, respectively). The obtained results demonstrated that administration of epidural anesthesia reduced the requirement for isoflurane in dams undergoing cesarean section and did not affect the neonatal umbilical blood gas results. Moreover, newborns from the epidural anesthesia group were scored significantly higher in AS at 5 and 20 min, indicating their better vitality and quicker improvement post-surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apgar%20scoring" title="apgar scoring">apgar scoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balanced%20anesthesia" title=" balanced anesthesia"> balanced anesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=umbilical%20blood%20gas" title=" umbilical blood gas"> umbilical blood gas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137031/comparative-study-for-neonatal-outcome-and-umbilical-cord-blood-gas-parameters-in-balanced-and-inhalant-anesthesia-for-elective-cesarean-section-in-dogs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1438</span> Metastatic Ovarian Tumor Discovered Accidentally during Cesarean Section in a 34 Year Old Woman: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20E.%20Esheba">Ghada E. Esheba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghufran%20Kheshaifaty"> Ghufran Kheshaifaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kholoud%20%20Al-Harbi"> Kholoud Al-Harbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafa%27a%20Al-Harbi"> Wafa'a Al-Harbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ala%27a%20Al-Orabi"> Ala'a Al-Orabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moayad%20Turkistani"> Moayad Turkistani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Krukenberg tumor is a rare metastatic ovarian carcinoma that usually occurs in female between 30 - 40 year old and rarely seen after menopause. Stomach is the most common primary site. Histopathological features of krukenberg tumors appear as diffuse stromal proliferation, mucus-production, and numerous signet-cells and these tumors spread mostly by lymphatic route. Treatment and prognostic factors are not well established. This study describes a 34 year old female with a unilateral ovarian mass discovered accidentally during cesarean section delivery and it was misdiagnosed as luteoma of pregnancy, but histopathological examination showed a diffuse infiltration of the ovary and omentum by signet ring cells. These findings were not correlated with luteoma of pregnancy or any other types of primary ovarian tumors like surface epithelial tumor, sex cord stromal tumor or germ cell tumor. However, after the analysis of immunohistochemical results (negative CK7, positive CK20 and CDX-2), the finding was the diagnostic of metastatic krukenberg tumor. Two weeks later, the patient was evaluated and a large gastric tumor was found in her stomach and she underwent gastrectomy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CK7" title="CK7">CK7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CK20" title=" CK20"> CK20</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDX-2" title=" CDX-2"> CDX-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krukenburg%20tumor" title=" Krukenburg tumor"> Krukenburg tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastatic%20ovarian%20tumor" title=" metastatic ovarian tumor"> metastatic ovarian tumor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59354/metastatic-ovarian-tumor-discovered-accidentally-during-cesarean-section-in-a-34-year-old-woman-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1437</span> The Role of Uterine Artery Embolization in the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chee%20Wai%20Ku">Chee Wai Ku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pui%20See%20Chin"> Pui See Chin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As an emerging alternative to hysterectomy, uterine artery embolization (UAE) has been widely used in the management of fibroids and in controlling postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) unresponsive to other therapies. Research has shown UAE to be a safe, minimally invasive procedure with few complications and minimal effects on future fertility. We present two cases highlighting the use of UAE in preventing PPH in a patient with a large fibroid at the time of cesarean section and in the treatment of secondary PPH refractory to other therapies in another patient. We present a 36-year primiparous woman who booked at 18+6 weeks gestation with a 13.7 cm subserosal fibroid at the lower anterior wall of the uterus near the cervix and a 10.8 cm subserosal fibroid in the left wall. Prophylactic internal iliac artery occlusion balloons were placed prior to the planned classical midline cesarean section. The balloons were inflated once the baby was delivered. Bilateral uterine arteries were embolized subsequently. The estimated blood loss (EBL) was 400 mls and hemoglobin (Hb) remained stable at 10 g/DL. Ultrasound scan 2 years postnatally showed stable uterine fibroids 10.4 and 7.1 cm, which was significantly smaller than before. We present the second case of a 40-year-old G2P1 with a previous cesarean section for failure to progress. There were no antenatal problems, and the placenta was not previa. She presented with term labour and underwent an emergency cesarean section for failed vaginal birth after cesarean. Intraoperatively extensive adhesions were noted with bladder drawn high, and EBL was 300 mls. Postpartum recovery was uneventful. She presented with secondary PPH 3 weeks later complicated by hypovolemic shock. She underwent an emergency examination under anesthesia and evacuation of the uterus, with EBL 2500mls. Histology showed decidua with chronic inflammation. She was discharged well with no further PPH. She subsequently returned one week later for secondary PPH. Bedside ultrasound showed that the endometrium was thin with no evidence of retained products of conception. Uterotonics were administered, and examination under anesthesia was performed, with uterine Bakri balloon and vaginal pack insertion after. EBL was 1000 mls. There was no definite cause of PPH with no uterine atony or products of conception. To evaluate a potential cause, pelvic angiogram and super selective left uterine arteriogram was performed which showed profuse contrast extravasation and acute bleeding from the left uterine artery. Superselective embolization of the left uterine artery was performed. No gross contrast extravasation from the right uterine artery was seen. These two cases demonstrated the superior efficacy of UAE. Firstly, the prophylactic use of intra-arterial balloon catheters in pregnant patients with large fibroids, and secondly, in the diagnosis and management of secondary PPH refractory to uterotonics and uterine tamponade. In both cases, the need for laparotomy hysterectomy was avoided, resulting in the preservation of future fertility. UAE should be a consideration for hemodynamically stable patients in centres with access to interventional radiology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility%20preservation" title="fertility preservation">fertility preservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20postpartum%20hemorrhage" title=" secondary postpartum hemorrhage"> secondary postpartum hemorrhage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uterine%20embolization" title=" uterine embolization"> uterine embolization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uterine%20fibroids" title=" uterine fibroids"> uterine fibroids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68731/the-role-of-uterine-artery-embolization-in-the-management-of-postpartum-hemorrhage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1436</span> Orthopedic Trauma in Newborn Babies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanna%20Maj">Joanna Maj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awais%20Hussain"> Awais Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyndsey%20Vu"> Lyndsey Vu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20Roxas"> Catherine Roxas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Bone injuries in babies are common conditions that arise during delivery. Fractures of the clavicle, humerus, femur, and skull are the most common neonatal bone injuries sustained from labor and delivery. During operative deliveries, zealous tractions, ineffective delivery techniques, improper uterine incision, and inadequate relaxation of the uterus can lead to bone fractures in the newborn. Neonatal anatomy is unique. Just as children are not mini-adults, newborns are not mini children. A newborn’s anatomy and physiology are significantly different from a pediatric patient's. In this paper, we describe common orthopedic trauma in newborn babies. We provide a comprehensive overview of the different types of bone injuries in newborns. We hypothesize that the rate of bone fractures sustained at birth is higher in cases of operative deliveries. Methods: Relevant literature was selected by using the PubMed database. Search terms included orthopedic conditions in newborns, neonatal anatomy, and bone fractures in neonates during operative deliveries. Inclusion criteria included age, gender, race, type of bone injury and progression of bone injury. Exclusion criteria were limited in the medical history of cases reviewed and comorbidities. Results: This review finds that a clavicle fracture is the most common type of neonatal orthopedic injury sustained at birth in both operative and non-operative deliveries. We confirm the hypothesis that infants born via operative deliveries have a significantly higher rate of bone fractures than non-cesarean section deliveries. Conclusion: Newborn babies born via operative deliveries have a higher rate of bone fractures of the clavicle, humerus, and femur. A clavicle bone fracture in newborns is most common during emergency operative deliveries in new mothers. We conclude that infants born via an operative delivery sustained more bone injuries than infants born via non-cesarean section deliveries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clavicle%20fracture" title="clavicle fracture">clavicle fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humerus%20fracture" title=" humerus fracture"> humerus fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonates" title=" neonates"> neonates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=newborn%20orthopedics" title=" newborn orthopedics"> newborn orthopedics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthopedic%20surgery" title=" orthopedic surgery"> orthopedic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatrics" title=" pediatrics"> pediatrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthopedic%20trauma" title=" orthopedic trauma"> orthopedic trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthopedic%20trauma%20during%20delivery" title=" orthopedic trauma during delivery"> orthopedic trauma during delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstetrics" title=" obstetrics"> obstetrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonatal%20anatomy" title=" neonatal anatomy"> neonatal anatomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonatal%20fractures" title=" neonatal fractures"> neonatal fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operative%20deliveries" title=" operative deliveries"> operative deliveries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20and%20delivery" title=" labor and delivery"> labor and delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20injuries%20in%20neonates" title=" bone injuries in neonates"> bone injuries in neonates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158766/orthopedic-trauma-in-newborn-babies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158766.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1435</span> A Comparison of Caesarean Section Indications and Characteristics in 2009 and 2020 in a Saudi Tertiary Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20K.%20Basudan">Sarah K. Basudan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ragad%20I.%20Al%20Jazzar"> Ragad I. Al Jazzar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinah%20Sulaihim"> Zeinah Sulaihim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20M.%20Al-Kadri"> Hanan M. Al-Kadri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Cesarean section has been increasing in recent years, with a wide range of etiologies contributing to this rise. This study aimed to assess the indications, outcomes, and complications in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A Retrospective Cohort study was conducted at King Abdulaziz medical city. The study includes two cohorts: G1 (2009) and G2 (2020) groups who met the inclusion criteria. The data was transferred to the SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 24 for analysis. The initial descriptive statistics were run for all variables, including numerical and categorical data. The numerical data were reported as median, and standard deviation and categorical data were reported as frequencies and percentages. Results: The data were collected from 399 women who were divided into two groups, G1(199) and G2(200). The mean age of all participants is 32+-6; G1 and G2 had significant differences in age means with 30+-6 and 34+-5, respectively, with a p-value of <0.001, which indicates delayed fertility by four years. Moreover, a breech presentation was less likely to occur in G2 (OR 0.64, CI: 0.21-0.62. P<0.001). Nonetheless, maternal causes such as repeated C-sections and maternal medical conditions were more likely to happen in G2 (OR 1.5, CI: 1.04-2.38, p=0.03) and (OR 5.4, CI: 1.12-23.9, P=0.01), respectively. Furthermore, postpartum hemorrhage showed an increase of 12% in G2 (OR 5.4, CI: 2.2-13.4, p<0.001). G2 was more likely to be admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (OR 16, CI: 7.4-38.7) and to special care baby (SCB) (OR 7.2, CI: 3.9-13.1), both with a p-value<0.001 compared to regular nursery admission. Conclusion: There are multiple factors that are contributing to the increase in c section rate in a Saudi tertiary hospitals. The factors were suggested to be previous c-sections, abnormal fetal heart rate, malpresentation, and maternal or fetal medical conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20sections" title="cesarean sections">cesarean sections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20indications" title=" maternal indications"> maternal indications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20complications" title=" maternal complications"> maternal complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neonatal%20condition" title=" neonatal condition"> neonatal condition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149738/a-comparison-of-caesarean-section-indications-and-characteristics-in-2009-and-2020-in-a-saudi-tertiary-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1434</span> A Look into Surgical Site Infections: Impact of Collective Interventions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Bennett">Lisa Bennett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Walters"> Cynthia Walters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Argani"> Cynthia Argani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Satin"> Andy Satin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geeta%20Sood"> Geeta Sood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerri%20Huber"> Kerri Huber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Grubb"> Lisa Grubb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woodrow%20Noble"> Woodrow Noble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melissa%20Eichelberger"> Melissa Eichelberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darlene%20Zinalabedini"> Darlene Zinalabedini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Ausby"> Eric Ausby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeffrey%20Snyder"> Jeffrey Snyder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Kirchoff"> Kevin Kirchoff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) within the obstetric population pose a variety of complications, creating clinical and personal challenges for the new mother and her neonate during the postpartum period. Our journey to achieve compliance with the SSI core measure for cesarean sections revealed many opportunities to improve these outcomes. Objective: Achieve and sustain core measure compliance keeping surgical site infection rates below the national benchmark pooled mean of 1.8% in post-operative patients, who delivered via cesarean section at the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Methods: A root cause analysis was performed and revealed several environmental, pharmacologic, and clinical practice opportunities for improvement. A multidisciplinary approach led by the OB Safety Nurse, OB Medical Director, and Infectious Disease Department resulted in the implementation of fourteen interventions over a twenty-month period. Interventions included: post-operative dressing changes, standardizing operating room attire, broadening pre-operative antibiotics, initiating vaginal preps, improving operating room terminal cleaning, testing air quality, and re-educating scrub technicians on technique. Results: Prior to the implementation of our interventions, the SSI quarterly rate in Obstetrics peaked at 6.10%. Although no single intervention resulted in dramatic improvement, after implementation of all fourteen interventions, the quarterly SSI rate has subsequently ranged from to 0.0% to 2.70%. Significance: Taking an introspective look at current practices can reveal opportunities for improvement which previously were not considered. Collectively the benefit of these interventions has shown a significant decrease in surgical site infection rates. The impact of this quality improvement project highlights the synergy created when members of the multidisciplinary team work in collaboration to improve patient safety, and achieve a high quality of care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title="cesarean section">cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20site%20infection" title=" surgical site infection"> surgical site infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration%20and%20teamwork" title=" collaboration and teamwork"> collaboration and teamwork</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety" title=" patient safety"> patient safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20improvement" title=" quality improvement"> quality improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35074/a-look-into-surgical-site-infections-impact-of-collective-interventions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1433</span> Successful Cesarean Delivery with Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support in a Pregnant Woman with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Heart Failure Complicated by a Rare Condition of Pre-B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in P</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristel%20Dame%20Ba%C3%B1ez%20Sumagaysay">Kristel Dame Bañez Sumagaysay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20Victoria%20Cruz-javier"> Marie Victoria Cruz-javier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current subject is a case of a 21 year-old woman at 29 1/7 weeks of gestation with Pre-B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia who was admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) of the St. Luke’s Medical Center-Global City for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) secondary to hospital-acquired pneumonia secondary to pneumocystis jiroveci; central line-associated bloodstream infection (E. aerogenes). She presented with chronic hypoxemia caused by Pulmonary edema, probably secondary to heart failure secondary to cardiomyopathy chemotherapy-induced. Due to worsening feto-maternal status, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for respiratory support was instituted, and an elective cesarean section was done due to multiple maternal factors and deteriorating health status under total intravenous anesthesia assisted by veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. She delivered a live preterm newborn male, APGAR Score: 1, 0, 0, birth weight 985 grams, birth length: 40.5cm, small for gestational age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extracorporeal%20membrane%20oxygenation" title="extracorporeal membrane oxygenation">extracorporeal membrane oxygenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-b%20cell%20acute%20lymphoblastic%20leukemia" title=" pre-b cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia"> pre-b cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20acute%20respiratory%20distress%20syndrome" title=" severe acute respiratory distress syndrome"> severe acute respiratory distress syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20dilemmas" title=" ethical dilemmas"> ethical dilemmas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168204/successful-cesarean-delivery-with-veno-venous-extracorporeal-membrane-oxygenation-support-in-a-pregnant-woman-with-severe-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome-and-heart-failure-complicated-by-a-rare-condition-of-pre-b-cell-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-in-p" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1432</span> Placenta A Classical Caesarean Section with Peripartum Hysterectomy at 27+3 Weeks Gestation For Placnta Accreta</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huda%20Abdelrhman%20Osman%20Ahmed">Huda Abdelrhman Osman Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Feyi%20Waboso"> Paul Feyi Waboso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders present a significant challenge in obstetric management due to the high risk of hemorrhage and potential complications at delivery. This case describes a 27+3 weeks gestation in a patient with placenta accreta managed with classical cesarean section and peripartum hysterectomy. Case Description: AGravida 4P3 patient presented at 27+3 weeks gestation with painless, unprovoked vaginal bleeding and an estimated blood loss (EBL) of 300 mL. At the 20+5 week anomaly scan, a placenta previa was identified anterior, covering the os anterior uterus and containing lacunae with signs of myometrial thinning. At a 24+1 week scan conducted at a tertiary center, further imaging indicated placenta increta with invasion into the myometrium and potential areas of placenta percreta. The patient’s past obstetric history included three previous cesarean sections, with no significant medical or surgical history. Social history revealed heavy smoking but no alcohol use. No drug allergies were reported. Given the risks associated with PAS, a management plan was formulated, including an MRI at a later stage and cesarean delivery with a possible hysterectomy between 34-36 weeks. However, at 27+3 weeks, the patient experienced another episode of vaginal bleeding EBL 500 ml, necessitating immediate intervention. Management: As the patient was unstable, she was not transferred to the tertiary center. Completed and informed consent was obtained. MDT planning-group and cross-matching 4 units, uterotonics. Tranexamic acid blood products, cryo, cell salvage, 2 obstetric consultants and an anesthetic consultant, blood bank aware and hematologist. HDU bed and ITU availability. This study assisted in performing a classical Caesarean section, Where the urologist inserted JJ ureteric stents. Following this, we also assisted in a total abdominal hysterectomy with the conservation of ovaries. 4 units RBC and 1 unit FFP were transfused. The total blood loss was 2.3 L. Outcome: The procedure successfully achieved hemostasis, and the neonate was delivered with subsequent transfer to a neonatal intensive care unit for management. The patient’s postoperative course was monitored closely with no immediate complications. Discussion: This case highlights the complexity and urgency in managing placenta accreta spectrum disorders, particularly with the added challenges posed by remote location and limited tertiary support. The need for rapid decision-making and interdisciplinary coordination is emphasized in such high-risk obstetric cases. The case also underscores the potential for surgical intervention and the importance of family involvement in emergent care decisions. Conclusion: Placenta accreta spectrum disorders demand meticulous planning and timely intervention. This case contributes to understanding PAS management at earlier gestational ages and provides insights into the challenges posed by access to tertiary care, especially in urgent situations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Accreta" title="Accreta">Accreta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hysterectomy" title=" Hysterectomy"> Hysterectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3MDT" title=" 3MDT"> 3MDT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prematurity" title=" prematurity"> prematurity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193450/placenta-a-classical-caesarean-section-with-peripartum-hysterectomy-at-273-weeks-gestation-for-placnta-accreta" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1431</span> Transversal Connection Strengthening of T Section Beam Bridge with Brace System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Chen">Chen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> T section beam bridge has been widely used in China as it is low cost and easy to erect. Some of T section beam bridges only have end diagrams and the adjacent girders are connected by wet-joint along span, which leads to the damage of transversal connection becomes a serious problem in operation and maintenance. This paper presents a brace system to strengthen the transversal connection of T section beam bridge. The strengthening effect was discussed by experiments and finite element analysis. The results show that the proposed brace system can improve load transfer between adjacent girders. Based on experiments and FEA model, displacement of T section beam with proposed brace system reduced 14.9% and 19.1% respectively. Integral rigidity increased 19.4% by static experiments. The transversal connection of T section beam bridge can be improved efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiment" title="experiment">experiment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening" title=" strengthening"> strengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%20section%20beam%20bridge" title=" T section beam bridge"> T section beam bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transversal%20connection" title=" transversal connection"> transversal connection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78983/transversal-connection-strengthening-of-t-section-beam-bridge-with-brace-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1430</span> A Case of Umbilical Arterial Atresia in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caixiu%20Pu">Caixiu Pu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen%20Chen"> Zhen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present the rare case of umbilical arterial atresia, leading to a good outcome and provide clinical and pathological findings. A 27-year-old nulliparous first gravida with PGDM was found single umbilical artery(SUA) by routine ultrasound san at 30 weeeks of gestation. Fetal status was monitored weekly. A healthy male newborn was delivered by cesarean section at 39 weeks. The umbilical cord was overly twisted and no thrombus was found along the whole diseased vessel. The cause of umbilical arterial atresia was unclear, and the correct diagnosis was a challenge. Expected clinical management was recommended, in which sonographic diagnosis may play a very important part. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title="pregnancy">pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20umbilical%20artery" title=" single umbilical artery"> single umbilical artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=umbilical%20arterial%20atresia" title=" umbilical arterial atresia"> umbilical arterial atresia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20diagnosis" title=" prenatal diagnosis"> prenatal diagnosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187319/a-case-of-umbilical-arterial-atresia-in-the-third-trimester-of-pregnancy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1429</span> Impact of Maternal Nationality on Caesarean Section Rate Variation in a High-income Country</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saheed%20Shittu">Saheed Shittu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lolwa%20Alansari"> Lolwa Alansari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahed%20Nattouf"> Fahed Nattouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tawa%20Olukade"> Tawa Olukade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naji%20Abdallah"> Naji Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamara%20Alshdafat"> Tamara Alshdafat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarra%20Amdouni"> Sarra Amdouni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cesarean sections (CS), a highly regarded surgical intervention for improving fetal-maternal outcomes and serving as an integral part of emergency obstetric services, are not without complications. Although CS has many advantages, it poses significant risks to both mother and child and increases healthcare expenditures in the long run. The escalating global prevalence of CS, coupled with variations in rates among immigrant populations, has prompted an inquiry into the correlation between CS rates and the nationalities of women undergoing deliveries at Al-Wakra Hospital (AWH), Qatar's second-largest public maternity hospital. This inquiry is motivated by the notable CS rate of 36%, deemed high in comparison to the 34% recorded across other Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) maternity divisions This is Qatar's first comprehensive investigation of Caesarean section rates and nationalities. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, and data for all births delivered in 2019 were retrieved from the hospital's electronic medical records. The CS rate, the crude rate, and adjusted risks of Caesarean delivery for mothers from each nationality were determined. The common indications for CS were analysed based on nationality. The association between nationality and Caesarean rates was examined using binomial logistic regression analysis considering Qatari women as a standard reference group. The correlation between the CS rate in the country of nationality and the observed CS rate in Qatar was also examined using Pearson's correlation. This study included 4,816 births from 69 different nationalities. CS was performed in 1767 women, equating to 36.5%. The nationalities with the highest CS rates were Egyptian (49.6%), Lebanese (45.5%), Filipino and Indian (both 42.2%). Qatari women recorded a CS rate of 33.4%. The major indication for elective CS was previous multiple CS (39.9%) and one prior CS, where the patient declined vaginal birth after the cesarean (VBAC) option (26.8%). A distinct pattern was noticed: elective CS was predominantly performed on Arab women, whereas emergency CS was common among women of Asian and Sub-Saharan African nationalities. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the CS rates in Qatar and the women's countries of origin. Also, a high CS rate was linked to instances of previous CS. As a result of these insights, strategic interventions were successfully implemented at the facility to mitigate unwarranted CS, resulting in a notable reduction in CS rate from 36.5% in 2019 to 34% in 2022. This proves the efficacy of the meticulously researched approach. The focus has now shifted to reducing primary CS rates and facilitating well-informed decisions regarding childbirth methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20nationality" title="maternal nationality">maternal nationality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caesarean%20section%20rate%20variation" title=" caesarean section rate variation"> caesarean section rate variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migrants" title=" migrants"> migrants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-income%20country" title=" high-income country"> high-income country</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179021/impact-of-maternal-nationality-on-caesarean-section-rate-variation-in-a-high-income-country" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1428</span> A Saudi Woman with Tokophobia: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wid%20Kattan">Wid Kattan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahaf%20Albarraq"> Rahaf Albarraq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Tokophobia is a pathological fear of pregnancy that can lead to the avoidance of childbirth. It is classified as primary or secondary. This report describes a patient with tokophobia, as well as her presentation, risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment. Case Presentation: A 43-year-old Saudi woman experienced tokophobia upon becoming pregnant for the fifth time. She was assessed in two clinical interviews by a consultant psychiatrist specializing in women’s mental health. In addition, she completed several questionnaires for assessment of different aspects of her mental health: overall depression, perinatal depression, generalized anxiety, maternal functioning, and fear of childbirth (FOC). Several risk factors and comorbidities that may have contributed to the development of tokophobia in this patient were discussed, including traumatic experiences in previous deliveries, the unplanned nature of the pregnancy, perinatal depression, and pronounced symptoms of anxiety. A collaborative decision to perform a C-section was made, in line with obstetric guidelines and good mental health practice. Full symptomatic recovery was achieved immediately after delivery. Conclusions: We hope to increase clinical awareness of the assessment and management of tokophobia, which is a relatively new concept and, as yet, understudied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tokophobia" title="tokophobia">tokophobia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fear%20of%20childbirth" title=" fear of childbirth"> fear of childbirth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title=" anxiety"> anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20report" title=" case report"> case report</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fear%20of%20delivery" title=" fear of delivery"> fear of delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychiatry" title=" psychiatry"> psychiatry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title=" cesarean section"> cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perinatal%20depression" title=" perinatal depression"> perinatal depression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153171/a-saudi-woman-with-tokophobia-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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