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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mogelijkheden_en_toepassingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mogelijkheden_en_toepassingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mogelijkheden en toepassingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mogelijkheden_en_toepassingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modules:_CPAN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modules:_CPAN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Modules: CPAN</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modules:_CPAN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentatie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentatie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Documentatie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentatie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Licentie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Licentie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Licentie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Licentie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voorbeelden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voorbeelden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voorbeelden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voorbeelden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kritiek_op_Perl" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kritiek_op_Perl"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kritiek op Perl</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kritiek_op_Perl-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Kritiek op Perl-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kritiek_op_Perl-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Symboolgebruik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symboolgebruik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Symboolgebruik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symboolgebruik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syntactische_vrijheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syntactische_vrijheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Syntactische vrijheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syntactische_vrijheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compactheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compactheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Compactheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compactheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perl_leren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perl_leren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Perl leren</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Perl_leren-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Perl leren-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Perl_leren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Boeken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boeken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Boeken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boeken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perldoc" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perldoc"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Perldoc</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perldoc-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis_van_Perl" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis_van_Perl"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Geschiedenis van Perl</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis_van_Perl-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis van Perl-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis_van_Perl-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perl_1.0" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perl_1.0"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Perl 1.0</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perl_1.0-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perl_2_t/m_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perl_2_t/m_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Perl 2 t/m 4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perl_2_t/m_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perl_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perl_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Perl 5</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perl_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perl_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perl_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Perl 6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perl_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perl_in_actie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perl_in_actie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Perl in actie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perl_in_actie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Perl (programmeertaal)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 82 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84" title="بيرل – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيرل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BB_(%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5)" title="Пърл (език за програмиране) – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пърл (език за програмиране)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE)" title="পার্ল (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা) – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পার্ল (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%B5_(%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C)" title="پێرڵ (پرۆگرامسازی) – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێرڵ (پرۆگرامسازی)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_(iaith_raglennu)" title="Perl (iaith raglennu) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Perl (iaith raglennu)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_(Programmiersprache)" title="Perl (Programmiersprache) – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Perl (Programmiersprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%84" title="پرل – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_(langage)" title="Perl (langage) – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Perl (langage)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2" title="પર્લ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પર્લ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="पर्ल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पर्ल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_(programoz%C3%A1si_nyelv)" title="Perl (programozási nyelv) – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Perl (programozási nyelv)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_(%D0%B1%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96)" title="Perl (бағдарламалау тілі) – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Perl (бағдарламалау тілі)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪರ್ಲ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪರ್ಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%84" title="펄 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="펄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_(Programm%C3%A9iersprooch)" title="Perl (Programméiersprooch) – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Perl (Programméiersprooch)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Перл (програмски јазик) – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Перл (програмски јазик)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BE" title="പേൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പേൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE)" title="पर्ल (आज्ञावली भाषा) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पर्ल (आज्ञावली भाषा)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="पर्ल – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पर्ल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%8D_(%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%82_%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BE)" title="ପର୍ଲ୍ (ପ୍ରୋଗ୍ରାମିଂ ଭାଷା) – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପର୍ଲ୍ (ପ୍ରୋଗ୍ରାମିଂ ଭାଷା)" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Pennsylvania-Duits" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania-Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Perl (програмски језик) – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Perl (програмски језик)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="பெர்ள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெர்ள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A5" title="ภาษาเพิร์ล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาเพิร์ล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%84" title="پرل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پرل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" title="Perl – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Perl" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42478#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perl_(programmeertaal)" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:beige; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Perl </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Perl5Raptor.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Perl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Perl5Raptor.png/125px-Perl5Raptor.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Perl5Raptor.png/188px-Perl5Raptor.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Perl5Raptor.png/250px-Perl5Raptor.png 2x" data-file-width="569" data-file-height="197" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Programmeerparadigma" title="Programmeerparadigma">Paradigma</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Multi-paradigmaprogrammeertaal" title="Multi-paradigmaprogrammeertaal">multi-paradigma</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Verschenen </th> <td colspan="2">1987 </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="nowrap">Ontworpen door</span> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Wall" title="Larry Wall">Larry Wall</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Huidige versie </th> <td colspan="2">5.40.0<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-30a14b628e9d97364ac321fd633568cb6614ba64-v3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-30a14b628e9d97364ac321fd633568cb6614ba64-v3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42478?uselang=nl#P348" title="Bewerken op Wikidata"><img alt="Bewerken op Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span><br /><small>9 juni 2024</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Typesysteem" title="Typesysteem">Typesysteem</a> </th> <td colspan="2">Dynamisch </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="nowrap">Beïnvloed door</span> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/AWK" title="AWK">AWK</a>, <a href="/wiki/C_(programmeertaal)" title="C (programmeertaal)">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shell_(informatica)#Bourne-shell_.28sh.29" title="Shell (informatica)">Bourne shell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programmeertaal)" title="Lisp (programmeertaal)">Lisp</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Invloed op </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Python_(programmeertaal)" title="Python (programmeertaal)">Python</a>, <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_PowerShell" title="Windows PowerShell">Windows PowerShell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Besturingssysteem" title="Besturingssysteem">Besturingssysteem</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Multiplatform" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiplatform">Multiplatform</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Softwarelicentie" title="Softwarelicentie">Licentie</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artistic_License" title="Artistic License">Artistic License</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bestandsextensie" title="Bestandsextensie">Bestandsextensies</a> </th> <td colspan="2">.pl, .pm </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">Website</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perl.org/">Projectpagina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:beige; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Informatica" title="Portaal:Informatica">Informatica</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:FOSDEM_2013_Perl_bookshelf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/FOSDEM_2013_Perl_bookshelf.jpg/260px-FOSDEM_2013_Perl_bookshelf.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/FOSDEM_2013_Perl_bookshelf.jpg/390px-FOSDEM_2013_Perl_bookshelf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/FOSDEM_2013_Perl_bookshelf.jpg/520px-FOSDEM_2013_Perl_bookshelf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1749" data-file-height="1184" /></a><figcaption>Bibliotheek van Perl-boeken</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Perl</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Programmeertaal" title="Programmeertaal">programmeertaal</a> ontworpen door <a href="/wiki/Larry_Wall" title="Larry Wall">Larry Wall</a> die eigenschappen van <a href="/wiki/C_(programmeertaal)" title="C (programmeertaal)">C</a> en <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">UNIX</a>-scripttalen zoals <a href="/wiki/Shell_(informatica)#Bourne-shell_(sh)" title="Shell (informatica)">sh</a> en <a href="/wiki/Awk" class="mw-redirect" title="Awk">awk</a> in zich verenigt. De naam Perl is geen gewone afkorting, maar een <a href="/wiki/Backroniem" title="Backroniem">backroniem</a>, dat staat voor <b>Practical Extraction and Report Language</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mogelijkheden_en_toepassingen">Mogelijkheden en toepassingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Mogelijkheden en toepassingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Mogelijkheden en toepassingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Perl is geschikt als vervanger van traditionele <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a>-<a href="/wiki/Shell_van_besturingssysteem" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell van besturingssysteem">shell</a>-scripts, die in sh (de Bourne shell) geschreven worden en daarbij allerlei andere utilities aanroepen zoals <a href="/wiki/Sed_(software)" title="Sed (software)">sed</a>, tr, uniq, sort, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Expr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expr (de pagina bestaat niet)">expr</a> en <a href="/wiki/Awk" class="mw-redirect" title="Awk">awk</a>; in Perl zijn de benodigde faciliteiten zelf ingebouwd. Bovendien ondersteunt Perl het aanroepen van tal van systeemfuncties (system calls), waarvoor voordien een C -programma geschreven moest worden. </p><p>Perl verenigt niet alleen de mogelijkheden van deze talen, maar ook een groot deel van hun manieren van uitdrukken (<a href="/wiki/Syntaxis_(informatica)" title="Syntaxis (informatica)">syntaxis</a>). Daarom wordt het ook wel <i>the Swiss army knife of programming languages</i> (het Zwitsers zakmes onder de programmeertalen) genoemd. </p><p>Perl wordt veel gebruikt voor taken waar voordien shell-scripts voor werden gebruikt, voornamelijk het automatiseren van taken in het <a href="/wiki/Systeembeheer" class="mw-redirect" title="Systeembeheer">systeembeheer</a>; daarbuiten wordt het veel gebruikt voor de bewerking van allerlei soorten bestanden (natuurlijke taal, configuratiebestanden, XML- of HTML-documenten, <a href="/wiki/Rasterafbeelding" title="Rasterafbeelding">rasterafbeeldingen</a>, enzovoorts). Ook heeft het goede <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheek_(informatica)" title="Bibliotheek (informatica)">bibliotheken</a> voor allerlei taken, zoals <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">databasetoegang</a> en client/servercommunicatie. Perl wordt veel gebruikt in de <a href="/wiki/Bio-informatica" title="Bio-informatica">bio-informatica</a>. In de jaren 90 was het de meestgebruikte taal voor dynamische <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">websites</a>. Daarna is het op Perl lijkende <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> en vooral <a href="/wiki/Python_(programmeertaal)" title="Python (programmeertaal)">Python</a> populairder geworden. </p><p>Perl is een <a href="/wiki/Scripttaal" title="Scripttaal">scripttaal</a> met uitgebreide mogelijkheden voor <a href="/wiki/Reguliere_expressie" title="Reguliere expressie">reguliere expressies</a> en er kan met Perl <a href="/wiki/Object-ori%C3%ABntatie" class="mw-redirect" title="Object-oriëntatie">object-georiënteerd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procedureel_programmeren" class="mw-redirect" title="Procedureel programmeren">procedureel</a> of zelfs <a href="/wiki/Functionele_programmeertaal" class="mw-redirect" title="Functionele programmeertaal">functioneel</a> geprogrammeerd worden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modules:_CPAN">Modules: CPAN</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Modules: CPAN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Modules: CPAN"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tot en met versie 4 werd de kracht van Perl steeds uitgebreid door extra voorgedefinieerde functies in te voegen en de taal zelf uit te breiden. Met Perl 5 ontstond <a href="/wiki/CPAN" title="CPAN">CPAN</a>, een over het internet installeerbare verzameling <a href="/wiki/Module" title="Module">modules</a> die allerhande functionaliteit bieden. Voortaan richtte de belangrijkste ontwikkeling zich op het schrijven van modules, en werd er relatief weinig aan de taal zelf doorontwikkeld. Om CPAN goed te laten functioneren ontstonden allerlei conventies voor het aanbieden, organiseren en ontwikkelen van zulke modules (ondersteund door voor dat doel geschreven Perl-modules) die helpen om de kwaliteit te waarborgen; zo is <a href="/wiki/Unittesten" title="Unittesten">unittesten</a> standaardpraktijk. Het principe van CPAN is door veel andere talen overgenomen – zo heeft PHP bijvoorbeeld <a href="/w/index.php?title=PEAR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PEAR (de pagina bestaat niet)">PEAR</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=PECL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PECL (de pagina bestaat niet)">PECL</a>, en heeft Python <a href="/w/index.php?title=PyPI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PyPI (de pagina bestaat niet)">PyPI</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Documentatie">Documentatie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Documentatie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Documentatie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Perl kent naast gewoon commentaar ook een eenvoudige <a href="/wiki/Markuptaal" class="mw-redirect" title="Markuptaal">markuptaal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plain_Old_Documentation" title="Plain Old Documentation">POD</a>, om gestructureerd commentaar te schrijven, vergelijkbaar met bijvoorbeeld <a href="/wiki/Javadoc" title="Javadoc">Javadoc</a> voor <a href="/wiki/Java_(programmeertaal)" title="Java (programmeertaal)">Java</a> en <a href="/wiki/Extensible_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</a>-documentatie voor <a href="/wiki/C_Sharp" title="C Sharp">C#</a>. Hiermee wordt code gedocumenteerd; standaard tools kunnen deze documentatie tonen en in andere formaten omzetten zoals <a href="/w/index.php?title=Man_(Unix)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Man (Unix) (de pagina bestaat niet)">man</a>-pagina's of <a href="/wiki/HTML" class="mw-redirect" title="HTML">HTML</a>-documenten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Licentie">Licentie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Licentie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Licentie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Perl is <a href="/wiki/Vrije_software" title="Vrije software">vrije software</a>, uitgebracht onder de <a href="/wiki/Artistic_License" title="Artistic License">Artistic License</a> en <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_Licence" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU General Public Licence">GPL</a>. Perl draait op de meeste <a href="/wiki/Besturingssysteem" title="Besturingssysteem">besturingssystemen</a>. Op de meeste <a href="/wiki/UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIX">UNIX</a>-achtige systemen, zoals <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, wordt Perl standaard geïnstalleerd. Ook bestaan er versies voor <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voorbeelden">Voorbeelden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Voorbeelden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Voorbeelden"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Perl is goed geschikt voor het manipuleren van tekstbestanden door middel van korte en bondige opdrachten. In de volgende twee voorbeelden worden tekstbestanden met Perl-<a href="/wiki/Oneliner" title="Oneliner">oneliners</a> aangepast. </p><p><b>Voorbeeld 1:</b> Converteer file met naam myfile van UNIX- naar DOS-formaat. </p> <pre>perl -i -pe 's/\n/\r\n/' myfile </pre> <p><b>Voorbeeld 2:</b> Plaats de <a href="/wiki/String_(informatica)" class="mw-redirect" title="String (informatica)">string</a> "#!/usr/bin/perl" bovenaan iedere file met extensie '.pl'. </p> <pre>perl -i -ple 'print q{#!/usr/bin/perl} if $. == 1; close ARGV if eof' *.pl </pre> <p><b>Voorbeeld 3:</b> Druk alle regels van de invoer af, maar alleen de eerste keer dat ze voorkomen. </p> <pre>perl -ne 'print unless $seen{$_}++' bestand-met-dubbel-voorkomende-regels </pre> <p>Dit is bijvoorbeeld vaak nuttig om uit logfiles dubbele regels weg te laten. </p><p>(De Unix-utility <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uniq (de pagina bestaat niet)">uniq</a> doet dit alleen op gesorteerde invoer.) </p><p>In voorbeeld 4 wordt gedemonstreerd hoe er met de uit CPAN afkomstige module LWP (<i>the World Wide Web Library for Perl</i>) een webpagina wordt opgehaald. </p><p><b>Voorbeeld 4:</b> Haal de hoofdpagina van nl.wikipedia.org op. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-perl mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">strict</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">warnings</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">LWP::UserAgent</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$ua</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">LWP::UserAgent</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">#$ua->proxy("http", "http://ProxyIP:ProxyPort/");</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$response</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$ua</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'http://nl.wikipedia.org/'</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># haal de hoofdpagina op</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$response</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">is_success</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$html</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$response</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">content</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">print</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$html</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># produceert de hoofdpagina (in HTML)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># alternatief:</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">#&print_wist_je_dat($html); # zie volgende voorbeeld</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">die</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$response</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">status_line</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>Om alleen de weetjes uit de rubriek "Wist je dat..." af te drukken moet een # worden verplaatst van de regel met &print_wist_je_dat naar de regel met print $html; de definitie van print_wist_je_dat kan er dan als volgt uitzien: </p><p><b>Voorbeeld 5:</b> <a href="/wiki/Parser" title="Parser">Parse</a> <a href="/wiki/HTML" class="mw-redirect" title="HTML">HTML</a> uit de rubriek "Wist je dat...". </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-perl mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">utf8</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># liefst bovenaan plaatsen voor de duidelijkheid;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">bytes</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># deze twee statements geven aan dat er UTF-8 in het script zit, namelijk het teken …</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">HTML::TokeParser</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print_wist_je_dat</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$html</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">@_</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$stream</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">HTML::TokeParser</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">\</span><span class="nv">$html</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$InListItem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$ListItemStr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">''</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$token</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$stream</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">get_token</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$token</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">eq</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'T'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># text</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$InListItem</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$ListItemStr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">.=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$token</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">elsif</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$token</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">eq</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'S'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># start-tag</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$tagname</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$attr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">@$token</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$tagname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">eq</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'li'</span><span class="p">){</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$InListItem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">elsif</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$token</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">eq</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'E'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># end-tag</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$tagname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$token</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$tagname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">eq</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'li'</span><span class="p">){</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$ListItemStr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=~</span><span class="sr"> /^(…|\.{3})/</span><span class="p">){</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">print</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$ListItemStr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">.</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"\n"</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$InListItem</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$ListItemStr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">''</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p><b>Voorbeeld 6:</b> als het vorige, maar dan met de CPAN-module <code>XML::LibXML</code>: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-perl mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">utf8</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># liefst bovenaan plaatsen</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">bytes</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># deze zijn voor het matchen van …</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">XML::LibXML</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print_wist_je_dat</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$html</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">@_</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$parser</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">XML::</span><span class="n">LibXML</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">my</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$parser</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">parse_html_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$html</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">getDocumentElement</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">print</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"$_\n"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">grep</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sr">/^(…|\.{3})/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">''</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$_</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">findvalue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'.//text()'</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$root</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">findnodes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">'//li'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kritiek_op_Perl">Kritiek op Perl</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Kritiek op Perl" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Kritiek op Perl"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een veelgelezen kritiek op Perl is dat de taal onleesbare code in de hand zou werken. Enerzijds door het onorthodoxe en veelvuldige gebruik van speciale tekens, anderzijds door de syntactische vrijheid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Symboolgebruik">Symboolgebruik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Symboolgebruik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Symboolgebruik"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Perl wordt heel veel gebruikgemaakt van niet-alfanumerieke symbolen met een voorgedefinieerde betekenis zoals <>, $_ en $/ en de speciale tekens in reguliere expressies. Ook worden accolades en haakjes voor veel verschillende dingen gebruikt. Bovendien hebben veel operaties een default-operator die weggelaten mag worden. Deze voorzieningen maken compacte code mogelijk, maar bemoeilijken de leesbaarheid voor degenen die de notaties niet kennen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syntactische_vrijheid">Syntactische vrijheid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Syntactische vrijheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Syntactische vrijheid"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een andere eigenschap van Perl is dat de syntaxis erg flexibel is; Larry Wall heeft dit tot algemeen motto verklaard: <i>There's more than one way to do it.'</i> </p><p>Een voorbeeld van vier manieren om hetzelfde op te schrijven: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-perl mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">process</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">unless</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span> </pre></div> <p>Veel programmeurs voeren aan dat dit tot moeilijker leesbare code leidt doordat programmeurs hun eigen schrijfstijl ontwikkelen en moeten wennen aan de stijl van een ander. </p><p>De reden van deze vrijheid is, zoals genoemd, dat Perl probeert om het typische, compacte idioom te ondersteunen van andere scripttalen zoals sed, awk en sh. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compactheid">Compactheid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Compactheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Compactheid"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een taal als Perl is ontworpen als scripttaal, waarbij compactheid een belangrijk voordeel is. Dit geldt veel minder voor een algemene programmeertaal als <a href="/wiki/C_(programmeertaal)" title="C (programmeertaal)">C</a> of <a href="/wiki/Java_(programmeertaal)" title="Java (programmeertaal)">Java</a>, waarvoor leesbaarheid belangrijker is dan compactheid. Perl laat toe om op dezelfde manier te programmeren, maar vooral als er snel even iets tijdelijks gemaakt moet worden komen de meer compacte idiomen goed van pas. </p><p>In zulk idioom gebeurt meer per regel, dus is het geen wonder dat het begrijpen per regel ook meer moeite kost. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perl_leren">Perl leren</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Perl leren" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Perl leren"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boeken">Boeken</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Boeken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Boeken"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Larry Wall was vanaf 1995 tot 2003 in dienst bij de uitgever <a href="/w/index.php?title=O%27Reilly_Media&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O'Reilly Media (de pagina bestaat niet)">O'Reilly</a>, die enige zeer populaire Perlboeken heeft uitgegeven. Het dier op de kaft van de boeken van O'Reilly geeft het boek ook meteen een bijnaam, zoals het <i>Camel Book</i> voor <i>Programming Perl</i>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Titel </th> <th>Omschrijving </th> <th>Bijnaam </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>Learning Perl</i></td> <td>Voor programmeurs die Perl willen leren</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lama_(dier)" title="Lama (dier)">Lama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Intermediate Perl</i></td> <td>Het vervolg op Learning Perl</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alpaca_(zoogdier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpaca (zoogdier)">Alpaca</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Mastering Perl</i></td> <td>Recepten voor alledaagse problemen</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a_(zoogdier)" title="Vicuña (zoogdier)">Vicuña</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Programming Perl</i></td> <td>Dit is geen boek voor beginners, maar een volledig naslagwerk</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kameel" title="Kameel">Kameel</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Andere, recente boeken zijn <i>Modern Perl</i> en <i>Beginning Perl</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perldoc">Perldoc</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Perldoc" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=12" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Perldoc"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iedere Perlinstallatie beschikt over uitgebreide documentatie die wordt opgevraagd met de opdracht <tt>perldoc</tt>. </p><p>Zo wordt bijvoorbeeld de documentatie van de functie reverse() opgeroepen: </p> <pre>perldoc -f reverse </pre> <p>Een introductie met: </p> <pre>perldoc perlintro </pre> <p>En een overzicht van alle geïnstalleerde documentatie met: </p> <pre>perldoc perl </pre> <p>Bijeenkomsten van de <a href="/wiki/Perl_Mongers" title="Perl Mongers">Perl Mongers</a> zijn een goede manier om ervaringen met Perlprogrammeurs uit te wisselen. Er wordt jaarlijks een meerdaagse Perlconferentie georganiseerd: <a href="/wiki/YAPC" title="YAPC">YAPC</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis_van_Perl">Geschiedenis van Perl</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis van Perl" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=13" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis van Perl"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Larry_Wall_YAPC_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Larry_Wall_YAPC_2007.jpg/260px-Larry_Wall_YAPC_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="366" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Larry_Wall_YAPC_2007.jpg/390px-Larry_Wall_YAPC_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Larry_Wall_YAPC_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="578" /></a><figcaption>Larry Wall, schrijver van Perl.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perl_1.0">Perl 1.0</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Perl 1.0" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=14" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Perl 1.0"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Perl is ontstaan als een rapportagetool: een programma dat informatie uit tekstbestanden haalt en in rapportvorm presenteert. Larry Wall postte versie 1.0 in 1987 in de <a href="/wiki/Nieuwsgroep" title="Nieuwsgroep">nieuwsgroep</a> <tt>comp.sources.misc</tt>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perl_2_t/m_4"><span id="Perl_2_t.2Fm_4"></span>Perl 2 t/m 4</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Perl 2 t/m 4" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=15" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Perl 2 t/m 4"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Al snel groeide Perl uit tot een algemene scripttaal voor Unixsystemen, die voor tekstbewerking de sterke punten van AWK en de Bourne-shell in zich verenigde. Dit was een grote stap vooruit ten opzichte van shellscripts, die voor de meest eenvoudige functies allerlei externe programma's moeten aanroepen. Ook werden de meeste <a href="/wiki/System_call" class="mw-redirect" title="System call">system calls</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard library (de pagina bestaat niet)">standard library</a>-functies ingebouwd, zodat Perl qua uitdrukkingskracht vergelijkbaar werd met C: ook het low-level programmeren van bv. <a href="/wiki/Multiprocessing" title="Multiprocessing">multiprocessing</a> en procescommunicatie via <a href="/wiki/Socket" title="Socket">sockets</a> en netwerken was nu mogelijk. Ook werd de <i>package</i> ingevoerd, een eenvoudige manier voor namespacing waarmee losse modules gemaakt konden worden. Ondersteuning voor datastructuren bleef beperkt: alleen de <a href="/wiki/Array" title="Array">array</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Associatieve_array" title="Associatieve array">associatieve array</a> en <i>globbing</i>, een primitief <a href="/wiki/Reference" class="mw-redirect" title="Reference">reference</a>-mechanisme. </p><p>De belangrijkste toepassingen bleven <a href="/wiki/Batchproces" title="Batchproces">batchgewijze</a> tekstbewerking en scripts voor <a href="/wiki/Systeembeheer" class="mw-redirect" title="Systeembeheer">systeembeheer</a>. </p><p>Nieuwe releases bleven uitkomen tot 4.036. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perl_5">Perl 5</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Perl 5" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=16" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Perl 5"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De belangrijkste verbeteringen in Perl 5: </p> <ul><li>references, waarmee willekeurige geneste datastructuren gebouwd kunnen worden</li> <li>variabelen met <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexicale_scope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexicale scope (de pagina bestaat niet)">lexicale scope</a>, en</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Module" title="Module">modules</a>, <a href="/wiki/Object_(informatica)" title="Object (informatica)">objecten</a> en <a href="/wiki/Klasse_(informatica)" title="Klasse (informatica)">klassen</a>, waarmee het programmeren en gebruiken van herbruikbare softwarebibliotheken veel eenvoudiger werd.</li></ul> <p>Hierdoor kon CPAN ontstaan, de centrale repository van vrijelijk herbruikbare Perl-bibliotheken. Nieuwe functionaliteit werd nu niet langer aan de taal toegevoegd, maar als CPAN-module beschikbaar gesteld. </p><p>Perl werd nu zeer populair als "plak"-taal om systemen met elkaar te verbinden. Vanaf de opkomst van het <a href="/wiki/World_wide_web" class="mw-redirect" title="World wide web">world wide web</a> tot eind jaren negentig was het de belangrijkste taal voor <a href="/wiki/Webapplicatie" title="Webapplicatie">webapplicaties</a>. Later werd <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> populairder. </p><p>In 2000 werd de volgende versie van Perl, versie 6, gestart. Deze maakt onder meer betere (statische) <a href="/wiki/Typesysteem" title="Typesysteem">typering</a> mogelijk. Van versie 5 komen jaarlijks onderhoudsreleases uit met kleine verbeteringen. In 5.10 zijn zelfs wat features uit Perl 6 toegevoegd<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; deze moeten expliciet worden ingeschakeld om de <a href="/wiki/Achterwaartse_compatibiliteit" title="Achterwaartse compatibiliteit">achterwaartse compatibiliteit</a> niet te verbreken.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Perl_history.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Perl_history.svg/1000px-Perl_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="1000" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Perl_history.svg/1500px-Perl_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Perl_history.svg/2000px-Perl_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1591" data-file-height="343" /></a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perl_6">Perl 6</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Perl 6" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=17" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Perl 6"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Perl_6" title="Perl 6">Perl 6</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>De ontwikkeling van versie 6 is in 2000 begonnen en is in volle gang. De opleverdatum is nog niet bekend, maar </p> <ul><li>Perl 6 zal niet <i>backwards compatible</i> zijn: programma's geschreven onder versie 5 zullen niet onder versie 6 draaien;</li> <li>Perl 6 heeft een <i>hybride typing</i>: er zal static en dynamic typing gebruikt kunnen worden;</li> <li>Perl 6 heeft bij functies standaard <i>formal parameter passing</i>;</li> <li>Perl 6 kent <i>sigil invariance</i>;</li> <li>Perl 6 kent een robuuster objectmodel;</li> <li>Perl 6 kent een uitbreiding op de <i>regular expressions</i> met de nieuwe naam <i>grammars</i>;</li> <li>Perl 6 kent <i>chained comparisons</i> zoals <code>if C(20) <= $temperature <= C(25) { say "Kamertemperatuur!" }</code>;</li> <li>Perl 6 kent <i>lazy evaluation</i>;</li> <li>Perl 6 kent <i>junctions</i>;</li> <li>Perl 6 heeft <a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programmeertaal)" title="Lisp (programmeertaal)">Lisp</a>-achtige macro's;</li></ul> <p>In plaats van een interpreter zal Perl 6 gebruikmaken van een <a href="/wiki/Virtuele_machine" title="Virtuele machine">virtuele machine</a> genaamd <a href="/wiki/Parrot_virtual_machine" title="Parrot virtual machine">Parrot</a>, die ook geschikt is voor andere scripttalen zoals PHP of <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programmeertaal)" title="Ruby (programmeertaal)">Ruby</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perl_in_actie">Perl in actie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Perl in actie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=18" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Perl in actie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Voorbeelden van populaire <a href="/wiki/Vrije_software" title="Vrije software">vrije</a> Perlsoftware: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.awstats.org/">AWStats</a> (Webstatistieken)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugzilla" title="Bugzilla">Bugzilla</a> (een bugtracker)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatcircle.com/majordomo">Majordomo</a> (Mailinglistmanagement)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/">MRTG</a> (Grafische weergave netwerkverkeer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_SpamAssassin" title="Apache SpamAssassin">SpamAssassin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spam_(post)" title="Spam (post)">Spamfilter</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebGUI" title="WebGUI">WebGUI</a> (<a href="/wiki/Contentmanagementsysteem" title="Contentmanagementsysteem">Contentmanagementsysteem</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webmin.com/">Webmin</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.otrs.org/">OTRS</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&section=19" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perl.org/">Projectpagina</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perl.com/">perl.com</a> (O'Reilly-communitysite voor Perl)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.activestate.com/products/perl/">ActivePerl</a> (Perl voor Windows)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://strawberryperl.com">Strawberry Perl</a> (Perl voor Windows)</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-30a14b628e9d97364ac321fd633568cb6614ba64-v3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-30a14b628e9d97364ac321fd633568cb6614ba64-v3_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2024/06/msg268252.html">"perl v5.40.0 is now available"</a>; auteur (als tekenreeks): Graham Knop; datum van uitgave: 9 juni 2024; geraadpleegd op: 10 juni 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dev.perl.org/perl5/news/2007/perl-5.10.0.html"><i>Perl 5.10.0 Released</i>, door Rafael Garcia-Suarez, op dev.perl.org, 18 dec 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.cpan.org/~rgarcia/perl-5.10.0/lib/feature.pm"><i>feature</i>, in de Perl 5.10-documentatie, door Rafael Garcia-Suarez, op cpan.org</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid 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