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class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Attempted_restructuring_and_pushback_(2010–2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attempted_restructuring_and_pushback_(2010–2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Attempted restructuring and pushback (2010–2017)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attempted_restructuring_and_pushback_(2010–2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_and_labour_crises_(2018–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_and_labour_crises_(2018–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Financial and labour crises (2018–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_and_labour_crises_(2018–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mail_format" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mail_format"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mail format</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mail_format-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_products_and_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_products_and_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Major products and services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Major_products_and_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Major products and services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Major_products_and_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transaction_mail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transaction_mail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Transaction mail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transaction_mail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parcels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parcels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Parcels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parcels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Domestic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Domestic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>International</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Small_Packet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Small_Packet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2.1</span> <span>Small Packet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Small_Packet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expedited_Parcel_USA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expedited_Parcel_USA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2.2</span> <span>Expedited Parcel USA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expedited_Parcel_USA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xpresspost-USA_and_International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xpresspost-USA_and_International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2.3</span> <span>Xpresspost-USA and International</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xpresspost-USA_and_International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Parcel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Parcel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2.4</span> <span>International Parcel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Parcel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Direct_marketing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Direct_marketing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Direct marketing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Direct_marketing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personalized_mail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personalized_mail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Personalized mail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personalized_mail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neighbourhood_mail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighbourhood_mail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Neighbourhood mail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighbourhood_mail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Snap_Admail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Snap_Admail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>Snap Admail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Snap_Admail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Store" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Store"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Store</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Store-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Issue_of_stamps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issue_of_stamps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Issue of stamps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Issue_of_stamps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tracking_numbers_and_barcodes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tracking_numbers_and_barcodes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Tracking numbers and barcodes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tracking_numbers_and_barcodes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_and_labour_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_and_labour_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Organization and labour relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization_and_labour_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization and labour relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization_and_labour_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Presidents_and_CEOs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents_and_CEOs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Presidents and CEOs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents_and_CEOs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ombudsman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ombudsman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Ombudsman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ombudsman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Labour relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Letters_to_Santa_Claus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letters_to_Santa_Claus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Letters to Santa Claus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letters_to_Santa_Claus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Primary sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Canada Post</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="بريد كندا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بريد كندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="کانادا پوستی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کانادا پوستی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="اداره پست کانادا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اداره پست کانادا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postes_Canada" title="Postes Canada – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Postes Canada" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EB%82%98%EB%8B%A4_%ED%8F%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="캐나다 포스트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캐나다 포스트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8_%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%94" title="דואר קנדה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דואר קנדה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pos_Kanada" title="Pos Kanada – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pos Kanada" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%80%E9%83%B5%E4%BE%BF%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="カナダ郵便公社 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カナダ郵便公社" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Canada Post" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%B5%E6%94%BF" title="加拿大郵政 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="加拿大郵政" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%AE%E6%94%BF" title="加拿大邮政 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加拿大邮政" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1032001#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Canada_Post" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Canada_Post" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Canada Post Corporation<br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Société canadienne des postes</i></span></span></span></i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Post_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Canada_Post_logo.svg/220px-Canada_Post_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Canada_Post_logo.svg/330px-Canada_Post_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Canada_Post_logo.svg/440px-Canada_Post_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Canada Post</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Crown_corporation" title="Crown corporation">Crown corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postal_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Postal service">Postal service</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Courier" title="Courier">Courier</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">July 1, 1867<span class="noprint">; 157 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1867-07-01</span>)</span> (as Royal Mail Canada)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">2701 Riverside Drive<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, Ontario<br />K1A 0B1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>André Hudon (<a href="/wiki/Chair_(officer)" title="Chair (officer)">chair</a>)</li> <li>Doug Ettinger (<a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">president</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Courier" title="Courier">Courier</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Freight" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight">Freight</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Logistics" title="Logistics">Logistics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data">$11.69 billion<sup id="cite_ref-CPC_Finance_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPC_Finance-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$−287 million<sup id="cite_ref-CPC_Finance_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPC_Finance-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">72,000<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Purolator_Inc." title="Purolator Inc.">Purolator Inc.</a> (91%)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Corporation overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Minister responsible</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Jean-Yves Duclos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">Minister of Public Services and Procurement</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canadapost-postescanada.ca/">www<wbr />.canadapost-postescanada<wbr />.ca</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Canada Post Corporation</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Société canadienne des postes</i>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Canadian Society of Postage</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), trading as <b>Canada Post</b> (French: <i lang="fr">Postes Canada</i>), is a Canadian <a href="/wiki/Crown_corporation" title="Crown corporation">Crown corporation</a> that functions as the primary <a href="/wiki/Postal_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Postal administration">postal operator</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>. </p><p>Originally known as <b>Royal Mail Canada</b> (the operating name of the <b>Post Office Department</b> of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian government">Canadian government</a> founded in 1867), the <i>Canada Post Corporation Act</i> of 1981 abolished the Post Office Department and created the present-day Crown corporation that provides postal service.<sup id="cite_ref-C-10_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The act aimed to set a new direction for the postal service by ensuring its financial security and independence.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Canada Post provided service to more than 16 million addresses and delivered nearly 8.4 billion items in 2022 and consolidated revenue from operations reached $11.11 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-cpar2015_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cpar2015-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Delivery takes place via traditional "to the door" service and centralized delivery by 25,000 letter carriers, through a 13,000 vehicle fleet. There are more than 6,200 post offices across the country, a combination of corporate offices and private franchises that are operated by retailers, such as drugstores. In terms of area serviced, Canada Post delivers to a larger area than the postal service of any other nation, including <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (where <a href="/wiki/Russian_Post" title="Russian Post">Russian Post</a> service in <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> is limited largely to communities along the railway).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> As of 2022, nearly 3.5 million rural Canadian customers received residential mail delivery services.<sup id="cite_ref-canada.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canada.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Canada Post operates as a group of companies called The Canada Post Group. It employs approximately 70,000 full and part-time employees. The Corporation holds an interest in <a href="/wiki/Purolator_Courier" class="mw-redirect" title="Purolator Courier">Purolator Courier</a>, Innovapost, Progistix-Solutions and Canada Post International Limited.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Canada Post</i> (French: <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Postes Canada</i></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Identity_Program" title="Federal Identity Program">Federal Identity Program</a> name. The legal name is <i>Canada Post Corporation</i> in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Société canadienne des postes</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>. During the late 1980s and much of the 1990s, the short forms used in the corporation's logo were "Mail" (English) and "<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Poste</i></span>" (French), rendered as "Poste Mail" in <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" class="mw-redirect" title="Québec">Québec</a> and "Mail Poste" in the other provinces.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although English-language advertising also still referred to the corporation as "Canada Post". </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Canada" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Canada">Postage stamps and postal history of Canada</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Toronto_Post_Office-Royal_Mail_(26425168203).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/First_Toronto_Post_Office-Royal_Mail_%2826425168203%29.jpg/220px-First_Toronto_Post_Office-Royal_Mail_%2826425168203%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/First_Toronto_Post_Office-Royal_Mail_%2826425168203%29.jpg/330px-First_Toronto_Post_Office-Royal_Mail_%2826425168203%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/First_Toronto_Post_Office-Royal_Mail_%2826425168203%29.jpg/440px-First_Toronto_Post_Office-Royal_Mail_%2826425168203%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Royal_Mail" title="Royal Mail">Royal Mail</a> signage at a <a href="/wiki/First_Toronto_Post_Office" title="First Toronto Post Office">Toronto post office built in 1833</a>. The British Royal Mail administered the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">Province of Canada</a>'s postal system until 1851.</figcaption></figure> <p>On August 3, 1527, in <a href="/wiki/St._John%E2%80%99s,_Newfoundland" class="mw-redirect" title="St. John’s, Newfoundland">St. John’s, Newfoundland</a>, the first known letter was sent from present day Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-one_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-one-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While in St. John's, <a href="/wiki/John_Rut" title="John Rut">John Rut</a> wrote a letter to <a href="/wiki/King_Henry_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="King Henry VIII">King Henry VIII</a> about his findings and planned voyage. Mail delivery within Canada first started in 1693 when the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a>-born <a href="/wiki/Pedro_da_Silva_(post_courier)" title="Pedro da Silva (post courier)">Pedro da Silva</a> was paid to deliver between <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>. From 1711 to 1851, post offices in <a href="/wiki/British_North_America" title="British North America">British North America</a> were extensions of the <a href="/wiki/General_Post_Office" title="General Post Office">British Post Office</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Royal_Mail" title="Royal Mail">Royal Mail</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdie199022_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdie199022-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1851, control of postal services in the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">Province of Canada</a> was transferred from the <a href="/wiki/Postmaster_General_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postmaster General of the United Kingdom">Postmaster General of the United Kingdom</a> to the newly formed <a href="/wiki/List_of_postmasters_general_for_the_Province_of_Canada" title="List of postmasters general for the Province of Canada">Postmaster General for the Province of Canada</a>. Postal responsibilities in the colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island were also transferred to their local governments that year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdie199036_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdie199036-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first postage stamp (designed by <a href="/wiki/Sandford_Fleming" title="Sandford Fleming">Sandford Fleming</a>) went into circulation in Canada that same year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Establishment">Establishment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Establishment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Mail_-_Ottawa_Electric_Railway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Royal_Mail_-_Ottawa_Electric_Railway.jpg/220px-Royal_Mail_-_Ottawa_Electric_Railway.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Royal_Mail_-_Ottawa_Electric_Railway.jpg/330px-Royal_Mail_-_Ottawa_Electric_Railway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Royal_Mail_-_Ottawa_Electric_Railway.jpg/440px-Royal_Mail_-_Ottawa_Electric_Railway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A streetcar used by Royal Mail Canada in Ottawa, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890s</span></figcaption></figure> <p>It was in 1867 that the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominion of Canada">Dominion of Canada</a> created the Post Office Department as a federal government department (The <i>Act for the Regulation of the Postal Service</i>) headed by a <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Cabinet">Cabinet</a> minister, the <a href="/wiki/Postmaster_General_of_Canada" title="Postmaster General of Canada">Postmaster General of Canada</a>. The Act took effect on April 1, 1868, providing a uniform postal service throughout the newly established <a href="/wiki/Dominion" title="Dominion">dominion</a>. The Canadian post office was designed around the British service as created by <a href="/wiki/Rowland_Hill_(postal_reformer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rowland Hill (postal reformer)">Sir Rowland Hill</a>, who introduced the concept of charging mail by weight and not destination along with creating the concept of the <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamp" title="Postage stamp">postage stamp</a>. The new service traded under the name The Royal Mail Canada. It joined the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">Universal Postal Union</a> in 1878. </p><p>Several historical sites related to the history of the Post Office Department of Canada can be visited today. In <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, the <a href="/wiki/First_Toronto_Post_Office" title="First Toronto Post Office">first Toronto Post Office</a> is still in operation. The site of <a href="/wiki/Scotiabank_Arena" title="Scotiabank Arena">Scotiabank Arena</a> was once the Canada Post Delivery Building. Also notable are the Vancouver Main Post Office<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Dawson, Yukon, Post Office,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Site_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="National Historic Site of Canada">National Historic Site of Canada</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Peggys_Cove" class="mw-redirect" title="Peggys Cove">Peggy's Cove</a>, Nova Scotia, a nineteenth-century lighthouse acts as a seasonal post office for the tiny coastal community.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Mail_Canada,_rural_mail_delivery_cart,_Ancaster-Hamilton_(I0000746).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Royal_Mail_Canada%2C_rural_mail_delivery_cart%2C_Ancaster-Hamilton_%28I0000746%29.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Royal_Mail_Canada%2C_rural_mail_delivery_cart%2C_Ancaster-Hamilton_%28I0000746%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Royal_Mail_Canada%2C_rural_mail_delivery_cart%2C_Ancaster-Hamilton_%28I0000746%29.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Royal_Mail_Canada%2C_rural_mail_delivery_cart%2C_Ancaster-Hamilton_%28I0000746%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Royal_Mail_Canada%2C_rural_mail_delivery_cart%2C_Ancaster-Hamilton_%28I0000746%29.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Royal_Mail_Canada%2C_rural_mail_delivery_cart%2C_Ancaster-Hamilton_%28I0000746%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1395" data-file-height="1124" /></a><figcaption>A Royal Mail Canada rural mail cart, October 1908</figcaption></figure> <p>Prior to rural mail delivery, many Canadians living outside major cities and towns had little communication with the outside world. On October 10, 1908, the first free rural mail delivery service was instituted in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extension of residential mail delivery services to all rural Canadian residents was a major achievement for the Post Office Department. </p><p>The Post Office Department was an early pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Airmail" title="Airmail">airmail</a> delivery, with the first airmail flight taking place on June 24, 1918, carrying mail from Montreal to <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1927, airmail service had expanded to Manitoba, and a regular airmail route between <a href="/wiki/Rimouski" title="Rimouski">Rimouski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> had been established. In 1937, the Post Office provided <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Canada Airlines">Trans-Canada Airlines</a> with airmail contract. Daily airmail service between Vancouver and Montreal began in 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-canencyc_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canencyc-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Mail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Royal_Mail.jpg/200px-Royal_Mail.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Royal_Mail.jpg/300px-Royal_Mail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Royal_Mail.jpg/400px-Royal_Mail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1645" data-file-height="2816" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A functional mailbox from the 1900s, bearing the name Royal Mail Canada</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canadian_Post_Office_Letter_Carrier_Hat_(14579239685).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Canadian_Post_Office_Letter_Carrier_Hat_%2814579239685%29.jpg/200px-Canadian_Post_Office_Letter_Carrier_Hat_%2814579239685%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Canadian_Post_Office_Letter_Carrier_Hat_%2814579239685%29.jpg/300px-Canadian_Post_Office_Letter_Carrier_Hat_%2814579239685%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Canadian_Post_Office_Letter_Carrier_Hat_%2814579239685%29.jpg/400px-Canadian_Post_Office_Letter_Carrier_Hat_%2814579239685%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A Canada Post Office letter carrier hat, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1970s</span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The postal service operated under the name Royal Mail Canada until the 1960s, when the brand was phased out.</div></div></div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Postal_savings_system#Canada" title="Postal savings system">Post Office Savings Bank</a> system, an agency created by the April 1868 Post Office Act, was phased out in 1968–69.<sup id="cite_ref-Post_Office_Savings_Bank_-_Canadian_Museum_of_History_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Post_Office_Savings_Bank_-_Canadian_Museum_of_History-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Crisis_and_reform">Crisis and reform</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Crisis and reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1970s was a difficult decade for the Post Office, with major strikes combined with annual deficits that had hit $600 million by 1981. This state of affairs made politicians want to rethink their strategy for the federal department. It resulted in two years of public debate and input into the future of mail delivery in Canada. The government sought to give the post office more autonomy, in order to make it more commercially viable and to compete against the new threat of private courier services. </p><p>On October 16, 1981, the Federal Parliament passed the "Canada Post Corporation Act",<sup id="cite_ref-C-10_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-10-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which transformed Canada Post into a <a href="/wiki/Crown_corporation" title="Crown corporation">Crown corporation</a> to create the <i>Canada Post Corporation (CPC)</i>. The legislation also included a measure legally guaranteeing basic postal service to all Canadians. It stipulates that all Canadians have the right to expect mail delivery, regardless of where they live. </p><p>In 1985, Canada Post began phasing in community mailboxes instead of door-to-door delivery in new subdivisions. This was met with legal challenges, requiring an Ontario court to rule that the Canada Post Act does not require door-to-door mail delivery.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1989, Canada Post had resolved much of its financial troubles, reporting its first profit since 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It continued to operate at a consistent profit from 1995 to 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-theglobeandmail.com_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theglobeandmail.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, Canada Post purchased a majority stake in <a href="/wiki/Purolator_Courier" class="mw-redirect" title="Purolator Courier">Purolator Courier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000, it launched Epost, which allowed customers to receive bills from participating merchants and institutions online for free. Epost was discountinued at the end of 2022. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2006 and 2007 saw minor disruptions to rural mail service, with 5,000 out of 847,000 mailboxes temporarily cut off due to concerns with postal worker safety.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For 2007, 2008<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, and 2009 the corporation was named one of <a href="/wiki/Canada%27s_Top_100_Employers" title="Canada's Top 100 Employers">Canada's Top 100 Employers</a>, as published in <a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a> magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, a strike by Canada Post's administrative worker union — the <a href="/wiki/Public_Service_Alliance_of_Canada" title="Public Service Alliance of Canada">Public Service Alliance of Canada</a> (PSAC) — caused minor issues in customer service.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Attempted_restructuring_and_pushback_(2010–2017)"><span id="Attempted_restructuring_and_pushback_.282010.E2.80.932017.29"></span>Attempted restructuring and pushback (2010–2017)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Attempted restructuring and pushback (2010–2017)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2010, Canada Post began a seven-year modernization effort called Postal Transformation, investing in greater motorization and automation. As part of this initiative, the duties of letter carriers were combined with those of mail service couriers.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This resulted complaints of undelivered mail, increased overtime, work stress, and injuries from fatigue and working past dark.<sup id="cite_ref-theglobeandmail.com_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theglobeandmail.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv/220px--Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="338" data-mwtitle="Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv/Chanting_up_a_storm_with_Halifax_Postal_Workers_locked_out_by_Canada_Post.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Locked out <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Union_of_Postal_Workers" title="Canadian Union of Postal Workers">Canadian Union of Postal Workers</a> picketing outside a Canada Post sorting depot in Halifax, June 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>In response, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Union_of_Postal_Workers" title="Canadian Union of Postal Workers">Canadian Union of Postal Workers</a> (CUPW) went on its first strike against Canada Post since 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following week, Canada Post <a href="/wiki/Lockout_(industry)" title="Lockout (industry)">locked out</a> CUPW members and the <a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Stephen_Harper" title="Premiership of Stephen Harper">Harper government</a> soon passed a <a href="/wiki/Back_to_work_legislation" class="mw-redirect" title="Back to work legislation">back-to-work motion</a> with <a href="/wiki/Binding_arbitration" class="mw-redirect" title="Binding arbitration">binding arbitration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This resulted in a new agreement in 2012 with major concessions from the union, including a $4 per hour drop in starting wages and the loss of bankable sick days.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although CUPW successfully challenged the back-to-work legislation in court, the new agreement remained in force, since it was agreed to by the membership of CUPW.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Canada Post posted a pretax loss of $253 million in 2011, partly due to the 25-day employee lockout and a $150 million pay equity class action lawsuit.<sup id="cite_ref-theglobeandmail.com_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theglobeandmail.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The period from 2012 to 2016 saw a return to financial sustainability for Canada Post, with a net profit of $266 million.<sup id="cite_ref-cpar2015_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cpar2015-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CanadaPostCommunityMailboxes10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/CanadaPostCommunityMailboxes10.jpg/220px-CanadaPostCommunityMailboxes10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/CanadaPostCommunityMailboxes10.jpg/330px-CanadaPostCommunityMailboxes10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/CanadaPostCommunityMailboxes10.jpg/440px-CanadaPostCommunityMailboxes10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>A Canada Post community mailbox in Ontario, 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2014, Canada Post attempted to phase out door-to-door service in urban centres in favour of community mailboxes, affecting an estimated 32% of Canadian addresses and cutting over 8,000 jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc-communityhalt_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc-communityhalt-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The move was widely unpopular, especially for its impacts on seniors and people with disabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc-communityhalt_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc-communityhalt-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ctv-doortodoor_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctv-doortodoor-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President and CEO Deepak Chopra became a target of public criticism.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2015, CUPW filed a federal lawsuit demanding that the roll-out be suspended.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc-commmailsuspended_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc-commmailsuspended-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party (Canada)">Liberal</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> promised to stop the phaseout as part of his <a href="/wiki/2015_Canadian_federal_election" title="2015 Canadian federal election">2015 Canadian federal election</a> campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-torstar-liberalplatform_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-torstar-liberalplatform-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ctv-doortodoor_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctv-doortodoor-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following his victory, Canada Post suspended its phaseout.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc-commmailsuspended_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc-commmailsuspended-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chopra announced his resignation in summer 2017, leaving three years ahead of his term's expiry date.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Liberal government announced an official halt in January 2018. Canada Post did not reintroduce door-to-door delivery to areas affected before April 15, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc-communityhalt_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc-communityhalt-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Financial_and_labour_crises_(2018–present)"><span id="Financial_and_labour_crises_.282018.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Financial and labour crises (2018–present)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Financial and labour crises (2018–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CanadaPostTruck4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/CanadaPostTruck4.jpg/220px-CanadaPostTruck4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/CanadaPostTruck4.jpg/330px-CanadaPostTruck4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/CanadaPostTruck4.jpg/440px-CanadaPostTruck4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4673" data-file-height="3115" /></a><figcaption>A Canada Post delivery truck and mailbox. The truck features a side panel ad that spotlights the postal service's role in delivering <a href="/wiki/E-commerce" title="E-commerce">e-commerce</a> goods.</figcaption></figure> <p>In October 2018, <a href="/wiki/2018_Canada_Post_strikes" title="2018 Canada Post strikes">CUPW launched rotating strikes</a> across Canada to negotiate a new agreement with Canada Post.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strikes lasted until late November, when postal workers were ordered back to work by the Trudeau government.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This created a 30-day backlog, causing Canada Post to temporarily suspend Canada-bound mail<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and post $270 million in losses for 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Canada Post struggled to adapt to the growth of <a href="/wiki/E-commerce" title="E-commerce">e-commerce</a> parcel delivery throughout the <a href="/wiki/2010s" title="2010s">2010s</a> and <a href="/wiki/2020s" title="2020s">2020s</a>, losing more than $3 billion between 2018 and 2024 and racking up over $1 billion in debts.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 2006 and 2023, its letter deliveries declined from 5.5 billion to 2 billion annually, while parcel revenue rose from $1.6 billion in 2015 to $3.4 billion in 2023. Conversely, its market share in parcel delivery dropped sharply, from 62% in 2019 to 23% in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Post_strike,_November_2024_(II).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Canada_Post_strike%2C_November_2024_%28II%29.jpg/220px-Canada_Post_strike%2C_November_2024_%28II%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Canada_Post_strike%2C_November_2024_%28II%29.jpg/330px-Canada_Post_strike%2C_November_2024_%28II%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Canada_Post_strike%2C_November_2024_%28II%29.jpg/440px-Canada_Post_strike%2C_November_2024_%28II%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2828" data-file-height="1590" /></a><figcaption>CUPW members picket outside a Canada Post building in Surrey, British Columbia, November 2024</figcaption></figure> <p>Labour relations and costs were persistent challenges throughout this period. In 2023, Canada Post incurred $4.9 billion in labour costs and employee benefits against $6.9 billion in revenue, with parcel delivery costs of $50 to $60 per hour, exceeding industry averages of $40 to $50. In November 2024, a <a href="/wiki/2024_Canada_Post_strike" title="2024 Canada Post strike">32-day strike</a> halted operations across Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Canada Post's 2023 annual report indicated it may run out of funds by the end of 2025. Unlike many Crown corporations, Canada Post must sustain itself entirely on its own revenues.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mail_format">Mail format</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mail format"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CanadaPostMailbox8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CanadaPostMailbox8.jpg/220px-CanadaPostMailbox8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CanadaPostMailbox8.jpg/330px-CanadaPostMailbox8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/CanadaPostMailbox8.jpg/440px-CanadaPostMailbox8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Canadian postal codes on an anti-graffiti mailbox</figcaption></figure> <p>Any letter sent within Canada has the destination <a href="/wiki/Address_(geography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Address (geography)">address</a> on the centre of its envelope, with a <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamp" title="Postage stamp">stamp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indicia_(philately)" title="Indicia (philately)">postal indicia</a>, meter label, or <a href="/wiki/Franking" title="Franking">frank</a> mark on the top-right corner of the envelope to acknowledge payment of postage. A <a href="/wiki/Return_address" title="Return address">return address</a>, although it is not required, can be put on the top-left corner or the back of the envelope in smaller type than the destination address. </p><p>Official addressing protocol is for the address to be in <a href="/wiki/Block_letters" title="Block letters">block letters</a>, using a fixed-pitch <a href="/wiki/Typeface" title="Typeface">typeface</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Courier_(typeface)" title="Courier (typeface)">Courier</a>). The first line(s) of the address contain(s) the personal name and internal address of the recipient. The second-to-last line is the post office box, general delivery indicator, or street address, using the shortened name of the street type and no punctuation. The last line consists of the legal place name, a single space, the two-letter province abbreviation, two full spaces, and then the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_postal_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian postal code">postal code</a>. The country designation is unnecessary if mailed within <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>. </p><p>Fictitious examples: </p> <table width="75%" style="font-family: monospace;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50%" valign="top">JOHN JONES<br />DÉPT MARKETING<br />10-321½ RUE CHARLES OUEST<br />MONTREAL QC  H3Z 2Y7<br />  </td> <td width="50%" valign="top">JOHN JONES<br />1234 FRANKLIN AVE<br />PO BOX 4001 STN A<br />YELLOWKNIFE NT  X1A 2B5 </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" valign="top">JOHN JONES<br />1234 7TH CONCESSION<br />SITE 6 COMP 10<br />RR 8 STN MAIN<br />MILLARVILLE AB  T0L 1K0 </td> <td width="50%" valign="top">JOHN JONES<br />GD STN MAIN<br />WALKERTON ON  N0G 2V0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_products_and_services">Major products and services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Major products and services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:800_Rene-Levesque_Ouest_-_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/800_Rene-Levesque_Ouest_-_02.jpg/220px-800_Rene-Levesque_Ouest_-_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/800_Rene-Levesque_Ouest_-_02.jpg/330px-800_Rene-Levesque_Ouest_-_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/800_Rene-Levesque_Ouest_-_02.jpg/440px-800_Rene-Levesque_Ouest_-_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a><figcaption>A Canada Post station in Montreal. Products and services are purchased at Canada Post stations</figcaption></figure> <p>The Corporation has a directory of all its products and services called the <i>Postal Guide</i> and has divided its range of services into three main categories: Transaction Mail, Parcels and Direct Marketing.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transaction_mail">Transaction mail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Transaction mail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canvas_bags.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Canvas_bags.jpg/220px-Canvas_bags.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Canvas_bags.jpg/330px-Canvas_bags.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Canvas_bags.jpg/440px-Canvas_bags.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>A Canada Post <a href="/wiki/Mail_bag" title="Mail bag">mail bag</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The lettermail service allows the transmission of virtually any paper document. The 2015 to 2018 rate was 85 cents for a standard letter (30 g or less) and $1.20 for a letter between 30 g and 50 g. Proposed change for 2019 is 90 cents and $1.27 for these rates. Rates usually increase in mid-January of each year; for ordinary letters (30 g or less).<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="rates seem to increase every year; check table at bottom of Letter Mail Regulations for the new 2015 rate. (December 2015)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> The rate was regulated by a price-cap formula, linked to the inflation rate.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Corporation now has a "permanent" stamp that is valued at the domestic rate forever, eliminating the need to buy 1 cent stamps after a rate increase. The rates for lettermail are based on weight and size and determine whether the article falls into the aforementioned standard format or in the oversize one. </p><p>The Canada Post website documents standards for delivery within Canada: </p> <ul><li>Lettermail<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Priority Delivery Standards<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Daily cross-country airmail services were introduced in 1939. Canadian municipal delivery service standards are two days, as seen on the Lettermail Delivery Standards Grid. </p><p>Mail sent internationally is known as letter-post. It can only contain paper documents (See "Small Packet" below). From 2015 to 2018, the rate for a standard letter is $1.20 if sent to the United States and $2.50 if sent to any other destination.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parcels">Parcels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Parcels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Post_bread_rack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Canada_Post_bread_rack.jpg/220px-Canada_Post_bread_rack.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Canada_Post_bread_rack.jpg/330px-Canada_Post_bread_rack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Canada_Post_bread_rack.jpg/440px-Canada_Post_bread_rack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Parcels at a Canada Post mail processing plant</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Domestic">Domestic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Domestic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Post_Tag036.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Canada_Post_Tag036.jpg/220px-Canada_Post_Tag036.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="416" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Canada_Post_Tag036.jpg/330px-Canada_Post_Tag036.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Canada_Post_Tag036.jpg/440px-Canada_Post_Tag036.jpg 2x" data-file-width="841" data-file-height="1589" /></a><figcaption>An Canada Post mail bag tag denoting it is for the postal service's domestic Xpresspost parcel service.</figcaption></figure> <p>Canada Post offers four domestic parcel services. The rates are based on distance, weight, and size. The maximum acceptable weight is 30 kg. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Four domestic parcel services </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Annotations </th></tr> <tr> <td>Regular Parcel </td> <td>Expected delivery time ranges from 2 to 13 business days, depending on the destination. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Expedited Parcel </td> <td>Available only to business customers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Delivery time ranges from 1 to 13 business days, depending on the destination. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Xpresspost </td> <td>Is a service for parcels and documents. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Delivery time ranges from 1 to 2 business days between major centres, and up to 7 business days to more remote areas. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Priority </td> <td>Is a service for parcels and documents. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Provides next business day service between major centres, and service within 7 business days to more remote locations. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="International">International</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: International"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Small_Packet">Small Packet</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Small Packet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Air and surface services are available.</li> <li>Maximum weight is 1 kg (USA) and 2 kg (International).</li> <li>No on time guarantee</li> <li>No ability to make a trace or investigation if it is lost or delayed</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Expedited_Parcel_USA">Expedited Parcel USA</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Expedited Parcel USA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Available for items sent to the United States only.</li> <li>Despite its name, does not provide any service guarantee.</li> <li>The maximum acceptable weight is 30 kg</li> <li>It is cheaper than the standard international rate.</li> <li>Handed off to the USPS as Priority Mail.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Xpresspost-USA_and_International">Xpresspost-USA and International</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Xpresspost-USA and International"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Provides speedy and guaranteed delivery to addresses in the United States.</li> <li>Provides accelerated delivery to certain countries.</li> <li>Maximum weight is 30 kg (USA) and 20 to 30 kg (depending on the international destination).</li> <li>Handed off to the USPS / other postal administrations as Priority Mail Express / EMS.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="International_Parcel">International Parcel</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: International Parcel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Air and surface service available</li> <li>Provides delivery to countries to which Xpresspost is not available</li> <li>No on time guarantee</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Direct_marketing">Direct marketing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Direct marketing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Post_ad_mail_rack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Canada_Post_ad_mail_rack.jpg/220px-Canada_Post_ad_mail_rack.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Canada_Post_ad_mail_rack.jpg/330px-Canada_Post_ad_mail_rack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Canada_Post_ad_mail_rack.jpg/440px-Canada_Post_ad_mail_rack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Promotional content to be distributed at a Canada Post mail processing plant.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Personalized_mail">Personalized mail</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Personalized mail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Promotional mailings targeted to specific residents.</li> <li>Minimum quantity of 1,000 articles.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Neighbourhood_mail">Neighbourhood mail</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Neighbourhood mail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Consists of printed matter and product samples that are not addressed to specific delivery addresses in Canada, but to specific neighbourhoods or cities.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Snap_Admail">Snap Admail</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Snap Admail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 22, 2014, Canada Post unveiled Snap Admail, an all-in-one online tool that is aimed to support small businesses in the creation and execution of direct-marketing campaigns.<sup id="cite_ref-Snap_Admail™_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snap_Admail™-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Store">Store</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Store"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RichmondHillDriveThruParcelCentre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/RichmondHillDriveThruParcelCentre.jpg/220px-RichmondHillDriveThruParcelCentre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/RichmondHillDriveThruParcelCentre.jpg/330px-RichmondHillDriveThruParcelCentre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/RichmondHillDriveThruParcelCentre.jpg/440px-RichmondHillDriveThruParcelCentre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>A Canada Post drive-thru parcel centre designed.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Canada Post operates a store front that sells a variety of stamps, and postal supplies to the public. The personal shop is focused on nominal postage, shipping supplies, and prepaid envelopes while the collectors shop has a selection of limited edition definitive and commemorative stamps as well as coins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Issue_of_stamps">Issue of stamps</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Issue of stamps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Post_Van_5469NH_Leonard_Cohen_Vehicle_53889._01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Canada_Post_Van_5469NH_Leonard_Cohen_Vehicle_53889._01.jpg/220px-Canada_Post_Van_5469NH_Leonard_Cohen_Vehicle_53889._01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Canada_Post_Van_5469NH_Leonard_Cohen_Vehicle_53889._01.jpg/330px-Canada_Post_Van_5469NH_Leonard_Cohen_Vehicle_53889._01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Canada_Post_Van_5469NH_Leonard_Cohen_Vehicle_53889._01.jpg/440px-Canada_Post_Van_5469NH_Leonard_Cohen_Vehicle_53889._01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>A delivery truck wrapped in an ad promoting a series of commemorative stamps from Canada Post where <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a> is the subject, 2019.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although Canada Post is responsible for stamp design and production, the corporation does not actually choose the subjects or the final designs that appear on stamps.<sup id="cite_ref-stamp_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stamp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That task falls under the jurisdiction of the Stamp Advisory Committee. Their objective is to recommend a stamp program that will have broad-based appeal, regionally and culturally, reflecting Canadian history, heritage, and tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-stamp_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stamp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before Canada Post calls a meeting of the committee, it also welcomes suggestions for stamp subjects from Canadian citizens. Ideas for subjects that have recently appeared on a stamp are declined. The committee works two years in advance and can approve approximately 20 subjects for each year.<sup id="cite_ref-stamp_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stamp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Once a stamp subject is selected, Canada Post's Stamp Products group conducts research. Designs are commissioned from two firms, both chosen for their expertise. The designs are presented anonymously to the committee.<sup id="cite_ref-stamp_56-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stamp-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committee's process and selection policy have changed little in the thirty years since it was introduced. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stamp_1971_CAN_MiNr0494AxDF_pm_B002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Stamp_1971_CAN_MiNr0494AxDF_pm_B002.jpg/220px-Stamp_1971_CAN_MiNr0494AxDF_pm_B002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Stamp_1971_CAN_MiNr0494AxDF_pm_B002.jpg/330px-Stamp_1971_CAN_MiNr0494AxDF_pm_B002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Stamp_1971_CAN_MiNr0494AxDF_pm_B002.jpg/440px-Stamp_1971_CAN_MiNr0494AxDF_pm_B002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="861" data-file-height="734" /></a><figcaption>A 1971 <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_definitive_stamp_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II definitive stamp (Canada)">definitive stamp of Queen Elizabeth II</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Notable stamps include <a href="/wiki/Canadian_definitive_postage_stamps" title="Canadian definitive postage stamps">Canadian definitive postage stamps</a> like the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_definitive_stamp_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II definitive stamp (Canada)">Queen Elizabeth II definitive stamps</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Post_millennium_stamps" title="Canada Post millennium stamps">Canada Post millennium stamps</a>, and an assortment of <a href="/wiki/Canadian_ice_hockey_stamps" title="Canadian ice hockey stamps">ice hockey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Olympic_stamps" title="Canadian Olympic stamps">Olympic stamps</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tracking_numbers_and_barcodes">Tracking numbers and barcodes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Tracking numbers and barcodes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/S10_(UPU_standard)" title="S10 (UPU standard)">S10 (UPU standard)</a></div> <p>Canada Post use 13 digit alphanumeric tracking numbers / barcodes for their pre-printed labels. Bar codes consist of two letters, followed by eight sequence digits, and a ninth digit which is the check digit. The first two letters are the type of service (RN for registered mail, PG for express post envelopes). The last two characters are the letters CA. The check digit ignores the letters and only concern itself with the first 8 numeric digits. The scheme is to multiply each of those 8 digits by a different weighting factor, (8 6 4 2 3 5 9 7). Add up the total of all of these multiplications and divide by 11. The remainder after dividing by 11 gives a number from 0 to 10. Subtracting this from 11 gives a number from 1 to 11. That result is the check digit, except in the two cases where it is 10 or 11. If 10 it is then changed to a 0, and if 11 then it is changed to a 5. The check digit may be used to verify if a barcode scan is correct, or if a manual entry of the barcode is correct. The system of barcode digit checking is referred to as Modulo 11 or Modulus 11 digit calculation.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Canada Post use 16 digit numeric tracking numbers / barcodes for parcels that originate from a Canada Post post office. The first 7 digits are the reference numbers for the specific post office that the package originated. A Modulus 10 digit calculation is used to verify that the barcode has been read correctly, also referred to as the <a href="/wiki/Luhn_algorithm" title="Luhn algorithm">Luhn algorithm</a>. USPS and Canada Post both use the same system to verify the barcodes, with a difference that USPS uses a 20 digit numeric tracking number. These types of barcodes are referred to as GS1-128.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization_and_labour_relations">Organization and labour relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Organization and labour relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Post_HQ_Ottawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Canada_Post_HQ_Ottawa.jpg/220px-Canada_Post_HQ_Ottawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Canada_Post_HQ_Ottawa.jpg/330px-Canada_Post_HQ_Ottawa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Canada_Post_HQ_Ottawa.jpg/440px-Canada_Post_HQ_Ottawa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Canada Post headquarters in Ottawa</figcaption></figure> <p>Unlike some <a href="/wiki/Crown_corporations" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown corporations">Crown corporations</a>, Canada Post is solely sustained through its profits. Many of its business practices require federal approval, including its corporate plan and postage fees.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents_and_CEOs">Presidents and CEOs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Presidents and CEOs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1981, Canada Post became a Crown Corporation with a President and CEO. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>President and CEOs of Canada Post </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Years </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Remarks </th></tr> <tr> <td>1981–1985 </td> <td>Michael Warren </td> <td>Appointed on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986–1992 </td> <td>Donald Harley Lander </td> <td>Appointed on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993–1998 </td> <td>Georges Clermont </td> <td>Appointed on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999–2004 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Ouellet" title="André Ouellet">André Ouellet</a> </td> <td>Appointed on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chretien</a>. Former <a href="/wiki/Postmaster_General_of_Canada" title="Postmaster General of Canada">Postmaster General</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004–2010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moya_Greene" title="Moya Greene">Moya Greene</a> </td> <td>Appointed on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin" title="Paul Martin">Paul Martin</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010–2011 </td> <td>Stewart Bacon </td> <td>Appointed interim CEO on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a> following Greene's departure. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011–2018 </td> <td>Deepak Chopra </td> <td>Appointed on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018– 2019 </td> <td>Jessica McDonald </td> <td>Interim appointment by the Board of Directors.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019–present </td> <td>Doug Ettinger </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ombudsman">Ombudsman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Ombudsman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Office of the Ombudsman at Canada Post was created in October 1997 as a result of the 1995 Canada Post Mandate Review conducted by an Advisory Panel appointed by the Canadian government.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman">Ombudsman</a> is the final appeal authority in resolving postal service complaints. If a complaint is not resolved to the customer's satisfaction by Canada Post, the customer can appeal to the Ombudsman. Although the Ombudsman has no legislative power over the Corporation, the recommendations that the office makes to Canada Post can help improve company processes, amend policies and reinforce compliance with procedures. </p><p>The Ombudsman is independent of Canada Post staff and management, reporting directly to the Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mrs. Francine Conn was appointed on July 11, 2011, as the fourth and current Ombudsman at Canada Post.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The services offered by the Office of the Ombudsman are free of charge. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labour_relations">Labour relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Labour relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:377_Bank_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/377_Bank_Street.jpg/220px-377_Bank_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/377_Bank_Street.jpg/330px-377_Bank_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/377_Bank_Street.jpg/440px-377_Bank_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>The building which houses the headquarters for the Canadian Union of Postal Workers in Ottawa.</figcaption></figure> <p>Canada Post has a history of troubled <a href="/wiki/Labour_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour relations">labour relations</a> with its <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade unions</a>, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Union_of_Postal_Workers" title="Canadian Union of Postal Workers">Canadian Union of Postal Workers</a> (CUPW) and the Letter Carriers Union of Canada (which merged with CUPW in 1989), culminating in periodic <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strike action</a> that has halted mail service in Canada on different occasions. There were at least 19 strikes, lockouts, and walkouts between 1965 and 1997,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including several <a href="/wiki/Wildcat_strike" title="Wildcat strike">wildcat strikes</a>. A number of these strikes after the 1970s were countered with <a href="/wiki/Strikebreaker" title="Strikebreaker">strikebreakers</a> and back-to-work legislation from the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian parliament">Canadian parliament</a>. </p><p>Nearly all Canada Post employees who are not in the CUPW belong to one of three smaller trade unions. The <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Postmasters_and_Assistants_Association" title="Canadian Postmasters and Assistants Association">Canadian Postmasters and Assistants Association</a> covers 12,000 rural workers, the Association of Postal Officials of Canada has 3,400 supervisors and the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Postal_Communications_Employees" title="Union of Postal Communications Employees">Union of Postal Communications Employees</a> represents 2,600 technical workers.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, rural route contractors became employees of Canada Post and joined the Canadian Union of Postal Workers (CUPW). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Letters_to_Santa_Claus">Letters to Santa Claus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Letters to Santa Claus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Festive_Postman_(4197714154).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Festive_Postman_%284197714154%29.jpg/220px-Festive_Postman_%284197714154%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Festive_Postman_%284197714154%29.jpg/330px-Festive_Postman_%284197714154%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Festive_Postman_%284197714154%29.jpg/440px-Festive_Postman_%284197714154%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A holiday-themed Canada Post delivery truck with a sign that reads "Santa Claus North Pole" on its top</figcaption></figure> <p>Canada Post receives millions of letters addressed to <a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus" title="Santa Claus">Santa Claus</a> each year. In 1974, three Canada Post employees started to respond to mail addressed to Santa in Montreal, Quebec. In 1982, Canada Post rolled out the initiative across Canada and pledged that every letter sent in would receive a reply. A stamp is not required when sending a letter to Santa Claus from Canada and there is a special dedicated postal code, <a href="/wiki/H0H_0H0" class="mw-redirect" title="H0H 0H0">H0H 0H0</a>. About 15,000 current and retired employees respond in many languages to each letter received on behalf of Santa. Over the past 27 years, more than 15 million letters were written by volunteers. Canada Post also receives letters to God and, on occasion, the <a href="/wiki/Easter_Bunny" title="Easter Bunny">Easter Bunny</a>. </p><p>In 2001, Canada Post started accepting e-mail messages to Santa. In 2006, more than 44,000 email messages were responded to.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2024 strike caused Canada Post to remove its deadline for sending letters to Santa when its letters to Santa program was disrupted.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parents were forced to find alternative ways to send their children's wishes. Across the country, libraries, businesses and firefighters, amongst others, stepped in to help.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/EmailSanta.com" title="EmailSanta.com">emailSanta.com</a> website, which was created in the wake of the 1997 Canada Post strike as alternative way to send letters to Santa then, saw an increase by over 250 per cent in letters to Santa.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_postal_entities" title="List of postal entities">List of postal entities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_Union_of_the_Americas,_Spain_and_Portugal" title="Postal Union of the Americas, Spain and Portugal">Postal Union of the Americas, Spain and Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Postal_Union" title="Caribbean Postal Union">Caribbean Postal Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Philatelic_Society_of_Canada" title="Royal Philatelic Society of Canada">Royal Philatelic Society of Canada</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canadapost.ca/cpo/mr/assets/pdf/business/eBayOpenLetter_En.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160817214854/https://www.canadapost.ca/cpo/mr/assets/pdf/business/eBayOpenLetter_En.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on August 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadapost.ca%2Fcpo%2Fmr%2Fassets%2Fpdf%2Fbusiness%2FeBayOpenLetter_En.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CPC_Finance-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CPC_Finance_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CPC_Finance_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canadapost-postescanada.ca/cpc/en/our-company/about-us/financial-reports/2022-annual-report/our-financial-results/by-the-numbers.page">"By the Numbers"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=By+the+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadapost-postescanada.ca%2Fcpc%2Fen%2Four-company%2Fabout-us%2Ffinancial-reports%2F2022-annual-report%2Four-financial-results%2Fby-the-numbers.page&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canadapost-postescanada.ca/cpc/doc/en/aboutus/financialreports/2020-annual-financial-report.pdf">"2020 Annual Financial Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Canada Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canada+Post&rft.atitle=2020+Annual+Financial+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadapost-postescanada.ca%2Fcpc%2Fdoc%2Fen%2Faboutus%2Ffinancialreports%2F2020-annual-financial-report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C-10-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-C-10_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-C-10_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-10/">"Canada Post Corporation Act"</a>. <i>Department of Justice (Canada)</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Justice+%28Canada%29&rft.atitle=Canada+Post+Corporation+Act&rft.date=1985&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laws.justice.gc.ca%2Feng%2Facts%2FC-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-10/page-2.html#h-6">Canada Post Corporation Act</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140312225518/http://www.laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-10/page-2.html#h-6">Archived</a> March 12, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Part I Section 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cpar2015-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cpar2015_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cpar2015_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200411160811/https://www.canadapost.ca/assets/pdf/aboutus/financialreports/2016_ar_overview_en.pdf">"2016 Annual Report – Overview"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Canada_Post_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada Post Corporation">Canada Post Corporation</a>. 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Schedule ("Rates of Postage — Letter Mail") to section 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Under the price-cap formula approved by the federal government in 2000, basic letter rate increases, when warranted, will not exceed 66.67% of inflation as measured by the Consumer Price Index from May prior to the last increase to May of the current year. Increases will be implemented no more than once a year, in January, and announced no later than July 1 in the year before the increase goes into effect in the Canada Gazette Part I.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canadapost.ca/tools/pg/manual/PGletterml-e.asp">Lettermail</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadapost.ca/tools/pg/manual/PGservstds-e.asp#1910138">Priority™ Delivery Standards Grid (see Table 12)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130521232244/https://www.canadapost.ca/cpo/mc/business/productsservices/letterpost.jsf">"Postes Canada – Poste aux lettres à destination des États-Unis et du régime international"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Keith+Beardsley%3A+Post+Office+pays+the+price+for+MPs%27+summer+vacation&rft.date=2011-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffullcomment.nationalpost.com%2F2011%2F06%2F23%2Fkeith-beardsley-post-office-pays-the-price-for-mps-summer-vacation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101130050256/http://www.cpaa-acmpa.ca/about_us_en.html">"About us"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CPAA" class="mw-redirect" title="CPAA">CPAA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpaa-acmpa.ca/about_us_en.html">the original</a> on November 30, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+us&rft.pub=CPAA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpaa-acmpa.ca%2Fabout_us_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110311230619/http://www.apoc-aopc.com/en_profil.asp">"About APOC"</a>. Association of Postal Officials of Canada. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apoc-aopc.com/en_profil.asp">the original</a> on March 11, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+APOC&rft.pub=Association+of+Postal+Officials+of+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apoc-aopc.com%2Fen_profil.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlaine_Kyllo2007" class="citation web cs1">Blaine Kyllo (November 22, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straight.com/article-119312/santas-making-a-blog-and-checking-it-twice">"Santa's making a blog and checking it twice"</a>. straight.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Santa%27s+making+a+blog+and+checking+it+twice&rft.pub=straight.com&rft.date=2007-11-22&rft.au=Blaine+Kyllo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straight.com%2Farticle-119312%2Fsantas-making-a-blog-and-checking-it-twice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan" class="citation web cs1">Brennan, Noah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://calgaryherald.com/news/calgary-santa-emailing-website-sees-renewed-interest-amid-postal-strike-founder-says">"Calgary-based Santa emailing website sees renewed interest amid postal strike, founder says"</a>. <i>Calgary Herald</i>. Post Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Calgary+Herald&rft.atitle=Calgary-based+Santa+emailing+website+sees+renewed+interest+amid+postal+strike%2C+founder+says&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Noah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcalgaryherald.com%2Fnews%2Fcalgary-santa-emailing-website-sees-renewed-interest-amid-postal-strike-founder-says&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDangerfield" class="citation web cs1">Dangerfield, Katie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnews.ca/news/10890705/santa-letters-canada-post-strike-alternatives/">"Will Santa get your letter this year? Alternatives amid Canada Post strike"</a>. <i>GlobalNews.ca</i>. Global News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GlobalNews.ca&rft.atitle=Will+Santa+get+your+letter+this+year%3F+Alternatives+amid+Canada+Post+strike&rft.aulast=Dangerfield&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnews.ca%2Fnews%2F10890705%2Fsanta-letters-canada-post-strike-alternatives%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDjan" class="citation web cs1">Djan, Edward. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://calgary.citynews.ca/video/2024/12/11/calgarians-finding-alternative-ways-to-send-their-letters-to-santa-claus/">"Calgarians finding alternative ways to send their letters to Santa Claus"</a>. <i>Calgary CityNews</i>. Rogers Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Calgary+CityNews&rft.atitle=Calgarians+finding+alternative+ways+to+send+their+letters+to+Santa+Claus&rft.aulast=Djan&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcalgary.citynews.ca%2Fvideo%2F2024%2F12%2F11%2Fcalgarians-finding-alternative-ways-to-send-their-letters-to-santa-claus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdie1990" class="citation book cs1">Adie, Douglas K. (1990). <i>The Mail Monopoly: Analysing Canadian Postal Service</i>. Fraser Institute. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780889751323" title="Special:BookSources/9780889751323"><bdi>9780889751323</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mail+Monopoly%3A+Analysing+Canadian+Postal+Service&rft.pub=Fraser+Institute&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780889751323&rft.aulast=Adie&rft.aufirst=Douglas+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Arnell, Jack C., and Kenneth S. Mackenzie. <i>Atlantic Mails: A History of the Mail Service Between Great Britain and Canada to 1889</i> (National Postal Museum, 1980).</li></ul> <ul><li>Bickerton, Geoff. "Postal deregulation and its impact on postal workers: a Canadian union perspective." in <i>Liberalization of the Postal and Delivery Sector</i> (Edward Elgar, 2006) pp. 203–216.</li></ul> <ul><li>Campbell, Robert M. "Symbolic regulation: the case of third-party regulation of Canada Post." <i>Canadian Public Policy/Analyse de Politiques</i> (1993): 325–339.</li></ul> <ul><li>Currie, A. W. "The Post Office Since 1867." <i>Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science/Revue canadienne de economiques et science politique</i> 24.2 (1958): 241–250. DOI: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.2307/138771">https://doi.org/10.2307/138771</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Geloso, Vincent, and Michael Makovi. "State capacity and the post office: Evidence from nineteenth century Quebec." <i>Journal of Government and Economics</i> 5 (2022): 100035. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667319322000076">online</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Osborne, Brian, and Robert Pike. "Lowering the Walls of Oblivion”: The Revolution in Postal Communications in Central Canada, 1851–1911." <i>Canadian Papers in Rural History</i> 4 (1984): 200–225.</li></ul> <ul><li>Sidak, J. Gregory, and Daniel F. Spulber. "Monopoly and the mandate of Canada post." <i>Yale Journal on Regulation</i> 14 (1997): 1+. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.13051/7944/05_14YaleJonReg1_1997_.pdf?sequence=2">online</a></li> <li>Smith, William. <i>History of the Post Office in British North America, 1639–1870</i> (Cambridge UP, 1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/thehistoryofthep37238gut">online</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Primary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2006" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Ken (2006). <i>Main Street Memories</i>. Lockport, NS: Community Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Main+Street+Memories&rft.place=Lockport%2C+NS&rft.pub=Community+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+Post" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada_Post&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_stamps" title="Template:Canadian stamps"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_stamps" title="Template talk:Canadian stamps"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_stamps" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian stamps"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canadian_stamps117" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Canadian stamps</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Postage stamps<br />and postal history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Canada" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li>Pre-confederation <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_British_Columbia" title="Postage stamps and postal history of British Columbia">British Columbia & Vancouver Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_New_Brunswick" title="Postage stamps and postal history of New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Newfoundland" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Nova_Scotia" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3_pence_beaver_stamp.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="3d Beaver"><img alt="3d Beaver" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/3_pence_beaver_stamp.jpg/150px-3_pence_beaver_stamp.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/3_pence_beaver_stamp.jpg/225px-3_pence_beaver_stamp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/3_pence_beaver_stamp.jpg/300px-3_pence_beaver_stamp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="278" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada Post</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Canada" title="Postal codes in Canada">Postal codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_postal_abbreviations_for_provinces_and_territories" title="Canadian postal abbreviations for provinces and territories">Provincial and territorial postal abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Post_stamp_releases_(2000%E2%80%9304)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada Post stamp releases (2000–04)">2000–2004 stamp releases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Post_stamp_releases_(2005%E2%80%9309)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada Post stamp releases (2005–09)">2005–2009 stamp releases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Post_stamp_releases_(2010%E2%80%9314)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada Post stamp releases (2010–14)">2010–2014 stamp releases</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individual stamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_12d_black" title="Canada 12d black">12d black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_2c_Large_Queen_on_laid_paper" title="Canada 2c Large Queen on laid paper">2c Large Queen on laid paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluenose_(postage_stamp)" title="Bluenose (postage stamp)">Bluenose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Post_millennium_stamps" title="Canada Post millennium stamps">Millennium stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_domestic_rate_stamp_(Canada)" title="Queen Elizabeth II domestic rate stamp (Canada)">Queen Elizabeth II domestic rate stamps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stamps by theme</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_ice_hockey_stamps" title="Canadian ice hockey stamps">Ice hockey stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Olympic_stamps" title="Canadian Olympic stamps">Olympic stamps</a></li> <li>People on stamps <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_on_the_postage_stamps_of_Canada" title="List of people on the postage stamps of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_on_the_postage_stamps_of_the_Canadian_provinces" title="List of people on the postage stamps of the Canadian provinces">Canadian provinces</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Revenue stamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revenue_stamps_of_Canada" title="Revenue stamps of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li>Provinces <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Alberta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Alberta (page does not exist)">Alberta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_British_Columbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of British Columbia (page does not exist)">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Manitoba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Manitoba (page does not exist)">Manitoba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_New_Brunswick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of New Brunswick (page does not exist)">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Newfoundland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Newfoundland (page does not exist)">Newfoundland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Nova_Scotia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Nova Scotia (page does not exist)">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Ontario (page does not exist)">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Prince_Edward_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Prince Edward Island (page does not exist)">Prince Edward Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Quebec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Quebec (page does not exist)">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Saskatchewan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Saskatchewan (page does not exist)">Saskatchewan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenue_stamps_of_Yukon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revenue stamps of Yukon (page does not exist)">Yukon</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Postal_Museum" title="Canadian Postal Museum">Canadian Postal Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Postal_Hockey_Tournament" title="International Postal Hockey Tournament">International Postal Hockey Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Philatelic_Society_of_Canada" title="Royal Philatelic Society of Canada">Royal Philatelic Society of Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Postal_administrations_of_North_America43" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Postal_administrations_of_North_America" title="Template:Postal administrations of North America"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Postal_administrations_of_North_America" title="Template talk:Postal administrations of North America"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Postal_administrations_of_North_America" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Postal administrations of North America"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Postal_administrations_of_North_America43" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Postal_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Postal administration">Postal administrations</a> of North America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anguilla_Postal_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anguilla Postal Service (page does not exist)">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antigua_Post_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antigua Post Office (page does not exist)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Aruba" title="Post Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahamas_Postal_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahamas Postal Service (page does not exist)">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados_Postal_Service" title="Barbados Postal Service">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belize_Postal_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belize Postal Service (page does not exist)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bermuda_Post_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bermuda Post Office (page does not exist)">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BVI_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BVI Post (page does not exist)">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cayman_Islands_Postal_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cayman Islands Postal Service (page does not exist)">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correos_de_Costa_Rica" title="Correos de Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Empresa_de_Correos_de_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Empresa de Correos de Cuba (page does not exist)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cpost_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cpost International (page does not exist)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Post_Office_(Dominica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Post Office (Dominica) (page does not exist)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Postal_Directorate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Postal Directorate (page does not exist)">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Post Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada_Postal_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grenada Postal Corporation (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correo_de_Guatemala" title="Correo de Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_des_Postes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office des Postes (page does not exist)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honducor" title="Honducor">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_Corporation_of_Jamaica" title="Postal Corporation of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correos_de_M%C3%A9xico" title="Correos de México">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Post_Office_(Dominica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Post Office (Dominica) (page does not exist)">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FXDC_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FXDC Post (page does not exist)">Netherlands <small>(Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correos_de_Nicaragua" title="Correos de Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Direcci%C3%B3n_General_de_Correos_y_Tel%C3%A9grafos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirección General de Correos y Telégrafos (page does not exist)">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Post_Office_(Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Post Office (Saint Kitts and Nevis) (page does not exist)">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Post_Office_(Saint_Lucia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Post Office (Saint Lucia) (page does not exist)">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Poste_de_Saint-Pierre_et_Miquelon" class="mw-redirect" title="La Poste de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines_Postal_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Postal Corporation (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Postal_Services_St._Maarten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Postal Services St. Maarten (page does not exist)">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TTPost" title="TTPost">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Post_Office_(Turks_and_Caicos_Islands)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Post Office (Turks and Caicos Islands) (page does not exist)">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Post_of_the_Americas343" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Americas_topic" title="Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Americas_topic" title="Template talk:Americas topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Americas_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Post_of_the_Americas343" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Post of the Americas</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in the Americas">Sovereign<br />states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Antigua and Barbuda (page does not exist)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_the_Bahamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of the Bahamas (page does not exist)">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Barbados" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Belize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Belize (page does not exist)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Bolivia" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Colombia (page does not exist)">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Cuba (page does not exist)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Dominica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Dominica (page does not exist)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_the_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Ecuador" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_El_Salvador" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Grenada (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Guyana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Guyana (page does not exist)">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Haiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Haiti (page does not exist)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Jamaica" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Nicaragua" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Panama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Panama (page does not exist)">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Saint Kitts and Nevis (page does not exist)">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Saint Lucia (page does not exist)">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Uruguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Anguilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Anguilla (page does not exist)">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Aruba" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Bermuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Bermuda (page does not exist)">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Bonaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Bonaire (page does not exist)">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of the British Virgin Islands (page does not exist)">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_the_Cayman_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of the Cayman Islands (page does not exist)">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Cura%C3%A7ao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Curaçao (page does not exist)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_the_Falkland_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of the Falkland Islands (page does not exist)">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_French_Guiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Guadeloupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Martinique" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Montserrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Montserrat (page does not exist)">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Puerto Rico (page does not exist)">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Saba_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Saba (island) (page does not exist)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of the Collectivity of Saint Martin (page does not exist)">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_of_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" class="mw-redirect" title="Post of Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Sint_Eustatius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Sint Eustatius (page does not exist)">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_Sint_Maarten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of Sint Maarten (page does not exist)">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Post_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Post of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (page does not 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