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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ensaluti</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Pliaj agordoj" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personaj iloj" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personaj iloj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menuo de uzanto" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eo.wikipedia.org&uselang=eo"><span>Donaci</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Krei_konton&returnto=Malferma+stelamaso" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi kreu uzantokonton kaj ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas deviga"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Krei konton</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&returnto=Malferma+stelamaso" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas devige. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ensaluti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paĝoj por elsalutitaj redaktistoj <a href="/wiki/Helpo:Enkonduko" aria-label="Lernu pli pri redaktado"><span>Lernu pli</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Miaj_kontribuoj" title="Listo de redaktoj faritaj el ĉi tiu IPa adreso [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuoj</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Mia_diskutpa%C4%9Do" title="Diskuto pri redaktoj sub tiu ĉi IP adreso [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Retejo"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Enhavo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Enhavo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Komenco</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Literaturo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literaturo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Literaturo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literaturo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksteraj_ligiloj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksteraj_ligiloj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Eksteraj ligiloj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksteraj_ligiloj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Enhavo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Malferma stelamaso</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 65 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD" title="عنقود مفتوح — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عنقود مفتوح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmulu_abiertu" title="Cúmulu abiertu — asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cúmulu abiertu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1q_ulduz_topas%C4%B1" title="Açıq ulduz topası — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Açıq ulduz topası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D2%99%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Таралған йондоҙҙар тупланмаһы — baŝkira" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Таралған йондоҙҙар тупланмаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baŝkira" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Рассеянае зорнае скопішча — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рассеянае зорнае скопішча" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Расьсеяная зорная скупнасьць — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Расьсеяная зорная скупнасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Разсеян звезден куп — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Разсеян звезден куп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95" title="মুক্ত স্তবক — bengala" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুক্ত স্তবক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoreno_zvjezdano_jato" title="Otvoreno zvjezdano jato — bosna" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Otvoreno zvjezdano jato" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmul_obert" title="Cúmul obert — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cúmul obert" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otev%C5%99en%C3%A1_hv%C4%9Bzdokupa" title="Otevřená hvězdokupa — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Otevřená hvězdokupa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85ben_stjernehob" title="Åben stjernehob — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Åben stjernehob" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offener_Sternhaufen" title="Offener Sternhaufen — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Offener Sternhaufen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8C_%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AE%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ανοικτό σμήνος — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανοικτό σμήνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_cluster" title="Open cluster — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Open cluster" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="elstara artikolo"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmulo_abierto" title="Cúmulo abierto — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cúmulo abierto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajusparv" title="Hajusparv — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hajusparv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumulu_ireki" title="Kumulu ireki — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kumulu ireki" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="خوشه ستاره‌ای باز — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوشه ستاره‌ای باز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoin_t%C3%A4htijoukko" title="Avoin tähtijoukko — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avoin tähtijoukko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amas_ouvert" title="Amas ouvert — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amas ouvert" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braisle_oscailte" title="Braisle oscailte — irlanda" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Braisle oscailte" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmulo_aberto" title="Cúmulo aberto — galega" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cúmulo aberto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" title="צביר פתוח — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צביר פתוח" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9B" title="खुला तारागुच्छ — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खुला तारागुच्छ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoreni_skup_(astronomija)" title="Otvoreni skup (astronomija) — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Otvoreni skup (astronomija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny%C3%ADlthalmaz" title="Nyílthalmaz — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyílthalmaz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE_%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ցրված աստղային կուտակումներ — armena" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցրված աստղային կուտակումներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugus_terbuka" title="Gugus terbuka — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gugus terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="elstara artikolo"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammasso_aperto" title="Ammasso aperto — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ammasso aperto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E9%96%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%A3" title="散開星団 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="散開星団" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%9B%D0%B0%D2%9B_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B6%D2%B1%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Тарқақ үйіржұлдыз — kazaĥa" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тарқақ үйіржұлдыз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EA%B0%9C%EC%84%B1%EB%8B%A8" title="산개성단 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="산개성단" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulus_stellarum_apertus" title="Cumulus stellarum apertus — latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cumulus stellarum apertus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup" title="Oppene Stärekoup — luksemburga" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Oppene Stärekoup" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padrikasis_spie%C4%8Dius" title="Padrikasis spiečius — litova" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Padrikasis spiečius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Va%C4%BC%C4%93j%C4%81_zvaig%C5%BE%C5%86u_kopa" title="Vaļējā zvaigžņu kopa — latva" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vaļējā zvaigžņu kopa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%95%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Расеано ѕвездено јато — makedona" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Расеано ѕвездено јато" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="തുറന്ന താരവ്യൂഹം — malajalama" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തുറന്ന താരവ്യൂഹം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelompok_terbuka" title="Kelompok terbuka — malaja" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kelompok terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_sterrenhoop" title="Open sterrenhoop — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Open sterrenhoop" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_stjernehop" title="Open stjernehop — novnorvega" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Open stjernehop" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novnorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85pen_stjernehop" title="Åpen stjernehop — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Åpen stjernehop" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%A0s_dub%C3%A8rt" title="Amàs dubèrt — okcitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Amàs dubèrt" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9B%E0%A9%87" title="ਖੁੱਲੇ ਤਾਰਾਗੁੱਛੇ — panĝaba" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖੁੱਲੇ ਤਾਰਾਗੁੱਛੇ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panĝaba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="elstara artikolo"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gromada_otwarta" title="Gromada otwarta — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gromada otwarta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aglomerado_estelar_aberto" title="Aglomerado estelar aberto — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aglomerado estelar aberto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roi_deschis" title="Roi deschis — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Roi deschis" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Рассеянное звёздное скопление — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рассеянное звёздное скопление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoreni_skup" title="Otvoreni skup — serbo-Kroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Otvoreni skup" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-Kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_star_cluster" title="Open star cluster — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Open star cluster" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoren%C3%A1_hviezdokopa" title="Otvorená hviezdokopa — slovaka" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Otvorená hviezdokopa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odprta_zvezdna_kopica" title="Odprta zvezdna kopica — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Odprta zvezdna kopica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Расејано звездано јато — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Расејано звездано јато" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96ppen_stj%C3%A4rnhop" title="Öppen stjärnhop — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Öppen stjärnhop" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="elstara artikolo"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="กระจุกดาวเปิด — taja" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระจุกดาวเปิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1k_y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_k%C3%BCmesi" title="Açık yıldız kümesi — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Açık yıldız kümesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Йолдызлар сибелгән тупланышы — tatara" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Йолдызлар сибелгән тупланышы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Розсіяне скупчення — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Розсіяне скупчення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%A5m_sao_m%E1%BB%9F" title="Cụm sao mở — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cụm sao mở" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pundok_nagsasasarang" title="Pundok nagsasasarang — varaja" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pundok nagsasasarang" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%8F%E6%95%A3%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%A2" title="疏散星团 — vua" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="疏散星团" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%8F%E6%95%A3%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%A2" title="疏散星团 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="疏散星团" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2a%E2%81%BF-khui_chhe%E2%81%BF-tho%C3%A2n" title="Sòaⁿ-khui chheⁿ-thoân — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sòaⁿ-khui chheⁿ-thoân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%8F%E6%95%A3%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%98" title="疏散星團 — kantona" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="疏散星團" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11387#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti 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Presi/elporti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Malferma+stelamaso"><span>Krei libron</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:DownloadAsPdf&page=Malferma_stelamaso&action=show-download-screen"><span>Elŝuti kiel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malferma_stelamaso&printable=yes" title="Presebla versio de tiu ĉi paĝo [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Presebla versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En aliaj projektoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Open_clusters" hreflang="en"><span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11387" title="Ligilo al konektita datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspekto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">El Vikipedio, la libera enciklopedio</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg/250px-Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg/375px-Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg/500px-Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1076" data-file-height="1087" /></a><figcaption><small>Sube dekstre: la stelamaso <i>Hodge 301</i> kun aĝo de kelkaj milionoj da jaroj. Ĝi estas parto de <a href="/wiki/NGC_2070" title="NGC 2070">Tarantula Nebulozo</a> en la <a href="/wiki/Granda_Magelana_Nubo" title="Granda Magelana Nubo">Granda Magelana Nubo</a>.</small></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Malferma stelamaso</b> estas <a href="/wiki/Stelamaso" title="Stelamaso">stelamaso</a>, kolektiĝo de dudek ĝis kelkaj mil <a href="/wiki/Stelo" title="Stelo">steloj</a>, kiuj evoluis el la sama giganta molekulnubo. Ĝia <a href="/wiki/Koncentri%C4%9Do" class="mw-disambig" title="Koncentriĝo">koncentriĝo</a> en la centro de la amaso estas relative malforta. Tamen ĝi klare kontrastas kontraŭ la stelfono. Pli koncentritaj stelamasoj nomiĝas <a href="/wiki/Globa_stelamaso" title="Globa stelamaso">globaj stelamasoj</a>. Malfermaj stelamasoj troviĝas nur en <a href="/wiki/Spirala_galaksio" title="Spirala galaksio">spiralaj</a> aŭ <a href="/wiki/Malregula_galaksio" title="Malregula galaksio">neregulaj galaksioj</a>, en kiuj ekestas steloj. Ili malofte estas pli aĝaj ol kelkajn cent milionojn da jaroj, ĉar kolizioj kun aliaj stelamasoj aŭ gasnuboj detruas ilin. Krome per internaj faktoroj ili povas perdi unuopajn stelojn. </p><div class="noprint tright portal" style="border:solid #aaa 1px;text-align:center;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;"> <table style="background:#f9f9f9;font-size:90%;line-height:110%;max-width:210px;padding:1ex;"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"><td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Crab_Nebula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portala ikono" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/28px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/42px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/56px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0 1ex;vertical-align:middle;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Portalo:Astronomio" title="Portalo:Astronomio"><span style="color:white; padding:0.5px .7ex; display: block; background: #788BA9">Portalo pri Astronomio</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literaturo">Literaturo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malferma_stelamaso&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Literaturo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malferma_stelamaso&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Literaturo"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Battinelli P., Capuzzo-Dolcetta R. (1991), <i>Formation and evolutionary properties of the Galactic open cluster system</i>, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 249, p. 76-83</li> <li>van den Bergh S., McClure R.D. (1980), <i>Galactic distribution of the oldest open clusters</i>, Astronomy & Astrophysics, v.88, p. 360</li> <li>Brown A.G.A. (2001), <i>Open clusters and OB associations: a review</i>, Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica, v. 11, p89-96 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?bibcode=2001RMxAC..11...89B&data_type=PDF_HIGH&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf">PDF</a> (<a href="/wiki/Astrophysics_Data_System" title="Astrophysics Data System">ADS</a>)</li> <li>Whitmore, B.C. (2003), <i>The Formation of Star Clusters</i>, In: A decade of Hubble Space Telescope science, ed. Mario Livio, Keith Noll, Massimo Stiavelli. Space Telescope Science Institute symposium series, Vol. 14. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 153 - 178, <a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0521824591" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-82459-1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0012546">antaŭpresaĵo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksteraj_ligiloj">Eksteraj ligiloj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malferma_stelamaso&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Eksteraj ligiloj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malferma_stelamaso&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Eksteraj ligiloj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Open_clusters?uselang=eo">Kategorio Malferma stelamaso en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wienerzeitung.at/Desktopdefault.aspx?TabID=3946&Alias=wzo&lexikon=Astronomie&letter=A&cob=4228">Offene Sternhaufen – die Kinderkrippen der Galaxis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070310223305/http://www.wienerzeitung.at/Desktopdefault.aspx?TabID=3946&Alias=wzo&lexikon=Astronomie&letter=A&cob=4228">Arkivigite je</a> 2007-03-10 per la retarkivo <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Germana_lingvo" title="Germana lingvo"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">germane</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seds.org/messier/open.html">Open Star Clusters</a> en la paĝoj de SEDS Messier <a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">angle</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peripatus.gen.nz/Astronomy/OpeClu.html">Open clusters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050218133220/http://www.peripatus.gen.nz/astronomy/OpeClu.html">Arkivigite je</a> 2005-02-18 per la retarkivo <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, ĝenerala superrigardo <a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">angle</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armandocaussade.com/astronomy/open_and_globular.html">Open and globular clusters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509154452/http://www.armandocaussade.com/astronomy/open_and_globular.html">Arkivigite je</a> 2008-05-09 per la retarkivo <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, superrigardo <a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">angle</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~soper/Stars/movingcluster.html">The moving cluster method</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050408171117/http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~soper/Stars/movingcluster.html">Arkivigite je</a> 2005-04-08 per la retarkivo <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – mezurado de distancoj <a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">angle</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nightskyinfo.com/open_clusters">Open Clusters</a> (informoj, amatora observado) <a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">angle</span></a></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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