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id="toc-Drying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_with_jerky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_with_jerky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Comparison with jerky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_with_jerky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Retail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eating" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eating"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eating</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eating-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Worldwide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Worldwide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Worldwide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Worldwide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Similar_foods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Similar_foods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Similar foods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Similar_foods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Biltong</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA" title="بيلتونغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيلتونغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimukuyu" title="Chimukuyu – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chimukuyu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%97" title="બિલ્ટોણ્ગ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બિલ્ટોણ્ગ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%ED%86%B5" title="빌통 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="빌통" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="बिल्टोंग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बिल्टोंग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umqwayiba" title="Umqwayiba – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umqwayiba" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92" title="בילטונג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בילטונג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97" title="बिल्टाँग – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बिल्टाँग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC" title="بيلتونج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيلتونج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="ビルトン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビルトン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%97" title="ਬਿਲਟੌਂਗ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਲਟੌਂਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Билтонг – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Билтонг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segwapa" title="Segwapa – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Segwapa" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umcwayiba" title="Umcwayiba – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Umcwayiba" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukoki" title="Mukoki – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Mukoki" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Білтонг – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Білтонг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biltong" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntonga" title="Ntonga – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ntonga" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E9%80%9A" title="比尔通 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="比尔通" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q863394#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span lang="nl">Biltong</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sliced_Biltong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Sliced_Biltong.jpg/220px-Sliced_Biltong.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Sliced_Biltong.jpg/330px-Sliced_Biltong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Sliced_Biltong.jpg/440px-Sliced_Biltong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2421" data-file-height="1715" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Sliced beef biltong</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dried_meat" title="Dried meat">Dried meat</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient"><a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">Meat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Ingredients generally used</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Black pepper</li> <li>Coriander</li> <li>Salt</li> <li>Vinegar</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biltong" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Biltong">Media: Biltong</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BiltongStokkies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/BiltongStokkies.jpg/250px-BiltongStokkies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/BiltongStokkies.jpg/330px-BiltongStokkies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/BiltongStokkies.jpg/500px-BiltongStokkies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Homemade beef biltong sticks</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Biltong</b> is a form of <a href="/wiki/Drying_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drying (food)">air-dried</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">cured</a> <a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">meat</a> which originated in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a>. <a href="/wiki/Southern_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern African">Southern African</a> countries include - (<a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a>). Various types of meat are used to produce it, ranging from <a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">beef</a> to <a href="/wiki/Game_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Game (food)">game</a> meats such as <a href="/wiki/Ostrich" title="Ostrich">ostrich</a> or <a href="/wiki/Kudu" title="Kudu">kudu</a>. The cut may also vary being either <a href="/wiki/Fillet_(cut)" title="Fillet (cut)">fillets</a> of meat cut into strips following the grain of the muscle, or flat pieces sliced across the grain. It is related to beef <a href="/wiki/Jerky" title="Jerky">jerky</a>, as both are spiced, dried meats; however, the typical ingredients, taste, and production processes may differ. Biltong is air-dried, which gives it a unique texture and flavor, whereas jerky is heated to at least 71 °C (160 °F). </p><p>The word "biltong" is from the <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">bil</i></span> ("buttock") and <i><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">tong</i></span></i> ("strip" or "tongue").<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">Meat preservation</a> as a survival technique dates back to ancient times. </p><p>Meat can be preserved by curing it in <a href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">salt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brine" title="Brine">brine</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">vinegar</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Saltpetre" class="mw-redirect" title="Saltpetre">saltpetre</a> (potassium nitrate). Potassium nitrate kills <i><a href="/wiki/Clostridium_botulinum" title="Clostridium botulinum">Clostridium botulinum</a></i>, the deadly bacterium that causes <a href="/wiki/Botulism" title="Botulism">botulism</a>, while the acidity of vinegar inhibits its growth. According to the World Health Organization, <i>C. botulinum</i> will not grow in acidic conditions (pH less than 4.6), and so the toxin will not be formed in acidic foods.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Antimicrobial" title="Antimicrobial">antimicrobial</a> properties of certain spices have also been drawn upon since ancient times. The spices introduced to biltong by the Dutch include <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">pepper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">coriander</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Clove" title="Clove">cloves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to local lore, biltong was originally made in the 17th century by Dutch pioneers who would place large strips of raw meat under horses' saddles to dry with the horses' salty sweat. This salty sweat preserved the meat while also tenderizing it from the shocks of riding. This "drying" process helped to provide a reliable and rich source of protein that would keep for months.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others speculate that the early Dutch settlers simply adopted a local custom of preserving meat. This is unlikely, however, as the use of horses did not begin until the colonization of South Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2017, a research group at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Beira_Interior" title="University of Beira Interior">University of Beira Interior</a> in <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> published a study about the antimicrobial properties of coriander oil<sup id="cite_ref-pmid25831119_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid25831119-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (coriander being one of the main spices in the most basic of biltong recipes) against 12 bacterial strains, and found that 10 of the 12 strains of bacteria were killed with a relatively mild concentration of coriander oil (1.6%). In the two strains which were not effectively killed, <i><a href="/wiki/Bacillus_cereus" title="Bacillus cereus">Bacillus cereus</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Enterococcus_faecalis" title="Enterococcus faecalis">Enterococcus faecalis</a></i>, the coriander oil reduced their growth significantly.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The need for food preservation in Southern Africa was pressing. <a href="/wiki/Icebox" title="Icebox">Iceboxes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Refrigerator" title="Refrigerator">refrigerators</a> had not been invented yet, and building up herds of livestock took a long time. With game in abundance in Southern Africa, however, traditional methods were called upon to preserve the meat of large African animals including the <a href="/wiki/Taurotragus" title="Taurotragus">eland</a>. </p><p>The meat was prepared with vinegar and spices then hung to be air dried for a fortnight during the winter, when the colder temperatures further inhibited bacterial and fungal growth. Once suitably dried, the biltong was ready for packing in cloth bags which allowed air circulation to help prevent mold.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ingredients">Ingredients</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ingredients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most common ingredients of biltong are:<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">Meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Black pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Coriander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">Salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">Vinegar</a></li></ul> <p>Modern-day ingredients sometimes include <a href="/wiki/Balsamic_vinegar" title="Balsamic vinegar">balsamic vinegar</a> or <a href="/wiki/Malt_vinegar" class="mw-redirect" title="Malt vinegar">malt vinegar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>, dry ground <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chilli peppers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">paprika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemon_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemon juice">lemon juice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baking_powder" title="Baking powder">bicarb soda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Worcestershire_sauce" title="Worcestershire sauce">Worcestershire sauce</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Onion_powder" title="Onion powder">onion powder</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Potassium_nitrate" title="Potassium nitrate">saltpetre</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meat">Meat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Meat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the introduction of refrigeration, the curing process was used to preserve all kinds of meat in Southern Africa, but biltong is most commonly made today from <a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">beef</a>, primarily because of its widespread availability and lower cost relative to game. For the finest cuts, <a href="/wiki/Fillet_(cut)" title="Fillet (cut)">fillet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sirloin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirloin">sirloin</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Steak" title="Steak">steaks</a> cut from the hip, such as topside or <a href="/wiki/Silverside_(beef)" title="Silverside (beef)">silverside</a>, are used. Other cuts can be used, but are not as high in quality. </p><p>Biltong can also be made from: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicken (food)">Chicken</a>, simply referred to as chicken biltong</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish (food)">Fish</a> in this case, known as <i><a href="/wiki/Bokkoms" title="Bokkoms">bokkoms</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">shark</a> biltong can also be found in South Africa).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Bokkoms</i> should not be confused with other cured fish such as dried <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_pomfret" title="Atlantic pomfret">angelfish</a> and dried <a href="/wiki/Thyrsites_atun" class="mw-redirect" title="Thyrsites atun">snoek</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Game (food)">Game</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Kudu" title="Kudu">kudu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Springbok" title="Springbok">springbok</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wildebeest" title="Wildebeest">wildebeest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrich" title="Ostrich">Ostrich</a> meat (bright red, often resembling game)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venison" title="Venison">Venison</a> meat (used in Europe resembling game)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparation">Preparation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Preparation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditionally, biltong was only made during the cold of winter when the risk of bacterial growth and mould would be at a minimum. Some recipes require the meat to be <a href="/wiki/Marinating" class="mw-redirect" title="Marinating">marinated</a> in a vinegar solution (grape vinegar is traditional but balsamic and cider also work very well) for a few hours, then the vinegar is poured off before the meat is flavoured with salt and spices. The spice mix is sprinkled liberally over the meat and rubbed in. Saltpetre is optional and can be added as an extra preservative (necessary only for wet biltong that is not going to be frozen). The meat should then be left for a further few hours (or refrigerated overnight) and any excess liquid poured off before the meat is hung in the dryer. </p><p>Other recipes, which were handed down from generation to generation, require the biltong to be left overnight in the vinegar, salt, and spice solution (between 12 and 24 hours).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spice mix traditionally consists of equal amounts of rock <a href="/wiki/Edible_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Edible salt">salt</a>, whole <a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">coriander</a> (slightly roasted), roughly ground black pepper, and brown sugar.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid23452350_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid23452350-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vinegar serves as a primary inhibitor of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> bacteria, according to the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the salt, coriander, pepper, and cloves all have antimicrobial properties.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drying">Drying</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Drying"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Biltong is always an air-dried meat. When heat is added, it is called 'jerky.' </p><p>Traditionally, biltong was made during the cold winters of the South African <a href="/wiki/Highveld" title="Highveld">highveld</a> for best results. The cold, dry air typically dried out the biltong much more effectively, and in the best possible food safety environment. Mould and bacterial risk are at a natural minimum, and thicker biltong cuts can be hung to dry slowly for a richer texture, fuller flavour, and darker colour. </p><p>Heat has only been introduced into the process in recent years by sellers who erroneously still call it 'biltong', however, it is not authentic biltong and traditional biltong makers maintain that heat makes for an inferior end result. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_with_jerky">Comparison with jerky</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Comparison with jerky"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beef_jerky.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Beef_jerky.jpg/220px-Beef_jerky.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Beef_jerky.jpg/330px-Beef_jerky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Beef_jerky.jpg/440px-Beef_jerky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="592" data-file-height="442" /></a><figcaption>Beef jerky</figcaption></figure> <p>Biltong differs from <a href="/wiki/Jerky" title="Jerky">jerky</a> in four distinct ways: </p> <ul><li>Biltong is air-dried over days, whereas jerky is heated to at least 71 °C (160 °F).</li> <li>Since jerky is heat-dried, the process is much faster than for making biltong.</li> <li>The meat used in biltong is often much thicker due to the faster drying time in dry air conditions; typically, biltong meat is cut in strips around 25 millimetres (0.98 in) wide, but can be thicker. Jerky is normally very thin meat.</li> <li>The vinegar, salt, and spices in biltong, together with the <a href="/wiki/Drying_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drying (food)">drying process</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">cure</a> the meat as well as adding texture and flavour. Jerky is traditionally dried with salt, but without vinegar.</li> <li>Jerky is often smoked; biltong is rarely smoked.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Biltong normally does not contain any sugar additives, while jerky usually does.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retail">Retail</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Retail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Biltongshop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Biltongshop.jpg/170px-Biltongshop.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Biltongshop.jpg/255px-Biltongshop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Biltongshop.jpg/340px-Biltongshop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="461" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>A display in a shop that sells biltong, <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Biltong is a common product in Southern African butcheries and grocery stores, and can be bought in the form of wide strips or much thinner strips (known as <span title="Afrikaans-language text"><i lang="af">stokkies</i></span>, meaning "little sticks"). It is also sold in plastic bags, sometimes <a href="/wiki/Shrink-wrap" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrink-wrap">shrink-wrapped</a>, and may be either finely shredded or sliced as biltong chips. </p><p>Also, some specialised retailers sell biltong. These shops may sell biltong as "wet" (moist), "medium", or "dry". Additionally, some customers prefer it with a lot of fat, while others prefer it as lean as possible. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eating">Eating</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Eating"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While biltong is usually eaten as a snack, it can also be diced up into stews, or added to <a href="/wiki/Muffin" title="Muffin">muffins</a> or <a href="/wiki/Potbrood" title="Potbrood">pot bread</a>. Biltong-flavoured potato crisps have also been produced,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and some cheese spreads<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have biltong flavour. Finely shredded biltong is eaten on slices of bread and in sandwiches.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Biltong can be used as a <a href="/wiki/Teething" title="Teething">teething</a> aid for babies.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Biltong is a high-protein food. Often, 200 g of beef is required to make 100 g of biltong, and the process of making biltong preserves most of the protein content. Some biltong can have up to 67% protein content. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Worldwide">Worldwide</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Worldwide"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Biltong_for_sale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Biltong_for_sale.jpg/250px-Biltong_for_sale.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Biltong_for_sale.jpg/330px-Biltong_for_sale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Biltong_for_sale.jpg/500px-Biltong_for_sale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>Point of sale display, <a href="/wiki/SPAR_(retailer)" class="mw-redirect" title="SPAR (retailer)">Spar</a> supermarket in <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Biltong's popularity has spread to many other countries with large South African populations, who often regard it with pride as a defining national food - <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the United Kingdom, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, New Zealand, Ireland, the United States, and India. Biltong is also produced within South African expatriate communities across the globe, for example in Germany, Ireland, and even South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Biltong produced in South Africa may not be imported into Britain, according to rules governing the importation of meat-based products from non-EU countries laid down by <a href="/wiki/HM_Customs_and_Excise" title="HM Customs and Excise">HM Customs and Excise</a> and its successor <a href="/wiki/HM_Revenue_and_Customs" title="HM Revenue and Customs">HM Revenue and Customs</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus it is made in the UK. </p><p>In the United States, biltong is relatively rare, as beef jerky has been traditionally the more popular dried meat snack. Within the last few years,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (October 2017)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> biltong has begun a small emergence within the United States, particularly from South African immigrants who have brought their local culture and foods with them. Due to concerns related to the presence of <a href="/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease" title="Foot-and-mouth disease">foot-and-mouth disease</a> in South Africa, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a> requires a meat inspection certificate issued by a South African government authority to accompany imports of biltong.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/64px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_dishes" title="List of African dishes">List of African dishes</a> – Common culinary dishes found in the ethnically and culturally diverse continent of Africa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dried_foods" title="List of dried foods">List of dried foods</a></li></ul> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biltong" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Biltong">Biltong</a> at Wikimedia Commons <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/biltong" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:biltong"><i>biltong</i></a> at Wiktionary </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Similar_foods">Similar foods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Similar foods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Foods similar to biltong include: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bresaola" title="Bresaola">Bresaola</a> – Air-dried and salted beef</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carne_seca" title="Carne seca">Carne seca</a> – Mexican dried beef</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecina_(meat)" title="Cecina (meat)">Cecina</a> – Salted and dried or cured meat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%27arki" class="mw-redirect" title="Ch'arki">Charqui</a> – Lean meat dried to prevent spoilage<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dro%C3%ABwors" title="Droëwors">Droëwors</a> – South African snack food</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerky" title="Jerky">Jerky</a> – Lean meat dried to prevent spoilage</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilishi" title="Kilishi">Kilishi</a> – Hausa dish of spiced dried beef, chicken, mutton or goat meat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metworst" title="Metworst">Metworst</a> – Type of traditional Dutch sausage</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojama" title="Mojama">Mojama</a> – Andalusian cured tuna delicacy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastirma" title="Pastirma">Pastırma</a> – Spiced dried beef</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemmican" title="Pemmican">Pemmican</a> – Food mix with long shelf life, sometimes used as survival food</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slinzega" title="Slinzega">Slinzega</a> – Air dried meat product from the Italian Alps</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEric_Partridge2006" class="citation book cs1">Eric Partridge (20 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xA9dxrhfa5kC"><i>Origins: An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-42114-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-42114-7"><bdi>978-0-203-42114-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origins%3A+An+Etymological+Dictionary+of+Modern+English&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006-09-20&rft.isbn=978-0-203-42114-7&rft.au=Eric+Partridge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxA9dxrhfa5kC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs270/en/">"Botulism"</a>. <i>World Health Organization</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Health+Organization&rft.atitle=Botulism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fmediacentre%2Ffactsheets%2Ffs270%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBeinart2008" class="citation book cs1">Beinart, William (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VBPFyx5WlwwC&q=biltong%20khoekhoe&pg=PA34"><i>The Rise of Conservation in South Africa</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199541225" title="Special:BookSources/9780199541225"><bdi>9780199541225</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+Conservation+in+South+Africa&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780199541225&rft.aulast=Beinart&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVBPFyx5WlwwC%26q%3Dbiltong%2520khoekhoe%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthwormexpress.com/about-meat-curing/functional-ingredients/saltpeter-horse-sweat-and-biltong-the-origins-of-our-national-food/">Eben van Tonder</a>: <i>Saltpeter, Horse Sweat, and Biltong: The origins of our national food</i>. Earthwormexpress, 11 August 2017; accessed on 18 August 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biltongboyz.com/faqs/">BiltongBoyz</a>: <i>What is biltong?</i>, biltongboyz (2018); accessed: 18 September 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/PFT/2/8YnvQ?_s=EOHVpzqUrwI0tN1OzJeks60WkEQ%3D">Philip James Kiberd</a>: <i>Investigating Middle Stone Age foraging behaviour in the Karoo, South Africa</i>. PhD thesis, University of Exeter, May 2022, pp. 111-112; accessed: 18 September 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0259-01902003000100003">Sandra Swart</a>: <i>Riding high - horses, power and settler society, c.1654-1840</i>; accessed: 20 August 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid25831119-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid25831119_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSilvaDomingues2015" class="citation journal cs1">Silva, Filomena; Domingues, Fernanda C (2015). "Antimicrobial Activity of Coriander Oil and Its Effectiveness as Food Preservative". <i>Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition</i>. <b>57</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">35–</span>47. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10408398.2013.847818">10.1080/10408398.2013.847818</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25831119">25831119</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20975653">20975653</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Food+Science+and+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+Activity+of+Coriander+Oil+and+Its+Effectiveness+as+Food+Preservative&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E35-%3C%2Fspan%3E47&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20975653%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25831119&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10408398.2013.847818&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Filomena&rft.au=Domingues%2C+Fernanda+C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPhD2014" class="citation web cs1">PhD, Fernanda Domingues (26 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bottomlineinc.com/health/diet-nutrition/coriander-the-spice-that-fights-food-poisoning">"Coriander: The Spice That Fights Food Poisoning"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coriander%3A+The+Spice+That+Fights+Food+Poisoning&rft.date=2014-06-26&rft.aulast=PhD&rft.aufirst=Fernanda+Domingues&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbottomlineinc.com%2Fhealth%2Fdiet-nutrition%2Fcoriander-the-spice-that-fights-food-poisoning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRocklandBeuchat1987" class="citation book cs1">Rockland, Louis B.; Beuchat, Larry R. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tNhABDqrgw8C&pg=PA318">"Intermediate Moister Foods"</a>. <i>Water Activity: Theory and Applications to Food</i>. <a href="/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>. p. 318. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-7759-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-7759-3"><bdi>978-0-8247-7759-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Intermediate+Moister+Foods&rft.btitle=Water+Activity%3A+Theory+and+Applications+to+Food&rft.pages=318&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-8247-7759-3&rft.aulast=Rockland&rft.aufirst=Louis+B.&rft.au=Beuchat%2C+Larry+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtNhABDqrgw8C%26pg%3DPA318&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAroraArora,_Bharat_Rai1991" class="citation book cs1">Arora, Dilip K.; Arora, Bharat Rai (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u4PShkRejw0C&pg=PA74">"Xerophilic Fungi in Intermediate and Low Moisture Foods"</a>. <i>Handbook of Applied Mycology</i>. <a href="/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>. p. 74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-8491-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-8491-1"><bdi>978-0-8247-8491-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Xerophilic+Fungi+in+Intermediate+and+Low+Moisture+Foods&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Applied+Mycology&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-8247-8491-1&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Dilip+K.&rft.au=Arora%2C+Bharat+Rai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du4PShkRejw0C%26pg%3DPA74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMadikwa2008" class="citation news cs1">Madikwa, Zenoyise (25 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sowetan/archive/2008/09/25/making-biltong-is-really-simple">"Making biltong is really simple"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sowetan" title="The Sowetan">The Sowetan</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sowetan&rft.atitle=Making+biltong+is+really+simple&rft.date=2008-09-25&rft.aulast=Madikwa&rft.aufirst=Zenoyise&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sowetanlive.co.za%2Fsowetan%2Farchive%2F2008%2F09%2F25%2Fmaking-biltong-is-really-simple&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWylie2001" class="citation book cs1">Wylie, Diana (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gc-JuczADaYC&pg=PA83"><i>Starving on a Full Stomach: Hunger and the Triumph of Cultural Racism in Modern South Africa</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_Press" title="University of Virginia Press">University of Virginia Press</a>. p. 83. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8139-2068-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8139-2068-9"><bdi>978-0-8139-2068-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2008</span>. <q>Sometimes the food donated as famine relief were memorably bizarre, and surprisingly popular, such as shark biltong (dried <a href="/wiki/Shark_meat" title="Shark meat">shark meat</a>).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Starving+on+a+Full+Stomach%3A+Hunger+and+the+Triumph+of+Cultural+Racism+in+Modern+South+Africa&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=University+of+Virginia+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8139-2068-9&rft.aulast=Wylie&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dgc-JuczADaYC%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeemstra2004" class="citation book cs1">Heemstra, Elaine (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e4H1uWszXOQC&pg=PA63"><i>Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa</i></a>. NISC (PTY) Ltd. pp. <span class="nowrap">63–</span>64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-920033-01-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-920033-01-9"><bdi>978-1-920033-01-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2008</span>. <q>[T]he meat [of the soupfin shark] is dried, salted and sold as shark biltong.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coastal+Fishes+of+Southern+Africa&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E63-%3C%2Fspan%3E64&rft.pub=NISC+%28PTY%29+Ltd.&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-920033-01-9&rft.aulast=Heemstra&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De4H1uWszXOQC%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meately.com/how-much-does-biltong-lose-weight-over-days/">"What is the weight of biltong after drying? – Meately"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+the+weight+of+biltong+after+drying%3F+%E2%80%93+Meately&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeately.com%2Fhow-much-does-biltong-lose-weight-over-days%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sa-austin.com/blog/2014/04/making-traditional-south-african-biltong-1400.html">"Making Traditional South African Biltong - A Recipe - SA-Austin.com"</a>. <i>www.sa-austin.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sa-austin.com&rft.atitle=Making+Traditional+South+African+Biltong+-+A+Recipe+-+SA-Austin.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sa-austin.com%2Fblog%2F2014%2F04%2Fmaking-traditional-south-african-biltong-1400.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid23452350-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid23452350_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFd'AmatoAlechineCloeteDavison2013" class="citation journal cs1">d'Amato, Maria Eugenia; Alechine, Evguenia; Cloete, Kevin Wesley; Davison, Sean; Corach, Daniel (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621286">"Where is the game? 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Data&rft.pub=hi-tm.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hi-tm.com%2FDocuments%2FSpices.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.demandafrica.com/food/biltong-about-south-african-treat/">"Biltong: All About This Popular South African Treat"</a>. <i>Demand Africa</i>. 3 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Demand+Africa&rft.atitle=Biltong%3A+All+About+This+Popular+South+African+Treat&rft.date=2018-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.demandafrica.com%2Ffood%2Fbiltong-about-south-african-treat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meately.com/biltong-vs-jerky-whats-the-difference-and-does-it-matter/">"Biltong vs Jerky – What's the difference (and does it matter)? – Biltong Magazine"</a>. 11 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Processed+Cheese+Slices+Biltong+%E2%80%93+Clover&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clover.co.za%2Fproduct-view%2F360%2Fprocessed-cheese-slices-biltong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMelrose_Cheese_Spread" class="citation web cs1">Melrose Cheese Spread. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180106065533/http://www.saffatrading.co.za/pMEL001/Melrose-Cheese-Spread.aspx">"Melrose Cheese Spread"</a>. SaffaTrading.co.za. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.biltongparadise.co.za&rft.atitle=biltongparadise.co.za&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biltongparadise.co.za%2Findex.php%2F24-biltong-gallery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biltongshopper.com/biltongrecipes.html">"South African biltong recipes"</a>. <i>www.biltongshopper.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.biltongshopper.com&rft.atitle=South+African+biltong+recipes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biltongshopper.com%2Fbiltongrecipes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoase2005" class="citation news cs1">Boase, Tessa (10 January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/wine/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/wine/2005/10/01/edbill01.xml">"African snackshot"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2008</span>. <q>[Biltong is] particularly good for teething babies</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=African+snackshot&rft.date=2005-01-10&rft.aulast=Boase&rft.aufirst=Tessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fwine%2Fmain.jhtml%3Fview%3DDETAILS%26grid%3D%26xml%3D%2Fwine%2F2005%2F10%2F01%2Fedbill01.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2021">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shz.de/tipps-trends/ernaehrung-gesundheit/fleisch-snack-vom-kap-biltong-gibt-es-jetzt-made-in-germany-id76438.html">"Fleisch-Snack vom Kap: Biltong gibt es jetzt "made in Germany" | shz.de"</a>. <i>shz</i>. 11 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=shz&rft.atitle=Fleisch-Snack+vom+Kap%3A+Biltong+gibt+es+jetzt+%22made+in+Germany%22+%26%23124%3B+shz.de&rft.date=2022-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shz.de%2Ftipps-trends%2Fernaehrung-gesundheit%2Ffleisch-snack-vom-kap-biltong-gibt-es-jetzt-made-in-germany-id76438.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ksta.de/fleisch-snack-vom-kap--biltong-gibt-es-jetzt--made-in-germany--5981274">"Fleisch-Snack vom Kap: Biltong gibt es jetzt "made in Germany"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger</i>. 24 May 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=K%C3%B6lner+Stadt-Anzeiger&rft.atitle=Fleisch-Snack+vom+Kap%3A+Biltong+gibt+es+jetzt+%22made+in+Germany%22&rft.date=2013-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ksta.de%2Ffleisch-snack-vom-kap--biltong-gibt-es-jetzt--made-in-germany--5981274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHMRC" class="citation web cs1">HMRC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090202090454/http://customs.hmrc.gov.uk/channelsPortalWebApp/channelsPortalWebApp.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=pageTravel_FAQs&propertyType=document&columns=1&id=HMCE_PROD_009841#P6_1095">"FAQ: Meat, food and plants"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Customs_and_Excise" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Customs and Excise">Her Majesty's Customs and Excise</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://customs.hmrc.gov.uk/channelsPortalWebApp/channelsPortalWebApp.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=pageTravel_FAQs&propertyType=document&columns=1&id=HMCE_PROD_009841#P6_1095">the original</a> on 2 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Her+Majesty%27s+Customs+and+Excise&rft.atitle=FAQ%3A+Meat%2C+food+and+plants&rft.au=HMRC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcustoms.hmrc.gov.uk%2FchannelsPortalWebApp%2FchannelsPortalWebApp.portal%3F_nfpb%3Dtrue%26_pageLabel%3DpageTravel_FAQs%26propertyType%3Ddocument%26columns%3D1%26id%3DHMCE_PROD_009841%23P6_1095&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ask.usda.gov/s/article/Can-I-bring-back-South-African-Biltong-beef-jerky-into-the-United-States-of-America-for-personal-con">"Can I bring back South African Biltong (beef jerky) into the United States of America for personal consumption?"</a>. <i>AskUSDA</i>. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 17 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AskUSDA&rft.atitle=Can+I+bring+back+South+African+Biltong+%28beef+jerky%29+into+the+United+States+of+America+for+personal+consumption%3F&rft.date=2019-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fask.usda.gov%2Fs%2Farticle%2FCan-I-bring-back-South-African-Biltong-beef-jerky-into-the-United-States-of-America-for-personal-con&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiltong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biltong&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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href="/wiki/Bunny_chow" title="Bunny chow">Bunny chow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_feet" title="Chicken feet">Chicken feet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikgobe" title="Dikgobe">Dikgobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frikkadel" title="Frikkadel">Frikkadel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatsby_(sandwich)" title="Gatsby (sandwich)">Gatsby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidudu" title="Isidudu">Isidudu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morogo" title="Morogo">Morogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samp" title="Samp">Samp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skilpadjies" title="Skilpadjies">Skilpadjies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosatie" title="Sosatie">Sosatie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umngqusho" title="Umngqusho">Umngqusho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterblommetjiebredie" title="Waterblommetjiebredie">Waterblommetjiebredie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mealie_bread" title="Mealie bread">Mealie bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pap_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pap (food)">Mieliepap</a> (<a 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href="/wiki/Konfyt" class="mw-redirect" title="Konfyt">Konfyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_gland_sauce" title="Monkey gland sauce">Monkey gland sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppadew" title="Peppadew">Peppadew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusk" title="Rusk">Rusks</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ouma_Rusks" title="Ouma Rusks">Ouma Rusks</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pastries and desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koeksister" title="Koeksister">Koeksisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koe%27sister" title="Koe'sister">Koe'sister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malva_pudding" title="Malva pudding">Malva pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melktert" title="Melktert">Melktert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosbolletjies" title="Mosbolletjies">Mosbolletjies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tameletjie" 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